Publications of the

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE.—No. 82.

Edited by the Executive.

THE

STANDARDS OF FIRE RESISTANCE

OF THE

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE

AS ADOPTED TO SERVE AS

UNIVERSAL STANDARDS

AT THE

INTERNATIONAL EIRE PREVENTION CONGRESS, LONDON, 1903,

WITH

TRANSLATIONS INTO GERMAN AND FRENCH.

TOGETHER WITH

SPECIAL TABLES

OF

MEASUREMENTS, WEIGHTS AND TEMPERATURES

CONVERTED INTO

THEIR METRIC EQUIVALENTS.

ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.

LONDON, 1904.

Published at the Offices of THE BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE [Founded 1897—Incorporated i8gg), i, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall.

Two Shillings and Sixpence.

OBJECTS OF THE COMMITTEE :

The main objects of the Committee are

To direct attention to the urgent neeojbr increased protection of life and property from hre hp the adoption of preventive measures.

s nnni-

To use its influence in every direction tov mising the possibilities and dangers of fire.

To bring together those scientifically interested in the subject of Fire Prevention.

To arrange periodical meetings for the discussion of practical questions bearing on the same.

To establish a reading-room, library and collections for purposes of research, and for supplying recent and authentic information on the subject of Fire Prevention.

To publish from time to time papers specially prepared for the Committee, together with records, extracts, and translations.

To undertake such independent investigations and tests of materials, methods and appliances as may be considered advisable.

The Committee s Reports on Tests with Materials, Methods of Construction, or Appliances are intended solely to state bare facts and occurrences, with tables, diagrams, or illustrations, and they are on no account to be read as expressions of opinion, criticisms, or comparisons.

The Committee is not responsible for the views of individual authors as expressed in Papers or Notes, but only for such observations as are formally issued on behalf of the Executive.

Biblioteka Politechniki Krakowskiej

100000316934

COUNCIL.

Chairman of the Executive :

EDWIN O. SACHS, F.R.S.Ed., F.S.S., Architect, Vice-Pres. Nat. Fire Brigades’ Union.

M.Inst.C.E., Chief Engineer, Metropolitan Asylums Board.

W. H. HUNTER, M.Inst.C.E., Chief Engineer, Manchester Ship Canal.

A. B. MCDONALD, M.Inst.C.E., neer, Glasgow.

J. ALLEN MCDONALD, M.Inst.C.E., Chief Engineer, Midland Railway.

neers.

C.B., Director

SlR

Professor ARCHIBALD BARR, D.Sc., M.Inst.C.E., Glasgow University.

THOMAS BLASHILL, F.R.I.B.A., F.S.I., late Architect, London County Council.

Sir C. PURDON-CLARKE, C.I.E., F.S.A., F.R.I.B.A., Victoria and Albert Museum.

SIR JOHN COCKBURN, K.C.M.G., M.D., late Premier of South Australia.

H. H. COLLINS, F.R.I.B.A., F.S.I., District Surveyor ; Alderman, Boro, of Paddington.

Sir W. MARTIN CONWAY, M.A., F.S.A.

ALFRED DARBYSHIRE, F.S.A., Vice-Pres. Royal Institute of British Architects.

Major-General E. R. RESTING, C.B., F.R.S.

Sir DOUGLAS FOX, J.P., Past-President, Institution of Civil Engineers.

W. A. HART, M.V.O., Great Western Ry.

SPENCER HARTY, M.Inst.C.E., City Surveyor, Dublin.

W. f. HATCH,

City Engi-

C. E. NOVERRE, London Manager, Norwich Union Fire Office.

Sir W. HENRY PREECE, K.C.B., F.R.S., late Engineer-in-Chief, General Post Office ; Past-Pres. Inst, of Civil Engineers.

JOHN PRICE, M.Inst.C.E., F.S.I., City Surveyor, Birmingham.

GUY PYM, J.P., D.L., M.P., North British and Mercantile Insurance Company.

BOVERTON REDWOOD, F.R.S. Ed., F.I.C., Advisor on Petroleum to the Home Office.

W. E. RILEY, F.R.I.B.A., The Architect, London County Council.

E. G. RIVERS, I.S.O., M.Inst.C.E., Chief Engineer H.M. Office of Works.

ALEXANDER SIEMENS, M.Inst.C.E., Past-Pres. Inst. Electrical Engi

Sir JAMES WEEKS SZLUMPER,M.Inst.C.E.

Sir JOHN TAYLOR, K.C.B., Consulting Architect H.M. Office of Works.

Sir W. P. TRELOAR, J.P„ Alderman of the Citv of London.

ROBERT VIGERS, Past-President, The Surveyors’ Institution.

A. WHITELEGGE, C.B., M.D., F.R.C.P., Chief Inspector of Factories, Home Office.

JAMES WILLIAMSON, of H.M. Dockyards.

Sir HENRY TRUEMAN WOOD, M.A., Secretary, Society of Arts.

Executive :

MAX CLARKE, F.R.I.B.A. ; CHARLES E. GOAD, M.Am.Soc.C.E., M.Can.Soc.C.E. ;

LIONEL .1. LANGRIDGE, A. Inst E.E. ; PERCY COLLINS:

ROBERT MOND, M.A., F.R.S.Ed.; J. HERBERT DYER, Vice-Pres. N. F. B. U. ;

JAMES SHEPPARD, A.Inst.E.E.. Surveyor North British and Merch. Ins. Co. ;

J. W. RESTLER, M.Inst C.E., late Chief Eng. Southwark and Vauxhall Waterworks E. de SEGUXDO, A.M.Inst.C.E., M.I.Mech.E.

Gen. Hon. Secretary :

ELLIS MARSLAND, District Surveyor.

Vice-Chairman of the Industrial Section :

Sir W. P. TRELOAR, J.P.

Hon. Auditors :

Lieut.-Col. GEORGE W. DIXON, V.D., F.S.I.E., Vice-Pres. Nat. Fire Brigades’ Union. HORACE S. FOLKER, F.A.I., Gen. Hon. Sec. Nat. Fire Brigades’ Union.

Bankets :

LONDON AND SOUTH WESTERN BANK, Regent Street, S.W.

Testing Station :

Westbourne Lodge, Bayswater, W. Offices :

i, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London, S.W. (Charles Adami, Assistant Sécrétaiyf

SPECIAL SUB-COMMITTEES

OF THF:

EXECUTIVE.

The General Purposes, Finance and Rules Sub-Committee.

EDWIN O. SACHS, Archt., Chairman.

ELLIS MARSLAND, Distr. Surveyor ; JAMES SHEPPARD, A.Inst.E.E. ; With the addition of

HORACE FOLKER, E.A.I., Gen. Hon. Sec.. N.F.B.U.

The Testing Arrangements Sub-Committee.

ELLIS MARSLAND, Distr. Surveyor, Chairman.

MAX CLARKE, F.R.I.B.A. ; J. HERBERT DYER, Vice-Pres. N.F.B.U. ; LIONEL J. LANGRIDGE, A.M.Inst.E.E. ; ROBERT MOND, M.A. ; J. W. RESTLER, M.Inst.C.E. ;

EDWIN O. SACHS, Archt. (ex officio) ; E. de SEGUNDO, M.I.Mech.E. ; With the addition of

BERNARD DICKSEP:, A.R.I.B.A., Distr. Surveyor.

W. GRELLIER, F.R.I.B.A., Distr. Surveyor.

The Library and Museum Sub-Committee.

JAMES SHEPPARD, A.Inst.E.E., Chairman.

PERCY COLLINS; CHARLp:S E. GOAD, M.Am.Soc.C.E. ;

ELLIS MARSLAND, Distr. Surveyor (ex officio) ; EDWIN O. SACHS Archt. (ex officio) ; PL D. SEGUNDO, M.I.Mech.E.

The Parliamentary Sub-Committee.

PiDWIN O. SACHS, Archt., Chairman.

MAX CLARKE, F.R.I.B.A.; ELLIS MARSLAND, Disti. Surveyor; J. W. RESTLER, M.Inst.C.E.; JAMES SHEPPARD, A.Inst.E.E. With the addition of

HORACE FOLKER, F.A.I., Gen. Hon. Sec., N.F.B.U.

A. WALMISLEY, M.Inst.C.E., Chief Eng. Dover Harbour Board.

Sub-Committees comprise Members of the Executive with Assistance from the General Membership.

The Chairman and Hon. Secretary of the Executive are ex officio members of all Subcommittees.

NOTE.

The Standards of Fire Resistance, which were originally prepared in the form of Suggestions by the British Fire Prevention Committee and afterwards adopted as Universal Standards by the International Fire Prevention Congress of July, 1903, are being accorded such importance in different countries that the Executive have deemed it necessary to publish them, with an authorised translation in French and German, and with the measurements, weights and temperatures common to this country transcribed into metric ones.

It will have been observed that since the Congress above referred to, and in accordance with one of the resolutions arrived at on that occasion, the reports on tests issued by this Committee embody the metric equivalents wherever practicable. But as so many reports had been issued prior to the adoption of this policy, the Executive have deemed it appropriate to append some tables which should be found useful by students abroad who wish quickly to find metric figures in place of the British ones constantly recurring in these publications.

The importance of this universal standard need not be dwelt upon on this occasion except to say that, if anything, the recent fires both in Great Britain, on the Continent and in America, continue to point to the urgency of systematic efforts on an identical basis in all countries to combat the growing evil of fatal fires. The standardisation of the available materials and systems of construction that will resist fire should greatly facilitate the adoption of suitable precautionary measures.

In the compilation of this Publication, the Executive are much indebted to Chief Officers Dittman, of Bremen, and Welsch, of Ghent; and further, in respect to the conversion of the figures, to Mr. Max Clarke, F.R.I.B.A.

EDWIN O. SACHS.

London, July 16th, 1904.

THE GENERAL ARRANGEMENTS FOR TESTS.

(MEMORANDUM.)

The purpose of the tests undertaken by the British Fire Prevention Committee is to obtain reliable data as to the exact fire-resistance of the various materials, systems of construction, or appliances used in building practice.

The tests are of an entirely independent character, arranged on scientific lines, but with full consideration for the practical purpose in view. Absolute reliability is assured, records being mostly taken automatically, or by photography, and the temperatures being easily regulated by the application of gas.

All reports on tests solely state the bare facts and occurrences, with tables, diagrams, and illustrations, and on no account are reports to be taken as including expressions of opinion, nor should any expression be read as a comparison or criticism.

The general arrangement and direction of the tests are in the hands of the Executive, who act in accordance with certain principles laid down after careful study and experiment. The official tests are attended by the members of the Council and the members of the Committee in rotation.

As to the Committee’s present Testing Station, it comprises a house, standing in its own grounds, near Royal Oak Station, and backing on to the Great Western Railway. The principal building is used for Committee Rooms and laboratory purposes, whilst the gardens are utilised for so-called “ full-size ” tests.

As to the financial aspect of the station, the establishment expenses are being met by a special subscription. As far as the funds of the committee permit, investigations and experimental tests with ordinary (i.e., not patented) forms of construction are undertaken from time to time and duly reported on. Official tests with patented materials, makers’ systems, etc., etc., are subject to a scale of charges, but these charges are so figured as to only just cover the actual cost. The Testing Station is also open to members for such private research work or tests they may desire to undertake.

The services of the members participating in the management of the station, conducting or attending tests, are given entirely gratuitously.

For the Executive,

EDWIN O. SACHS, Chairman.

THE

STANDARDS OF FIRE RESISTANCE

OF THE

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE

AS ADOPTED TO SERVE AS

UNIVERSAL STANDARDS

AT THE

INTERNATIONAL FIRE PREVENTION CONGRESS, LONDON, 1903.

The following were the Congress Resolutions referring to the subject:—

Re the term “ Fireproof.”

THE Congress having given their consideration to the constant misuse of the term “fireproof,” and its indiscriminate and unsuitable application to many building materials and systems in use, have come to the conclusion that the avoidance of this term in the general business and technical vocabulary is essential.

Re the term “ Fire-resisting.”

THE Congress considers the term “fire-resisting" more applicable for general use, and that it more correctly describes the varying qualities of the different materials and systems of construction intended to resist the effect of fire for shorter or longer periods, at high or low temperatures, as the case may be; and it advocates the general adoption of this term in the place of the term “ fireproof.”

Re Standards of Fire Resistance.

THE Congress confirms the British Fire Prevention Committee's proposed standards of fire-resistance, and hereby resolves that the universal standards of fire-resistance shall in ft dure be :—

1.    Temporary protection ;

2.    Partial protection ;

3.    Full protection ;

in accordance with the Committee's schedule.

The executive of the British Fire Prevention Committee having given their careful consideration to the common misuse of the term “ fireproof,” now indiscriminately and often most unsuitably applied to many

building materials and systems of building construction in use in Great Britain, have come to the conclusion that the avoidance of this term in general business, technical, and legislative vocabulary is essential.

The executive consider the term “ fire-resisting ” more applicable for general use, and that it more correctly describes the varying qualities of different materials and systems of construction intended to resist the effect of fire for shorter or longer periods, at high or low temperatures, as the case may be, and they advocate the general adoption of this term in place of “ fireproof.”

Further, the executive, fully realising the great variations in the fire-resisting qualities of materials and systems of construction, consider that the public, the professions concerned, and likewise the authorities controlling building operations, should clearly discriminate between the amount of protection obtainable or, in fact, requisite for different classes of property. For instance, the city warehouse filled with highly inflammable goods of great weight requires very different protection from the tenement house of the suburbs.

The executive are desirous of discriminating between fire-resisting materials and systems of construction affording temporary protection, partial protection, and full protection against fire, and to classify all building materials and systems of construction under these three headings. The exact and definite limit of these three classes is based on the experience obtained from numerous investigations and tests, combined with the experience obtained from actual fires, and after due consideration of the limitations of building practice and the question of cost.

The executive's minimum requirements of fire-resistance for building materials or systems of construction will be seen from the standard tables appended for—

I.    Fire-resisting floors and ceilings,

II.    Fire-resisting partitions,

III.    Fire-resisting doors,

but they could be popularly summarised as follows :—

(a)    That temporary protection implies resistance against fire for at least three-quarters of an hour.

(b)    That partial protection implies resistance against a fierce fire for at least one hour and a-half.

(c) That full protection implies resistance against a fierce fire for at least two hours and a-half.

The conditions under this resistance should be obtainable, the actual minimum temperatures, thickness, questions of load, and the application of water can be appreciated from the annexed tables by all technically interested, but for the popular discrimination—which the executive are desirous of encouraging—the time standard alone should suffice.

It is desirable that these standards become the universal standards in this country, on the Continent, and in the United States, so that the same standardisation may in future be common to all countries, and the preliminary arrangements for this universal standardisation are already in hand.

On behalf of the Executive

Edwin O. Sachs (Chairman).

Ellis Marsland (Gen. Hon. Secretary).

STANDARD TABLE FOR FIRE-RESISTING FLOORS AND CEILINGS.

CLASSIFICATION'.

Sub-Class.

Duration of Test at Least.

Minimum

Temperature.

Load per Superficial Foot Distributed.

per square metre.

Minimum Superficial Area under Test.

Minimum Time for Application of Water under Pressure

Temporary Protection -

( Class A I 45 mins,

Optional

Class 15 6o mins.

i5oo° K. (815 5°C)

Optional

ioo sq. it. )

(9'290    2 mins.

sq. m.)

200 sq. ft.

(18580 sq. m.)

2 mins.

Class A

go mins.

Partial Protection

Class 15

i2o mins.

i8oo°F.    112 lbs

(982'2°C) 154'g ftfrg /•£ j

1800° F.    168 lbs. •

(9822°C)f{gj>Qg?g '''

ioo sq. tt.

(9290    2 mins.

sq. tit ) I 200 sq. ft. !

(18 580    2 mins.

sq. m.)

I Class A

150 mins.

1800° F. (982 ?'C)

224 lbs.

Tim'm'kg.)

18oo° F (982'2°C)

kg = kilogramme.

240 mins.

280 lbs. (Ï367Ï30kg.)

ioo sq. ft. (9290 «/. m.) 200 sq. ft. (18 580 sq. in.)

2 mins.

IO

STANDARD TABLE FOR FIRE-RESISTING PARTITIONS.

Classification.

Sub-Class.

Duration of Test at Least.

Minimum

Temperature.

Thickness of Material.

Minimum Superficial Area under Test.

Minimum Time for Application of Water under Pressure.

Class A

45 mins.

Temporary Protection

Class B

6o mins.

i mo" F. (815-5°C)

i 500° F. (815'5°C)

2 in. & under (051 tit.)

Optional

(7433 sq. m.)

8o sq. ft. I (7-432 sq. m.)

•2 mins.

2 mins.

Class A ■ 90 mins.

Partial Protection ...

I8oo° F. (982-2PC)

2% in. & under ('063 m.)

Class B ! 120 mins.

1800⁰ F. (982-2°C)

Optional

8o sq. ft. (7432 sq. in.) 8o sq. ft. (7 432 sq. m.)

2 mins.

2 mins.

Class A

150 mins.

Full Protection

1800° F. (982-2°C)

2J in. & under ( 063 m.)

Class B

240 mins.

1800° F-(982 2°C)

Optional

80 sq. ft. (7-432 sq. m.) 80 sq. ft. (7-432 sq. m.)

2 mins.

5 mins.

STANDARD TABLE FOR FIRE-RESISTING SINGLE DOORS, WITH OR WITHOUT FRAMES.

Classification.

Sub-Class.

Duration of Test at Least.

Minimum

Temperature.

Thickness of Material.

Minimum Superficial Area under Test.

Minimum Time for Application of Water under Pressure.

Class A

45 mins.

Temporary Protection -

15oo° F. [815-5°C)

2 in. & under ( 051- tit.)

Class B

60 mins.

i500° F. (815'5°C)

Optional

20 sq. ft. I (1-858 J 2 mins. sq. m.)

20 sq. ft. I (1858' sq. m.) I

2 mins.

Class A

90 mins.

Partial Protection ... -,

1800⁰ F. (982-2°C)

2J in. & under (063 m.)

Class B

120 mins.

l8oo° F. (982-2°C)

Optional

20 sq. ft. (1-858 sq. m.) 20 sq. ft. (1-858 sq. m.)

2 mins.

2 mins.

!" Class A j 150 mins,

^ in. & under (-018 in.)

Class B I 240 mins.

1800° P. (982-2°C)

Optional

25 sq. ft. (2-322 sq. in.) 25 sq. ft. (2322 sq. 111.)

2 mins.

5 mins.

PROPOSITIONS

DU

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE

RELATIVES A LA RESISTANCE AU FEU DES MATÉRIAUX DE CONSTRUCTION. ADOPTÉES COMME TYPES UNIVERSELS

AU

CONGRÈS INTERNATIONAL DES MESURES PRÉVENTIVES TENU À LONDRES en 1903.

RÉSOLUTIONS DU CONGRES.

L’expression (< à l'épreuve du Feu,"

LE Congres ayant délibéré sur l'abus universel de l'expression “à l'épreuve du feu’’ (ftre-proof) et sur son emploi injustifié pour désigner beaucoup de matériaux et systèmes employés dans la construction, émet le voeu que celte expression soit rayée du vocabulaire commercial et professionnel.

L’expression “Résistant au Feu,”

LE Congres est d’avis que Vexpression “ résistant au feu ” (fire-resisting) convient généralement mieux pour définir plus exactement cette qualité spèciale des matériaux et systèmes de construction de résister plus ou moins longtemps à l’effet d'un feu à haute ou basse température, suivant les cirçon stances.

Classes de Résistance au Feu,

LE Congrès approuve et adopte le classement des systèmes de construction résistant au feu proposé par le “British Fire Prevention Committee ” qui tient compte des degrés de résistance au feu des matériaux pour assurer:—

i° Une protection temporaire ; 2° Une protection partielle ;

3⁰ Une protection entière.

Le comité exécutif du British Fire Prevention Committee tenant compte de l’abus universel de l’expression à “ l'épreuve du feu” et de son application et emploi injustifiés pour désigner beaucoup de matériaux et

12

systèmes de construction employés dans la Grande Bretagne, a conclu que cette expression soit être rayée du vocabulaire commercial, professionnel et législatif.

Le comité exécutif est d’avis que l’expression “résistant au feu” (fire-resisting) convient généralement mieux pour définir plus exactement cette qualité spéciale des matériaux et systèmes de construction de résister plus ou moins longtemps à l'effet d’un feu, à haute ou basse température suivant, les circonstances et il émet le voeu de voir adopter généralement cette expression à la place de “ fireproof.”

Enfin le comité exécutif tenant compte des nombreuses variations que subissent les matériaux et les systèmes de construction résistant au feu considère que le" public, les personnes que la chose concerne, ainsi que les autorités chargées de contrôler les opérations de la bâtisse puissent discerner le degré de protection qu’on peut obtenir ou plutôt indispensable aux différentes classes d’immeubles. Par exemple, un entrepôt communal, rempli de matières hautement inflammables, nécessite une protection qui diffère essentiellement de celle d’un immeuble de la banlieue. Le comité exécutif estime qu’il faut pouvoir discerner entre les matériaux et systèmes de construction résistant au feu donnant une protection temporaire, partielle ou entière et ranger tous les matériaux et systèmes employés dans ces trois catégories.

La limite exacte et définitive de ces trois classes sera basée d’après les résultats obtenus à de nombreuses investigations et expériences, ainsi qu’aux incendies, en tenant compte de la destination de l’immeuble et des frais de construction.

Les exigences- minima du comité exécutif relatives aux matériaux et systèmes de construction résistant au feu seront conformes aux tableaux-types ci-après dressés pour :

i° Les planchers et les plafonds ;

2° Les cloisons ;

3° Les portes.

Ce qui revient à dire en d’autres termes que :

A)    Une protection temporaire nécessite une résistance au feu de f d’heure au moins.

B)    Une protection partielle doit résister à un violent feu pendant heure au moins.

C) Une protection entière est considérée comme acquise quand la matière à soumettre à un feu violent résiste au moins pendant 2J heures.

Les intéressés trouveront dans les tableaux ci-après tous les renseignements relatifs aux températures minima réelles, à l’épaisseur, à la charge, à la durée de la projection de l’eau, mais pour le discernement des masses, que le comité exécutif désire encourager, le temps stipulé seul sera pris en considération.

Il est désirable que ces types soient universellement acceptés et que le même mode d’appréciation soit en usage à l’avenir dans tous les pays ; les bases d’adoption de cette méthode universelle peuvent être considérées comme établies.

Pour le comité exécutif du British Fire Prevention Committee,

Edwin O. Sachs, Président. Ellis Marsland, Secretaire.

TABLEAU-TYPE DE LA RESISTANCE AU FEU DES PLANCHERS.

Classification.

Subdivision.

Durée minimum de l'épreuve.

Température

minimum.

Charge par m.c. de superficie.

um

Superficie minim à soumettre à l’épreuve.

Durée minimum de projection d’eau.

45 ruin.

Si5'5° C. Facultatif

9290 m.c.

2 mm.

Protection temporaire

Classe B 60 min. 815-5° C. Facultatif

18580 m.c.

2 min.

Classe A

90 min.

982 2° C.

546-852 kg.

9'2go m.c.

2 min.

Protection partielle ...

Classe B

120 min.

982-2° C.

820-278 kg.

18-580 m.c.

2 min.

Classe A] 150 min. 982-2° C.

1093706 kg. 9-290 m.c.

2 min.

Protection entière ...

( Classe B 240 min. |982-2° C. 1367-130 kg.

18-580 m.c.

5 min.

T4

TABLEAU-TYPE DE LA RÉSISTANCE AU FEU DES CLOISONS.

Classification.

Subdivision,

Durée minimum de l’épreuve.

Température

minimum.

Epaisseur des matériaux.

Superficie minimum à soumettre à l’épreuve.

Durée minimum de la projection d’eau.

7-432 m.c. 2 min.

Classe A

45 min.

815-5° C.

051 m. et moins

Protection temporaire -

( Classe B

60 min.

815-5° C

Facultatif 7-432 m.c. 2 min.

Classe A

90 min. 982-2° C.

•063 m. et moins

7-432 m.c.

2 min.

Protection partielle

Classe B

120 min. 982-2° C.

Facultatif

7-432 m.c.

2 min.

Classe A

150 min.

982-2° C.

•063 m. et moins

7-432 m.c.

2 min.

Protection entière

-1

Classe B

240 min.

982-2° C.

Facultatif

7-432 m.c.

5 min.

TABLEAU-TYPE DE LA RÉSISTANCE AU FEU POUR DE SIMPLES PORTES OU SANS CHAMBRANLE.

Classification.

Subdivision.

Durée minimum de l'épreuve.

Température

minimum.

Epaisseur des matériaux.

Superficie minimum à soumettre à lepreuve.

Durée minimum de la projection d’eau.

Protection temporaire

05 t m. et moins

Classe A 45 min. 815-5° C.

Classe B 60 min. 815-5° C.

1-858 m.c. 2 min.

Facultatif 1858 m.c. 2 min.

Classe A 90 min.

982-2° C.

•063 m. et moins

1-858 m.c.

2 min.

Protection partielle ...

Classe B| 120 min.

982 2° C. Facultatif

1-858 m.c.

2 min.

150 min.

2 min.

Classe A

982-2° C.

•013 m. et moins

2-322 m.c.

Classe B

240 min.

82-2° C.

Facultatif

2-322 m.c.

5 min.

DIE FEUERSICHERHEITS NORMEN

DES

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE

ANGENOMMEN ALS

ALLGEMEINE NORMEN VOM INTERNATIONALEN FEUER-VERHÜTUNGS CONGRESS, LONDON, 1903.

Die folgenden Resolutionen sind die Congress-Beschlüsse :—•

Der Begriff “ Feuerfest.”

DER Kongress ist der Meinung, dass die Airwendung des Begriffes “feuerfest" (firc-proof) in Gross Britannien oft nicht die richtige Bezeichnung für Baumaterialien und Bauconstructionen ist, und hält cs für nötig, dass die Bezeichnung “feuerfest” (firc-proof) im geschäftlichen und technischen Verkehr nicht mehr gebraucht wird.

Der Begriff “Feuersicher

DER Kongress hält den Begriff “feuersicher” (ftre-resisting) mehr der Wirklichkeit der Verhältnisse entsprechend und empfiehlt das Wort “feuersicher” (fire-resisling) an Stelle des Wortes “feuerfest ” zu gebrauchen.

Klassen der Feuersicherheit.

DER Kongress ist :mit der Einteilung in verschiedene Klassen der Feuersicherheit, wie sie von dem British Fire Prevention Committee vorgeschlagen sind, einverstanden, und bestimmt, dass mau in Zukunft unterscheiden möge zwischen :

Zeitweiser

Feuersicherheit.

Teilweiser

Voller

Der Geschäftsausschuss des British Fire Prevention Committee hat dem allgemein verbreiteten Missbrauch der Bezeichnung feuerfest, die zur Zeit ohne Unterschied und oft ohne Berechtigung vielen Baumaterialien und Bauconstruktionen beigelegt wird, nachgeforscht und ist

i6

zu dem Schlüsse gekommen, dass es notwendig ist, diese Bezeichnung aus dem geschäftlichen, technischen und juristichen Sprachgebrauch zu verbannen.

Der Geschäftsausschuss hält die Bezeichnung feuersicher für empfehlenswerter und besser geeignet, die Fähigkeit der verschiedenen Baumaterialien und Con-struktionen zu kennzeichnen dem Feuer für kürzere oder längere Zeit bei hohen oder niederen Tempara-turen Widerstand zu leisten. Er schlägt daher vor statt feuerfest die Bezeichnung feuersicher anzuwenden.

Ferner ist der Geschäftsausschuss in Anbetracht der grossen Verschiedenheit der Feuersicherheit der Baumaterialien und Construktionen der Meinung, dass das Publikum, die Interessentenkreise und die Behörden genau unterscheiden müssen zwischen dem für verschiedene Arten von Gebäuden erforderlichen Grad des Feuerschutzes. Es bedarf doch z. B. ein mit feuergefährlichen Gütern angefülltes Warenhaus eines ganz anderen Feuerschutzes, als ein kleines Mietshaus in der Vorstadt.

Der Geschäftsausschuss will unterschieden sehen bei den feuersicheren Materialien und Bauconstruktionen, zwischen solchen, die zeitweisen, die teilweisen oder vollen Schutz gegen Feuer bieten und möchte nach diesen 3 Graden alle Baumaterialien und Construktionen klassifizieren. Die genaue Einteilung in die Klassen erfolgt nach dem Ergebnis zahlreicher Untersuchungen und Proben, sowie nach den bei Bränden gesammelten Erfahrungen unter sorgfältiger Berücksichtigung der dem praktischen Bauwesen gezogenen Schranken und der Kostenfrage. •

Die vom Geschäftsausschuss vorgeschlagenen Mindestforderungen an die Feuersicherheit der Baumaterialien oder Construktionen sind in den beigefütgen Tabellen enthalten für :

I. Feuersichere Fussböden und Decken.

II. Feuersichere Wände.

III. Feuersichere Türen.

Dieselben lassen sich kurz dahin zusammenfassen, dass die Klasse

zeitweiser Schutz Widerstand gegen Feuer für mindestens f Stunden,

J7

teilweiser Schutz Widerstand gegen heftiges Feuer für mindestens Stunden,

voller Schutz Widerstand gegen heftiges Feuer für mindestens 2^ Stunden voraussetzt.

Die genauen Bedingungen, unter denen dieser Widerstand geleistet werden muss, besonders hinsichtlich der Mindesttemperatur, Dicke des Materials, Belastung und in Bezug auf Bespritzen mit kaltem Wasser unter Druck werden die Jnteressenten leicht aus den Tabellen entnehmen können. Für das Publikum aber, auf dessen Jnter-esse an dieser Klassification grosser Wert gelegt werden muss, wird die Dauer des Widerstandes allein maasgebend sein.

Es ist wünschenswert, dass diese Klassification sowohl in England, als auch auf dem Continent und in den Vereinigten Staaten allgemein anerkannt werde und in Zukunft ein einheitliches Klassificationssystem in allen Ländern herrsche.

Mit den Vorarbeiten hierfür ist bereits begonnen worden.

Vorgeschlagen im Aufträge des Geschäftsausschusses.

Edwin O. Sachs, Vorsitzender.

Ellis Marsland, Ehrenschriftführer.

NORMEN EUER FEUERSICHERE FUSSBÖDEN U. DECKEN.

Klassifikation.

Untere Klasse.

Geringste Zeitdauer des Versuchs.

Minimum

Temperatur.

Belastung per q.m. Fläche.

Kleinste Fläche für den Test.

Geringste Zeit für das Bespritzen mit Wasser.

Klasse A 45 min.

815-5° C. Beliebig

9 290 q.m. 2 min.

Zeitweiser Schutz

Klasse B 60 min.

815-5° C. Beliebig

18-580 q.m. 2 min.

Klasse A

90 min.

982-2° C.

546-852 kg.

9-290 q.m

2 min.

Teilweiser Schutz ... -j

Klasse B

120 min.

982 2° C.

820-278 kg. 18-580 q.m.

2 min.

Klasse A

150 min.

982-2° C.

1093-706 kg.

9-290 q.m.

2 min.

Voller Schutz ...

Klasse B

240 min.

982-2° C.

1367-130 kg.

18-580 q.m.

5 min.

NORMEN FUER FEUERSICHERE ZWISCHEN-WAENDE.

Klassifikation. .

Untere Klasse.

Geringste Zeitdauer des Versuchs.

Minimum

Temperatur.

Dicke.

Kleinste .Fläche Bilden Test.

Geringste Zeit für das Bespritzen mit Wasser.

Klasse Al 45 min. 815-5° Ç.! 051 m. & unter.

Zeitweiser Schutz ... -j

7432 qm.!

2 min.

Klasse B 60 min. 815 50 C.

Beliebig j 7 432 q.m 2 min.

Klasse A

90 min.

982-2° C.

063 m. & unter

7 432 q.m. 2 min.

Teil weiser Schutz ... 4

Klasse B

120 min.

982-2° C.

Beliebig

7432 q-

m.!

2 min.

Klasse A 150 min. 982-2° C. 063 m. & untei j 7-432 q.m.

2 min.

Voller Schutz ...

I Klasse Bf 240 min. ;g82-2° Ç. j Beliebig

7 432 q.m.

5 min.

NORMEN FUER FEUERSICHERE EINZEL TUEREN.

Klassifikation.

Untere Klasse.

Sä

Minimum

Temperatur.

Dicke.

Kleinste Fläche für den Test.

Geringste Zeit für das Bespritzen mit Wasser.

Klasse A

45 min.

815-5° C.

051m. «unter 1858 q.m. 2 min.

Zeitweiser Schutz ...

Klasse B

60 min.

815-5° C.

Beliebig

1858 q.m. 2 min.

Klasse A 90 min.

982-2° C.

063 m. & unter

1-858 q.m.

2 min.

Teilweiser Schutz ... -j

Klasse B 120 min.

982-2° C.

Beliebig

1858 q.m.

2 min.

Klasse A

150 min.

982-2° C.

013 m. & unter

2-322 q.m.

2 min.

Voller Schutz ......

Klasse B

240 min.

982-2° C.

Beliebig

2-322 q.m.

5 min.

Fahr. Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

*1 = —17-2 2 = —16-6 3= -i6-i 4=-15*5 5=-i5*o 6= -14*4 7=-13*8 8= -13*3 9= -127 10= —12-2

101    = 38-3

102    = 38-8

51    = io*5

52    = 11*1

53    = 11-6 j 103 = 39*4

54=12-2 j 104 = 40-0 55 = 12*7    105=40*5

56=i3*3

57    = 13*8

58    = 14-4 59=15-0 60 = 15*5

106=41-1

107=41-6

108    = 42-2

109    = 42-7

110    = 43-3

11= - II-6 12 = — 11 ‘I

13= -io*5 14= — 10-0 15=- 9*4 16= - 8-8 17=- 8-3 18= - 7-7 19= - 7’2 20= — 6-6

-    6-i

-    5'5 23=- 5-0 24=- 4-4

25=- 3‘S

21

22

26

27

28

29

30

i'i

*31 = - 0-5 32= O'O 33= °'5 34= i’i 35= i‘6 36= 2*2 37= 27 38= 3*3 39= 3*8 40= 4-4

41= 5*o 42= 5*5

43= 6-i 44= 6*6 45= 7*2 46= 77 47= 87 48= 8-8

49= 9*4

50 = 10-0

61    = i6-i

62    = 16-6

63    = 17-2

64    = 177

65    = 18-3 66=18-8

67    = 19-4    117 = 47-2

68    = 20-0

69    = 20-5

70    = 21-1

71    = 21-6

72    = 22-2

73    = 22-7

74=23*3

75    = 23*8

76    = 24-4

77    = 25*o

78    = 25-5

79    = 26-1

80    = 26-6

81    =27-2

82    = 277

83    = 28-3

84    = 28-8

85    = 29*4

86    = 30-0

87    = 30-5

88    = 31-1

89    = 31-6

90    = 32-2

91=32-7

92    = 33*3

93    = 33*8

94    = 34*4

95    = 35*o

96    = 35*5

97    = 36-1

!    98=36-6

S 99 = 37*2

! 100=37-7

111=43-8 112 = 44-4 113=45-0 114=45-5

115    = 46-1

116    = 46-6

118    = 47-7

119    = 48-3 120=48-8

151=66-1 J 201= 93-8 152=66-6 I 202= 94-4 153 = 67-2

154=67-7 I 204= 95-5

155    = 68-3

156    = 68-8

157    = 69-4

158    = 70-0

159    = 70*5

160=71-1

161 = 71-6    !    211= 99-4

162=72-2    212 = 100-0

163    = 72-7

164    = 73*3 I 214=101-1

165    = 73*8    !    215 = 101-6

166    = 74-4

l67=75-0

168    = 75-5

169    = 76-1

170    = 76-6 I 220 = 104-4

203= 95-0

205= 96*1 206= 96-6 207= 97-2 208= 97-7 209= 98-3 210= 98-8

213 = 100-5

2l6= 102-2

217    = I02-7 I

218    = I03-3 2I9=I03-8

121    = 49-4

122    = 50-0

123    = 50*5

124    = 51-1

125    = 51-6

126    = 52-2

127    = 52*7

128    = 53*3

129    = 53*8

130    = 54*4

131    = 55*o

132    = 55*5

133    = 56*i I34=56*6

;    135 = 57*2

136    = 57*7

137    = 58*3

138    = 58-8

139    = 59*4 140=60-0

141    = 60-5

142    = 61-1

143    = 61*6 144=62-2 143=62-7

146    = 63-3

147    = 63-8

148    = 64-4 149=65-0

150 = 65-5

17¹    =77*2

172    = 77-7 i73=78*3 174=78-8

175    = 79*4    ; 225 = 107-2

176    = 80-0 j 226 = 107-7

177    = 80-5 I 227 = 108*3

178    = 81-1

179    = 81-6 I 229=109-4

180    = 82-2

221    = 105-0

222    = 105-5

223    = 106-1 224=106-6

228 = 108-8

230= 110-0

181 = 82-7 182=83*3

183    = 83-8    233 = 111-6

184    = 84-4

185    = 85-0

186    = 85-5

187    = 86-1

188    = 86-6

189    = 87-2

190    = 87-7    240=115-5

231    = 110*5

232    = 111-1

234= II2-2 235=112-7

236 = II3-3

237=II3-8

238=114-4

239=Il5-0

M M M hH I—IHM- HH

OvOO'OOOOnOOO

O O 00^1 O'Ul 4^ U) 14 H

= 88-3 = 88-8 = 89-4    ¹    243 = 117*2

=90*0 I 244=117-7 =90-5 =91-1 =91-6 i 247=119-4 = 92-2    !    248 = 120-0

= 92-7 I 249=120-5 = 93*3    250=121-1

241=ii6-i 242 = 116-6

243 = 118-3 246= 118-8

* Note.—The figures from 1 to 31 Fahr, in the Centigrade column are all minus 0 00 Cent.

Note.—To convert Fahr, into Cent, deduct 32. Multiply by 5, and then divide by 9.

Approximate !

Fahr.

Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

251=121-6

252    = 122-2

253    = 122-7

254=123-3 255=123-8 256= 124-4 257 = I25-0 258=I25-5 259 =120-1 260= 126-6

261    = I27-2

262    = 1277 263 = 128-3 264= 128-8 265= 129*4

266    = 130-0

267    = 130-5

268    = I31-I

269= 131-6 270= 132-2

271    = I32-7

272    = 133-3

273    = 133*8 274=134*4 275=135*0 276=I35*5

277    = 136-!

278    = 136-6 279=137-2 280= 137-7

281=138-3

282    = 138-8

283    = 139-4 284=140-0 285=140-5

286    = 141-1

287    = 141-6

288    = 142-2

289    = 142-7 290=143-3

291=143-8

292    = 144-4

293    = 145-0 294=145-5

2,95 = 146-1

296    = 146-6

297    = 147-2

298    = 14 7*7

299    = 148-3

300    = 148-8

800 = 426-6 j 1050 = 565-5 555 = 290-5    805 = 429-4    1055 = 568-3

810 = 432-2 i I060 = 57I-I «15 = 435-0 ! I065 = 573-8 570 = 298-8    820 = 4377    J    1970 = 576-6

825 = 440-5    1075 = 579-4

830 = 443-3 585 = 307-2    835 =    446-1

590 = 310-0    840 =    448-8

595 = 312-7    845 = 451-6    J    1095 = 590-5

600 = 315-5    ;    850 = 454-4    1100 = 593-3

605 = 318-3    j    855 = 457-2    1105 = 596-1

610 = 321-1    J    860 = 460-0

615 = 323-8    I    865 = 462-7

870 = 465-5 875 = 468-3 880 = 471-1

885 = 473-8 ! 1135 = 612-7 390 = 198-8    640 = 337-7    :    890 = 476-6    .    1140 = 615-5

395 = 201-6    645 = 340-5    895 = 479-4    '    1145=618-3

300=148-8    550 = 2877

305 = 151-6 310 = 154-4 i 560 = 293-3 315=157*2 ; 565=296-1

320= i6o-o 325 = 162-7 ; 575 = 301-6 330=165-5    580 = 304-4

335=168-3 340= 171-1 345 = 173*8

350= 176-6 355 = 179*4 360 = 182-2 365 = 185-0

370 = 187-7 I 620 = 326-6 375 = 190-5 380=193-3 385 = 196-1

625 = 329-4 630 = 332-2 635 = 335*0

650=343*3 ! 900=482-2 655=346*1 j 905=485*0

660=348-8 1    910=487-7

400=204-4 405=207-2 410=210-0

415=2127 1 665=351-6 j 915=490-5 420=215-5 425=218-3

430 = 221-1 435 = 223-8 440 = 226-6 445 = 229-4    695 = 368-3

670=354-4 1 920=493-3

675=357*2

680=360-0 685=3627 690=365-5

450=232-2    700 = 371-1

455=235*0 460 = 237-7 465 = 240-5 470 = 243-3 475 = 246-1 480 = 248-8 485 = 251-6 490=254-4

495 = 257*2 I 745 = 396*1

500 = 260-0 505 = 262-7 510=265-5 ; 760=404-4 515 = 268-3 520=271-1 525=273-8 530=276-6 535 = 279*4 540 = 282-2 545 = 285-o

1080 = 582-2 1085 = 585-0 1090 = 587-7

1110 = 598-8 1115 = 601-6 1120 = 604-4 1125 = 60 7-2 1130 = 610-0

1150=621-1 1155=623-8 1160=626-6

1165=629-4 1170=632-2

1175=635*0 1180=637-7 1185=640-5

925=496-1 930=498-8 935 = 5oi-6

940 = 504-4    1190 = 643-3

945 = 507*2

1195 = 646-1

950 = 510-0    1200 = 648-8

1205 = 651-6 960 = 515-5    1210 = 654-4

1215 = 657-2 970=521-1 J 1220=660-0 975 = 523*8    1225 = 6627

1230=665-5 985 = 529*4 I 1235 = 668-3 1240 = 671-1 995 = 535*0 I 1245 = 673-8

750 = 398-8 j 1000=537-7 I 1250 = 676-6 755 = 40l'6 I 1005 = 540-5 I 1255-679-4

I010 = 543-3 1260 = 682-2 765=407-2 ]0I5 = 546-1 I265 = 685-0 770=410-0 I 1020=548-8 ! 1270=687-7 775=412*7 1025 = 551-6 , 1275 = 690-5 780 = 415-5 1030=554-4 : 1280 = 693-3 785=418-3 : 1035 = 557-2 ; 1285 = 696-1 790=421-1 j 1040 = 560-0 j 1290=698-8 795 = 423*8 1045 = 5627 ' 1295 = 701-6

705 = 373*8    955=5127

710 = 376-6

715 = 379*4    965 = 5i8-3

720 = 382-2 725 = 385*o 73.0 = 387*7    980 = 526-6

735 = 390-5 740 = 393*3 I 990 = 532-2

Fahr. Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

Fahr. Cent.

1300 = 704-4 i305 = 707-2 1310 = 710-0 1315 = 712-7 1320 = 715-5 1325 = 718-3 1330 = 721-1 I335 = 723-8 1340 = 726-6 i345 = 729-4

l350 = 732-2 1355 = 735-0 1360 = 737-7 l365 = 740-5 1370 = 743-3 I375 = 746-i 1380 = 748-8 l385 = 75i-6 1390 = 754-4 1395 = 757-2

1400 = 760-0 1405 = 7627 1410 = 765-5 1415 = 768-3 1420 = 771-1 l425 = 773-8 1430 = 776-6 l435 = 779-4 1440 = 782-2 I445 = 785-o

1450 = 787-7 i455 = 790-5 1460 = 793-3 1465 = 796-I 1470 = 798-8 1475 = 801-6 1480 = 804-4 1485 = 807-2 1490 = 810-0 1495 = 812-7

1500 = 815-5 1505 = 818-3 1510 = 821-1 1515 = 823-8 1520 = 826-6 1525 = 829-4 1530 = 832-2 i535 = 835-0 1540 = 837-7 l545=840-5

1600 = 871-1 1605 = 873-8 1610 = 876-6 1615 = 879-4 1620 = 882-2 1625 = 885-0 1630 = 887-7 1635 = 890-5 1640 = 893-3 1645 = 896-1

1650 = 898-8 l655 = 90i-6 1660 = 904-4 1665 = 907-2 1670 = 910-0 1675 = 912-7 1680 = 915-5 1685 = 918-3

1690 = 921-1 1695 = 923-8

1700 = 926-6 l705 = 929-4 1710 = 932-2 l7l5 = 935-0 1720 = 9 37-7 1725 = 940-5 1730 = 943-3 1735 = 946-I 1740 = 948-8 1745 = 951-6

175o = 954-4 1755 = 957-2 1760 = 960-0 1765 = 9627 1770 = 965-5 l775 = 968-3 1780 = 971-1 i785 = 973-8 1790 = 976-6 i795 = 979-4

i55° = 843,3 I 1800= 982-2    2050 = 1121-1    2300 = 1260-0

I555 = 846-I    1805= 985-0    2055=II23-8    2305 = I262-7

1560 = 848-8 I 1810= 987-712060 = 1126-6 2310=1265-5 1565 = 851-6    1815= 990-5    2065 = 1129-4    2315 = 1268-3

1570 = 854-4    1820= 993-3    2070=1132-2    2320=1271-1

1575=857-2    1825= 996-1    2075=1135-0    2325=1273-8

1580 = 860-0    1830= 998-8 j    2080 = 1137-7    2330 = 1276-6

1585=862-7    1835=1001-6    2085=1140-5    2335=1279-4

1590 = 865-5    1840 = 1004-4 ¹    2090 = 1143-3    2340 = 1282-2

1595=868-3    1845 = 1007-2    2095=1146-1    2345=1285-0

1850=1010-0 I    2100 = 1148-8    2350= 1287-7

1855 = 10127 I    2105=1151-6    2355 = 1290-5

1860=1015-5 ! 2110=1154-4 j 2360=1293-3 1865=1018-3 j 2115=1157-2 j 2365=1296-1 1870=1021-1    2120=1160-0    2370=1298-8

1875=1023-8    2125=1162-7    2375=1301-6

l88o=I026-6 ;    2130=1165-5    2380=1304-4

1885 = 1029-4 I    2135=1168-3    2385=1307-2

1890=1032-2    2140=1171-1    2390=1310-0

1895 = 1035-0    2145=1173-8    2395=1312-7

1900=10377    2150=1176-6    2400=1315-5

1905=1040-5 ¹    2155=1179-4    2405=1318-3

1910=1043-3 I 2160=1182-2 ! 2410=1321-1 1915=1046-1 I 2165=1185-0 ! 2415=1323-8 1920 = 1048-8    2170=11877    2420 = 1326-6

1925=1051-6    2175=1190-5    2425=1329-4

1930=1054-4 ' 2180=1193-3 ! 2430=1332-2 1935 = 1057.2 2185=1196-! ' 2435=1335-0 1940=1060-0 I 2190=1198-8 i 2440=1337-7 I945=I062-7    2195=1201-6    2445=1340-5

1950=1065-5    2200=1204-4    2450=1343-3

1955=l068-3 ;    2205=1207-2    2455=1346-1

1960=1071-1    2210=1210-0    J    2460=1348-8

1965=1073-8    22l5=12I2-7    2465=1351-6

1970=1076-6 I    2220 = 1215-5    i    ²47°=I354'4

1975 = 1079-4 ,    2225=1218-3    I    2475=1357-2

1980=1082-2 ¹    2230=1221-1    j    2480=1360-0

1985 = 1085-0    2235 = 1223-8    2485=1362-7

1990 = 1087-7    2240=1226-6'    2490=1365-5

1995 = 1090-5    2245=1229-4    2495=1368-3

2000 = 1093-3    2250 = 1232-2    I    2500 = 1371-1

2005=1096-1    2255 = 1235-0    2505 = 1373-8

2010=1098-8    2260 = 1237-7    1    2510=1376-6

2015 = 1101-6    2265 = 1240-5    2515=1379-4

2020=1104-4    2270=1243-3    2520=1382-2

2025=1107-2 ;    2275=1246-1    2525=1385-0

2030=1110-0 ¹    2280=1248-8    ,    2530=1387-7

2035 = 1112-7    2285 = 1251-6    I    2535 = 1390-5

2040=1115-5    2290=1254-4    2540=1393-3

2045=1118-3    2295=1257-2    2545 = 1396-1

INCHES AND FRACTIONS OF INCHES CONVERTED INTO MÈTRES.

Ins. 0

10

11 12

•0254

■0508

•0762 -1016 1270

•1524 1-1778

•2032

•2286

•2540

•2793

•3047

16

•0015 -0269

•0523

0777 -1032

•1286

•1539

•1793

■2047

•2301

•2555

•2809

IS

•0031 -0285

•0539

■0793 -1047

1301

■1555

1809

•2063

■2317

•2571

•2825

•0047

0301

0555

•0809

•1063

1317 i -1571

•1825

•2079

•2333

•2587

•2841

itf

•0063

•0317

•0571

•C825

•1079 -1333 1587

•1841

•2095

•2349

•2603

■2857

is

•0079

0333

•0587

•0841

■1095

•1349 -1603

•1857

•2111

•2365 -2619

■2873

■0095

•0349

•0603 i -0857

1111

•1365 -1619 1873

•2127

•2381

•2635

•2889

is

0111

•0365

0619

0873

•1127

•1381 1635

•1889

•2143

•2397

•2651

•2905

is

•0127

•0380

•0635

•0888

•1143

1397 1651 1905

•2159

■2413

•2667

•2920

is

0142

•0396

•0650

•0904

1158

•1412 1666 i 1920

•2174

•2428

•2682

•2936

•0158

0412 -0366

•0920

1174

•1428 -1682 -1936

•2190

•2444

•2698

•2952

ll

•0174

•0428

0682

•0936

1190

•1444

•1698

•1952

•2206

■2460

•2714 '2968

■0190

•0444

•0698

•0952

•1206

•1460 1-1714

•1968

•2222 ‘2476

•2730

•2984

it

•0206

•0460

•0714

•0968

•1222

•1476

•1730

•1984

•2238

•2492

•2746

•3000

•0222 -0476

•0730

•0984

•1238 ¹ -1492 -1746

•2C00

•2254

■2508

•2762

•3016

it

■0238

•0492

•0746

•1000

1254 -1508

•1762 . '2016

•2270

•2524

2778

•3032

il

Ins.

10

11

Ins.

Feet

0"

3"

6"

9"

0"

FEET AND INCHES CONVERTED INTO MÈTRES.

Mètres

Feet

7' 6"

Mètres Feet

Mètres

Feet

I Mètres

2-2859

15' 0"

4-5718

22' 6"

6-8577

=    0-0762

=    0-1524

= 02286

1'    =    0-3047

0-3808

=    0-4571

=    0-5333

2-3621

4-6479

6-9339

8'

b CO

9' 0"

2-4383

4-7242

23' 0"

7-0101

2-5144

4-8004

7-0862

2-5907

2-6669

2-7431

2-8192

16' r," =

4-8766

71625

4-9527

7 2387

5-0290

5-1052

24' 0"

7-3149

7-3910

2' 0"

0-6095

-    2-8955

17' 0" =

5-1814

74673

0-6856

=    2-9717

5-2575

CO

7-5435

0-7619

10' 0"

0-8381

3' 0"

0-9143

= | 3-0479 3-1240 3-2003

18' 0" =

5-3338

5-4100

5-4862

25'

7-6197

7-6958

7-7721

3 =    0-9904

6 J 1-0667 9 =    11429

11' 0"

3-2765

5 5623

7-8483

3-3526

5-6386

26' O''

7-9245

3-4287

5-7148

80006

4'

1-2191

3-5050

19' 0"

5-7910

8-0769

cc co

1-2952

3-5812

5-8671

8-1531

1-3715

12' O''

3-6574

5-9434

27' O''

8-2293

1-4477

37335

6-0196

8-3054

5' 0"

1-5239

3-8098

20' 0"

6-0958

=    8-3817

1-6000

3-8860

6-1719

8-4579

1-6763

13' 0"

39622

6-2482

28' 0"

8-5341

1-7525

4-0383

6-3244

8-6102

6' 0" =

1-8287

4-1146

21' 0"

64005

8-6865

1-9048

4-1908

64766

8.7627

1-9811

14' 0"

4-2670

6-5529

29' 0"

8-8389

2-0573

4-3431

6-6291

8-9150

7'

CO o

2-1335

4-4194

22' 0"

6-7053

8-9913

2-2096

4-4956

6-7814

9-0675

Lbs.

Kilos.

Iable oe Kilogrammes Equivalent to Lbs. Avoirdupois.

Lbs. Kilos. Lbs. Kilos. Lbs.

Kilos.

Lbs.

Kilos.

Lbs.

Kilos.

•4536    51=23-1332

52=23-5868 53=24-0404 54=24-4940

55 = 24-9476

56=25-4012 57=25-8548 58=26-3084 59=26-7620

2= -9072 3= 1-3608 4= 1-8143 5= 2-2680 6= 2-7216 7= 3-175I 8= 3-6287 9= 4-0823 I0= 4-5360    60=27-2156

160= 72-5749 170= 77-1108 180= 81-6467 190= 86-1827 200= 90-7185 210= 95-2545 220= 99-7904 230=104-3263 240=108-8616

11=    4-9895    61 =    27-6691

12=    5-4431    62 =    28-1227

13= 5-8967    63=28-5763

14=    6-3503    64 =    29-0299

15=    6-8039    65 =    29-4835

16= 7-2575 17= 7-7111 18= 8-1647 19= 8-6183 20= 9-0718

21= 9-5255 22= 9-9790

23    = 10-4326

24    = 10-8862

25    = 11-3398

26    = 11-7934

27    = 12-2470

28    = 12-7000 29=13-1542 30=13-6078

66    = 29-9371

67    = 30-3907 68=30-8443 69 = 31-2979 7o=3i-75i5

71    = 32-2051

72    = 32-6587

73    = 33-1122

74    = 33-5658 75=34-0194

76    = 34-4730

77    = 34-9266

78    = 35-3802 79=35-8338 80 = 36-2874

31    = 14-0614    81 = 36-7410

32    = 14-5150    82 = 37-1946

33    = 14-9686    83=37-6482

34=15-4222    84=38-1018

35 = i5-8757    85 = 38-5554

36=16-3293    86=39-0090

37    = 16-7829    87=39-4626

38    = 17-2365    88 = 39-9162

39=17-6901    89=40-3697

40=18-1437    90=40-8233

41    = 18-5973

42    = 19-0509

43    = 19-5045 44=19-9581

45    = 20-4117

46    = 20-8653    96=43-5449

47    = 21-3189

48    = 21-7725

49=22-2260 50 = 22-6796    100=45-5393

91=41-2769 92=41-7305 93=42-1841 94=42-6377 95 = 43-0913

97=43-9985

98=44-4521

99=44-9057

=45'8i29 =46-2665 =467201 =47-1736 =47-6273 =48-0809

=48-5344 =48-9880 =49-4416 =49-8953 ! 250=113-398

=50-3488 =50-8024 =51-2560 =51-7096 = 52-1632 =52-6168

=53-0704 =53-5240 =53-9776 i 340=154-222 =54-4312 350=158-757

=54-8848 =55-3382

=55-7919 =56-2454

= 56-6991 =57-1526 =57-6063 I 420=190-509 =58-0598 I 430=195-045 =58-5135 440=199-581 =58-9670 450=204-117

=59-4207

=59-8742 =60-3279 =607814 =61-2350 500=226-796 =61-6886 510=231-332 520=235-868 530=240-404 540 = 244-940 550 = 249-476

=63-9566    560=254-012

=64-4102 570=258-548 =64-8638 580=263-084 =65-3174 590 = 267-620 =65-7710 600=272-156 =66-2244 610=276-691 =66-6780 ; 620=281-227 =67-1316 i 630=285-763 =67-5852 ; 640=290-299 =68-0388 I 650=294-835

260= 117-934 270= 122-470 280=127-000 290=131-542 300=136-078 310= 140-614 320=145-150 330= 149-686

3200= 1451-498 3250=1474-178 3300=1496-858 335o=i5i9-537 3400=1542-217 3450=1564*897 3500=1587-576 3550=1610-256 3600= 1632-935 3650=1655-615

1200= 544-311    3700=1678-294

1250= 566-991 3750=1700-974

1300= 589-671    3800=1723-653

1350= 612-351 3850=1746-333 1400= 635*030 3900=1769-012 1450= 657-710 3950=1791-692 1500= 680-389 4000=1814-371 1550= 703-069 4050=1837-051 1600= 725749 I 4100=1859-730 1650= 748-429 4150=1882-410

700= 317-515 750= 340-194 800= 362-874

850= 385-554

900= 408-233 950= 430-913

1000= 453-593

1050= 476-272 ¹ 1100= 498-952 1150= 521-632

360=163-293

370=167-829

380=172-365

390=176-901

400=181-437

410=185-973

1700= 771-108 ! 4200=1905-089 1750= 793-788 ! 4250=1927-769 1800= 816-467 j 4300=1950-449 1850= 839-147 : 4350=1973-128 1900= 861-826 J 4400=1995-808 1950= 884-506 4450=2018-488 2000= 907-185 4500=2041-167 2050= 929-865 4550=2063-847 ; 2100= 952-545 4600=2086-526 2150= 975-225 4650=2109-206

460=208-653

470=213-189

480=217-725

490=222-260

=62-1422

=62-5958

=63-0494

=63-5030

2200= 997-904 ] 4700=2131-886 2250=1020-58414750=2154-565 2300=1043-26314800=2177-245 2350=1065-943 ! 4850=2199-925 2400=1088-622 2450=1111-302 2500=1133-981 2550=1156-661 2600=1179-341 2650=1202-021

2700=1224-700 2750=1247-380 2800=1270-059

2850=1292-739

2900= 1315-419 2950= 1338-099 3000= 1360779 3050=1383-459

3100=1406-138 I 5600=2540-118 3150=1428-818 5650=2562-798

4900=2222-604

4950=2245-284

5000=2267-963

5050=2290-643

5100=2313-322

5150=2336-002

5200=2358-681

5250=2381-361

5300=2404-041

5350=2426-720

5400=2449-400

5450=2472-079

5500=2494-759

5550=2517-438

Approximate !

Note :

Do not multiply these figures.

i Kilogramme = 2-2046213 lbs. avoirdupois.

i Cvvt. = 112 lbs. = 50-8024 Kilogrammes, i Ton = 2,240 lbs. = 1016-048 Kilogrammes. 1 Gramme = 15-432349 Grains.

THE

EXCELSIOR 0 PHŒNIX

THE

British Fire Prevention Committee

[Founded 1897.—Incorporated 1899.]

Offices :—1, WATERLOO PLACE, PALL MALL, LONDON, S.W.

ANNOUNCEMENTS AND ADVERTISEMENTS

(FOR RATES APPLY TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY).

FIRE.

“ MACK ”

PARTITIONS

SOUND.

CEILINGS, PUGGING, ETC.

Adopted by H.M. Office of Works, H.M. Admiralty, H.M. War Department, London County Council, and Leading Architects.

“ MACK ” Slabs have been adopted in the alterations of the Royal Apartments, Windsor Castle; also at Sandringham House, Eton College, and Bolton Hall (Lord Bolton's Residence), in the re-construction after fires.

TESTED BY THE BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE.

“MACK” in several instances has saved buildings from destruction by fire.

J. A. KING & CO.,

HEAD OFFICE

BRIDGE HOUSE (Next Blackfriars Bridge),

181, QUEEN VICTORIA STREET,

LONDON, E.C.

WORKS :—Hayes, Middlesex, and

Rawcliffe, Yorks.

TELEGRAMS: “KINOYIQUE,

LONDON.”

TELEPHONE: 773 CENTRAL.

RECENT PUBLICATIONS

OF THE

BRITISH FIRE PREVENTION COMMITTEE.

B.    International Fire Prevention Congress, London, 1903 ;

The Official Report, comprising some Thirty Papers, etc. With Illustrations

C.    International Fire Exhibition, London, 1903; The Official

Record. With Illustrations

5. d.

... 17 6

... 15 0

No. 81. The Fire at the Iroquois Theatre, Chicago No. 82. The B.F.P.C. Standards of Fire Resistance No. 83. Reports on Fire Tests (A Partition by Jabez Thompson)    2 6

No. 84. Reports on Fire Tests (A Partition by |abez Thompson)    2 6

No. 83. Fire Protection on Board Ship

For List of previous Publications see No. 78, or apply to

The Assistant Secretary, B.F.P.C., 1, Waterloo Place, London, S.IF.

83. II. a.

EXCELSIOR 0 PHŒNIX

FIRE-RESISTING SLABS.

ARTITION.

HARD, SOLID (not hollow), LIGHT.

No Wetting Before Plastering.

Tested by the British Fire Prevention Committee.

163. PALMERSTON HOUSE, E.C.

You must Protect yourselves against Fire•

Do you appreciate what the great fires in Baltimore, Rochester, and Toronto have demonstrated?

The British Fire Prevention Committee will shortly test Polished and Plain Wire Glass, and you will be interested in the results and the lessons to be learned from these tests.

The BROWNSYILLE CO., PITTSBURG, PA., U.S.A., are shortly to erect a plant in England to supply both Plain and Polished Wire Glass to meet the demand for this product.

Address for the present:

! Wire Glass !

PLAIN and POLISHED.

J. RAMSEY SPEER, CARLTON HOTEL, PALL MALL, S.W.

82 III. a.

Telephone: 5203 GERRARD.

PLAIN !

“WIRE GLASS.”

POLISHED !

Telegrams: c/o “MOONLIGHT,” LONDON.

Petrolite Ltd.

FOR LIGHT, HEAT, AND POWER.

The Improved Incandescent Portable Gas Lamp

Will be Tested by the British Fire Prevention Committee.

A SELF-CONTAINED GAS WORKS.

BRILLIANT, STEADY, SAFE, ECONOMICAL.

NO WICK. NO LOOSE LIQUID. NO SMOKE. NO DANGER. NO SMELL.

Lights Instantaneously,

and if by accident overturned goes out Automatically.

66, BERNERS ST., OXFORD ST., W.

Columbian Fireproofing Co.,

Telephone : 5060 BANK.

37, KING WILLIAM STREET,

LONDON, E.C.

Ltd.,

Telegrams :

“CICADARUM, LONDON.”

L.

Mi

4M

Gold

Medal

for

it 1« - ---- vfc**

31

■SSST/v,

• ' \v\

!6

i'sas

CÖ

"C3

Medal

for

Fire

Fire

Resisting

Floors.

Roofs.

SHEFFIELD DAILY TELEGRAPH BUILDING,

FLEET STREET, LONDON.

Entire Floors and Roof of this Building constructed after the ‘Columbian System,” by the COLUMBIAN FIREPROOFING CO., Ltd.

Tested by the British Fire Prevention Committee.

ECONOMICAL DESIGNING OF STEEL & CONCRETE

FLOOR & ROOF CONSTRUCTION.

J. D. O’BRIEN,

Sec. and Managing Director,

82. IV.

Constructional Steel Works, Grove Road, St. John’s Wood.

ENWIN BROTHERS, LIMITED, THE GRESHAM PRESS, WOKING AND LONDON.