ggj

....... ^    ~ -y    ==Hr.n :-

1

-

: : r::'r: ~ ~ f'; I:;.. J i:*: r HZZ;

gaSSSa

■

'

.f.

m

■    , ,,    •    J — Vv„ ;

d

f

■

s

'

|

i

: i

\

m

&

y*

1

iPgl ®F

Biblioteka Politechniki Krakowskiej

saej

m

$    Compliments of    *

* Henry Wayland Hill, *

Senator, 46th District.

*

i

*

./ *

i- ••►

: •

V

U *

■%

•.,***'•

. m

1

.

--i

r

o

' . ■ ' i -• \

O '    *

*5

tt

<s \ \

A*

j^WKWttS

y.\MlifA907

^ ANNUAL REPORT

OF THE

State Engineer and Surveyor

OF THE

STATE OF NEW YORK

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

raj

i\

xt

IIH

yII ...

Y^||ffTs|

^£AcklS\0^

«*l*»

-*^4/

{{O/ywtJy

TRANSMITTED TO THE LEGISLATURE MARCH 28, 1906.

ALBANY

BRANDOW PRINTING COMPANY

i

State of New York.

No. 36.

IN ASSEMBLY,

March 28. 1906.

[ANNUAL REPORTj

OF THE

STATE ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR

OF NEW YORK

Office of the State Engineer and Surveyor,

Albany, N. Y., March 28, 1906.

To the Honorable the Speaker of the Assembly:

Sir.—I have the honor to transmit herewith my annual report for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905.

Very truly yours,

HENRY A. VAN ALSTYNE, State Engineer and Surveyor.

krak6w

II &54H

Ty AhjW ⁵

*    X>\

C-

ET

sty

&i'n #

«. _____

REPORT.

To the Honorable the Legislature of the State of New York:

I have the honor to present herewith my second annual report as State Engineer and Surveyor of New York.

This report gives the details of the manner in which this Department has carried out the duties with which it is charged by the provisions of the Constitution of the State, by the Revised Statutes, and by laws passed at each session of the Legislature, which duties comprise the design and the supervision⁻of the engineering operations involved in the construction and maintenance of the public works of the State. These works are constantly increasing in variety and extent, as are the duties and responsibilities connected with them, to which, are added the further duties of the office of State Engineer, which result from his membership of the various boards and commissions, from which many subjects are referred to him for examination and report.

These boards and their duties are as follows:

The Canal Board.—Controlling the construction and maintenance of canals.

The Board of Commissioners of the Land Office.—Controlling the sale and purchase of State lands, and the granting of lands under water.

The Board of State Canvassers.—Canvassing the returns of elections.

The Board of Equalization of Assessment.—Equalizing the assessment of State taxes among the several counties.

The River Improvement Commission.—Regulating the flow of watercourses in aid of the public health and safety, as provided by chapter 734 of the laws of 1904.

The duties entailed by membership of these various commissions and boards are additional to the principal duty of the State Engineer and Surveyor, which continues to be the design, construction and maintenance of the canal system of the State, and all such extensions and enlargements thereof as may be required by the Legislature and by the people of the State.

Making the surveys, preparing the plans, awarding contracts and supervising the construction of improved highways throughout the State under the provisions of chapter 115 of the laws of 1898, and supervising the maintenance of these improved highways by the local officials, are duties of which the State Engineer and Survevor has sole charge, resulting in the construction by State aid of important and useful public works, which are gradually reaching all counties of the State, many of which have not heretofore received the direct benefits of State expenditures. As a result of the manner in which the building of highways has been conducted by this Department, this is becoming one of the most important branches of State work, and the one which attracts the greatest amount of public attention.

CANAL MAINTENANCE.

During the past year the maintenance of the present canal system has been continued under provisions of the usual and special acts of the Legislature, the design and construction of the various works specified by these acts having been carried on under the direction of the State Engineer.

The specifications, which describe in detail the methods of construction, have been modified wherever necessary in order to be kept in accord with the latest and most approved methods which are employed by engineers on the design and construction of similar works, and the preparation of these standard specifications has received continued attention.

The constantly increasing use of Portland cement concrete as a substitute for the more expensive cut-stone masonry, which has formerly been used, has been recognized as one of the features of modern and improved construction, and the requirements and the tests of Portland cement have been advanced and modified to accord with the great improvement made in recent years by American manufacturers. The best laboratories in this,and other States have been visited, and their methods considered and adopted where it was thought desirable to do so, with the result that none but the best qualities of cement are used on State work.

The statement of engineering expenses for maintenance during the fiscal year and of the pending and completed contracts for the various works appears at page 224 of this report, and is also given in detail in the appended reports of the three division engineers at pages 261, 312 and 361.

HIGHWAY IMPROVEMENT.

The improvement of our wagon roads, which constitute a very important and necessary part of the transportation system of the State, continues to receive the attention of the people to a greater degree than ever before in our history.

In 1898, following the example set by New Jersey in 1891, Massachusetts in 1893 and Connecticut in 1895, there was inaugurated a new departure in road administration in New York State, that of State aid in road construction and maintenance. The Legislature of 1898 enacted the Higbie-Armstrong and Fuller-Plank laws. These laws are destined to work most important and radical changes in highway improvement and to promote the general prosperity and welfare of the State. With the subsequent amendments and supplemental laws, they provide a wise, comprehensive and systematic plan for the improvement of the wagon roads of the State. The framers of these laws were wise enough not to attempt to revolutionize in a day a system that had existed for a century or to force a new system upon the conservative, rural towns against their wishes.

These State aid laws are not forced on the people, but they take effect and become operative only at the option of those concerned,— on the request of the board of supervisors of a county in case of the Higbie-Armstrong law, and by a majority vote of the town desiring the money system of maintenance in case of the Fuller-Plank law.

Higbie-Armstrong Law.

By the terms of the Higbie-Armstrong law the State invites every county to improve its more important highways, and, as an inducement to accept the invitation, offers to pay fifty per cent of the cost of improvement. It also provides that thirty-five per cent of the cost shall be a general county charge and the remaining fifteen per cent must be borne either by the town in which the road is located, or by the owners of adjacent lands. It should be constantly kept in mind that prior to the year 1898 the town had to pay the entire cost of any highway improvement within its limits, instead of having to pay but fifteen per cent, as above mentioned.

It is thus seen that the State provides, through the Higbie-Armstrong law, the necessary machinery, but it has left to the option of each county as to whether or not the machinery shall be placed in operation. If the county desires to accept the invitation to have any particular portion of road improved, the county, through its board of supervisors, requests the State Engineer to survey the road and to prepare plans, specifications and an estimate of the cost of the improvement. When the plans and specifications are prepared by the State Engineer they are submitted to the board of supervisors, and, if satisfactory, they are approved by them and an appropriation is made for the county’s share of the cost. When the State’s share of the cost is made available by the Legislature, a contract for the improvement of the road is awarded to the lowest responsible bidder, after due advertisement for two weeks in a paper published in the county seat of the county wherein the road is located and in other State papers. The town or county may bid for the work, and, if they are the lowest bidders, may take the contract and construct the road and have the State pay one-half of its cost.

Under the Higbie-Armstrong law, up to October 1, 1905, 5,700 miles of road have been petitioned for by the boards of supervisors of fifty counties.

Three thousand and five miles of road have been surveyed.

Plans for 2,300 miles of road have been prepared by the State Engineer.

The plans and specifications for 1,810 miles of road have been approved by the State Engineer and counties, and the counties’ share of the estimated cost has been appropriated.

Seven hundred miles of road have already been improved or are now being improved.

Six million three hundred thousand dollars of State and county money has been expended since 1898 in surveys, plans and construction.

Comparison of Progress During Period in which the State Aid Law has been in Operation in New York State, October 1, 1905.

During

Year.

Total

State appropriations.

Total appropriations by counties.

Total mileage covered by first petitions to date.

Total

Total

mileage of | mileage of roads    ;    completed

adopted by    j    improved

counties.    ¹    roads.

1898

1899

1900

1901

1902

1903

1904

1905

$50,000

50,000

150,000

420,000

795,000

600,000

1,108,265

50,000

$63,872 42,876 431,227 1,055,874 1,748,115 2,198,623 2,032,855 480,000

502

157

155

495

1,106 1 ,728 1,323

127

21

130

35

247

418

427

422

118

20

126

112

158

100

Total...

$3,223,265

$8,053,442

5,593

1,792

556

One-half of the necessary funds for the improvement of 1,792 miles has been provided by the counties within which the several roads are located. The State has appropriated, up to October, 1, 1905, sufficient money to provide for its one-half of 704 miles of this 1,792, leaving 1,088 miles yet to provide for. Of the 704 miles, 556 are completed and in use and about 148 miles are now under contract and will be completed early in the year 1906. The 1,088 miles will be taken up for construction as soon as sufficient funds are provided by the Legislature.

Fuller-Plank Law.

By the terms of the Fuller-Plank law, enacted in 1898, the State invites every town to improve its less important roads; to abandon the inefficient labor-tax system of maintenance; and to substitute the money-tax system of maintenance for all of its roads. As an additional inducement for the towns to accept this invitation, the State offers to pay an amount equal to fifty per cent of the amount levied for the repair and permanent improvement of the highways of each town.

The voters of 416 towns have decided to accept this invitation and have adopted the money system of maintenance. These towns contain about 36,000 miles of road, or nearly one-half of the roads of the entire State. They also contain the most intelligent, progressive and influential people of New York State. The rapid progress made during the last seven years in the number of towns adopting this law is shown in the following table:

Year.

Number of counties benefited.

Number of towns receiving State aid.

Number of miles of highways under the money system.

Amount of State aid paid to the towns.

Amount expended by towns.

1899

43

1900

14

1901

21

75

100

1902

24

1903.

1904.

1905.

44

139

258

51

54

370

416

3,696 6,497 7,521 11,681 24,372 30,952 36,100

$34,517 00 54,057 00 67,655 00 102,509 00 272,249 00 393,493 00 483,355 27

$138,070 00 222,767 00 269,994 00 419,491 00 672,734 00 917,873 00 1,062,803 22

-Total...

$1,407,835 27

$3,703,732 22

Section 55-c of the Highway Law, enacted in 1904, requires commissioners of highways in the towns of the State which have adopted the money system of highway tax, to comply with the directions of the State Engineer and Surveyor, and in addition thereto with the plans, specifications, rules and regulations of the county engineer, if there be one, when approved by the State Engineer and Surveyor, for the repair and maintenance of the highways thereof; and the State Engineer and Surveyor may, by notice to the Comptroller, cause him to withhold the moneys otherwise due from the State, under section 53, from any town in which the highway commissioners shall have failed to comply with his directions.

Acting under this law, the State Engineer proposes to require in the future that the money be expended in these towns in the manner provided for in the agreement between the highway commissioners and the members of the town board, and such agreement must be on file in the State Engineer’s office. He also proposes to require that a system of accounting and reports be made to him annually, showing precisely where and when all moneys are expended for labor or materials by each highway commissioner during the preceding year, and to whom said moneys were paid. A copy of this report will be placed on file in the offices of the county clerk and of the town clerk for the information of any citizen interested in the matter. The condition of the roads and the methods of administration pursued by highway commissioners will be made the subject of an inspection on the ground by competent men at least once a year and as much oftener as is possible.

The State Engineer desires the support and co-operation of all citizens and officials interested in the improvement of the highways of this State, to the end that the $1,500,000 now expended annually by the towns and by the State in the 416 towns under the money system may be spent to the best advantage and with the highest degree of efficiency and skill.

jj? Another important law recently enacted is section 55 of the Highway Law, permitting the board of supervisors of each county to appoint a county engineer or county superintendent of highways. Acting under this law, the following 11 counties have appointed a county engineer or county superintendent of highways: Dutchess, Erie, Herkimer, Monroe, Orange, Rockland, Ulster, Westchester, Oneida, Onondaga and Lewis.

One of the most important features of the Higbie-Armstrong and Fuller-Plank laws is the principle of State aid to the rural towns in the construction and maintenance of their highways. Instead of the whole cost of improving and maintaining the 74,000 miles of wagon roads being paid by less than 20 per cent of the population and assessed on town property aggregating less than 10 per cent of the total valuation of the State, only 15 per cent is assessed directly upon the town property under the Higbie-Armstrong law; the 35 per cent assessed upon the counties is distributed upon all the wealth in the cities and incorporated villages located within the county. Under both laws the portion paid by the State, under the system of indirect taxation prevailing in New York State, is almost entirely paid from the taxes on corporations, decedents’ estates, the liquor tax, stock transfer tax and the mortgage tax.

Recommendations.

Maintenance of State-built Roads.

I would recommend that the roads improved under the Higbie-Armstrong law be maintained by the State from funds obtained

bjr the taxes now paid by the abutting property owners and from a tax to be paid by owners of automobiles for licenses, supplemented by such State money as might be necessary to keep the roads in a proper state of repair. This last amount should not be much greater than is now paid out by the State under the Fuller-Plank law toward maintaining the State-built roads in the money-system towns.

Prison Labor for Highway Improvement.

It is probable that, in the near future, the State will have to provide a new prison. I would respectfully recommend that the site of this prison be located where the able-bodied male prisoners may be usefully employed in operating a plant for crushing stone to be used in the building and repairing of State, county and town roads and such other public improvements as may require the use of broken stone. During the construction of the Barge canal there will be millions of cubic yards of rock excavated at different places along the line of the canal and placed in spoil banks, where, under the terms of the contract, the excavated rock remains the property of the State. I would suggest that the site of the prison be located on the west bank of the Hudson river where trap rock can be used without injury to the scenery of the Palisades, or adjacent to one of the spoil banks where the stone necessarily excavated for the Barge canal may be crushed for use on public roads and works of the State.

Shade Trees.

I would recommend that the Higbie-Armstrong law be amended in such a way as to permit the planting of shade trees on roads that are macadamized. These trees will eventually keep the shaded macadam road from drying and raveling out and thus decrease the cost of maintenance. They would add greatly to the attractiveness of our rural roads at a comparatively small cost. Some provision in the law should also be made to prevent the abutting property owners from destroying and interfering with these trees in any wTay without consent of the State official in charge of highway work.

Power to Prosecute.

I also advise that the State Engineer be given power to prosecute, in the proper courts, people who injure the improved roads by drawing loads of more than three tons on narrow tires, or who fill up the ditches or culverts, or interfere with the drainage of the road in any way.

Supervisors* Convention.

It has been found that the most effective way to discuss the subject of highway improvement by State aid, has been for representatives of the various counties to meet at Albany in a convention and there to consider and discuss the various aspects of the subject.

The sixth annual convention of this character was held in Albany on January 24 and 25, 1905, and the proceedings were published in Bulletin No. 9 of this Department. This Bulletin, with illustrations showing roads built in various parts of the State, and with several interesting papers and reports on road-building in this and other States, was published in pamphlet form, and has been widely circulated throughout the State.

The seventh annual convention will be held in Albany at such time as this Department and the supervisors’ highway executive committee may determine, and in view of the increased interest in highway improvement consequent to the $50,000,000 bonding scheme, it is expected that this convention will surpass all others in attendance, interest and importance.

Roads for which Contracts have been awarded under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898, to October 1, 1905.

broken; st, stone; sam, same; sh, shale.    ____ _

is

Per

mile.

05 lO r—(CO OO (NrHCONN'N N N 05 T—t CO rH

GO''* OOt^ 00*0^0

10,741

13,327

7,437

10,333

'8,640

hiOOCOOOONOh vH rH i-H    T-H rH

9,449

Materials.

Whole.

$16,517 51 30,928 60 24,294 57 16,338 24 9,992 87 13,898 70 40,013 89 23,672 80

12,889 56

7,729 93

7,437 26 10,642 75

20 ’,903'64

"7',242'67 30,040 00 6,192 33 27,392 18 28,014 53 31,520 00 10,487 32 35,507 93 17,356 04

00

a

Per

cent

com

pleted.

Top.

(Usually 2 inches thick after rolling.)

Bottom.

(Usually 4 inches thick after rolling.)

Kind of screenings or sand as filler.

Limestone Limestone Limestone Limestone None.....

Limesto T’k’s C’v. li Limestone. Limestone.

0U

Limestone.. Limestone.. Cl’t’n Pt. li.

I Le Roy li... Limestone.. T’k’s C’v. li.

Same......

T’k’s C’v. li. T’k’s C’v. li. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Cl’t’n Pt. li. Flint &li...

Sandy loam and same..

Kind of crushed rock.

Kind of screenings or sand as filler.

Kind of crushed rock.

Cubic yards excavation, per mile.

Width

of

roadway.

Trap-rock. Limestone Trap-rock. Trap-rock. Gravel.... Trap-rock. Trap-rock. Trap-rock.

Trap-rock.

Trap-rock.

Trap-rock.

Trap-rock.

Trap-rock.

Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock...

j- Lo quart -j

Same,

Same,

Limestone

Limestone

Feet.

Same........

None........

Same........

Le Roy li.... Same........

Same........

Limestone. Gravel.... Limestone, Lo fid san. Limestone.

Li 6’......

Same,

Same,

Same,

Li 6*.

Limestone

Limestone

Lo qua san .. Same

Gneiss.......Limestone... Gneiss....

Limestone... T’k’s C’v. li.. j Trap-rock.

Lo “bl".....Same........ILocal “bl”

Logranro... T’k’s C’v. li..

Lo gran ro... T’k’s C’v. li..

Lo gran ro... Limestone...

Lo gran ro... Limestone...

Limestone... Same.......j

Limestone... Cl’t’n Pt. li...

Limestone... Flint & li....

Sandy loam and same..

Lo quart... -j

22    5,500

221    4,590

181    5,666

21! 13,000 22! 8,160 26    2,150

22    16,827

22    2,500

22    3,300

22,25    4,300

22    8,738

22

20 3,170 22 5,712 22 7,100 16 2,915 22 4,750 22 3,791 22 5,786 20 4,509 22! 2,077 22 2,933 26 5,750

22. 25    2.459

Width

■ >[

macad-

am.

■+J CO <M CO 05 CO 05 CO O ‘O iO »0 lO • CD lO CD C5 O O tC ^ iC CO O <U rH rH HHH r-H rH rH rH r-H rH rH -HHHHHHHHHHN

s‘

Length

Date

15

in

miles.

gllsSSSSS a £§ 8S :§^SSS§§^?S5!|

05 CO CO C5 rH 05 CO rH 1—1 O rH rH • 05 r-H © *0 O CO 05 CO i-H CO i-H

of

contract.

County.

NAME OF ROAD.

•jaqumn pso^

SSSSSSSSSSSSSSjppppppppppS b-VaVg®® «‘®*s ~ - S S : S*⁰⁰'⁰⁰'^ S' S' S3 S' ®'g §'

oTcT 00 © © CO GO    Oi 05 t-T t>T|>T • iO O iO *C *0 *0 t>-*0    ©" t>T

Schen....

Erie......

Erie......

Oneida... Columbia. Monroe... Monroe... Albany... Onondaga

Onondaga.

Rensselaer

Rensselaer

Chemung.. Herkimer . Monroe....

Ulster.....

Westchest.. Westchest.. Westchest.. Westchest.. Oneida.... Albany.... Erie.......

Troy and Schenectady.....

White’s Corners-Hamburg.

White’s Corners...........

Deerfield.................

New Lebanon-Pittsfield....

East Avenue..............

Little Ridge, Sec. 1........

Delaware Turnpike, Sec. 1..

Cortland Street............

James Street.............

Troy and Brunswick, Sec. 1. Troy and Greenbush, Sec. 1.

Southport, Sec. 1..........

Frankfort and Utica.......

Hudson Avenue, Sec. 1.....

Ulster and Delaware, Sec. 1.

Hastings- Ardsley..........

Ardsley-Elmsford..........

Mamaroneck-White Plains..

White Plains-Armonk......

Sauquoit Creek............

Loudon (N. from Albany).. River (N. from Buffalo) ...

thcscnc^'^^oP'.qo

05 O^HNeO^iOCDNOOOi HHHHrdrtHHHrt

06

22

24

SO £ , TO. ‘91 ‘Z

i^25 | Troy and Brunswick, Sec. 2.....1 Rensselaer

Note.—Numbers 12 and 24 were canceled.

rH

Ol

Roads for which Contracts have been awarded under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898, to October 1, 1905.—

(Continued).

Total Cost. Completed.

Materials.

Per

Top.

(Usually 2 inches thick after rolling.)

Per

mile

Whole.

cent

--! com-

Kind of ; pleted. screenings or sand j as filler.

Kind of crushed rock.

$8,748

12,657

10,704

11,309

10,577

7,295

6,608

14,330

9,701

8,100

8,354

$22,658 49 14,019 30 36,482 25 11,987 82 10,799 39 41,728 00

17,510 00

30,952 00 20,954 20 26,000 00 13,116 55

ooooSS 8 888

t—t t-H r—t tH H t-H t—I t—I iH »-H

Trap-rock.... Sam & C P Trap-rock.... Limestone... Trap-rock.... Le Roy li.... Trap-rock....! Le Roy li.... Trap-rock.... Le Roy li....

Lo “bl”.....Same........

j N i, li.....I Limestone.    I

) S i, field... | Limestone. f Lu gran ro... i sam, \ li... Trap-rock.... Limestone... Lo gran ro... Same & li.... Lo “bl”.....ISame........

li.

Bottom.

(Usually 4 inches thick after rolling.)

Kind of screenings or sand as filler.

Kind of crushed rock.

Cubic yards excavation, per mile.

Width

Width

Cl’t’nPt. li...

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

i sam, i li...

Same........

Same........

Same.....

Limestone... Limestone... Lo qua san... Lo qua san... Lo qua san... Lo “bl”.....

Fieldstone...

Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro... Lo “bl”.....

5,720

22,881 18

7,249

8,192

7,277

8,211

2,030

3,037

2,296

1,489

5,230

9,131

9,100

9,300

8,582

8,746

8,512

35,520 00 12,370 00 3,420 00 22,497 20

22,330 00 22,928 00 9,690 00

13,770 00 8,315 02 15,980 00 9,100 00 18,600 00 38,103 08 44,084 00 31,411 00

8    8888    8    8    8    88888888

T-H    t-H t-H t-H r-H    t-H    t-H    t-H    t-H t-H t—t t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H

Same,

Lo “bl”

ISame,

Lo “bl”

Same........

Limestone...

Same........

Same........

None........

None........

None........

None........

None........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same & li....

Same........

Same........

Lo ‘bl”.....

Trap-rock.... Limestone... Limestone...

Local shale... GraveL......

Gravel.......

Gravel.......

Limestone... Limestone... Limestone... Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro...

Sand.., Same.. Same.. Same..

None.'. None.. None..

None.. None.. Same.. Sand.. Sand.., Same.. Sand.., Sand..,

Lo “bl”.....

Limestone... Limestone... Limestone...

Gravel.......

Local shale.. Gravel.......

Gravel.......

Gravel.......

Fieldstone... Fieldstone... Fid and li.... Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro... Lo gran ro...

of

of

Length

Date

roadway.

Feet.

22    5,405

20    3,430

20    5,780

20    1,670

20 1,600 16, 22    3,234

22    5,660

22j 4,827 22    6,667

20j 3,302 16;    5,238

161

2oi h-¹²⁵

3,367 2,119 2,340 5,109 Emb. I 3,455 f 4,848 Emb. I 4,502 f 2,811 3,333 4,160 5,000 2,309 5,315 5,615 5,095

16-24

22

26

22

16, 22

22

22

91

22

22

24

22

20

20

macad

am.

in

miles.

of

contract.

County.

NAME OF ROAD.

,+j CO CO CO CO CO CO CM COCD^CM    CM    CM CO CO »C

03 t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H    t-H    t-H t-H t-H t-H

cj

COCDCOWNN

t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H

2.59

1.155 3.408

1.06

1.021

5 M2

2.65

4.04

2.16

3.21

1.57

4.00

83-5*

11.00

7.55

4.22

9.25

1 59

1.75

1.00

2 Oil

4.44

3.69

spppppppppp p ppppp p p pppppppp

“S2222 “* “fggfsJ S ®S;S*“s S a S' 22282883

coaTr^r^i^co co

co iop^p^co co co co” cocood^»oi>ri>r»r3

Rensselaer

Erie.......

Chemung.. Chemung.. Chemung.. Ulster.....

Montg.....

Fulton.....

Westchest..

Westchest..

Delaware..

Troy and Greenbush, Sec. 2..

Orchard Park, Sec. 1........

Southport, Sec. 2...........

Southport, Sec. 3...........

South Broadway...........

Ulster and Delaware, Sec. 3.. Amsterdam-Minaville.......

Glovers ville-Mayfield...........

Ardsley-Elmsford, Sec. 2.......

White Plains-Armonk, Sec. 2.... Griffin's Corners...............

Ulster.

Saugerties-Woodstock, Sec. 1....

Ulster.....

Saratoga... Cortland... Albany....

Orange.... Orange.... Orange....

Orange. Orange.... Broome.... Onondaga Onondaga Westchest. Westchest. Westchest.

Saugerties-Woodstock, Sec. 2.... Waterford-Mech’ville, Sec. 1....

Cuyler (at Truxton)............

Delaware Turnpike, Sec. 2......

Newburgh-Woodbury, Cochecton Turnpike.. Goshen-Florida.......

Middletown-Pine Bush.....

Turners-Monroe...........

Chenango River...........

West Lake Road..........

Fabius-Apulia, Sec. 1......

Armonk-Mt. Kisco.........

Mt. Kisco-Bedford.........

Union ville-McKeels Corners,

i^sSIilSSs^sSiSslSHisfissiiliiisi

i>Toococo't^3oo-^’-H'oooo<M-^CNioooo • oTaTco t-ToiUoooooo oooo osoo c7t-7o ooos o oo t- o .coo o7c- <M

t-H t-H    t-H t-H t-H    t-H t-H t-H    t-H t-H    t-H    t-H    t-H

13,967 96 22,540 00 10,684 00 18,910 00 7,780 00 34,610 00 40,532 00 35,376 84 14,852 47 55,000 00 19,700 00 4,868 00 35,712 20 11,600 00 34,900 00 12,728 00 28,000 00

888S8S888S88322288888

CCNOMO'C o O 05 ⁰⁰ 05

88

5S:2 2 d “v S:8 S 8 3 " i a 2 a¹ 'i 8 3 8 8 55!8 g:35 ®§ 2

32,800 00    11,081

88888888888888888 :8888888888888888888888888883 8

t-H t-H t-H r-H t-H t-H t—H t-H t-H t-H r-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H • t-H t-H t-H t-H tH t-H t-H t-H tH t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H rH t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H —^ —H t-H

Same........

Li & same...

None........

Same........

Same........

Same & sand. Limestone,.. Limestone... Limestone...

Same........

Same........

None........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Lo gran ro.. Lo gran ro..

& gr.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Lo gran ro.. Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Trap-rock... Limestone.. Limestone..

Gravel......

Gr & br st.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone..

I i rl li

Sand... Same... None... Same... Same... Same... Same... Same... Same..'. Sand... Sand... None... Same... Same... Same... Same... Same...

Lo gran ro.. Lo gran ro..

Earth......

Limestone.. Limestone.. Lo gran ro.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone..

Gravel......

Gr & br st.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone..

I Limestone..

Local fid....

Limestone..

Limestone..

Gran b’ld’rs.

Gran b’ld’rs.

Limestone..

Limestone..

Local quart.

Local li.....

Gran b’ld’rs.

Limestone..

Limestone..

Limestone..

Trap-rock...

Lo gran ro..

Limestone...

Gr, sh, br st. Same........

Limestone... ISame........

Same........

Same........

Local quart.. jSand & same. Limestone... Same.....

Limestone... Sa

Trap-rock.... Limestone...

Limestone... |Same........

Limestone... Same........

Limestone... !Same........

Limestone... [Same........

Limestone... Same........

Same........

Sand & same. Sand & same.

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same & sand.

Same........

Limestone...

Same........

Same........

Same........

Limestone...

Same........

Limestone...

,,., br st Local fid

JLll

Gr

Limestone... Same........

Fieldstone... Sand & same.

Limestone... Same........

Limestone... Sand & same.

Limestone... Sand........

Fieldstone... Sand........

Local fid.....I Sand........

Limestone.. j Sand & same. Limestone... Sand & same

San b’ld’rs... iSand........

San b’ld’rs... ISand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sandy loam... Sand........

Limestone...

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Sand........

Li & sand....

Same........

Same........

Same........

Sand........

Sand.......•.

Same........

I Limestone. Limestone. Local quart Local li.... Lo b’ld’rs.. Limestone. Limestone. Limestone. Local li.... Lo gran ro Limestone. Gr, sh, br st Limestone. Gr. br st... Local fid... Local quart Limestone.

lO    CO CM* CO CM CO lO CO CM CM ^ lO ^ CO t—f    ••^COCOCOCOCOCMCMCMtHtHt—(THCMtH-rfH

in'-

(Same.

Limestone...

HWCOCICOOHiOOO^^ CM*

co-cip

rH CM CM

CO 00

CM

CM

8~

CMCM • CO CO CM CO CO CO CO CO

t-H t-H • rH rH rH rH t-H tH H tH

COCOCOCO - CO CO CO (M CO CO co CO CO CO CO CO CO lO 00 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO

t-H t-H t-H t-H ■ t-H rH t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H r-H rH r-H T-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H t-H

CM

14-16

12-14

12

14-16

14-16

g82888sll8l|ll3§3 ::lg28i§li§§i882Sillll!fll!is§

•-iiNncqi-iiDioMrtccqrHNdra'-ico ■u;-rHrtd-HnN'T'#du5«ci'!'rt'<t'i'(NMrt'iiT<iodM«

p22^228^88'233°>' :®“2222®N'88‘888223®®®2828®8228 «

lO tCtCcO CO CO tCtCrCcOtCcO co CO CO CO IO • CO* R5 uf »C O N CD »C iO »d iO IQ CO* o lO 1C R5 >0 UJ CO* CO* CC    O CO

Westchest | Westchest Rensselaer

Plattsburg-Keeseville, Sec.    1....    j    Clinton...

Windsor, Sec. 1...... Clinton...

58    Glens Falls-Saratoga...........Saratoga.

59    Watarford-Mech’ville, Sec.    2....    Saratoga

60    Fajrparti.....................Monroe..

utlflford..,...................Monroe..

7est Henrietta................Monroe..

cottsville, Sec. 1..............Monroe..

i’alden-Scott’s Corners.........    Orange..

65    IMontgomery-Goshen...........Orange..

Orchard Park. Sec. 2...........Erie.....

67    Orchard Park, Sec. 3...........Erie.....

68    Orchard Park, Sec. 4........... Erie.....

69    Main Street, Sec. 1............. Erie.....

McKeels Corners-Briar Cliff

Briar Cliff-Echo Lake......

Hoag’s Corners............

53

54

55

56

57

61. ; 62; '

63

64

Oneida...

Tompkins

Schen....

Onondaga

Onondaga

Onondaga

Rensselaer

Monroe...

Monroe...

Monroe...

Monroe...

Monroe..

Monroe...

Rensselaer

Wash.....

Erie......

Erie......

Erie......

Erie......

Rockland. Rockland. Albany... Orange... Monroe... Orange... Montg....

Wash.....

Monroe...

Monroe....

70

71    Utica-Paris..........■.........

72    Catskill Turnpike, Sec. 1........

73    Quaker Street, Sec. 1...........

74    Marcellus.....................

75    Fabius-Apulia, Sec. 2..........

76    La Fayette...................

77    Albia-Wynantskill.............

78    Clifton, Sec. 1.................

79    Scottsville, Sec. 2..............

! Hamlin, Sec. 1.... ...........

81    | Hamlin, Sec. 2................

82    Buffalo, Sec. 1................

83    Buffalo, Sec. 2................

84    Troy and Brunswick, Sec. 3.....

85    Ft. Edward-Sandy Hill.........

86    Big Tree......................

87    i Main Street, Sec 2............

88    Transit, Sec. 1................

89    Transit, Sec. 2................

Grassy Point..................

91    | Nyack Turnpike......,    ......

92    I Delmar-Slingerlands...........

93    Florida-Warwick..............

Monroe Avenue...............

95 i Middletown-Goshen............

Amsterdam-Minaville, Sec. 2....

97    jShunpike Roaa................

98    I Webster, Sec. 1................

93 Webster, Sec. 2................

Note.—Number 70 canceled

M>

94

16

Report of State Engineer.

-fa.

Highway Improvement.

17

ia

35

tH

Total Cost.

Completed.

mile.

i 8223

»OrHNN

00 00 ■—(

iH

8,680

9,280

9,985

7,688

7,696

CONOrHN

co rt< ^ i—i e-r-( co co oo

Too© co

10,542

cm »o © oo © cm co cm

CO ID 00

689 8

8,577

© CM © © CO CO ^ iD©OOt^.

9,777

11,817

9,612

8,627

6,788

7,710

8,495

8,517

10,007

9,666

8,008

7,967

8,558

6,845

13,795

9,691

8,931

6,240

7,229

6,811

9,611

7,739

9,700

7'733

Whole.

$29,166 00

©©©©©©©©^©©© !>“©©©©©©© »D ID © ©

'•^*OCO©©»D*OOOt-h©©©

b.r-c^iOCCI'tOOOO’HOO

CO^rtOO^NWNCO^COHiO

■^OOCMH©ONNCO CM H r—(    CO CO r-I iH

23.693 14

;§gooo doosg

C0t^*0»0©l^

©thcCCOCO

iH rH ©> CO rH t>-

r-i^O0 CO ^

37.500 00

© © © CM CM

^*D©Oi T-t

iO©iO©^

CO

31

28,800 00

19,260 80

24,532 71

E- CO *D ©

CO © lO CM

38,181 08 50,739 61

9,600 00 19,504 65 21,716 20 31,801 91 14,013 00

36,010 36 64,786 89

15,000 00!

39,317 12 30,430 00 47,333 07 6,240 00 40,625 79 26,700 00 33,543 41 51,232 71 31,717 17

it), 333 66

24,016 77| 9,606 25,595 37j 8,256

15,845 90    4,569

11,860 57 8,533 14,907 00 8,717

ii’972 38 7,261 29,337 63 8,071 32,200 00: 6,061 34,800 00, 10,545

S3

Ul

v a fa g

pleted.

000000000S800080S080S00S080    8    88

HHl-IHHrHHHrHHWrHrtHHHHHrHHHiMHHHiHH    r-^    i-H t—I

88 88888 8888 8 88888888888888 8

rHrHTHrHrHrHrH H H rH rH tH rHiHrHrHiHiHiHrHrH rH    tHt-H

85888 :888 8

rH    tH t—(    • 1—1 1—I rH H

Ci

GO

Top

|1

1%

Kind of

inj

S »«

gsa

Same

Same

Same

Sand & same.

Same

Same

Same

Same

Limestone...

Same

Same

Limestone.

Limestone

Same

None

None

Limestone...

Limestone...

Same

Same

Same

cj

<fa Q> OJ

a as

Same

Trap-rock ...

11

Limestone

Same..._____

Same.,,...,.. Limestone... Same & li.... Trap-rock.... C’t’n Pt. li... Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Sand & same. Same........

Bluestone.,..

Same.,.......

Same........

None........

Same........

Same........

Same........

me

Same,

Same

Same

Same

None

Same

None

None..’......

None........

Same........

Limestone., . Same........

Gran & san..

Same........

Gran & fld...

Same........

1*3

fa

-c

Materials.

e2

Kind of

crushed

rock.

mim*** 44 pp:

§111111^1 o O

Local nd

- cb &

Local shale ..

Gravel

Lo “bl

estone...

:.S :

-£

estone...

SoJ.S^J

Trap-rock..

K3

rH

Bottom

S hb

""3 ’.S c

■'** £

;*S

Kind of

screenings

or sand

as filler.

Sand

Sand

Same

Sand

Same

Same

Sand

Sand

Same

Same

Same

Same

Same

None

None

Same

Sand

Sand

Sand & same.

Same

Sand & same.

Sand & same.'Trap-rock....

If?

Ill

s::

•a

Sand ,.

"Vge

Gravel

Gravel

Gravel

Gr & hr st...

-§!

—*— o3

ii I i 1111 nJi i iiaiiaiiiiilii i

=8

g I all

Sand & sam..! Granite

Granite

Local li

Sand

Sand

Cm

§|

Kind of

crushed

rock.

e ejl

ggff

fa

fa

(Continued).

Cubic

yards

si

8 I

tion

Hi

1,324

Limestone.

Limestone.

Limestone

•a

Limestone.

Local nd...

Local nd....

silj-iW .....J

“MllWIslfl;

r: 7G

P P cr ©

r~aila> o o cj

111

2,636

IN

2,321

2.902 Fieldstone.

I I! SII

Limestone.

gran ro...

gran ro...

ii §iis.. Hii?'*?    U .

|llalgggg||-?g l(§|Sgggg^|i |

|1 |_jjs ^ j iS_^lj_!3!3iS5is|^5J3!3!S!33i3A.

OfclSjllll

tO 3 io

g P- CO ©_

■~t-Tcm"cm"

1,459

:-2l53SSJKM;-5 5    S^»S2KS»»55ea:-52K»25535a5

fa

Width

roadway.

Feet.

nS3S3S3nSc^S3n8888S328^8n8S38nn88S3 8 8 S3 S3

CO 0ID00OO    obooo

t-H    HHMIN

Width

macad-

Feet.

© © CM © © © © © ©    CM CM

HHHHHHHHHHHHH

^I^I'JI'^ffl'^CDCONHI CJIC OOO

HHHHHHH t—I rH r—I H rH HHH

8S3 8 8 S § S3 a a 8 £'8 88888888888888 a 8 S3S3S388S32PS3S3 S3

Sf    S3    g

tJ* CD ■ © © © CO

r-^ rH • tH rH r—1 H

COCO'CO ^ CO ^ CO CO CO CO CD ■*#< ^ CM © ^ ^ <^ CNI CM₍ © CM CM ©

cm

H h" S H

ass

4 4< io

Length

in

miles

3.398

2.879

2.050

1.310

1.250 0.349 0.132 3.660

3.250 2.300

2.250 0.750 4.842 2.290 1.210

{ 2.620 4.180 I 0.89 5.090 4.000 3.920 4.140 1.160 1.000 1.230 1.840 2.955

1.970

2.076

5.573

3.015

5.625

6.581

1.130

2.290 2.170

3.290 ! 1.750

4.520

7.570

1.290

2,280

! 6.820

2.850 3.140 5.300 1.000 5.624 3.920 3.490 ! 6.620 1 3.270 i 5.990 2.500 113.380 11.490 2.500

3.10

cm io eo

CO 0 05 00H05HOCDMt-i CO OMOOCOr-d-i^C^MiO

3.300

HAVE

Date

of

contract.

pppppppppooppoopppppppppppp p pop -    2 fa fa 2 2 8 8 888 8 8 2' 2 2' 8 8 8 fa' 2 8' 2 8 8 ^ S3

t>7i>7ib»b»b»b‘bibib4bib'iLbibcbcbcbib»b»bibi>^»b»b©>b»bt>7 nnco*

§§ § § 8 © p § P § P P PPPPPPPPPPPPPP p 22.§ 2' 8‘ S S3 2 2 8* ®‘ 2 222g2^222222 2

|>T co“ i>T co“ cb cb cb cb © cb cbcbcbi>cbobcbcbcbcb©*cb©cb

uiododosifa i-eTtfar-r i-

THI t—< r—t    iH . rH    r—1

©©cb©© •cb'cb'ccT cb

fa

cH

County.

Monroe... Monroe... Rensselaer

I Wash.....

[Wash.....

: Schen....

| Schen.... Montg.... Montg.... Fulton.... Fulton.... Cortland.. Chenango. Orange... Orange... Orange... Ulster.... Ulster.... Ulster.... Ulster.... Albany... Montg.... Onondaga Onondaga Cortland... Albany.... Broome....

. Broome....

fa

/ir |

NAME OF ROAD.

.• -RSflfis

S . ♦

•jaqranu p^o^j

Webster, Sec. 3................

Webster, Sec. 4................

Barracks.....................

Granville-Middle Granville......

Granville and Troy Stage.......

Quaker Street, Sec. 2...........

Quaker Street, Sec. 3...........

Fulton ville-Glen...............

West Mohawk River...........

Argersinger. . ....    ...........

Briggs........................

Blodgetts Mills,...............

N orwich-Plymouth .............

Cochecton, Sec. 1..............

Middletown-Pine Bush, Sec. 2...

Central Valley-Turner, Sec. 1....

Kingston-Rifton...............

Kingston-Rifton...............

Ulster-Delaware, Sec. 2.........

Shandaken-Hurley,- Sec. 1......

Loudon, Sec. 2................

Canajoharie-Sharon Springs.....

Fabius-Apulia, Sec. 3..........

East Lake....................

Preble-Homer.................

N,orth,..,,.... .t.-.-..........

Lestersh ire.., ...........

Town Line Extension..........Broome....

Park Bridge...

Aurora-Buffalo,

River, Secs. 2-3

Erie

Erie

Sec.-1

Erie.......

Erie.......

Onondaga. Herkimer.. Broome.... Dutchess... Clinton....

Clinton.... Clinton.... Oneida.... Oneida.... Ulster.....

Ulster.....

Westchest. Westchest. Delaware.. Ontario.... Jefferson... Westchest. Westchest. Westchest. Westchest.

Montg.....

Orange.... Orange.... Montg.....

Orange....

Orange....

Montg.....

Orange.... Orange.... Orange....

Otsego.....

Schen.....

Delaware.. Monroe.... Monroe.... Monroe....

Monroe....

I on

101

102

103

104

901

107

108

110

111

112

113

114

115

116a

116b

117

118

119

122

123

124

125

126

127

l.'v

Main Street, Sec. 3.............

131 Main Street, Sec. 4.............

i.32 Genesee Turnpike... ..........

133    Little Falls-Dolgeville..........

134    Fenton.........    ............

135    Violet Avenue..,,.............

136    Windsor, Sec. 2...............

137    Plattsburgh-Keesevi He, Sec ..

138    Plattsburgh-Mooers. Sec. 1.....

139    Hamilton Bridge..............

140    Seneca Turnpike...............

141    Kingston-Ellenville, Sec. 3.......

Saugerties-Woodstock, Sec. 3 ... Echo Lake-Pines Bridge........

144    | Bedford-Cross River...........

145    [Delaware River...............

146    | Geneva-Canandaigua, Sec. 1....

147    Burr’s Mills....................

7 {Pines Bridge-Yorkt’n H’ghts....

149    | Yorkt’n H’ghts-Putnam Co.....

150    {Cross River-Turk Hill..........

am Co. Line.....

130

142

i c;

148

Turk Hill-Putn Fonda “East”.

153    'Newburgh-Campbell Hall

154    {Chester-Vails Gate.......

155    I Fonda “West”..........

151

152

156 Chester-Goshen.

157    | Woodbury-Central Valley

158    {Northampton...........

159    Middletown-Slate Hill

160    Slate Hill-Unionville....

161    Newburgh-Shawangunk..

162    {Oneonta................

163    Broadway-Fort Hunter..

164^1 Dwmceville.............

e, Sec. 2

ield,

ray,

J«Lfaiy

Contracts have been awarded under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898, to October 1, 1905._    ^

(Concluded).

Total Cost. Completed.

Per

mile.

Whole.

$21,012 75 $5,228 15,374 36 5,338 14,398 92 7,199

9,069 86    9,115

9,282

7,922

26,175 03 47,848 30

21,900 00    7,228

21,321 45    7.119

8,792 15    8,792

6,800 00    6,615

15,517 26    9,022

39,346 56    8,146

11,092 66    8,626

:<=>*

:S

‘ °-• O

33,440 94    10,042

26,244 311    9,543

19,295 27 8,783 5,348 84! 9,143 39,000 00' 11,301

7,539 68    8,072

15,412    00    7,706

10,787    29    11,355

9,569    47    9,569

10,752 61 10,972 7,221 15 14,442 31,979 041 9,224

Materials.

Per

cent

com

pleted.

Top.

(Usually 2 inches thick after rolling.)

Bottom. (Usually 4 inches thick after rolling.)

Kind of screenings or sand as filler.

Kind of crushed rock.

Kind of screenings or sand as filler.

Kind of crushed rock.

Cubic yards excavation, per mile.

Width

Width

of

of

Length

Date

roadway.

macad-

in

of

am.

contract. ! miles.

County.

088 S 8S 8 oF^t^gggr** 8 8888 8 8880058

rir-lrt    y—i    HH    t—1 HrtnH r-t HH    i—I

.Same.......

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Limestone...

Limestone...

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Limestone... Same........

Local li.....

Local li.....

local li.....

Local li.....

Limestone.. Trap-rock ..

Trap-rock ..

Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Lo qua gran

Gran b’ld'rs. Limestone.. Gran b’ld'rs. Limestone.. Le Roy li...

Lo gran fid.

Le Roy li...

Lo fid......

Gran b’ld’rs. Limestone.. Trap-rock... Limestone..

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Same........

Same........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand & sam..

Sand &sam..

Sand

Sand

Sand

Sand

I Sand,

Sand

Sand

Sand.......

Sand.......

Sand.......

Sand.......

Local li......

Local li......

Local li......

Local li......

Limestone... Fieldstone...

Fieldstone...

Limestone... Local fid.... Limestone... Limestone.. Limestone... Limestone... Local san....

Gran b’ld’rs..

Gran b’ld’rs. Gran b’ld’rs.. Limestone... Le Roy li.... Lo fid.......

Le Roy li.... Local stone.. Gran b’ld’rs.. Limestone... Limestone... Limestone...

1,592 1,774 1,915 Emb. { 2,297 f 1,420 3,180 j Emb. I 1 1,514f 2,165 3,240 5,312 3,830 3,794 3,013 1,613 j Emb. I 1 2,706f 2,809 5,800 2,043 2,442 ( Emb. I | 2,600 f 2,177 1,848 3,526 3,616 4,055 3,812

Feet.

Feet.

In

1'

22

22

22-27

16

32

20-22

20

22

26

25

26

2u

20

20

OO C5000000 CO ©3

*“• THrtrtdlNlN

12

16

16

LI

16

12

16

14-16

12

16

■A

12

12

12

12

12-16

12-16

12

12

12

14

12-14-16

14-20

0088    §    1&    I    588883    is    §©l§    I    llisss

^ ©3 ©3    o    o03    r-i    03 io ©3 ©3 co    ©3 eo    ©q t-h .-h t-h    t#-'    r-i ©3 eo od i-h

SSS 3    S3    3    pppSSSp    S    poop    S    popppp

oot-*V id    idcd    co    ccoTod^^cd'^f    oo    co 10“os"*-T    -*T    ooVoTrid

rH T—I T-* r—l    y—t t—<    T—I    Cl l—' 1-H V—1 1-H    »-H    1-H v-H i-H rH    T"H    t—< r—t »-H T-^ i-H

cd cd cd o    o" cd    cd    t>Tcdcdcdcocdt>^    cd    cocc'oco    t>T    cdcdcdcdcdcd'

Monroe... Monroe... Monroe...

.Monroe..

Monroe...

Broome...

Broome... Albany... Albany... Albany...

Schen.....

Montg.....

Jefferson.. Jefferson..

Jefferson.. Jefferson.. Jefferson.. Jefferson.. Ontario...

Ontario... Ontario... Ontario... Ontario... Albany... Albany... Rensselaer

^£8^88^8888 "o

v—I    r-t    HHH ■

g : :£8 8 88588888 8 S

T—( • •    T—I HH HHHH T-H

Same........

None........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Local shale..

Same........

Same........

Same........

Limestone..

Gravel......

Local fid... Limestone.. Local stone. Limestone.. Limestone.. Trap-rock... Le Roy li... Le Roy li... Le Roy li...

Sand........

None........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand & sam..

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

Sand........

(Limestone...

I Gravel.......

(Local fid.... Limestone... , Local stone.. Limestone... Limestone... Local shale.. Le Roy li.,.. Le Roy li.... Le Roy li....

Same,

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same.........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Local “bl”..

Same........

Same........

Same........

Same........

Limestone...

Same........

Fieldstone...

(Local “bl".

Sand,

'Local “bl"..

3,092

3,344

3,172

6,833

4,828

2,745

2,014

3,000

3,560

1,538

5,358

1,424

2,245

22

18

14

20

20

22

30

12

12

14-20

14-16

16

12-16 18-22

In

18

12

IS

22

12

14

i-H    r^-10 105 co

1—iMCOMNlOOMOSCr ICC-H OOCOiOOONcO^r-iO^OM

^ CO cd cd b'l 03 CO uo 03 O CO 03 CO*

cd" cd" cd cd cd cd cd cd cc* cd

7, 14, ’04

Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone..

Limestone..

Local “bl”. Local stone. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Limestone.. Fieldstone.. Trap-rock...

Local “bl.” Limestone..

Same, Same, Same, Same, Same, Same,

Same,

Same. Sand. Sand. Sand. Sand. Same, Sand. Sand. Same,

i,852 Fieldstone" 3,647 Fieldstone.. 4,007 Fieldstone.. 3,218 jFieldstone.. 4,102 j Fieldstone.. 4,122 i Fieldsto j Emb. I 1 2.250 )

ne...

24-28

26-28

24

24

28

Sand

Fieldstone...

1,821 Loral “bl” .. 2,320 Local stone. 3,205 Local “bl” :. 3,309 (Limestone... 1,880 i Limestone... 2,500 |Crushedgr... 3,547 iFieldstone... 2,869 Limestone...

I 1^77 f 'Fieldstone... 11922 ! Fieldsto

ne...

28

18-35

20

26

20

22-50

20

22

22

16

0.934

16-20

12-16

12-16

0.85

0.574

1.01

10

14

16

18-35

14

14

16-50

22

14-20

10,

12-16 26-28

2.828

1.868

2.00

0.95

LOO

4.68

0.68

860

0.50

3.457

3.904

5.82

5.75

oSSSSSssssssssss3

CO CO CO CO CC «c CO r^T CO ecT ^ Tt^ CO cT 05 CO

s"H *-H i-H t*H rH t—I T—I riHH t-Ht-Hi-hC^J    i—I

cocococococo co t>t^Tt^TodtCcocor>T    *sT

Rensselaer Rensselaer Rensselaer Albany... Albany... Rensselaer Rensselaer Rensselaer Ontario... Ontario... Ontario... Ontario... Ontario... Cortland.. Broome... Broome... Broome... Broome... Broome... Broome...

Cortland..

Delaware.

Delaware.

Chenango.

Otsego....

Otsego-----

Otsego_____

Dutchess., Dutchess..,

Chenango.. Chenango..

Roads for which

NAME OF ROAD.

.i

e-

Dugway, Sec. 2................

Dugway, Sec. 3................

Lake. Sec. 1..................

Portland Avenue, Sec. 1.......

Hudson Avenue, Sec. 2.........

Endicott.....................

Chenango Tow-path...........

Albany-Schenectady...........

Schoharie, Secs. 1-2............

Delaware Turnpike. Sec. 3......

Schenectady-Albany...........

East Mohawk Turnpike........

W't’n-S. H’b’r-Hend’n, Sec. 1... Redwood-Alex. Bay, Sec. 1.....

Adams-Henderson, Sec. 1.......

Pierrepont Manor-Ellisburg.....

State.........................

Depot........................

Bristol.......................

Bristol Valley, Sec. 1...........

East Side-Lake, Sec. 2.........

East Side-Lake, Sec. 1.........

Honeoye-Hemlock.............

Beaver Dam..................

River........................

Sand Lake-Troy...............

Wynantskill-W. Sand Lake.....

East Nassau..................

Brick Church-Rock Hollow.....

Delaware Turnpike, Sec. 4......

Delaware Turnpike, Sec. 5......

Old Northern Turnpike.........

Troy-Poestenkill...............

Boston-Albany................

Gorham-Stanley...............

Naples-Atlanta................

Naples-Wood ville..............

Reeds Corners.................

Geneva-Canandaigua, Sec. 2....

Cortland-Homer...............

Nineveh......................

Harpurs ville..................

Center Vill Ouaquaga.

River Road, Windsor, Sec. 2.... River Road, Windsor, Sec. 1.... Dryden.......................

Roxburv.....................

Grand Gorge..................

Greene-Smithville Flats........

Richfield Spa-Cherry Valley....

Worcester....................

Edmeston....................

Hughson ville..................

South........................

Oxford-McDonough..........

Guilford......................

I-¹'

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

17s

180

181

183

184

IN.',

in;

187

188

l-vi

190

191

192

193

194

CEMENT TESTING FOR STATE WORKS.

TABLE NO. 2.

Appendices to the State Engineer’s Report on the Barge Canal.

Supply to canal and river for period, April 1 to December 1, will be as follows:

APPENDIX IV.

CHAMPLAIN CANAL.

CLEARING.

APPENDIX VII.

REPORT

Engineer in charge, George A. Ensign.

“Money System,”—Repairs of Highways—{Concluded).

20

The foregoing tables are summarized as follows:

“Location maps have been made of the entire contra

Report of the Land Bureau of the. State Engineer’s Department.

TRIANGULATION STATIONS

S. S. GANNETT and D. H. BALDWIN.

CHENANGO, DELAWARE, MADISON, ONEIDA, AND OTSEGO

ESSEX, FRANKLIN, AND HAMILTON COUNTIES.

HARTWICK QUADRANGLE.

UNION S QUAKE, SOUTH ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND

CAYUGA, MONROE, ONONDAGA, OSWEGO, AND WAYNE COUNTIES.

CATTARAUGUS AND CHAUTAUQUA COUNTIES.

Pleasant Valley 

HUDSON RIVER DRAINAGE.

6.12

* Means for twelve hours.

ONEIDA RIVER DRAINAGE.

OSWEGO RIVER DRAINAGE.

1905 March  382.507 382.281 3*0.595 3*0.364 3*0.24

GENESEE RIVER BASIN.

During 1905 the dam was repaired, and the discharge subsequent to September 30, 1905, has been calculated from a profile and survey made after these repairs were completed.

BLACK RIVER BASIN.

LAKE CHAMPLAIN DRAINAGE BASIN.

KAYADEROSSERAS CREEK NEAR SARATOGA LAKE, N. Y.

Description: 82, pp. 95-96; 97, pp. 191-192; 125,

PASSAIC RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

The following comparative readings were also made:

SUSQUEHANNA RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Contracts—Continued:

Biblioteka PK

CEMENT TESTING FOR STATE WORKS.

The State Engineer’s Department includes a State testing laboratory where are made tests of all hydraulic cements used for State work, not only for those works which are under the direction of the State Engineer’s Department but also for those directed by the State Architect, for the many buildings which he constructs. The methods used are in accord with the latest and best practice, and in a new and fully equipped laboratory, the Assistant Engineer who is in charge of it making visits to all the best equipped laboratories elsewhere and keeping fully informed as to the latest and most approved methods. The tests are made under the general direction of the Deputy State Engineer, and the results insure that only the best cements are used for State work.

The grade of these requirements has been raised during the year in order to keep up with the improved methods and products of American manufacturers of Portland cement. Detailed report of this Cement Testing Laboratory is given in the appended report of the engineer in charge on page 376.

COURT OF CLAIMS SURVEYS.

In order that the Court of Claims may have a full knowledge of the claims which are brought before them for damages alleged to have been caused by the canal and by its works, engineers of this Department have made and presented surveys, maps and photographs on behalf of the State, and the evidence thus produced has resulted in saving to the State much money.

Detailed description of the work thus done will be found in the appended reports of the Division Engineers.

It is recommended that the Legislature appropriate $15,000 for the continuation of this work.

LAND BUREAU.

This Bureau of the State Engineer’s Department has charge of the sale of State lands under water and of the custody and care of ancient records. The ancient records of this Department, as well as the modern ones, are of great value for reference, and it has been the policy through recent years to add to them whenever this can be done without cost to the State. The report of the clerk of the Land Bureau, giving in detail the operations of the past year, is appended at page 384.

BUREAU OF BRIDGE DESIGN AND INSPECTION.

This Bureau is charged with the duty of making designs and plans for new bridges whenever the State Engineer is directed by the Legislature to prepare such plans, Since January, 1904, the greater

Bureau of Bridge Design and Inspection.

21

part of the work of the Bureau has consisted of preparing plans, specifications and estimates for the construction of bridge superstructures, substructures and approaches, lock-gates, lock-valves,

N needle-dams, movable dams, etc., required for the building of the Barge canal.

There are some 800 old bridges which have formerly been built across the canal and which are now maintained by the Superintendent of Public Works. The State Engineer is not authorized to make a regular and systematic inspection of these bridges, but, whenever a request is received from the Superintendent of Public Works for the inspection of one of these bridges, such inspection is performed by the Bureau of Bridge Design and Inspection, which makes the plans for any repairs which may prove to be necessary.

This Bureau is also charged with the examination of plans for town and highway bridges, which are submitted to the State Engineer for his approval, and with the examination and approval of plans submitted by electric and steam railway companies for new bridges over the canals, or for strengthening existing bridges.

The growth of the various cities situated upon the canals has created an increased demand for lift-bridges, which are of necessity much more expensive and intricate than were the fixed bridges which they replace. Prior to 1899 the plans for these bridges were prepared by various private engineering and bridge-contracting firms, but this method was found to lead to great confusion and undesirable variety in the resulting structures. Since 1889, when chapter 476 of the laws of 1899 provided for a Chief Bridge Designer and Inspector and necessary assistants, there has been uniformity in these designs and a thorough familiarity with them in this Department. The operations have thus been under the constant observation of the State Engineer with most satisfactory results. The detailed report of the Chief Bridge Designer is appended at page 386.

I desire again to call attention to the fact that, under section 145 of the Highway Law, no town or its officers can be compelled to accept or pay for any iron or steel bridge exceeding 200 feet in length, or having a span or spans exceeding 100 feet in length, until the State Engineer and Surveyor shall certify to the completion of the bridge, pursuant to the contract under which it shall have been constructed.

The provisions of this law are usually evaded in practice, and it affords very little protection to the interests of the taxpayers of the various towns. I recommend that this law be amended in such a manner as to require the approval of the county engineer, where there is one, and some State official, of the plans and specifications of every bridge contracted for by the town that exceeds $500 in cost. Also, that^after the approvafof suchrplans, thercontract for every bridge be awarded to the lowest responsible bidder, based upon the approved

plans therefor, after the same has been properly advertised in two papers published in the county in which the bridge is located, and also in some paper devoted to engineering and contract work published within the State.

The law should also provide that the contractor shall not be paid for any bridge until the final estimate for the same has received the approval of a majority of the town board, the county engineer and some State official.

SURVEY OF THE STATE IN CO-OPERATION WITH THE U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.

In 1905 no appropriation was made for the co-operative survey of the state, which has been in progress since 1892 in co-operation with the U. S. Geological Survey. Heretofore the State has paid half of the cost of the field work, the publication being done entirely at the expense of the United States. During the past year, however, the work has been continued—but in an abridged form—under an allotment of $7,000 from the United States’ funds, together with $600, the balance remairing of the State’s appropriation of the preceding year. This survey ought not to be delayed longer through lack of co-operation on the part of New York. The methods of work and the results accomplished are under close and frequent inspection and are uniformly found to be of a high character, the result being that the State is getting a fine class of work at a comparatively low cost.

The maps thus produced are published in contour sheets, each of which is 12 inches by 18 inches and contains about 12 miles from east to west and about 18 miles from north to south, with contour intervals of 20 feet showing the irregularities of the surface of the country and also showing all watercourses, railroads, highways and dwellings.

These maps are of the greatest value to the State in many ways, especially in connection with the work of highway improvement and with the operation of the Forest Preserve Board, and also in examinations which are constantly being made for water-supplies for existing and proposed canals and for the various cities and towns. These maps are in constant and growing demand by those who are planning any kind of work of improvement in the state, giving as they do the means of making, without the delay and expense of special field work, preliminary locations for water storage and water-power development, railroad lines and highway improvements. The State has thus obtained maps of great usefulness and value at less than half their actual cost. A proof of each sheet is sent to this office from Washington for examination and approval before being finally pub-

fished, and in this way judgment is made as to the character of the work and in some cases valuable additions are thus made.

The sheets composing the topographic atlas are designated by name of the principal town or of some prominent feature within the district, and the names of adjoining published sheets are printed on the margin.

By an arrangement, beginning in 1904, each present and prospective sheet of New York State has been given a fixed number, which is printed in black in the upper left hand corner of each quadrangle of the progress map, there being 260 numbers thus shown on the progress map which accompanies this report. For convenience of reference and in order to have the full benefit of this arrangement, each person having a file of these sheets should put a corresponding number on each sheet, which can then readily be referred to numerically instead of alphabetically as heretofore. This progress map can be obtained free by application to the State Engineer, Albany, N. Y.

Plans have been perfected so that on the maps published hereafter woodlands will be represented as a topographic feature, the distinction between wooded and cleared lands being shown by appropriate symbol. Another proposed addition is a proper symbol to distinguish between dirt roads and those which have been macadamized or otherwise paved. It is expected that ultimately this valuable information will be placed upon the maps, thus rendering them very useful, especially in this state where highway improvement is being prosecuted so energetically.

The maps are published on a scale of about one inch to the mile, and about 260 sheets will be required to cover the entire state, including 26 which cover portions of adjoining states. To these are to be added 15 sheets which duplicate portions of other sheets, thus making about 275 sheets in all, of which 219 have already been surveyed and mapped and 212 have been engraved and published and are ready for use. These are for sale by the U. S. Geological Survey at Washington at the nominal price of five cents each, or $3 per hundred; the engraving and publication being done entirely at the expense of the U. S. Government. The remaining area of the state still to be mapped out will be represented on 41 atlas sheets.

The operations are detailed at page 394 of this report and in the statement of the Hon. Chas. D. Walcott, Director of the United States Geological Survey, at page 393.

It is recommended to the Legislature that this co-operation with the United States be renewed and that an appropriation of $30,000 be made therefor.

Through the courtesy of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, a bulletin which gives the results of spirit leveling in

New York State from 1896 to 1905, is reprinted as an appendix to this report. In this bulletin there are arranged lists of bench marks —both tablets and others—which have been established during the progress of the Geological Survey. Parts of these lists have appeared in the Federal and State reports year by year as the work advanced, but this bulletin contains a summary of all the spirit leveling to the end of 1905 and, with its readjusted elevations, forms a most convenient reference book for use in connection with both public and private enterprises.

MEASUREMENTS OF THE VOLUME OF STREAMS AND THE FLOW OF WATER IN THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

By the failure of the State to appropriate funds to co-operate with the United States Government in the Geological Survey, that feature of the work, which had resulted in maintaining gaging stations on various streams within the state, for the purpose of determining their flow, has not been carried on jointly. The information obtained from this source has been of great value to this Department in the study of questions connected with the plans for the Barge canal, and is, I believe, of equal value to hydraulic engineers and owners of water-powers throughout the state. Many requests are received every year from parties interested in the question of stream measurement, both from citizens of the state and of other states and countries. The value of the records is such that I believe the system of stream gages should be still further extended—rather than discontinued— so as to cover portions of the state not already under examination, and that the appropriation heretofore made for that purpose should be again made.

The report at page 563 of this volume gives the gagings at stations that have necessarily been maintained in connection with studies of water-supply for the Barge canal. By courtesy of the Government officials, the report of gagings made under authority of the Geological Survey is reprinted from the Government Reports at page 637.

BOUNDARY LINES OF THE STATE.

The boundary lines of the state are now well marked by permanent monuments, except the line between New York and Connecticut. The reports of this Department for some ten years past show in detailed accounts what progress has been made in recent years in reestablishing and remarking these boundaries.

Several efforts—one within the past year—have been made by this Department to induce the proper authorities of Connecticut to co-operate in remonumenting the line between these two states, but thus no far no success has rewarded New York’s proposals. This work should be undertaken without delay.

‘W

<*

■ $ :•

i......J99

"fC

r>

fll\’

>:

mrnm

\ 5*

Vi" Nik

ft*K .

*4

<& 'i i

l«-':i®-¹

I 41

.....

*>*■

. :*l

si

jta** j

,i\V

?;^>i

'“ SfeffitlS

|sM

;•:

i'Atfe

•~

*<*»*

.i%i

f^“

J-

'.#3

■■■ Y*S£ * .^-^gBSCS

a tsm.

■ -'■ *-t,4S5

■ ?0m

vm

i*Ef ■* ' ' ;•' 1

V A.;':

*< k'*

/-

Steel Hydraulic Dredge, Contract No 4, Barge Canal — Erie Route. (Front View.)

’■

mm

BARGE CANAL.

Preliminary Work.

During the past year the work of making surveys, soundings, borings and plans has been in progress simultaneously on all but two of the fifteen sections, or residencies, into which the 440 miles of proposed Barge canal has been divided. A large force of engineers and draftsmen has also been employed at the head office in the DeGraaf Building, Albany, preparing detailed plans and estimates for locks, movable and fixed dams, bridges, culverts and the various structures and other work required to complete the contract plans for the various sections of the canal.

A corps of engineers has also been engaged in making surveys, borings and investigations within the watersheds of Chittenango, Limestone, Nine Mile and West Canada creeks and of the upper Mohawk river, preliminary to the preparation of contract plans and estimates for the work necessary to secure an adequate water-supply for the summit level of the Barge canal near Rome.

A large number of water-gages has been established and their readings taken daily in order to determine the flow of all streams whose waters are likely to be used for the Barge canal, or which may affect it in any way. The number of engineers, draftsmen and other assistants employed on Barge canal work has averaged about 400 per day during the last year.

Organization op Engineering Force.

Chief Engineer Henry C. Allen In charge of Barge canal improvement work William B. Landreth

The organization of the Barge canal work is as follows : State Engineer and Surveyor..

Special Deputy State Engineer

Special Resident Engineer

Principal Assistant to the Special Deputy

..................In charge of division

.................In charge of residency

..................In charge of contract

Division Engineer.

Resident Engineer.

Assistant Engineer Levelers, Draftsmen, Rodmen, Chainmen and Laborers.

As provided by chapter 147 of the laws of 1903, the Special Deputy State Engineer has charge, under the State Engineer, of all of the work of the Barge canal improvement.

The Special Resident Engineer acts as principal assistant to the Special Deputy and in the^absence of the Special Deputy carries on the detailed work of the office.

The territory of the State is divided into three divisions, as follows:

The Eastern Division, comprising all of the state east of the east line of Oneida county.

The Middle Division, from the east line of Oneida county to the west line of the town of Savannah, Wayne county.

The Western Division, all of the state west of the west line of the town of Savannah, Wayne county.

The work on the various divisions is under the supervision of the Division Engineer of that division. Each division, and the separate canals on each division, are divided into residencies. The work on each residency is under the Resident Engineer or an Assistant Engineer in charge. On each residency there is a sufficient number of Assistant Engineers, Levelers, Draftsmen, Rodmen, Chainmen and Laborers employed to carry on the work on the residency.

The office of the Special Deputy State Engineer is on the sixth floor of the DeGraaf Building, South Pearl street, Albany. All surveys, soundings, borings and the collection of all information necessary for making topographical maps and plans of the proposed work are made by the men on the different residencies. After the survey maps have been made at the various residencies, the residency force prepares general maps for the contract plans and certain portions of the contract drawings. The information relating to structures is transmitted to the office of the Special Deputy State Engineer and the plans for structures and special portions of the general plans for contracts are prepared in that office.

The work in the office of the Special Deputy is divided into various Bureaus—known as the Bridge, General Drafting, River, Lock, Computing and Checking Bureaus. Each Bureau is in charge of an assistant, and under his supervision the plans, estimates and specifications are prepared for the structures on the proposed work.

When the plans for any contract are completed and approved by the Special Deputy State Engineer, they are sent to the State Engineer for his approval, then to the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers for action and then to the Canal Board for the final approval. After the plans, specifications and estimates are approved by the Canal Board, the Superintendent of Public Works calls for bids from contractors for doing the work. If satisfactory bids are obtained, a contract is made by the Superintendent of Public Works with the lowest bidder, who proceeds to construct the work under the terms of the contract.

By the provisions of the Barge canal law the actual work of construction is under the direction of the State Engineer, subject to the

I Jb

IE is

iSOTIxi

t.

■a?-.

rau

M -

Wh -vat

I5F

Steel Hydraulic Dredge, Contract Xo 4, Barge Canal — Erie Route. (Rear View.)

final acceptance and approval of the State Engineer and the Superintendent of Public Works. The work of construction on any one contract is carried on under the supervision of the Division, Resident and Assistant Engineer in charge, with such other assistants as the work requires.

Monthly estimates of the work completed on any contract are made each month by the Assistant Engineer in charge of the contract. The estimates are countersigned by the Resident Engineer, the Division Engineer and the Special Deputy State Engineer and are then sent to the State Engineer for final approval. If approved by the State Engineer, they are sent to the Superintendent of Public Works, who issues a draft on the State Comptroller in favor of the contractor for 90 per cent of the value of the work completed during the month covered by the estimate.

General Plan of Barge Canal.

In the construction of the 950 miles of canals in New York State prior to the Barge canal, the plan of building artificial channels was generally adopted, by far the greater part of their length being by independent canals, the natural waterways being utilized only to a small extent. A study of the history of canal-building in this country informs us that the first attempts at improvement were in the beds of the natural streams, but the failures of the early projectors to cope with the difficulties of rapid current, flood and drought taught them to adopt the European method of building on the hillsides along the valleys of the streams, which were utilized only as a source of water-supply. The commissioners appointed by the New York Legislature in 1810 to investigate the subject of canals say in their report, “that experience has long since exploded in Europe the idea of using the beds of rivers for internal navigation.” In New York State, the experiment with natural streams was made by a private company—the Western Inland Lock Navigation Company—and when canals were begun by the State, their course was along independent channels. In building the original Erie a side-hill location was very generally selected, probably for ease and cheapness of construction, and invariably a towing-path was constructed upon one bank. Although the practicability of steam as a motor power in propelling boats had been demonstrated several years before the Erie was begun, its successful use dates from comparatively recent times. Not, indeed, until the Legislature of 1871 offered a prize of $100,000 to stimulate inventors, did the question of economical steam propulsion on the canals begin to be solved.

In the^early^canals oNcomparatively small dimensions, before railroad competition grew so strong, these artificial channels, with their propulsion by animal power/could be' successfully operated. The conditions mow, however, are entirely changed; large channels are necessary, and these⁵ can be placed to bestT advantage in the lowest parts of valleys. Natural waterways present no insuperable difficulties to engineers to-day, with their modern machinery and their increased ability to regulate the flow of streams, and, accordingly, the use of river and creek beds has become the universal practice. The need of providing suitable competition with railroad freight rates led European countries to undertake the reconstruction and modernizing of their waterways about 25 years ago, but America is still in the first stages of this work. It is interesting to note the return of the Barge canal to the route followed by the Western Inland Lock Navigation Company, and which, before their day, was used for travel and transportation across the state by the Indian tribes and the first settlers.

The new Barge canal utilizes natural waterways wherever possible and is essentially a stream and lake canalization scheme. Of the 440 miles of canal, from 350 to 380 miles follow the course of some lake, river or other natural waterway. On the Champlain canal, the Hudson river is utilized from Troy to Fort Edward; and Bond and Wood creeks between Fort Edward and Whitehall to Lake Champlain, that lake, of course, being utilized as far as Rouses Point. On the Erie canal, the Mohawk river is utilized from Waterford to the city of Rome and from there westerly Wood and Fish creeks are utilized, wherever possible, to Oneida lake. Oneida lake and Oneida river, with its sharpest bends cut off and shortened, are utilized to Three River Point. From Three River Point to Oswego, the Oswego river is utilized; from Three River Point to a point near Macedon, the present plan contemplates the use of the Seneca and Clyde rivers and Mud creek, wherever practicable; the branch to Syracuse traverses Onondaga lake, with its outlet and inlet. From Macedon to Pendleton, the canal is purely an artificial waterway, with the exception of the crossing of the Genesee river and the proposed utilization of a portion of this river at Rochester as a harbor. From Pendleton to Tona-wanda, the Tonawanda creek is utilized and from Tonawanda to Buf-alo, the Niagara river is used. For only about one-quarter of the total distance are any portions of the existing Erie or Oswego canals utilized.

III

’i V -f-J-

u

;u

*4

H.W.

Upper Pool

PIER.

•. f. ;

i'.-

_Possiyej+iigfwa 4_AfiPj;qac h _

--£1 _c>!*pof/_

a»n

zSjL S

WmM

Department State Engineer and 5urveyor

General Design of

BRIDGE DAK *nn BOVLE GATES

Proposed for Mohawk River.

1=

"i--T f"

am

CT

H. w.

Cross Sectibn

\ with Dam in position.

* ’:v-,

i, •;•:•:

Ji

■>

C ro

with

as Section

Dam raised

PIER.

■V

Lower Pool

■it. >

£3-4

iP- ■ —•=tl

-V

5?"

i___

£3

ssss*

//N

H.W.

ft

Upper Pool

—r\\

■raj » I'.. Hjljl^-Q.

c

hm

_ _Ei of. sIoTip - -

I ill M I < M ii -MSS ,UULUU1-L!=M

Elevation Looking Down Stream

Lower Pool

i-.

».

TUCK"

A-’fi iju    t; J..-4

ti

!

.

?

i

T:

’ • '

ffl

%

*

■—! i

“ \    ■ #- n-~$. f-aw«

Movable Dams.

Many difficulties were experienced by the earlier canal-builders from the use of fixed dams in streams with a widely fluctuating flow, and, therefore, in the canalization of these streams for the Barge canal, it has been decided to adopt the comparatively modern device of movable dams, wherever their advantages make this course seem desirable. The use of movable dams has been quite general in Europe for many years and more recently they have been employed on some of the rivers canalized by the United States Corps of Engineers for the United States Government, especially on the Ohio and Monongahela and other rivers of the South and Middle West. Many of the movable dams built in Europe and the United States have been examined by engineers of this Department during the last year. The report of Mr. D. A. Watt, Expert Designer of Movable Dams, giving the result of his investigations and observations, during the summer of 1905, on the European practice, is herewith appended. The advice of Major William L. Sibert, U. S. Corps of Engineers, of Pittsburg, Pa., has been obtained with reference to the general plan for canalizing the Mohawk river. After this thorough consideration of the subject, finally, with the approval of the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers, it has been decided to adopt the bridge type of dam for use on the lower Mohawk river.

The bridge type of dam has been used with success on the Moldau river in Bohemia and it is planned to adopt this type of dam on portions of the River Seine in France, as described more in detail in Mr. Watt’s report. The accompanying photographs show the dam now constructed on the Moldau river. The sketches also show the cross-sections of the movable dam of this type that it is proposed to use in the lower Mohawk river, one sketch showing the dam in position and one, the dam raised. The use of this dam permits the control of water-surfaces to a much greater degree than would be possible with any fixed dam, and, except during floods, these water-surfaces can be maintained at a higher level than would be possible by using a dam with a fixed crest, for the reason that in time of flood the movable portion of the dam may be removed to a sufficient degree to prevent damages that would necessarily result from the use of a fixed dam of the same height of crest. The use of the movable dam also permits the river to be restored to its natural condition during the season when the canal is not in use. Moreover, in time of flood the silt, debris and detritus is washed down-stream instead of accumulating in the pool above the dam. Not only will these movable dams be much cheaper in construction, but it is believed that by their use a large amount of money will be saved also in the subsequent maintenance of the completed canal, both in the amount saved in dredging and in the lessened amount of flood-damages which the State would cause with this type of dam.

Size of Locks.

Chapter 147 of the laws of 1903—known as the Barge canal improvement law—required that all locks should have a clear width of 28 feet, with a minimum depth of 11 feet of water over the miter-sills. Under this law plans had been prepared and two contracts let for locks of 28 feet width and 12 feet depth. This law, however, was amended by chapter 740 of the laws of 1905, which permitted these dimensions to be increased, but did not definitely fix the size. After very careful investigation and consideration, the width decided upon was 45 feet and the depth, 12 feet, despite the persistent recommendation of the State Engineer and the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers that a depth of 14 feet be adopted. Before reaching this decision a very thorough study was made of the widths of locks on canals of a similar character, previously built in the United States and Europe. Careful consideration was given to the fact that the width of the canalized, natural waterways was sufficient for boats 43 feet wide to pass each other, throughout about 92 per cent of the distance between New York City and Rouses Point, at the northern end of Lake Champlain, and about 85 per cent of the distance between New York City and Oswego, on Lake Ontario, or about 76 per cent of the total length of the proposed Barge canal—including the Erie, Champlain and Oswego branches, and covering the distance from New York City to Rouses Point, Oswego and Buffalo. The fact that the locks on the Canadian system of canals were 45 feet in width and had 14 feet depth of water on the miter-sills was also considered, especially since the New York canals are connected with the Canadian system by Lakes Erie, Ontario and Champlain, with a possibility that Lake Champlain may be connected with the St. Lawrence river at Montreal at some future time by a Canadian canal, which would probably have the same dimensions of lock. Consideration was also given to the great increase in the carrying capacity of barges having a width of 43 feet over those of only 27 feet in width.

The following correspondence and resolutions will show by what means the decision in regard to dimensions was reached.

<«

I'*

*p

Id

Ifel

».

jgg

ia

...

fti

'•

inl\

m-T-r-nmr— -yrm-f;

mLi^n

||

///^ 1

•:

"A- " v*-* 4

^yys^ '5cr ^ '!

P3

"...

»,

w\K

\ik

\ H

llM.

Lcbecker Excavator. Contract No. 4, Barge Canal — Erie Rocte.

This machine is used to build levees for holding material excavated by hydraulic dredges.

4?

!<

tflfe *

ilF' V *4flra

V

New York, June 13, 1905.

On June 15, 1905, the State Engineer and the Canal Board received the following letter:

Mr. William Shaible, Secretary Canal Board, State Comptroller’s Office, Albany, N. Y.:

Dear Sir.—Pursuant to instructions of the sub-executive committee of the Canal Association of Greater New York, I transmit herewith the following resolution:

Resolved, That the sub-executive committee of the Canal Association of Greater New York strongly urge upon the State officials the' enlargement of the locks of the Champlain, Oswego and Erie canals to the width of at least forty-five feet and a depth of at least fourteen feet, as called for by the present exigencies of commerce and traffic on the important canals of this State, and so placing these canals on a par with the best equipped waterways of the world.

Yours very truly,

HENRY B. HEBERT,

Chairman.

In response to this letter the Canal Board, at its meeting on June 20, 1905, adopted the following resolution:

“Resolved, That the State Engineer and Surveyor be requested to confer with the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers and obtain from them their opinion as to the subject-matter of said communication ; and be it further

“Resolved, That the State Engineer and Surveyor request said Advisory Board to be present and confer with the Canal Board at its meeting called for Wednesday, June 28th, at 3 p. m.”

At the meeting of the Canal Board on June 28, 1905, the State Engineer presented the following letter:

State of New York

State Engineer and Surveyor

*

Albany.

June 28, 1905.

To the Honorable the Canal Board, Albany, N. Y.:

Gentlemen.—In conformity with the resolution adopted by the Canal Board at its meeting on June 20, 1905, I have conferred with the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers and have obtained from the Advisory Board its opinion as to the widening of locks and present herewith a communication from Hon. Edward A. Bond, Chairman of the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers, on that subject under date of June 28, 1905.

Very truly yours,

HENRY A. VAN ALSTYNE,

State Engineer and Surveyor.

State of New York

Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers for THE

Improvement of State Canals Albany

June 28, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Dear Sir.—Replying to your letter of June 23,1905, transmitting a copy of a resolution adopted by the Canal Board at its meeting of June 20, 1905, which read as folio s:

By the Comptroller:

“Resolved, That the State Engineer and Surveyor be requested to confer with the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers and obtain from them their opinion as to the subject-matter of said communication; and be it further

“Resolved, That the State Engineer and Surveyor request said Advisory Board to be present and confer with the Canal Board at its meeting for Wednesday, June 28th, at 3 p. m.”

I have the honor to transmit to you a . esolution of this Board passed after due consideration of the subject-matter contained in the resolution of the Canal Board of June 20, 1905, and in a resolution of the sub-fexecutive committee of the Canal Association of Greater New

York under date of June 13, 1905.

Very respectfully yours,

EDWARD A. BOND

Chairman.

Resolution of Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers.

After due consideration and full discussion of the matter of width of locks for the Barge canal, submitted for consideration by a letter dated June 23, 1905, from the State Engineer, addressed to the Chairman of the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers for the Improvement of State Canals, said Board passed the following preamble and resolution:

f •*r

r

*1

m

t-m

. v mmi

%

m

-•

»

■i

mm* i

-

T

T.. r.

: ■

;t

^    rnSm' ""'

¹

I

*

SI

v

i

gr* r:

Steel Hydraulic Dredge, Contract No 5, Barge Canal — Erie Route.

“Whereas, The general modern tendency in all countries, especially upon canalized rivers, is to increase the size of the channels, locks and boats; and “Whereas, The Canadian System of Canals from Lake Erie to Montreal has a depth of 14 feet and locks 45 feet wide, and the depth and locks of the proposed Montreal, Ottawa and Georgian Bay Canal will be as great; and

“Whereas, The proposed Lake Erie and Ohio Canal between Lake Erie and the Ohio River will have a depth of 15 feet and locks 45 feet wide; and

“ Whereas, The proposed navigation on the Illinois River and on the Mississippi River to St. Louis is to have a depth of 14 feet; and

“Whereas, The advantages of standard dimensions of canals are appreciated by European countries, which are working toward uniformity in the dimensions of international canals and canalized rivers; and

“Whereas, It might be greatly to the advantage of barge owners to employ their barges in coastwise traffic in the winter months during which navigation is closed on the canals, and for which traffic steel model barges of proper width, length, draft and strength would be admirably adapted; and

“Whereas, Increase of depth in waterways importantly decreases the cost of transportation, not only by increasing the tonnage of vessels, but by reducing the tractive force required, by giving more space between the bottom of the boat and the bed of the channel; and

“Whereas, The commercial success of the Barge Canals of the State of New York in competition with other routes—water and rail—will depend largely upon their ability to transport freight at the lowest possible cost, obtained especially by having a waterway and boats of large dimensions; and

“Whereas, About seventy-six (76) per cent of the total length of the proposed waterways between New York City and Rouses Point on Lake Champlain, Oswego and Buffalo will be in open water of rivers, lakes and canalized rivers, and in the remaining twenty-four (24) per cent of the distance there is a considerable length where—in rock excavation and elsewhere—there will be, according to present plans, a sufficient width for two 43-foot beam boats to safely pass, and much of the remaining excavation in earth may be conveniently widened any time in the future—and in some parts, where the new canal will occupy the present canal sections in embankment, it may be formed conveniently during construction by moving over one of the banks to the full width required to pass two 43-foot beam barges, without materially increasing the cost—and the necessary deepening between 12 feet and 14 feet may be done in the future when the commerce requires it; and

“Whereas, This Board has ascertained from the State Engineer that the additional cost of building all the locks on the entire system of barge canals 328 feet long (the present proposed length), 45 feet wide and 14 feet deep will not cause the total cost of the canal to exceed the $101,000,000 provided by the Law, due to the economies and reductions in cost in several directions over the original estimate on the basis of which the Law was enacted; and

“Whereas, The State Engineer has informed this Board that the provision in the original plans for water for the use of the Barge Canals and for other purposes is ample to meet the additional amount required for the lockages in the larger locks now proposed; and

“Whereas, In order to provide a waterway of larger dimensions in the future, if desired, all permanent structures should be built and necessary provision made at the outset to meet such enlargement in order to avoid excessive future cost; therefore,

“Resolved, That in the opinion of this Board the locks of the Barge Canal should be built of the following dimensions:

“Three hundred and twenty-eight feet clear length between hollow quoins, 45 feet clear width, and 14 feet depth over miter-sills.”

As chapter 147 of the laws of 1903 in section 6 provides that “no alteration shall be made in any such map, plan or specification, or the plan of any work under contract during its progress, except with the consent and approval of the Superintendent of Public Works and the State Engineer,” it was impossible to legally get revised plans for contracts already let, before the Canal Board, without the consent of the Superintendent of Public Works. As that official would not approve of revised plans that provided for more than 12 feet of water on the miter-sills and, moreover, as it was evident to the State Engineer that the majority of the Canal Board would not approve such new plans, even if properly placed before them, it was decided by the State Engineer to adopt the following governing dimensions for locks on the Barge canal:

Length between hollow quoins, 328 feet; this minimum dimension being fixed by law; clear width, 45 feet; minimum depth in lock chamber on miter-sills, 12 feet.

At a meeting of the Canal Board held on August 8, 1905, the State Engineer presented plans for contract No. 3, on the Champlain canal, which increased the width of locks contained in that contract from 28 feet to 45 feet and provided for a depth of 12 feet of water on the miter-sills. These revised plans received the approval of the Canal Board by a majority of five to one. Revised plans for contract No. 2, increasing the width of locks No. 2 and 3 from 28 to 45 feet and providing for a depth of 12 feet of water on the miter-sills, were subsequently approved by the Canal Board. Since this date all plans for new locks have been made and approved with these governing dimensions. Before a final decision was made to increase the dimensions of the locks, I asked Mr. William B. Landreth, Special Resident Engineer, to make a careful investigation and to report as to whether a sufficient quantity of water could be obtained for supplying the Rome summit level with the changed conditions involved in the use of larger locks. Mr. Landreth’s report is printed as an appendix to this report, together with the review of this report by Mr. Emil Kuichling, Consulting Engineer, to whom the matter was referred for his advice.

The plans for the locks that were to be 28 feet wide, provided for the use of a form of wooden lock-gate, but the new plans, which require a width of 45 feet, call for the use of steel for their gates.

SB

l my ' *

i iifev

..

1.1

>*§? ?;

mi

...

La

Hpi

'•<

Sr

' ■ •:

g%gi

a. .

, ,-il

I < 'i ;*

F $ i#

5 *#

\ ?lL'

si

___

l, I-

Bp

V- :.

mm

r>*

wn- m ■

■" =*:

Mi

I muH)    ■*'■ ^

■*sJfxt5r * . '

Concrete Abutment for Highway Bridge. Contract Xo. 4. Barge Canal A new type of abutment for country bridges, originated by the Bureau of Bridges, and costing about 20 per cent less than a solid abutment with wings. Embankment. takes its natural slope from the base of the piers to the end of the reinforced-concrete approach-slab.

Erie Route.

The Canalization of the Hudson River Between Troy and

N ORTHUMBERLAND.

No extensive surveys have been made between the Congress street bridge at Troy, N. Y., and Northumberland on the Hudson river, or between Lake Erie and Tonawanda on the Niagara river, as it is hoped that the United States Government will improve these rivers. The last river and harbor bill passed by the Congress of the United States and approved by the President, contained an item authorizing the expenditure of seven hundred thousand dollars for improving Black Rock harbor and channel and for constructing a ship canal around the upper rapids of the'Niagara river at Black Rock, N. Y. This act seems to definitely commit the United States Government to the improvement of the Niagara river from Buffalo to Tonawanda. If this work is performed by the Government , as we have every reason to expect, there will be saved to the State $591,856 which, when the one hundred and one million-dollar estimates were prepared, it was considered that the State of New York would be required to expend.

The last United States river and harbor bill contained also an item which authorized the Chief of Engineers to make a survey and estimate of cost for improving the Hudson river between the Congress street bridge at Troy and the eastern terminus of the Barge canal at Waterford.

The Secretary of War and the Chief of Engineers of the United States Army have been requested by the State Engineer to hasten as much as possible the work authorized by the river and harbor bill at these two places. The United States assistant engineer in charge of the Hudson river district has been furnished with copies of all maps and data possessed by this Department, relating to this portion of the Hudson river, and it is hoped that an appropriation will be included in the next river and harbor bill to extend the 12-foot channel (which the Government has already excavated to Troy) as far up the Hudson river as Waterford, and possibly to Northumberland. If the United States Government appropriates the money for extending the work to Northumberland, the State of New York will save about six and a half million dollars, the amount estimated to improve this portion of the Hudson river, which was included in the one hundred and one million-dollar estimates.

A well-known army engineer, in a paper prepared for the International Engineering Congress held at St. Louis in 1905, has defined the position of the National Government in its relation to navigation. “ Where artificial waterways are improved natural waterways/’ he says, “ the Government of the United States pays for the improvement

and for its operation, its return for first cost and maintenance being increased material development, with a reminder that there have been Government expenditures in behalf of purely artificial waterways or canals; in other words, that while the limitations of the Government’s authority are not quite clear, its policy toward purely natural waterways is well-defined. Precedent from the time of the first river and harbor bills to the present day emphatically declares the obligation of the central Government to establish and maintain the improved natural waterways, where these improvements are obviously needed by large public interests and are sought by commercial movements of a magnitude sufficient to warrant the expenditure. The right to regulate commerce entails the responsibility of providing for that commerce. It is not in the attitude of self-assertion but rather of respectful recognition of the Federal Government’s authority over its rivers and harbors that the people of New York State petition the Government to expend a moderate sum upon one of the greatest “ natural waterways ” of the country, believing that none can dispute that the project will amply pay for “first cost and maintenance” by “increased material development.”

This statement the author qualifies

Even with the National Government and its corps of engineers the proposition for a canal across New York has long been a favorite theme, though always under less favorable circumstances than at present. As early as 1875 there were submitted by the Chief of Engineers the results of extended surveys and examinations of several prospective lines for a through canal from the Great Lakes to the seaboard. The locations then followed were those which had been advocated from the earliest period of canal history in America. The same great national routes (except from Lake Erie to the Hudson) were again investigated by the United States Board of Deep Waterway Engineers, reporting in 1900. They were: first, the route from Lake Erie to the Hudson river; second, that from Lake Ontario to the Hudson; and finally, the route from the St. Lawrence river to the connecting waters of Lake Champlain, across the divide to the Hudson somewhere in the vicinity of Fort Edward and thence by an improved channel down to the existing head of navigation maintained by the United States Government at Troy. The surveys of 1875 proposed in general a depth of canal prism to admit boats drawing 12 feet of water. The recent project, however, involved the construction of a ship canal, the great cost of which seemed to prevent further effort in its behalf.

■■•.3

•;

fill

CIS

NJr

||

m\

(I

-W-M:

..

/I

f'

Steel Hydraulic Dredge, Contract Xo 4, Barge Canal — Erie Route. View showing discharge of excavated material.

Realizing the disinclination of the Government to undertake a project of such magnitude, and one which is in part that of canalbuilding as well as that of canalization of existing waterways, New York has assumed the responsibility and has begun the construction of a great canal along not only one but all three of the routes projected by the United ’States Government. Thus the work upon which New York State has embarked is, together with the Panama and a very few other canals, an undertaking which has been deemed worthy of weighty and costly consideration by the National Government, and this State is, in fact, simply executing the plans projected by the Government. While the State has taken upon itself the charge, there are in connection with the project two details which are distinctly improvements of large natural waterways. One is the entrance to the western terminus of the canal by way of the Niagara river, and the other is the canalization of the Hudson river from Troy to the vicinity of Northumberland, which is a part of the scheme foi securing 12-foot navigation between the coast and Lake Champlain. These details clearly fall within the province of the Federal Government in its improvement of natural watercourses, and there seems to be no plausible reason why the Congress should not bear this minor expense, especially as such action simply aids in accomplishing the vast undertaking which the Government has already spent large sums to project. Indeed, the first of these details has already been afforded recognition and a Federal appropriation of seven hundred thousand dollars is assured. It is for the second that the State now invokes the Federal aid-

While the canalization of the Hudson river between Troy and Northumberland can not be separated from the whole great project, the State is ready to undertake the larger part of the work of modernizing its canals, and the local effort amply justifies national co-operation. Even if the project for river improvement is considered apart from the great system of canals, the Government still has the strongest reason for extending its aid. Long ago it adopted the Hudson river up to the State dam at Troy as its own. It has since maintained, and is committed to the preservation of a navigable channel of 12-foot depth northward to that point. The traffic on that river, to⁻ which reference will be made later, amounts to little less than twenty million tons yearly, and the river presents the spectacle of being one of the mightiest watercourses which penetrate the interior of our country. Opening as it does from the great seaport of the Union, it has, perhaps, exercised more of an influence upon our nation’s history and welfare than any other. Moreover, northward from the stretch which it is proposed to improve extends the line of the new trunk canal to Lake Champlain, now in process of construction. Through Lake Champlain, and between the states of New York and Vermont, navigation is unimpeded. From the north end of that body of water the Richelieu river flows northward through Canadian territory into the St. Lawrence at a point some forty-six miles below Montreal. This river is rendered navigable to boats of about five or six feet draught by means of the Chambly canal and St. Ours lock, but as far north as the town of St. Johns it is suitable, with very slight expenditure, for a 12-foot draught. From St. Johns there has been long and seriously proposed a cross-cut by a route which has been examined twice, as already stated, by the United States Government and declared entirely feasible for the location of a ship or barge canal. In less than forty miles of alignment this proposed cross-cut, which has been known as the Caughnawaga canal, would connect the Richelieu river with the St. Lawrence at a point somewhat upstream from Montreal. Rs construction has been ardently advocated in Canada as well as in connection with our waterways, and at least one company has been formed and chartered to undertake the work. The chief, and hitherto the insurmountable drawback, has been in the failure of the States to co-operate by continuing the same facilities for navigation from the south end of Lake Champlain to the Hudson river and the ocean. Thus it appears probable that the stretch of thirty or forty miles of canal at the extreme northerly end will not long continue to be the only missing link in a great international waterway which threads its course, almost in a straight line between the metropolis of the United States and that of the Dominion of Canada, and of which the slight additional stretch of the Hudson river, that the United States Government is asked to improve and maintain as its share, is an integral and important part.

The traffic advantages accruing to the United States from this quickened, international intercourse may be predicted, when it is remembered that the cargo at Montreal must needs choose between two routes to the open ocean; one 1,000 miles long to the Straits of Belle Isle through treacherous, ice-bound channels, where the insurance rates are exorbitant, and the other over the safe channels of Lake Champlain, the Hudson and the canals, a distance of only 400 miles to the splendid harbor of New York.

But aside from the international significance of this waterway it has had a distinct national or interstate character from the time when the great plot of the Revolution hinged on dividing the colonies by military invasions along this strategic route. The early promoters of the Champlain canal saw that there was a considerable land-locked section of Vermont and northern New York which lay more or less stagnant because of the inferior outlet for its products. From natural conditions alone, as the table of distances (No. 1) will show, this district would be compelled to form a commercial alliance with Canada rather than with the New York and New England seaboard. In 1817, before the construction of the Champlain canal, they predicted that “it would divert from the province of Lower Canada, and turn to the south, the profits of the trade of Lake Champlain.”² An examination of the detailed statements for this canal over a series of years—statements similar to that of Tables 4 and 5—will demonstrate to what extent the canal has transported the products of Vermont and Canada, as well as of northern New York, and will in some measure illustrate its services towards opening up the marble quarries of Vermont and stimulating the “celebrated Champlain iron district.”3 And since the bulk of the traffic through the Chambly canal consists of the Ottawa lumber trade southward (see Table No. 2), which, on account of poor facilities of late years has passed largely to the railroads, it is apparent that the new waterway in which the Government is asked to interest itself will benefit to a very large extent the outlying country—New England, and particularly the Vermont district.

The project affords an opportunity for the Federal Government to extend its aid to an inland section, cut off of necessity from participation in many of the privileges of the coast and the appropriations therefor. The State of Vermont has had a very meagre allotment from the river and harbor expenditures of the nation, as will be shown later. This is the only state north of Mason and Dixon’s line and east of the Mississippi river which has no frontage on either the Great Lakes or the ocean, and therefore is entirely dependent on an artificial outlet. As an interstate waterway, the general Government can therefore afford to recognize the great northern canal, and to lend a

²    Statement of canal commissioners. Assembly Journal, 1817, page 588.

³    The need of a commercial outlet from Lake Champlain was so keenly felt by the people

of Vermont in the early years that, it is stated, a “ship canal to connect Lake Champlain with the Saint Lawrence” was earnestly advocated. However, “the opening of the Champlain Canal, in 1823, affording improved facilities of transportation from the western part of Vermont .    .    . soon caused artificial waterway projects to be abandoned.” (Encyclo

pedia Americana, article on Vermont.), A local Vermont historian writes: “The raising of wool was greatly encouraged by the tariff of 1828, and by the opening of the Champlain Canal. From this latter event the dairy interests of the State received great encouragement

Until the onening of the canal the quarries of the State, since so rich and promising, languished for the lack of transportation facilities.” (The Story of Vermont, J. L. Heaton, published by D. Lothrop and Company, 1839, page 150.) According to the last census (12th Census, “Mines and Quarries,” 1902, page 326. See also the reports of the Vermont State Geologist), Vermont produced 52.1 per cent, by value, of the marble quarried in the United States and 25.7 per cent of its total output of slate. These and other products of the Vermont quarries and mines have been, in the words of the census, “shipped beyond the limits of the United States and found a market in practically every civilized country of the world.” The supply is elsewhere reported as “practically illimitable.” The quarries, moreover, lie in the western part of the State, accessible from the lake and canal, and the character of the output is such as to be peculiarly adapted to water transportation.

helping hand. Meanwhile New York has refrained from making any extensive surveys or letting any contracts upon that section between Troy and Northumberland so as to leave the army engineers free to operate on an independent basis from the start.

In further support of the proposition that the waterway up the Hudson river and across to Lake Champlain is by no means exclusively of interest to the port and state of New York, reference should be had once more to the table (No. 1) illustrating the proximity to the Canadian market of the district tributary to this waterway. Table No. 2 will also exhibit the large proportion of trade between American and Canadian ports as compared with the local Canadian traffic on the Chambly canal, and Table No. 3 will serve to warn us that Montreal, as a rising competitor, is more than a mere illusion. The last column of that table demonstrates the fact that the Canadian metropolis has doubled its proportion of the total export trade of the five great Atlantic ports in the last twenty or twenty-five years. The diagram exhibiting graphically the growth of the export trade of these five ports will further emphasize the steady and rapid growth of the trade of Montreal, continuing uninterruptedly throughout the decline which the four ports of the United States have generally experienced during the last half decade. Evidently the country has somewhere been negligent in its efforts to hold the export trade from the interior. Apparently, too, the Canadian Government is actively reaping the benefits of its liberal canal policy, and it behooves the United States to recognize these facts in a substantial way.

There is also another phase of this subject which seems to justify the central Government in coming-to the aid of the State of New York at this time. The appropriations of the United States Government for river and harbor improvement from 1802 to 1904, inclusive, as compiled approximately from the Chief of Engineers’ Reports and other sources, amount to $467,994,000.⁴ Yet during this period only about $33,860,000, or 7£ per cent, has been appropriated for projects within the State of New York. The percentage is substantially the same if projects along the New Jersey or Vermont boundary lines are included. Table No. 6 is suggestive in this connection. The purpose of this table is to demonstrate that New York State has not enjoyed its due share of the Federal appropriations. For example, in the year 1904 its combined export and import trade was practically equal to the sum total of all the combined export and import trade of the remaining 90 per cent (by population) of the United

⁴ This figure is made up from the Chief of Engineers’ statement covering the period 1802 1900, and from the original bills for 1901-1904. For the latter period some provisional appropriations are included, also the entire $3,000,000 emergency appropriation of April 28, 1904.

States; yet this State received, as a return benefit with which to maintain its facilities for handling its immense contribution to the commerce of our country, only seven and one-half per cent of the total expenditures for river and harbor improvement. If, as a Federal statesman has said, “The General Government improves channels and harbors and imposes a charge upon commerce with a view to obtaining compensation for the improvements/’⁶ is it right that a State furnishing, as did New York in 1904, sixty-four per cent of the imports of the Union, the item upon which this “charge” is based, should yet recover less than eight per cent of the resulting expenditures for “improvements”?

Table No. 7 is a further study of the trade interests of New York State. This table illustrates the fact that New York has commercial interests comparable with those of any foreign nation and that in the volume of her traffic, per capita, she is surpassed by only one people on the face of the earth.

Another table, which is presented as No. 8, shows that New York State, while constituting an important part of the country, still possesses a far smaller proportion of the population, wealth and income of the United States than it furnishes of the commerce, and, therefore, has need of the assistance of the Federal Government, to which it turns over all the revenues of its foreign trade.

Table No. 9, which is taken almost bodily from the report for 1904 of the Department of Commerce and Labor, exhibits the meagreness of the allotments to New York from a different point of view. It shows the relatively great magnitude of the traffic on the waterways of the State of New York, and the relatively small allotments which these waterways have received. The table shows that relatively small amounts have been expended by the Government on our great natural waterway, the Hudson river. No Federal aid has been extended to us in the construction or maintenance of our great canal system, which even at this low tide of its career carries a traffic second only to that of the Monongahela river in the table, above cited, of “ Seven of the leading waterways of the country.” The State of New York has expended on this system up to recent times and principally on the Erie, Champlain and Oswego canals, the existing trunk lines, an aggregate of $213,000,000 (including interest on loans) and is actively engaged in an unprecedented renovation of this entire system at an estimated cost of $101,000,000, additional. Between the years 1836 and 1882, inclusive, there had arrived at tide-water from the Erie and Champlain canals traffic originating within New

⁵ See speech of Hon. Theodore E. Burton of Ohio, chairman of the House Committee on Rivers and Harbors before the National Rivers and Harbors Congress in 1901.

York State to the amount of about 37,000,000 tons; but during the same period 70,000,000 tons had been shipped to tide-water over these canals from without the State. Since the abolition of tolls in 1882 this ratio has increased and the States to the east and west will continue to enjoy a very large share of the benefits of the system. It is also significant that in the great continuous chain of waterways which reach from the Atlantic coast through the land to the western extremity of Lake Superior, that portion across New York State from the Hudson to Lake Erie is the only link for which the Federal Government has not expended its millions, and it is moreover—even for the freight which comes all or in part by rail—the key to all the rest of the route, the key to the “greatest internal waterway in the world, having a ton mileage equal to nearly 40 per cent of that of the entire railroad system of the United States.”⁶

It has been now clearly shown that the Federal allotments to the State of New York are quite out of proportion to her contributions to the trade and revenues of the country. Not only, however, is this indisputably true, but it is even a fact that New York has received less than her just measure of the appropriations on the basis of distribution according to population. Her share of the expenditures for rivers and harbors for ten years, from 1895 to 1904, inclusive, was $12,293,000. With a population of 7,268,894 in 1900, this therefore, amounted to a per capita expenditure of $1.69. During the same period there was expended in the United States at large $177,227,400, for a population of about 75,994,575, or $2.33 per capita. If this test is applied to the total appropriations for the period 1802-1904, inclusive, the expenditures for New York and the United States, respectively, are $4.66 and $6.16 per capita of the population in 1900. As already remarked, the amounts expended in improvements, which, though classed as miscellaneous, yet benefit New York State in part—as for example projects on border territory —are not of magnitude sufficient to affect this comparison materially and would not make a difference of half a million dollars one way or the other.

When New York is compared with other states, it is to be remembered that many have no important waterways within or adjoining their borders and that others, as for example those contiguous to the Mississippi river—the appropriations for which are fast reaching the $100,000,000 mark—derive a benefit from immense expenditures while the accounts for these expenditures are entered in a general fund and not distributed among the several states participating

⁸Twelfth Census, Vol. VII, page Iviii

directly in the benefits which accrue. Nevertheless it is significant that where, according to the Chief of Engineers’ reports (See Index 1866-1900, page 1348 et seq.), the State of New York, between 1802 and 1900, enjoyed aid from the Government in the improvement of its harbors and rivers to the extent of S3.92 per capita of its population at the latter date, and Vermont (a State whose interests are perhaps no less subserved by the proposed legislation than those of New York) to the extent of only $2.28; yet western States, which have been virtually settled only during the last half of that period, have secured appropriations from the Federal funds amounting in 1900, on the basis of the same census (1900), to very considerable sums, as for instance Oregon and California, with per capita expenditures of S6.73 and $6.19, respectively. As compared with $3.92 per capita for the Empire State (the only State with both a lake and ocean frontage to consume the appropriation), others throughout the country have fared notably well; Wisconsin has had $5.32, Maine $7.28, Florida $8.76, Texas $5.07, Michigan $10.18, Rhode Island $8.24, Maryland $4.33, South Carolina $5.34 and West Virginia $5.18 per capita.

It appears, in short, that the 10 per cent of the population of the United States composing the State of New York is charged with the expense of accommodating 50 per cent of the foreign trade, the receipts for which it turns over to the general Government, and that in return it is assisted by that Government to the extent of just about 74 per cent of the total moneys appropriated for harbor and river improvement for the utilization of the commerce of the realm.

Again if the Federal Government is, like Providence, disposed to help those who help themselves, it will find no State or section of the land more deserving than New York. She has always felt that the through routes of communication she provided to the interior merited some share of national consideration, and the Government at Washington has committed itself to that view in late years by expending no less than $450,000 (besides earlier appropriations) for the examination of a ship canal route across that state from the Great Lakes to the seaboard. Nevertheless, upon being refused, New York has again and again bent herself heroically to the task, alone and unaided. She has spent, as we have said, the sum of approximately $213,000,000 upon her canal system, amounting to $29.30 per capita of her present population (1900 census) and has undertaken actively the expenditure of $101,000,000 more, making a total appropriation to date equivalent to $43.19 per capita, and she requests of the Government aid to the extent of about $0.98 per capita of her population or $0.09 per capita of the population of the country, representing a sum which would cover both the Hudson river and the Niagara river projects. Her per capita share in the total appropriations to date would then become $5.64, while the appropriation for the United States at large up to the present time averages $6.16 per capita.

This appeal of the State of New York seems the more moderate when it is considered that the neighboring Dominion of Canada has expended no less than $100,000,000 upon her canal system, amounting to $18.62 per capita on the basis of a population of 5,371,315, and that there are under way projects involving the expenditure of a second $100,000,000, making to date practically an assured expenditure of $37.24 per capita, and this without considering the numerous appropriations for river and harbor improvement in the Dominion.⁷ That New York should be called upon to contest almost single-handed a large proportion of these extensive outlays made for the immediate and avowed purpose of diverting the traffic of the interior from American to Canadian channels is—whether just or unjust—the accepted situation. That the Federal Government should not begrudge the small contribution asked of it would seem to be, however, patent.

Not only Canada but all of Europe has in late years, and with remarkable unanimity, awakened to the demands and benefits of water transportation for the interior. In England and in Germany, and in Belgium and the Netherlands, in Russia and in Austria, great sums have been spent in the extension and improvement of navigable waterways and harbors connecting. In the single instance of France, with a population of 39,118,995, fully $800,000,000 has been expended in the improvement of rivers and harbors, an amount of $20.45 per capita, and by one act of December, 1903, nearly $40,700,000 was appropriated for a series of important works for the betterment of inland navigation.⁸

Thus it appears that the United States Government, which from the beginning has expended upon New York only about $4.66 per capita of that State’s population, has fallen as far short of a noble emulation of foreign and neighboring countries as has New York State herself—though stripped of the direct revenue of her commerce —exceeded these nations in the amounts of her appropriations, in her devotion to the principle of internal navigation, and thereby in her gratuitous service to the vast interior of the land.

⁷    See address of Ernest Marceau before Canadian Society C. E., January, 1S06, page 10, and Annual Report of Minister of Railways and Canals for 1902-3, part ii, page 28.

⁸    See for example, speech of Hon. Theodore E. Burton before the National Rivers and Harbors Congress in 1901; also vol. 54, part F, page 241 of the American Society C. E. Transactions and La Navigation Interieure, Rivieres et Canaux by Mm. Mazoyer Rigaux, Galliot and Claise, Paris, 1902, United States Consular reports, etc.

New York asks for this help in connection with a department of the United States administration which has been favored with notably small appropriations, not only in proportion to its economic importance, but even compared with other branches of the Federal administration, and ridiculously diminutive alongside of the naval appropriations—a department, however, wrhich has been scrutinized closely of late and in which the most careful examination could not classify more than five per cent of the expenditures, as even of doubtful expediency, in the least degree representing a misuse of the people’s money. Will the Congress consider vThat would have been lost to' the United States had not the New York canals been constructed? Will that distinguished body reflect what assured national benefits would have been impugned had the State Government and the people lately yielded to the clamor of many who urged the abandonment rather than the renovation of the system and the expenditure of another hundred million of dollars? And will it refuse the well deserved assistance, because, forsooth, it knowTs the community has energetically made up its mind to prosecute this beneficent international undertaking, even though it should have to stagger under the weight of other men’s burdens?

jT

TABLE NO. 1.

Table Showing Distances of the Region Around Lake Champlain from Ocean Navigation, First by Way of the States and Second by Way of Canada,

Miles to

FROM

New York.

St. Lawrence river, 46 miles below Montreal.

United States-Canada boundary line§

Plattsburg*........................

Burlington*........................

Head of Champlain canal§...........

81

301

-'.Ml

L'l'.l

110

I 21

192

Note.—The tolls have lately been removed from the Chambly canal, which, with the Richelieu river, forms the Canadian outlet from Lake Champlain. It is also noteworthy that New York is 3,540 miles from Liverpool, while Montreal is only 3,220 miles away from that port (see Report of “Greene” committee 1899, page 15), and also that if a canal were constructed from St. Johns directly to Montreal (as often proposed) the distance to the St. Lawrence would be diminished.

* Distances approximate.

§ Distances from Report of Canadian Minister of Railways and Canals.

TABLE NO. 2.

Traffic on Chambly Canal for the Season of 1902.

From Report of Canadian Minister of Railways and Canals. (Page 106 et. seq.)

ITEMS.

From

Canadian to U. S. ports.

From U. S. to Canadian ports.

Totals.

Apples.....................

Agricultural products, animal

Cement and water lime......

Clay, lime and sand.........

Coal.......................

Crockery, earthenware.......

Flour......................

Glass......................

Pressed hay................

Iron.......................

Iron ore....................

Other ore..................

Oats.......................

Paint......................

Flax seed..................

Rosin......................

Wrought stone..............

Steel......................

Tin........................

Wool.............;........

N on-enum erated............

Fire wood in vessels.........

Hop poles..................

Lumber, sawn, in vessels.....

Masts, spars, etc., in vessels..

Railway ties, in vessels......

Timber, square, in vessels.... Woodenware, etc............

Totals, tons............

Tons.

Tons.

151

3,154

25,049

23,768

99

52

29,711

2,963

194,052

25,00i

'2,334

254,160

94

29,347

4,830

17

15

1,331 2,694 336 3,120 1,090 .

1,046

137

73

127

96,439

350,599

Between Canadian Ports.

Up.

Down.

Total tons

12,607

16,236 28,843

Grand total

379,442

Notes.—Total tolls for same year, $22,713.31 (including passengers),

350,599

379,442

Tolls have since been abolished.

The Chambly canal was, during this season, closed November 30 (1902), and opened May 1 (1903).

whence

X 22,713.31 == the minimum sum contributed by United States exports and imports in the form of tolls.

miMsk

Diagram

showing the progress of Export trade of Five leading Atlantic ports of North America and illustrating the steady and rapid relative growth of the interests of Montreal, especially since 1900.

80

oy

Qy

;/

''

Millions of ' Dollars

Qvv

6(T

$/

^evv, ,

'-o-'

?/

ft

"A

4-0

-~-!/S.deJph

o—

20

°I88I

1885

1890

DATE

1895

1900

1905

NOTE *• Figures For New York reduced five times.

TABLE NO. 3.

Table of Exports From Principal Atlantic Ports of North America, 18S1-1905.

DATE. Montreal.

Boston.

New York.

Phila

delphia.

Total for Baltimore. the five ports.

0). <X>

M O ^

§®3

SI

OOOOiOi^^H-COOfcOCiOCOOOH-OOCOOiOOCCKOOOOOM

1881 .. . 825,997,155 $73,433,677 $407,181,024 $44,229,705 $72,471,693 $623,313,254

1882.    .. 26.503,001    62,471,426    344,503,775    38,131,258    39,428.236 511,037,696

1883.    .. 27,122,891    62,356,749    361,425,361    38,147,744    55,003,351 544,056,096

1884.. . 27,458,775    63,497,829    329,883,267    36,492,568    43,079,294500,411,733

1885. .. 25,209,813    62,000,103    344,514,761    38,723,261    45,052,904 515,500,842

1886.. . 27,925,916    54,099,068    314,329,411    33,753,317    35,847,788465,955,500

1887.    .. 29,391,858    59,001,505    316,347,219    35,426,856    51,607,149 491,774,587

1888.    .. 24,049,638    56,457,384    310,627,496    28,845,861    46,236,727 466,217,106

1889.    .. 32,638,270    66,833,595    319,838,555    29,774,911    50,611,662 499,696,993

1890.    .. 32,027,176    71,201,944    349,051,791    37,410,683    73,983,693 563,675,287

1891.    .. 39,344,783    77,020,081    346,528,847    33,674,355    64,412,247 560,980,313

1892

1893

1894

45,638,275    87,175,636    413,952,783    58,541,457    98,850,197 704,158,348

47,700,433    85,460,422    347,395,717    49,402,482    71,506,995 601,466,049

40,401,392    83,972,460    369,146,365    40,500,786    78,422,129612,443,132

1895.. . 40,348,197    85,505,196    325,580,062    35,043,093    61,938,991548,415,539

1896.    .. 49,160,364    95,851,004    354,274,941    39,567,376    66,398,905 605,252,590

1897.    .. 55,156,956    100,857,281    391,679,907    47,305,273    85,692,651 680,692,068

1898.. . 62,729,180    117,531,903    445,515,794    56,244,436    118,845,580 800,866,893

1899.. . 64,040,982    128,037,149    459,444,217    60,950,065    107,156,240 819,628,653

1900.. . 62,496,431    112,195,555    518,834,471    78,406,031    115,530,378 887,462,866

1901.. . 56,220,759    143,708,232    529,592,978    79,354,025    106,239,081 915,115,075

1902.    .. 59,775,673    102,404,304    490,361,695    80,383,403    80,532,512 813,457,587

1903.    .. 70,939,510    88,126,444    505,829,694    73,531,968    81,704,497 820,132,113

1904.    .. 57,947,045    89,845,772    506,808,013    71,411,934    82,836,164 808,848,928

1905.    . . 73,786,548 *87,804,492 *524,726,005 *63,278,070 *91,215,058 840,810,173

Note.—Taken from table pace 66, Sixty-third annual Report of the Council of the Montreal Board of Trade 1905. and page 111, Foreign Commerce and Navigation of the United States 1904.

* From World Almanac, 1906.

TABLE NO. 4.

. Total Quantity op Shipments op each Article First Cleared on the Champlain Canal at Whitehall During the Season of 1904.

South Bound.

Quantity Cleared.

ARTICLES.

Coming

fom

Canada.

Coming

from

New York.

Coming ] from

Vermont, j

Total

cleared.

THE FOREST.

Tons.

Tons.

Tons.

Tons.

Product of wood.

Boards and scantling......

Shingles.................

Timber..................

Wood...................

Pulp wood...............

Wood pulp..............

44,826

'' 2 ,oii

i68,645 2,245

29,753

1,700

17,822

16,176

194

4,556

798

79,135

6

3,711

18,620

184,821

2,439

AGRICULTURE.

Hay.... Corn.... Apples.. Potatoes

Vegetable food.

9,613

192

1,106

116

10,835

120

234

192

1,902

1,902

GENERAL.

General............

Stone, lime and clay

Iron ore............

Sundries............

736

736

264

78,175

212

63

78,175

Total cleared at Whitehall.

5,767

227,796

147,904

381,467

Note.—Taken from tables on pages 287-292, Report of Superintendent of Public Works on Canals, 1904.

TABLE NO. 5.

Total Quantity of Shipments of Each Article Left from the Champlain Canal at Whitehall During the Season of 1904.

North Bound.

Quantity Left.

OTHER ARTICLES.

Going to Canada.

Going to ! New York.

Going to Vermont.

Total

left.

THE FOREST.

I Tons.

Tons.

Tons.

Tons.

Product of wood.

Boards and scantling......

Timber..................

Wood...................

Pulp wood...............

Wood pulp..............

1,164 ill 280

29,593

2,180

17,620

184,821

1,904

1,075

31,832 2,460 17,620 184,821 1,904

Hay

AGRICULTURE. Vegetable food.

MANUFACTURES.

Pig iron......

Domestic salt Foreign salt..

1,008

94

243

162

1,008

337

162

MERCHANDISE.

Iron and steel........

All other merchandise

3,466

5,659

317

411

3,010

3,783

9,080

OTHER ARTICLES.

Stone, lime and clay

Anthracite coal.....

Bituminous coal.....

Sundries............

114

16,962

71,575

3,768

1 ,313 29,663 7,841

25

1,446

36.380

12,992

19,721

137,618

24,601

139

Total left at Whitehall

55,308

102,988

276,792

435,088

TABLE NO. 6.

Table Showing the Proportion of the Federal Expenditures for Rivers and Harbors which New York State Receives and the Proportion of the Foreign Commerce (and so Approximately of the Customs Receipts) wh ch it Contributes.

YEAR.

Expended in the United States.

Percen-Expended tage exin the    pended

State of in the New    State

York.a of New York.

Exports and imports of the United States, b

Percen-

Exports and tage con-imports of tributed the State by the of New York. State of New York,

C$18,440,995    $916,000

17,039,732    1,007,000

13,461,396    1,038,000

d 17,161,799    1,480,000

15,167,295    1,135,000

18,671,341    960,000

19,621,228    1,163,000

1902 ....... 15,410,647    1,493,000

1903 ....... 18,327,871    1,285,000

1904 ....... 23,925,096    1,816,000

1895

1896 ......

1897 ......

1898 ......

1899 .....

1900

1901

COi—

$1,539,508,130    $840,834,225

1,662,331,612    893,945,737

1,815,723,908    913,932,462

1,847,531,984    891,116,988

1,924,171,791    972,145,537

2,244,424,266    1,122,520,587

2,310,937,156    1,119,666,976

2,285,040,349    1,118,208,004

2,445 «S60 ,916    1,205,067,483

2,451,914,642    1,197,643,536

COCOOOQOOOQOOCOrf*.

Totals... $177,227,400 $12,293,000    6.94    $20,527,444,814 110,275,081,535    50.05

a Figures in this column are compiled approximately from Chief of Engineers’ reports. b Probably includes Alaska and Hawaii. See report of United States Bureau of Statistics for 1904 on Commerce and Navigation, pages 105 and 136. c The portion of the expenditures made under the Mississippi and Missouri River Commissions is here assumed to be $3,000,000, the exact figures not being readily available, d Does not include sum of about $100,000, for maintaining works at South Pass, Mississippi River.    „

TABLE NO. 7.

Table Showing the Foreign Commerce of New York State, and for Comparison, That of the Principal Countries of the World*

COUNTRY.

Date.

Imports.

Exports.

Per Capita.

Imports. Exports.

Argentina.................

Australasia: Commonwealth New Zealand..

Austria-Hungary...............

Belgium......................

Bolivia..................... . .

Brazil........................

British Colonies................

Bulgaria....................

Canada.......................

Central America: Costa Rica....

Guatamala... .

Honduras.....

Nicaragua.....

San Salvador..

1903

1902

1902

1903 1903 1902

1903

1902

1903

Chile.... China. ... Colombia Cuba.... Denmark Ecuador. Egypt... Finland.. France.. .

1904

1902

1900

1902

1902

1902

1902

1903

Algeria...........

Tunis.............

French Colonies. .. French East Indies

German Empire........

German Colonies..

1898

1903

1903

1902

1903

1902

1903 1903 1903 1902 1902

1903

$126,614,000 $213,250,000 203,644,000 55,121,000 381,054,000 512,679,000 5,587,000 120,747,000 475,370,000 15,788,000 243,590,000 4,415,000 3,018,000 1,672,000 2,170,000 2,624,000 ,336,000 ,607,000 ,695,000 ,826,000 ,180,000

Greece.......

Haiti........

India, British Italy........

1902

1902

1901

213,713,000 66,403,000 432,345,000 407,295,000 11,076,000 180,219,000 280,744,000 20,858,000 177,833,000 5,661,000 7,134,000 2,357,000 4,061,000 3,926,000 67,846,000 138,472,000 18,487,000 77,849,000 94,470,000 8,811,000 96,584,000 41,150,000 820,685,000 55,526,000 13,780,000 35,394,000 ,0001    41,074,000

,640,000 1,193,483,000 ,193,000

,573,000

,632,000

,704.000

,137,000

,449,000

$20 74 54 00 69 95 7 69 68 64 3 07 7 93 32 21

3    67 41 19

14    10 18 33

2 16

4    37 2 60

15    84

$36 13 56 66 84 27 8 55 55 52 6 09 12 31 19 45

5    34 35 95 18 09 43 32

3 04

6    48 3 89

22 23

48

2 67 37 40 47 35

5    84 7 52

16 47

21    76 13 55

4 62 49 50 34 78

7    32

8    94 14 26 21 06 12 83

3 97

1    36

2    22 19 02

Eritrea (Massoua)

Japan F

Korea

Mexico..............

Netherlands..........

Dutch East Indies

ormosa

1902-3

1903

1903

1903

1903

1902

1903

,500,000

,054,000

,358,000

,744,000

,933,000

,940,000

,744,000

Norway.......................

Paraguay.....................

Persia........................

Peru.........................

Portugal......................

Roumania.....................

Russia........................

Santo Domingo................

Servia........................

Siam.........................

Spain.........................

Sweden.......................

Switzerland...................

Turkey.......................

United Kingdom...............

United States (less N. Y. State). .

Philippine Islands.........

NEW YORK STATE..........

Uruguay......................

Venezuela.....................

1903

1902

1903

1902

1902

1903

1902

1903

1902

1901

1902

1902

1903

1902

1903

1899-1900

1903

1904

1904

1901

1903

1898

,545,000

,670,000

,270,000j

,703,000

5,264,000 15,375,000 12,760,000 409,535,000 292,867,000 787,000 142,414,000 10,346,000 4,142,000 83,366,000 781,750,000 95,102,000 46,531,000 3,787,000 13,243,000 18,774,000 30,710,000 68,637,000 443,066,000 5,224,000 13,920,000 21,103,000 178,651,000 118,309,000 171,485,000 68,821,0001

,„„„,000

,563,000

2,987,000

8,650,000

15,782,000

185,632,000'

143,351,000'

230,860,000'

107,873,000

2,640,564,000 1 ,415,179,000 355,177,866    873,444,598

33,221,000    30,251,000

635,909,134    561,734,402

25,958,000    38,587,0001

8,560,000    14,900,0001

o«.

33

10 69 4 25

6 35 9 86

86

1 38

10 55

8 75

2 95

1 86

5'i

2 77 2 54

35

5 51 162 20 2 43 34 37

3 57

2    50 4 57

11 06 9 25 2 16 4 £0

3    41

3    15 9 43

25 89 64 89

4    69 61 28

4 89 4 34 82 07 25 62 3 50

6 51 137 08

2    76 20 19

5 95

1    39

3    89 5 66

12 40

2    78 8 57

5    49

4    22 8 66

20 22 50 28 2 37 32 87 12 03 4 36 72 50 35 10

6    09

* Taken principally from the annual report for 1903-4 of the United States Bureau of Statistics on Commerce and Navigation, Vol. I, page 123.

TABLE NO. 8.

A Comparison Showing the Relative Importance of New York in the United States.

ITEM.

United States.a

New York State.

Percentage which New York constitutes.

Rank of New York among the States.

Population, 1890..............

1900..............

Wealth; true valuation, real and

personal property, 1900......

Commerce:

Exports, 1904...............

Imports, 1904...............

Man ufacturing:

Value of manufactured products, 1900d...............

Capital invested in manufacturing, 1900...............

Total wages to persons engaged in manufacturing,

1900.....................

Cost of material used in manufacturing, 1900............

Value of agricultural products, 1899d....................

62,947,714

76,994,575

$94,300,000,0006

.$1.435,179,000 991,087,000

$13,010,036,514

9,831,486,500

2,327,295,545

7,346,358,979

4,717,069,973

5,997,853

7,268,894

$5,686,921,678c

$561,734,402

635,909,134

$2,175,726,900 1,651,210,220

408,855,652 1 ,143,791,776 245,270,600

9.53

9.56

6 03

39.14

64.16

16.72

16.80

17.57

15.57

5.20

a Exclusive of Alaska, Hawaii, Porto Rico, i. e. Continental United States only. b “Statistical Abstract of the U. S.” 28th number 1905 page 630 (estimated.) c Tax Commissioners Report 1901 (Jan. 1902.) d" Abstract 12th Census.” Pages 300 384, etc

TABLE NO. 9.

“River and Canal Traffic in the Fiscal Year Ending June 30, 1904.’’ (a).

“A monthly comparison of the quantity of freight tonnage handled on seven of the leading waterways of the country is given below to show the extent to which these agencies of transportation share in the general freight movement. Excepting the New York State canals and the Chesapeake and Dela- Q ware canal, the freight carried on the other waterways is largely coal floated downstream.”    X

“Freight Traffic by Leading Rivers and Canals, by Months, in the Fiscal Year ending June 30, 1904.”

: Canalization of the Hudson River. 53

Hudson River (f). Year 1890.

Champlain canal (f).

Ohio at Davis

Island Dam.

Kanawha River (Lock 11).

Mononga- New York New York Chesapeake Chesapeake    r>-    _

hela    State State (f) and Dela- and Ohio K ea,,‘n i j

river. canals. Barge canal, ware canal. canal. y' K

MONTHS.

30J3rarao;)

^•noissiramog x djBjsjajuj    ‘A|osoj\[

|-y pjB.wpg jo Ajuoqjni: t-mg •sjbu'bo iq pajnquj -uoo oijjiuj 0| uoiqppu uj

•IIS

^eSBd‘8061 -ioj ajnjg g^joj^ Aiajq jo sq.io \\ t°:jTTqn,T jo luopuai -uuaclng jo jjodaqj ‘8061 JO UOST33S oqj JOJ

801,6491    15,000,000

$4,671,445

Tons.

262,050

209,082

63,584

62,142

269,283

4,206

137,324

127,1251

795,611

743,668

530,551

85,339

500,2511    1,214,8711    3,289,965

Tons.

109,242

135,868

74,41.6

105,329

93,129

28,003

25,879

27,291

28i, iii

166,771

167,832

Tons.

24,835 21,026 18,624 23,540 19,666 23,842 25,879 27,291 44,878 60,564 195,523 14,585

Tons. 28,374 .18,441 28,898 28,037 24,828 1 ,434|

(b)

(q)

4,957

22,811

23,389

23,870

Tons.

72,599

70.525 67,387 88,203

61.526 48,356

"P

"I-

(b)

73,428: 77,739| 72,707

632,470    205,039:

8450,000 $1,000,000!    $1,325,706)    $4,638,960) $16,919,543 ......

(c) (e)    |

(d)

(c)

Tons.

•AjiOBdBO psi'Bmijs;q

Tons.

826,564    607,716

885,362    536,423

692,560    483,962

833,264    472,228

695,805    483,944

416,679    (b)

161,539    (b)

345,400    (b)

986,807    (b)

1,050,912    (b)

954,327    289,276

785,909    428,715

Tons.

July......

August September October. November. December. January... February.. March. April. . May... June. ..

25,000,000

Totals of traffic....    8,635,128 3,302,264

$6,121,846;

Total U. S. appropriations (approx.) 1802-1900..............

(a)—Taken from the Annual Report for 1903-4 of the United States Bureau of Statistics on ‘‘Foreign Commerce and Navigation,” Vol. I, page 83. (b)—Closed.    (c)—Exclusive of some minor appropriations.    (d)—-Includes appropriations jointly for the Green River and a tributary, the Barren River,

(e)—Large amounts have since been appropriated for the Ohio River. (/)—Not contained in original table.

* See Report of New York Commerce Commission, January, 1900, page 278.

Extracts from the Discussion, in the House of Representatives, of the River and Harbor bill of 1905.

Fifty-eighth Congress, Third Session, 1905.

Mr. Burton of Ohio (Chairman of Committee on Rivers and Harbors.)

“That suggests another fact that a larger amount has been expended on this provision for the Delaware River below Philadelphia, made in the year 1902, than has been expended upon the harbor of New York under provision for a deep channel made in 1899.

This channel below the city of Philadelphia has received a larger appropriation already than the channel to the sea of any of the great Atlantic ports—Boston, New York, or Baltimore; larger than Boston, considerably larger than New York, and very much larger than Baltimore.

mo

“ There is only one other port which receives as much (as Philadelphia), and that is the port of Baltimore. In fact, Baltimore receives $50,000 less; because that part of its appropriation is for maintenance.

Mr. Humphreys of Mississippi.

“It is my opinion, howrever, Mr. Chairman, that the greatest conservators of freight rates in this country, in the future even more than in the past, will be the navigable waterways of the country.

“I want to add right here, however, that the extent of a river’s value to the shippers is not measured by the tonnage actually floated on its waters. The most important function which a river performs is as a conservator of freight rates. The improvement of the Great Lakes, which has resulted in lowering rates from the great Northwest to the Atlantic Ocean, has forced the railroads to compete with and so meet these lower rates.”

mi

“We do not own the railroads, and with the lights now before me I hope we never shall; but wre do own the waterways, and I hope we will so improve them, I hope we shall so develop their capacities for successful competition with the railroads, that it will not be necessary for us to undertake the doubtful and dangerous experiment of Government ownership.

Continuing, Mr. Humphreys proceeds to show how small have been certain river and harbor appropriations of the United States Government and by contrast how large have been the appropriations

⁸Congressional Record,1905, page 3076.

¹⁰Id. page 3113.

¹¹ Id. pages 3105-6.

for improvement of waterways in the following Governments: State of New York, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany and the Netherlands.

Mr. Lawrence of Massachusetts.

“It is interesting to note upon what broad and generous lines certain states and municipalities have proceeded in expenditures of this nature. New York State easily leads. It built the Erie canal at a cost to its citizens of over $56,000,000, and has recently voted to expend over $100,000,000 for its enlargement. No better investment could have been made, and the benefit was not at all limited to the State of New York, for the influence of the Erie Canal as a regulator of freight rates has been felt over the entire country.

;M2

The aim of the United States Government should be to place our harbors and waterways in a condition to compete with other countries in the race for commercial supremacy. It needs little argument to show that such appropriations are directly in the interest of the people. General prosperity must continue to be due, in large measure, to the growth of our foreign commerce. . . Therefore the problem of the cost of transportation becomes of vital importance.

Mr. Burgess of Texas.

)) 13

“There not being an adequate supply of revenues to meet all the needs completely those who can and will contribute themselves to the hastening of the consummation of their local project certainly can justly expect some contribution from the Government itself.

Mr. Small of North Carolina.

“This canal (the Erie canal) has always operated as a reliable governor for the engine of industry and traffic. . . The State of New York recently, by a great majority, voted for the issue of bonds to the amount of $101,000,000 to be expended in the relocation and reconstruction of the Erie canal. .    . This is an

JM4

object lesson which should serve to impress the country.

A Canal to Connect the Barge Canal with Cayuga Lake.

Chapter 700 of the laws of 1905 contains the following item: “For the state engineer and surveyor, for the purpose of making a survey for the construction of a canal from some point on the proposed barge canal in or near the Seneca river to Cayuga lake and for the

¹²    Id. page 3098.

13    Id. page 3099.

¹⁴    Id. page 3080.

preparation of maps, plans, specifications and estimates of cost therefor, and other expenses incidental thereto, four thousand dollars ($4,000), or so much thereof as may be necessary.”

The report of Mr. Henry C. Allen, Special Deputy State Engineer, of surveys and estimates made in pursuance of this law, is herewith presented. The maps accompanying this report are on file in this office.

In considering the subject of connecting the Barge canal with Cayuga lake, the question has arisen whether this could not be done most advantageously by changing the route of the main canal—to a route other than that now prescribed by law—so as to bring the line closer to Cayuga lake and at the same time obtain a location that in some respects would excel the chosen one. Careful consideration is being given to the advantages of changing the route of the Barge canal between Fox Ridge and Lyons. The new route which seems to be most feasible follows the Seneca river to the mouth of the Clyde river, thence up the Clyde river through the village of Clyde and the village of Lyons. Some of the advantages of this change would be: first, lessened cost of construction; second, the probable lessened cost of maintenance, including less seepage and damage to adjacent property; third, a wider channel than would be possible upon the location described in the Barge canal law, which would increase the safety and ease of navigating this portion of the canal; fourth, the benefits to about 30,000 acres of land now included in the Montezuma marshes that would arise from the lowering of the water-level; fifth, the lessened cost of connecting the Barge canal with Cayuga and Seneca lakes on the new location. Another advantage of this connection between Cayuga lake and the new Barge canal would arise from the placing of necessary regulating works at the outlet of Cayuga lake, which would greatly benefit the sanitary conditions surrounding the shores of Cayuga lake, particularly in the southerly portion, including part of the City of Ithaca. The principal disadvantages of this change are: first, the necessity of altering the route by legislative action; second, the increased distance between Fox Ridge and Lyons of about eight miles over the location now described by the Barge canal law. However, owing to the higher speeds permissible on the wider channels of the new location, the actual time of transit should not be over two hours greater than on the line mentioned in the Barge canal law.

Li',

Mr. Allen’s report on this subject is as follows:

Albany, N. Y., March 26, 1906.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor,'Albany, N, Y.:

Dear Sir.—Chapter 700 of the laws of 1905 provided an appropriation for the purpose of making a survey, plans and estimates of cost of connecting the Cayuga and Seneca canal with the Barg6 canal.

The Cayuga and Seneca canal extends from a junction with the present Erie canal at Montezuma, up the east side of the Seneca river valley to the foot of Cayuga lake, crosses the outlet, thence through the villages of Seneca Falls and Waterloo to Geneva, at the foot of Seneca lake. A spur extends from the foot of Cayuga lake along the shore of the lake up to Cayuga village, where the open lake is entered. The several elevations, referred to tide-water datum, are: the Erie canal at Montezuma, 393; the Cayuga and Seneca canal at Cayuga, 390; Cayuga lake, 383.5 (mean); and Seneca lake, 440.

The proposed Barge canal is located, by chapter 147 of the laws of 1903, in the Seneca river near Fox Ridge station on the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., and extends westerly across the Montezuma marshes to the north of the said railroad. The most direct route by which a junction of the Cayuga and Seneca canal with the Barge canal, under existing circumstances, may be made, is through the present Erie canal eastwardly through Weedsport, Jordan and Syracuse to the Oswego canal and thence by the Oswego canal to Mud lock near the foot of Onondaga lake.

The Barge canal, when built, will be a substitute for the portions of the Erie and Oswego canals mentioned above, and except that they would serve for a connection with the Cayuga and Seneca canal, they might be abandoned. A more direct and feasible route to make the connection is by way of the Seneca river directly north from Cayuga lake.

Pursuant to your instructions, a survey of the territory between Cayuga lake and the location of the Barge canal has been made, and a map prepared in accordance therewith. A copy of this map is forwarded herewith. A study of the topography and nature of the soil leads me to suggest the location for the proposed connection shown thereon. This line leaves the Barge canal about 2,000 feet east of Fox Ridge and extending to the southwest across the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., enters the Seneca river just north of the West Shore R. R. bridge; thence it follows the river to a point near.the north end of Cayuga lake. At this point it will be necessary to establish works for controlling the water-surface elevation of the lake, and construct a lock to enable navigation to overcome the difference of level. The lower end of Cayuga lake is very shallow. A depth of 12 feet of water below the low water-level of the lake is found at a distance of about 7 miles from the north end, and about 3,500 feet out from the shore; a depth of 9 feet is found at about 3^ miles; and 7 feet at Cayuga village, 2^ miles from the same point.

For the purpose of affording the information and to aid in the determination of the type of canal which it may seem best to adopt for the connection, estimates have been made of the cost of constructing a canal of 7 feet, 9 feet, or 12 feet depth. In any case the conditions seem to call for a location and form of channel in the lake portion much the same. It is proposed to excavate a channel of the prescribed depth next the shore, using the excavated material to form an embankment to protect the channel on the open lake side.

That portion of the canal which is established in the river bed has a width of 150 feet at grade; the land line from Fox Ridge across to the West Shore R. R. bridge has a bottom width of 75 feet for the 7-foot and 9-foot canals and of 110 feet for the 12-foot canal. The bottom width along the side of Cayuga lake is 75 feet for all depths of canal.

The hydraulics of the Seneca river between Baldwinsville and Cayuga lake have received study, and investigations of the fluctuations of level of the lake and flow of water in the river have been made by the engineers of this Department. Computations have been made to determine the probable elevation of the water-surface at points all along the river’s course for the volume of flow, after the proposed improvements have been made. These computations show that, in the low stages and up to 2,000 cubic feet per second at Baldwinsville, the slope will be so little that, at the outlet of Cayuga lake, the water will be so low as to draw the lake considerably below the lowest water-mark. It would be detrimental and damaging to the shores of this lake to draw the water below the natural low watermark. To control the water in the lake the works heretofore referred to are found to be necessary. For detailed information relative to our findings reference is made to the tables and diagrams attached.

Table No. 1.

Table showing the Estimated Elevation of the Surface of the Water in the Seneca River at the Foot of Cayuga Lake, after the Completion of the Barge Canal.

Glenn D. Holmes, Engineer, Water-supply.

Channel.

Discharge.

Elevation,

water-

surface.

Discharge.

Elevation,

water-

surface.

Discharge.

Elevation,

water-

surface.

12 feet deep........

12 feet below Fox Ridge-7 feet above Fox Ridge........

Second-feet.

2,000

375.66

Second-feet.

7,000

379.96

Second-feet. . 20,000

386.25

2,000

376.11

7,000

380.73

20,000

386.25

Table No. 1 shows that, with a canal 12 feet deep from Fox Ridge to the foot of the lake, the elevation of the water in the canal before entering the lake will be 375.66, with a flow at Bald wins ville dam of 2,000 cubic feet per second; 379.96, with a flow of 7,000 cubic feet per second (the mean summer flood); an elevation of 386.25 with the maximum flood of 20,000 cubic feet per second, which occurs rarely. With a depth of 7 feet in the proposed canal between Fox Ridge station and Cayuga lake, the elevations with the corresponding discharges will be 376.11, 380.73 and 386.25. The elevations with a 9-foot channel will be less than for a 7-foot channel, but greater than those for a 12-foot channel, except that the elevations for extreme floods will be practically the same in all cases, owing to the fact that in extreme floods the entire area of the Montezuma marshes is under water. This shows that it will not only be necessary to place a lock in the canal at the foot of Cayuga lake, but that it will also be necessary to build regulating works in the Seneca river at the foot of the lake, to maintain the water in the lake at an elevation which will permit the entrance of boats to the various landings. The regulating works would be similar to those built by the State at the foot of Seneca lake, and in general would consist of a dam, in which is placed sluice gates for the passage of extreme floods. By means of the regulating works, the high water in Cayuga lake in the spring months could be drawn off more rapidly than at present, and by the closing of the gates in the summer months the water in the lake could be maintained at an elevation necessary for navigation. The present outlet of Cayuga lake into the Seneca river is shallow and during the fall months is badly obstructed by eel-grass and other aquatic plants. With the new construction it will be necessary to widen and deepen the outlet for a short distance above the regulating works and the increased depth and flow through the channel will probably prevent the growth of weeds therein.

Depth of Canal.

Plans and estimates have been made for depths of 7 feet, 9 feet and 12 feet in the proposed connecting canal. Heretofore all of the traffic from Cayuga lake into the Cayuga and Seneca canal and so on into the Erie has been carried with a depth of 7 feet, and the harbors along the lake cannot be entered at low water by boats drawing more than 6 feet.

In estimating the cost of the lock, it is assumed that its length and width of chamber will conform to the Barge canal standard, and that its depth will be fixed according to the depth of canal which it is finally determined to construct.

The estimates of cost are as follows:

Estimates of Cost.

Estimate No. 1. For a depth of 12 feet of water in the canal from Fox Ridge to deep water in Cayuga lake:

110 feet. 150 feet. 75 feet.

Bottom width of channel, Fox Ridge to Seneca river.

Bottom width of channel in Seneca river...........

Bottom width of channel along Cayuga lake........

$2,677,000

Lock at the foot of Cayuga lake 45 feet wide, 328 feet long between miter-sills and 12 feet over miter-sills Estimated cost..................................

Estimate No. 2. For 9 feet depth of water from Fox Ridge to deep water in Cayuga lake:

75 feet. 150 feet. 75 feet.

Bottom width of channel, Fox Ridge to Seneca river

Bottom width of channel in Seneca river............

Bottom width of channel along Cayuga lake........

Lock at the foot of Cayuga lake 45 feet wide, 328 feet between miter-sills and 7 feet in depth on miter-sills.

$1,918,000

. Estimated cost,

Estimate No. 3. For 7 feet depth of water from Fox Ridge to deep water in Cayuga lake:

75 feet. 150 feet. 75 feet.

Bottom width of channel, Fox Ridge to Seneca river

Bottom width of channel in Seneca river ..........

Bottom width of channel along Cayuga lake........

Lock at the foot of Cayuga lake 45 feet wide, 328 feet between miter-sills and 7 feet depth on miter-sills.

$1,647,000

Estimated cost..................................

Regulation of Surface Elevation of Cayuga Lake.

Considerable study has been given by Mr. W. B. Landreth to the regulation of the water-surface in Cayuga lake. The problem is greatly complicated by the fact that Cayuga lake acts as a reservoir not only for the water which falls on its own watershed of 813 square miles, but also for the water which falls on the watershed of the Seneca river south and west of Cayuga lake from an additional watershed of 780 square miles. The Seneca river enters Cayuga lake about

miles south of the north end of that lake, and leaves the lake at the north end thereof. The Cayuga and Seneca canal follows the Seneca river from Seneca lake to a point where that river turns to the east toward Cayuga lake. The present canal then continues northeasterly and crosses Seneca river a few hundred feet down-stream from the north end of the lake. The regulation of the surface elevation in Cayuga lake would be greatly simplified if the water of Seneca lake was turned northward into the Montezuma marshes and not allowed to enter Cayuga lake. In that case Cayuga lake would receive and store only the waters falling upon its own watershed of 813 square miles. Under those conditions and with the proper regulating works at the foot of the lake, it is believed that the lake elevation can be maintained with a total fluctuation in any one year of not more than 4 feet. The present extreme fluctuation in the lake is about feet and the mean fluctuation in most years is about 5 feet. Such a regulation of the elevation of the water in Cayuga lake would be of great benefit to lands lying close to the lake, and especially to the northern portion of the City of Ithaca.

The proposed connection will place Cayuga and Seneca lakes in direct communication with the Barge canal by navigable water. At the head of Cayuga lake is the City of Ithaca, and at the head of Seneca lake, the village of Watkins. Both are close to the southern boundary of the state and to the coal fields of Pennsylvania. On Cayuga lake, near its head, are salt-works and a Portland cement factory, and at Union Springs, near the foot, quarries of good building stone. On Seneca lake are salt-works. There is considerable coal now shipped down this lake, and the City of Geneva at its foot does considerable business over the canal. Besides establishing means of communication by water between these lakes and the central portion of the state, the improvement of the Seneca river upon the lines proposed will work incidental benefits of great value. The necessary regulation of the level of Cayuga lake will enable the high water to be controlled in such a way as to permit of the reclamation of large tracts of low land at Ithaca and other low-lying areas, and prove a benefit not only to property but to the health of the people.

The cutting of bars in the Seneca river and regulation of its channel will result in the lowering of the water upon the Montezuma marshes and a reclamation of a great area of swamp land to useful purposes.

Accompanying this report is a map upon which is shown the suggested route for the proposed connection and in a general way the location and forms of proposed structures.

Respectfully submitted,

HENRY C. ALLEN,

Special Deputy State Engineer.

Bridges Crossing Navigable Streams.

In constructing the Barge canal, the canalization of streams which have been heretofore or are now navigable, renders it necessary to reconstruct the twenty-six railroad bridges and the seven toll bridges, built by private corporations. It is hoped that the cost of this reconstruction will have to be borne by the private corporations owning the bridges, wherever the following conditions exist:

First. Where the navigable stream was a public highway prior to the time when these bridges were first constructed;

Second. Where the title to the beds of the Hudson and Mohawk rivers, and perhaps other streams, under the old Dutch law, is vested in the State, and where the piers and abutments of these bridges have been built upon State land, without proper authority and consent of the State authorities.

Water-Power Development.

In the canalization of the rivers and streams for the Barge canal there will necessarily have to be constructed a large number of dams. At these dams more or less water-power can be developed by the use • of the surplus water while the canal is in operation, and by the use of all the water when the canal is closed. It is to be hoped that some arrangement will be made so that, in the future, the State may be permitted to dispose of the water-power, thus created, at the market value of the power. In the past the State has constructed works which have resulted in creating many millions of dollars’ worth of water-power, but in nearly every instance some private individual or corporation has acquired these water-powers and made use of them without any adequate return to the State.

Work of Construction.

A large number of proposals were opened on December 15,16 and 17, 1904, by the Superintendent of Public Works for contracts Nos. 1 to 6, inclusive; among the bidders were some of the largest and most experienced contracting firms in the United States. The proposals submitted by the lowest bidders—to whom these contracts were awarded— were on an average about fifteen per cent under the estimates of the State Engineer. These contracts fairly represent the different classes of work to be done on the Barge canal system. Contracts Nos. 1 to 6, inclusive, were awarded and executed by the Superintendent of Public Works in April and May, 1905. Work has been started on all contracts and is progressing under a resident engineer and a corps of assistants in suitable offices located on the site of each contract. The work on contracts Nos. 4 and 5 has not progressed as rapidly as on the other contracts, because the excavation is of such a character as to require large and specially designed dredges, which must be built and erected on the site of the work, inasmuch as these contracts are not connected with any navigable waterway. These dredges are now being built and, without doubt, will be in operation by the spring of 1906.

For the first time in the history of the New York canals, contracts have been let which provide only one price for all kinds of excavation. In these Barge canal contracts Nos. 1 to 6, no attempt has been made to classify the different materials excavated, such as earth, rock, hard-pan, etc., and thus far the results have been very satisfactory in every way. Contracts were awarded at prices probably as low as would have been obtained under the old method of separate prices for earth and rock, and in the actual execution of the contracts there has been no occasion for the difficulties so common under the old method —the frequent disputes and differences of opinion as to just what material should be classified as earth or as rock.

More detailed accounts of the Barge canal work will be found in the reports of the various Division and Resident Engineers.

HISTORY OF THE NEW YORK STATE CANAL SYSTEM.

Published as a supplementary volume to this report, there is a history of the whole system of New York’s canals from their inception to the present time. In the work of the various State departments which have to deal with canal affairs, questions are constantly arising that frequently necessitate extended research, in order to ascertain how past events affect the present situation. Heretofore there has been no account sufficiently recent or comprehensive to aid greatly in these investigations. The volume now published was prepared primarily as a work of reference, but many parts of it may be of general interest. It cannot be expected that this book will answer in detail all of the questions that may be asked—for the subject is exceedingly large, thousands of volumes having been reviewed and

summarized to secure this material—but it is hoped that it may at least suggest a clew for easily securing information in regard to the great majority of inquiries. Included in this book are short historical sketches and statistical records of all of the canals that have been built in the United States and Canada. A similar compilation has never been published in English, and its need has often been felt.

It has seemed that someone from the State engineering department might be best qualified to prepare such a history of the New York canals, and Mr. Noble E. Whitford, Resident Engineer of this Department, was selected for this work, which he—together with some others assigned for the purpose—has performed, in addition to other duties devolving upon his position. He was chosen for the undertaking because of his familiarity with much of the history, both through his connection with the State forces, which extends over a period of about 18 years, and also from personal reminiscences received from his father—much of the material for the history having been referred to him for verification—who after a lapse of about 54 years from his entrance in the State Engineer’s Department, is still actively engaged in that service, having spent nearly half a century of that time in the State’s employ.

Other State departments have been drawn upon for aid in answering the various questions that have arisen, especially the Bureau of Canal Affairs of the State Comptroller’s Department, many details of the varying financial policies of the State having been referred for correction to Mr. William G. Shaible, Secretary of the Canal Board and Chief of the Bureau of Canal Affairs.

CONCLUSION.

The work of this Department has been under my direction throughout the entire fiscal year, Mr. Wm. Pierson Judson, acting as Deputy State Engineer until February 1, 1906, and Mr. Edmund F. Van Hoesen since that date, and Mr. Henry C. Allen as Special Deputy State Engineer during the year. At page 219 of this report, the organization of the whole Department is described and is shown graphically on an accompanying chart.

I desire to express my appreciation of the uniform courtesy and of the great help I have received in the performance of my duties. I am pleased to state that the employees of this Department have shown great ability, efficiency and willingness in carrying on the work of the Department.

Respectfully submitted,

HENRY A. VAN ALSTYNE, State Engineer and Surveyor.

Appendices to the State Engineer’s Report on the Barge Canal.

i Correspondence in Relation to the Use of Concrete.

n Report of William B. Landreth on Water-supply for the Rome Summit Level.

hi Review of William B. Landreth’s Report on Water-supply, by E. Kuichling.

iv Report of D. A. Watt on Proposed Canalization of Mohawk River.

v Report of D. A. Watt on European Practice on Waterways.

vi Instructions for Preliminary Work.

vii Rules Governing Construction.

\

APPENDIX I.

Correspondence in Relation to the use of Concrete on the Barge Canal.

(Letter of State Engineer and Surveyor.)

September 8, 1904.

To the Honorable the Canal Board of the State of New York, Albany:

Gentlemen.—On August 2, 1904, a resolution was adopted by you requesting that the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers transmit certain information relative to the use of concrete in the construction of the Barge canal and under date of August 26, 1904, I transmitted this information in the form of a letter from the Advisory Board, dated August 25, 1904.

I am in receipt of a supplemental communication from the Advisory Board under date of September 8, in relation to this same subject, which I have the honor to herewith present.

Very truly yours,

HENRY A. VAN ALSTYNE,

State Engineer and Surveyor.

Letter of Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers inclosed with above letter:

September 8, 1904.

Hon. H. A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Dear Sir.—As bearing on a communication transmitted by me on behalf of the Advisory Board, dated August 25, 1904, which communication referred to a request from the Canal Board for information concerning concrete and its uses, it is now deemed wise to transmit certain additional information regarding the above subject.

Some persons opposed to the use of concrete for structures such as dams, locks, etc., cite two marked instances of partial failure of concrete work in this State.

(a) The concrete dam at Mechanicville, N. Y.

Members of the Board have seen this dam and have, moreover, sought to familiarize themselves with the conditions under which said work was installed. In this connection see report of Resident Engineer John R. Kaley, dated August 27, 1904, enclosed.

It is the opinion of this Board that the partial failure of the Me-chanicville dam was due, in part, to improper supervision and, in part, to considerable use of inferior grades of cement.

It is our conclusion, based on careful consideration, that this dam is not to be regarded as even an ordinary example of proper • concrete work.

(b) The Cohoes dam for the Champlain canal, Cohoes, N. Y.

As to the partial failure of this dam, it is proper to state that the reason of such partial failure was due to improper use of steel and concrete in combination, and the separation of the steel structure from the concrete was due to improper backing. Moreover, it must be confessed that this concrete was not properly mixed, nor was the steel properly bolted thereto, bolts too small in diameter and of insufficient length having been used. Generally it may be said that the cause of this partial failure of this dam was due to improper design as well as the use, in part, of inferior material. This dam, like the Mechanicville dam, must not be regarded as exemplifying either good design in concrete or proper construction in said material.

Having thus treated of the two most often locally quoted instances of concrete failure, it seems to us proper, as additional evidence justifying our conclusions on this subject, to transmit a report of Resident Engineer William B. Landreth, dated September 7, 1904, giving the results of a tour made by him, during which he made an extended examination of various masonry structures on railroad, city and U. S. government works in the Middle West and South. In this connection it is to be borne in mind that, as regards nature of use and severity of climatic conditions, much of the concrete work examined by Mr. Landreth has been, and is, subjected to stresses, if anything, more severe than will proposed concrete construction on the improved canals of the State of New York.

The following conclusions reached in Mr. Landreth’s report are generally coincided in by this Board:

“ 1. That concrete built of proper materials, well selected and carefully placed, has proven as strong and durable as cut-stone masonry.

“2. That its use in locks, dams, retaining walls, bridge piers and abutments, and in fact in all places where cut-stone masonry was formerly used, is becoming universal.

“3. That the cost of concrete masonry is from one-fourth to one-third that of cut stone.

“4. That work can be built of concrete much more expeditiously than of cut stone, owing to the great difficulty in preparing the stone as rapidly as needed in the work.”

There is also enclosed, as pertinent to the matter under discussion, a communication written by the direction of the Acting Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army, dated August 30, 1904. The conclusions reached by the office of the official above named are stated by him as follows:

“At present the great majority of all the locks under construction by the government are built entirely of concrete.

“So far as our experience yet shows, concrete, if carefully made with Portland cement, is a satisfactory substitute for stone masonry. In the beginning, for reasons of economy natural cement was largely used, but now Portland cement has taken its place, even for the interior and backing of the walls.

“The substitution of concrete for stone masonry was made solely on the ground of economy. It is conceivable that in certain places cut-stone masonry may be cheaper than concrete, and in such cases it would undoubtedly be used. In our experience, however, such a case has not occurred of recent years.”

In conclusion, as bearing on the communication last quoted, it would seem hardly necessary for us to state, that save in the vicinity of Orleans and Niagara counties, under no conceivable conditions existing in the State of New York, can stone masonry for canal work be installed at a cost that in any way could compare favorably with work of equal magnitude and value in concrete.

Very respectfully,

EDWARD A. BOND,

Chairman.

Report of William B. Landreth, Resident Engineer, inclosed with letter of Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers, dated September 8, 1904:

Albany, N. Y., September 7, 1904.

Hon. H. A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, and the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers:

Gentlemen.—As requested by you, I have recently made an examination of various masonry structures on railroad, city and government works in the Middle West and South and have the honor to transmit the following report thereon:

On Monday, August 15th, I met Mr. L. L. Wheeler, Assistant Engineer, U. S. Corps of Engineers, at Sterling, Ill., and examined the feeder of the Illinois and Mississippi canal between Sterling and a

small village called Mineral. The feeder has, practically, the same dimensions as the present Erie canal. It is twenty-eight miles long and for the greater portion of the way is in excavation in fine sand and gravel. A guard-lock has been built at Sterling where the feeder leaves the Rock river, but the water has not yet been turned into the canal feeder proper. The guard-lock is built of concrete in proportions of one part cement, four of sand and gravel and five of crushed stone, with a mortar facing one inch thick. The lock walls are divided into sections about twenty feet long by vertical joints. A “V” shaped recess is built at each vertical joint for the purpose of preventing the percolation of water through the joint. The front and top faces of the walls at the vertical joint were finished with a triangular recess one inch wide and one inch deep. ' The lock has been completed two years, but has not yet been put in operation for the passage of boats. On the approach walls to the lock, vertical timbers were set in recesses in the walls, for the purpose of spiking planks thereto for the protection of the approach walls against scour from boats. The concrete in the lock walls was smooth and, apparently, in good condition. Several culverts have been built, crossing under the feeder, all being dive culverts and constructed of concrete. Water has been passing through these culverts for two years, and I could not discover any signs of scour or wear on the faces in contact with water. Several bridge abutments have been constructed of concrete on the feeder, and, in some cases, concrete has been used for slope paving in front of i^iese abutments. Owing to litigation with the local authorities, no bridges have yet been placed on the abutments. At the crossing of Green river, the proposed feeder is carried over that stream on an aqueduct, with concrete piers, steel frames and an oak trunk. The piers are on a pile foundation in an alluvial soil. The concrete being placed in these piers at the time of my visit was composed of one part cement, four of sand and gravel and five of crushed stone, mixed wet, by machinery.

On August 16th, I drove over a portion of the Illinois and Mississippi canal west of Genesee, Ill. I visited four locks which were built within the past two years, but none of them had been operated, as in some cases the canal prism between the locks was not fully completed. All of the locks were built of concrete with vertical walls, of the same proportions and in the same manner as the guard-lock at Sterling.

On the same day I visited Rock Island, Ill., on the Mississippi river. The U. S. Government has an arsenal in the river a short distance above that city, and to furnish water-power for machinery for the arsenal and for certain factories whose former power had been disturbed by the government works in the vicinity of the Island, a concrete dam was built between the Rock Island shore and Arsenal island by the U. S. Government in 1894. The dam consists of a concrete structure in the form of a thin wall, with buttresses at intervals of about twelve feet. The wall is three feet wide on top, six feet wide on bottom and sixteen feet high. The wall cuts off a former arm of the river and is so located that all of the ice, logs, driftwood and boats, at certain stages of the river, impinge on this wall with the full force of the stream, and at all times it is subjected to the wash of the river. When the river is low, the larger boats follow a channel near the Iowa shore and quite a distance from this wall. The wall was built under government supervision of gravel concrete with the following proportions: one part of cement, four of sand and nine of gravel. Expansion joints were left in the wall at intervals of about twenty feet. The entire wall was in perfect condition and stone-cutters, who were cutting steps in several of the buttresses for new foundations for wheels told me that the cost of sharpening tools in cutting the concrete was at least twice that for tools used in cutting stone; that they greatly preferred cutting stone, as the concrete did not flake off and had no regular line of fracture or cleavage, and that every particle of the concrete must be cut with a tool. There is a vertical moulding of concrete on the face of the wall, caused by adjoining planks in the timber form not being fitted closely. This moulding was one inch wide at the base, about one inch high and during the ten years’ use had not been broken or removed by the water., ice or floating bodies. I was told that the army officer in charge of the building of that wall had stated that he believed it was the first piece of monolithic concrete used on similar work in the United States. There are seventy-two openings in this wall in which wheels have been placed for power purposes, and on a careful examination of the edges and surfaces of the exposed openings, I could find no evidence of wear on the concrete. The water in the Mississippi river, as is well known, is heavily loaded with silt at times.

On August 17th, in company with Mr. Wheeler, I went by steamer to the junction of the Illinois and Mississippi canal with the Mississippi river, a few miles below the City of Rock Island. Three locks have been built between the Mississippi river and Green river, and have been operated for from four to ten years. The entire construction of the locks is of concrete, with vertical faces and expansion joints about 30 feet apart, the concrete being one part of cement, two and one-half to three parts of sand and five to six parts of gravel. The concrete, as mixed, was rather dry and in order that the interior of the wall might receive the proper amount of water to insure its setting, vertical well-holes twelve inches square were placed in the wall at each expansion joint. These well-holes were kept filled with water for several days after the placing of the concrete, and were finally filled with concrete. The locks are fifty-five feet wide and are filled and emptied through butterfly valves in the gates. Hand-power is used for operating the gates and valves. At the entrance into Green river, there is a timber dam one thousand three hundred feet long, built in 1894. Some repairs have been made to the apron of the dam, but otherwise there has been very little work done on it. Theapproaches to thelocks are timber cribs and repairs had to be made on them within from five to eight years after their construction. Some of the timber in the cribs that had been in plac e ten years was very badly decayed. The side slopes on the canal are one on one and one-half and portions were protected by riprap one foot deep. The riprap was composed of a soft limestone from six inches in diameter down to small pebbles. On some of the banks willows had been set out in rows about three feet apart, and in such places no riprap had been used, the roots of the willow trees fully protecting the bank from sliding. All of this portion of the canal was built through alluvial soil, fine sand or fine gravel. No puddle was used on the bottom or side slopes of the canal. At the entrance to Green river, the regulating gates are composed of what is known as the Tainter-Sector Gate and have proved entirely successful. The gates are of wood, in sections twenty-one feet long and are raised eight feet by one man writh a crab on a car, running on a track over the gates. At each lock on this portion of the canal, tasty houses for lock-tenders had been built and ample grounds were provided and kept in perfect condition; the slopes below high water being protected by riprap, and above high water carefully seeded and planted with shade trees and flowers. One large railroad drawbridge and one highway drawbridge cross the canal. The railroad drawbridge is fully protected by an interlocking arrangement and derailing switches. All of the bridge abutments and vertical walls along the canal are of concrete, and of the same character as that composing the lock walls, with expansion joints at intervals of twenty feet. All of the concrete work on this portion of the canal, which has been in use from four to ten years, was in perfect condition and no repairs had been made thereto. The concrete work has cost from $6 to $7 per cubic yard.

On my return from Rock Island to Chicago, I visited the controlling works of the Chicago drainage canal at Joliet. The controlling works were built for the purpose of regulating the flow from the Chicago drainage canal so as to, at all times, induce a current of clear water from Lake Michigan into the drainage canal. The height of w^ater in the canal is controlled by a “bear trap” dam and several large gates. The masonry in the piers between the gates is of concrete, faced with paving blocks up to a certain height, above which the piers are of brick. The foundations of the “bear trap” dam, the vertical walls along the sides and at the end of the drainage channel, the vertical walls along the tail-race of the power-house and an arch bridge over the tail-race, are all of concrete. Where expansion joints were placed in these walls no cracks have occurred, but where these joints are omitted irregular cracks, extending through the wall, have developed at intervals of about twenty feet. The attendant at the controlling works stated that no repairs had been made on the mason work since its completion in 1900, and at the time of my visit the concrete work was in good condition. The mortar in the brick work of the piers was badly washed out by storms, and presented a very unsightly appearance.

On August 18th, I called on Col. 0. H. Ernst, U. S. Corps of Engineers, a division engineer for the government work on the Great Lakes. Col. Ernst stated that the breakwater at Duluth had probably been subjected to as severe climatic conditions as any piece of masonry construction in the United States, and suggested that I examine the Duluth work already constructed and that at Superior now under construction.

I arrived at Duluth in the morning of August 19th. Through the kindness of Col. Potter, U. S. Engineer, I was given every facility to examine the works built at the Duluth entrance in 1900, and also the work now being built at the Superior entrance of the Duluth-Superior harbor. All of the concrete construction is in direct charge of Mr. Clarence Coleman, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Assistant Engineer. The Duluth-Superior harbor is formed by a sand dune or spit known as Minnesota Point, running across the head of Lake Superior. Minnesota Point is from two hundred to five hundred feet wide, at places rises to a height of fifty feet above the lake, and has a length of about six miles between the shores of Lake Superior. The southern or harbor side is lined for the greater part of the distance with docks and warehouses, while the lake side is open to the full sweep of the lake storms. Two streams entering this harbor have kept open an outlet from the harbor into the lake opposite the City of Superior, and in 1871 a canal was cut through Minnesota Point in the vicinity of Duluth by the U. S. Government. The canal and breakwaters were rebuilt and enlarged in 1898-1901 at a cost of $650,000. This improvement consists of a canal two thousand feet long and two hundred feet wide, with

twenty-five feet depth of water. It is lined on each side by a breakwater of concrete blocks placed on timber cribs. The concrete composing the breakwaters is composed of 1 part of Portland cement, 3.12 parts of sand and 6.25 parts of pebbles. The sand was dredged from the bed of the lake. The pebbles are from a gravel bed on the shore of the lake about fifty miles from Duluth, and range in size from one-half inch to two inches. The concrete was mixed by machinery and a moderately wet mixture used. Foundation blocks, weighing several tons each, were placed by a derrick on timber stone-filled cribs, and on these monoliths of concrete, weighing eighty-six tons each, were built in place. In the pier heads the blocks weighed from two hundred and fifty-one to four hundred and twenty-three tons each. All of the blocks were separated by tarred paper at the joints.

The Duluth breakwater is so located that it receives the full force of the lake storms and the full pressure of the ice. Frequently the channel between the two sea walls is completely filled with cakes of ice from three to four feet thick, packed solid to the bottom and extending to and above the top of the coping of the wall. In storms, waves frequently dash fifteen feet over the top of the coping. In order to reach the lighthouse on the south pier, it was necessary to construct a tunnel lengthwise of the sea wall, through which the lighthouse keeper could pass. At the lake end of the east breakwater, I was shown the point where a large lake vessel struck the pier head during a storm and sunk. The concrete is not cracked or shattered. At the point of contact between the stem of the steamer and the wall, the concrete was ground away for a depth of probably one-half inch, covering an area six inches square.

I was reliably informed of another instance where a steamer of ten thousand tons displacement, the D. B. Kerr, four hundred and sixty feet long, built of steel, lying in the inner harbor, was torn from her moorings by a storm and dashed against the shore ends of the breakwaters, so as to completely close the entrance between the two walls. She was gradually forced onto the walls so that she hung suspended between the two breakwaters. When the waves came they would move her a short distance along the walls, and when they receded would leave her suspended. The steamer pounded on the walls for several hours until the storm abated. The plates, steel frames and bulkheads of the steamer were bent and twisted, and she was so damaged that $35,000 of repairs were necessary to fit her for use. The damage to the pier did not, at most, exceed $100 and consisted of one of the concrete blocks being forced back on the foundation about two inches, and a scouring or grinding out of the outer corners of the concrete coping. None of the concrete blocks were cracked and there was no sign of the scaling or splitting of the concrete. The faces of the breakwaters showed no evidence of marking or scouring from contact with ice or vessels except in the cases noted above, and the concrete seemed to be in as perfect condition after four years’ use as when built.

Similar breakwaters are now being built by the government at the Superior entrance to the harbor, the only change in plan being that the concrete is laid in twenty-two feet of water, directly over the heads of the piles forming its foundation. The concrete is formed of the same proportions and the same class of material as that of the Duluth breakwater. The piles are driven for a foundation and cut off so that the tops are two feet above the bottom of the proposed concrete work. The concrete substructure is formed in place in blocks sixteen feet long and twenty-four feet wide, reaching from the lake bottom to within one foot of the surface of the water. Forms built of heavy timbers are set in place and properly leveled and lined by means of a large traveler. Alternate blocks are formed consecutively and after they have properly set, forms are placed against the blocks already built and the intervening spaces filled with concrete. For the superstructure, forms are placed on the blocks already built and the concrete built up to the proper height, after which the forms are removed and used again. After the removal of the forms from the superstructure, the concrete is covered with jute bagging and kept wet. A portion of one of the foundation blocks, which was removed for some purpose, showed the concrete under water to be very dense, of uniform texture and the mixture to be perfect. Mr. Coleman, who has entire charge of these two breakwaters, stated that he was a firm believer in the use of concrete, especially where it was subjected to the action of water; that he would have no hesitancy whatever in using it for retaining walls, lock walls or other structures, and that, with care in the selection and manipulation of the material and in the placing and finishing of the concrete, he believed the structures would fill every requirement for a permanent, solid, masonry structure. The work at Superior is being done by the U. S. Government by “force account,” and is costing $4:62 per cubic yard, after proper charges have been made for cost of the plant employed.

The City of Duluth is one hundred and twenty-five miles farther north than the most northerly point of New York State, and two hundred and seventy-five miles farther north than the Erie canal.

The climatic conditions at Duluth are much more severe than those in the latitude of New York State, the winters being longer and the temperature for several weeks at a time being from ten to twenty degrees below zero. The condition of the concrete work at Duluth showed that it had withstood the effects of frost and pounding of ice and storms successfully.

On my return to Chicago, I called upon Mr. Ralph Modjeski, M. Am. Soc. C. E., a consulting engineer of large practice, who stated that he was using concrete for bridge piers, abutments and other structures, and that he was at present completing the construction of a long railroad bridge over the Mississippi river in the vicinity of Cairo, in which concrete was used for the piers, abutments and arches. The river piers are faced with stone up to mean high water, and above that are entirely of concrete. The piers to the approaches are sixty feet high, with concrete arches between them of spans of from forty to eighty feet.

* Mr. C. F. Loweth, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Chief Engineer of bridges and buildings on the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul R. R., stated that his company was building about 75,000 cubic yards of concrete yearly on 6,000 miles of road. Through the kindness of Mr. Loweth, I was enabled to visit a large number of concrete structures on the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul R. R., in company with Mr. J. C. Hain, Assoc.

M. Am. C. E., Assistant Engineer of bridges and buildings. At the new freight yards at Glen wood, Ill., the foundations and walls for round houses and shops were being built of concrete up to six feet above the ground. The concrete was composed of 1 part Portland cement, 2 of sand and 5 or 6 of gravel or broken stone. A wet mixture was used with no facing mortar on the surfaces. The walls were fifteen inches thick on top, eight feet high, placed on pile clusters and reinforced by steel bars over the openings.

At Watertown, Wis., I saw several bridge piers and abutments built on concrete foundations, the arch and facing being of cut stone and backed with concrete.

At Kilborn, Wis., a bridge with two spans of one hundred and sixty-two feet has a concrete pier sixty-five feet high, faced with stone for the lower thirty feet.

I also examined several smaller bridges where the piers and abutments were concrete throughout, and Mr. Hain stated that at their bridge over the Mississippi river at La Crosse, Wis., the piers are built entirely of concrete. The mason work on the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul R. R., outside of Chicago, has been built from two to four years and was in perfect condition. The proportions were 1, 2 and 5 with a wet mixture.

I visited nearly all of the concrete work in the track elevation of the different railroads in the City of Chicago. All of the recent work is of concrete and, where they had proper foundations, is in perfect condition. Four bridge abutments built on insufficient foundations were cracked, two being moved away from the wing walls, leaving a crack between the wing walls and the abutment, and two had vertical cracks in the middle. All of these cracks showed that they were due to insufficient foundation. The Chicago and Northwestern R. R. is one of the last in the City of Chicago to adopt the use of concrete, and I saw them placing foundations for several thousand feet of retaining wall in their track elevation in that city. At one point, the retaining wall was alongside of a city sewer where piles could not be driven without shattering the brick work of the sewer. Holes were bored alongside the sewer by a post-auger and filled with concrete, forming concrete piles upon which the concrete structure was to rest.. In all of the concrete that I saw under construction in Chicago, the proportions did not vary materially from 1, 2\ and 5, to 1, 3, and 6, and the use of a wet mixture was universal. The concrete was all mixed by machinery, the form of mixer generally used being that of a revolving cube or sphere, although on one piece of work a continuous “pug mill” mixer was used.

On leaving Chicago, I went to St. Louis and examined the models and plans of various canal structures on exhibition there. These included lift-locks, movable dams, stationary dams, miter gate locks and retaining walls. At St. Louis I called on Mr. J. A. Ockerson, M. Am. Soc. C. E., an engineer of large experience, who is now the chief of one of the departments of the exposition. Mr. Ockerson is a firm believer in the use of concrete for locks, dams, bridges, abutments and similar structures.

After leaving St. Louis, I visited various locks and movable dams in the Big Sandy river in Kentucky, the Great Kanawha, the Ohio, Monongahela and Alleghany rivers. At Catlettsburg, W. Va., and Kavanaugh, Ky., locks and movable dams are being built by the U. S. Government in the Big Sandy river. Only concrete masonry is being used in these dams and locks. The locks have been built two years but have not yet been put in operation, pending the construction of the dams which is now in progress. All of the concrete is made of gravel concrete, composed of 1 part Portland cement, 3 parts of sand and 6 parts of gravel, the sand and gravel being thoroughly washed and a wet mixture used. The faces of the locks are vertical and no protection of steel, wood or stone is placed on them. The locks are each one hundred and fifty-eight feet long and fifty-five feet high, the

one at Catlettsbnrg having a lift of 15.2 feet and that at Kavanaugh a lift of 12.6 feet. The two locks completed have passed through two floods of forty feet height without injury.

At Louisa, Ky., a stone lock one hundred and fifty-eight feet long and fifty-two feet wide, with twelve feet lift and a movable dam, was built by the U. S. Government in 1896 on the Big Sandy river. The locks are of sandstone with vertical faces. Pending the completion of other locks on the Big Sandy, there is but little traffic'through the Louisa lock. The sandstone composing the locks is scoured by projections on the sides of the boats. The work on the Big Sandy river is under the direct charge of Mr. B. F. Thomas, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Assistant Engineer, Corps of Engineers, who is also the author of a standard work on the improvement of rivers. Mr. Thomas has been connected with government work for 24 years and has built a great many structures of stone. He prefers the use of concrete in canal structures and believes that they have proved successful.

In company with Mr. Thomas E. Jeffries, Assistant U. S. Engineer, I visited six locks and dams on the Kanawha river between Charleston, W. Va., and the mouth of that stream. The canalization of the Kanawha river has been secured by building locks and movable dams in the stream, forming pools through which a depth of nine feet of water is secured at low water. The oldest locks were built in 1880 and the others at intervals of two or three years up to 1898, the date of the completion of the last lock. The material composing the locks is cut of sandstone, no concrete being used in their construction. Some of the locks have vertical faces, while others have a batter of three inches to one foot. The faces of the vertical walls are badly scoured by boats, while the battered walls have not suffered to any extent. These locks are fed through butterfly valves in the gates, and all the machinery of the locks is operated by hand.

Through the kindness of Major George A. Zinn, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Wheeling, W. Va., the engineer officer in charge, and Mr. William M. Hall, U. S. Assistant Engineer, I was enabled to visit the concrete lock under construction near Parkersburg, W. Va., on the Ohio river. The lock is one hundred and ten feet wide, six hundred feet long and will pass twenty loaded coal barges at one lockage. The lock has a vertical face and the gates roll on a track into a recess or side chamber. The lock is built on a rock foundation and has no concrete floor except the foundation for the track upon which the gates roll. It is proposed to build a movable dam in the river, butting against the middle of the river wall of the lock. The lock chamber is to be fed through circular tunnels in the river wall, in which are placed butterfly valves four feet eight inches in diameter. The lock walls are built in alternate sections about thirty feet long, with a rectangular dove-tail or cut-off in each transverse joint. These rectangular walls are boxed in when the walls are built, and kept filled with water till the concrete has set and then filled with concrete. After they were filled with concrete, cracks appeared extending from the corners of the walls to the outer faces of the lock walls. The entire masonry work is of concrete, composed of 1 part Portland cement, 3 parts of sand and 6 parts of screened gravel, with a three-fourths inch mortar face on the outer walls, a wet mixture being used. The land lock wall and the gate recess were constructed last year and have passed through one flood forty-five feet high. The contract price for the concrete permitted on this work is $4 per cubic yard, the government furnishing the cement.

At Pittsburg, Pa., through the kindness of Major W. L. Sibert, M. Am. Soc. C. E., U. S. Corps of Engineers, I visited the Davis Island dam in the Ohio river, a few miles below Pittsburg, with Hon. Edward A. Bond, Chairman of your Advisory Board. At this point, a low wooden dam is being replaced by a movable one of the Chittenden type. All of the masonry in this dam is of concrete of the same proportions and placed in the same manner as that in the works noted on the Ohio river. Major Sibert stated that the use of concrete was becoming general in government work for locks, dams, foundations for fortifications and similar work, and that he believed it would prove successful.

While it is a fact that the oldest structures I visited had been in use but ten years, it has been stated on reliable authority that in Hungary the concrete locks in the Franz Josef canal, built forty years ago, are still in perfect condition with the corners and angles still sharp.

General Conclusions.

The masonry structures which I visited were built under different conditions as to material, climate and service. They were not chosen for examination with a view to finding the best structures, but as to the locality and time available. In some cases I was accompanied by the engineers in charge of the work, and in other cases, visited the works alone or with persons not connected therewith. The engineers from whom I received my information were, in all cases, experienced men who had spent many years of their lives in connection with stone and concrete construction, and their opinions should be given great weight. The conclusions reached by me after an examination of the

various works and from conversations with the several engineers are as follows:

1.    That concrete built of proper-materials, well selected and carefully placed, has proved as strong and durable as cut-stone masonry.

2.    That its use in locks, dams, retaining walls, bridge piers and abutments, and in fact in all places where cut-stone masonry was formerly used, is becoming universal.

3.    That the cost of concrete masonry is from one-fourth to one-third that of cut stone.

4.    That work can be built of concrete much more expeditiously than of cut stone, owing to the great difficulty in preparing the stone as rapidly as needed in the work.

5.    That the adoption and use of concrete in the masonry on the proposed canal improvement will result in the construction of permanent structures, at a reasonable cost, and will prove successful.

6.    That vertical expansion joints are necessary in any concrete structure not constantly covered by water, and that they should be placed not more than forty feet apart.

Respectfully,

WM. B. LANDRETH, Resident Engineer.

APPENDIX II.

Water-Supply for the Rome Summit Level of the Barge Canal.

Albany, N. Y., September 30, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany,

N. Y.:

Dear Sir.—In accordance with your instructions, I have made a study of the water necessary for the Rome summit level of the Erie canal, known as the “ Line north of Rome,” with the following conditions of prism and locks:

Prism.

75 feet. 123 feet. 12 feet. 1 on 2.

' 12 feet. 45 feet. 328 feet.

Bottom width. . Water-surface. . Depth of water Side slope.....

Locks.

Depth on sill................

Width......................

Length between hollow quoins

Length and Elevation of Levels. The summit level extends from Fort Bull to a point a short distance east of Nine Mile creek, and skirts along the northern side of the valley. Between Fort Bull and Oneida lake there are two locks and between Nine Mile creek and Herkimer, three locks. The following diagram shows the water-surface of the various levels, the lift of the locks and length of the levels:

In this report, I have treated the matter by the methods used by Mr. Kuichling, Engineer for Water-Supply on the 1900 Barge canal survey, but have endeavored to compare his methods with others used by prominent hydraulic engineers, and have not deviated from his methods except in a few minor cases, where the reason therefor was apparent.

Water Required for the Summit Level of the Erie Canal Between Fort Bull and Nine Mile Creek, and the Levels Adjacent thereto.

1. Evaporation and Absorption by Plants.

The evaporation from the water-surface of levels east and west of the summit level is taken care of by the flow from the watersheds tributary to those levels, and not included in the area from which water is to be taken for other canal purposes, and, therefore, there will be no draught from the amount supplied for evaporation and absorption of plants on those levels. Taking Mr. Kuichling’s estimate of .33 inches in depth over the water-surface for the daily evaporation and for the use of plants, we have from the summit level, 10.38 miles long and 123 feet wide, 185,383 cubic feet per day, or 2.15 cubic feet per second. There is tributary to the summit level 7.16 square miles of the watershed of Wood creek, which enters the present Erie canal in the City of Rome. Taking the minimum flow from this area at .05 second-feet per square mile per day, or 30,931 cubic feet per day, or .36 cubic feet per second, we have the net amount to be supplied to the summit level for evaporation and absorption by plants, 161,858 cubic feet per day, or 1.87 cubic feet per second.

2. Seepage and Percolation.

Those parts of the summit level and levels adjacent thereto where percolation will occur are shown in the following Table No. 1:

Table No. 1, Showing Distances Where Seepage Will Occur.

Station.

Level.

Distance.

Area.

5515-5795.

5795-6150

6250-6343.

6408-6505.

6618-6712.

1st east of summit.. summit............

1st west of summit. 2nd west of summit

28,000'

44,800'

,700'

9,400'

Square feet•

91,900 X 123= 11,303,700

In the above table, the distances shown are the lengths of the portions of the canal where the water-surface will be above that of the surrounding country, and where seepage and percolation are likely to occur.

A rather extensive search of the literature relating to percolation through canal banks, recently made by my direction, shows that there is very little reliable information on the subject and that the information given in the following Table No. 2 is as reliable and extensive as that from any other source.

Estimates have been made by several American and foreign engineers of the amount of water lost by canals from percolation through the banks and for the use of aquatic plants. These estimates vary greatly with the canals of different cross-sections and with banks constructed of different materials.

Mr. Kuichling states in the Barge canal report, pages 631 and 632, that “ a number of observations on some of the recently completed French and German canals, indicate that a loss of 1.5 to 2.0 inches in depth is a liberal allowance for seepage. An estimate of the leakage or seepage from the 41.71 miles of present canal between New London and Little Falls, N.Y., based on direct measurements in some sections and the application of the results obtained in other similar parts of the canal to the remainder, gives an average rate of 178.5 cubic feet per mile per minute, which is equivalent to a depth of 8.34 inches per day on a water-surface 70 feet wide. This large loss on said portion of the Erie canal is doubtless due to the recently partial deepening of the waterway, whereby the comparatively impervious lining which had gradually formed on the bottom was removed or disturbed.

It will be seen further on that the water-supply for the Rome summit level of the proposed canal will reach a formidable magnitude unless the loss by percolation is restricted as much as possible by careful construction; and as it is evident from European experience that this loss can be kept within reasonable bounds by suitable clay linings of the prism of canals from 6 to 8 feet deep, it is recommended that similar linings be applied to the proposed canal at all places where the subsoil is permeable.

Making due allowance for the greater width and depth of the proposed canal, it, therefore, seems justifiable to consider the provision for a loss of 4.50 inches in depth per day from the water-surface, should compensate amply for the loss by evaporation, absorption and percolation or seepage.”

In the Barge canal report, pages 740, 741, 742, 743, 744 and 745, is given a table showing various measurements and estimates of the loss of water from canals by evaporation and seepage, from which the following table is compiled, and to which have been added the results obtained by Mr. Kuichling between locks Nos. 45 and 47 on the present Erie canal.

The loss by evaporation and seepage in this table is expressed in cubic feet per mile per second and also in inches in depth per day.

Extensive measurements of the loss of water by seepage and evaporation were made as shown in the above table, at various times by the engineers of this State. Many of the measurements were made on the canal four feet in depth and 28 feet bottom width. Those noted in the above table, made in 1877 and 1900, were made in the canal at a depth of seven feet, and a bottom width of 52.5 feet.

The loss in inches in depth per day observed on the present Erie canal in 1877 was 8.57". The measurements taken by Mr. Kuichling in 1900 on the level of the present Erie canal between locks Nos. 46 and 47 show from 3.54" to 25.89" in depth daily.

In the following Table of Measurements of the loss of water from New York State canals by evaporation, percolation and waste, I have divided the measurements into two classes, as follows:

Class 1. Cases where evaporation and seepage combined were actually measured.

Class 2. Cases where evaporation, seepage and waste combined were actually measured.

by Evaporation, Percolation, Waste, Etc.

By whom reported.

Combined Loss by Evapora t i o n and Percolation in

Length of section, observed

in miles. Cubic I Inches feet per

second | depth per mile. I per day.

W. II. Talcott. Daniel Marsh. Daniel Marsh. Daniel Marsh. Daniel Marsh. Daniel Marsh. L. L. Nichols. L. L. Nichols. L. L. Nichols. L. L. Nichols. W. H. Searles. E. Kuichling. E. Kuichling. E. Kuichling. E. Kuichling.

lO»OTjHlOf0rHO5»OO5r-Hr^rHTfHT^0^

CC^O^OtONOJOiOiONONO lOrH <M<M COM

hhN

COXMM 1-H M

LOCO

CiMMOMLOt^OCOMl>COt^t^O

OCO’^lCCOlOCOTjH’^Ht^rHLOlOXrH

HOOOONOOOOW^OOHH

O»0C5C0

ICO^O

OMOOiOMMOLOt^^ X ^ X rH rH M rH    r-i

David S. Bates. David S. Bates. David S. Bates. John B. Jervis. O. W. Childs.

O. W. Childs.

O. W. Childs. Alfred Barrett. John D. Day.

OOOCOONfMOJOJN^

cooocooaoo^iCQ

fcSSSSSSSS

HHHfNHHQi-iCO

LOCOT-

»COXN0Ch05O NfNHOO <N CO M

Table No. 2.

Measurements of the Loss of Water from New York Canals

(From Barge canal report.) Class I.

Dimensions of Canal in Feet.

Depth.

Surface Bottom width. width.

Year.

CANAL AND LOCALITY.

Serial!

No.

co coo co 10 t-H C5 10 O

l>

lO

XXXXXXXXXXWM»ONN

MMMMMMMMMMlOlOlQiOlO

*0 iCiO

OOOOOOOOOO<MO<MO<M

Q0C0CO©^Tjn0»0>O»CNOCCO

eo^TfiTfioioioicioiCNOOoo

XXXXXXXXXXXOOOO

HHHrtHHHHHHnnHHH

Chenango canal, summit level...............

Genesee Valley canal........................

Genesee Valley canal........................

Genesee Valley canal........................

Genesee Valley canal, Rochester to Mt. Morris. Genesee Valley canal, Mt. Morris to Oramel. . . Genesee Valley canal, Rochester to Mt. Morris. Genesee Valley canal, Mt. Morris to Dansville.

Genesee Valley canal, Sonyea to Portage......

Genesee Valley canal, Portage to Oramel......

Enlarged Erie canal, Spencerport to Rochester

Erie canal, Locks 45-46.....................

Erie canal, Locks 46-47.....................

Erie canal, Locks 46-47.....................

Erie canal, Locks 46-47.....................

HWC0^i0C0M3003OHCqw^i0

HHHHHH

Class II.

XXXX -XXXlM M M M M • M M <M »0

oooo -oooo

tJH Tf L-

tH tJi rt< ^ -HnncC <M<M<M (M -^TtHrfiO

xxxx -xxxx

HHrlH 'HHHH

Original Erie canal, Brockport to Nine Mile creek

Original Erie canal, Brockport to Cayuga........

Original Erie canal, Brockport to Rochester......

Original Erie canal, Amsterdam to Schenectady. . Entire section of Erie canal, Lodi to Little Falls..

Original Erie canal, Palmyra level..............

Original Erie canal, Clyde level.................

Original Erie canal, Lockport to Pittsford.......

Enlarged Erie canal, Tonawanda to Clyde.......

Ot^XOO^MCOTtH t—It—I r-t rH M M M M M

The above table shows a loss by evaporation and seepage from the first canal, which was four feet deep, 28 feet wide on the bottom and 40 feet surface width, varying in inches in depth per day from 1.55 to 12.51, with a mean of 3.63 inches, and from the present Erie canal as shown on Nos. 11 to 15, with a depth ranging from seven to nine feet, a bottom width of 52 feet and a surface width of from 70 to 72.5 feet; loss in inches per day varying from 3.09 to 22.04, with an average of 8.43 inches for those portions of canal indicated in the foregoing table.

The table also shows that the losses from evaporation, seepage and waste combined, were as follows:

In the old canal from 2.89 to 10.22 inches in depth, with a mean of 7.78 inches, and for the Erie canal between Tonawanda and Clyde, with a depth of 7 feet, a bottom width of 52.5 feet, and a surface width of 70 feet, the loss was 9.34 inches in depth per day.

In the Barge canal report, page 632, Mr. Kuichling estimates for the summit or Rome level of the canal line, a daily loss by evaporation, seepage and percolation of a depth of 4.5 inches over the water-surface of the canal. Subtracting from this depth the amount estimated for evaporation, .33 inches, we have, for percolation and seepage, 4.17 inches in depth per day.

The area of the portion of the canal, where seepage will occur, as shown by Table No. 1, is 11,303,700 square feet. On this area, a depth of 4.17 inches will give 3,928,036 cubic feet daily, or, in round numbers, 3,928,000 cubic feet daily, or 45.4 cubic feet per second.

It is the intention of this Department to provide for puddle walls in all sections of the canal where seepage is likely to occur, and as the use of puddle will greatly reduce the seepage from the canal prism, I believe that the loss from this source will not exceed the amount stated above.

3. Leakage at Lock-Gates and Valves.

The leakage from lock-gates and valves is proportional to the lift of the lock and if provision is made for such leakage for the highest lift, on each side of the summit level, that amount will be sufficient for the lower lift. The highest lift west of the summit level is that of lock No. 25, 21.6 feet, and in the levels nast of the summit, that of lock No. 19, 20 feet.

Using Mr. Kuichling’s notation therefor and taking the length of the opening for each 12-foot upper gate as 24 feet, with a thickness of one-fourth of an inch and an area of .5 square feet, the loss at the upper gates of each lock with 12-foot head, will be 604,800 cubic feet per day, or seven cubic feet per second. Taking the openings around a pair of imperfect feed valves as .375 square feet, the velocity under

21.6 feet head as 18.6 feet per second, and under 20 feet head as 17.90 feet, we will have a total discharge around the valves of 1,182,816 cubic feet per day, or 13.7 feet per second. For two upper gates we will have 1,296,000 cubic feet per day, or a total of 2,478,816 cubic feet per day, or, in round numbers, 2,500,000 cubic feet per day, or 29 cubicffieet per second.

4. Loss over Spillways.

By the proposed plan, all of the spillways west of Rome are arranged to pass the water into the lower level. This is not the case with the darn on the Mohawk river at Rome, nor that on Nine Mile creek, where the canal crosses that stream. I have, therefore, taken Mr. Kuichling’s estimate of the total length of spillways, 960 feet, and a depth of .04 feet thereon, making a total loss over spillways of 2,250,000 cubic feet daily, or 26.20 cubic feet per second.

5. Water Required for Power to Operate Locks.

Taking the amount of power necessary to operate locks as 60 H.P. at 65% efficiency for five minutes at each lockage, or for 40 lockages * per day, we will have for lock No. 20, that of the lowest lift east of the summit level, 67.7 cubic feet per second required for this purpose. For the 200 minutes, during which this power would be used, the total amount required would be 812,400 cubic feet per day, or 9.40 cubic feet per second. Using the same notation, we obtain for lock No. 23, that of the lowest lift west of the summit level, with a lift of 19 feet, in round numbers, 512,000 cubic feet per day, or 5.92 cubic feet per second. Adding a fair amount for leakage around turbines we have a total loss per 24 hours for water required to operate locks at both ends of the summit level, of 1,400,000 cubic feet per day, or 16.2 cubic feet per second.

6. Water for Power for Electric Lighting.

I estimate the power for lighting locks at 6 H. P. with an efficiency of 65%. This will require, with a head of 19 feet, about 4.3 cubic feet per second for 12 hours, or a daily supply of 2.15 cubic feet per second, or for the lock of lowest lift west of the summit level, 185,760 cubic feet per day, or 2.15 cubic feet per second. East of the summit level at lock No. 20, under normal conditions, the lowest lift is 12 feet. For a head of 12 feet, we have 292,896 cubic feet per day, or 3.39 cubic feet per second, giving a total for the locks east and west of the summit level of 478,656 cubic feet per day, or 5.54 cubic feet per

second. Adding to this for leakage 82,080 cubic feet per day, or .95 cubic feet per second, we have a total for the locks east and west of the summit level of 560,756 cubic feet per day, or 6.49 cubic feet per second.

7. Water for Lockages.

The amount of water necessary for lockages is determined by the lift of the highest lock east and west of the summit level, and by the number of lockages per day. I have endeavored to determine the probable number of lockages per day in the following manner:

Fleets with their loading.

One propeller, carrying a load of 1,200 tons.

One barge, carrying a load of 1,500 tons.

To pass 2 boats one way, 20 minutes will be required.

To pass 4 boats one way, 25 minutes will be required for each pair.

To pass 6 boats one way, 27 minutes will be required for each pair.

Tabulating the above we have:

Time of lockage.

20 minutes. 50 minutes. 80 minutes.

Fleet.

1 propeller, 1 barge.. 1 propeller, 3 barges. 1 propeller, 5 barges..

Tonnage, 1 fleet.

2.700    tons.

5.700    tons.

8.700    tons.

If the present Erie canal boats are used, with propellers carrying a load of 150 tons and barges a load of 250 tons each, six of which boats can be passed at one lockage, the above table will be as follows:

Fleet.

1 propeller, 1 barge.. 1 propeller, 3 barges. 1 propeller, 5 barges.

Tonnage.

400 tons. 900 tons. 1,400 tons.

The following table shows the possible lockages per season, with a single tier of locks, capable of passing two barge canal boats at one lockage, carrying three-fourths load—boats to be 43 feet wide, 150 feet long and 10.5 feet deep:

Time of lockage.

20 minutes.

20 minutes.

20 minutes.

Table No. 3.

Fleet.

Tonnage f load.

Time

passing

lock.

Fleets

per

day.

Fleets

per

season. 200 days.

Yearly

tonnage.

Single

lockages

per

season.

1 propeller, 1 barge. 1 propeller,3 barges 1 propeller,5 barges

Tons.

2,025

4,275

6,525

Minutes.

20

50

SM

72

29

18

14,400

5,800

3,600

29,160,000

24,795,000

23,490,000

14,400

11,600

10,800

The above table shows the physical limit of lockages, with no allowance for lack of boats, and on the basis that, as fast as boats are locked

through, there will be other boats ready for locking. This may be considered an impossible case, owing to delays in transportation not caused at locks.

Probable Case.

On the basis of the full number of lockages for 100 days, three-fourths the full number for 50 days, one-half the full number for 30 days, and one-fourth the full number for 20 days,—we have the following table of the probable number of lockages with various fleets (two boats for each lockage):

One propeller, one barge.

One propeller, three barges.

One propeller, five barges.

100 days, full 7,200 lockages 50 days, 1 30 days, 4

20 days, j 360 lockages

2,700 lockages 1,080 lockages

5,800 lockages. 2,175 lockages. 870 lockages. 290 lockages.

5,300 lockages. 2,025 lockages. 810 lockages. 270 lockages.

Total for year (200 days) 11,340 lockages. Average per day (200 days) 57 lockages.

9,135 lockages. 46 lockages.

8,505 lockages. 42 lockages.

As shown in the above table the averages are as follows:

With a fleet of 1 propeller and 1 barge, 57 lockages per day.

With a fleet of 1 propeller and 3 barges, 46 lockages per day.

With a fleet of 1 propeller and 5 barges, 42 lockages per day.

Twenty-five lockages of 1 propeller and 1 barge (f loaded, 2,025 tons) will carry 25 X 2,025 X 200 = 10,125,000 tons in a season of 200 days, distributed as above.

To this number of lockages should be added a number of lockages for pleasure craft and smaller freight boats. To take these at 10 lockages for 100 days, six lockages for 50 days, five lockages for 30 days and three lockages for 20 days,—we have a total for the season of 1,510 lockages, or 7.5 lockages per day. Taking this as eight lockages, we have a total of 25 + 8 = 33 lockages per day. Adding to this seven lockages for empty boats not otherwise provided for, and an increased number of lockages on certain days, owing to congestion of traffic from any cause, we will have a total of 40 lockages per day. I believe that this number of lockages will amply provide for a traffic of 10,000,000 tons, with a large margin for pleasure craft, small freight boats and contingencies. I have, therefore, used 40 as the probable average number of lockages per day.

With locks 45 feet wide and 343 feet long, each foot in depth of the lock will require 16,000 cubic feet of water to fill it.

For one filling, for a 20-foot lift, wall require 320,000 cubic feet.

For one filling, for a 21.6-foot lift, 345,600 cubic feet.

For 40 lockages per day, for a 20-foot lift (lock east of summit), 12,800,000 cubic feet per day, or 149 cubic feet per second.

The lock west of the summit level, with a lift of 21.6 feet, will require 13,824,000 cubic feet per day, or 160 cubic feet per second.

This will give a total for the locks of the highest lift east and west of the summit for 40 lockages per day, of 26,624,000 cubic feet per day, or 309 cubic feet per second.

Tabulating the results obtained above for the amounts of water required for the summit and adjacent levels, we have the foliowingtables:

Water Required eor Rome Summit Level.

ITEMS.

West of Summit.

East of Summit.

Total.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Evaporation and

plants.............

Seepage and percolation...............

Leakage at gates.....

Loss over spillways... Water for power to

operate locks.......

Water for power for electric lighting. .. . Water for lockages... .

Total...........

1,732,000

1,300,000

750,000

559,000

222,764

13,824,000

20.00

15.08

8.70

6.45

2.58

160.00

2,196,000

1,200,000

1,500,000

841,000

337,972

12,800,000

25.4

13.92

17.50

9.73

3.91

149.00

.. 161,858

3,928,000

2,500,000

2,250,000

1,400*000

560,736

26,624,000

1.87

45.4

29.00

26.20

16.2

6.49

309.00

18,387,764

212.81

18,874,972

219.46

37,424,594

434.16

Sources of Water-Supply for the Summit Level.

In the Barge canal report, Mr. Kuichling has given a very thorough and exhaustive report of the sources from which water can be obtained for the summit or Rome level. His report treats the matter very intelligently, and I believe is in accord with the best practice of Hydraulic Engineers. Owing to the fact that locks 45 feet wide introduce a change in the conditions considered by Mr. Kuichling, I have deemed it advisable to make an examination of the sources from which water can be obtained for the summit level under the new conditions, working along the same lines as those followed by Mr. Kuichling, so that a comparison may be made of the results of the two investigations. I have endeavored to make as few changes as possible in the conclusions reached by Mr. Kuichling, and have made them only when the new conditions seem to require them.

The sources from which Mr. Kuichling expected to obtain the water-supply for the Rome level are the following:

Wood creek, west of Rome.

Erie canal at Fort Bull, with new reservoirs.

Black River canal at Rome.

Mohawk river at Rome.

New reservoir at Delta.

Nine Mile creek feeder, with a reservoir on West Canada creek.

Oriskany feeder, entering the Barge canal at Rome via the Erie canal.

In the following table, taken from the Barge canal report, page 724, is given the proposed sources and the minimum daily quantity of water for supplying the Rome summit level by the line known as the “ North of Rome Line.” This shows a minimum daily supply for navigation to the summit level of 43,005,600 cubic feet per day, and a minimum daily supply for water-power east of the summit level of 23,111,400 cubic feet per day, of which 16,083,000 cubic feet per day will be passed down the West Canada creek for power purposes on that creek, below the head of the proposed feeder near Trenton Falls.

92

Report of State Engineer.

Estimated cost.

$901,000

Intercepted.

1,308,000

2,260,200

Intercepted.

$4,469,200

$4,469,200

Total minimum daily supply, cubic feet.

10,605,600

9,000,000

11,122,500

29,083,000

3,628,000

63,439,100

2,677,900

66,117,000

Summit Level for Line North of N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.

V-

Minimum daily supply for water-power east of

summit level, cubic feet.

None.

None.

3,022,500

16,083,000

1,328,000

20,433,500

2,677,900

23,111,400

Minimum daily supply for navigation, cubic feet.

Drainage area in square miles.

ITEMS.

(Barge canal report, page 724.)

10,605,600

9,000,000

8,100,000

13,000,000

2,300,000

341.24 267.20 156.47

371.90

146.51

43,005,600

43,005,600

1,283.32

619.89

1,903.21

Erie canal, etc., at western end of summit level..........................

Black River canal at Rome............................................

Mohawk river, etc., east of Rome......................................

Nine Mile creek feeder with reservoir only on West Canada creek, entering at

eastern end of summit level, north side...............................

Oriskany feeder, entering Erie canal at Rome........................

Total........................................................

From tributary area above Little Falls.................................

Total........................................................

On page 90 of this report, I have estimated the total necessary supply for the summit level to be as follows:

161,858 cubic feet per day. 18,387,764 cubic feet per day. 18,874,972 cubic feet per day.

Evaporation and plants West of the summit... .

East of the summit_____

Total for summit level

37,424,594 cubic feet per day.

If the amount estimated by Mr. Kuichling as the low-water flow from the several sources into the summit level of 43,005,600 cubic feet daily is correct, there will be at all times more than the required supply for navigation and other purposes at the summit level.

Mr. Kuichling’s Method.

I have endeavored to determine whether the quantities estimated by Mr. Kuichling as the low-water supply for the summit level are correct and have proceeded as follows:

In the Barge canal report, Mr. Kuichling uses as the unit of calculation the depth of rainfall and run-off on the watershed and does not change his results into cubic feet until the completion of his computations. His method of calculation, in general, is as follows:

Starting with rainfall and run-off statistics gathered in this and foreign countries, he deduced for each month of the year a curve, showing the relation between the rainfall and run-off for that month, both being taken in inches in depth on the watershed. These curves differ for various months owing to the fact that a larger proportion of the rainfall appears in the run-off of the streams during months when evaporation is low, than at other periods. Having plotted the run-off curves, Mr. Kuichling takes the given rainfall over the particular watershed under consideration, and by the use of the curves deduces the run-off for each month of the year covered by the rainfall record. From the run-off of each month, he subtracts the quantity of water lost by evaporation from the water-surface of the storage reservoir. In this way he secures a table showing the amount which may be drawn from a certain watershed with a certain storage and area of reservoir in the years of least rainfall in terms of inches of depth on the watershed.

The series of curves in -w hich the ordinates for any month represent the probable depth of run-off for the corresponding depth of rainfall, are based on the supposition that the rainfall is distributed in an average manner throughout the month, and does not occur largely in the latter part of the month, as the water which falls on a large drainage area during the latter days of any month reaches the stream as run-off at the foot of the area only after some days, or in the early days of the succeeding month, and would then be credited improperly to the rainfall of the succeeding month instead of to that in which it actually fell.

At the time Mr. Kuichling made his calculations, gagings had been taken on but few of the streams within the watershed of the Mohawk river. Since that time, the Department of the State Engineer and Surveyor, together with the U. S. Geological Survey, has continued the gagings on several of these streams up to the present time. The records of these gagings have been published, from time to time, in the State Engineer’s Reports, and I have used them in extending the calculations and the tables constructed by Mr. Kuichling.

A study of the rainfall records kept by the New York section of the U. S. Weather Bureau, shows that at the following places within the watershed of the Mohawk river, above Little Falls, rainfall records have been kept: Bouckville, Rome,Little Falls and Honedaga lake. Rainfall records have also been kept at the following places which are outside of the watershed of the Mohawk river, but none of which is more than twenty miles away from the limits of that watershed: Cooperstown, Fayetteville, North lake, Blue Mountain lake, Indian lake, Wells, little Falls (2), Canajoharie, Lowville, St. Johnsville, Lake Pleasant, Deansboro, Ames and DeRuyter.

I have tabulated the rainfall in inches for these stations for the years 1900, 1901, 1902, 1903 and 1904 under two heads, namely, inside and outside, and obtained the average rainfall for the stations inside the watershed for each month of those years, and also for the stations outside the watershed for the same months. I have combined the two sets of means and obtained an average for each month, based on all of the readings. Using the average of all the stations for each month of each year, I have taken from Mr. Kuichling’s diagram the run-off for each month corresponding to the average rainfall for that month, thus securing the run-off from that watershed according to Mr. Kuichling’s method.

Gagings have been made of the flow of the Mohawk river at Little Falls daily from January 1, 1899, to January 1, 1905, and in the following table I show the mean rainfall and measured run-off, in depth in inches on the watershed for the months since January 1899. and also the run-off taken from Mr. Kuichling’s diagram, corresponding with the mean rainfall for that month.

Total.

35.56

22.72

17.60

43.84

28.48

20.23

43.91

27.02

18.90

46.54 34.13 19.67

46.33

33.69

20.44

41.83

30.96

18.16

Run-off of Mohawk River, Above Little Falls, in Inches in Depth on Watershed.

Dee.

T^OirH    COlOO    ^t^M    0>ON    t-COOO    rH M

ocoo    Tt<001>    l>^iO    CO 05i"H    COrJH o    (N CO CD

M M    CO M rH    COM    ^ M M    CO iH rH    COi-HrH

Nov.

Sept. Oct.

Aug.

July.

June.

April. May.

Mar.

Feb.

Jan.

00 T? § CO CO CO OCOO KmS WON Sow COCOM COTHrH T-1 M

MrH

MrH

l>iOM    O 05 N    >000    00 O CO    10005    »0 r-t iO

lQ    l- i> »o    CO CO lO    00 00 O    CDHN    won

COCO

(M

(MrH

88$ S8S 833 883 888 883

rH    ^ i-H

(M

Cl

COiH

CO rH

00 0500    CO rH 05    (M<M00    0^05    O »C t>    OOO

t^i->M    -^OiO    CO O iO    CO 05 'rf    WINN    WOCO

r-i    TjirH    CO rH

IO M ^ rH

rt^ O (M    HCOH    N- 05 CO    OOO    C1NH    CC5W

TtU>TjH    CO 00 GO    00 05 CO    1>10C0    OOl-tOO

IO *    ^    1-1    ^ rH    10 rH

CO

COt^TH    (M GO 05    CO M 05    OHO    00 05 CO    CO 05 (M

o oooo    ^cooo    oo oo rH    o i> co    i>^co    cocoes

co

CO

CO (MrH I> M <M CO 1H

t^rtico    N- M 00    ICCOIO    00COO5    ©MM    rH M O

COCOIO    00 00 O    ^iCM    l>C0»O    HXN    HW^

CO CO rH

CO Cl tH HHH

»0 M M CO (M H

CO Cl O WWO HCOH    O 051.0 WINOO

1>050 100505 CO 0 05 OOOO OOrt (M T-H oo

thcOth cocom m’com m com

IHCOM

CO N- Cl

CO (M 05    OOOON-    HlNH    lO^Cl    COOCI    C5INW

CO COO    1-ihO    <M O ^    05 CO 05    (NNO    M M ^

iOCOIlO    CO CO

COOOCO 100510

co^oco

CO05 CO    OOOO    CO05CO    OfO    COh H    (M Cl Cl

(M rH 05    TfOCO    00 CO    TtH 05 CO    NOW    COOH

<M H H CO CO Cl

CO <M CO CO M Cl Cl Cl

CO 10 N-    OOCOI>    COCOCl    001> M    CO ^ 05    cuooo

Tt^co^    '■tfOOO    I>10C0    COMO    OON    05 CO CO

M M rH CO M MHH

CO M H CO rH Cl

Rainfall and

YEAR.

1899.

Mean rainfall.............

Run-off (measured).......

Run-off (Kuichling).......

1900.

Mean rainfall (measured). .

Run-off (measured).......

Run-off (KuichUng).......

1901.

Mean rainfall......

Run-off (measured) Run-off (Kuichling) 1902.

Mean rainfall......

Run-off (measured). Run-off (Kuichling) 1903.

Mean rainfall......

Run-off (measured) Run-off (Kuichling) 1904.

Mean rainfall.......

Run-off (measured) Run-off (Kuichling)

For the year 1899, the measured run-off exceeded the run-off given by Mr. Kuichling’s diagram for seven months of the year; with a total rainfall of 35.56 inches, the measured run-off was 22.72 inches, and by Mr. Kuichling’s diagram, 17.50 inches.

For the year 1900, the measured run-off exceeded the run-off given by the diagram in eleven months of the year; with a total rainfall of 43.84 inches, the measured run-off was 28.48 inches, and by Mr. Kuichling’s diagram, 20.23 inches.

For the year 1901, the measured run-off was greater than the diagram for ten months of the year. The total measured run-off was 27.02 inches, and the run-off by diagram was 18.90 inches.

For the year 1902, the measured run-off was greater than that shown by the diagram in eleven months of the j⁷ear, with a total measured run-off of 34.13 inches, and by the diagram, 19.67 inches.

For the year 1903, the measured run-off was greater than that given by the.diagram in eleven months of the year, and the total measured run-off was 33.69 inches, and by the diagram the total was 20.44 inches.

For the year 1904, the measured run-off was greater than that shown by the diagram during ten months of the year, with a total measured run-off of 30.96 inches, and by the diagram, 18.16 inches.

As regards the watershed of the Mohawk river above little Falls, the above comparison shows that Mr. Kuichling’s diagrams give a much smaller run-off than the measured run-off during the past five years. A comparison of the measured run-off of West Canada creek at Twin Rock, above Hinckley, with the run-off given by Mr. Kuichling’s diagram, shows that the measured run-off at that point exceeds the amount shown by Mr. Kuichling by a larger percentage than does the comparison made at Little Falls. This is doubtless due to the fact that the upper waters of West Canada creek are in the region of high rainfall. The examination which I have made confirms me in the belief that the run-off given by Mr. Kuichling in the Barge canal report for the Mohawk river watershed will always be exceeded.

Run-off From West Canada Creek. '

Gagings have been made under the direction of Robert E. Horton, hydrographer, of the United States Geological Survey, at Twin Rock bridge on the West Canada creek, about two miles above Hinckley, since September 7, 1900, and the results have been published in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer.

Taking the rainfall for the years 1901, 1902, 1903 and 1904 at the ollowing stations,—Little Falls (No. 1), Little Falls (No. 2), Rome, North Lake, Indian Lake, Blue Mountain Lake and Wells,—and

using the measured run-off given by Mr. Horton bridge, I have compiled the following table:

Year.

at Twin Rock

Precipitation.

Run-off (Horton).

H—¹    h-¹ r—¹

O cO cD CO

44.25

40.50

48.60

46.00

44.51

53.22

55.75

44.39

As will be seen by the above table, in two of the years the measured run-off was greater than the precipitation. It is probable that the rainfall stations used do not fairly represent the rainfall within the watershed of West Canada creek above Twin Rock bridge, but in the absence of reliable records within the watershed I have been obliged to use those available. In a recent letter from Mr. Horton, he says that he believes that the precipitation within the West Canada creek is much greater than that given by the stations which are used, owing mainly to the fact that proper weight is not given, in the State reports of rainfall, to the moisture which falls in the form of snow. It is obvious that either the estimated mean precipitation over the entire watershed, as deduced from the recorded observations for points surrounding the West Canada creek watershed is much too small, or the measured run-off at Twin Rock bridge is too large.

Mr. Horton states that he considers his measurements of the run-off at Twin Rock bridge to be reliable. In the absence of reliable data showing the precipitation in the West Canada creek watershed, I have decided to use that given by the records. While the actual precipitation may be greater than that shown, the use of the records as given will result in showing a smaller precipitation and smaller consequent run-off on the West Canada creek than may actually occur. This error, if any, will be on the side of safety in determining the minimum run-off from that watershed.

As a matter of interest and in showing the applicability of Mr. Kuichling’s method, I would refer to the records for May, 1903, where a rainfall of .10 inches gave a measured run-off of .82 inches, and by Mr. Kuichling’s diagram a run-off of .72 inches, showing a close comparison between the measured and calculated run-off in this month under abnormal conditions.

Method of Determining Flow From Reservoir.

The method used by Mr. Kuichling in determining the probable amount of water which could be drawn from reservoirs in the watershed of the Mohawk river was, in general, as follows:

From the data which he had collected, he decided that it was probable that a minimum flow of 0.05 cubic feet per second per square mile, from the drainage area, would be reached in time of protracted drought, and hence adopted that rate for such watershed. Using the percentage of water-surface of the storage reservoirs in the watershed; the excess of depth in inches of evaporation from the water-surface during a given period of time, over the rainfall thereon during the same time; the probable depth in inches of run-off from the land surface; the depth of run-off from the entire drainage area' after deducting the loss due to evaporation during the number of days in a given period; Mr. Kuichling deduces several formulas as described on pages 658 and 659 of the Barge canal report. These formulas give the uniform discharge in cubic feet per day from one square mile of drainage area, when the freshet floods in said period had been equalized by storage, and also for the condition that twice as much w⁷ater shall be delivered for 244 days of the year as for the remaining 121 days.

By the use of his formulas, Mr. Kuichling estimated that the flow from the Delta reservoir during the months of April, May, June, July, August, September, October and November, in the lowest years, would be a total of 12,663,600 cubic feet per day, and of this amount about one-third was to be continuously passed to the river and about two-thirds diverted to the canal.

Similar calculations were made by Mr. Kuichling for the reservoirs on the West Canada creek, Limestone creek and Cazenovia lake. In order to make a comparison between the results obtained by Mr. Kuichling by his method of calculation and the results obtained by other methods used by Hydraulic Engineers, I have used the following method in determining the probable flow in the Delta reservoir, under the conditions assumed by Mr. Kuichling:

Method Used Herein.

The engineers employed by the Bombay Residency in the work done by the British Government in designing and building reservoirs for irrigation, deduced and used a method of calculation which may be described as follows:

The basis of calculation is the depth of rainfall or run-off on the watershed. The run-off of a certain watershed is secured from gag-ings of the stream in question. A table is made for each year covered by the gagings, showing the run-off in inches for each month of each year. This is considered as the total inflow into the reservoir. The outgo from the reservoir is the sum of the water lost by evaporation and that used for irrigation, navigation, domestic or power purposes.

In months where the inflow to the reservoir is greater than the sum of the losses, the amount of water in the reservoir will be increased to the point where the reservoir is full, after which any additional water will be wasted from the reservoir and passed down the stream.

In months where the sum of the losses are greater than the inflow into the reservoir, water to make up the deficiency will be drawn from the reservoir, depleting the storage. This method of calculation, carried through a series of years, shows the stage of water in the reservoir at any month of any year.

In the following calculations, owing to the lack of reliable records of run-off, I have used the run-off tables deduced by Mr. Kuichling in the Barge canal report:

Mohawk River.

No. 1. Reservoir at Delta.

Crest of dam = 540 (elevation in feet). Area of watershed = 140.16 square miles. Area of reservoir = 3.70 square miles.

Ratio of water-surface

= .0263= 2.63%.

3.70

140.16

1 inch on water-surface = .0263 inches on watershed.

1 inch on 1 square mile = 2,323,200 cubic feet.

1 inch on 140.16 square miles = 325,619,712 cubic feet. Capacity of reservoir with dam 60 feet high = 1,643,386,000 cubic feet.

Reservoir will store

1,643,386,000

325,619,712

= 5.04 inches on watershed

Assumed flow from reservoir.

(April, May, June, July, August, September, October and November.) To Canal. 9,442,400 cubic feet daily = 110 cubic feet per second. To River. 3,221,200 cubic feet daily = 37 cubic feet per second.

9,442,400

9,442,400 cubic feet daily =

3,221,200 cubic feet daily =

325,619,712

3,221,200

= .029 in. on 140.16 sq. mi.

= .010 in. on 140.16 sq. mi.

325,619,712

For closed season. (December, January, February and March.) The flow from the reservoirs is assumed as one-half the flow for the

open season.

To Canal. For 28 days = .812 inches, say, .81 For 30 days = .870 inches, say, .87 For 31 days = .899 inches, say, .90 To River. For 28 days = .27 inches, say, .27, at .01 = .28 For 30 days = .29 inches, say, .29, at .01 = .30 For 31 days = .299 inches, say, .30, at .01 = .31.

TOTAL.

Canal and river.

For closed season.

28 days

30    days

31    days

Inches.

1.08

1.16

1.20

Inches.

.54

.58

Jin

Supply to canal and river for period, April 1 to December 1, will be as follows:

In Inches in Depth.

MONTH.

Canal.

River.

Sum.

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November.

OOCOOOCOCOOOCOOO

■dC'JCC'lOM

.29

:o

.21)

.30

.30

.29

.::n

.29

1.16 1.20 1.16 1.20 1.20 1.16 1.20 1.16

9.44

For Closed Season (To River).

December January.. February. March

.60

.00

.54

.til)

2.34

11.78

Taking the run-off as per Table No. 7, page 809, for lowest year with reductions for evaporation, water for canal and river, we have the following tables:

Evaporation From Water-Surface.

(Barge canal report, page 809.)

As one inch on the reservoir = .0263 inches on watershed, we have Column 3, the evaporation in terms of inches on watershed.

Evaporation in Inches.

MONTH.

Total depth.

On watershed.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October.. . November. December.

.65

.75

1.40

2.80

3.90

5.10

5.70

5.40

4.20

3.20

1.60

1.30

02

!02

04

i07

.10

.14

.15

.15

11

!08

.04

36.00

Table Showing State of Delta Reservoir in Year of Least Rainfall with Draft of 9,442,400 Cubic Feet Daily for Canal During Canal Season, and Draft of 3,221,200 Cubic Feet for River in Canal Season, and Draft of 6,331,800 Cubic Feet for River in Closed Season.

MONTH.

Inflow.

Evap

oration.

Outgo From Reservoir

In Reservoir,

Excess.

to

canal.

to

nver.

Total.

Defic

iency.

Res. full = 5.04"

December. January... February.. March....

April.....

May......

June......

July......

August September. October... November.

1.10

1.00

1.20

2.40

1.90

1.60

!40

.50

.00

40

Loo

.04

.1,0

.04

.02

.60

.62

46

.40

02

!04

.54

.56

.60

.0 1

.07

.10

.14

.15

.15

11

l08

.04

87

87

87

on

s7

.29

.30

.29

. 30

.30

.29

.30

.29

1.23

1.30

1.30

1.35

1.35

1.27

1.28 1.20

38

04

1.76

67

30

95

85

67

88

.84

1.48

3.24

3.91

4.21

3.71

2.76

1.91

1.24

.36

.16

Total,

12.90

12.74

.16

The above table shows the method of arriving at the amount in the reservoir and the amount of waste from the reservoir for any one year. I have performed the same calculations for other years and the results are tabulated below. In the following table, where years are not consecutive, the years shown are those of lowest rainfall:

Table Showing the State, of the Reservoir on the Mohawk River at Delta for Certain Years from 1829 to 1904, Inclusive, For a Draft During the Canal Season of 12,663,600 Cubic Feet per Day, Being Equal to 0,039 Inches on the Watershed, and During the Closed Season of 6,331,800 Cubic Feet per Day, Being Equal to 0.019 Inches on the Watershed.

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste from reservoir.

6. Reservoir at Delta. Final.

Crest of dam = 550 (elevation in feet).

Area of watershed = 140.16 square miles.

Area of reservoir - 4.33 square miles.

1 inch on 1 square mile = 2,323,200 cubic feet.

1 inch on watershed = 325,619,712 cubic feet.

Reservoir will store

= 8.42 inches on watershed.

^Capacity of reservoir = 2,762,703,760 cubic feet. 2,762,703,760 325,619,712

.050 inch on watershed.

Assumed flow from the reservoir, April to November, inclusive. 13,025,000 cubic feet per day to canal 1 151 cubic feet per second to canal.... I

3,221,200 cubic feet per day to river.. |

37 cubic feet per second to river..... j

*Note—Later surveys (1905) give the capacity of reservoir as

2,702,275,500 cubic feet, but results are not materially changed thereby.

Assumed flow from reservoir, December to March, inclusive.

= .010 inch on watershed.

3,221,200 cubic feet per day. .

37 cubic feet per second.........

State of Reservoir.

1829

1837

1838

1839

1844

1856

1877

1879

1880

1881

1882

1883

1884

1885

1886

1887

1888

1890

1891

1892

1893

1894

1895

1896

1897

1898

1899

1900

1901

1902

1903

1904

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste.

1.43

.43

. 12

.52

1.82

1.75 5.56 6.17

5.43 2.79 4.14 3.21 3.82 7.01 7.23

3.44

5.60 7.08 7.53 4.12 6.38 4.11 4.11 2.16 4.58 4.98

5.61

3.45 5.96 4.72 5.63

5.76 4.52

2.37

1.93

.17

6.44

2.16

.os

4.18

4.91

5.37

7.94

5.52

6.40

3.97

3.22

3.30

1.50

2.65

1.37

2.85

1.42

2.20

3.22

1.74

Supply From West Canada Creek.

Mr. Kuichling examined sites for two reservoirs on the West Canada creek, in the vicinity of Hinckley, one being about one mile below the village, and the other about one mile up-stream from the village.

By the method outlined above, I have calculated the probable flow from the proposed reservoirs of various sites, with the following results:

1. Reservoir below Hinckley, crest elevation, 1,225. Area of watershed - 371.9 square miles.

Area of reservoir = 5.28 square miles.

1 inch on 1 square mile = 2,323,200 cubic feet.

Reservoir will store

- 4.62 inches on watershed.

1 inch on watershed = 863,988,080 cubic feet. Capacity of reservoir =3,989,468,500 cubic feet,

3,989,468,500 863,988,080

J- = .042 in. on watershed.

= .014 in. on watershed.

Assumed flow from reservoir, April to November, inclusive.

24,287,500 cubic feet per day to canal..

282 cubic feet per second to canal 12,000,000 cubic feet per day to river...

140 cubic feet per second to river J Assumed flow from reservoir, December to March, inclusive. 12,000,000 cubic feet per day...

140 cubic feet per second

State op Reservoir.

1829

1837

1838

1839

1844

1856

1877

1878

1879

1880

1881

1882

1883

1884

1885

18S6

1887

1888

1889

1890

1891

1892

1893

1894

1895

1896

1897

1898

1899

1900

1901

1902

1903

1904

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste.

.61

.43

2.26

.84

.63

1.68

1.24

.M

1.13

1.12

1.18

.34

1.06

.09

2.90

2.31

.12

1.50

2.13

3.55

.16

2.99

.45

1.18

1.45

1.93

2.24

3.02

.11

2.57

1.19

2.22

2.04

1.32

CnOSOi^MCrcOO^ptOCTslOMH^^CnOtObO^tOOObOCOCOtOi-itO^^tOCTi^

2. Reservoir above Hinckley, crest elevation, 1,230. Area of watershed = 370 square miles.

Area of reservoir = 5.73 square miles.

1 inch on 1 square mile = 2,323,200 cubic feet.

1 inch on watershed = 859,584,000 cubic feet. Capacity of reservoir = 3,623,535,500 cubic feet. 3,623,535,500

= 4.22 inches on watershed.

859,584,000

Assumed flow from reservoir,A pril to November, inclusive.

Reservoir will store

y = .04 in. on watershed.

22,383,400 cubic feet per day to canal. . . ^| 260 cubic feet per second to canal 12,000,000 cubic feet per day to river.... 140 cubic feet per second to river. J

= .014 in. on watershed.

Assumed flow from reservoir, December to March, inclusive. 12,000,000 cubic feet per day. .

140 cubic feet per second

State op Reservoir.

1829

1837

1838

1839

1844

1856

1877

1878

1879

1880

1881

1882

1883

1884

1885

1886

1887

1888

1889

1890

1891

1892

1893

1894

1895

1896

1897

1898.. ..

1899.. ..

1900.. . .

1901

1902

1903

1904

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste.

HHMMM lOtOMHM to COtOt—‘ to to

»-»    H-*

C>C5©£k--^0*OOC^*<ICOOiOO©GOi-‘C7iCiMWCOC7it050tOrf^tf*.COtOt04i»‘tOCOCi©

^tOWQO©WOiCO<I^IOOrf*.^IO*<I©QOC5©tOtO^©COOO©00©W©<l<ItO<l

3. Reservoir above Hinckley, crest elevation, 1,225. To be used with additional reservoir at Grant.

Area of watershed = 270 square miles. Area of reservoir = 4.40 square miles.

1 inch on 1 square mile = 2,323,200 cubic feet.

1 inch on watershed = 627,264,000 cubic feet. Capacity of reservoir =2,918,112,000 cubic feet. 2,918,112,000

Reservoir will store

= 4.65 inches on watershed.

627,264,000

Assumed flow from reservoir, April to November, inclusive. 15,395,560 cubic feet per day to canal. .. ^

180 cubic feet per second to canal 9,695,000 cubic feet per day to river.... •

112 cubic feet per second to river. J

}- =. 04 in. on watershed.

Assumed flow from reservoir, December to March, inclusive. 15,681,600 cubic feet per day....

180 cubic feet per second

!■

.025 in. on watershed.

r State of Reservoir.

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste.

1829

1837

1838

1839 1844 1856

1877

1878

1879

1880

1881

1882...

1883.. .

1884.. .

1885.. .

1886.. :

1887.. .

1888.. .

1889.. .

1890.. .

1891.. .

1892.. .

1893.. .

1894.. .

1895.. .

1896.. .

1897.. .

1898.. .

1899.. .

1900.. .

1901..    .

1902.. .

1903.. .

1904.. .

tO •-»»-» tO

C5C0 4^0iO4^C0CnC000Cn00t0OiCO4^00C0<no^4^05Oi4^Cnt005OOt005,X)O

COOCOOiQOOCOOOJOOOitOOCOH-OiMi—rfk^JOiCOOJC^COCOr-iMOiOH-GO©^

»—¹ to to ‘ 00 CO to to H» H-» CO co to ⁴ toco

4^ C* tO C* CO M CO Oi CO C5 CO Ci CO CO 4>> C* H-CO <!    *0 to ►-» to w4*CO

O0COi-*00O5<li-‘^4>.tO^I4>>©O5<!COCO^O5*4».O5-<ItO<IOiO5C*Cnt-‘O0tOtOCrt4>. I OiC04^COMrf^G5©OOOOCOOiOOOiOOH-*CO<lH-‘COCOOi>“‘>f^CO**4COH-‘^.-*4 00 00 G005 I

4. Reservoir on Black creek above Grant, crest elevation, 1,255.

To be used with No. 3, reservoir at Hinckley.

Area of watershed = 100 square miles.

Area of reservoir = 5.2 square miles.

1 inch on 1 square mile =2,323,200 cubic feet.

1 inch on watershed = 232,320,000 cubic feet.

Capacity of reservoir =2,517,419,500 cubic feet.

Reservoir will store-

= 10.84 inches on watershed.

2,517,419,500 232,320,000

Assumed flow from reservoir, April to November, inclusive. .11.616,000 cubic feet per day to canal...

= .05 in. on watershed.

134 cubic feet per second to canal.

000 cubic feet per clay to river....

Assumed flow from reservoir, December to March, inclusive.

000 cubic feet per da> .

State of Reservoir.

YEAR.

In reservoir.

Waste.

£££5£ooSooooo5ooo»Soo5o5ooo.ooSoo»£»»»»»»9o»Sqocow

88g2888388SS82S8$2SS83£SS2SSS?iSt88-58

to CO CO

^■Caos 03 OlCO 05 >£• If* to l^. W 05 MM tS CO COtO >-*    >-‘CO 05 >-■ l-¹ tO tO

to h-⁴ t04^tOCn i-⁴    ............. J

g2Sb88S82S828S522Sfe8S88S8§2S88888888SkS !

to

Combined flow from reservoir, above Hinckley and above Grant.

April to November, inclusive-^

f 27,011,560cubic feet per’day to canal. 314 cubic feet per second to canal.

9,695,000 cubic feet per day to river. 112 cubic feet per second to river.

December to March, inclusive

15,681,600 cubic feet per dajr.

180 cubic feet per second.

The foregoing computations show: that each reservoir at Delta would have furnished the quantities of water noted without emptying it, except in 1838; that the reservoir below Hinckley and the one above Hinckley with crest elevation at 1,230 would have been emptied only in the year 1887; that the reservoir above Hinckley with the crest at 1,225, and the reservoir at Grant would not have been emptied during any year.

r~l

/.

Table Showing Storage and Draft from Various Reservoirs on West Canada Creek and Mohawk River.

FOR RIVER, DEC.-MAR.

Cubic feet per day.

12,000,000

12,000,000

15,681,000

000‘189‘51

3,221,200

3,221,200

Draft From Reservoir.

Storage.'

FOR RIVER, APR.-NOV.

FOR CANAI,.

Cubic feet per second.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Cubic feet.

Inches on watershed.

Elevation of crest-

LOCATION OF DAM.

140

140

1801

180

37

37

12,000,000

12,000,000

9,695,000]

9,695,000

3,221,200

3,221,200

1 10

1 in

112]

112

37

24,287,500

22,383,400

282

260

180 15,395,560 134 11,616,000

27,011,560

9,442,400

13,025,000

3.989.468.500

3.623.535.500

4.62

4.22

1,225

1,230

®.a

.gg

■S

-15

OO

For Two Reservoirs Used Together. 2,918,112,0001 2,517,419,500

4.65

10.84

1,225

1,255

5?

OQ

•§

5J

a os

OO

co"??

314

110

151

1,643,386,000

2,762,703,760

5.04

8.48

Total for two reservoirs..............

At Delta, on Mohawk river (Kuichling) At Delta, on Mohawk river (final)......

to

in

cl

Table Showing Proposed Sources and Minimum Daily Quantities for Supplying the Summit Level by Line North of Rome.

Total Supply.

Minimum Supply For Water-Power East of Summit Level.

Cubic feet Cubic feet Cubic feet Cubic feet per second. per day. per second. per day.

oooooo

oooooo

OOtNO^iO

loo^oooeot^

oo^wocoo

CDONCIWN

OOCOCO^CO y-i y-i COCO

73.863.200 75,767,300

2,667,900

76,531,100

78.835.200

Minimum Supply for Navigation.

Cubic feet Cubic feet per second. per day.

SOURCE OF SUPPLY.

123

104

Ins

(a)    400

(b)    422

(a)    857

(b)    879

oooo

oooo

ciooo

H00OO <MC5 OO <M COOO

CO i—< M (M

T-H T—(

37

15

31

(a)    888

(b)    910

16,549,200

16,549,200

2,667,900

19,217,100

19,217,100

(a)    140

(b)    140

(a)    192

(b)    192

oooooo

oooooo

0000^*0

ICOIOOCON

OOfMOGCGO

CCOOCOCON

00)COIN<N^ »-h t—l M M

123

104

191

27

31

57,314,000

59,218,100

(a)    260

(b)    282

(a)    665

(b)    687

Canada creek, entering /    (

(a)    223

(b)    223

57,314,000

59,218,100

(a)    665

(b)    687

Erie canal, etc., at western end of summit level.

Black River canal at Rome...................

Mohawk river, etc., east of Rome...............

Oriskany feeder, entering by Erie canal at Rome.....

Nine Mile creek feeder, with reservoir only on West at eastern end of summit level, north side.....

Total.................................

Total................................

From tributary area above Little Falls..........

Total.................................

Total.................................

0*0

SS-

1§

■f-g

a>T5

If

ofe

It

II

>$

c3X-

£S

3S

The preceding table shows that the minimum supply for canal navigation on the summit level by using all of the proposed sources of supply, except West Canada creek, will be 34,930,600 cubic feet per day, or 405 cubic feet per second; that if the reservoir above Hinckley, crest elevation 1,230, is added thereto, the supply will be 57,314,000 cubic feet per day, or 665 feet per second; that if the reservoir at Hinckley with the dam below that village and a crest elevation of 1,225 is used, the total minimum supply will be 59,218,100 cubic feet per day, or 687 cubic feet per second.

As shown on page 90 of this report, the total necessary supply with widened locks is 37,424,594 cubic feet per day, or 434.16 cubic feet per second. If the proposed canal prism with seventy-five feet width on the bottom, increased to 145 feet on the bottom, so that the cross-section of the larger prism will bear the same relation to the boats fitted for the wide locks as the seventy-five-foot prism bears to the boats fitted to the twenty-eight-foot locks, the increase in the order required will be as follows: the increase will be mainly in the two items of “evaporation and plants” and for “seepage and percoj lation.” Taking the added quantities required as being equal to those shown in the above table on page 90, we have for the total increase:

Total.

ITEMS.

Cubic feet per day.

Cubic feet per second.

Evaporation and plants. Seepage and percolation

161,858

3,928,000

1.87

45.4

Total

4,089,858

47.27

This will make the amount of water required for the summit level with a wider prism as follows:

37,424,594 + 4,089,858 =41,574,452 cubic feet per day, and the corresponding amount of 481.43 cubic feet per second.

The foregoing table shows that, if all of the proposed sources are improved, there will at all times be a large surplus of water for a traffic of 10,000,000 tons. The sources other than West Canada creek will supply sufficient water for a traffic of more than 5,000,000 tons per year.

Conclusions.

From my study of the entire question of the water-supply for the summit level, and basing my knowledge in some particulars on surveys and examinations made since Mr. Kuichling made his report thereon, in 1900, I have arrived at the following conclusions:

1.    That the methods used by Mr. Kuichling in calculating the amount of water required for the summit level and the amount available from present and prospective sources are correct, and that the results which he arrived at coincide closely with those obtained by other methods of calculation.

2.    That there will be required for the summit level 37,424,594 cubic feet per day, or 434.16 cubic feet per second.

3.    That the present sources of supply, together with new reservoirs at Limestone creek, on the Mohawk river at Delta and at any one of the proposed locations at Hinckley, will furnish an ample amount of water for navigation purposes with the widened locks, and when the land sections of the proposed new canal have been widened to a bottom width of one hundred and forty-five feet.

4.    That the reservoirs to be built on the Mohawk river and West

Canada creek will tend to equalize the monthly flow in those streams. Intelligent regulation of the flow from the reservoirs will increase the low-water flow now used for power.

5. That the crest of the proposed dam at Delta should be not lower than elevation 550, and that the proposed crest of the reservoir below Hinckley should be not lowrer than 1,225, and that the proposed crest with the reservoir above Hinckley should be not less than elevation 1,230.

(Signed) WM. B. LANDRETH,

Special Resident Engineer.

APPENDIX III.

Review of William B. Landreth’s Report, Dated September 30, 1905, on the Water-Supply of the Rome Summit Level of the New York State Barge Canal, by E. Kuichling, C. E., October

3i, 1905.

New York, N. Y., October 31, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, C. E., State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Dear Sir.—I have received from Mr. Wm. B. Landreth, Special Resident Engineer of the New York State Barge canal, a copy of his report on the water-supply of the Rome summit level, dated September 30, 1905, with a request that I should review the same. The following comments are, therefore, respectfully submitted:

1. Length of Canal on which Loss of Water by Evaporation and Seepage

is Anticipated.

The length of the Rome summit level is 10.38 miles. To the west thereof are two relatively short lower levels, having an aggregate length of 6.99 miles and terminating at the Oneida lake level, while to the east two similar levels, aggregating 10.70 miles in length, connect with a series of long levels formed in the Mohawk river. Mr. Landreth assumes that loss of water by evaporation need be considered only on the contemplated summit level between locks No. 22 and No. 23, and shows that the evaporation from the series of levels east and west thereof will amply be supplied by the natural minimum flow from the watersheds intercepted by those levels.

Similarly, loss of water by seepage or percolation is very properly assumed to occur only in those portions of the summit level and the adjacent Revels east and west of the summit, where the water-surface of the canal will be above the surface of the adjacent lands. It is also stated that, of such adjacent levels, only the first one east and first and second west of the summit need be considered in this respect, as the other levels will always receive enough water to supply the loss by seepage from different sources than those contemplated for supplying the summit level.

The aggregate length of the summit level and the said three adjacent levels is 22.67 miles, while the aggregate length in which seepage is anticipated is 17.40 miles, or 76.8 per cent of the whole. This percentage is so large, that is is hardly worth while calling attention to the fact that estimates of loss by seepage usually refer to the entire length of the levels, instead of only to those portions where such loss actually occurs. Furthermore, as this loss is found to be only about 10 per cent of the total supply required for the summit level, and is dependent in large degree on the quality of the lining applied to the canal prism, it seems unnecessary to make any amendment of the figures presented.

2. Loss of Water by Seepage or Percolation.

Concerning the magnitude of the loss by seepage or percolation in the proposed Barge canal, little further can be said than is submitted in the Barge canal report of 1901 and in Mr. Landreth’s report. Everything will depend upon the measures that will be taken in construction to prevent seepage in sections where the soil is permeable. On the assumption that such work will be done thoroughly, it was estimated that the loss by seepage or percolation would not exceed a depth of 4.17'' per day on the water-surface of the canal; and as the plans for construction provide for adequate puddling operations, I know of no reason for modifying the estimate mentioned.

3-4. Losses by Leakage at Lock-Gates and Valves, and Waste over

Spillways.

The estimated losses of water by leakage at lock-gates and valves and by waste over spillways appear to be adequate, so that no comments thereon need be made.

5-6. Water Required for Power to Operate Locks and Furnish

Electric Light.

In the Barge canal report of 1901, it was assumed that 20 horsepower exerted for an aggregate period of 300 minutes per day, would be sufficient to operate the gates of a lock and facilitate the entrance and removal of the barges; but as the new plans contemplate much wider locks and vessels, Mr. Landreth’s estimate of 60 horse-power for the necessary motors is entirely proper. For lighting purposes the former estimate was retained. The quantity of water required for producing these powers by means of turbines is correctly given in Mr. Landreth’s report.

7. Water for Lockages.

The assumptions made in Mr. Landreth’s report (pages 88-90) with reference to the average number of lockages per day, are somewhat different from those used in the aforesaid Barge canal report, inasmuch as they provide for locks and vessels of much larger size; and for this reason, the estimates of number of lockages and quantity of water required therefor per day may be accepted as presented.

Considerable variation in this respect is possible, as the manner in which the navigation traffic is conducted is the governing element. It is obvious that, with small boats, the number of lockages for a given annual tonnage will be greater than with large boats. The absolute minimum number of lockages occurs when the boats are all of such size as to nearly fill the area of the lock-chamber, and are always fully loaded when traveling in both directions, and meet each other at every lock; one lock-full of wrater taken from the upper level then serves for the lockage of two full cargoes.

On the other hand, the maximum number of lockages is governed only by the time required to operate a lock in passing a boat from one level to the next, and is independent of the tonnage. Between these limiting numbers the probable average number of lockages per day must be chosen. If the boats going east are all fully loaded, while those going west are all empty, and if they meet each other at every lock, then for a given annual tonnage the minimum number of lockages will be twice the aforesaid absolute minimum. Such a condition, however, is not to be expected, as the movement of the boats at locks should not be delayed materially in order to compel meetings.

Similarly, it is unreasonable to consider that the locks will always be operated at their maximum rate during the entire season of navigation, as this involves the assumption of either a vastly greater annual tonnage than is contemplated, or the traffic of an undue number of empty vessels or boats for pleasure. With these considerations in mind, it will be found that Mr. Landreth’s estimate of the probable average number of lockages per day can safely be adopted, and with it also his estimate of the average quantity of water required for the purpose.

8. Method of Estimating Run-off From Drainage Areas.

The brief description given in Mr. Landreth’s report (page 93) of the method used by the undersigned in the Barge canal report of 1901 for computing the monthly run-off from watersheds, requires a little supplementary explanation. The run-off curves mentioned were made from the averages of several groups of observations applicable to each month. Thus for monthly rainfalls (R) ranging from 0.0" to 1.0", or a mean of 0.5", the mean of the corresponding monthly run-offs (C) was taken; and similarly for rainfalls (R) ranging from 1.0" to 2.0", 2.0" to 3.0", etc. The resulting mean values of the monthly run-off (C) for each group of observations were then platted as ordinates to the corresponding mean values of the monthly rainfalls (R) as abcissas, and by connecting the ends of the ordinates (C), a more or less irregular line was obtained, to which a continuous curve was then adapted by clipping projections and raising depressions. By this means the ordinates of the curve represent the probable run-off for an average or normal distribution of the corresponding depths of rainfall in the month under consideration. The assumption is that the given rainfall has an average character and does not occur wholly at the end of the month whereby much of the resulting flow would appear in the following month.

Furthermore, the values of the monthly run-off (C) given by the curves are entirely independent of the magnitude of the annual rainfall, or even the distribution of the latter through the several seasons of the year. In a year of high rainfall, there may be a very low precipitation for one or two months, and conversely, in a year of low rainfall, one or two months may show a relatively high precipi-tation. The reliability of the curves depends essentially on the correctness of the given data, and these have been taken exactly as submitted by their authors. In several cases the data embrace a long period of years, in which both maximum and minimum yearly rainfalls occur, while in others, which embrace only a few years, the range in the annual precipitation is comparatively small. The entire number of observations, however, give a great variety of values of (R) and (C) for each month, regardless of the total precipitation in any single year, and it is reasonable to assume that the mean of a large group of observations will give a more reliable result than that of a small group. Accordingly, if the data which were used in constructing the said monthly run-off curves are correct, the mean values of (C) derived therefrom should represent correctly the run-off when the rainfall during that month is distributed in an average manner, or so that a considerable portion of the rainfall should not be credited to the run-off of the following month.

It requires no argument to prove that on the average the run-off from a given watershed cannot exceed the rainfall, provided that all of the factors have been measured correctly. If the surface and subsoil are highly absorptive, a large proportion of the heavy rainfall will be retained below the surface without loss by evaporation, and will subsequently reappear at springs, so that a portion of the water stored in a year of high precipitation will be delivered in the following year of low precipitation. By this means the run-off, expressed as a percentage of the rainfall, may become low in a year of high rainfall following one of low rainfall, and conversely, the percentage may become high in a year of low precipitation following one of high precipitation. The same is also true of the monthly run-off and rainfall, and especially in the winter months when accumulations of snow and ice occur. These factors render the account between the monthly rainfall and run-off extremely complicated.

On the other hand, if the surface and subsoil are not absorptive, the effect of subterranean storage disappears, and the rainfall which is not evaporated or retained by the surface vegetation will soon find its way to the streams or watercourses. In the warm seasons the account between rainfall and run-off thus becomes relatively simple, and complication ensues only during the winter and early spring months. The data used in the construction of the monthly run-off curves relate to conditions such as are described above, and hence the values of (C) must be regarded merely as approximations, especially in the winter and spring months. For the summer and autumn months, on the other hand, the values are much closer to the truth, particularly in watersheds where numerous large springs do not occur.

Furthermore, the principal data used in constructing said curves refer to watersheds of moderate magnitude, on which the distribution of the rainfall is fairly well known by gages at numerous points; and hence the values of the run-off (C) from other watersheds can properly be compared with those obtained from the curves only when the rainfall on such other basins is equally well established. In mountainous regions great differences occur in the precipitation at different points of the same altitude, depending on the direction of the air currents and the height, distance and extent of the mountain mass. The estimation of the rainfall on such a watershed, by taking the mean of a few observations at places far apart in both position and altitude, is permissible only when the stations happen to be located at different altitudes, and their number conforms to the areas of the several zones of varying precipitation; otherwise different weights must be given to the separate observations in order to obtain the true mean.

These remarks are prompted by the estimates of the rainfall on the watershed of the Mohawk river above Little Falls, given in Mr.

Landreth’s report (pages 94-96). If the observed monthly run-offs are correct, a brief comparison thereof with the corresponding precipitations will show that the magnitude of the latter has been greatly underrated. With the existing meteorological and topographical conditions of the territory, it is safe to say that the aggregate run-off during the four months from January 1 to May 1 cannot ordinarily exceed the aggregate rainfall to any great extent, and the same is, in still greater degree, true for the period of six months from November 1 to May 1. On examining the table in Mr. Landreth’s report (page 95), however, it will be found that in each of the six years, 1899-1904, the sum of the rainfalls for January, February, March and April is considerably less than the sum of the corresponding run-offs, the averages being, respectively, 12.43" and 15.18". Similarly, for the period of six months from November 1 to May 1, it is found that the aggregate rainfall is less than the aggregate run-off in three out of the five available periods, the averages being, respectively, 19.79" and 20.13".

In like manner, the data relating to watersheds which do not contain springs of unusual magnitude, show that the aggregate run-off during the four months from July 1 to November 1 is generally about 22.5 per cent of the aggregate rainfall, the range being commonly from 15 to 30 per cent. In the case of the watershed above Little Falls, however, Mr. Landreth’s data for the six years, 1899-1904, show that on the average the aggregate run-off during said period is 36.9 per cent of the aggregate rainfall, with a range of 15.6 to 54.4 per cent; and similarly with the period of six months from May 1 to November 1.

It is, therefore, extremely probable that the estimates of the monthly and yearly rainfall on the watershed above Little Falls are much too small, and hence also that a correspondingly larger run-off may be expected than that on which the storage computations are based. To determine the probable rainfall on the basin will involve considerable further study of the data that are now available, and it may also be possible to establish a reasonably good relation between the average monthly or annual rainfall over the entire area, and that which has been observed at one or two stations where long records have been kept. Should such a relation be found, a much better estimate can be made of the run-off in a year of extreme drought. It may also be added that the same remarks are applicable to the case of the run-off from the West Canada creek basin.

9. Methods of Determining Flow From Reservoir.

The method of determining the requisite capacity of a storage reservoir, was briefly outlined on pages 658 and 659 of the Barge canal report of 1901, but as some details of the process were not printed, it may be of interest to refer to them here. The notation used is as follows:

n = percentage of water-surface on drainage area;

100 - n - percentage of land surface on drainage area.

' excess of depth in inches of evaporation (E) from the • water-surface during a given period of time (t) over . the rainfall (R) thereon during the same time. j probable depth in inches of run-off from the land sur-\ face during the same period.

<h =

C depth of run-off from the entire drainage area during the same period, after deducting the equivalent loss due to evaporation from the water-surface.

C and Cx = corresponding depths of run-off during one year, t = number of days in the given period.

area.

r storage volume, expressed in inches depth on the 1 drainage

pq =

2,323,200 - number of cubic feet represented by a depth of one inch on one square mile of surface, uniform discharge from reservoir in cubic feet per day from each square mile of the drainage area, when the irregular yield of the watershed during the said period (t) can be equalized by a suitable storage reservoir, uniform discharge from reservoir in cubic feet per day during (t) days from each square mile of the drainage area, when the irregular yield of the watershed during one year can be equalized by a suitable storage reservoir, and also when (q) cubic feet per day is discharged during the remaining (365 - t) days of the year. The factor (p) is wholly arbitrary.

We will then have the following general relations:

(i)

c =0.01[(100 - n)c - ne]= c-0.01 Xn(c + e);

(2)

Q= \

m(cI+s)

for any number of days (t), usually between ’April 1 and December 1;

pqt + (365 - t)q = q[365 + (p - l)t] = mCi; for a period of one year.

If the capacity of the reservoir is sufficient to equalize the irregular yield of the watershed uniformly for an entire year, the value of (t) in equation (2) will be the number of days in the year on which the run-off or yield is less than (Q), and (365 - t) will be the number of days on which the yield is greater than (Q); and similarly, in equation (3) we will have p = 1 and 365 X q = mC,; furthermore, the value of (Q) in equation (2) will be the same as that of (q) in equation (3), whence there follows:

(4)

m(cT + s)    mC,

365

, or s =

365

Again, if the capacity of the reservoir shall be sufficient to equalize the irregular yield of the watershed so as to furnish (pq) cubic feet per day for (t) consecutive days, during which the average daily yield is less than (pq), and to furnish (q) cubic feet per day for the remaining (365 -1) days, during which the average daily yield is greater than (pq), then (Q) in equation (2) will be equal to (pq) in equation (3), whence there follows:

(5)

m(cr + s)

pt

X [365 + (p - l)t] = mCj, ors = j

pt

[ 365+ (p - 1 )t j

A third case or condition is the requirement that the reservoir shall furnish (pq) cubic feet per day uniformly for (t,) consecutive days, during which the average yield is less than (pq), and also the same daily quantity for (t₂) additional days during which the average yield is greater than (pq),while for the remaining 365 - (t, +t₂) days of the year the discharge shall be uniformly (q) cubic feet per day. In this case equation (2) will become: pqt, = m(cI+s), and equation (3) will have the form:

Pq(tx + ta)+q[365 - (t, + t₂)] = q[365 - (t, + t₂)X(p - 1)] = mC, From these two expressions there follows:

(6)

m(c, + s)

mC,

Pt,

yc,-Cl

,or s ₌ j

pt, 365 - (t, + t₂) X (p _ l) ( 365 - (t,+1₂) X(p-l) j As the factors (C, R and E) all refer to the month as unit of time,

the uniform discharge (q) from the reservoir may also be expressed conveniently in terms of depth in inches (q¹) per month on the entire watershed, and the number of days (t, t, and t₂) in terms of number

(6a)

X Cx - Cl.

of months (u, ur and u₂) respectively. Equations (2) and (3) will then be written as follows:

uQ = upq¹ = Cj + s,and q^up + (12- u)] = qT[12 + u(p - l)]=Ci; whence

(3a)

q¹ =

Cj + S

PCX

Cj+S

•, and pq¹=

12 + u(p-1)

12 + u(p-1)

With this notation referring to months, equations (4, 5 and 6) for the required storage capacity, expressed in depth in inches on the watershed, will become:

up

(4a)

12

~ci>

(5a)

up

12+u(p-l)

XCx - cq;

uxp

12+(uI + uJ (p-1)

In these expressions it is understood that (cq) is the net aggregate depth of run-off (after deducting loss by evaporation from the water-surface of the reservoir) for the number (u or ur) of consecutive months during which the uniform monthly discharge (pq¹) is greater than the irregular net monthly run-off, while (CT) is the net depth of run-off for the entire year.

When we have given the run-off (c), the rainfall (R) and the evaporation (E) for each month on a particular drainage area of (M) square miles, before constructing a large storage reservoir, also the approximate area of the water-surface of such reservoir, then the values of (C, n and e) will at once be known, and thence also the value of (Cr) for the year, or (cr) for the period of (t) days. The factor (p) must also be given in conformity with equations (3 or 3a). If the area of the reservoir surface or the value of (n) is unknown, a reasonable assumption respecting the same must be made from an examination of the site, combined with a limiting height for the dam.

In the Barge canal report, the year of least rainfall was considered with assumed values of (R, C and E) as given on page 809 and here reproduced:

j i! 7/

from

Total.

29.70

12.90

36.00

10.30

8.30

10.80

16.20

3.30

25.20

“Table No. 7, Exhibiting Data for Minimum Monthly Rainfall (R), Run-off (C) and Evaporation (L Water-Surfaces, used in Computations for Storage Reservoirs in and near the Upper Mohawk Basin.”

Nov.

July. Aug. Sept. Oct.

June.

May.

April.

Mar.

Feb.

Jan.

Dec.

ITEMS.

2.90

1.00

1.60

2.30

0.80

1.60

2.10

0.40

3.20

2.50

0.40

3.20

OOO

COOd

coo^

3.60

0.50

5.40

2.90

0.40

5.70

ooo

ccooth

codd

ooo ooo

OOCOO d'tfO

CO rH CO CO H CO

ooo ooo

1X000 dCOOO HH(N rH rH 01

ooo ooo

<NO^

rH d rH rH d rH

oo*o 100»0

OdN rHC0t> rH rH O rH rH O

oo»o 100»0 oo o o dcoco

rH H O d rH O

OOO ooo

OH CO CO O CO

ooo

COiOd d o^

OfS

080

00'S

3.70 0.50

5.70

3.10 0.80

5.10

l Rainfall.....

I.    -j Run-off.....

( Evaporation

( Rainfall.....

II.    < Run-off.....

( Evaporation

(Rainfall.....

III.    -^Run-off.....

( Evaporation,

In the foregoing table, Group I refers to the entire year of least rainfall, while Groups II and III refer to the half-year seasons of least rainfall. It may also be remarked that the values of (C) in the table are generally a little smaller than those derived from the monthly run-off curves for the corresponding values of (R), in order to err on the safe side.

In applying the above formulas and data to the case of the proposed reservoir on the upper Mohawk river at Delta, we have given, in addition to the said monthly values of (R, C and E), the drainage area M = 140.16 square miles, and the water-surface of the reservoir = 3.70 square miles, whence n = 2.63 per cent. Strictly considered, the value of (n) should correspond to the average area of the water-surface in the reservoir, but to avoid underestimating the required storage capacity, the full area and value of (n) will be assumed. Previous to the construction of the reservoir, the total run-off in the year of least rainfall is C = 12.90"; after such construction, it will be somewhat less for the same precipitation in consequence of the loss by evaporation from the reservoir. For the entire year, the excess of evaporation over rainfall on the water-surface is: e = 36.0 -29.7 = 6.3 inches, and with n = 2.63, as aforesaid, equation (1) will give:

CT= C - 0.01 Xn(C + e) = 12.90-0.50 - 12.40 inches.

183

365

If the irregular yield were to be equalized so as to give a uniform daily discharge throughout the driest year, the monthly outflow would be one-twelfth of 12.4 inches, or 1.033 inches depth on the whole watershed. Now the above table shows that the monthly yields (C) are less than 1.033 inches continuously for the period of six months or 183 days from June 1 to December 1, and during this period c = 3.70", R = 18.10" and E = 25.20", whence e = 7.10" and: cx = c — 0.01 n(c + e) = 3.70 - 0.28 = 3.42". The required storage capacity (s) is then obtained from equation (4) since t = 183: s =

X12.4 - 3.42 - 2.79 inches depth on the entire watershed.

In the driest season of 6 months from June 1 to December 1, however, the said table shows that the aggregate run-off is only c = 3.30", with R = 16.20" and E = 25.20", whence e = 9.00" and cT= 3.30 - 0.32 = 2.98"; and if the draft from the reservoir during said period is to be 6.21", as above, then the storage capacity must obviously be: s = 6.21 - 2.98 = 3.23 inches depth on the entire watershed.

Similarly, if the irregular yield of the driest year were to be equal-ized so as to furnish a uniform monthly discharge of (2q‘) during the 8 months or 244 days from April 1 to December 1, and (q¹) during

= 2 and (u) = 8, whence from equation (3a): 2q* =

the remaining 4 months or 121 days of the year, we would have (p)

2C1 =— = 1.24"

12 + 8 10

per month. An inspection of the foregoing table shows that the monthly run-off is less than 1.24" for the six consecutive months from June 1 to December 1, so that (u,) = 6 and (u₂) = 2. Now as the minimum aggregate run-off during said period of 6 months does not occur in the year of least annual run-off, but in a year when the annual run-off is somewhat greater than the minimum, we should properly have a knowledge of the factors (R, C and E) for such a year. To err on the safe side, however, it may be assumed that in such a year the aggregate run-off is the same as the minimum, or Cj = 12.4", and that in April and May the run-off is also the same as in the driest year. We will then have as previously for the said driest period of ur = 6 months: ^ = 3.30-0.3235 = 2.9765", and from equation (6a):

X 12.4 - 2.9765 = 7.44 - 2.9765 = 4.4635",

12

12 + 8

which depth corresponds in this particular case of the Delta reservoir to a storage capacity of:

S = mMs = 2,323,200 X140.16 X 4.4635 = 1,453,400,000 cubic feet.

This result is substantially the same as that given on page 687 of the Barge canal report, where slightly different factors were used. It must also be remembered that the foregoing computation is based on the data for the driest year and season, and that the storage capacity must be increased if an equalization of the irregular yield during a year of greater rainfall than the minimum is desired. In a year of normal precipitation, the mean distribution of the rainfall on the upper Mohawk basin may be taken as given on page 779 of the said report, and by deducing the corresponding monthly run-offs from the curves mentioned, we will have the following data *

Total.

44.90

19.50

36.00

19.22

Nov.

lOOsCHN i"H Tf CO *0

Oct.

co*oo*o

ooowoo

^’ocod

Relations for Storage at Delta in Year of Average Precipitation.

Aug. Sept.

NHO00 1>!><N CO

coo^o

TfCCON 00*0^ Tt<

CO 0*0 o

July.

June.

May,

April.

Mar.

Feb.

Jan.

Dec.

ITEMS.

N^OO

CO*Ot>Tt<

rt^odo

OfCON NOH GO

coddo

(M COO(N HNON

TtiHCOH

HOON CO Tf 00 CO

cicicici

NHON

COiOTti Tf

CO CO rH CO

r}< CO*C

codod

co co *ooo

CO rH CO T-l

COINON

rH COO GO

oc oo co oo

CO rH tH rH

II II ii II BiOHO

Rainfall.....

Run-off.....

Evaporation, Net run-off..

For the same conditions as before, viz: p = 2, u = 8 and n= 2.63, we will have:

e = - 8.9"; Cr = 19.5-0.279 = 19.221", and 2q‘ = 1.922".

The table shows that the run-off is less than (2q*) during the 7 months from May 1 to December 1; hence Uj=7 and u₂ = l. For the said period of 7 months, we have sum (R) =27.98", sum (C) = 6.81" and sum (E) = 29.10", whence e = 1.12" and

^=6.81-0.2086 = 6.6014". Finally, from equation (6a) we have the required storage capacity:

s = -X 19.221 -6.6014 = 6.8533", or 20

S = mMs = 2,323,200X140.16X6.8533 = 2,231,600,000 cubic feet.

The limiting storage capacity will be reached when it is required that the equalized yearly outflow from the reservoir shall always be equal to the average annual yield of the watershed. More than the average yield cannot be obtained without encountering a deficiency of more or less magnitude in some years. Assuming that the rainfall on the watershed for the period 1875-1899 is correctly given in the table on page 779 of the Barge canal report, it will be found by inspection that the average precipitation during the 10 years 1890-1899 is nearly the same as for the 25 years 1875-1899; and if it is also assumed that the rainfall in 1900 is normal, we will find by working backward on the aforesaid lines of computation from December 1, 1899, when the reservoir is regarded as empty, that with a capacity of s = 12.69" and an annual draft of 19.22", it will not become filled until June 1, 1892. The limiting storage capacity for the given reservoir at Delta thus becomes about s = 13.00" or S = 4,233,000,000 cubic feet.

It may be of interest to examine the principal results of this backward computation of the required storage capacity, and to notice the variations at different dates; hence they are submitted in the following table:

Computations of Storage Capacity Required to Supply Uniformly 2qx = 1.922" per Square Mile per Month From?April 1 to December 1, and q¹ = 0.961" per Square Mile per Month From December 1 to April 1, During the Period of 10 Years From January 1; 1890, to January 1, 1900; the Rainfall Being as Given on Page 779 of the Barge Canal Report of 1901, and the Run-off Being Derived From the Monthly Run-off Curves Given in Said Report.

Depth in Inches Per Square Mile of Watershed.

Storage.

t^iot'-coioocococsoio^coaCKDoocoi^ GOOrfHrHCOCvJOOOOiO^cDGOC^^r^TtHO <0 i-H    CO ^ <N 05 © CO 00 rH CO 00 CO t> 00 <N

00<Mo6dot^i-«OOJOo6iO(NTt<(MCOOO(N

+-    rH rH    ++

*

2.207

Deficiency.

Surplus.

Outflow.

Inflow.

Number

of

months.

PERIOD.

8.687

6.142

6.582

7.085

8.086

8.495

7.522

7.518

5.095

58.630

7.534 0.378

6.214

0.223

8.719

3.681

7.858

8.598

11.050

60.837

13.454

5.766

13.454

5.766

1.922

11.532

5.766

1.922

13.454

3.844

13.454

5.766

11.532

7.688

11.532

7.688

11.532

7.688

t^OO<MOOt^OiOOOCOC5t>0©^COI>00

CO^^HOO^GO^COCOLO^rH^^OOCOCO

i>cocococo^GiT-Hcoioai^o‘00'MThi>

Tt(NI>CC(M^^(NiO(M^Oi^iOTtHCOCOGO

rH rH    rH    i—I    i—I rH rH

©OOOOt>I>l>COCOCO‘0»OTt<’'tfCOCOC<l<Ni-l

C5050iG5C5Ci05G5G5C5G50iC5050iC50iGi

1, ’99-May    1

1, ’99-December 1

December

May

December 1, ’98-May    1

May    1, ’98-December 1

December 1, ’97-November 1 November 1, ’97-May    ¹

May    1, ’97-December 1

December 1, ’96—November 1 November 1, ’96-April    1

April 1, ’96-December 1 December 1, ’95-May    1

1, ’95-December 1 1, ’94-June    1

1, ’94-December 1 une

May

December

June

December 1, ’93—J June    1, ’93-December 1

December 1, ’92-June    1

1, ’92-December l

June

153.760

155.967

Totals.

ber 1, 1891, to June 1, 1892, were 8.843". It is also found that

* Denotes maximum storage capacity required.

f Denotes assumed storage on May 1, 1899, and reservoir empty on December 1, 1899 j Denotes excess of inflow. The account would balance if the surplus inflow from Decern’ the inflows during 1891 and 1890 are sufficient to balance the outflows

It must be remembered that the foregoing table relates only to the period of 25 years from 1875 to 1899, on the assumption that the rainfall is as predicated. In the period from 1850 to 1874, the precipitation seems to have been more abundant, but from 1826 to 1849 it was apparently much less, as the yearly average was only 35.36", with a maximum of 43.37" and a minimum of 28.07", according to the first table of page 778 of the Barge canal report. As long-continued records at other places do not indicate that the mean annual rainfall during periods of such magnitude varies materially, it may be presumed that the data relating to this latter period are erroneous, and serve only to facilitate the search for the year of least precipitation. If, however, further investigation should establish the probability that during this period there were a series of years with less rainfall than from 1891 to 1899, it would follow that the above-computed storage capacity of 13.00" on the watershed would not suffice to accomplish the purpose mentioned.

The foregoing computations show how greatly the storage capacity of a reservoir varies with the required duty, the range in the case of the Delta reservoir being from s = 3.23" for equalizing the daily flow uniformly throughout the driest year, to s = 13.00" for supplying the average yield of the watershed in the described manner throughout a long term of years. Between these limits, the choice of capacity will manifestly be governed by the topography and the cost of the successive' increments; and as it is always desirable to provide storage in abundance, no criticism can be made of the plan to increase the capacity of the proposed reservoir from 1,643,386,000 to 2,762,704,000 cubic feet, especially in view of the strong probability that the rainfall on the watershed has been somewhat underestimated in the Barge canal report.

In relation to the rainfall on the different sections of the Mohawk river basin, as presented on pages 778-791 of the report mentioned, it is proper to call attention to the antecedent statements made on; pages 765-769. The difficulty of making from insufficient data a reliable estimate of the average precipitation in each month over a large area was there pointed out, and as observations of run-off had then been continued for little more than one year, adequate comparisons could not be made. The method of estimation adopted was not considered wholly satisfactory, but as it was impracticable to devote more time to the subject, it was thought that the results would be sufficiently accurate for the purpose of computing in a rational manner the minimum capacity of the necessary storage reservoirs. With the run-off data now available, a much better study of the subject becomes possible.

Second Method of Computing Storage Capacity.

The British method of computing reservoir capacity, which is presented in Mr. Landreth’s report, differs but little from that which was devised by me and published in the Barge canal report of 1901. It involves a knowledge of the actual run-off for a long term of years, and if this is not available, recourse must be had to the rainfall data and the use of some relation between rainfall and run-off in each month. The mode of obtaining such a relation, however, is not indicated, but is presumably founded on a comparison of the estimated monthly rainfalls on a similar watershed with the corresponding observed run-offs. If this be the fact, then the process is essentially the same as the one developed by me, and the only question is about the reliability of the respective data. As the statistics used in preparing the monthly run-off curves, given in the aforesaid report, are the best that were available at the time, and relate to American watersheds having practically the same climatic, topographical and geological characteristics as the upper Mohawk basin, it is reasonable to give preference to the results deduced therefrom.

In the British method, as outlined by Mr. Landreth, a slight error is introduced by not discriminating sharply between the run-off from the land surface and that from the water-surface of the reservoir. The former is the observed discharge before the reservoir is constructed, and while the entire watershed consisted of land surface alone, it being assumed that no large ponds or lakes are found thereon. The latter is the difference between the rainfall and the evaporation from the surface of the reservoir, and may be more or less than the run-off from an equal area of land surface, depending on the month and the depth of the rainfall. Thus in a warm February or March, with a comparatively low precipitation, the accumulation of snow on the land surface may melt and produce a run-off much greater than the depth of rainfall on the water-surface; whereas, if the weather is cold and thawing is prevented, the evaporation becomes small and nearly the whole depth of a high precipitation is added immediately to the reservoir surface, thereby making the run-off from the latter much larger than that from an equal area of land surface.

This difference in character between land and water-surface is clearly recognized in the method of computation set forth in the Barge canal report; and as the correctness of the method has not been disproved, the results obtained therefrom are entitled to full credence. To exhibit the difference between the results obtained by the two methods in the case of the year of least rainfall, it may be mentioned that, with the data used in Mr. Landreth’s report (page 100), the surplus inflow to the reservoir from December 1 to June 1 is 4.25" according to my method, and 4.21" as computed by Mr. Land-reth by the British method; and similarly the deficiency of inflow, or the required depth of storage, from June 1 to December 1 is 3.70" according to my method and 4.05" according to the British method.

Furthermore, in Mr. Landreth’s report (page 102), the results of another computation by the British method are given for a long series of years between 1829 and 1904, on the assumption that the Delta reservoir has an area of 4.33 square miles, and a capacity of 2,762,703,760 cubic feet (which is equivalent to a depth of 8.48 inches on the total watershed of 140.16 square miles), and also that the combined daily supply to canal and river is 16,246,200 cubic feet from April 1 to December 1, while the daily supply to the river alone for the period from December 1 to April 1 is 3,221,200 cubic feet. The total annual supply to canal and river is thus equivalent to a depth of 13.37" on the watershed. The monthly rainfall is assumed to be as given on pages 778 and 779 of the Barge canal report, and the corresponding run-offs are taken from the monthly run-off curves except for the years 1899-1904 during which the run-off was observed directly. According to said data, the lowest annual rainfall in the entire period was in 1837, 1838 and 1839, and Mr. Landreth’s computations indicate that, in 1837 and 1839, the reservoir would have had a surplus inflow of, respectively, 0.43" and 0.52", while in 1838 there would have been a deficit of 0.12" depth on the watershed. With the same data and beginning with December 1, 1836, my method of computation shows a deficit of

0.83" in 1837, 1.95" in 1838 and 1.00" in 1839, or a total deficit of 3.78" in the three years named.

It should be remarked, however, that in arriving at these results I have reduced somewhat the run-offs given by the curves for February, March and April of the years 1838 and 1839, so as to make the aggregate run-off from November 1 to May 1 about 90 per cent of the aggregate rainfall. Without this correction the deficits in 1838 and 1839 would have been, respectively, 1.38" and 0.78", or the total deficit 2.99" instead of 3.78". The computation also shows that, with the corrections mentioned, the reservoir should have contained, on December 1, 1836, a storage volume equivalent to a depth of 3.78" on the entire watershed, and a depth of 9.02" on May 1, 1837, in order to furnish the required supply and finally become empty on December 1, 1839. In this case, therefore, the storage capacity of 8.48" would be insufficient; but as the period is the most unfavorable one recorded, and as the rainfall has probably-been underestimated, it can be presumed that an enlargement of the storage capacity is unnecessary.

The same remarks are likewise applicable to Mr. Landreth’s computations by the British method of the several reservoirs proposed on West Canada creek and Black creek above Hinckley, as set forth in his report (pages 103-110); and since the differences are unimportant further reference thereto may be omitted.

Supply of Water for Summit Level With Enlarged Prism.

In Mr. Landreth’s report (page 111) an estimate is given of the water-supply required for the Rome summit level, if the bottom width of the proposed canal prism is increased from 75 feet to 145 feet, so as to conform better to locks 45 feet wide. This estimate is made by simply doubling the quantity of water previously computed for loss by evaporation, aquatic plants, seepage and percolation in a canal having a bottom width of 75 feet, and adding the other losses of water due to lockage, power, etc., specified in said report (page 90). As the bottom width is obviously the principal factor in the loss by seepage and percolation, it is customary to consider that such loss will vary directly with the bottom width; and as the latter is very nearly doubled in changing from 75 feet to 145 feet, it is reasonable to assume that the said loss will increase in the same ratio.

Similarly, the loss by evaporation and plants can be taken proportional to the surface width of the water, but as the proposed change of section alters the top width from 123 feet to 193 feet, the increase is only 57 per cent. This loss is, how-ever, so small a fraction of the total supply required that it becomes absurd to modify Mr. Landreth’s estimate.

Conclusion.

In closing this review, it may be stated that the undersigned concurs fully with the estimates and conclusions pertaining to the water-supply of the summit level that have been reached by Mr. Landreth.

An important feature of the discussion is the relation of the estimated rainfall to the observed run-off from the watersheds of the upper Mohawk river and its tributaries. From the data presented in Mr. Landreth’s report, it might be inferred that a serious discrepancy exists between the observed discharge of the river at Little Falls, and the computed discharge from the rainfall by the method outlined in the Barge canal report of 1901; but when it is remembered that the distribution of the rainfall over 1,306 square miles of very hilly territory must be estimated from observations at only three or four stations within the watershed, along with a few others at considerable distances beyond the same, the difficulty of reaching a correct result will at once be recognized by those familiar with the subject. The discrepancy mentioned should, therefore, be attributed rather to an incorrect estimate of the rainfall, than to error in the said method, which is based on fairly accurate measurements of the precipitation.

The matter is, however, of much consequence and deserves further careful investigation. To this end the precipitation should be measured correctly for some years at numerous points within the watershed, particular attention being given to the snowfall, and during these years the discharge of the river should likewise be correctly observed. The results thus gained will assist greatly not only in establishing useful ratios between the annual or seasonal precipitations on the whole drainage area and at the stations where observations were made in early years, whereby better estimates can be made of the run-off in years of extreme drought, but also in the management of the contemplated large storage reservoirs, so as to secure the utmost benefit to both the canal and the water-powers on the river.

Respectfully submitted,

(Signed) E. KUICHLING,

Consulting Engineer.

APPENDIX IV.

Report on the Proposed Canalization of the Mohawk River.

March 26, 1906.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Sir.—I have the honor to submit the following report on the proposed canalization of the Mohawk river between Schenectady and Little Falls, about 58 miles in length. The valley is traversed by the New York Central and West Shore railways, and many towns and villages lie at the foot of the hills, so that any considerable change in the natural conditions of the stream would be liable to interfere with valuable property, and to lead to many claims for damages if flood levels were raised. A careful study and comparative estimates led to the recommendation by the Advisory Board of the use of some type of movable dam, which would give the required depth for navigation in low water, and during floods would allow the stream to return to natural conditions. Fixed dams cause more or less raising of flood levels, and this would lead to some of the complications with property above referred to, which movable dams would largely or entirely avoid.

Character of the River. The Mohawk and tributaries have a basin of about 3,500 square miles, and the extreme high-water discharges are stated to vary from 80,000 to 125,000 cubic feet per second at the mouth. The low-water fall between Schenectady and Little Falls is about 111 feet, or 1.9 feet per mile, most of which, however, occurs below Schoharie creek. It is stated by geologists that the stream is one of the oldest on the continent, and far antedates the glacial period. It was at one time an outlet for the vast inland sea which is believed to have covered much of the northern portion of the United States, before the St. Lawrence came into existence, and the valley has every evidence that an enormous discharge at one time flowed through it. At the end of the glacial period there appears still to have been a much larger flow than any since, and the result has been that the bed of the river is of considerably greater proportionate area than found with the later western or southern rivers. As a consequence of this large area, the floods rise very little above the banks, there is very little erosion, and the bed of the river consists

largely of gravel which apparently has remained almost unchanged for an unknown period, except where scoured by some local occurrence, such as an ice gorge, etc. It is largely owing to this gravel lining that the river has been able to preserve its steep slope and yet avoid erosion of its prism. As compared with western rivers, a flood range of 20 feet on the Mohawk is very rare, while one of 15 feet is considered large; on many tributaries of the Ohio and Mississippi, as well as on those rivers themselves, where the cross-section of the beds is much smaller in proportion to the basins, such ranges are common, while extreme floods reach from 50 to 60 feet above low water, and in 1884 a rise of nearly 71 feet was recorded at Cincinnati.

Location of Dams. The various locations were an adjustment between such matters as avoiding the flooding of land (the limit of saturation being taken as feet above pool levels) the adoption of lifts which would not unduly exceed precedents while allowing the use of a minimum number of dams, the obtaining of as much deep water as possible so as to reduce the dredging required at the upper ends of the pools, etc. The system chosen did not vary greatly in lifts or locations from that made for the original estimates of 1900, and comprised five dams between Schenectady and Schoharie creek, and three from there to Mindenville. The ninth dam is the existing feeder dam at Rocky Rift, on which a low movable crest is to be placed. The locations, etc., are as follows:

5.

10

11

Dam No.

LOCATION.

Lift.

Depth on sill.

Length

between

abutments.

I Scotia........

j Rotterdam....

Cranes Village ! Amsterdam. . .

' Tribes Hill....

: Yosts.........

Canajoharie... Fort Plain. . . .

Feet.

Feet.

Feet.

14.0

15.0

15.0

12.0

11.0

8.0

8.0

8.0

19.0 20.0 20.0 I 20.0 16.0 18.0 16.0 18.0

530.0

530.0

500.0

590.0

492.0

370.0

430.0

430.0

Type of Dam. Seeing that the river was of milder character than those on which movable dams have been built in this country, it was believed permissible to go beyond ordinary practice, and to use pieces of large size which would sustain an unusual head of water. As certainty of operation was a first necessity, the bridge and gate type of dam was chosen, in which all pieces are suspended and worked from a bridge. Of the various other standard types in use, the Chanoine wicket has not yet been employed for normal lifts much above eight feet, nor for heights much above 14 feet, and its character was not suited to the high lifts and great depths on the sills which alone could secure an economical canalization of the Mohawk. The drum wicket and the bear-trap are simple in principle, but they require a head of water for operation, and several practical objections exist against their use. The needle-dam, while more suitable than any of the foregoing, becomes difficult of operation even with 12 feet on the sill, and if adopted would mean long shallow openings instead of narrow and deep ones. As the cost of the foundation per linear foot would not vary greatly, the shallower dam would be a good deal more expensive, the cost of superstructure being a minor portion of the whole. The best type, therefore, appeared to be the Boule gate (which is practically a sluice-gate), the original of which was a plank supported at each end, and pulled up or pushed down to regulate the flow. These gates, where used for movable dams, have been increased in size from about 3^ feet long and a foot high supporting a head of 3^ feet, to lengths of 8 feet and to heights of 17 feet, supporting normal heads of 14 feet.

For the Mohawk dams a depth of 17 feet on the sill was first assumed, which was a foot less than on the sills of the passes of needle-dams Nos. 1 and 2, Big Sandy river, but half a foot more than on any other movable dam. This was finally increased to 20 feet as a maximum, and in the completed studies the area along the axis of each dam, from sill to top of lock walls, was made about equal to the natural area of the river up to the same elevation. Thus, when a flood rises above or to the level of the lock walls, it has then the same total area of discharge as originally existed, while below that level the area is greater, since the abutments have vertical sides, while formerly the limits were the sloping banks. The sill is placed at the same level all the way across, which allows uniformity in substructures and superstructures; the gates are made of a uniform length of 30 feet in all the dams, and act as cantilevers with an overhang of 7£ feet at each end; the uprights supporting them are spaced uniformly 15 feet apart; and the bridge spans and depths on the sills were also kept uniform as far as possible, there being four different lengths of span in the total of 20 bridges and four different depths on the sills in the total of eight dams. The general principles of the designing, briefly summarized, were to reproduce the natural area of discharge at each site, so as to avoid changing flood heights; to use high dams so as to reduce their number and length and therefore their cost; to use few pieces so as to concentrate the strength and reduce the number of pieces to be handled; to place a minimum amount of steelwork permanently under water because of rusting; to make all parts of plain workmanship, etc., and similar as far as practicable; and to incorporate only such features as had been successfully adopted elsewhere, or about whose success there appeared to be no reasonable doubt.

Cost. A preliminary comparative estimate was made of the cost of a bridge-dam and of a trestle-dam, the former with gates about 30 feet long, and uprights 15 feet apart, and the latter with gates about 8 feet long and trestles 8 feet apart, this being the limit to which it seemed safe to go, and which is double that of existing practice. The depth on the sill was taken in each case as 17 feet. The estimate showed that the principal cost in each case was the foundation; that the trestle-dam, being divided into several bays as was also the bridge-dam, yet required a greater length, since wider piers were needed to afford recesses for bedding the end trestle of each bay; and that the difference in the amount of ironwork was much less than was expected, since there were nearly twice as many trestles as uprights. The total difference was about 15% in favor of the trestle-dam, and when it was decided later to use 20 feet on the sill, thus giving the same area in a shorter length, the difference practically disappeared. It was not believed safe in any case, in view of present experience, to rely on operating a dam with trestles supporting 20 feet on the sill. The final estimate gave a cost of about $575 per linear foot in place including foundations, piers, abutments, bridges and all other ironwork, and riprap protections, and office expenses. Owing to the shorter length of the movable dams, their total estimated cost only exceeded slightly that of a system of fixed dams.

Existing Bridge-Dams. Several of this type are in existence, there being four on the Lower Seine, in successful operation since 1885. The largest of these is at Poses, where the lift is 14 feet and the depth on the sill, 16£ feet. Cam ere curtains are used as the closure. The latest one is at Mirowicz on the Moldau, completed in 1904. It also has 16^ feet on the sill, with a lift of about 12 feet, but in low water it has sustained a head of 17 feet. It is built on gravel, and is closed by Boule gates, or rather by Stoney gates, as they are provided with rollers. These gates are about 7^ feet wide and 17 feet high, in one piece. This dam has given every satisfaction, as have those of the Seine, as they prove easy to manoeuvre and are certain in their operation, and there appears every reason to believe that the adoption of this type for the Mohawk, although with lifts and depths somewhat in advance of existing practice, will secure a satisfactory canalization.

Very respectfully, your obedient servant,

D. A. WATT,

M. Am. Soc. C. E.

(Signed)

APPENDIX V.

European Practice on Waterways.

March 20, 1906.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Sir,—I have the honor to submit the following report in regard to waterways in Europe, collected during a recent visit on behalf of the State Engineer’s Department to the rivers and canals in France, Italy, Austria, Germany, Holland and England.

The localities visited comprised points on the Lower and Upper Seine-, the Yonne, the Marne, the Oise, the Saone, the Rhone at Lyons, the Po, the Danube and Danube canal at Vienna, the Moldau, the Elbe, the Spree, the Main, the Ems, the Rhine and the Thames. The Dortmund-Ems, the Teltow, the Spree, the North Sea, the St. Denis and one or two minor canals were also visited, and inspection made at various points of quays and docks, winter harbors, and river ports. The types of dams examined comprised bridges and curtains, bridges and gates, trestles and curtains, trestles and gates, needles, Chanoine wickets, Stoney gates (plain and revolving), drum-weirs, and cylindrical or rolling weirs. Some of these were of recent construction, wdiile others dated back from twenty to forty years.

Recent and Projected Construction. In each of these countries I found the question being agitated of a further extension or improvement of their waterway systems. The- French will construct the new Canal du Nord, some sixty or seventy miles long, in the northern portion of the country, with the object of opening another coal field, and are considering other enlargements of their systems. Their most recent work has been the reconstruction of the locks and dams on the Oise, to afford better facilities for traffic. Italy and Austria are both agitating the expenditure of enormous sums for new canal and river improvements, and in the latter country the Elbe-Moldau canalization is proceeding steadily, and will, in a few years, connect Bohemia with the waterways of Germany. Several small canals,

.3?

jja

<JA

a»

mP

?3bI

:g£2

«ii

■*2i

III

WK

f; 1

J!

I?

.*i

fjpf.

'*1

it ,1

MMKfl

mw

mm

s,

4 • , v'

[jifX

vjjXx-

ik:-    I !

■A

;]

M;

Lv/

#*>. _ >f

Ji

££■

£-

fi

I’’

i'

Movable Dam on Moldau River, Bohemia — Span of bridge, portion of dam in position and portion raised.

nv

such as the Teltow, are under way in Germany, and a new east and west trunk line, which will ultimately connect Berlin with the Rhine, has been approved. They are also continuing the improvement of certain rivers by dikes. Holland is enlarging the North Sea canal and deepening it from 26 feet to 32^ feet, and has some inland canal improvements under way, while in England some of the Thames locks near London have been rebuilt for larger traffic, and the question is being discussed of enlarging certain old canals and constructing new ones.

Depth of Waterways. The prevailing depths for traffic run from four feet to about eight feet, the former being found on certain diked rivers during low water, and the latter on some of the recent canals, such as the Dortmund-Ems, where the boats draw up to feet. The new Canal du Nord will have 7\ feet on miter-sills, and boats drawing 5^ feet, as they have to pass through shallower canals. On account of the great extent of the older canals with which all new ones connect, there seems no advantage to be gained by making the latter of great depth, unless for some special local traffic. It is probable, therefore, that six to eight feet will be the maximum-depth for new improvements for many years to come.

Types of Dams. I did not hear of any fixed dams having been constructed recently; for navigation, movable dams appear to have superseded them. Of the various types introduced in Europe since 1834—needles, Chanoine and other wickets, drums, Boule gates, and Cam6r6 curtains—two appear now to be recognized as the best, and practically all recent or projected dams have been or will be constructed of one or the other. These two are the needle and the gate-dam, as they have been found to combine in the greatest degree cheapness in first cost and simplicity in operation. The chief advantage of the Chanoine wicket, speed and freedom in lowering, which has led to its adoption on the larger American rivers, does not appear to be required on European rivers as rises on the latter are comparatively slow, and drift is not so dangerous, and accordingly no dam of this type has been built during the last twenty-five years. Engineers who had had experience with bridge and gate-dams and with other types informed me that, for certainty and ease of operation, the bridge type was superior to all, its only objection being its greater cost. At Martot, on the Lower Seine, the existing needle-dam is to be replaced by a bridge and gate-dam, because of the superior advantages of the latter, and at Mirowicz on the Moldau, where is to be found a new dam of this class, the advantages have been equally appreciated. There are here three openings, a trestle and needle-weir at each side and a pass closed by gates and operated from the bridge in the center. The weirs were to be used in regulating, and the pass was to be opened only in floods. However, it was found so much more convenient to regulate by the pass that the process has been reversed; all regulation is done through it, and the needles are not touched except in floods.

The dams yet to be built on this improvement will be of the needle type throughout, except on the upper Elbe where, on account of water-power, it is desired to keep up the dams all winter. The design for these has not yet been determined.

The only new type of dam which has gained a foothold is the cylindrical or rolling dam, described in the Proceedings of the International Engineering Congress at St. Louis, 1904. I visited one at Berlin as well as those on the Main at Schweinfurt, now three years old. It is a simple type and has given excellent satisfaction, and can be kept in use all winter. Several others have since been built and still others are in the course of construction.

Modification in Dams. But little modification was found in the design of needle and gate-dams as compared with those built twenty years ago. The trestles are still spaced about four feet apart, and except where bridges are used, the parts are still kept small enough to be manoeuvered by hand or by a light winch. The needles are now all of the “hook” class in the new dams, and the escape-method of manoeuvering has been abandoned, as its rapidity of operation was found unnecessary and it caused much bruising of the needles. In the hook type the head of each needle is provided with an iron hook which passes over the escape-bar. In releasing, the needle is pulled up a few inches until its foot clears the sill, and it then swings free in the water, the hook preventing its being carried away, but permitting it to be removed at leisure. Plain round support-bars have, therefore, been substituted for the old rectangular swinging bars.

In Boule gate dams the only change of importance has been to provide ball-rollers on the gates, which allow a much easier operation. Experience has shown, however, that these rollers must be washed out every month or so, or sand and mud will clog them, and they must be kept free from oil or grease which would catch grit and choke their movement.

On the Mirowicz dam the gates have been provided with Stoney rollers, and made about 7^- feet wide by about 17 feet high. They are operated by electric winches. On the new Oise dams, gates are used on the passes about 13 feet wide and 1£ feet high, the normal head being about 5 feet.

On the lower Ems are several needle-dams recently completed, and worthy of note from the fact that each one has only a single opening, no center pier being used, the sill being placed all across at the same level.

Design of Locks. No special difference was noticed between European and American designs for locks, except as regards the side-walls. These were found plumb in some cases and battered in others; sometimes with vertical wooden or iron fenders from 20 to 40 feet apart to prevent boats from scarring the masonry, and sometimes with none; in some cases, as in the new locks of the lower Ems, (placed in derivations), the sides were of ordinary riprap laid on the graded earth, the ends of the locks alone being of masonry with a line of piles between to keep boats off the grade. Elsewhere, as on the Main, a similar design was seen, but with no guide-piles and with the graded earth protected by masonry laid in cement. These sloped side-walls, however, were not as common as vertical ones. The principal difference noted was in locks of wide chambers, say 45 feet or over, and with these the entrances were made narrow, from 30 to 40 feet across, and the full width given in the chamber only. This is done with the object of using shorter gates, thus supposedly reducing liability to damage and reducing the cost. These advantages are gained, however, at an expense of time in locking, since the boats have to be moved sideways in the chamber, and some of the lock-tenders do not favor the method. The largest chamber of this type was at the Horin lock on the Moldau, its width being 72 feet, and its available length 465 feet. The entrance width appeared to be 35 or 40 feet.

Materials of Construction. Concrete appears to be rarely used except for foundations, and a new lock on the Thames and one in the Netherlands wrere the only cases I met, where all the walls were of this material. Elsewhere, the walls were of one-man rubble masonry, of brick with cut-stone coping and trimmings, or of cut stone of small dimensions. No locks were seen where the stones were as large as those used in this country, as they seem to use machinery to a very limited extent, and employ, therefore, dimensions which can be handled by one or two men. This preference for hand labor on large works, such as locks and dams, bridges, excavations, etc., was a noticeable feature in all the countries visited. The brick walls, some of which were twenty years old, were in excellent condition, the-faces in many instances being built on a batter or provided with vertical fenders.

Lock-Gates, Valves, Spars, Etc. The majority of the lock-gates were of metal, or of metal frames with wooden sheathing. Few wooden gates were seen except in the older locks. They were all of the mitering type except on some canals where single leaves were used, and'at the Horin high-lift lock, wdiere they closed against a bridge, in a straight line. Lift-gates, closing the chamber like a vertical sluice-gate, were only met with at the twin locks of the Teltow canal near Berlin, the largest gate being about thirty feet long and twenty-six feet high. The engineers seemed well pleased with them, but they had not at that time been in use.

The gate spars in the majority of cases were of cast iron, forming a segment of a circle, of I-beam section lying on its side, with the rack gs part of the casting. On the large Seine locks this I-beam was about 10" wide, with web and flanges one inch thick, and flanges three inches wide. Straight spars were also found, and segmental spars stiffened with arms. LTsually they were attached at about one-third of the length measured from the hollow quoin, and not from the toe, as is usual in America. The arrangement worked very satisfactorily, and allowed the use of a much shorter spar than with us. Their practice, in this respect, could in many cases be copied with advantage. In all cases the spars were placed below the coping in a recess, covered by iron plates, and were worked by cranks on a horizontal shaft, fixed on a stand and turning bevel-gears which connected to the spar. Only one case was seen, at Creil on the Oise, where the spar was worked by a direct-connected pinion, turned by a man walking round.

The type of culvert valve most used in France was the drum valve, lifting inside a water-tight cover. On the Moldau, gate valves were used at several locks, moving vertically on fixed rollers and counterweighted. These had given excellent satisfaction. They had also used for the lock of 9-meters’ lift a valve like a Taintor gate, on a horizontal axis, and were well pleased with it. Valves turning on a vertical axis were also found. Nearly all locks had valves in the gates, in addition to culvert valves, but they were rarely used, and seemed to be considered chiefly as a precaution in case of accident to the latter.

The most interesting design in this class was that of the siphon culverts, seen at the Teltow locks. The filling and emptying culverts are siphon-shaped, and the water is made to flow or to stop by exhausting or admitting the air in the bend. There is no machinery of any kind except air-valves, as the vacuum is derived automatically from the head of water and produced in a vacuum chamber.

li

WJ

",

...

la

ft

■i

rj

mm

~ *sJ

f >#te

J~rJJ,

I!

V*

ft

itf

hfw

•.mm

: j bfa'Mhdp SMm

» t.

r.

vl=

:V#

■■ fffil

i«a4

»S4

II

is

re

SIM

mm*

Movable Dam on Moldau River, Bohemia — Dam in position; view above dam.

The opening of a hand valve is followed in twenty or thirty seconds by the flowing of the water, and this can be stopped in the same time. There is also no loss of water from leakage. The system has been in use for some years in the Elbe-Trave canal, and is being put into a new lock near Berlin. I asked several engineers about the system and they all spoke of it favorably, the only objection heard being that the flow could not be stopped in case of accident to boats as quickly as with culvert valves. The difference, however, would be only a few seconds and in point of fact it takes almost as long in one case as in the other.

Lock Floors. On the latest large lock on the Moldau, of 72 feet width of chamber with a gravel foundation, the floor was composed of loose riprap, placed on the gravel, except where stronger protection was needed as at the culvert mouths. Owing to the wide span, a solid floor sufficient to resist upthrust would have been too expensive, and I was informed that the method adopted, a permeable floor, had so far given no trouble in other locks. They had had one solid floor break up under a head of about 14 feet, the lock being 37 feet wide and the floor 2^ thick, composed of concrete laid directly on the gravel, and without piles. This failure was attributed to the water getting into a ditch dug during construction under.the floor site, and which it was supposed had not been properly filled up. In making repairs, holes were drilled through the floor about 15 feet apart, to relieve any pressure. The Chief of Construction expressed the opinion that the only way to secure freedom from trouble in a solid lock floor, was to make it strong enough to resist the upward pressure. His experience had not been favorable to relying on a system of underdrains as he considered them too uncertain in their action. The big sea-lock at Ymuiden, 82 feet wide and built on sand, also relies on holes in the floor, filled with gravel, to resist upthrust.

Guide Cribs or Walls. Guide cribs were noticeable by their absence, and even fender cribs to protect the ends of the lock walls were rarely seen. The absence of the latter, I think, was due largely to the rounded corners on the boats; when they glanced against the corner of a wall, there was little tendency to break it, as is the case with the square-cornered barges of American rivers. The absence of guide cribs appeared to be due to the fact that the locks are usually placed in derivations where there is of course no current, and that the rivers are much less subject to the rapid currents and sudden floods prevailing on most of the rivers here. For this reason in the few cases where the locks are built in the river, the currents rarely embarrass boats.

Operation of Locks. Few locks were operated by power, and only one case was seen, at the Muhlen dam in Berlin, where hydraulic power was used for all purposes. At this place the power was obtained from an accumulating tank, filled by pumps operated by an automatic turbine. The lock-gates and culvert valves were moved by direct-acting pistons, and the whole seemed to work very nicely. At Poses electricity was used, derived from a turbine and dynamo, and at Munster and Horin a similar arrangement was found. At Mirowicz a naphtha engine was used to produce electricity instead of a turbine, and at Henrichenburg on the Dortmund-Ems canal-lift, and Ymuiden on the Amsterdam ship canal, steam was employed. The motors for the gates and culverts were usually placed on the walls, and operated by a man on the spot, and not from a central house. The latter was sometimes provided, but did not seem to be used.

The arrangement most favored for the power was to use storage-batteries sufficient for a run of 24 to 72 hours according to needs. The dynamo under this method was then run only a few hours each day, and in case of accident to it there was always a reserve of power. Although the batteries are costly, engineers who had had experience with their use told me that they had found it preferable to have them. They were installed at Munster after a few years’ trial with the dynamo alone, and were in use also at Essen, Ymuiden and elsewhere.

High Lift-Locks and Mechanical Lifts. The only mechanical lift visited was the 46-foot one at Henrichenburg on the Dortmund-Ems canal. This lift has been in operation for six years, during which time it has only been stopped three days from accidents. It works well, but it is a complicated piece of machinery, and the breakage of one part might lead to the breakage of many others. It takes, with the power-house, a crew of seventeen men, working in daytime only, and its cost with grounds, etc., was $600,000. The estimate for locks instead of the lift had been $500,000. The engineers informed me that, while the lift was well designed and had proved quite satisfactory, they alwrays had fear of accidents, and for that reason in the expected enlargement of traffic facilities at Henrichenburg they were going to build two locks of 21 feet lift each, and would not build another mechanical lift. The adoption of the present one was partly due to the attraction of building a unique work and partly to its economy of water. They considered it best to use two locks for the new work instead of one, as the foundation was not on rock, and they appeared dubious as to the working of a lock with a 42-foot lift.

The locks with the highest lifts were those at the head of the St. Denis canal in Paris (32.2 feet with a maximum of 36 feet), built on rock in 1890 and 1891, and the one at Horin on the Moldau (30 feet) built on gravel in 1902 and 1903. Both of these have been operated without any difficulty having been experienced from their great lifts.

Stoppage of Leakage in Movable Dams. The old methods of stopping leakage in movable dams by means of canvas, weeds, etc., have been replaced by using ashes or fine gravel dropped from a boat along the up-stream face. The currents leaking through draw the particles into the crevices, and make them water-tight. One tender of a needle-dam told me that by this method the down-stream face of the needles would become perfectly dry. Weeds, etc., are only used to stop unusual leaks. The chief cause of tightness in all types of dam appeared to be due to the waterweeds which grew on them when left in place any length of time, as well as to blades of grass, leaves and similar floating debris being drawn into the cracks.

Rusting of Ironwork. There was very little rusting noticed in parts exposed to water. The ironwork of the dams on the Lower Seine, now twenty years old, was hardly affected, and on the Sabne I visited a dam forty years old where the trestles and other ironwork looked good for another forty years. This was no doubt due to their being made of iron, and not of steel, but in Germany where steel is used, the rusting was much less than found on dams in the Ohio valley. The difference may perhaps be due to the supposed presence, in the latter case, of sulphur in the water, derived from the coal regions through which the streams flow.

At the sea-lock at Ymuiden the lock-gates are removed one at a time every six years and cleaned and tarred. To do this a complete duplicate set of gates is provided.

Saturation from Pools. On the Yonne and Upper Seine I saw several locks where the pools for half a mile or more came within two feet of the top of the bank. These rivers have a very flat slope. As the land sloped back from the bank, portions of the fields behind were on a level with or below the level of the pool. There was no trace of any trouble from saturation, however, and in some cases good crops were growing on such places. Probably any seepage sank down and ultimately escaped below the dam.

The engineers of the Dortmund-Ems canal told me that, in canalizing the Ems, they had found it*best to keep the pools not less than three feet below the level of the land, except in sandy soils where it could be kept about two feet below. If these distances were exceeded, there was a tendency to saturation.

In Holland I saw large tracts of land permanently below water-level. They were intersected with ditches from about 30 to 100 feet apart, connecting with a main drain, on some point of which would be seen a windmill pump to raise the drainage water to a higher drain or to a canal. The surface of the fields was barely more than a foot above the water in the ditches, and it was all used as pasture. Where the level was a little higher, as two feet, vegetable gardens were seen, and the ditches, where large enough, were used to convey materials and produce by means of boats.

Methods of Towing. The towing is chiefly done by propeller tugs, with occasional side-wheelers. The latter type is used largely on the Middle and Upper Rhine, and they are very powerful boats. On the older canals, horse towing is still in vogue. The largest tow I saw consisted of seven barges, and all towing is done with the boats in a long line behind. On the open rivers there is plenty of room for this method, since their width appears to be a good deal more than that of rivers of corresponding length in America, while on the canalized rivers floods are infrequent and less violent than in this country. The method accordingly works very well, except that it causes a good deal of delay at locks. By the American method, where the fleet is all lashed together, the steamboat pushes its tow directly in or out of the lock; by the French way, each boat has to be floated in slowly (as it is beyond the control of the tug) and tied up, and in leaving the lock, the tug has to proceed very cautiously until all the boats are under way, for fear of breaking the tow-lines. These manoeuvres with a large tow, take much time, One lockage of seven or eight pieces I timed at over an hour, of which probably twenty minutes were taken in working the gates and filling the chamber.

Chain towing is also used in places, the chain lying along the bottom of the river and being passed over sheaves on the boat. I was told in Germany that the method was not as economical as had been expected, as the boat did not fully benefit by the current when going down-stream, and that accordingly the system was not looked on with favor, except for assisting a boat to surmount specially swift places.

Experiments with Models for Dike-work. In Berlin the Prussian Government established, in 1902, an experiment station where proposed improvements by dikes can be investigated by means of models. To conduct such an investigation, a wooden trough is first made, and in this the unimproved river bed is carefully molded in materials which will closely represent natural conditions. The

...

jr

i. ' -I

21

VJTi

mi

,>Oy

■■

IfeSSsiS

CS^vl.?

r'-'SSse: *ss    !

•f

SSL:

aw

.toSapam

~'L.

nKtisaP

r" - ₂ -mJk^U l

,.    ,r.,.^c-

*St

*«£R

'^dn^dt*f

.^Ss***

;r"

ife

*a

*is^.|ftSsss

sSfe S«SSS!i>-

Ss«li

:    f.* Bgr,:

Movable Dam on Moldau River, Bohemia — Dam in position; view below dam.

•/

it

r" ’44i

■ #i

■i I

t?

:i‘*;

r

'

water is supplied from a tank, the velocity of flow over the model being regulated by a formula of Professor Engels of Dresden, as is also the size of the sand or gravel used to represent the natural bed. At the time of my visit an experiment was in progress for increasing the depth in a bend in the Wartha by using spur dikes, the scale of the model being 1 to 100 for all vertical and horizontal measurements, and the scale of the material of the bed being 1 to 8. The results had showed that the low-water depth could be increased from the existing 3 or 3^ feet to about 4-| or 5 feet. Such an experiment is usually conducted for several weeks or months, the water being regulated to correspond to the natural variations of low and high-water flow, and the little dikes being moved or adjusted to see which arrangements will produce the best results.

A similar experiment station was established several years previously by Professor Engels, and as far as the lapse of time has been able to show, the results obtained in actual construction have followed closely the indications of the models.

Revolving Stoney Gates. At Richmond I saw a novel arrangement of Stoney gates at the dam built across the Thames about 1893. The dam is of the bridge type with three openings, each of which is closed by a single gate about 66 feet long and 11 feet high, sustaining a maximum head of 8 feet. When a gate is raised, and after it has cleared the water, a projecting crank-like arm attached at each end near the center of gravity, and traveling in a gradually-curved slot in the side-walls, begins to turn it from its vertical position, so that when the gate is fully raised it lies horizontal. This arrangement not only saves headroom, but avoids the unsightly appearance of a gate which always remains vertical when up. The gates are counterweighted and each one can be raised by two men in about fifteen minutes. They have been satisfactorily operated twice daily (as they are tidal gates) since 1893, and the type would appear to be very suitable for guard-gates.

Shape of Boats. Barges of the model of the Erie canal-boat, with blunt ends and little regard for the resistance of the water while moving, were rarely seen except in France. In that country, where canals have existed for centuries, most of the canal-boats have these blunt ends, probably for the same reasons which have perpetuated them on the American canals, and they are still being built. On all the rivers, however, where there was plenty of room, such as the Lower Seine, the Rhone, the Po, the Danube, the Elbe, the Rhine, etc., I found that the barges were all built with model or with spoon ends, so as to reduce the towing resistance to a minimum, except

10

It wras evident that the old blunt ends had been entirely discarded except for small craft, and on these they w^ere rarely found except in France. With small boats of this type the gain in cargo space may be worth considering, but with large boats its proportion to the whole becomes unimportant, and, judging by the practice evolved in Europe, model ends must be used if towing expenses are to be kept down. This is entirely in keeping with the experiments of DeMas and others, and as the cost of towing is so large a proportion of the cost of transport, the reduction of the moving resistance becomes a matter of high importance.

when they had to traverse the older and smaller canals, and then they sometimes had blunt ends. On the Dortmund-Ems canal, however, where the locks admit barges carrying about 850 tons net, specially-built model-end barges were in use, showing that the additional gain of cargo-room, which blunt ends permit, was considered of less importance than the increase of towing power which they require. On the Rhine and other German rivers I saw many steel barges of capacities from 250 to 2,000 tons, all with model ends, and some with lines as carefully molded as those of an express steamship.

Electric Traction. This type of traction does not appear to have made much progress in Europe as yet, there being less than 100 miles of canal so equipped, although more extensive construction is contemplated in the near future. This failure to have made headway appears to be largely due to the fact that, where the motive power is derived from coal, there is much doubt as to whether electricity is any cheaper than using steam-tugs. As compared with electric locomotives the tugs are, of course, much more wasteful of powTer, but they avoid the heavy expenses for the construction and up-keep of tracks and wiring needed for locomotives. While electricity is naturally advocated by the electric companies, others well qualified to judge told me they had great doubts as to its economy where the power was derived by artificial means. In cases where the power can be obtained from a natural force of water, however, these objections disappear.

Three systems of electric traction have been applied, as follows:

1.    By locomotives running directly on the surface of an ordinary tow-path.

2.    By locomotives running on a track placed on the tow-path.

3.    By electric towboats.

The first system was applied on a canal in the north of France, but after fair trials it has been given up, as the locomotives cut up

the tow-path badly, necessitating constant repairs to it. A rail track is to be substituted.

The second system appears to be the favored one where the power is costly. The Siemens-Schukert Co. of Berlin has spent some $40,000 in experimenting during two years on the Teltow canal, and has evolved a locomotive which runs on a track along the tow-path, taking its power from overhead wires in the usual way. It was shown to me in operation. It is provided with drums for winding in or out the tow-line and with an arm for raising the line when passing boats tied to the bank. For passing the opposite traffic it was found advisable to use separate tracks, one on each bank, thus permitting east and west-bound boats to have entire independence. It was feared that, if both tracks were on the same bank and the tow line of one boat was dropped as is done on the Erie canal, the rate of speed might cause entanglement with the bottom of the canal, when a collision would result. Part of the canal runs through ponds or small lakes, and in these the traffic will be transferred to naphtha tugs, as electric tugs with overhead wires were objected to on account of the unaesthetic appearance of the poles. The canal will be equipped, therefore, with a track on each bank, and with twenty electric locomotives deriving power from a central station, the economical speed being determined at three miles (5 km.) per hour.

The third system, that of electric tugs, was also tested in a series of experiments on this canal, the boat used being of 70 horse-power. For the final experiments it was provided with three propellers, to reduce the stern wave-action, as the canal banks are not protected. In this respect it is very successful, as I could see when comparing it side by side with an ordinary steam-tug. It is also provided with storage batteries containing power enough for a five-hours’ run, in case of failure of the current, or for use when manoeuvering.

In the early experiments the boat was tried with fixed trolley arms, as used on street-cars, but this method necessitated its moving always directly under the wires, and allowed none of the freedom of action indispensable to a boat of this class. It was therefore abandoned, and the Lombard-G6rin system adopted of taking the power through a cable, one end of which is attached to the boat, and the other to a motor trolley which travels directly on overhead wires. This trolley is regulated by a switch on the boat, and can be controlled to move backwards or forwards and at the speed desired. The cable forms a flexible power transmitter, and allows the boat to move to either side for a distance of sixteen feet or more, and to turn or make other manoeuvers with great ease. I saw the system in

operation on a stage line near Paris, and it appeared to be the only practicable way of operating an electric tug, unless storage-batteries were used.

Locomotive versus Tug. The economic installation of electric traction appears to depend primarily on the cost of power. With locomotives there is the cost of the tracks, but there is a small waste of power, while with the tugs there is no cost of track, but much waste of power. In the Teltow experiments it was found that the efficiency of the locomotive was 65% as against 25% for the tug.

This agrees closely with M. Lombard-GernPs statement to me that a tug used about 2£ times the power of a locomotive. The cost of the 24 H. P. locomotive was about $3,500 and of the 70 H. P. tug about $8,000. Each could tow 1,000 tons at nearly three miles (5 km.) per hour, the tractive force on the line being then equal to 2,200 pounds (1,000 kg.). The equivalent, I was told, as determined « from these experiments was one H. P. per thirty-three tons at three miles (5 km.) per hour for the locomotive, or one H. P. per 14J tons for the tug.

Where no tow-paths are available and power is cheaply derived, the Siemens-Schukert Co. and Mr. Koechlin of the Compagnie Generate d’Electricitd of Paris both expressed the opinion that the trolley tug would appear well adapted to the case. For crossing open water, it would have to rely on storage-batteries, placed in the hull, or else to take in tow for the passage a special craft carrying a relay ■ of such batteries.

Economical Aspects. The present general prosperity, accompanied by the development of old and new industries,, and a corresponding growth of traffic, has led to the extension of existing waterways and proposals to build new ones, as described on the first page of this report. These waterways usually carry a heavy traffic, although on some of the older canals and some of the rivers, as on the Rhone, where much commerce might be looked for, there is actually very little. The traffic is, of course, dependent on the same conditions as those which affect railways; for much freight to be carried, a rich country must be traversed or connected with, the terminals must be at a seaport or an important city, and there must be intercourse with connecting lines. The country along the Rhone is chiefly agricultural, and the traffic therefore light, as the products are shipped by rail, and a waterway appears to be successful only where there are bulk goods to handle, as coal, lumber, etc. The Rhine on the other hand, affords an example of the opposite class; its tributary country is rich in coal and manufactures; it has many large

M

:M

.

i S

■

:

s

.i

%

'    '4

--rrrs-J

4bfep%»—i

V

¹

U,

fits;

i

S|p,

E

a

I

Movable Dam on Moldau River, Bohemia — Graphic view, showing heavy construction.

l ‘

,|S

p~l

m

V-

i.

cities upon it; it has a seaport connection at Rotterdam, and communication at various points with the greater portion of the canal and river systems of Europe.

The evolution of rail and waterways appears to have passed through the same processes in Europe as are in progress in this country. The rivers and canals were at one time the only means of cheap transportation; later the railways began to supplant them and then to divert their traffic purposely in order to destroy competition, and twenty-five or thirty years ago commerce had been so far driven from the waterways that they had almost lost their usefulness. The growing dangers from absence of competition in freight rates, however, began to be apparent, and between 1875 and 1885 a general reconstruction of the waterways took place; the old ones were deepened, new ones were built, and the attempt made to provide highways of transportation which would be deep and large enough to permit cheap rates. In a few cases, as with lines not well situated economically, the effects were not as beneficial as expected, but in general the results were a great success; commerce was stimulated, new industries sprang up, and, while the railway traffic declined for a time, it eventually received much benefit from transporting the manufactured products of which the raw material came by water. Thus the commerce on the Rhine, which probably offers the most remarkable example of development, was about 3,600,000 tons in 1880, while by 1900, when the improvements were about complete, it had risen to 13,100,000 tons, and is still increasing. It was estimated that the saving in freight rates in the latter year on the business handled at the river ports on the German Rhine was more than ten million dollars.

In planning new waterways at present, they are no longer built for miscellaneous transport as in the early days, since experience has shown that they can only be an economic success when there are bulk goods to be carried, and that the same principles must govern their location as are necessary for the success of a railway. The new lines are thus made to tap coal fields, or important industrial centers, or to form communicating links between existing systems.

Tolls are sometimes levied on European waterways, the proceeds being devoted towards maintenance. It is not always that they are sufficient for this purpose, however, as the broader policy is followed of benefiting the district generally, and of levying tolls which will not discourage navigation, and thus tend to counteract the advantages of cheap rates. By this policy new industries are established and old ones developed, and the widening field for taxation indirectly tends to more than supplement any deficiencies from the up-keep of the waterway. In some cases the gradual increase of traffic has eventually paid all the operating expenses. While ex- ' amples are to be found in Europe of waterways which are of little benefit, either from their too small size, or from a faulty location from the standpoint of economics, the general results appear to show that these highways of transportation, when judiciously projected and built, are of far-reaching benefit to all classes of the community.

In closing, I desire to acknowledge my great obligation to the many engineers and officials of canals and waterways in the different countries visited for their uniform courtesy and the willingness with which they furnished information and assisted me in many ways in my investigations.

Very respectfully,

Your obedient servant,

D. A. WATT.

M. Am. Soc. C. E.

(Signed)

APPENDIX VI.

Instructions for Preliminary Work.

Laws and Regulations for the Improvement of the Erie, Oswego and Champlain Canals Under Chapter 147, Laws of 1903, Known as the Barge Canal Improvement.

CHAPTER 147.

AN ACT making provision for issuing bonds to the amount of not to exceed one hundred and one million dollars for the improvement of the Erie canal, the Oswego canal and the Champlain canal, and providing for a submission of the same to the people to be voted upon at the general election to be held in the year nineteen hundred and three.

Became a law, April 7, 1903, with the approval of the Governor. Passed, three-fifths

being present.

The People of the State of New York, represented in Senate and Assembly, do enact as follows:

Section 1. There shall be issued in the manner and at the times Bonds jo^

hereinafter recited, bonds of the State in amount not to exceed one hundred and one million dollars, which bonds shall be sold by the State, and the proceeds thereof paid into the State treasury and so much thereof as shall be necessary expended for the purpose of improving the Erie canal, the Oswego canal and the Champlain canal, and the procurement of the lands required in connection therewith.

The said bonds when issued shall be exempt from taxation.    Bonds are

§ 2. The Comptroller is hereby directed under the supervision of the Comptroller to Commissioners of the Canal Fund to cause to be prepared the bonds prepare bonds

¹¹    at 3% payable

of this State, to an amount not to exceed one hundred and one million one-half yearly, dollars, the said bonds to bear interest at the rate of not to exceed three per centum per annum, which interest shall be payable semi-

Bonds run is annually in the city of New York. Said bonds shall be issued for a

years. To be

sold at not less term of not more than eighteen years from their respective dates of issue, and shall not be sold for less than par. The Comptroller is hereby charged with the duty of selling said bonds to the highest bidder after advertising for a period of twenty consecutive days, Sundays excepted, in at least two daily newspapers printed in the

Mdson^bonds, city of New York and one in the city of Albany. Said advertisements shall contain a provision to the effect that the Comptroller in his discretion may reject any or all bids made in pursuance of said advertisements, and in the event of such rejection, the Comptroller is authorized to readvertise for bids in the manner above described

as many times as in his judgment may be necessary to effect a satis-

Bond issue

not to exceed

810,000,000in factory sale. The said bonds shall not all be sold at one time; not

first two years

and in lots of more than ten million dollars in amount thereof shall be sold during

not to exceed    .    .

$10,000,000 the two years next ensuing after this act takes effect and thereafter they shall be sold in lots not exceeding ten million dollars at a time as the same may be required for the purpose of making partial or final payments on work contracted for in accordance with the pro

visions of this act, and for other payments lawfully to be made under

Annual tax of the provisions hereof. There is hereby imposed for each year after this act goes into effect until all the bonds issued under the authority

lino of a mill per $1.00 for

of bond’s00,000 of this act shall be due, an annual tax of twelve one-thousandths of a

outstanding.

Payment of bonds by Comptroller.

mill upon each dollar of valuation of the real and personal property in this State subject to taxation, for each and every one million dollars or part thereof in par value of said bonds issued and outstanding in any of said fiscal years, the annual amount of such tax to be computed by the Comptroller, which taxes shall be assessed, levied and collected by the annual assessment and collection of taxes ’ of each of such years in the manner prescribed by law and shall be paid by the several county treasurers into the treasury of the State, and the proceeds of said tax, after paying the interest due upon the outstanding bonds shall be invested by the Comptroller under the direction of the Commissioners of the Canal Fund, and, together with the interest arising therefrom, shall, be devoted to the sinking fund which is hereby created, payment from which shall only be made to the extinguishment of the indebtedness created by the sale of the aforesaid bonds as the said bonds become due and for no other

purpose whatever.

Begin work in three months on canals.

§ 3. Within three months after issuing the said bonds or some part thereof the Superintendent of Public Works and the State Engineer are hereby directed to proceed to improve the Erie canal, the Oswego canal and the Champlain canal in the manner hereinbelow

provided. The route of the Erie canal as improved shall be as follows: Beginning at Congress street, Troy, and passing up the

Hudson river to Waterford; thence to the westward through theRout6i branch north of Peoble’s Island and by a new canal and locks reach of^on Erie the Mohawk river above Cohoes falls; thence in the Mohawk rivercanal-

Route, Middle . Division Erie > canal.

canalized to Little Falls; thence generally by the existing line of the Erie canal and feeder around through Little Falls to the Mohawk river above the upper dam; thence in the Mohawk river canalized with the necessary cutting through bends to a point just east of Jacksonburg; thence generally by the existing line of the Erie canal to Herkimer; thence in the valley of the Mohawk river following the thread of the stream as much as practicable to a point about six miles east of Rome; thence over to and down the valley of Wood creek to Oneida lake; thence through Oneida lake to the Oneida river thence down the Oneida river cutting out the bends thereof where desirable, to Three River point; thence up the Seneca river to the outlet of Onondaga lake; thence still up the Seneca river to and through the State ditch at Jack’s reefs; thence westerly generally following said river to the mouth of Crusoe creek; thence substantially paralleling the New York Central railroad and to the north of it to a junction with the present Erie canal about one and eight-tenths miles east of Clyde; thence following substantially the present route of the .canal with necessary changes near Lyons and Newark to western Fairport; thence curving to the south and west on a new location c^L°n Ene joining the present canal about one-half mile west of the crossing of the Irondequoit creek; thence following the old canal to a point about one and one-fourth miles west of Pittsford; thence following the existing line of the canal for nearly a mile; thence running across the country south of Rochester to the Genesee river near South park; here crossing the river in a pool formed by a dam; thence running to the west of the outskirts of Rochester and joining the present canal about one mile east of South Greece; thence following substantially the route of the present Erie canal with the necessary change in alignment near Medina to a junction with the Niagara river at Tona-wanda, thence by the Niagara river and Black Rock harbor to Buffalo

The route of the Champlain canal as improved shall be as follows: pMifcan^iam

and Lake Erie. The existing Erie canal from Tonawanda creek to Main street, Buffalo, shall be retained for feeder and harbor purposes. Middle The route of the Oswego canal as improved shall be as follows:oswegcTcanai. Beginning at the junction of the Oswego, Seneca and Oneida rivers, it shall run northward to a junction with Lake Ontario at Oswego, following the Oswego river canalized and present Oswego canal. Eastern

Beginning in the Hudson river at Waterford, thence up the Hudson river canalized to near Fort Edward; thence via the present route of the Champlain canal to Lake Champlain near Whitehall. The routes as specified herein shall be accurately laid down upon the

isauthorizecftoground by the State Engineer, who is hereby authorized and required make devia- make such deviations therefrom as may be necessary or desirable

tions where    J    J

necessary.

canals.

' width;

Size of Bot. 75 deep 12';

X sec. 1,128 feet.

square

In rivers and lakes. Bot. 200' width; deep 12';

X sec. 2,400 square feet.

for bettering the alignment, reducing curvature, better placing of structures and their approaches, securing better foundations, or generally for any purpose tending to improve the canal and render its navigation safer and easier. The Erie, Oswego and Champlain canals shall be improved so that the canal prism shall, in regular canal sections, have a minimum bottom width of seventy-five feet and a minimum depth of twelve feet and a minimum water cross section

May be modi- of eleven hundred and twenty-eight square feet, except at aqueducts

fied at aqueducts and

villages¹subject may be reduced and cross section of water modified to such an extent

to Canal Board approval.

and through cities and villages where these dimensions as to width

ionK| 2Vwide; flight of three locks near Waterford, and of two locks at Lockport which shall be double locks. The locks shall have the following

as may be deemed necessary by the State Engineer and approved by the Canal Board. In the rivers and lakes the canal shall have a minimum bottom width of two hundred feet, minimum depth of twelve feet and minimum cross section of water of twenty-four hundred square feet. The locks for the passage of boats on the Erie, Oswego and Champlain canals shall be single locks, except at the

governing dimensions: Length between hollow quoins, three hundred and twenty-eight feet, clear width twenty-eight feet, minimum depth in lock chamber and on mitre sills eleven feet, and with such lifts as Valves, etc. the State Engineer may determine. The locks shall be provided with all necessary approach walls by passes, gates and valves, with hydraulic or electrical power for the manipulation of gates and valves, for expediting the passage of boats through the locks, and for lighting the locks and approaches. All locks having over eight feet lift shall be fed through a culvert running parallel with the axis of the lock in each wall with the necessary feed and discharge pipes and controlling

Arrange for ad-valves. All single locks shall be so located with reference to the axis

ditional locks.

Vertical

masonry

of the canal, that a second lock can be conveniently added alongside the first should this hereafter be found necessary. The Erie, Oswego and Champlain canals shall be provided with all necessary spillways, culverts, etc. culverts and arrangements for stream crossings; the bottom and sides shall be puddled wherever necessary, and the sides where necessary wails.shall have vertical masonry walls, or slope wash walls; guard locks and stop gates shall be built where required, and in canal sections

guard gates shall be built at distances apart not exceeding ten miles, Guard-gates, all as may be determined by the State Engineer. New bridges shall Bridges, be built over the canals to take the place of existing bridges wherever required, or rendered necessary by the new location of the canals.

Dams.

etc.

Orville feeder.

All fixed bridges and lift bridges when raised shall give a clear passage way of not less than fifteen and one-half feet between the bridge and headroom, the water at its highest ordinary navigable stage. The dams required for the canalization of the river sections of the Erie, Oswego and Champlain canals shall be so located and shall be built of masonry or timber as the State Engineer shall determine to be best. Wherever, in the canalized rivers or in Oneida or Cross lakes, it may be deemed by the State Engineer necessary for the safety and convenience of navigation, spar, gas, can or lantern buoys, range lights or Buoys, range targets shall be provided, placed and maintained. The eastern end of the existing Erie canal at its junction with the Hudson river weigh-iock shall be improved as follows: A lock shall be built in place of existing i7.r iong^‘ lock number one and the weigh lock near it at Albany with the follow- if/ Jeep! ing governing dimensions: Length between hollow quoins one hundred and seventy-eight feet, clear width twenty-eight feet, minimum depth on mitre sills eleven feet, and the canal prism shall be improved ^naiprism as far as existing lock number two by giving it depth of twelve feet and a minimum width of fifty-five feet. And at the point of divergence from the present Erie canal near Fort Bull a lock shall be con- Fort Bull lock, structed with the following governing dimensions: Length between ^wkfeT hollow quoins one hundred and seventy-eight feet, clear width twenty-ir deep' eight feet, minimum depth on mitre sills eleven feet, and shall be so located and constructed that boats navigating the proposed improved canal will be able to lock into the present Erie canal at this point; and that portion of the present Erie canal lying between the point above described and the Orville or Butternut creek feeder shall be

maintained as a navigable canal and feeder of its present size and depth. The outlet of Onondaga lake into the Seneca river shall be 0"°nodjlt^t enlarged to the size prescribed for the prism of the Erie and Oswego enlarged, canals, and the necessary improvements shall be made in Onondaga 0nond.lga lake to permit canal boats to reach the head of the lake, and fromlake-the head of the lake and extending southeastwardly into Syracuse „

0    J    J    byracuse

where there shall be constructed a harbor or basin twelve hundred {¹oarbo^ /¹'200, feet in length, two hundred and twenty feet in width and twelve wide’; ¹²' deeP-

Rochester

feet in depth. From the pool in which the canal will cross the Genesee river south of Rochester, there shall be constructed generally on the site of the old feeder northwardly towards Rochester, a canal canal and of the size prescribed for the prism of the Erie, Oswego and Champlain

canal? and about two and one-quarter miles long ending at the present Erie canal. The northerly end of this canal for a distance of

1,500' long; fifteen hundred feet shall be enlarged into a basin or harbor with a

170' wide;

12' deep,

width of one hundred and seventy feet and depth of twelve feet.

Water-supply

reservoirs.

The additional water supply required for the improved Erie canal shall be provided by developing and utilizing existing sources, by constructing a storage reservoir on Limestone creek, improving the storage of Cazenovia lake, and building storage reservoirs on the upper Mohawk near Delta and on West Canada creek near Hinckley, with all necessary feeders for connecting these and existing reservoirs with the improved canal. The supply of water for the Erie canal

Supply for

10,000,°°° tons shall be sufficient for the uses of the canal with at least ten million

freight per

tons of freight carried on it per year.

§ 4. The State Engineer may enter upon, take possession of and use lands, structures and waters, the appropriation of which for the use of the improved canals and for the purposes of the work and improvement authorized by this act, shall in his judgment be necessary. An accurate survey and map of all such lands shall be made by the State Engineer who shall annex thereto his certificate that the lands therein described have been appropriated for the use of the Shall hie copy -canals of the State. Such map, survey and certificate shall be filed in tendent¹ Public the office of the State Engineer, and a duplicate copy thereof, duly certified by the State Engineer to be such duplicate copy shall also be filed in the office of the Superintendent of Public Works. The Superintendent of Public Works shall thereupon serve upon the owner of any real property so appropriated a notice of the filing and of the date of filing of such map, survey and certificate in his office, which notice shall also specifically describe that portion of such real property belonging to such owner which has been so appropriated. If the Superintendent of Public Works shall not be able to serve said notice upon the owner personally within this State after making efforts so to do, which in his judgment are under the circumstances reasonable and proper, he may serve the same by filing it with the clerk of the county wherein the property so appropriated is situate. From the time of the service of such notice, the entry upon and the appropriation by the State of the real property therein described for the purposes of the work and improvement provided for by this act, shall be deemed complete, and such notice so served shall be conclusive evidence of such entry and appropriation and of the quantity and boundaries of the lands appropriated. The Superin -

year

State Engineer may appropriate lands.

Shall survey and map same

Superintendent Public Works shall serve upon owner or file with county clerk.

From time of service appropriation is complete.

Superintendent Public

copiedi™ay file tendent of Public Works may cause a duplicate copy of such notice, officety clerks with an affidavit of due service thereof on such owner, to be recorded

in the books used for recording deeds in the office of the county clerk of any county in the State where any of the property described in such notice is situated, and the record of such notice and such proof of service shall be prima facie evidence of the due service thereof.

The Court of Claims shall have jurisdiction to determine the amount p°^rt of CIa,ims of compensation for lands, structures and waters so appropriated.

Abandonment of canal lands.

§ 5. Whenever any lands now used for canal purposes shall be rendered no longer necessary or useful for such purposes by reason of the improvement hereby directed, the same shall be sold in the manner provided by law for the sale of abandoned canal lands and the net proceeds thereof paid into the State treasury, and so much thereof Proceeds to as shall be necessary shall be applied to the cost of the work hereby Bar&eeanal-directed.

§ 6. All the work herein authorized shall be done by contract.

Canal divided into sections.

Before any such contract shall be made the State Engineer shall divide the whole work into such sections or portions as may be deemed for the best interests of the State in contracting for the same, and shall make maps, plans and specifications for the work to be..    , ,

1 7 *    ¹    Maps and plans

done and materials furnished for each of the sections into which said of sections.

Quantities.

work is divided and shall ascertain with all practicable accuracy the quantity of embankment, excavation and masonry, the quantity and quality of all materials to be used and all other items of wmrk to be

placed under contract and make a detailed estimate of the cost of the Estimates, same, and a statement thereof with the said maps, plans and specifi

cations, when adopted by the Canal Board, shall be filed in his office by Canaipr°ved

^    J    ?    Board.

All to be filed

the office of the State Engineer with a certificate of the Superintendent stab^Engh of Public Works stating the time and place of their exhibition. Noafter letting-alteration shall be made in any such map, plan or specification, or banting0 be the plan of any work under contract during its progress, except wilh bydstPproved the consent and approval of the Superintendent of Public Works superfn-and and the State Engineer, nor unless a description of such alteration works*Pubhc and such approval be in writing and signed by the parties making the same and a copy thereof filed in the office of the State Engineer.

and a copy thereof shall be filed in the office of the Superintendent of Public Works and publicly exhibited to every person proposing or of Super?*06 desiring to make a proposal for such work. The quantities contained Works, in such statement shall be used in determining the cost of the work according to the different proposals received, and when the contracts for any such work are awarded, every such statement, with the maps, plans and specifications and all other papers relating to such work advertised and which may be necessary to identify the plan and extent of the work embraced in such contracts shall be filed in

ieer

ate

Al! changes increasing cost

No change of plan or specification which will increase the expense

Board.

No extra work certified unless so approved.

be approved °f any such work or create any claim against the State for damage arising therefrom shall be made unless a written statement, setting forth the object of the change, its character, amount and the expense thereof, is submitted to the Canal Board, and their assent thereto at a meeting when the State Engineer was present is obtained. No extra or unspecified work shall be certified for payment unless said work is done pursuant to the written order of the State Engineer and payment therefor shall not be made unless approved by the Canal

Board.

Contracts in triplicate.

Work to be combined in advertisements.

Work to be advertised four weeks.

§ 7. All the work herein specified shall be done by contract executed in triplicate as required by law and entered into by the Superintendent of Public Works on the part of the State after having been advertised once a wreek for four successive weeks in two newspapers published in the city of New York, one of which shall be published in the interests of engineering and contracting and one each in the cities of Albany, Rochester, Buffalo and Syracuse and one in each county where the particular piece of work advertised or some portion of the same is located, and it shall be the duty of the Superintendent of Public Works to combine in one notice of advertisement as many pieces of work as practicable. The advertisement shall be limited

Form of adver-to a brief description of the work proposed to be let with an announce-

tisements, limitations, etc.

ment stating where the maps, plans and specifications are on exhibition and the terms and conditions under which bids will be received

Bids opened in public.

Deposit of 5 per cent with bid.

and the time and place where the same will be opened, and such other matters as may be necessary to carry out the provisions of this act. The proposals received pursuant to said advertisements shall be publicly opened and read at the time and place designated. Every proposal must be accompanied by a money deposit in the form of a draft or certified check upon some good banking institution in the city of Albany or New York, issued by a national or State bank in good credit within the State, and payable at sight to the Superintendent of Public Works for five per centum of the amount of the proposal. In case the proposer to whom such contract shall be awarded shall Deposituo be^ fail or refuse to enter into such contract within the time fixed by bidder fails to the Superintendent of Public Works, such deposit shall be forfeited contract. to the State, paid to the State Treasurer and become a part of the Deposit to be canal fund. In case the contract shall be made such deposit shall be

returned.

returned to the contractor. In cases where the estimated cost of the wfwed'whenlt materials and work does not exceed ten thousand dollars, the period

of advertising may be abridged and the work may be advertised by circular letters and posters when, in the judgment of the Superin-

work is under $10,000.

item therein shall be awarded unless such award shall be approved by Bo⁰Jrdancfanal the State Engineer and the Canal Board. The contract in a formState Engineer' to be approved by the Attorney-General shall be made with the approveVby6 person, firm or corporation who shall offer to do and perform the General^ same at the lowest price and who shall give adequate security for the faithful and complete performance of the contract, and such security shall be approved as to sufficiency by the Superintendent of Public Works, and as to form by the Attorney-General and shall be at least 25%dof°esti-twenty-five per centum of the amount of the estimated cost of the ^.nuacTprice. work according to the contract price. If in the judgment of the State Engineer the work upon any contract is not being performed according to the contract or for the best interests of the State, he shall so Canal₀n°cPrrcltifj-certify to the Canal Board, and the Canal Board shall thereupon^wnof state have power to suspend or stop the work under such contract while it ™₀°r£.ac“der is in progress and direct the Superintendent of Public Works, and it shall thereupon become his duty, to complete the same in such manner superin-as will accord with the contract specifications and be for the bestwofkstoubll° interests of the State, or the contract may be cancelled and readver- '2lete tised and relet in the manner above prescribed, and any excess in the May be relet. cost of completing the contract beyond the price for which the same Any additional was originally awarded shall be charged to and paid by the contractor by contractor, failing to perform the work. If at any time in the conduct of the State Engineer work under any contract, it shall become apparent to the State Boar^when™1 Engineer that any item in the contract will exceed in quantity theexceedsthe engineer’s estimate by more than fifteen per centum, he shall so certify to the Canal Board and the Canal Board shall thereupon determine whether the work in excess thereof shall be completed by decide as to

tendent of Public Works approved by the Canal Board, such course

may be desirable or necessary. The Superintendent of Public Works Sup^rin-^ ^

may reject all the bids and readvertise and award the contract in the works may

J 0    '    reject all bids.

manner herein provided, whenever in his judgment the interests of the State will be enhanced thereby. No contract which exceeds by ^ess^no per more than ten per centum the gross cost of the work as estimated by or 2o°pef cent the State Engineer or by more than twenty per centum the cost of any °ubfectdte™aP-

estimate by 15%.

Canal Board to

A    ^ manner of

the contractor under the terms and at the prices specified in the con- completion of

such items.

tract or whether it shall be done or furnished by the Superintendent of Public Works, or whether a special contract shall be made for such excess in the manner above prescribed. Every contract shall reserve to the Superintendent of Public Works the right to suspend or cancel ^liperin the contract as above provided and to complete the same or readver- tendent Public tise and relet the same as the Canal Board may determine, and also rieht to cancel

^    '    contract.

shall reserve to the Superintendent of Public Works the right to enter

Superintendent Public

right*t(3 com^e uPon and complete any item of the contract which shall exceed in exceeding¹¹⁶”¹ Tuantity the engineer’s estimate by more than fifteen per centum or estimate by to make a special contract for such excess, as the Canal Board may determine.

Advisory    § 8. The Governor may employ, at a compensation to be fixed by

board of five » • p    .    • »i •    ■    .    -1    •    i    1    />    i.

to be appointed him, five expert civil engineers to act as an advisory board of consult-

by Governor.

ing engineers, whose duty it shall be to advise the State Engineer and the Superintendent of Public Works, to follow the progress of the work and from time to time report thereon to the Governor, the State Special Deputy Engineer and the Superintendent of Public Works, as they may by^tTteXngb require or the board may deem proper and advisable. The State pensation tote Engineer may appoint and at pleasure remove a special deputy, at a Canal Board, compensation to be fixed by him with the approval of the Canal Powers of the Board, who may under the direction of the State Engineer, perform SpeciaiDeputy. ₀₁₁ the WOrk of improvement authorized by this act all the duties of the State Engineer, except as commissioner, trustee or member of any board. The State Engineer may also appoint and at pleasure remove such number of resident engineers in addition to those now authorized by law as he may deem necessary for the work of improvement hereby authorized and may prescribe and define their duties.

§ 9. The Superintendent of Public Works may, from time to time,

State Engineer to appoint Resident Engineers.

upon the certificate of the State Engineer, pay to the contractor or

Monthly esti-

p£ddeupon°e5- contractors a sum not exceeding ninety per centum of the value of the E^gteeer.Stale work performed, and such certificate of the State Engineer must state the amount of work performed and its total value, but in all cases not

io% retained, less than ten per centum of the estimate thus certified must be retained until the contract is completed and approved by the State Engineer and the Superintendent of Public Works.

§ 10. All measurements, inspections and estimates shall be made by the State Engineer and the engineers and inspectors appointed by him. The Superintendent of Public Works may, in the performance of the duties devolving upon him by this act, rely upon the certificates of the State Engineer and his assistants as to the amount, character and quality of the work done and material furnished.

§ 11. While the work contemplated in this act is in progress the canals upon which work is actually being done shall not be open for Canals to close navigation earlier than May fifteenth and shall be closed on or before ter^toM.^ November fifteenth, except that portions thereof may be opened earlier and closed later when in the judgment of the Superintendent of Public Works such a course will not be detrimental to the progress of the work of improvement.

State Engineer to make all estimates.

Superintendent Public Works may rely upon same in making payment.

Exceptions,

reclosing.

§ 12. All questions which under the provisions of this aH are to be Majority vote ^ determined by the Canal Board, shall be decided by a majority vote required on of all members of such board, and a full and complete record of all proceedings of such board shall be preserved, and a certified copy of Records kept,

• ( j .    . ,.    copy sent to

its determination or action upon any question arising under this act state Engineer

shall be transmitted to the State Engineer.

§ 13. The sum of ten million dollars is hereby appropriated, payable $ 10,000,000 ap-out of the moneys realized from the sale of bonds as provided by construction^ section two of this act, and from the proceeds of the sale of abandoned tenderaPubiic lands as provided in section five of this act, to be expended to carry state Engi

and Surveyor.

neer,

out the purposes of this act; said sum of ten million dollars to beo°rfor‘appro-er paid by the Treasurer on the warrant of the Comptroller, after Lndslon °f

contractor.

troller.

or damages.

due audit by him, upon the presentation of the draft of the Draft, to Superintendent of Public Works to the order of the contractor if for contruction work, or to his own order if for the completion by him Draft to Super-of any unfinished contract or for advertising for miscellaneous ex-pubUcWorks. penses connected with the said work, or upon the presentation of the Draft to state drafts of the State Engineer for supervising or engineering expenses surveyor.and in connection with said work, or upon the presentation by the Comp-To Comptroller of accounts for miscellaneous expenses, or on the presentation of awards by the Court of Claims for compensation for lands appro- preprinted¹⁵" priated as provided in section four of this act or damages caused by the work of improvement hereby authorized.

§ 14. Any surplus arising from the sale of bonds and the sale of Surplus from abandoned lands over and above the' cost of the entire work of the dnking'fund.⁰

improvement of the canals as herein provided for shall be applied to the sinking fund for the payment of said bonds.

§. 15. This law shall not take effect until it shall at a general election Law to be have been submitted to the people, and have received a majority of vote of people all the votes cast for and against it at such election; and the same    er’

shall be submitted to the people of this State at the general election to be held in November, nineteen hundred and three. The ballots to be furnished for the use of voters upon the submission of this law shall be in the form prescribed by the Election Law and the proposition or question to be submitted shall be printed thereon in substantially the following form, namely: “Shall chapter (here insert the number of this chapter) of the laws of nineteen hundred and three, entitled ‘An act making provision for issuing bonds to the amount of not to exceed one hundred and one million dollars for the improvement of the Erie canal, the Oswego canal, and the Champlain canal, and providing for a submission of the same to the people to be voted upon at the general election to be held in the year nineteen hundred and three’ be approved?”

Office of the State Engineer and Surveyor,

Albany, N. Y., May 30, 1904.

Instructions for Making Surveys, Maps, Plans and Estimates.

DISTRIBUTION OF WORK.

1.    The surveys will be divided into three divisions corresponding with the present divisions of the State canals.

2.    The Eastern Division will embrace all that portion of the Erie canal east of the east line of Oneida county, and all the Champlain canal.

3.    The Middle Division,will embrace the Erie canal from the east line of Oneida county west to the west line of the town of Savannah, Wayne county; also all of the Oswego canal.

4.    The Western Division will embrace all of the Erie canal from the west line of the town of Savannah, Wayne county, west to Buffalo.

5.    The several divisions wall be divided into sections as follows:

ERIE CANAL.

Section 1. From the Congress street bridge crossing the Hudson river at Troy to the west end of the knver Mohawk aqueduct, including that portion of the Hudson river which is common to the main line of the canal and of the Champlain canal.

Section 2. From the west end of the lower Mohawk aqueduct to the head of old Lock 27, situated about three-fourths of a mile west of Cranesville, Montgomery county.

Section 3, From the head of old Lock 27 to the head of old Lock 34 at Mindenville, Montgomery county.

Section 4. From the head of Lock 34 to the easterly line of Oneida county, which is also the east line of the city of Utica.

Section 5. From the east line of Oneida county to the west line of Oneida county in Oneida lake, about 38 miles, including seven and one-half miles in Oneida lake.

Section 6. From the west line of Oneida county in Oneida lake to the west corporation line of the village of Baldwinsville, about 35 miles, including 13 miles in Oneida lake, the outlet of Oneida lake and the Syracuse harbor.

Section 7. From the west corporation line of the village of Bald-vvinsville to the west line of the town of Savannah, Wayne county, about 30 miles.

Section 8. From the west line of the town of Savannah to the westerly line of Wayne county, one-half mile west of the village of Waynesport, Wayne county.

Section 9. From the westerly line of Wayne county to the westerly line of Monroe county, being about three miles west of the village of Brockport.

Section 10. From the westerly line of Monroe county to the head of the present guard-lock near the village of Pendleton, Niagara county.

Section 11. From the head of the guard-lock near the village of Pendleton, Niagara county, to and through the city of Buffalo, including the present canal with the various harbors and slips, and the Niagara river from Tonawanda to Lake Erie.

CHAMPLAIN CANAL.

Section 1. From the junction of the Barge canal and Champlain canal, in the Hudson river east of Waterford, to the foot of old Lock 10 near Northumberland dam, Washington county.

Section 2. From the foot of Lock 10 near Northumberland dam, Washington county, to the highway crossing the present Champlain canal at Dunham’s Basin, Washington county, including the Glens Falls feeder, dam and pond above.

Section 3. From the highway crossing the present Champlain canal at Dunham’s Basin, Washington county, to Lake Champlain.

BLACK RIVER CANAL.

Section 1. From the junction of the Black River canal with the Erie canal in the city of Rome to the foot of present Lock 71 at Boon-ville, including the feeder from Boonville to Forest port; the Black river above the dam at Forestport, and the dam and all reservoirs and feeders tributary to the canal and feeder as described above.

Section 2. Black River canal from the foot of Lock 71 at Boonville to the Black river at Lyon Falls; the Black River improvement from Lyon Falls to Carthage, including the dam, and also, the Moose River improvement.

OSWEGO CANAL.

Section 1. From Three River Point to and through Oswego to twelve feet of water in Lake Ontario.

CAYUGA AND SENECA CANAL.

Section 1. The Cayuga and Seneca canal from Montezuma to Geneva, with the spur from mud-lock to Cayuga lake.

The various sections herein described may be divided into subsections as the State Engineer shall determine.

OBJECT OF THIS SURVEY.

1. The object of this survey is to obtain data for, and to make maps, plans and estimates for the Barge canal improvement.

AREA TO BE SURVEYED.

1. The area and locality to be surveyed will be determined by the State Engineer.

CONTROL OF WORK.

1.    The work of making the surveys, maps, plans, and estimates will be under the direction of the State Engineer, and his special deputy.

2.    The work of each division will be under the general supervision of the Division Engineer, who shall make such observations as will enable him to make the certificates required by law.

3.    The details of the separate sections of the work will be under the direction of one or more resident engineers, who will have charge of all department employees in the parties under them.

4.    Assistant engineers will have direct charge of the department employees of the parties under them.

5.    A resident engineer may be assigned by the State Engineer to the special work of seeing that the instructions issued as to the proper keeping of notes, and the obtaining of such information as is, or may be, required, are complied with. He will be under the immediate direction of and receive instructions from the Special Deputy State Engineer and shall report to him through the Division Engineer of the Division upon which he may be engaged. It is the purpose of this assignment to provide an interpretation of any of the provisions of these instructions for the benefit of the Division, Resident and Assistant Engineers. This assignment is not intended to relieve the Engineers of any responsibility in the carrying out of these instructions, but to aid and assist them in so doing.

REPORTS.

1. Each Assistant Engineer in charge of a party shall make prompt reports, at the end of each week, to the Resident Engineer in charge

of his section, which shall state briefly the amount of work done, the approximate location of each kind of work in progress, stating separately, under the headings of Transit and Level work, to what point the work is completed, giving the transit station as well as the location, the number of days at work in the field, the number of miles run,' and the average run per day.

2.    Under-Stadia work they shall state in what section the party is engaged and the approximate amount of work completed, stating also, the number of days in the field. A small sketch shall accompany the report showing the limits of the area mapped.

3.    Under Soundings shall be stated the number of the transit station to which the soundings are completed, and its location, the number of miles of river sounded, the number of soundings made, the number of ranges taken, and the number of days in the field.

4.    Under Borings shall be stated to what transit station the borings are completed and its location, the number of days at work, the number of borings made, the number of feet penetrated, as classified under the several general headings, such as “ earth,” “sand,” “gravel,” or “clay,”’ etc., and the total number of feet penetrated.

5.    In reporting the number of the transit station and its location, reference should be made to its distance from some known town or village along the work. In addition to the above, any information of general interest or importance should be given.

6.    Each Assistant Engineer shall also make a report to the Resident Engineer at the end of each calendar month, in which a summary shall be made under the several headings, as stated for the weekly reports; giving briefly the condition of the work in progress at that date, any work proposed to be undertaken, and any and all information bearing on the work.

7.    Each Resident Engineer shall make a weekly and monthly report to the Special Deputy State Engineer through the Division Engineer, embodying the several reports received from his Assistant Engineers, and accompanied by any information of importance or by any suggestions.

The Resident Engineers will be under the immediate direction of the Special Deputy State Engineer, copies of whose instructions will be furnished the Division Engineer. The Division Engineer is required to report to the Deputy whatever disobedience of instructions he may observe. All official communications from the Resident Engineers to the Special Deputy State Engineer shall pass open through the hands of the Division Engineer for his information.

8.    The Resident Engineer, in the reports submitted by him, shall state the date and location at which the several parties begin work, the names of the employees, and the day upon which they reported for work. He should keep notes during the progress of his work, with the view, to being called upon to submit a general report thereon to the State Engineer, and also to its publication as part of the report of the State Engineer.

9.    Division, Resident and Assistant Engineers shall make such special reports as may be directed by their superiors.

EXPENDITURES AND ACCOUNTS.

Division Engineer.

1.    Each Division Engineer will pay all salaries and approved bills incurred on his division.

2.    All head office expenses, including salaries, supplies, etc., will be paid by the Division Engineer of the Eastern Division, who will render a separate abstract monthly covering this account.

3.    The drafts of the Division Engineer on the Comptroller for advances shall show the name of the canal upon which the money is to be expended and shall be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor for approval.

4.    Abstracts on the proper form, made in triplicate, (for each canal) must be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor as soon as possible after the close of each month. The abstract form must not be folded, but carefully rolled and inserted in a round mailing tube for transmission. Each field or construction party must be grouped on the abstract and a short heading descriptive of the work (or section number) written above each group.

5.    The vouchers must be on the Barge canal form and be fully completed and approved as required by that form. When items of expenses are included the voucher must be sworn to; if for salary alone no affidavit is necessary. The original vouchers (duplicates not required) should be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor with abstract.

o. Employees assigned to Barge canal work will be carried on the regular division appointment sheet.

Resident Engineer.

7. Each Resident Engineer in charge will report promptly to his Division Engineer on the regular form, the date of reporting for duty, or the granting of leave of absence to any employee in his residency. On the 25th of each month he will report the name, title, period of

employment, rate of compensation and pay due for the month of each employee under his control.

8.    Fully completed vouchers prepared and approved by the Resident Engineer for all salaries and expenses incurred during the month on his residency, must be sent to the Division Engineer not later than the last day of each month. Copies of each expense account included in the vouchers must accompany them. The checks of the Division Engineer in payment will be issued promptly. Should the services of any employee terminate before the end of the month, an approved voucher accompanied by letter of explanation and sent to the Division Engineer, will be paid.

Assistant Engineer.

9.    The Assistant Engineer in charge of field work will pay all the expenses of his party incurred in authorized travel and other incidental expenses. His expense accounts must show under the head of “travel/’ the name of each employee, between wThat points each traveled, and the fare paid.

10.    All bills contracted in connection with the-work by any Assistant Engineer or other employee must be authorized and approved by the Resident Engineer.

11.    Receipts for any expenditures (except railroad fares) exceeding one dollar must be procured and accompany each expense account. Hotel bills must show each party’s name, the beginning, the ending, the exact period of the service and the rate per day thus: “John Doe, from breakfast Nov. 13, 1903, to dinner Nov. 14, 1903, 1^ days at $1 per day, SI.50.” A bill for livery or other special transportation should describe the kind of conveyance and the service rendered.

12.    Assistant Engineer’s headquarters will be located by the Resident Engineer subject to the approval of the State Engineer.

13.    No expenses will be allowed between residence and office headquarters. No meals or hotel bills will be allowed within the limits of the city, town, village or house at which office headquarters are situated, unless specially authorized by the Resident Engineer.

14.    Employees will be expected to pay all personal indebtedness before leaving a location.

15.    All printed forms and books used in the work will be supplied from the Head Office at Albany on the requisition of the Resident Engineer.

OFFICE WORK IN RESIDENT ENGINEERS’ OFFICES.

1. The office of each Resident Engineer will be located at such point along the work as may be decided upon by the Special Deputy

StaterEngineer, in order that" he may be at mil times in close touch with the work under his supervision.

2.    The notes as sent in to him by the several Assistant Engineers, will be plotted in his office or in the office of the Division Engineer, as may in the future be directed. If completed in the Resident Engineer’s office they will be sent to the office of the Division Engineer as fast as completed. Only pencil titles will be put on in the office of the Resident Engineer; the final titles will be added in the office of the Division Engineer.

3.    On each map sheet shall be written in pencil, the number of the sheet, beginning with 1 and numbered consecutively through the work; the scale upon which the work is plotted; the Division, whether Eastern, Middle or Western; the basis of the coordinates used and references, shown by file number, to the note-books, whether transit, level, stadia, sounding or boring books, in which the notes are to be found from which the sheet is plotted. A true north line shall be drawn on each map sheet.

4.    In plotting points on the map sheets, the decimal point will represent the exact location. Where it is not practicable to do this a small cross shall be made, as designating the location, and the elevation written near it.

NOTES AND RECORDS.

1.    All notes and records of all parties must be full and complete, clearly and distinctly written, not only with a view to their immediate use, but to their preservation.

2.    They must be so full, clear and distinct that they can be quickly and intelligently interpreted and plotted by those who did not make them, and who may be unfamiliar with the section surveyed.

3.    Each day’s notes must be headed with a brief description of the location of the survey, with the day of the week, month and year on the first page of the day’s work, and the name of the observer and recorder (the observer being the man who actually runs the instrument). The condition of the weather, also the number and maker of the instrument used, and the number of the tape used on transit lines must be recorded. On the following pages of the day’s work the date only should be given, and after it the word “Continued.” In the back of each note-book must be recorded an index of the notes found in that book, a key to any abbreviations used, a list of names of the party and of their respective positions. On the outside cover of the book must be clearly and neatly written what division of the survey it embraces. Each transit, level, stadia, etc., book must be numbered consecutively through the series for each separate party, beginning with No. 1. No numbers shall be written in the file number space on the back of note-books. This will be done when they are finally numbered on completion of the surveys.

4.    No record, when once made, shall be erased. When an erroneous note is recorded, it shall be canceled by drawing a line through the figures and rewritten correctly.

5.    All computations must be checked, and when checked, a checkmark thus ■>/ placed after them. On each page of each note-book must be written the initials of the persons who made the computations and who checked them.

6.    All parties shall occupy themselves on days unfit for field work in computing and plotting such notes as have not been kept up with the field work.

7.    Where notes and sketches for a day’s work are kept in separate books, explicit notes shall be written in each book, referring to the other book.

8.    The books and records of the Assistant Engineers shall be examined from time to time by the Resident Engineer, and they will also be examined in the office of the Division Engineer to see that these instructions have been fully complied with.

9.    All note-books issued by the State Engineer to the Division Engineers will be numbered consecutively for each kind of book, on the inside of the front cover. These numbers will have no connection with the numbers referred to in paragraph 3, under “Notes and Records.” Their object is to be able to account for all books issued and to prevent the loss of any records. A receipt by numbers will be taken from the Resident Engineer for the books issued to him, and he shall take a similar receipt for all books issued to his Assistant-Engineers.

FURNISHING OF INSTRUMENTS AND RODS.

1.    Assistant Engineers will be required to furnish one transit in good condition, with vertical arc and level on the telescope and with fixed stadia wires arranged to read about one foot at a distance of 100 feet.

2.    Levelers will be required to furnish one Y level in good condition and suitable for the work required.

3.    Each rodman will be required to furnish a 12-foot extension leveling roi with target and vernier.

4.    All drawing instruments necessary in connection with the work must be furnished by the parties using them. Other supplies will be

furnished on requisition of the Division Engineers from the office of the State Engineer.

TRANSIT WORK.

1.    A transit party will, under general conditions, consist of one assistant engineer, one leveler, one rodman, two chainmen, one to two laborers and one team (when required).

The Assistant Engineer will have direct charge of the party.

2.    The main object of the transit lines will be to establish a base line for the control and use of cross-section and stadia work. Steel bars, or oak hubs 2x2 inches x 12 inches long, will be driven flush with the ground at all transit stations and centered, with a guard-stake driven at the side, preferably at some convenient fixed distance, when practicable, from the hub. Guard-stakes will be of pine, triangular in shape, three inches wide at the top, tapering to a point, eighteen inches long, one inch thick, and dressed on both faces.

3.    Along rivers a random transit line should be run on one bank, starting at some existing structure, such as a building, lock, bridge, etc. Transit stations will be designated as shown on the sheet of conventional signs, with the number of the station marked on the guard-stake. A sketch must be made showing the location of the transit point as run. Two tie measurements at an angle of from 30 degrees to 60 degrees, or as near thereto as practicable, so as to form a sharp intersection, shall be taken to existing fixed marks or stakes securely driven nearby. Four tie measurements when practicable are preferable. Permanent transit points, such as a cross-cut on a fixed stone, must be selected when practicable.

4.    A true meridian shall be established at the beginning of the base line, or as near as possible to it, and afterward at intervals not exceeding three miles. The true meridian will be determined by observations on Polaris, taken either at elongation or at any convenient time and reduced by the “chart method.” The transit station at which the meridian is to be established should be so chosen as to give a clear sight to the north from a fifth to a quarter of a mile in length.

There should be provided a reflector, two lanterns and a wooden box sufficiently large to hold one of the lanterns. A slit about one-eighth of an inch wide should be cut in the bottom or side of the box and holes made for ventilation. At the station where the lantern box is to be used there should be placed a board, leveled and firmly supported on stakes, about one foot above the ground. On this board should be placed the lantern box with the slit side towards the observer at the transit station. Care must be used to see that the transit is properly adjusted and leveled.

If the observations are to be made at elongation, the method is as follows: About five minutes before the time of elongation, the observer with his telescope direct bisects Polaris and then lowering his telescope sets the slit in the lantern box on line; marks this point on the edge of the board and calls it No. 1. Then reversing the instrument, again bisects Polaris and sets the slit in the lantern box; marks this point and calls it No. 2. Reversing the instrument again he proceeds as for point No. 1. The observer continues in this manner for about ten minutes, reversing the instrument at each sight until eight sights, four direct and four reverse, are taken. He marks on the board the mean of points one and two, of three and four, of five and six and of seven and eight; then the mean of the means of one, two, three, four and five, six, seven, eight; then the mean of these last means. He marks this final mean by a stake driven securely in the ground, plumbing down from the board to get the exact point on the stake. At the transit station on the following day, foresighting on the point marked on the stake, he lays off the azimuth of Polaris at elongation as taken from the table below. This line will be the true meridian from the transit station and must be permanently marked at each end by a stone monument with a cross cut in the top.

Azimuth of Polaris at Elongation.

42°.

43°

440

45°

LATITUDE

NORTH.

1904.

1905.

1 37 .3 1°38'. 9 1°40'.5 1°42'. 3

[*— few—¹ •

t—‘ h—¹ i—¹1—‘

o o o o

hoooS

00 MOiCD

Azimuth.

1906.    1907.    1908.    1909.    1910.

1°36'.5    1°36'.0

l°38'.l    1°37'.6

1⁰35'.6 1 °37'. 2

1°39'.7 1°39'.8 1°38'.8 1°38'. 1041/4 io₄₀'.9 l°40'.5 ¹⁰',n/

1°35 .2    1°34'.8

1°36'.8    1°36'.3

l°37/.9 1°39'.6

Local Mean Time of Elongation of Polaris for the Year 1903 and

Latitude 42°.

DATE.

Elonga

tion.

Time.

DATE.

Elonga

tion.

Time.

ri

■A

Jan. 1. Jan. 15 Feb. 1 Feb. 15 March 1 March 15 April 1 April 15 May 1 May 15. June 1. June 15.

West.

West.

West.

West.

West,

West.

West,

East.

East.

East.

East.

East.

H. M.

July 1 July 15 Aug. 1 Aug. 15. Sept. 1 Sept. 15 Oct. 1. 2 Oct. 15. Nov. 1. Nov. 15. Dec. 1. Dec. 15.

East. East. East. East. East. East. East. West, West, West. West, West.

H. M.

12-52.4 a. m. 11-57.2 p. m. 10-51.0 p. m. 9-55.8 p. m. 8-49.6 p. m. 7-54.4 p. m. 6-51.9 p. m. 5-45.9 a. m. 4-39.1a.m. 3—43.9 A. m. 2-41.0 a. m. 1-45.8 A. M.

For the years following 1903 to 1910 add the following to the times of elongation given in the foregoing table:

1904.

1905.

1906.

1907.

1908.

1909.

1910.

M.

+ 1.4 —2.5

M.

M.

M.

—1.2

+ 0.2

+ 1.5

M. + 2.9

—1.1

M.

M.

+0.2

+ 1.6

Use the upper figures before March 1st; the lower figures after March 1st.

For latitudes north of 42°, the time of elongation should be corrected in the table by subtracting from the time of western, or adding to the time of eastern, elongation 0.18 minutes for each degree of latitude.

The time given in the table is the local astronomical time at the place of observation. As the watch time at all places in this State is the fifth hour meridian time (75° west of Greenwich), it is necessary in using the table to reduce the watch or meridian time to local time. This is done by finding on a map the longitude west from Greenwich, of the place where the observation is to be made, e. g: If the longitude of the place is 76° 30' from Greenwich, local time is six minutes slower than watch or meridian time at that place and elongation will occur six minutes later than given by the table. If longitude is 73° 40' west from Greenwich, local time is five and three-tenths minutes faster than watch time, and elongation will occur five and three-tenths minutes earlier than given by the table.

If the observations are taken at other times than elongation, make them in the same manner as for elongation and reduce them to the true meridian, according to the directions as given in the “ chart method." Charts will be furnished when necessary on the application of the Division Engineer.

5.    The azimuth of the base line will be determined from the true meridian as established and carried forward to the next meridian station. At each transit station on the base line occupied, the azimuth of prominent objects in the line of view, such as church spires, corners of prominent buildings, chimneys, etc., should be taken. The true north shall be used as the zero of azimuths, and all angles shall be read to the right.

6.    The difference between the observed azimuth at any station and that brought forward from previous station by transit line, is always equal to the algebraic sum of the errors of observation and the change due to the convergence of meridians. The latter of these

two corrections should be distributed back through the transit stations proportionately to the respective westings, and the former proportionately to the number of transit stations between azimuth stations.

7. The following information is furnished in regard to the convergence of meridians: For every mile run due west, as measured along a parallel of latitude, subtract the following correction and add the same, if the direction is east:

Lati

tude.

40°

41 42°

43°

44°

45°

46°

Correction for one mile of Westing and Easting. 43.7" 45.2" 40.9" 48.5" 50.2" 52.0" 53.8"

8.    All measurements of transit line must be made with steel tape, previously tested, and with plumb-bobs. All transit line distances must be checked for errors in measurement, principally to discover errors of 100 or 50 feet, by the reading of a stadia distance over the line after measurement. Plus distances shall be taken to a point opposite the upper and lower hollow quoin of all locks where the transit line is run along the tow-path of the canals. The temperature must be recorded by readings of thermometer at the beginning and ending of each measurement between transit stations. The tape error, if any, of all tapes used must be determined and recorded with the number of the tape.

On all transit lines the chaining should be done as follows: The head chainman shall carry an ample number of small nails and when the transit man has lined him in, as he should do in all cases for each measurement, to within at least an inch or two of the proper point, the chainman should clean a small space away with his feet, carefully plumb down with his plumb-bob and stick a nail in the ground at the point under the plumb-bob, holding the tape with the proper tension. He should then try the measurement a second time to see that the plumb-bob points over the centre of the nail with the proper distance. He can then stick a chaining pin within two or three inches of the tack and the rear chainman can move up and plumb over the same tack for the next distance.    .

9.    In determining the standard lengths of tapes to. be used, when not furnished, a measurement should be made over a fixed known distance, or else the tape tested by a comparison with a tested standard tape. To do this, for a tape of 100 feet in length, large stakes

t

should be tightly and securely driven at each end of the 100 feet, with the top of each stake driven to the same elevation as determined by a Y level. Three intermediate stakes should be driven at 25-foot intervals, a nail driven in the top and a loop of string or light wire attached so that the ends of the loop supporting the tape shall be in line with the centres of the end stakes and at the same elevation. The top of each end stake should be covered with a piece of zinc. The length between the zero or the one-foot mark and the 100-foot mark of the standard tape provided, should be determined with a pull of .feight pounds, using a tested spring balance, and a clear-cut mark should be made with a knife blade on the zinc at each end of the tape, and the temperature recorded. A measurement should be made, under the same conditions, of the distance between the zero and 100-foot mark of the tape to be tested, another mark made and the temperature recorded. The difference between the two lengths should be recorded as measured by a scale, and the proper correction applied, reducing both measurements to a standard temperature of 62 degrees Fahrenheit, and recording in a book kept for that purpose the number of the tape, the conditions under which it was tested and with what standard, the authority and the tape error, if any, and whether it is long or short. Care should be taken to test tapes only on a cloudy day when no wind is blowing. Generally the best time is at night. The standard tape and the tapes to be tested, with the thermometer, should be hung between trees, or otherwise supported and left in the air from one-half to one hour before the test is made, to insure their being at the temperature of the surrounding atmosphere. Care should be taken, by stationing an assistant at each stake, that the tape is properly supported. No pressure must be allowed on the end stakes in the effort to hold the tape firm. Use a clamp, if necessary, to hold the fixed end, braced against a rod held in the ground back of the stake. A wide rubber band around the tape should be used in clamping it to prevent slipping. Avoid a test in extreme temperatures. Several tests should be made and each recorded, before adopting a final result. After the test has been made, the tape tested should be freed from the loops and the number of pounds pull determined which are necessary to give the same distance when unsupported between extremes, as when supported at three points, and this pull shall be applied thereafter when making measurements.

The standard tapes, as tested by the United States Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C., are referred to a temperature of 62° Fahrenheit, and when used at other temperatures a correction for

the difference in the lengths of the tapes, owing to the difference in temperature, should be made. This should be determined as follows:

(1.) When no compensating handle is used, assuming that the coefficient of expansion of the tape is .0000063 per degree Fahrenheit, the total expansion for the tape for the number of degrees between 62 and that at which the tape is to be used should be calculated, and that distance added to or subtracted from the length of the tape, as the case may be, and marked on the tape.

(2.) When a compensating handle, designed for use with Eddy tapes, is used, the handle should be fastened to the 100-foot end of the tape, by hooking the tape on a pin placed on the handle for that purpose. On the back of the adjustable slide will be found numbers from zero to 120 and from zero to—10. To use the compensating handle at any temperature, set the sliding vernier so that the number on the back of the vernier, which is the same as the temperature at which the tape is used, will be opposite the 100-foot mark on the tape. Measurements should then be taken to the shoulder of the vernier.

Where an initial correction must be made to the tape to bring it to the standard at 62°, this correction should be added to or subtracted from the tape at the 100-foot mark, and this new 100-foot mark used in making the local correction as noted above.

It will not be necessary to make corrections for differences in temperature smaller than 10°.

10.    The transit party shall make all the computations of transit notes for corrected azimuths, tape error, and temperature, and calculate the coordinates of all transit stations, in computation books furnished for the purpose, which should be carried continuously through the entire work of each party. Sketches from the notebooks, with tie measurements to all transit stations with the corrected azimuths and coordinates of all transit lines, must be made out promptly, with two carbon copies, and sent to the Resident Engineer.

The origin of coordinates used on any survey must be referred to the origin used on the U. S. D. W. maps, or Barge canal maps in that locality.

11.    The following information should be given at the heading of each page of the calculation books in which a traverse calculation is made, either for transit or stadia work:

The base line or stadia station at which the traverse begins or ends, the general direction of the survey, the number of the map sheet upon which the traverse is located, and the number of the book and page on which the notes of the survey are to be found.

The following forms for records of circuit closures in the calculation book are suggested: For circuit beginning with and closing on a base line station:

Example.

1 in 750

Traverse closes with an error of...................

Azimuths by base line as balanced from station 1410

60°—10'—30"

to 1420......................................

Azimuths by stadia circuits closure for above line....    60°—05'—30"

—00°—05'—00"

Difference in azimuth........................

Corrected for convergence of meridians for stadia

line for 2 miles of westing (westing—, easting+ ). . .—00°—01'—00"

—00°—06'—00"

0.5

Error in azimuth due to running

Elevations close with an error of

(Plus indicating that elevation was greater than base line; minus indicating that elevation was less than base line.)

For circuit beginning with base line station and closing on stadia station.

Example.

1 in 1500

Traverse closes with an error of...................

Azimuth by stadia line (as adjusted or not, as the

50°—10'—30"

case may be) 1760 + 20 to A 761................

Azimuth by present stadia circuit for above line.. . .    50°—12'—30"

+ 00°—02'—00"

+ 00°—01'—00"

Difference in azimuth........................

Corrections for convergence of meridians for stadia line for 1 mile of eastings, about................

+ 00°—03'—00"

—0.20

Error in azimuth due to running

Elevations close with an error of

For circuit beginning with and closing on a stadia station.

Example.

1 in 1250

80°—10'—30"

Traverse closes with an error of...................

Azimuth by previous stadia circuit (as adjusted or not, as the case may be) from B 729 to B 730......

Azimuth of above line by present circuit closure, as started from B 700 (as adjusted or not, as the case may be).....................................

80°—12'—30"

+ 00°—02'—00"

Difference in azimuth due to running..........

—00°—02'—30"

Corrections of convergence of meridians for stadia line for 3 miles of westings, about...............

—00°—00'—30"

0.25

Error in azimuth due to running

Elevations close with an error of

Other cases not exactly conforming to the above are to be noted in an equally clear manner, so that a simple inspection will show where and what the traverse is and its results.

LEVEL WORK.

1.    A level party will consist, under ordinary conditions, of the same force as the transit party, the same party to perform both transit and level work.

2.    Permanent bench marks must be established at intervals not exceeding one mile. The elevation of all new bench marks will be based, wherever possible, on the elevation of bench marks established by the levels of the Barge canal survey completed in 1901, and published in the report of the State Engineer for that year, pages 619 to 711.

Frequent readings shall be taken of the water-surface and approximately of the velocity in rivers, lakes and canals.

3.    The elevation of the top of all hubs or monuments set by transit party shall be taken. If such points are destroyed or lost, the elevation of the ground where the hub was located shall be determined and recorded.

4.    Connection shall be made wherever possible with the present bench marks of the New York State canals; also, with any bench marks found of the United States Lake Survey, United States Engineer Corps or of the United States Deep Waterway Surveys.

5.    The datum for all levels will be mean tide New York based on an elevation of 14.73 for the “Grist Mill” bench mark, Greenbush, N. Y.

6.    All lines for establishing bench marks shall be run with two rodmen.

12

7.    Each rodman shall keep separate notes of rod readings on all turning points and bench marks on which he holds and he shall compute their elevations when furnished, by the recorder, with the height of instrument. Each rodman, when he receives the signal “ all right” from the instrument man, shall at once read the rod and record the reading in the book provided. The recorder shall always read the rod after the rodman, make the necessary calculations and compare results with the rodman. If the results differ, each person shall again read the rod before comparing results, and if the readings of the rod differ, another setting of the target shall be made by the instrument man.

8.    Work must not be attempted during high wind nor when the air is “boiling” badly. During very hot weather an effort should be made to begin work very early and remain out late rather than work during midday.

9.    Foresights and backsights should be of equal length, and no sights over 300 feet long shall be taken except in the case of crossing rivers or deep ravines. In such cases extra precautions must be taken and the average of repeated readings at changed positions of rod and instrument shall be used.

10.    If it be impracticable to take equal foresights and backsights, as soon as the steep slope is passed, enough unequal sights shall be taken to make each set balance.

11.    Distance along railroads may be taken by counting rails; at other times stadia or pacing may be used.

12.    The instrument must always be leveled carefully before setting the target. After setting it and before giving the signal “all right” the level bubble must be examined. One rod, No. 1 or 2, should always be read first, so that one rod is used as foresight first at one set-up and as backsight first at the next set-up. The bubble tender shall always stand on the same side of the level tube when reading is made, moving around the tripod as the level tube is reversed.

13.    The level must be examined daily or oftener, if necessary, for adjustment, the especially important adjustments being those of the line of collimation and of the level bubble.

14.    The steel pins furnished must be used as turning points in all cases. These shall be firmly driven in the ground, and the backsight pin shall not be removed until the foresight reading is completed and the recorder and rodman have compared results on the backsights.

15.    Plumbing levels must always be used on leveling rods and must be kept in adjustment.

16.    Bench marks or turning points left at the termination of work at night, or for rain or other causes, must be selected with great care and located in such manner that there will be no danger of their being disturbed or tampered with, in order that the rod may again be held on the exact spot.

17.    Permanent bench marks shall be clearly described not only with reference to the nearest base line station, but also to existing and easily identified features of the ground. A sketch shall be made showing the location of the bench mark and the reference marks referred to.

18.    All circuit closures or checks by duplicate lines shall be distinctly noted and a reference made to the check levels.

19.    On duplicate lines of levels, the error of closure of the two runnings shall fall within .02 \r distance in miles between benches, and if the error be greater, the lines shall be rerun.

20.    On lines run between canal survey bench marks of survey of 1901, the error of closure shall fall within .05 V distance in miles between benches, as compared with the levels of the survey of 1901 or the lines rerun.

21.    The instrument shall at all times be protected from the direct rays of the sun; by an umbrella, when set up and by being covered by a black cloth when being moved.

22.    The instrument when set up shall be protected from high winds by a canvas screen.

STADIA WORK.

1.    A stadia party, under general conditions, will consist of one Assistant Engineer, one leveler, one rodman, two or three chainmen and one or two laborers.

The Assistant Engineer will be in charge of the party and the details of the organization; as to who shall act as the observer at the instrument, and who shall do the sketching will be left to his judgment, subject in all cases to the approval of the Resident Engineer.

2.    A careful sketch shall be made, in a separate book, if necessary (not necessarily to scale), of the area mapped. Upon this sketch shall be shown the location of the shots taken, natural and artificial features, also the shape of the ground by contours.

3.    The recorder, who will record the readings as called out to him by the observer, shall note the character of all shots taken, whether a contour point (c. p.), a fence corner (f. c.), a stream (str.), a ditch, a water-edge (w. e.), etc., using such abbreviations for this as may be convenient. In the back of each note-book an index of the abbreviations used must be recorded; also an index of the notes to be found in the books; this index to be filled out after each day’s work.

The recorder should have certain numbers for each rodman, prefacing these with the initial of the rodman’s name, or some such arrangement as will, at all times, enable both the rodman and the recorder and the man doing the sketching, to use corresponding numbers.

4.    Each rodman shall keep a record of the number and character of the points at which he holds his rod, briefly noting these upon a slip of paper tacked on the back of his stadia rod. Each rodman should also be provided with a blank note-book in which, if occasion requires, or he is authorized to do so by the man in charge of the party, he can make a plain sketch, joining up the shots taken in any area which he may be assigned to work up, and which may be either inaccessible to, or too far removed from the man doing the sketching to make an intelligent sketch of the same.

At the intervals of each 10 or 20 shots, the rodman should call out the number of his shot to the recorder and the man making the sketches, to prevent any confusion in numbers. When the day’s work is finished, these slips of paper used by the rodman shall be compared with the recorder’s notes, and any omissions in his notes supplied; after which the usefulness of the slips of paper ceases and they can be destroyed.

5.    All stadia notes must be reduced, checked and kept up to date, for difference of level and elevation, in order that a constant check may be had on the work, and any corrections or omissions necessary, supplied while the party is in the immediate neighborhood of the work.

6.    Transit line azimuths and Y level elevations of transit points with their coordinates, will be furnished stadia parties, upon which to base their work; also sketches showing the location of the base line and tie measurements to reference points, to enable the finding of the transit hubs.

7.    The work will be plotted on mounted map sheets, which will be furnished the stadia parties from the Resident Engineer’s office, with the transit line plotted thereon by coordinates. No azimuth of lines except that indicating the true meridian through some azimuth or transit station, need be written on the maps. These

„ sheets, when not in use, must be kept in map cases provided for the purpose, and care must be taken to prevent shrinkage. The stadia parties will use the same system of coordinates as the transit party, and base the coordinates of all stadia circuits thereon.

8.    On days unfit for field work, the members of the party shall be engaged in the [reduction of notes, the plotting of shots taken and the drawing in of all natural and artificial features in pencil only. When this work is completed on the sheets, they will be sent to the office of the Resident Engineer.

9.    The stadia parties employed on each division should be designated in some way to distinguish the work of one party from the other, designating them as stadia party “A,” “B,” or “C.”

10.    Stakes shall be driven only where instrument stations are located, or where it is proposed to start new stadia lines. For these points a small oak stake, 2 inches square by 12 inches long, should be used, driven about flush with the ground, with a tacked center, and a guard-stake, similar to that used by transit parties, driven near the same, upon which will be marked the number of the station, the designation of the party, and a sign designating it as a stadia station, as shown by the conventional signs.

11.    Each stadia party will begin its work with No. 1 as the first stadia station occupied, and will carry consecutive numbers through the work for all stadia stations. Points belonging to this or other surveys which are connected with or tied to, should be recorded.

12.    The notes of all main stadia circuits shall be plotted by coordinates and the elevations reduced from printed tables furnished for that purpose. All minor circuits may be plotted direct by azimuth, and all side readings reduced from diagrams furnished.

13.    The value of the divisions between stadia wires in each instrument must be determined by careful readings taken between the targets of a level rod over a carefully measured distance of 1,000 feet, readings being taken at intervals of each 200 feet. In laying off this measured base, the focal distance of the instrument used, which is assumed at 1.4 feet, must be considered. The distances in this case would be as follows, as measured from the center of the instrument.

600.56

700.42

800.28

900.14

1,000.00

101.26,

201.12,

300.98 400.84 500.70

A reduction of .14 is made in each 100 feet, the reading by stadia at a distance of 1,000 feet being equal to the measured distance; the stadia diagrams and tables to be used being based on this. The value of the divisions between the outside wires, as well as between each outside wire and the center wire must be recorded in a book kept for that purpose, giving the name of the instrument-maker and its number. This will be essential in dividing any future rods needed. Stadia rods will be divided in accordance with these determinations. The initials of the instrument-maker and the number of the instrument for which the rods are graduated must be painted on each rod. A blue print will be furnished each party, showing the method of painting stadia rods.

14.    Stadia circuits of from two to three miles in length, exclusive of the transit line, should check for azimuth on the transit line, or on other stadia circuits run, within a limit of five minutes after the correction is made for the convergence of meridians. The error in elevations for this distance should not exceed five-tenths of a foot, the error in the length of the circuit should not exceed the limit of 1 in 800, and the average should not be greater than 1 in 1,800.

The error in the circuit should be found by dividing the length of the hypothenuse of a right angle triangle as obtained from the closing error in latitude and departure, into the length of the stadia portion only of the circuit, the length of the transit line, if any, not being included in the length of the circuit. In circuits run, in which the limit of error for closure in direction or elevation exceeds that stated in these instructions, it shall be brought to the attention of the Resident Engineer for his decision as to whether the work shall be rerun or not.

15.    In developing contours along the line of the existing canals, where enlargement is contemplated practically along the present lines, such a width of section shall be mapped on each side of the canal and such details taken as will affect the cost of the estimate of the enlargement. For a canal of 12 feet depth, a width at water-surface of 150 feet can be assumed as a guide to the carrying out of the above instructions. Where bends are proposed to be cut off, or curves flattened, all data shall be taken necessary for making a careful estimate of the cost. The inner angle of the canal shall be carefully located by sufficient readings at all changes of direction. Connection shall be made, wherever practicable, with “The Blue Line” right of

way.

Wherever possible, at intervals of 500 feet, a cross-section of the bottom of the canal should be taken by stadia readings.

16. The Assistant Engineer in charge of the party should impress upon the rodman the importance of a quick, systematic selection of characteristic points and a thorough appreciation of the value of these points. The value of work done, the purpose for which it is to be

used, and the speed with which it can be accomplished, largely depend upon the careful attention to these details.

17.    Careful consideration should be given to the scale upon which the work is to be plotted, and sufficient contour points taken to show the changes of surface on that scale.

18.    In addition to the contour points, all buildings, timber lands, roads, culverts, fences, streams, outcrops and the kind of rock, etc., must be located. Property lines, with the names of the owner, shall also be given, except in the case of small lots in towns or villages.

19.    Where structures exist along the line of the proposed new canal, or along the line of the present canal to be enlarged, the details of these structures should be given, and the character of any building designated, whether brick or frame, its condition, whether good, fair or poor, and the number of stories.

20.    When mapping an area outside of the limit of the proposed canal excavation, but which may be intended for spoil banks or overflow area, the section mapped may be generalized, the object in this case being principally to find the value of the land to be occupied and of any improvements thereon.

21.    The width, depth and cross-section of stream for high, low and medium stages shall be determined wherever possible, and any information regarding extreme high-water marks or flood heights obtained along the line of the survey, shall be rioted with the name and address of the informant, the elevation of the water, the date at which it occurred, and the circumstances connected therewith, whether due to melting ice, snow, ice gorges, or ordinary rains.

22.    The observer should have a system of signals for his party that will enable him to direct each rodman quickly to make any special location desired. One point should be constantly in the mind of the Assistant Engineer in charge of each party, viz., that all work done should be so performed that when a station is once occupied, all desired information may be obtained, and care should be taken to avoid duplication of work, except where this may be necessary to correct errors found in the notes, or to supply additional data.

23.    It is absolutely essential that an ample number of contour points be taken along the proposed location of the canal proper, so that when the notes are reduced and plotted, contours at two-foot intervals may be drawn in correctly, cross-sections plotted from the maps and a careful estimate made of the quantity of material to be excavated.

24.    A copy of conventional signs to be used on the finished maps will be furnished each party. As far as possible, without any delay

in the progress of the field work, these conventional must be used in the note-books themselves and in the marking of any stakes that are driven on the ground, in order that uniformity may exist between all field and office work of each party. No attempt shall be made at any fancy lettering in note-books, the object being that the notes shall be neat and clear and easily understood.

SOUNDINGS.

1.    A sounding party will, under general conditions, consist of the same organization as the stadia party, boats being used when required.

2.    Range stakes for soundings will be set in advance of the soundings, either by the sounding party itself or by the stadia party, according to the conditions, and instructions from the Resident Engineer. Range stakes shall be designated by the letters R or L, according to their location on the right or left bank of the stream, looking down stream, and the number of the range, as “ R 16’’ or “L 2.”

3.    Sounding ranges should be located at intervals not exceeding 100 feet along all streams. Soundings should be taken at about 25-foot intervals along each sounding range, these instructions to be varied to suit any conditions found, the object being to take sufficient soundings in the bed of any river or stream to enable the accurate drawing of two-foot contours, the same as over the area outside of the limits of the stream or river. Where the depth of the water does not exceed 10 or 12 feet, sounding rod should be used. When feasible, soundings should be taken through the ice.

4.    The character of the material, as far as the same can be determined by the man making the soundings, shall be called out to the recorder and recorded in his note-book; also any outcrops of rock or other information of value in connection with the future classification of the material.

5.    Transit line sketches and elevations of the transit points by Y level with the coordinates of these points will be furnished the sounding party, the same as the stadia parties, as a basis for their work.

6.    Any stadia circuits run for the setting of sounding points shall be tied into the transit line as a check for direction and elevation at from one to three-mile intervals. Soundings should always be taken going down-stream, if possible.

7.    The elevation, and any information bearing on high-water marks, shall be noted as instructed under the heading of “Stadia Parties.” The elevation of the water-surface of any stream,, river or lake sounded shall be noted at each range taken and a note made whether the water-surface is at low, medium or high stage, and a rough estimate made of the velocity of the water.

BORINGS.

1.    A boring party will consist of one foreman, three or tour laborers, and one team to transport one or more boring parties and to haul the water used in boring.

2.    Borings shall be made at such intervals along the line of the proposed canal location or enlargement as may be necessary t'o develop the depth and profile of the rock surface, if within the limits of possible excavation for canal prism or structures; also to determine the character of the material to be excavated, in order that when the maps are plotted a correct estimate may be made of the character of the work and the kind of each material proposed to be excavated.

3.    The location of each boring must be made with reference to the station of some stadia line or transit line, or connected with such existing features on the ground as have been already located, in order to accurately locate the boring on the map; also the elevation of the surface of the ground or water-surface of the river at which the boring is made shall be determined.

4.    The man in charge of each boring party shall see that careful measurements are taken at each change of material found in the borings and a sample preserved in bottles or boxes furnished for that purpose.

5.    It is desired to firmly impress upon those in charge of these borings the importance of the correct determination of the rock surface. This can generally be determined either by shifting the location of the boring and putting down an additional hole, or dropping down one or more sticks of powder and firing them with a battery, after raising the casing pipe three or four feet.

6.    A careful record must be kept by the man in charge of each boring party, in note-books furnished for the purpose, of the character of each kind of material penetrated, the depth of the penetration, and a sample preserved of each class of material.

7.    Boring parties will be under the control of such Assistant Engineer or other employee as the Resident Engineer in charge of the section may designate, but the laborers composing the party will be under the immediate control of the Foreman in charge.

8.    Borings will be made by the use of steel rods, “wash boring outfit/’ earth or rock drilling outfit, earth auger, or by such other means as the State Engineer or his Deputy shall direct.

DATA REQUIRED REGARDING PRESENT AND PROPOSED

STRUCTURES.

Make a location map on the standard sheets to a scale of fifty feet to one inch, showing in detail all natural and artificial objects adjacent to present or proposed structures. For present or proposed bridges show all topography within a radius of 1,000 feet.

Plot upon the plan contours in 2-foot intervals except where slope is so steep that the number of lines in a small space will be confusing, when 10-foot intervals may be used.

Make a profile on the line of the highway showing the present and proposed grades thereof. If on a section of the canal subject to a fluctuating water-surface, note and report all observed or recorded high-water marks.

Also designate in figures upon the plan the elevation of each point observed in taking level notes.

Make a profile of the center line of the proposed canal showing thereon the elevation of the proposed water-surfaces, the bed of the present stream or of the present or proposed canal, the character of the material to be encountered and the elevation of the rock surface.

All cross-sections taken are to be plotted to a scale of 1 inch = 20

feet.

On the location map show the position of all borings or soundings taken as well as the elevation of the rock or other hard material encountered.

Take one or more photographs of existing structure or location with a view to illustrating general, as well as special features. Include as far as possible all points which will aid in the preparation of design for new structure. Photographs to be from 5x7 plates, velox paper, unmounted, and forwarded with the other data furnished for the location.

The following table shows data regarding existing or proposed bridges to be filled out as far as possible in the Division Engineer’s offices and sent to the State Engineer:

1.    Clear span.

2.    Skew.

3.    Width of roadway on bridge.

4.    Width of sidewalks on bridge.

5.    Width of roadway on approach.

6.    Width of sidewalks on approach.

7.    Grade of approaches.

8.    Nature of traffic.

9. Fixed or lift bridge.

10.    Trolley line.

11.    Number of tracks.

12.    Size of trolley cars.

13.    Width of trolley cars.

14.    Length of trolley cars.

15.    Height of trolley cars.

16.    Total weight loaded.

17.    Number and spacing of trucks.

FOR LIFT BRIDGES.

18.    Power available, water or electric.

19.    Water—maximum and minimum pressure.

20.    Cost to State of water per 1,000 gals.

ELECTRIC POWER.

21.    Reliable or not.

22.    Current, alternating or direct.

23.    Voltage.

24.    If alternating, phase and frequency.

25.    Cost of electric power to State per kilowatt.

26.    Whether bridge is near canal aqueduct in lock where canal water

may be used for developing power.

27.    Location of water mains.

28.    Location of sewers and elevation grade and flow line.

MAP WORK.

All location or right-of-way maps will be plotted originally on mounted egg shell paper, on sheets 24 in. by 36 in. For detail drawings a border line will be drawn 2 in. from the left edge of the sheet and 1 in. from all other edges and the working line of the drawing will be ^ of an inch inside of the border line.

The working line on location maps shall be 2 in. from the left edge of the sheet, but may extend to the other edges of the sheet if required. Consecutive location maps should have the topography carried to the upper, lower or right edge of the sheet so that a junction may be made with following sheets.

Mounted egg shell paper, cut in sheets of standard size, will be furnished from the State Engineer’s office to the Division Engineers.

A title sheet showing a general map of the entire division on a scale of five miles per inch, either lithographed, traced or on a Van Dyke print, shall accompany the letting plans. Location maps

for letting shall show topography, right of way, center line of canal, etc., on a scale of 100 feet to an inch.

On contract drawings the center line of the proposed canal shall be shown in a solid red line, the front angles in solid green lines, and the lines limiting the bottom width in broken green.

In sections of the country covered by U. S. D. W. sheets, all surveys made by this survey should be plotted on new sheets to a scale of 100 feet to the inch, $,nd then any necessary topography not covered by the present surveys transferred thereto from U. S. D. W. sheets.

Maps of the canal survey of 1900, covering the route of the Barge canal improvement, plotted on any other scale, shall be replotted where necessary to a scale of 100 feet to the inch.

All transit line and stadia circuit surveys shall be plotted by latitudes and departures. The origin of coordinates used on the canal survey maps of 1900 or those of the U. S. D. W. maps shall be used in calculating coordinates of the later surveys, covering the country shown on the maps of the former surveys.

Elevations shown on the maps of the canal survey of 1900 or on those of the U. S. D. W. Survey, when transferred to the maps of later surveys, should be corrected to correspond to the bench mark elevations shown in the 1901 list of bench marks under the column headed “Mean tide New York, 1901.”

DRAWINGS OF PLANS OF STRUCTURES.

Standard drawings of plans for masonry and timber structures shall be drawn generally upon a scale of 4 feet to 1 inch. Standard plans of all structures will be made in the office of the State Engineer, in Albany. Plans of retaining walls, wash walls, puddle and slope walls will be furnished to the Division Engineer, who shall adapt them to the special locations of his division.

CONTRACT DRAWINGS.

Contract drawings shall show the location and the profile of the center line of the canal with typical cross-sections taken at various points, showing excavation, embankment and combinations of both, the elevation of the top of the proposed spoil banks, and standard or special plans of each structure.

Contract drawings shall show the location of borrow pits and spoil banks.

CROSS-SECTIONS.

Cross-sections shall be plotted on sheets of engraved cross-section paper, furnished from the Albany office. The scale used on cross-

sections shall be 20 feet to an inch vertical and horizontal. On the cross-sections the surface of the ground will be shown by a full black line, the surface of the rock by a full blue line, and the limits of excavation, embankment, or structures, will be shown in red. The locality of the survey and the stations covered on any one sheet should be noted at the upper right hand corner of the sheet.

Templates made of heavy celluloid may be used to draw the different standard sections.

In using the term and designating the rate of slope of the sides of pits or other excavations, of embankments, etc., adopt the expression 1 on 1, 1 on 2, 1 on 3, or 2 on 1, 3 on 1, etc., as the case may be, the first term of the expression to designate the rise or vertical height and the second, the departure or horizontal extent of the slope.

LOCATION OF TRIAL CENTER LINE.

A trial location of the proposed center line will be projected in the Division Engineer’s office, subject to the approval of the State Engineer. Trial sections or trial location lines should not be inked in on the maps or cross-sections until approved by the State Engineer.

In locating the proposed center line on sections when the present canal is followed, the old tow-path slope is to be disturbed as little as possible, and, in general, the new slope of the canal on what is now the tow-path side of the old canal is to be so located that the new slope will be in embankment rather than in excavation. From the location of the new slope, the location of points on the proposed center line shall be placed on the map, and a location projected through them striking as many of the points as practicable. Tangents shall be extended to their intersection, the angle of intersection determined, and a regular curve adopted striking the greatest number of trial center points. Where practicable the degree of curve used should be a multiple of 2', as 1° 20', 1° 22', 1° 24', etc., for convenience in locating the carve instrumentally. The maximum curvature used shall not exceed 4° except in special cases to be determined by the State Engineer when a 5° curve may be used. The beginning and ending of the curve, the degree of curvature and, where practicable, the center of the curve, should be noted on the maps.

COMPUTATION OF QUANTITIES.

1. The area of excavation, embankment or backfill may be taken from the cross-section sheets by planimeter.

In calculating the volume of excavation or embankment the method of averaging end areas shall be used, as required by the laws of the State of New York.

2. The excavation and embankment computation books shall show the station of the section, the area of the section in square feet, - giving earth excavation, rock excavation and embankment, and the volume between sections in cubic feet and cubic yards.

CLEARING.

The item of clearing shall include the removal of all trees, bushes, stumps, decayed or growing vegetable matter above the surface of the ground.

GRUBBING.

The item of grubbing will include the removal of all vegetable matter below the surface of the ground over areas upon which embankments are to be built. Grubbing will only be estimated on areas on which embankment or backfill is to be placed.

EXCAVATION.

Earth excavation for structures, where the surface of the ground extends above the top of the wall, shall be estimated not only for the amount necessary for the structure itself, but also as sloping up 1 to 1 from 2 feet outside the back of the foot of the wall to an intersection with a horizontal line across the top of the wall, and from there on a to 1 slope to the natural surface. Where the surface of the ground is below the top of the wall, excavation shall be estimated as sloping up 1 to 1 from 2 feet outside the back of the foot of the wall to an intersection with the natural surface. Rock excavation for structures shall be estimated as herein stated for earth excavation except that slopes will be 10 on 1.

In calculating the excavation for the canal prism, the standard lines on the section shall be used without any additional excavation for structures, puddle, wash wall, etc. The excavation for structures, puddle, wash walls, etc., shall be estimated as excavation for structures.

FORMING EMBANKMENT AND BACKFILL.

In earth excavation, where the surface of the ground extends above the top of vertical walls, backfill shall be estimated as sloping up 1 to 1 from 2 feet outside the back of the foot of the wall to an intersection with a horizontal line across the top of the wall. Where the surface of the ground is below the top of a vertical wall, backfill shall be estimated as sloping up 1 to 1 from 2 feet outside the back of the foot of the wall to an intersection with the natural surface, also as extending back horizontally from the top of the completed wall 16

feet from face of the wall, then sloping down to the natural surface with slope of 1 on 1£.

In rock excavation, backfill behind retaining walls shall be estimated as extending from the back of the wall to the neat lines of the rock excavation behind the wall, and then follow the lines noted above for backfill in earth.

The lines of excavation or backfill for other structures will be noted on the standard plans therefor.

All material necessary for forming embankments of the canal or for backfill for structures will be included in the estimate under the heading “Forming Embankment.” Wherever it is necessary to borrow any material for forming embankments, the material will be paid for under the head of “Excavation from Borrow Pits.” In the estimate this borrowed material will be kept separate from the regular excavation for the canal.

SPOIL BANKS.

The inner edge of all spoil banks are to be kept at least five feet away from the edge of the canal excavation.

Area for spoil banks, where practicable, is to be arranged so that in earth cuts the height of the spoil banks will be double the depth of the earth before excavation with a maximum height of twenty-five feet, and with sufficient width to provide for a spoil equal to the cubic contents of the earth before excavation.

Spoil banks for earth shall have side slopes on the edge toward the canal of 1^ feet to 1.

Spoil banks for rock are to be arranged so that the cubic contents of the spoil will be 1.9 times the cubic contents of the rock before excavation.

Rock spoil banks must not be higher than twenty-five feet, with side slopes 1 on 1.

RIGHT OF WAY.

The area of the right of way required for canal prism, overflow, spoil banks and structures, shall be calculated and a list prepared of the buildings to be taken or condemned. The name of the owner, the character of the building, including its dimensions and number of stories and materials of which it is built, shall be noted.

Wherever possible, inquiry should be made to determine the fair selling value of the buildings or land for use in making estimates.

The land to be taken should be classified as city, village, farm, swamp. Wherever damage will be done to water-powers, whether the entire property is to be taken or not, an estimate should be made of the probable damage.

The area of the land to be paid for as “submerged land” will be determined as follows: All land should be classified as “submerged” which will be flooded by a discharge of one-third of the maximum navigable stage of the streams, and also lands which are less than 2 feet above this stage.

To determine the area of right of way to be taken where the land is not to be submerged, take typical cross-sections of the proposed location and determine therefrom the width required for embankments, cuts, pools, spoil banks, and borrow pits. Add 15 feet on each side beyond this width for ditches, fences, etc., for the limits of the total right of way. Join the limits of right of way as determined above on each side of the canal by a dotted line on the map.

The area of the present right of way owned by the State should be determined and, where possible, its limits noted on the maps.

ITEMS FOR ESTIMATES.

In making estimates, items of each of the classifications for each structure shall be calculated and tabulated on standard forms which will be furnished from the State Engineer’s office.

GENERAL.

1.    All men in the Department will be expected and required to be courteous in their treatment of each other and the general public.

Intemperate habits will be deemed sufficient cause for the prompt dismissal of any employee.

2.    In making surveys care must be taken to do as little injury as possible to private property.

3.    Employees must promptly carry out the instructions received and in case such instructions are not thoroughly understood, the person receiving them should ask his immediate superior to explain them, to the end that the desired results shall be secured.

4.    Employees must not deviate from instructions received.

5.    The specified degree of accuracy should be obtained with the least expenditure of time and money compatible therewith.

H. A. VAN ALSTYNE,

State Engineer and Surveyor.

Approved May 30, 1904.

EDWARD A. BOND, Chairman. WM. A. BRACKENRIDGE, ELMER L. CORTHELL. ALFRED B. FRY.

THOMAS W. SYMONS.

Submitted to and approved by the following Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers.

INDEX TO CHAPTER 147, LAWS OF 1903.

Section.

<M <N CO

1—1 r—l

Abandonment of lands:

Proceeds from.....

Advisory Board.......

Appropriation of lands:

Award...........

Court of Claims. .. Duplicate copies...

Filing copy.......

Map.............

Serving owner.....

Survey...........

Time of service....

Ballots, form of.......

Bonds:

Advertising for bids................

Amount..........................

Exempt from.....................

Interest..........................

Issue, annual......................

Payment.........................

Preparing.........................

Surplus from......................

Tax..............................

Years to run......................

Canal Board:

Approval.........................

Authority........................

Majority vote.....................

Records..........................

Commencement of work................

Contracts for all work to be done:

Additional cost....................

Advertising.......................

Approval by Attorney-General......

Bids opened......................

Bond, contractor’s.................

Canceling contract.................

Completing work..................

Completing any item exceeding 15%

Deposit..........................

Excess of bids.....................

Eorfeiture of deposit...............

Form of advertisement.............

Limitations of advertisement........

Notifications on excess of 15%......

Rejection of bids..................

Reletting.........................

Contracts for all work to be done—Continued:

Return of deposit...................

Stopping work.........................

Triplicate, contracts in..................

Waiving of advertisement...............

Deputy, special.............................

Dimensions:

Canal prism in land section..............

Canal prism in villages and cities.........

Canal prism in rivers and lakes...........

Canal prism to Lock No. 2...............

Locks..................................

Clearance...........................

Section ~

7'

05 M M 03 W W

Drafts:

To contractor....................

To State Engineer and Surveyor... To Superintendent of Public Works For lands appropriated or damaged

Estimates...........................

Feeder, Orville.......................

Harbors:

CO CO CO CO

rH rH rH rH

Syracuse.....................

Rochester........................

Inspection............................

Maps and specifications:

Approval of Canal Board...........

Changes in........................

Changes increasing cost.............

Extra work.......................

Filing............................

Measurements.........................

Monthly estimates.....................

Navigation:

Closing from November 5 to May 15

Exceptions.......................

Onondaga lake outlet...................

Payment.............................

Quantities............................

Reservoirs............................

Resident Engineers....................

Routes:

oo

oo w ?!

Champlain canal............

Erie canal, Eastern Division. Erie canal, Middle Division. . Erie canal, Western Division

Oswego canal..............

Deviations from route.......

Sections for contract work.......

Specifications and maps:

Approval of Canal Board Changes in.................

co to w M eo M

Specifications and maps—Continued:

Section.

03

Changes increasing cost.........

Extra work. .•............

Filing........................

Structures:

Bridges.......................

Buoys........................

Culverts......................

Dams........................

Guard-locks...................

Locks........................

Lock at Fort Bull.............

Slope walls...................

Spillways.....................

Stop gates....................

Vertical walls.................

Weigh-lock at Albany..........

Surplus from bonds................

Title.............................

Vote of the people.................

Water-supply:

Amount of supply.............

The following orders, amending the general instructions, have been issued by the Special Deputy State Engineer from time to time as required:

Order No. 1.

INSTRUCTIONS.

In using the term and designating the rate of slope of the sides of pits or other excavations, of embankments, etc., adopt the expression 1 on 1, 1 on 2, 1 on 3, or 2 on 1, 3 on 1, etc., as the case may be, the first term of the expression to designate the rise or vertical height and the second, the departure or horizontal extent of the slope.

Thus,-

expression of the rate of slope = 1 on 2, the I being the vertical side erected perpendicular on a base of 2.

Order No. 2.

“REPORTS”

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

Your attention is directed to paragraph 7, subject “Reports,” Book of instructions, which requires the Resident Engineer to make weekly and monthly reports to the Special Deputy State Engineer. Beginning with September 1st., inst., the Resident Engineer is required to furnish along with other matters of informa-

State of New York

Department of State Engineer and Surveyor

Residency No.

190. -

tion, that called for by the blank form herewith enclosed. A blank of this kind is to be filled out and forwarded with the monthly report regularly. I desire also with this first monthly report, an inventory of note books, maps, furniture, etc., all property of the State upon the Residency. In making out the monthly standing of your organization, please quote after the individual any change such as,

,etc.

reported

, leave of absence

, transferred

N. Y.,

Engineer in charge,

House address,.....

Office address,.....

Telephone address,.

ORGANIZATION.

Office,

Draughtsman. Draughtsman, etc.

Field,

Ass’t Engr. Leveler.

Rodman.

Chainman.

Laborer.

Order No. 3.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

"Contract Drawings.”

Hereafter all titles on contract drawings, and the words plan, profile, elevation, section, cross-section, longitudinal sections, will be placed upon the plans in this office, and therefore need not be lettered. Write in pencil the substance of the title in the place provided therefor, and the Words "Plan,” etc., where they are to be printed. The use of vellum in the reproduction of contract drawings is to be abandoned.

Hereafter but one copy of the contract drawings will be produced in the Office of Resident Engineer, and that one upon tracing cloth. Further reproductions will be made in this office.

Order No. 4.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

“Drilling or Boring Parties.”

When a drilling or boring party is at work upon your Residency, please report weekly in detail the progress made, the kind of machine used, and include also a statement of the total cost and cost per foot in each hole. When a hole is part in earth and part in rock, keep the cost in each separate, so that the statement of cost per foot will apply to the material penetrated.

Order No. 5.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

“Contract Drawings.”

The Resident Engineer is required to check all contract drawings in detail, and place his name upon each sheet of the drawings in the place prepared for it.

Order No. 6.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEER, ET AL.

“Recording Slips for Borings, Etc.”

There is herewith issued to you a tablet of slips intended to be filled out as indicated and pasted into the box containing specimens of material penetrated in boring or drilling. Please make use of them in recording information obtained.

A printer’s error has caused the slips all to be labeled “Middle Division.” In using these slips, correct with pen to correspond with the Division upon which the samples apply.

Order No. 7.

“APPROPRIATION MAPS.”

I desire that in the future the following instructions be followed in the preparation of all appropriation maps:

1.    Add the words “reputed owner” under the name of the owner, on the map.

2.    In place of the name of the owner, in the title use the words “the owner or owners,” so that the title on the map will read:

“Map of land to be appropriated by the State of New York from the owner or

owners in the Town of

County of.....................,

State of New York, for the use of the improved canals, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.”

Order No. 8.

GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS TO DIVISION AND RESIDENT ENGINEERS.

It seems best after experience and consideration to do at this office all the work required on plans for bridge location. Heretofore it has been understood that this office would prepare the plans for foundations and abutments, and so much of the earth work as would be necessary to excavate and backfill a pit, and that the Resident Engineer would make the plans and estimates for other work. Hereafter, except in special cases, the Resident Engineer will treat the location

as if no structure were to be erected, and make his plans and estimates for only the excavation and lining of the prism. He will furnish as heretofore a map of the location with profiles, cross-sections and borings, and all of the drawings and computations required to complete the plans and estimates for the crossing will be prepared at this office.

General Order.

“PHOTOGRAPHS.”

General Instructions to Division and Resident Engineers.

When making surveys for the purpose of making maps of lands and buildings proposed to be appropriated, please have taken, photographs of buildings upon the appropriated parcels. These photographs are to be forwarded with the appropriation maps.

These photographs are to be taken upon 6§ x 8$ plates, printed on velox paper, left unmounted, and forwarded flat i. e., not rolled.

Mark in pencil upon the back as follows, filling the blanks with the information required:—

“Parcel No. Appropriated Lands. Town. County.

From,—name of reputed owner.

Kind of building, dwelling, stable, shop, etc.

Photo by, —name of photographer and address.

Date,--

The mounting of the photographs will be done in Albany, also the numbering of the parcels.

Order No. 9.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

“Right of Way.”

The name of the owner of lands to be taken for right of way, as shown by the records in the office of the County Clerk must be ascertained by searching those records. Assign a competent regular employee to this work. The name of the owner, the number of the County Clerk’s record book and the page on which the record is to be found must be shown on the maps of the Canal Line, Thus;—

JOHN DOE.

Book—A.

Page 60.

Order No. 10.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING CONTRACT DRAWINGS FOR BRIDGE

ABUTMENTS.

1.    Show working lines by conventional dash and dot lines labeled.

2.    The working lines for bridge superstructures are the center lines of the trusses and the center lines of the pins. To these lines the drawings for bridge abutments must conform, and be tied. These lines and the elevation and size of bridge seats must be determined before the design of an abutment is begun. The clearance will be at least 15$ feet above high navigable stage.

3.    The working line of the canal is the monumented or staked line; on some stretches of the canal this is the base line of the survey, on others it is the center line of the canal.

4.    The working lines of the bridge layout are the working line of the canal, the center line of the bridge or roadway, and the face lines of the backwalls. These lines must be tied together, the station and plus of the canal line, and the necessary angles and distances being given.

5.    The intersection of the center line of the bridge with the face of the back-wall is to be the zero for dimensions on an abutment. The face of the backwall and a line perpendicular thereto through this zero point are the axis of measurements to which dimensions (on plans, elevation and sections) must refer as far as practicable, leaving only the dimensions that are to be adjusted to the elevation of the foundation to be determined in the field.

6.    A wing wall must be located by its neat line on footing course by rectangular coordinates. The plans of the embankment slope shall cut the wing wall 6 inches below the top of the coping, and parallel thereto.

7.    Show the material of the foundation by the proper conventional signs and by a descriptive word or note.

8.    The surface of rock will be shown by an irregular line in plan, elevation and section.

9.    Dimensions depending upon the elevation of the foundation are subject to variation and will be marked as follows “9' 6" abt.” Such dimensions will be treated as fixed and exact dimensions for preliminary estimates.

10.    All batters will be expressed as “ 12 on 1 ” or in other dimensions in this form, with all practicable simplicity.

11.    Show the excavation lines for the bottom at 1' 6" outside of the masonry lines with slopes depending on the material.

12.    Label the excavation lines and locate them by rectangular coordinates wherever practicable; for this purpose the elevation of foundation must be considered as known.

13.    When it is necessary to study two or more sheets in conjunction, make cross reference notes to the sheets by number.

14.    Show canal bottom, normal water-surface and maximum navigable water-surface on the principal section.

15.    Show on both “Plan” and “Elevation” where “Sections” are taken except where the elevation is directly over the plan.

16.    Give sufficient dimensions so that the quantities may be computed without scaling.

17.    Mark all classes of concrete used, showing clearly the dividing lines between classes.

Order No. 11.

RIGHT OF WAY.

Additional to “Right of Way”: After first paragraph, add “The location of buildings upon lands appropriated for canal purposes is to be shown upon the ‘ Maps of Appropriated Lands.’ Show the ground plan, dimensions and in a note adjacent to the building state the kind of foundation, the material of construction, the number of stories, the number of cubic feet in the building and its character and condition.”

“A blank form entitled ‘Information relative to Buildings upon appropriated lands’ is furnished the Resident Engineer. Fpon it is to be entered the information called for. The sheet when filled out is to be forwarded to Albany with the maps, photographs, etc., relating to appropriated lands.”

Order No. 12.

FOR THE GUARDING OF VACATED BUILDINGS UPON APPROPRIATED

LANDS.

When buildings upon appropriated lands are vacated upon order of the State Engineer, the Resident Engineer is required to take possession of the property and keys thereof, see that it is properly closed and locked, and place in charge a watchman or watchmen to guard and protect it.

Order No. 13.

Amending Order No. 2.

TO RESIDENT ENGINEERS, ET AL.

In General Order No. 2, issued September 1st, 1904, after the words “I desire also with this first monthly report” add the words “and monthly thereafter” so that the clause will read “I desire also with this first monthly report, and monthly thereafter, an inventory of note books, maps, furniture, etc., all property of the State upon the Residency.

Order No. 14.

AMENDING INSTRUCTIONS.

The following amendments are made in the “Instructions for Preliminary Work,” under subject “Notes and Records.”

Paragraph 3. The portion beginning, “Each transit, level, stadia, etc., book,” is to be amended to read as follows: “Each transit, level, stadia, etc., book must be recorded by the number under which it is issued from the State Engineer’s office, and this number only shall be used in designating the individual book.”

Paragraph 9 is amended to read as follows: “All note-books issued by the State Engineer to the Division Engineers will be numbered consecutively on the inside of the front cover. These numbers will be used in designating each book in the records of the Division and Resident Engineer’s offices.

f ))

Paragraph 9. Eliminate the following: “These numbers will have no connection with the numbers referred to in paragraph three, under 'Notes and Records.

Order No. 15.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR GUIDANCE OF COMPUTERS AND CHECKERS OF PRELIMINARY ESTIMATES FOR PLANS.

General.

Methods to be used.

All calculations must show the method by which the results were obtained, and the standard table or other source of information.

Excavation, Embankment, Puddle.

Dimensions used in calculation must be stated to within one-tenth of a foot. All volumes shall be calculated by the method of end areas.

Areas shall be computed by planimeter and shall be checked by planimeter, and calculations or computations so checked shall contain no difference greater than one per cent.

Checkers shall pass as correct all results except those which have an error greater than one-half of one per cent as shown by the slide rule.

Wherever plus stations occur in straight prism work owing to survey stations, the length used for the section shall be taken to the nearest foot.

Masonry.

Masonry shall be computed by the prismoidal formula.

Dimensions used in calculating masonry must be stated to within one-tenth of a foot.

Calculations of quantities must be made by numerical methods.

Sketches and details shown shall be of sufficient extent to clearly exhibit the form and dimensions of the structure so that therefrom the work may be readily laid out and constructed.

Checking shall be done with a slide rule.

Checkers shall pass as correct all results except those which have an error greater than one-half of one per cent as shown by the slide rule.

Timber and Plank.

The dimensions of timber and plank must be stated to the nearest inch.

The number of sticks of timber in a structure shall be determined within the following limits:

One per cent when the total is more than 5,000 units.

Two per cent when the total is between 5,000 and 1,000 units.

Three per cent when the total is between 1,000 and 500 units.

Four per cent when the total is between 500 and 100 units.

Five per cent when the total is less than 100 units.

Calculations of timber and plank must be correct to one foot board measure for any stick.

Sawn lumber will be calculated upon the measurement of the timber in the finished work.

Joints shall be estimated but once.

Round timber will be estimated by the full length called for by the plans.

Where sawed timber is cut away for the passage of round timber through it, no deduction will be made in the volume of the square timber.

Steel and Iron.

The weights of bolts, nuts, drift bolts, etc., not forming a part of bridges, shall be computed from standard tables of this Department and the results given to the nearest pound.

Order No. 16.

AMENDING STANDARD CROSS-SECTIONS.

The following amendments are made in the sheet of “Standard Cross-Section” approved July 5, 1904:

Make the berme bank on each side of the sections:

“Earth Section,”

“Earth and Rock Section,”

“Rock Section in Short Cuts,”

8 feet wide, instead of 8 feet and 6 feet as on the original.

Order No. 17.

GENERAL MAP OF CONTRACT.

Furnish with the drawings for each contract, a general map of the territory covered by the contract upon a scale of 1,000 feet per inch.

This map is to show the topography upon each side of the line to a sufficient extent to identify the location; also the property lines, the names of the owners of property appropriated for canal purposes or affected thereby, the right-of-way lines, and the location of spoil banks. The title will be added at Albany.

Order No. 18.

GENERAL MAPS OF APPROPRIATED LANDS.

Additional to, and Supplementing Orders Nos. 7, 9, 11, etc.

Prepare and forward with the Right-of-Way maps for each contract an index map on a scale of 500 feet to the inch, arranged so as to use to the best advantage, sheets of standard size or multiples thereof in length.

Show upon this map the parcels appropriated, using for identification a number adopted to correspond with a similar number temporarily given each appropriation map, pending the final numbering. Mark these numbers in pencil. Show also the whole of the piece of land of which a part only is taken, indicating the number of acres in each part. Indicate by conventional sign the use to which the land is put, i. e., whether it is cultivated, orchard, pasture, wooded, swamp or waste land. Show all buildings upon affected lands both inside and outside the appropriated areas.

In addition to the report of “information relative to buildings upon appropriated lands,” B. C. Form 49, furnish upon the same form the same information relative to buildings not within the right of way but upon lands, a portion of which has been appropriated for canal purposes.

This order is retroactive and is to apply to all contracts prepared to date, as well as to future ones.

Order No. 19.

DIMENSIONS SHOWN ON PLANS FOR STRUCTURES.

All dimensions on plans for structures shall be stated in feet and inches.

Order No. 20.

DESCRIPTION OF APPROPRIATED LANDS.

Additional to, and Supplementing Orders Nos. 7, 9, 11, 18, etc.

Where appropriations are made for land bordering on lakes or streams, whether the deed of the owner goes to the water’s edge or to the center of the stream, there should be added to the description on the appropriation map a statement in general as follows:

“And also all of the right, title and interest of the said reputed owner in the land in the bed of said stream; and also all of his right, title and interest as riparian owner.”

't

TRIMMING LINE 3e>"xe+’

■/%"

BORDERLINE ss"x23"

•/-

WORKING LI Ml T 32X31"

Note.

AH lettering an J figures

except where otherwise.

Specific J mi/stbe, iff Alack

awders /rearfy as aircu/n

^83

8*5

Note:

■A. u tottering errret t/give 3 to Ac written within the wor-tnng tiirirt:

NIAGARA RIVER

4Q+9i* SubBase

STOfte

---32— -

---33

--SO"--

Twdvemile Creefo

BUFFALO

Newfane

/84-S

«| 2 f 1

li

NJ •V.

e3

FRAME BAP ft

chv/tch

J'g ■§ 2

13“ *f o a

0 0Q«oOQ oOOO >»0 O    oC) • *«^} • • O % • •£) «*0 » 0(3

ftfczy/304:

„ r-e

23

-.se

tt

3¹

Large Streams Lakes,

JJ

ft

ft

Small-

Principal Cities, Islands

Small or unimportant towns,dr

Figures for Elevations

Borings

Figures for Soundings

Station o allredy except elevations

Budding

Railroad &

Electric or other Street Railways

Public Roads and' street lines

Private or Farnv Roads (notfenced/J

Hedge Fences

Stone

Wire.

ft

Bail/

Property Lines

CONVENTIONAL 5I&N5 fur MAP5 as authorized and issued by U. vS Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways and adopted for CANAL SURVEY under Chi pter 4/1, Laws of 1300.

J

LCI

DRAW

CANAL

__rP\HL &zt/L___

arrears

CO/Y70URS

' $ AIlBur/rtSic-n/ra.

( Co/rtotirs on f de/y/es s e c/<s-ea s fo Ae sAow/r Ay A rete/7 ///res.

A"

G. DEWEY Cultivated

it

■Sink

U-

IRON

r~~TP

BRIDGES

TRESTLE

DA M WHARF& DOCK TERRY

| f 1 I | u li

M.5HARP*

J Vine Yard t t 11 \ K t f 1 *

C'r&ek

SOUNDINGS

wooden

CULVERT

7312

³*

H) t) 13

^ pK/ogOXQ

\ snotv t -

"b "'*> *q *o

Hk

*

* Swamp

-*•-    <4.

** vt •% ie ■** **

%-

STONE

TOOT

Zl

8.M. I72

itt*§§S,rAO/A *<£*. (43z.er oud survey.

W H.VVHITE Woods \

sStrnd

County Boundary

1 BASE* 'H/iWAS£MN£S _

Alt red- except elevations

Size of names of Cities, Streams, Islands etc. are governed of course by their respective prominence- and space-

Cbntours to beat two feet intervals with- every 5*^ a little heavier and-showing the elevations thereof Both- to be in-burnt Sienna* As/hey are-the main- feature of the map to prepare estimate from-, noglaringpromi-nence- should be given- to other matter. Bachurina must be omitted The direction- of the Stadia-ElevatLons, tvhere the parallel clause is impracticable, mast be governed- by the tntdlupnce of the-draughtsman; aroldt/g confusion- andplacing them/ utthc easiestre-adallejocszpdt/ and- stilt where they belong the decimal point being the point cf e/e vat ion-.

Township Boundary

______GL*Cy/TUN£3______^

"• Bed except Line £ elevations $

Note: Size- of map sheets subject to revision.

Note;

y

i

?

■ >'

4

/

/

Transit Book.

Typical l eft-Band Tape.

Typ/ca/ B/pht- Banc/Tape.

3 (/jpi/eit- a 82+74!- to Mohawk Lock.

Date: Pug. 6, J9QO.

Obsr lamb.

Bee. Mead.

Stations.

Chain

Dist.

Ver A.

\/er 3.

Stac//a

D/'st

Sketches & Bern arks.

n 95112.2$

S.f.cor ofChimne v.

B.S.on b 82*74-

//jsi. af b)[8*66.1!

645.95 24/'29' 61*29' 227-48’

63*42 243°-42' 390

inst K. 8 C. 270$ Tape No. 7

95+

Suet

IS Took in stake.

$/ ,-9S+lZp

a//tree. Crk.

C l.?6

94+*'7.5

Tack in stoke.

8ooi_

K..

HAW

a 38* 60S    586.16

S. 2. Cor Szfreme top of

fa// 3r/ck Chimn yakeac

3.3. on Q 76/5!9^

243*42

.234°52' 13°-0o'

Inst <fe/ b 8c > 74—

63*42'

IpfW'!

Lock

43

259° M 620

1^1

lV|

94+06 Ho Ho+y Quoin.

V.

92+05 Ho/fow Quoin. vk

$

,c'    Tack in -pas/

88+66.22 ^6/'' Tack in Te/po/e.

Goo'

* Task in

$ post. ..    /

C 82*74—    ^-

Tack in

■fence post.

:■

■?

■

f;

4

■

I

.

'

;

*

/

;

i

j

Lei/e/ Poop.

Typ/ca/ feff-Pa/?c/ Pape.

Typ/caf P/pPf-ffa/7/f Pape.

/ - lese/s, JVesf; fferfc/mer /o OaeJofa Co. 2/r?e.

___ Dc?fe,'    flu a. /& /OOO.

>$

ft

Staf/ons

+5.

f/J.

-5.

P/eK

S/refcPes PeroarPs efc.

PM.P0./6

/586

432. S/6

43/230

TP

4.03/ 432.253

4654

428./62

328^25^

4505 42J.148

dff./Vo. /& /j id c/ro/e cuf Jr? square Jr? 5.3 cor. of fewer step of * ~osf w/Pp Tow Puff? /hop of Pee ftJire Bnc/pe B/er. = 43/. 230 J3.7>off /Jne of 5fa. 325+ 6 °-

TP.

5.50/ 433.045 4.804-

4Z7.440

324-h 85 3

4.348 4Z8.091

szssyp;

«$: ! b

};

6juv/jl

TP

3.757 429.283

TP

3.304- 432.55/

4.64-6 427.94/

^ Oase

!

X

'

?■

i

t

5tcrc//0 Book.

Typ/ccr/ Left-ftc/ncf Pape.

Typ/ca/ P/phf-f/anct Pape.

Survey:- H/h/teha// Creeknearo A 839+6/.

/nsf B.XB. 2679.

Da/e', A ay. /7, /900.

Ohsr De/7/7/s.

Pec. fte/m/ck.

Oh/ecf-

A / /muth.

Fee A.

l/ien 8.

B/'sf.

l/ert

D/ffof

Any.

£/ev.

£/ev.

Sketches, /remarks, etc.

/nsf

at © 8-23 ?

//./.=

a A 1286+87.

8T- 08' 267-08

446

4.93 -A-25'

-r-2s'

-//04

442.00

Check ay'/n.

45'- /S'

Peak of Wh/te h ouse.

4-1

east T8. d/tch.

29°-43'

634

-2* 06

-23/

4/8.9

Sketches

2-1

5.6. cor. House ■

/°- 07'

283

-4"15' -no

h Sketch Back A/a. /02, Pp. /2-/3

42/.0

/-/

F. ff/dye •

' 4-Z

Fdye of read.

64°-23'

343°-34'

/0/2

-fie'

-22.4

4/9.6

588

-t-52' -/9./

422.9

\

I

-

\

.

■rs. •.

■

. > .

c\

Sounct/np Book.

Typ/ca/ Left-Bane/ Pape.

7yp/ca/ tf/phf-Pane/ Pape.

Sue vex:— /Sa/c/yy/n5w//e to Co/5 5pr/hp.

/Tate: Tune 27, 7900.

Oftsr

Pec. Atapu/re.

D/st Depth E/ev.

Panp1-350 to ft-350 MS. /2.5'E. of L-350

E/e * of 1-350 =    3654

14/5.36*beU w L-350

Note:— Date otezryed for nezf ffanae may he /force<5 on th/s pape /f c/es/reT.

0.0    36/3

/2    2.5    +359.3

25    3.5    356.3

50

356.8

330    0.0    36/. S

£.5. 7.0'H £-350

!

?

$

*

!?

.

}

.

?

;

i

?

*

i

.

'

*

\ -V

;

)

c.

>>

;

\

I

!

A

5

.v*“. r

V

■ f

r.

j

*:

\

* v

1

i

Jr

C.

/

■t

i

i

i

Boring Book.

Typica/ Left-rianri Faye.

Typ/caf F/ghS-rinnc/ Faye.

S Uft VEY:-Fr/e Cana/, p M/. west of A Sams ftas/n.

f/o/e A/o.

Date; Sap // /90O.

/nsp. Fammonc/.

Foreman₎ Ma/ct/ner.

Mafer/a/.

Depth.

From To

£/ev

/Vo. of Samp/e.

Be/nar/cs.

A-/o/

£/e 2 o?r 6roa iri - 50a 9 Brave/, Banc/ft C/ay.    o /4./    495.8

Oppos/te f/o/e /Vo. D-54 which /s aft't. SOO ' west of Q ft 463 + 24

A-/oz

Bock of, /4./

4-95.6

§$■ v

H S'

*”*^**0

Spo/fj£~^ FooF^ 5

as.

Ct>

054

Q,/4pp/e,

H \I3s/,eJ.

ft//e of 0/4 ft ft. ties.

£/ev c f OroL oc/ =    5/0.8

Oravetriano/ftC/ay. o 9.4 SO/. 4 Bock at 9.4

S/refc:/? on p 22.

SO/ 4

'

• .

✓

•'    '    ' ■;    "v. '

<1

-'■y .

■

APPENDIX VII.

Rules Governing Construction.

Improvement of the Erie, Oswego and Champlain Canals, Under Chapter 147, Laws of 1903, Known as the Barge Canal Improvement.

ORGANIZATION.

The organization shall be as follows:

State Engineer and Surveyor. . Special Deputy State Engineer

Special Resident Engineer......

Division Engineer..............

Resident Engineer.............

Assistant Engineer............

........................Chief Engineer

. .In charge of Canal improvement work Principal Assistant to the Special Deputy

.................In charge of Division

...............In charge of Residency

...............In charge of a Contract

Revelers, Draughtsmen, Rodmen, Chainmen and Laborers.

Any Assistant Engineer, Leveler or Rodman may be assigned to duty as an inspector.

DIVISIONS AND SUBDIVISIONS.

rResidency No. l,from Congress street bridge, Troy, to lower Mohawk aqueduct.

'Erie

canal.

STERN DlVI-n. (All east^ cast line of eida county.

Champlain

canal.

Residency No. 2, from lower Mohawk aqueduct to old Lock 27.

Residency No. 3, from old Lock 27 to old Lock 34, at Mindenville.

Residency No. 4, from old Lock 34 to east line of U Oneida county.

"Residency No. 1, from junction of Barge canal at Waterford to foot of old Lock 10, neaiyNorth-umberland dam.

Residency No. 2, from foot of old Lock 10, near Northumberland dam, to the highway at Dunham’s Basin.

Residency No. 3, from highway at Dunham’s Basin to Lake Champlain.

''Erie

canal.

Middle Division. (From east line of Oneida county < to west line of town of Savannah, Wayne county.)

Oswego

canal.

rResidency No. 5, from east line to west line of Oneida county.

Residency No. 6, from west line of Oneida county to west line of village of Baldwinsville. Residency No. 7, from west line of village of Baldwinsville to west line of town of Savannah.

Residency No. 1, from Three River Point to Lake Ontario, at Oswego.

Western Division west line of town of Savannah. Wayne county)

of west Erie canal.

Residency No. 8, from west line of town of Savannah to west line of Wayne county.

Residency No. 9, from west line of Wayne county to west line of Monroe county.

Residency No. 10, from west line of Monroe county to head of Sulphur Springs guard-lock. Residency No. 11, from head of Sulphur Springs guard-lock to and through the city of Buffalo.

(The residencies correspond with the canal sections.)

Office.

Discipline.

Rearrangement of force.

The law.

Plans and specifications.

GENERAL (All Engineers).

1.    Each officer will be provided with an office properly equipped to conduct his business and a sufficient force to perform the duties prescribed.

2.    He will be responsible for the work of the men assigned to him. A careful supervision must be maintained over the work of subordinates, and they must be constantly employed. In cases of negligence, incapacity or insubordination, the person so offending shall be reported to the immediate superior officer, and if in the judgment of the complaining officer his offense justifies it, he may be suspended from duty pending the final disposition of his case.

3.    When in the progress of the work it becomes possible for the engineering force to be reduced, the fact must be immediately communicated to the immediate superior officer, so that there may be a rearrangement without loss of time.

4.    A copy of the law (chapter 147, Laws of 1903) governing this work is printed with these instructions. The attention of all engineers is directed to its provisions.

5.    Plans and specifications governing the work must be carefully studied. Work shall be done according to the plans, specifications and contract without variation or exception.

6.    No alteration shall be made in any map, plan or specification,

Alteration in eto.

■except with the consent and approval of the Superintendent of Public plans’ Works and the State Engineer.

7.    A condition requiring a change in plan shall be immediately reported to a superior officer. No attempt shall be made to rectify errors or omissions in plans or specifications, but the attention of the Errors and superior officer shall be immediately called to the error or omission pS^“etc.m upon its discovery.

course

8.    Engineers should be discreet in their intercourse with con-inter tractors, bearing in mind that it is their duty not only to require the contractors, •contractors to perform their work in accordance with the plans, specifications and contract, but also to afford such assistance to the contractors in carrying on their work as is consistent with the engineer’s obligations to the State.

9.    An Assistant Engineer will be required to furnish one transit in Furnishing of good condition, with vertical arc and level on the telescope and withinstrument9-fixed stadia wires arranged to read about one foot at a distance of

100 feet.

A Leveler will be required to furnish one Y level in good condition and suitable for the work.

A Rodman will be required to furnish a twelve-foot extension leveling rod with target and vernier.

Drawing instruments necessary in connection with the work must be furnished by the persons using them.

10. Books will be furnished by the State for making all records

Books fur-

and notes relating to the work. All such notes are the property of §t^ted by the the State and shall be delivered to the State Engineer upon demand during progress, or upon the close of the work, whether recorded in books furnished by the State or otherwise.

11.    Information relative to probable quantities of work done or to Giving of be done must not be given by the Assistant Engineer or his subordi-informatlon-nates to any contractor, subcontractor or any other person. Inquiries for such information must be referred to the Resident Engineer.

ees

12.    When an employee is detailed to act as an inspector it shall Employ be his duty to be in attendance upon the work at all times when inspection0 work is progressing, to require the contractor to execute the workduty' in accordance with the plans and specifications, to observe the instructions of the Assistant Engineer in charge of the contract and to make the reports required to the Assistant Engineer.

13.    All Levelers, Rodmen, Chainmen and Laborers shall perform Leveiers, the duties required of them and observe the instructions of the officer chapmen and

to whom they are assigned.

laborers.

To aid

Advisory

Board.

14. The law provides that the Advisory Board of Consulting: Engineers shall follow the progress of the work and report thereon from time to time. All engineers are hereby instructed and directed at all times to aid and assist the Advisory Board, as a whole or in part, in every way possible to a full knowledge and understanding of all the conditions of the work.

In charge of contract.

Presence on the work.

Making and recording measurements.

Report.

Preliminary estimate of quantities.

Foundations for structures.

Reestablish line and check levels.

Discrepancies in survey.

Cross-sections.

ASSISTANT ENGINEERS.

15.    The Assistant Engineer will be in immediate charge of a contract. He shall live upon the site or in the immediate vicinity thereof. He is required to be present upon the work, except when required by order or necessity to absent himself. If it is necessary to be absent he shall notifiT the Resident Engineer and assign an assistant to represent him.

16.    He, with his assistants, is to make and record all measurements, computations and estimates, to inspect the work as it progresses to see that it is done according to the plans, specifications and contract. All employees assigned to him are subject to his direction and control.

17.    He will report to the Resident Engineer.

18.    He will be furnished with the detail of the preliminary estimate of quantities, and is required to see that the work is done strictly in accordance therewith. This preliminary estimate is made from the plans prepared for and exhibited at the letting.

19.    Particular attention shall be paid to the nature of foundations for proposed structures. Before such foundation is used the Resident Engineer shall be notified and his approval secured.

Field Work,

20.    The first duty of the Assistant Engineer upon taking charge of the work will be to reestablish and mark the base line and to carefully check over both alignment and levels throughout the contract section.

21.    Where discrepancies are found to exist in alignment, levels or chaining, immediate correction must be made and prompt notification of the same shall be sent to the Resident Engineer with a statement of the changes required. If an adjoining contract section is involved the Assistant Engineer in charge thereof shall also be notified.

22.    All ground on which excavations and embankments are to be made shall be carefully cross-sectioned, the cross-sections being taken at the same locations as were the originals. Slope stakes shall be set at full stations and at as many intermediate points as may be necessary to fully cover the irregularities of the surface.

23.    Where material to is be borrowed from a cut, the cut must be Borrowing taken out and sloped in the first instance of sufficient width to furnish all that is needed. Irregular and unsightly holes shall not be permitted.

from cuts.

24.    Excess material from cuts shall be wasted evenly in the form spoil banks, and to the grades and elevations shown upon the plans.

25.    Where borrow pits are made they must be regular in shape Borrow pits, and graded so as to drain out all water that comes into them. They

must be staked out to width and depth of cutting required.

work.

contractors.

26.    The Assistant Engineer must see that the work is progressed progress of as well and rapidly as possible. The needs of the contractors must be anticipated in the setting of stakes to guide in the construction of stakes for the work. The Assistant Engineer must see that these stakes are maintained.

injuries.

27. In case of injury to any member of the Engineering force orpers0nai any employee of the contractors, report at once upon the blank provided for the purpose, the cause and extent of the injury and give full details.

Cement.

of cement.

28.    In order to obtain prompt attention for the samples, the direc- sampling tions must be strictly followed. If they are not, the responsibility for any delay in obtaining results caused by said failure shall rest upon the Assistant Engineer in charge of the work.

29.    Care should be taken to have on hand at the work a full supply of bags for the cement samples. Plenty of notification cards shall be ?ards.and kept on hand.

30.    Care should be taken that the Contractor shall provide a dry store houses, place, protected from the elements, for the storing of the cement.

31.    The cement shall be so stored that each shipment and each car Method, lot shall be kept separate. This care will enable the removal of any

one car lot in case of its rejection without causing the removal of a larger quantity.

samples.

32.    Samples shall be taken by the Assistant Engineer, or his repre- Selection of sentative, at once on delivery, from every tenth barrel or from the

equivalent of the tenth barrel when packed in sacks.

33.    Each sample shall be taken between the surface and the center Method, of the package sampled, and shall be sufficient to fill the sample bag provided by the Cement Testing Laboratory. A tryer will be furnished upon requisition.

34.    The samples taken shall be numbered consecutively for each Numbering

contract throughout the progress of the work. Each barrel, or bag, contained in the ten barrels, or the equivalent number of bags, from

and marking.

which a sample is taken shall be given the same number as the sample number; and each barrel or bag shall thus be marked with a linen tag which will be furnished by the Department. The package sampled shall be specially marked for identification. Each sample shall also be marked with such information as is required on the bag.

35.    Immediately after sampling, the samples shall be firmly packed dry and sent by express to the Cement Testing Laboratory, Stat& Hall, Albany, N. Y.

36.    Notification cards in triplicate shall be filled out when samples are sent; one postal card shall be mailed to the Cement Testing Laboratory and another to the Resident Engineer. One card shall be enclosed in the box with the samples.

37.    Results of tests may be expected in twelve days, but no cement shall be used until notice of its acceptance shall be received from the Special Deputy State Engineer.

38.    Any cement which has been rejected by this Department because of failure to stand the required tests, shall be immediately removed at the expense of the Contractor under the direction of the Engineer in charge.

39.    A record of cement received, used or on hand is to be kept in a book provided for the purpose, and a daily balance made. At the

Cement report, end of each month a special report of cement and its use on the work is to be prepared and forwarded to the Resident Engineer. This report is to be prepared upon blanks furnished for the purpose.

Office Work.

40.    The following books and standard forms must be kept on hand and used for the purposes intended:

Notebooks (engineeringrecords).

Memorandum books.

Shipment.

Notification.

Results of teste.

Rejected

cemeDt.

Rooks.

Report blanks, etc.

Diary.

Time books (engineer force).

Time books (contractor's force).

Estimate book.

Cement record book.

Letter copy book.

Inspector’s daily reports of contract work. Weekly reports of contract work.

Weekly reports of engineer force.

Cement reports.

Personal injury reports.

Monthly estimate sheets.

I.

Monthly account blanks.

Miscellaneous.

Final estimate sheets.

Final account blanks.

Bags for cement samples.

Cement notification cards.

Cement identification tags.

Shipping and address tags.

Requisition blanks.

Letter heads.

Envelopes (large and small).

Other blanks prescribed from time to time.

41.    In books furnished for the purpose, a true and accurate account Books of is to be kept of the observations and measurements taken for all

the purposes of the contract, including location of monuments, stakes and bench marks; the making of reports and estimates, partial and final; the force account of the contractor; a record of the delivery and use of materials, and time books of the engineer force.

42.    The Assistant Engineer is to keep a diary of operations, in Diary, which is to be entered daily the occurrences of the day.

43.    Cross-sections shall be plotted on sheets of engraved cross- Cross-sections, section paper, furnished from the Albany office. The scale used on cross-sections shall be twenty feet to an inch vertical and horizontal.

On the cross sections the surface of the ground will be shown by a full black line, the surface of the rock by a full blue line, and the limits of excavation, embankment, or structures by a full red line.

The locality of the survey and the stations covered on each sheet shall be noted at the upper right hand corner of the sheet.

44.    In using the term and designating the rate of slope of the sides Expressing of pits or other excavations, of embankments, etc., adopt the expression 1 on 1. 1 on 2, 1 on 3, or 2 on 1, 3 on 1, etc., as the case may be,

the first term of the expression to designate the rise or vertical height and the second, the departure or horizontal extent of the slope.

45.    The areas of earthwork quantities for partial estimates may pianimeter. be determined by means of the pianimeter. For final estimates the

areas of earthwork quantities shall be computed.

46.    The Assistant Engineer is to keep an estimate book in which Book of will be entered all the computations for each estimate issued to the Contractor both partial and final, and a statement of the quantities, prices and amounts, together with the statement of account.

47.    He is to prepare in copying ink, upon the blanks furnished for the purpose, a copy of the detailed estimate. This copy is to be

forwarded to the Resident Engineer. He is also to prepare five (5) copies of the statement to which are attached the certificates or affidavits required, and forward them properly signed and certified to the Resident Engineer.

Copy of detailed estimate forwarded to Resident Engineer.

Daily reports.

Weekly

reports.

48.    He is to require daily from those of his men charged with the duty of inspection, reports of the operations of that portion of the Contractor’s force under their supervision, together with the force employed and an estimate of the amount of work done and materials used.

49.    He is to summarize these reports weekly and promptly forward his report to the Resident Engineer.

Estimates.

Monthly

reports.

Final estimate.

Computations.

Materials

delivered.

Overestimate.

50.    Monthly estimates are to be prepared by the Assistant Engineer as provided in the contract, so as to be in the hands of the Special Deputy State Engineer upon the fifth (5) day of the following month.

51.    As the work progresses, the final estimate must be prepared, so that at completion of the work the final account may be rendered within sixty (60) days.

52.    In computations for earthwork, use one-tenth (0.1) feet as minimum and make returns in full yards.

In computations for stone and concrete masonry, use one-one hundredth (0.01) feet as minimum and make returns to tenths of a cubic yard.

In computations for dimension stones, use one-one hundredth (0.01) feet as minimum and make return to hundredths of a cubic yard.

In computations for lumber, use one foot board measure as minimum and make returns to even feet board measure.

In computations for steel, use one pound as minimum and make returns to even pounds.

The statement prepared for monthly estimates shall be made in full units, no fractional parts to be returned.

53.    The contract provides that materials used in construction shall be paid for in the work. There will therefore be no allowance for “Materials Delivered.”

54.    Under no circumstances may the amount of work done be overestimated.

Records.    .....

Records.

55. All records to be kept in a neat and orderly manner, as much : in ink as practicable. The records are to be kept in such a manner that in case of rearrangement of force the new men may take up the work without difficulty.    -

56. Keep a record of dates and names of persons engaged upon the work in the book in which the entries are made. Keep copies of all letters.

Engineer Force.

57.    The Engineer force upon a single contract will vary according to the extent and character of the work. Generally it will consist of;

The Assistant Engineer in charge.

A rodman for office work.

A leveler, rodman, and chainman or laborer for field work.

One or more men detailed as inspectors.

Assistant Engineer in Charge of Tests.

58.    Upon receipt of samples of cement and proper notice from any contract, the Assistant Engineer in charge of Tests is to proceed immediately to make the tests prescribed by the specifications of the contract. He is to record in detail the results of his tests in a book kept in his office for the purpose, and report to the Special Deputy in detail the results of his investigations.

RES ID ENT ENG IN EER.

59.    In charge of all work upon his residency.

60.    To reside upon his residency.

61.    To be in close touch with all the Assistant Engineers in his charge, and to personally inspect as much of the work as his time J^pection will permit.

62.    To aid and advise the Assistant Engineers in the execution of their duties. . To inspect and pass upon the fitness of foundations for proposed structures.

Books and Forms to be Kept by the Resident Engineer.

of

63.    A press-copy book will be furnished and shall be kept by the Resident Engineer in his office in which press copies of the detailed estimates estimates forwarded by the Assistant Engineer shall be made, and the estimates forwarded to the Special Deputy through the Division Engineer.

64.    A book for recording the contract will be furnished; therein Recor<] of shall be made a record of the name and number of the contract, the Contractor’s name and address, the date of the contract, the time

set for completion, the Engineer’s preliminary estimate, the total amount of the contract as computed from estimated quantities, and the various estimates .and partial payments from time to time until its completion.

65. The weekly reports from various contracts are to be received from Assistant Engineers, filed and summarized monthly. The summary together with the monthly estimates, statements of account and reports are to be forwarded to the Special Deputy through the Division Engineer.

Forwarding reports, etc.

Checking esti- 66. All estimates, monthly or final, are to be checked and proven certificates. correct in the office of the Resident Engineer, and the statement of account is to bear his certificate as to the accuracy of the estimate and character of the work.

Monthly

report.

67.    He is to make a monthly report in writing to the Special Deputy through the Division Engineer, setting forth the progress of the work. Accompanying this report will be all matter heretofore designated to be forwarded.

Photographs.

68.    The Resident Engineer, by arrangement with the Division Engineer, will be furnished with a photographer. Photographs illustrating the monthly progress of the work are to be forwarded to the Special Deputy with the monthly estimates and other papers.

69.    Photographs are to be on Velox paper, not mounted, and on such a plate that a 5" x 7" picture may be filed.

Progress

profile.

70.    The Resident Engineer shall prepare in prescribed form and keep up to date, a progress profile or graphic diagram of all contract work upon his section, and forward a blue print of it to the Special Deputy monthly.

Force of Resident Engineer.

71. Resident Engineer in charge.

A rodman or other assistant as clerk, etc.

Two rodmen, chainmen, or superior laborers to check and assist upon records and office work.

DIVISION ENGINEER.

72.    In charge of all work on the Division.

Duties.

Forward

papers.

Examine and inspect work.

Estimates.

73.    To receive, note and forward to the Special Deputy all papers, estimates and reports, received from the Resident Engineers upon his Division.

74.    To examine and inspect all work so far as possible and to report to the Special Deputy whenever occasion seems to demand or the Special Deputy requests.

75.    To see that all estimates are in due form and properly signed, to sign and forward them to the Special Deputy. Copies of all

statements for estimates to be retained by the Division Engineer and filed in his office.

76. The Division Engineer of the Eastern Division is to have an Division office in charge of a person to be selected by him, in the office of the Special Deputy. All papers, estimates or communicationsDlvlslon-relating to canal improvement work are to be forwarded to this office, and the Division Engineer is required to attend daily at this office for so long a time as is necessary for the performance of his duties.

OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL DEPUTY.

Bureau of Construction.

77. A book shall be kept in which shall be recorded the number Record of

contracts.

and name of each contract, the name and address of the Contractor, the date of the contract, the time set for commencement and completion, the amount of the Engineer's preliminary estimate (exclusive of engineering and other expenses of administration), the total of the Contractor's bid, the partial estimates, amounts retained, and partial payments with their dates, the final estimate and payment and the date thereof, and the place of record of the final estimate.

78. Upon receipt of the detail of each monthly estimate, a com- comparison >t parison shall be made with the preliminary estimate for the corre-estimates' sponding work, and the attention of the Special Deputy drawn to any material difference. A blank form is to be provided upon which for each contract shall be shown the total of each item according to the quantity sheet of the contract, the total of each item of work done to date, the increase for the month, and the percentage of the total of each item done to date as well as the percentage of the whole work done to date. The heading of the sheet shall show: the number of the contract, the number of the monthly estimate, the total number of months specified for its completion, and the percentage of the work that should be done at the time of the estimate to ensure its completion within the time set for its completion.

79.    The monthly reports of Resident Engineers upon the Contractor’s force and his work are to be received and filed.

account.

80.    Four copies of the monthly statement of account (one having contractor’s been retained by the Division Engineer) shall be received at this ^ttoate of office and an abstract entered in the book provided for the purpose.

One copy shall be retained in the office of the Special Deputy, one forwarded to the Contractor, one to the Superintendent of Public Works and one to the Comptroller. These estimates shall be reviewed by the Assistant Engineer in charge of the office to see that

they are in proper form, and marked by him for the information of the Special Deputy.

Cement report. 81. The special report upon the use of cement and its quantity in relation to the quantity of masonry constructed shall be received and filed.

Progress

profile.

82.    There shall be prepared a progress profile or graphic diagram exhibiting the condition of all the contract work upon the improvement. This diagram shall be kept up to date from the information furnished by the Resident Engineers.

Photographs.

83.    An album of photographs for each contract shall be kept in this office, and all the photographs received from Resident Engineers as hereinbefore provided are to be entered and preserved.

Filing of reports and estimates.

• 84. All reports and estimates are to be prepared upon forms provided for the purpose, and are to be kept in the covers provided for the purpose.

ORGANIZATION OF SPECIAL DEPUTY'S OFFICE.

Bureau of Construction.

85. Assistant Engineer in charge.

Two levelers or rodmen to assist.

One chainman or laborer to mount photographs, file papers, etc.

EXPENDITURE AND ACCOUNTS.

Division Engineer.

86.    Each Division Engineer will pay all salaries and approved bills incurred on his Division.

Head office expenses.

Drafts.

Abstracts.

87.    All head office expenses including salaries, supplies, etc., will be paid by the Division Engineer of the Eastern Division, who will render a separate abstract monthly covering this account.

88.    The drafts of the Division Engineer on the Comptroller for advances shall show the name of the canal upon which the money is to be expended and shall be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor for approval.

89.    Abstracts on the proper form, made in triplicate, (for each canal) must be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor as soon as possible after the close of each month. The abstract form must not be folded, but carefully rolled and inserted in a round mailing tube for transmission. Each field or construction party must be grouped on the abstract and a short heading descriptive of the work (or section number) written above each group.

90.    The vouchers must be on the Barge canal form and be fully Voucher*, completed and approved as required by that form. When items

of expenses are included the voucher must be sworn to; if for salary alone, no affidavit is necessary. The original vouchers (duplicates not required) should be sent to the State Engineer and Surveyor with abstract.

91.    Employees assigned to Barge canal work will be carried on the Appointment regular division appointment sheet.

Resident Engineer.

92.    Each Resident Engineer in charge will report promptly to his Record of Division Engineer on the regular form, the date of reporting for duty, or the granting of leave of absence to any employee in his residency. On the 25th of each month he will report the name, title, period of employment, rate of compensation and pay due for the month of each employee under his control.

93.    Fully completed vouchers prepared and approved by the Resi-voucher*, dent Engineer for all salaries and expenses incurred during the month on his residency, must be sent to the Division Engineer not

later than the last day of each month. Copies of each expense account included in the vouchers must accompany them. The checks of the Division Engineer in payment will be issued promptly. Should the services of any employee terminate before the end of the month, an approved voucher accompanied by letter of explanation, and sent to the Division Engineer, will be paid.

Assistant Engineer.

94.    The Assistant Engineer in charge of field work will pay all Expense the expenses of his party incurred in authorized travel and other incidental expenses. His expense accounts must show under the head of “travel/' the name of each employee, between what points each traveled, and the fare paid.

95.    All bills contracted in connection with the work by any Assistant Engineer or other employee must be authorized and approved by the Resident Engineer.

Receipts.

96.    Receipts for any expenditures (except railroad fares) exceeding one dollar must be procured and accompany each expense account.

Hotel bills must show each party's name, the beginning, the ending, the exact period of service and the rate per day thus: “John Doe, from breakfast, Nov. 13, 1903, to dinner, Nov. 14, 1903, 1^ days at $1 per day, $1.50." A bill for livery or other special transportation should describe the kind of conveyance and the service rendered.

97.    Assistant Engineer’s headquarters will be located by the Resident Engineer subject to the approval of the State Engineer.

Headquarters.

Expenses.

98.    No expenses will be allowed between residence and office headquarters. No meals or hotel bills will be allowed within the limits of the city, town, village or house at which office headquarters are situated, unless specially authorized by the Resident Engineer.

99.    Employees will be required to pay all personal indebtedness incurred while on the work before leaving a location.

100.    All printed forms and books used in the work will be supplied from the Head Office at Albany on the requisition of the Resident Engineer.

Albany, April 5, 1905.

HENRY C. ALLEN,

Special Deputy State Engineer.

Approved:

HENRY A. VAN ALSTYNE,

State Engineer and Surveyor.

Submitted to and approved by the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers:

EDWARD A. BOND, Chairman, WM. A. BRACKENRIDGE, ELMER L. CORTHELL, ALFRED B. FRY,

THOMAS W. SYMONS.

The Organization of the State Engineer’s Department.

Engineering Expenses for Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

Table of Contracts Pending September 30, 1905.

Table of Contracts Completed During the Year Ending September 30, 1905.

State Engineer and Surveyor.

The State Engineer and Surveyor is the chief executive officer of the engineering department which is engaged in surveying, planning and constructing the public works of the State. By the Constitution of 1846 the office was created to succeed that of Surveyor-General, which existed under the government of the Province of New Netherland, was continued throughout the colonial period, was renewed under the State government, and at the close of 1847, after an existence of more than two hundred years, was abolished. The Surveyor-General became a Commissioner of the Land Office in 1708, and under State rule was continued in this position and later was made also a Commissioner of the Canal Fund. The State Engineer was not included in the Canal Fund Commission but was made a member of the Canal Board, and is also a member of the Board of State Canvassers and of the Board of Equalization of Assessment of Taxes. From time to time he has also been made a member of various boards and commissions.

The State Engineer is charged by law with the duty of annually, or more frequently, inspecting the canals and making such suggestions for their improvement as he deems requisite; of appointing the men to be employed in his department and defining their duties; of causing to be made all surveys, maps, plans, specifications and estimates for works of construction or improvement upon the canals; of assigning engineers to supervise these works of construction, improvement or repairs; and of reporting annually to the Legislature concerning the persons employed by him, the condition of work under contract and such other information as he considers the public interests to demand. He is also required to make surveys of lands to be acquired for canal purposes and to prepare plans for steel or iron bridges over any of the canals. No change of plan or specification for work under contract can be made without the approval of the State Engineer, conjointly with the Superintendent of Public Works. Under the Barge canal act (chapter 147, Laws of 1903) the State Engineer is given entire supervision, not only over making surveys, plans, specifications and estimates for the building of the canal and surveys for the acquisition of needed lands, but also over the work of inspection .and construction.

A large addition to the State Engineer’s duties has been made by the recently enacted laws for the improvement of public highways. For this work the State Engineer makes the surveys and plans, advertises and awards the contracts and has entire charge of construction, while in progress, and of maintenance, after the highways have been improved and turned over to the counties. He also has a supervising control over the repair and maintenance of highways in towns that have adopted the money system of taxation.

In addition to the duties emanating from his relations to canals and highways, the State Engineer is called upon to make maps for use of the Attorney-General in the defence of suits before the Court of Claims; he is entrusted with the sale of lands under water; he is required to examine the plans for town and highway bridges, when submitted to him, and to examine and pass upon the plans presented by electric or steam railways, for use in crossing the canals and improved highways; he is often directed by the Legislature to survey and monument boundary lines between counties of the state or between New York and adjacent states or Canada; he is charged with directing the Geological Survey of the state in co-operation with the United States Government, including the topographic survey and the gaging of flow of streams; and he is often requested to furnish estimates and reports on proposed legislation, and to perform other allied duties for the Legislature.

In performing these many tasks and in administering the affairs of his office, the State Engineer must necessarily confine his efforts to general oversight and must delegate to others the execution of detailed performance, for in recent years his department has grown to such large proportions as to make any other course inadvisable. During the busy summer season, there are from 700 to 800 men immediately employed in the Department, who are directing work upon which there are, perhaps, from ten to twenty times their number engaged on the various contracts.

Deputy State Engineer and Special Deputy State Engineer.

In 1857 there was appointed a Deputy State Engineer, who might act in the disability of the State Engineer, except on the various boards and commissions, but more especially to represent him in such duties as the State Engineer deemed best to delegate. When the Barge canal act was framed, it was realized that the work would be so immense and so important as to require an authoritative head, and provision was made for the appointment of a Special Deputy State Engineer, who might represent the State Engineer upon that work in all capacities, except his relations to the boards and commissions. As now constituted, the Special Deputy State Engineer has direct charge of the Barge canal work and the Deputy State Engineer of all other work, the chief of which is the improvement of public highways.

The Deputy State Engineer personally inspects the work under his charge, and working through the Division, Resident and Assistant Engineers, directs all operations, including the construction and repairs of improved highways. Through the Examiner of Highways he supervises the acts of highway commissioners in money-system towns and certifies to their accounts before State aid can be obtained from the Comptroller.

The Special Deputy State Engineer directs the operations of field, residency-office and construction work on the Barge canal through the Division and Resident Engineers and has charge of a head office located in Albany. He has associated with him a Special Resident Engineer, who may act in his absence or by his direction. In the head office, consisting of bridge, general draughting, checking, computing, lock and river bureaus there are prepared the plans and estimates upon which contracts are let. Here also the measurements and computations for work performed are verified.

The two Deputies, each for his particular work, direct the operations of cement testing in a thoroughly equipped and recently refurnished laboratory, and they either accept or reject the cement proposed to be used in works of construction. The large amount of construction work in progress has greatly added to the importance of this laboratory, which is augmented by the practice of testing the cement used in the many contracts being prosecuted under the State Architect.

Chief Clerk.

The State Engineer’s office force, consisting of Canal Clerk, Land Clerk, Record Clerk, messenger and stenographers, is in charge of a Chief Clerk, who also acts as a confidential secretary to the State Engineer and has general charge of his office.

The Chief Clerk, together with the two Deputy State Engineers, has supervision over the purchasing and auditing bureau and the blue printing and photographing bureau. Under the Barge canal improvement, the latter bureau has assumed new importance bv reason of the pictorial record that is being kept of all construction work, and also, for use in future suits for damage, the record of all buildings and structures as they appear when lands are acquired for canal purposes. The Land Clerk conducts the sale of lands underwater and is the custodian of ancient maps and records.

Division Engineers.

The state is divided into three parts, called, respectively, the eastern, middle and western divisions, which correspond in general to the three sections into which it was separated at the beginning of constructing the Erie canal, and which have continued, with a few changes of boundary, ever since, the territories for canal and highway improvement, however, differing slightly. The engineering work of each division is under the control of a Division Engineer, whose duties are defined by law, and are in effect the particular inspection and supervision of such matters as are in general imposed upon the State Engineer. All of the financial affairs of the division are under the control of the Division Engineer and he is held accountable for all money expended in maintaining the department, being under bonds for the faithful performance of his duties. The Division Engineer has charge of all work upon his division, including both Barge canal and highway improvement.

Resident Engineers.

The duties of Resident Engineers are also defined by law, and are similar to those of the Division Engineer, but he is charged with a more detailed supervision. He is especially enjoined to direct the computations for all contract work performed, and he may act as Division Engineer in case of the latter’s absence or disability. For many years there has been one Resident Engineer upon each division who, under his immediately superior officer, has superintended the work of the division, but as occasion has required, Resident Engineers for special undertakings have been authorized from time to time. At present this one, who, for the want of a more distinctive title, is called the First Resident Engineer, has nothing to do with the Barge canal work, his duties being confined almost wholly to the improvement of public highways throughout the division. Other Resident Engineers have more immediate charge of highway work in particular localities, being assigned to one or two counties. The Barge canal act especially provided for the appointment of Resident Engineers to have supervision over the fifteen residencies into which the State Engineer determined to divide the enterprise.

Assistant Engineers and Other Assistants.

Assistant Engineers are in immediate charge of surveys and works of construction, and are required to lay out and accurately measure and compute the several items of work performed, and to see that the contractor does his work in conformity with the specifications.

vix&Ws\

?t^ca^srd

oad

oad

172

07

&r\

f? A³?!

or

I Comm issions of|L 1 which the )l

■

wOh

V Pufciication j

(Engineer 8c

>cCV

Ldvisory Board of Consulting^

CotiS(

Land

Cler

fBW

@swc

Clerl

lerk

( Residenj

CTj

Pesidenl

•H

wesidenfl

pai%

(Testing

J%gr£p

&and%

Auditing

Canal

Xlerk.

c*

‘>V"

rand^

jpJ

Pfiidenr

audM

ireau.

ingini

<C?V

kj5y

mee

Road

174

ferfe

D1 vision

(Road

'Road

Wje

ireai

ureau

Lock

•v

213

a>

(Rci\m

Road

223

211

lenl

vEI2

'State Engineer in charge of (Improvement

§2Ku

for

a ri

>'d%N

Division

EngineenKfc^^

£-S\ /

^ga

fident

W»y

WW

Road

V|53

Road

154

Road

160

^j/Canai \

Iftesiducyi

\yfl>

(Canal \\

Residency/^

Wios/

0£y

Wesidtnuff

WjaM_

^tev:

Division

gwa

(Estimate)

Resident Enin and s Secy of the,

^State^5 . engineer lA in charge of

meat

"River

RuMency

Qjxip,

Cana

i ->

K?*teV

Division

sn

HkSC©

W'e“

Cunai

(Estimate)

£t

n®

rie

Canal

(225,

(Resident'

s£»i

(njini

TO)

161

(T*

Division)]

&S'n*t£

s&:

/V'ef ((Canal

si®

14

Roa

idenU

Ro?d

182

fm

W/

Ln^inm

jrasidenk

? 8Tf

fl"

177

f%!

ft'f

Road

196,

Road

195

Road

201

S'

catitu\ /

ResidenwLsc^

⁰1 tif ■.

WRtvdwcy.y \N?6>/

Canal

Resldenc

fr

19 8/Road

(j >

199

Road

179

Organization of the Department

of the

STATE ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR.

S'*

VI²

16

Formerly the men, other than those already mentioned, were ranked as levelers, rodmen and chainmen, who were considered the corps under the Assistant Engineer. To keep pace with the modern tendency to specialize, it has been found necessary to add several new grades for various forms of field and office work. These are as follows: expert dam and lock designers, masonry expert, engineer of water-supply, chief bridge designer, bridge designer, mechanical engineer, bridge draftsman, junior bridge draftsman, first assistant engineer, engineering draftsman, inspector of highways, foreman of borings, tracer, laborer and gage-reader.

Engineering Expenses for Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

Ordinary Repairs.

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year,

Erie canal...............

■Champlain canal.........

Erie canal...............

Oswego canal............

■Cayuga and Seneca canal, Black River canal........

Erie canal...............

728

728

728

728

728

728

728

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

1904

Eastern.... Eastern....

$8,087 11 3,912 89

Middle,

Middle.

Middle.

Middle.

$5,862 59 1,214 45 1,499 11 423 85

$12,000 00

Western.. .

$9,000 00

9,000 00 9,000 00

Total,

$30,000 00

Extra or din a ry Repairs.

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year.

Main street bridge, Lockport

581

1903

Western...

$269 43

$269 43

Special Works.

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year, j

f 606

1898

Beaver river dam

128

679

573

1900

1901

1903

Eastern....

$107 16

Repairs to dam, Old Forge............

Repairs to dam, Sixth lake.............

Dikes, Delaware river, Port Jervis.....

Dikes, Delaware river, Barrytown......

Extension stone arch over Canastota

creek.............................

Willis avenue bridge, Syracuse.........

Raising Minetto dam, Oswego river.....

Raising High dam, Oswego river.......

Raising Braddock’s dam, Oswego river.. ■Cold Spring bridge....................

Vi'i

73(1

730

716

707

715

729

594

599

600

) 581

1903    J

1904 1904

1904

1904

Eastern.... Plastern.... Eastern.... Eastern....

1904 [Middle 1904 Middle 1902 Middle 1902 Middle

j- Middle Middle

1903

1903

1903 I 1905 f

162 46 197 65 1,419 23 60 00

$286 73 724 78 256 25 95 88

297 68

455 30

$1,946 50

Engineering Expenses for Fiscal Year.

225

Special Works—(Continued).

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year.

Willow street bridge, Syracuse.........

Improvements at guard-lock, Geneva. .

600

j 616

I 632

Carthage bridge, rebuilding pier Dredging inlet and repairing pier,| j 413

Cayuga lake....................... 1 632

Improving harbor, Canandaigua lake. . .

729

Brasher Falls dam, St. Regis river Harbor. Scriba creek, Constantia Road, Binghamton State hospital

I 729 I 710

651

729

1902    I 1904 f

1903 1902

1904 1904

1904

1905 1904 1904

Middle... Middle... Middle... Middle... Middle... Middle...

Middle...

Middle...

$514 50 183 48 70 92 50 00 16 65 25 47 200 00 46 97

Oak Orchard feeder.... Conewango creek bridge

Great Sodus Bay bridge Slope wall at Corning...

672

( 580 I 669

mil

1904

1904

1903    /

1904    f

1903

Western... Western.. .

Western... Western.. .

$106 63 16 58

246 20 347 38

$3,224 61

716 79

Total.

$5,887 90

Special Surveys.

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year.

St. Lawrence county boundary line.....

Court of Claims surveys..............

Examination monuments and maps....

Old field notes.......................

Topographic survey..................

Hydrographic surveys...,............

I 473 1902 I '( 730 1904 j

599

729

loo:;

1904

594    1902

729 , 1904 i 729 I 1904

Eastern..

Eastern.. Eastern.. Eastern.. Eastern.. Eastern..

$4,802 21

397 29 1,813 63 278 00 7,573 67 832 20

Court of Claims surveys...............

Survey, Seneca river and Cayuga lake. . .

j 729 1 1904 (Middle 1903 Middle 1905 Middle

I 599

700

$5,559 23 1,337 03 616 34

$15,697 00

Court of Claims surveys,

j 599

I 729

1903

1904

j- Western.. .

$1,804 18

7,512 60

1,804 18

Total.

$25,013 78

Improvement of Public Highways.

Act.

WORK.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

Chap.

Year.

Highway improvement...............

Maintenance highways-“Money System’

j 115

I 53

700

1898

1902

1905

Eastern.... Eastern.... Eastern... .

$101,754 60 6,099 02 8,282 33

Highway improvement

i 53

115

1902

Middle.....

Middle.....

Middle....

$36,580 23 3,247 02 163 52

$116,135 95

Highway improvement

115

1898

Western.. .

$35,878 40

39,990 77 35,878 40

Total,

$192,005 12

WORK.

Barge canal, head office account

Erie..............

Champlain........

Barge canal, Erie....

Oswego,

Barge canal, Erie....

Total.

NAME.

W. R. Davis, J. G. Peck..

Barge Canal.

Act.

Chap.

Year.

Division.

Amount.

Total.

147

147

147

147

147

147

1903

1903

1903

1903

1903

1903

Eastern.... Eastern.... Eastern....

$99,011 32 45,672 21 35,423 80

Middle.

Middle.

Western...

$59,621 75 20,591 95

$180,107 33

$54,856 50

80,213 70 54,856 50

$315,177 53

Bureau of Bridge Design and Inspection.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Salary.

Travel.

Total.

Chief bridge designer. . Ass’t chief bridge de-

H. J. Scheuerman. . G. M. Braune......

E. JA. Brainerd......

S. N. Knowlton ....

L. Holmes.........

O. H. Stratton.....

F.    E. Blake........

H. F. Kellogg A. C. Hayden, T. C. Brooks. E. J. Doyle... E. C. Semon.. J. P. Burns...

signer.............

Bridge designer.......

Bridge designer.......

Bridge designer.......

Bridge designer.......

Bridge designer.......

Bridge designer.......

Mech. engineer and

draftsman..........

Bridge draftsman.....

Bridge draftsman.....

Bridge draftsman.....

Bridge draftsman.....

Bridge draftsman.....

Bridge draftsman.....

$3,000 per year

2,200 per year 140 per month 140 per month 140 per month 125 per month 125 per month 125 per month

140 per month 115 per month 115 per month 115 per month 100 per month 100 per month 100 per month

$559 22

36 67 102 46 265 99 73 73 29 16 134 27 24 19

94 67 19 36 40 00 172 25 6 45 110 64 28 57

$67 79

211 15 106 13

93 59

Paid for drafting instruments, drawing and blue print papers, tracing cloth, etc

Total.

$627 01

247 82 208 59 265 99 73 73 29 16 134 27 24 19

94 67 19 36 40 00 265 84 6 45 110 64 28 57

$2,176 29 79 30

$2,255 59

Summary of Engineering Expenses /or Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

DIVISION.

Ordinary repairs of canals.

Extraordinary repairs of [canals.

iwamitfl

Special

works.

Special

surveys.

Highway

improve

ment.

Barge

canal.

Bridge

designer.

Total.

Ns

Eastern. Middle.. Western

$12,000 00 9,000 00 9,000 00

$269 43

SI,946750 3,224161 716 79

$15,697 00 $116,135 95 7,512 60    39,990    77

1,804 18    35,878    40

$180,107 33 80,213 70 54,856 50

$2,255 59

$325,886 78 139,941 68 102,525 30 2,255 59

Payments

to

Sept. 30, 1905.

$4,185 00 25,326 00 43,722 00

Engineer’s    Contract j

Pestimantmy *rice-

Table of Contracts Pending September 30, 1905.

Appro-iation.

pri

$101,000,000 00! $712,823 00 $605,008 40 101,000,000 001,176,036 00 852,330 00 101,000,000 001 874,662 00 670,497 00 101,000,000 00 4,810 00 7,550 00 101,000,000 00 1,290 001 1,005 Ooi

4,277 75j    3,744 00

4,677 00

8,692 32

18,431 50J 15,426 00 3,59850    1,74600

13,259 201

20,000 00!    17,255 00!

4,361 461    3,506 00

12,940 00

19,000 00

Act.

Chap. | Year.

Division.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

1903

1471

. . | Eastern.

1903

1903

147

147

8061 \lf I

1903

147!

1901    )

1902    -

1904    )

1903    (

1905    (

1902    I

1904    f

1903    )

1905    I

645;

594

632

5S1

172

1    594

1 729

S 600 1    172

i Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Middle..

Middle.

Middle..

Middle..

April 18, 1905!Contract No. 1, Champlain canal

I (Barge canal)................

April 3, 1905jContract No. 2, Erie canal (Barge

I canal)........................

April 4, 1905 Contract No. 3, Champlain canal

(Barge canal).................

May 15, 1905|Contract No. 2-A, Erie canal

! (Barge canal).................

15, 1905 Contract No.' 2-B, Erie canal | (Barge canal).............

June 3, 1902 Raising and completing High dam, I Oswego river.................

May

59,190 00

101,000,00000 812,56000 726,81500 101,000,000 00 421,252 50 381,987 50 101,000 000 00 1,588,912 00 1,005,982 50

1903

147

Middle..

1903

1903

147

147!

Middle..

Western

Jan. 11, 1905,Cold Spring bridge, Seneca river,

Oswego canal..................

Sept. 13, 1904 Continuing improvement of har-| bor, Canandaigua lake.........

May 3, 1905;Superstructure of Willow street.

bridge, Oswego canal, Syracuse.

Contract No. 4, Erie canal (Barge canal).......................

Contract No. 5, Erie canal (Barge canal).......................

Contract No. 6, Erie canal (Barge! canal).......................

April 18, 1905 April 18, 1905 May 3,1905

Empire Engineering Co. . Ferguson Contracting Co. Sund strom and Stratton.

John W. Flynn John W. Flynn

Walter Bradley & Co... ■

The King Bridge Co... Wm. H. Welch.........

Rochester Bridge & Con-! struction Co..........

Empire Engineering Co. . Empire Engineering Co. .

F. A. Maselli & Co

Report of State Engineer.

EH

<M

to

to

Payments to Sept. 30, 1905.

. t.vc.

517,510 40

72,757 05 44,928 67 27,618 75

Table of Contracts Pending September 30, 1905—(Continued).

Improvement of Public Highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

Division.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

$51,200 00

$70,650 00

Eastern

64,450 00 50,425'00 45,200100

94,438700 58,210100 52,000 00

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern,

48,250 00    27,810    58

20,612 83    17,816    04

38,749 00    32,589    86

74,985 00    53,512    83

25,690 00    16,455    06

28,700 00    16,178    10

67.903    00I    59,446    72

33,400 00j    14,428    80

14,670 00    9,727    25

59,742 00    44,335    89

49,990 00    60,030    55

26,694 12    3,843    96

45,980 00'    44,576    64

39.903    00    29,807    54

19,900 00    10,387    80

9,998 50    8,908    66

23,490 00    19,663    02

54,1201)0 23,000J)0

46,980 00

96,700100

31 ,200'00 38,380^00

90,350 00

39,400 00 18,121 OOl

71,100 001

66,750 OOl 33,450 00|

50.300    00 49,550 00 22,500 00 13,250 00

27.300    00

Eastern,

Eastern.

Eastern,

Eastern,

Eastern.

Eastern,

Eastern.

Eastern, Eastern,

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.... Eastern...

Middle_____

Middle.....

I Middle.

Turk Hill-Putnam county line road, No. 151, Westchester county.........................

Newburgh-Campbell Hall road, No. 153, Orange county....................................

Ohester-Vail’s Gate road, No. 154, Orange county.

Slate Hill-Unionville road, No. 160, Orange county

Newburgh-Shawangunk road, No. 161, Orange

county....................................

Albany-Schenectady road, No 176 Albany county Schoharie road (sections 1 and 2), No. 177,

Albany county. ............................

Delaware turnpike road (section 3), No. 178,

Albany county.............................

Schenectady-Albany road, No. 179, Schenectady

county....................................

Beaver Dam road, No. 192, Albany county........

River road, No. 193, Albany county............

Wynantskill-West. Sand Lake road, No 195, Rensselaer county..............................,

East Nassau road. No. 196, Rensselaer county. . . . Delaware turnpike road (section 4), No. 198,

Albany county.............................

Delaware turnpike road (section 5), No. 199,

Albany county.............................

Troy-Poestenkill road, No. 201, Rensselaer county. Boston and Albany road, No. 202, Rensselaer

county....................................

South road, No. 223, Dutchess county...........

Endicott. road, No. 174, Broome county..........

Chenango tow-path road, No. 175, Broome county. Redwood-Alexandria Bay road, No. 182, Jefferson county.................................

June 19, 1903

June 24, 1903

June 24, 1903

June 18, 1904

June 18, 1904

July 26, 1904 June 9, 1904

June 8, 1904

June 17, 1904

June 9, 1904

June 11, 1904 June 23,1904

June 23, 1904 June 9. 1904

June 9, 1904

June 13, 1904 June 23, 1904

July 20, 1904 June 16, 1904 June 16, 1904 July 14, 1904

Ganung and Hoyt................

Board of Supervisors of Orange county........................

Board of Supervisors of Orange

county........................

Orange County Road Construction

Co............................

Orange County Road Construction

Robert Shafer....................

Albany Material & Construction Co.

Jeremiah T. Finch..............

Buckley Construction Co..........

Joseph Walker...................

Jas. Anderson (assigned to J. T.

Finch)........................

Thos. H. Karr....................

Thos. H. Karr....................

Michael F. Dollard...............

Joseph Walker...................

Wm. H. Masterson...............

The Scofield Co.................

Jas. E. Martin....................

County of Broome................

County of Broome................

Elisha W. Visger.................

22,213 62

6,333 03

24,498 05 20,664 92 25,254 00

3,622 32

14,526 45 27,326 70

24,705 00

4,749 00 8,249 00

22,999 00

12,794 00

33,605 00 41,348 00 30,500 00

6,080 00

16,990 00 34,900 00

45,000 00

5,000 00 9,350 00

25,900 00

16,450 00

37.700    00 50,000 00

31.700    00

7,800.00

18.700    00 39,000 00

55,000 00

Middle.

Middle

Middle.

I Middle.

Middle..

Middle..

Western

Western

Western

Western

Western

Center Village road, No. 211, Broome county......

Ouaquaga road, No. 212. Broome county.........

River road, Windsor (section 2), No. 213, Broome

River road, Windsor (section lj, No. 214, Broome

county....................................

Greene-Smithville Flats road, No. 218, Chenango

county....................................

Guilford road. No. 225, Chenango county.........

Penfield road (section 2), No. 167, Monroe county. Portland Avenue road (section 1), No. 172, Monroe

county....................................

East Side-Lake road (section 1), No. 190, Ontario

county....................................

Honeoye-Hemlock road, No. 191. Ontario county. Geneva-Canandaigua road (section 2), No. 207, Ontario county.............................

June 16, 1904 June 16, 1904 June 16, 1904

June 16, 1904

July 13, 1904

July 13, 1904 June 7, 1904 Oct. 15, 1904

June 10, 1904

June 17, 1904 July 14, 1904

County of Broome.. County of Broome.. County of Broome..

County of Broome..

Casey and Murray..

Douglas V. Ashley.. Henry P. Burgard. . F. A, Brotsch......

Mott and Kemper. .

Mosier and Summers Henry P. Burgard..

Final

payment.

$79,455 87

9,327 22

1,796 00 2,161 35 2,039 85

4,700 80

6,645 37

5,321 71

4,207 49

1,304 20 1,129 98

3,002 62

2,126 00 7,799 00 10,600 78 9,941 62 9,914 02

7,890 05

Table of Contracts Completed During the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

Contract

price.

Appro

priation.

$75,045 00

9,940 00

1,796 00 2,338 00 2,043 75:

4,530 00

6,722 50

5,300 00;

4,398 00

1,295 00 1,188 10 2,998 20

2,150 00 7,799 00 10,019 70 9,975 30 9,116 00

7,974 40

$7,000 00 43,000 00 35,000 00 12,000 00

10,000 00

2,000 00 5,000 00 5,000 00

9,400 00

11,500 00

6,000 00

12,785 86

1,700 00 1,300 00

4,000 00

2,500 00 8,000 00 12,000 00

’ ib’.boo bo '

9,000 00

Act.

Year.

Chap.

Division.

Character of work.

Date of ! contract.-

CONTRACTOR.

1898

1900

909 J

428

1901

1903

1904

1904

1904

1904

1901

1902

1904

1902 )

1902    V

1903    ) 1902 1

1904    f 1900

1902 1904 )

1903 1903

1903    )

1904    S'

1904

1904

1904

1903

1903

1903    {

1904    f

679

599

713

712

730

730

645

594

632

594

069

......

413

632

IMI

632

599

599

......

715

651

729

729

581

Ol IP

580

669

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Middle.

Middle.

I Middle.

! Middle.

Middle.

Middle.

Middle.

Middle... Middle... Middle... Western. Western.

Western.

Construction of Beaver river dam

[Dec. 24, 1901

Strobel and Moynehan

Removal bars and construction of dike in

town of Deer Park, Orange county Repairing. dike and clearing channel at Rose’s Point, town of Deer Park,

Orange county....................

Construction of spillway at Old Forge dam Repairs to Sixth lake dam.............

Raising and completing Minetto dam....

Oct. 4, 1904 Oct. 4, 1904

Oct. 28, 1904 Nov. 9, 1904

ljune 3, 1902

Raising and completing Battle island or

Braddock’s dam....................

Repairing State pier at mouth of inlet to Cayuga lake........................

Improvements, guard-lock, Geneva.....

Rebuilding pier, Carthage bridge........

Retaining wall, Carthage bridge.........

Completing stone arch over Canastota

creek.......................-......

Dredging mouth of Scriba creek at Con-

stantia............................

State Hospital road, Binghamton.......

Willis avenue bridge...................

Main street bridge, Lockport...........

Slope wall at Corning...................

Great Sodus Bay bridge...............

July 13, 1903

June 27, 1903

Sept. 21,1903

Nov. 17, 1903 Nov. 17, 1903 Sept. 12, 1904

Oct. 4, 1904

Aug. 16, 1904 Nov. 4, 1904 Nov. 11, 1903 April 15, 1904

July 12, 1904

Joseph Hanigan Joseph Hanigan

Charles Wallace.....

D. B. Sperry........

Walter Bradley & Co

Walter Bradley & Co

Frank Pidgeon

C. T. Hookway............

C. T. Hookway............

C. T. Hookway............

J. W. McPherson.........

J. K. Davis & Son.........

County of Broome.........

Riverside Bridge Co.......

Johnson and Mumm.......

A. F. Chapman & Co.......

Eastern Concrete Steel Co..

Final

payment.

87,544 75

1,023 25 21,714 45 29,285 65 52,648 85

8,150 18 57,899 36 28,754 57 23,176 10 14,383 55 10,736 09 23,750 13 13,617 65 30,339 95 23,817 99 9,742 35 8,644 57 5,763 45 9,727 71 29,054 14 16,000 00

10,197 64 7,800 00

8,300 00 17,975 84 8,600 00

19,594 65 9,049 39 24,190 40

45,399 25 19,621 68 19,396 55

Contract

price.

87,398 50

1,060 57 18,660 00 28,289 00

51.500    00

8,250 00 56,000 00 27,634 00 20,980 00 13,115 20 10,528 00

23.500    00 12,749 00 27,140 68 21,695 00

7,934 00

6.990    00 6,371 20

8.990    00 23,649 00 16,000 00

8,500 00 7,800 00

8,300 00 15,850 00 8,600 00

17,735 00 7,920 00 23,950 00

41,679 40 18,686 00 18,000 00

Division.

Improvement of Public Highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern.

Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Eastern. Middle..

Middle...

Middle..

Middle.

Middle.

Middle.

Middle.., Middle... Middle...

Middle...

Middle...

Middle...

Turners-Monroe road, No. 46, Orange county..........•.•.••••

Delmar-Slingerlandsroad, No. 92-A, Albany county, (additional

work).................................................

Cochecton turnpike road (section 1), No. 113, Orange county....

Central Valley-Turners road, No. 115, Orange county..........

Plattsburg-Mooers road (section 1), No. 138, Clinton county. .. . Plattsburg-Mooers road (section 1), No. 138, Clinton county

(additional work).......................

Kingston-Ellenville road (section 3), No. 141, Ulster county....

Cross River-Turk Hill road, No. 150, Westchester county......

Chester-Goshen road, No. 156, Orange county................

Middletown-Slate Hill road, No. 159, Orange county..........

Oneonta road, No. 162, Otsego county.......................

Mohawk River turnpike road (east), No. 180, Montgomery county

Troy-Sand Lake road, No. 194, Rensselaer county..............

Brick Church-Rock Hollow road. No. 197, Rensselaer county... .

Old Northern turnpike road, No. 200, Rensselaer county........

Roxbury road, No. 216, Delaware county....................

Grand Gorge road, No. 217, Delaware county.................

Richheld Springs-Cherry Valley road, No. 219, Otsego county.. .

Worcester road, No. 220, Otsego county......................

Hughsonville road, No. 222, Dutchess county.................

Fabius-Apulia road (section 1), No. 49, Onondaga county......

Marcellus-Marietta road, No. 74, Onondaga county...........

Fabius-Apulia road (section 2), No. 75, Onondaga county.......

East Lake road (section 1), No. 122, Onondaga county..........

Town line Extension road, No. 126, Broome county............

Genesee turnpike road, No. 132, Onondaga county..............

Fenton road, No. 134 Broome county.......................

Hamilton Bridge road, No. 139, Oneida county................

Burr’s Mills road, No. 147, Jefferson county........_..........

Watertown-Sacketts Harbor-Henderson road (section 1), No.

June 18, 1901 Aug. 16, 1904

3, 1905

[June 16, 1903 June 19, 1903 July 12, 1904 June 15, 1904 June 9, 1904 June 17, 1904 June 10, 1904 June 13, 1904 July 12, 1904 July 14, 1904 July 14, 1904 'Aug. 6, 1904 ! July 14, 1904 June 13, 1904 May 17, 1902

.Tune 18, 1902 I May 17, 1902

June 18, 1902 July 28, 1903 July 30, 1903

July 29, 1903 ! June 24,1903 Aug. 7, 1903 j.June 16,1904

181, Jefferson county....................................

June 18, 1904 Adams-Henderson road (section 1), No. 183, Jefferson county.. June 16, 1904 Pierrepont Manor-Ellisburg road, No. 184, Jefferson county...

Board of Supervisors, Orange county. Robert Shafer....................

Board of Supervisors, Orange county. June 20, 1902 Board of Supervisors, Orange county. June 20, 1902

Casey and Murray.................lJune 16, 1903

Town Board, Towrn of Chazy.iJan.

Casey and Murray......

Ganung and Hoyt......

Hayes and Norton.....

Ira M. Ludington......

Joseph Walker.........

Buckley Construction Co

Frank Pidgeon.........

Wm. H. Masterson. ....

Martin Murray........

S. B. Van Wagonen....

S. B. Van Wagonen.. ..

D. B. Joslyn...........

S. B. Van Wagonen....

Frank Pidgeon.........

John Dunfee & Co....

Board of Supervisors of Onondaga |

county.........................

John Dunfee & Co................

Board of Supervisors of Onondaga

county......

Joseph Walker

J. E. Martin.....................

Board of Supervisors of Broome

county..........

F. A. Little.........

W. A. Burnham.....

Casey and Murray..,

Chambers and Grady Casey and Murray..

Table of Contracts Completed During the Year Ending September 30, 1905—(Concluded).

Improvement of Public Highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898—(Concluded).]    PsS

Final

payment.

SSKt^oSoSo^OOC^So^iOC^OO^OO0 iO<O^COf^OCO*0'tft^.<MCOrHi005CO*Or-ieOCDOOCD HCOHicacOCMONMOOOONOOCOOO^OJH © CO 00 <N 00 CO CO i-< 05 iO 05 00 CO ^ 1> 05 OC 00 CO <N tt>

00C0C0OC0^OC0i0C0l>rH00C0C000^^0051>i0CO rH rH CO CO ^ rH (M CO rH rH rH rH CO rH CO

Contract

price.

Division.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

OOGOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

ooi>ooooooooooooooooooo

ggSSgSgggfeggKggggSgSSg

05C000rHL0T-l^05Cr'TtJl0^(MT^Tft^OTtlC5t^CCO

l>OOO^Tf<OOiOCOt^rHGOCOCOl>Tt<iOO:i>iOCO HHCOlOCOCOHNCOHHH t—I CO rH CO

Middle.....

Middle.....

Middle.....

Middle.....

Middle.....

Middle.....

Western. . . Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western... Western.. . Western.. . Western... Western... Western...

State road (section 1), No. 185, Jefferson county

Depot road, No. 186, Jefferson county.................

Nineveh road, No. 209, Broome county................

Harpursville road, No. 210, Broome county.............

Dryden road, No. 215, Cortland county................

Oxford-McDonough road, No. 224, Chenango county.....

Aurora-Buffalo road (section 1), No. 128, Erie county. . . .

Main Street road (section 4), No. 130, Erie county.......

Main Street road (section 5), No. 131, Erie county........

Little Ridge road (section 2), No. 165, Monroe county. ...

Penfield road (section 1), No. 166, Monroe county........

Dugway road (section 1), No. 168, Monroe county......

Dugway road (section 2), No. 169, Monroe county......

Dugway road (section 3), No. 170, Monroe county......

Lake road (section 1), No. 171, Monroe county.........

Hudson Avenue road (section 2), No. 173, Monroe county.

Bristol road, No. 187, Ontario county..................

Bristol Valley road (section 1), No. 188, Ontario county. . . East Side-Lake road (section 2), No. 189, Ontario county

Gorham-Stanley road, No. 203, Ontario county..........

Naples-Atlanta road, No. 204, Ontario county...........

Naples-Woodville road, No. 205, Ontario county.........

^^’^T^TjHT^COCOCO'^TtH^T^T^TtHrJlT^TfTfT^T^T^

oooooooooooooooooooooo

050505 05050505050505050505050505050505050505

rH rH tH rH i—i iH rH i—' tH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH n rH

»C G^CD CD MO CO O O ^ N N00 Ntt^iOh^OOhCD

rH rH rH rH rH    rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH rH

CD .(DCDOs.^^s.OOOCDOa) . <D s. <D <D >>0

e*> a a    0^0 0^0

pj£ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0^ 0 0 0 0 0 0

E.^Colby & Co ....

Casey and Murray County of Broome County of Broome Frank Pidgeon . ..

C. H.jQuere Mosier and

Board of Supervisors of Erie county. Board of Supervisors of Erie county.

Anderson and Britton..............

Henry P. Burgard.................

Mosier and Summers..............

Chambers and Grady..............

Mosier and Summers..............

Henry C. Schroeder...............

Henry C. Schroeder...............

James Anderson..................

Henry P. Burgard.................

Mott and Kemper.................

J. T. Finch.......................

Finch-Anderson & Co.............

J. T. Finch.......................

Summers

REPORT

OF THE

DIVISION ENGINEER

OF THE

EASTERN DIVISION

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

/

I

i

I

■

Eastern Division.

State op New York,

Department op State Engineer and Surveyor, Eastern Division.

Albany, October 1, 1905.

'

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Sir.—I have the honor of submitting herewith my annual report as Division Engineer of the Eastern Division of your Department for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905.

The chief work of this Division has consisted in performing the necessary engineering work in connection with the present canal system and making surveys, plans and supervising construction of the new Barge canal; also making surveys, plans and supervising construction of highways under Chapter 115, Law's of 1898.

For canal purposes the Eastern Division comprises that part of the canal system of the State extending from the Hudson river at Albany to the east line of Oneida county, and from the junction of the Erie and Champlain canals, about a mile north of Watervliet, to the south end of Lake Champlain, covering a total of 188.36 miles of navigable waters.

For highway improvement purposes there are included in the Eastern Division the counties of Albany, Clinton, Columbia, Delaware, Dutchess, Essex, Franklin, Fulton, Greene, Hamilton, Herkimer, Montgomery, Nassau, Orange, Otsego, Putnam, Rensselaer, Rockland, Saratoga, Schenectady, Schoharie, Suffolk, Sullivan, Ulster, Warren, Washington and Westchester, with a total highway mileage of 31,538 miles.

A break occurred on the Champlain canal on the night of June 7 at the upper tow-path wing of the aqueduct at Fort Edward. The opening in the bank w'as 25 feet long and from 10 to 12 feet deep. The bottom of the entire prism above the aqueduct was scoured out for a distance of 100 feet to a depth of about 9 feet. No damage was done to the aqueduct. The break caused a delay to navigation for one week.

Co-operation has been extended and assistance given to the Department of Public Works in making surveys, plans, and estimates whenever they have been requested. Surveys have been made and testimony given on behalf of the State in the Court of Claims in suits brought against the State for damage resulting from leaks and breaks in the canal.

SPECIAL WORK.

Besides the general work pertaining to highways and canals, the following pieces of special work were completed this year:

Beaver River Dam.

(Chapter 606, Laws of 1898; Chapter 428, Laws of 1900; Chapter 679, Laws of 1901; Chapter 573, Laws of 1.903; Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

The construction of a concrete dam on Beaver river near Stillwater, in the town of Webb, Herkimer county.

Contractors, Stroebel and Moynehan.

$75,045 00 79,455 87

Contract price Final account.

Sixth Lake.

(Chapter 730, Laws of 1904.)

Repairs to the old earth and timber dam at the outlet of Sixth lake in the town of Morehouse, Hamilton county.

Contractor, D. B. Sperry.

$2,043 75 2,039 85

Contract price Final account.

Old Forge Dam.

(Chapter 730, Laws of 1904.)

Constructing a new concrete spillway and otherwise improving the dam on the Middle branch of the Moose river at Old Forge, Herkimer county.

$2,338 00 2,161 35

Contract price Final account.

Dike on Neversink River.

(Chapter 713, Laws of 1904.)

Removing bars, building slope wall and a dike to protect property adjacent to the Neversink river in the town of Deer Park, Orange county.

$9,940 00 9,327 22

Contract price Final account.

Dike at Rose’s Point.

(Chapter 712, Laws of 1904.)

Repairing dike, removing bars, and clearing channel of the Never-sink river at Rose’s Point in the town of Deer Park, Orange county.

Contractor, Joseph Hanigan.

$1,796 00 1,796 00

Contract price Final account.

BARGE CANAL.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

For the purpose of Barge canal work the Eastern Division has been divided into the following residencies:

Erie canal, Residency No. 1. From the Congress street bridge crossing the Hudson river at Troy to the west end of the lower Mohawk aqueduct, including that portion of the Hudson river which is common to the main line of the canal and of the Champlain canal. H. P. Willis, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Waterford.

Erie canal, Residency No. 2. From the west end of the lower Mohawk aqueduct to the head of old Lock No. 27, situated about three-fourths of a mile west of Cranesville, Montgomery county. H. P. Willis, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Schenectady.

Erie canal, Residency No. 3. From the head of old Lock No. 27 to the head of old Lock No. 34 at Mindenville, Montgomery county. H. W. DeGraff, Assistant Engineer in charge, office at Fonda.

Erie canal, Residency No. 4. From the head of Lock No. 34 to the easterly line of Oneida county, which is also the east line of the city of Utica. S. M. Savage, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Little Falls.

Champlain canal, Residency No. 1. From the junction of the Barge canal and Champlain canal, in the Hudson river east of Waterford, to the foot of old Lock No. 10, near Northumberland dam, Washington county. John R. Kaley, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Fort Edward.

Champlain canal, Residency No. 2. From the foot of Lock No. 10 near Northumberland dam, Washington county, to the highway crossing the present Champlain canal at Dunham’s Basin, Washington county, including the Glens Falls feeder, dam and pond above. John R. Kaley, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Fort Edward.

Champlain canal, Residency No. 3. From the highway crossing the present Champlain canal at Dunham’s Basin, Washington county,

to Lake Champlain. John R. ICaley, Resident Engineer in charge, office at Fort Edward.

The work carried on in the several residencies has consisted in making surveys, borings, soundings, maps and contract drawings. The several Resident Engineers report as follows:

Erie Canal, Residency No. 1.

“This residency extends from Congress street bridge at Troy to the lower Mohawk aqueduct at Crescent.

“Surveys.—Surveys for four routes were made in what is known as Anderson’s valley between Stations 250 + 00 and 301 + 00 at the Mohawk river. Cross-sections were taken on all these lines and test pits dug the entire length of each. The two-degree curve line was accepted and borings for the entire length were made with the Calyx rock drill. Surveys for dam No. 2 on the Mohawk river were made, the necessary sections and soundings taken, and borings covering the entire site made with the Calyx rock drill. Surveys for all lands to be appropriated for canal construction between dam No. 2 and Crescent were completed.

“Construction.—Contract No. 2, covering the section from Station 170 + 00 to Station 220 + 00 at the MohawL river, was awarded on April 3, 1905. The actual work on construction began June 6, 1905, and has consisted entirely of excavation. 90,600 cubic yards of earth has been excavated.

Erie Canal, Residency No. 2.

“ This residency extends from the lower Mohgwk aqueduct at Crescent to old Lock No. 27 at Cranes Village.

“ Work was begun on April 10,1905, and an office was opened at Schenectady on June 1. Two survey parties were organized, one making survey for plans, estimates and cost, and the other for lands to be appropriated. A base line has been run the entire length of this residency. Surveys for dams Nos. 3, 4, 5, and 6 and Locks No. 7, 8, 9 and 10 have been completed. The necessary river cross-sections have been taken the entire length of the residency. Surveys for the relocation of three highways have been made, and of al lands necessary to be appropriated for canal purposes between Crescent and dam No. 3 below Vischer’s Ferry. All borings have been completed at the locations of the above-mentioned dams and locks.”

Respectfully,

H. P. WILLIS,

Resident Engineer.

«/

%*

pi

41

r^Lrs

?**

"TO 1

” \y

■ %i    II*

Hjj

mi

rf

I;

ll'

fi n

/ z MM

b,

mff f , z^\m

# •«¥

mas

IO\i:

1?

vv

IURr*l *

" £• ■

&3fV    jp

£ v^- - JjB||'

FH

1'

~~ «

I,

5&\-$

M'

s|

:;vf

f'

liE

M’

L-

flfl

rT“Tl ‘ H

i Vim

Chambered Retaining Wall at Waterford, Contract no. 2, Barge Canal — Erie Route. Water-surface will be just above the arches.

Erie Canal, Residency No. 3.

“ This residency extends from old Lock No. 27, Erie canal, to old Lock No. 34 at Mindenville.

“ Work on this residency was begun on April 19, 1905. The base line for the control of all soundings, level and stadia work was run from Station 2025 at Lock No. 27 to Station 3424 (1^- miles west of Canajoharie). This base line was monumented with concrete monuments, and check levels run over it.

“ Stadia surveys have been made, covering the proposed locations for dams No. 7 at Amsterdam, No. 8 at Tribes Hill and No. 9 at Yosts. These surveys covered everything between the N. Y. C. It. R. and W. S. R. R. tracks and extended about 2,000 feet east and west of the proposed dam locations.

“ Preliminary soundings were taken at 500 feet intervals from Station 2025, Lock No. 27, to Station 3185 (near the Sprakers ferry). Ranges were taken 100 feet apart at the various rifts, which seldom freeze over in winter, and at all dam sites, it being the intention to take the 100 feet soundings through the ice during the coming winter.

“The borings at dam site No. 7 have been completed and the borings at darn sites Nos. 8 and 9 are under way.

“ The base line coordinates have been computed and checked, and base line plotted on maps to a scale of 100 feet to 1 inch from Station 2025 to Station 3050, and soundings have been plotted on the mounted maps from Station 2026 to Station 2560. Contour maps have been made of the dam sites at Amsterdam and Tribes Hill.”

Respectfully,

H. W. DeGRAFF,

Assistant Engineer in Charge.

Erie Canal, Residency No. 4.

“ This section extends from Lock No. 34, at Mindenville, to the Herkimer-Oneida county line, a distance of 27.8 miles.

“The residency office was established in the Conyne Building, corner of Second and Albany streets, Little Falls, July 6, 1905. Mr. B. E. Failing was in charge until August 22, 1905.

“The surveys were started June 20, 1905, and at the date of this report, the base line survey has been completed from Mindenville to the Herkimer-Oneida county line, 27.8 miles. An offset center line has been run from Mindenville to Lock No. 36 at Little Falls, and from Lock No. 39, at Little Falls, to Ilion, in all 16.4 miles. Crosssections and soundings have been taken at 100 feet intervals from Mindenville to Lock No. 36, and from Lock No. 39 to Jacksonburg, in all 10.7 miles.

“ Gages have been established on all permanent structures on the Mohawk river throughout the residency, and weekly readings have been taken to record the height of the water.

“ Preliminary center line borings have been completed from Mindenville to Rocky Rift dam, a distance of 3.9 miles.

“ In the office the work w⁷as begun July 6, and at the time of this report the work done is shown below:

Cross-section notes, reduced and checked, Station 3890 to 4240— 4.6 miles.

. Cross-section notes, plotted and checked, Station 3890 to 4090— 3.8 miles.

Base line coordinates, calculated and checked, Station 3890 to 4940—19.9 miles.

Base line, plotted, Station 3890 to 4940—19.9 miles.

Center line coordinates, calculated and checked, Station 3890 to 4940—19.9 miles.

Center line, plotted, Station 3890 to 4940—19.9 miles.

White paper plans laid out from Station 3890 to 4940—19.9 miles. “The office work has been made of secondary importance, in order that the field work might be completed before cold weather.”

Respectfully,

S. M. SAVAGE,

Resident Engineer.

Champlain Canal, Residencies Nos. 1, 2 and 3. Residency No. 1.

(Waterford to Lock No. 10 at Northumberland, length about 30 miles.)

During the months of June and July, the following work was done:

A complete survey, with borings for a proposed dam and its anchorage on the Hudson river at Stillwater. Continuation of the river survey from the Ferry street bridge at Schuylerville southerly to Ensigns, a distance of about 7 miles. Levels wTere run and bench marks established. Topography was taken on each bank of the river. River gages were established and soundings were taken in the channel from 1^ miles above to i mile below Schuylerville. A stadia survey between Northumberland and Ferry street, Schuylerville, a distance of about 1.9 miles, was completed. After July 31 the survev was postponed until a later date. Gages have been

I!

\\m

t\ V

II

- W?'.. •

-»*

r.4

:₍j

j-

:3r”K

t v^^ii

MB

TS-

Rock ' Breaker, Contract No. 1. Barge Canal — Champlain Route. An imported German machine. The hammer weighs 15 tons.

established and readings taken twice each day, at the following places on the Hudson river:

Below Mechanicville, above and below the Power Company’s dam.

At Mechanicville, on the river bridge.’]

Above Mechanicville, on the railroad^bridge.

At Schuylerville, on the Ferry street bridge.

Above Schuylerville, on the river bridge.

Residency No. 2.

(From Lock No. 10, Northumberland, to the highway at Dunham’s Basin, length 13.75 miles.)

“About miles of the proposed canal on this residency is now under contract, divided as follows:

“Contract No. 1, from Northumberland to Fort Miller and from Crocker’s Reef to about \ mile south of Fort Edward. Length of contract, 7.075 miles.

“ Contract No. 3, from Fort Miller to Crocker’s Reef. Length, 2.164 miles.

“ PreviousHo the letting of these contracts on this residency, the following work was done by the engineering force in connection with the contract work: The center line of the proposed canal from Northumberland to Fort Edward was staked out on the ice at the river sections, and the land between Fort Miller to Crocker’s Reef. A reference line was established on the shore and concrete monuments placed on each angle point off the main base line. Benches were established on these monuments. The entire line of canal was recross-sectioned and borings taken on the land line between Fort Miller and Crocker’s Reef, for use when the contract work started. Monuments were also set on all corners of land appropriate for contract work. The land appropriation maps were plotted and traced, areas computed and descriptions made. All of the cross-sections were replotted.

“The contractors began work on Contract No. 1 about August 1, and on Contract No. 3, April 23. Engineers’ offices were established for each contract, one at Fort Miller, the other at Crocker’s Reef. Engineers are located at each office in charge of the contract work. Their duties have been as follows: Staking out and supervising the work of construction (including inspection), measuring and computing the work done for monthly estimates, and making daily, weekly and monthly reports.

“ Many special surveys have been made in connection withrthe contracts, and much time has been taken in assisting the special Board

of Appraisers to obtain information for the purpose of establishing values and settlements for the lands and buildings appropriated for canal use. Before the contracts for the work were awarded, many contractors made a personal inspection of the site of the proposed canal. All such were accompanied by some member of the State engineering force, in order that the plan of work might be fully understood. For the balance of the residency north of Contract No. 1 to the highway at Dunham’s Basin, the preliminary survey work has been under way—a distance of 4.5 miles for the proposed Barge canal, about % mile of which was river work. A canal center line was run, cross-sections taken and borings on the center line, and for proposed structures made. Paper mounted maps for this survey have been plotted, also the cross-sections. Several canal trial center lines were run and comparative estimates made, with the required cross-sections and borings.

“ Gages have been established and readings taken twice each day, at the following places: Two below and one above the dam at Fort Miller, and one in the pond above Glens Falls feeder dam.

Residency No. 3.

(From the highway at Dunham’s Basin to Lake Champlain at Whitehall, a distance of 19.8 miles.)

“ The survey for the proposed Barge canal on this residency is about completed. Several canal center trial lines were run, cross-sections were taken and borings were made for structures. The comparative estimates of costs were made for different lines, between Dunham’s Basin and Smith’s Basin, on the east and west side of the valley.

“ Plans for contract drawings have been prepared from Whitehall south, for a distance of about 7 miles. 10 miles of State blue line and 6.6 miles of railroad right of way were run. Appropriation surveys were made from Whitehall south to Johnson’s bridge, a distance of about 7 miles. All cross-sections were taken and plotted. Special surveys have been made at Whitehall in Wood creek, near the silk mill, and at the foot of Lock No. 23 on Lake Champlain.”

Respectfully,

JOHN R. KALEY,

Resident Engineer.

Barge Canal Contracts.

The following contracts for the construction of the Barge canal were let:

Contract No. 1, Champlain canal. For excavating the river channel from Northumberland to Fort Miller, and from Crocker’s Reef to

Hi

-S3

t '•<> • V

v- '    '

U';'^    - - V*r. . '    ,:U

;v*S'

II .

•-

i i-:

Sw-

i.

*

HHI

'I

- 'W

CS&J'i

•iP-

e *vat

Eighty-ton Steam-shovel, Contract No. 11, Barge Canal — Erie Route. The capacity of dipper is two and one-half yards.

S§?

.-MHfcw*.'

!

■

'

Fort Edward, the construction of Crocker’s Reef dam, the approaches to the head and foot of “ The Land Line,” and other incidental work. From Station 9 + 52 to Station 147 + 75 and Station 262 to Station 497 + 35, length, 7.075 miles.

Preliminary estimate, $712,823.

Contract price, $605,008.40.

Contractor, Empire Engineering Corporation.

Engineers in charge, John R. Kaley and Herbert Spencer.

Contract No. 2, Erie canal. The excavation and protection of the sides of the canal from the Mohawk river to a point about one-fourth mile west of the head of Lock No. 3, the construction of Locks Nos. 2 and 3, with the approaches and appertaining parts.

Preliminary estimate, $1,176,036.

Contract price, $852,330.

Contractor, Ferguson Contracting Company.

Engineers in charge, H. P. Willis and F. P. Larmon.

Contract No. 2-A, Erie canal. For the removal of certain dwellings, barns, stables, shops, outhouses and other structures, their foundations and other accessories, the cleaning out of all vaults and cesspools and disposal of their contents, from the site of Contract No. 2 (except the “Bush” property.)

Preliminary estimate, $4,810.

Contract price, $7,550.

Contractor, John W. Flynn.

Engineer in charge, H. P. Willis.

Contract No. 2-B, Erie canal. For the removal of the buildings with their foundations and other accessories upon the “Mrs. Bush” property upon the site of Contract No. 2 and the cleaning out of all vaults and cesspools and disposal of their contents.

Preliminary estimate, $1,290.

Contract price, $1,005.

Contractor, John W. Flynn.

Engineer in charge, H. P. Willis.

Contract No. 3, Champlain canal. For the excavation of the canal and the protection of its banks from Station 147 + 75, below Fort Miller Lock (No. 6), to Station 262 + 00, above the guard-gate at Crocker’s Reef; the construction of the Fort Miller Lock (No. 6) and its approaches, the guard-gate and its approaches, the bridge abutments and foundations at Stations 151 + 60, 173 + 18, 213 + 46 and 247 + 50; the removal and reerection of the present bridge at East street; the change in location of the old Champlain canal and all other incidental work.

Preliminary estimate, $874,662.

Contract price, $670,497.

Contractors, Sundstrom and Stratton.

Engineers in charge, John R. Kaley and Pitson J. Cleaver.

Contract No. 3-A, Champlain canal. For the removal of certain dwellings, barns, stables, shops, outhouses and other structures, their foundations and other accessories, the cleaning out of all vaults and cesspools and disposal of their contents, building foundations, for moving house to Parcel No. 148, for excavating cellar and for moving schoolhouse on Parcel No. 141, on the site of Contract No. 3.

Preliminary estimate, $1,615.

Contract price, $300.

Contractors, Sundstrom and Stratton.

Engineers in charge, John R. Kaley and Pitson J. Cleaver.

IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC HIGHWAYS.

(Under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

There have been thirty-six contracts for roads in force on the Eastern Division during the past year, having a total length of 160.52 miles, at an estimated cost of $1,448,411.

CONTRACTS COMPLETED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Turners-Monroe Road, No. 46, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 1.59 miles.

Width of roadway, 22 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $8,630.

Contract dated, June 18, 1901.

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed, November, 1904.

Amount of final estimate, $7,544.75.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Orange county.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and L. T. Howard.

This road extends from the railroad crossing at Turners to the village line'pfjMonroe.

The plans for Road No. 46 provide for new location to get around a hill near the village of Monroe instead of following the old road with steep grades over the hill. The village of Monroe should build within its limits about 400 feet of roadway, which is now very bad, to make a continuous good road to the main part of the village.

Cochecton Turnpike Road (Section 1), No. 113, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 2.29 miles.

Width of broken stone, 12 feet.

Width of roadway, 22 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $23,705.

Contract dated, June 20, 1902.

Work started, July, 1902.

Work completed, December, 1904.

Amount of final estimate, $21,714.45.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Orange county.

Engineers in charge, C. H. MacCulloch in 1902; F. M. Williams after that date.

Road No. 113 and Road No. 43 connect the village of Montgomery with Newburgh. There were several very steep hills on this road as it leads out of the Hudson river valley from Newburgh. These made necessary several heavy cuts and fills to keep the grades within a 6 per cent maximum grade. Material, local field stone and local limestone, bound with screenings of same and sand.

Central Valley-Turners Road, No. 115, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 2.62 miles.

Width of gravel, 16 feet.

Width of roadway, 20 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $33,117.

Contract dated, June 20, 1902.

Work started, June, 1902.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $29,285.65.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Orange county.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and H. E. Breed.

Road No. 115 connects the existing and proposed improved system of roads extending from Suffern, near the New Jersey line, across Rockland and Orange counties westerly to Port Jervis, with the existing and improved road northerly to Newburgh and up the valley of the Hudson river.

An undercrossing was placed under the main line tracks of the Erie railroad near Turners. Local gravel was used for the surface.

Plattsburg-Mooers Road (Section 1), No. 138, Clinton County, N. Y.

Length of road-, 7.57 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $64,800.

Contract dated, June 16, 1903.

Work started, July, 1903.

Work completed, January, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $52,648.85.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineers in charge, O. J. Dempster and L. L. Melius.

Local field stone was used to form the macadam on this road between Station 0 and Station 77. From Station 77 to Station 170 local field stone was used in the bottom course and local limestone for the top course. From Station 170 to Station 400 local field stone was used for both courses. Sand was used for filler in the bottom course, and local stone screenings mixed with sand for binding the top course.

This road forms part of the proposed macadam road from Platts-burg to Mooers. It extends from a point near the south line of the town of Chazy, northwesterly in the towns of Chazy and Beekman-town, a distance of 7.57 miles, through the village of West Chazy.

Kingston-Ellenville Road (Section 3), No. 141, Ulster County, N. Y.

Length of road, 6.82 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $64,200.

Contract dated, June 16, 1903.

Work started, August, 1903.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $57,899.36.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineers in charge, F. N. Sanders and G. H. Penfield.

Local bluestone and limestone were used to form the macadam on this road. Sand was used as a filler for the bottom course, and blue-stone and limestone, with screenings of same, as a binder for top course.

This road forms part of the proposed highway from Kingston to Ellenville, extending from the village line of Ellenvijle 6.82 miles, northerly.

rf-'S

IP

«§!

•nmm

IV

flfeE

14

**k-

1\

MM

■■

S¹

PI

PI, •

053”

**s

pi]

r-i^S * -! mm

A\yiW;:

XlM&i

m$h

A-

<v

i.

*!,«

ki

?!

i:

IS

;.jf

’ L.

, ■ ,    , .    , ,    of Union Church, looking east down a long 8 per cent

highway retained by deep cutting and nigh bank walls.    ° P

Albany County. X. Y.; Delaware Turnpike, Section 3, Road No. 178 progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. Just west Location in old

in

■

»

<

V

*

*

Cross River-Turk Hill Road, No. 150, Westchester County,

■ N. Y.

Length of road, 3.27 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $39,250.

Contract dated, June 19, 1903.

Work started, March, 1904.

Work completed, May, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $28,754.57.

Contractors, Ganung and Hoyt.

Engineers in charge, G. D. Williams until September 1, 1904; F. P. Williams, F. J. Mulvaney, and F. P. Larmon after that date.

Local granitic rock was used in forming both courses of the macadam on this road. Sand and granitic rock screenings were used as a binder. This road forms part of the east side roads through Westchester county, connecting Road No. 144 on the south at Cross River and Road No. 151 on the north at Turk Hill.

Chester-Goshen Road, No. 156, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.10 miles.

Width of gravel, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $26,380.

Contract dated, July 12, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $23,176.10.

Contractors, Hayes and Norton.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and A. W. Smith.

Local gravel was used to form the wearing surface.

Road No. 156 extends from the village of Chester, northwesterly to the village of Goshen.

Middletown-Slate Hill Road, No. 159, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.49 miles.

Width of gravel, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $15,930.

Contract dated, June 15, 1904. ,

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed, December, 1904.

Amount of final estimate, $14,383.55.

Contractor, Ira M. Luddington.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and A. C. Perkins.

Local gravel was used to form the wearing surface.

Road No. 159 connects Road No. 95 on the north near Middle-town and Road No. 160 on the southwest at the village of Slate Hill.

Oneonta Road, No. 162, Otsego County, N. Y.

Length of road, 1.39 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $12,150.

Contract dated, June 9, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed, April, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $10,736.09.

Contractor, Joseph Walker.

Engineers in charge, H. W. DeGraff and E. W. Sylvester.

Local stone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand and limestone screenings were used as a binder.

Road No. 162 extends from the end of the car tracks near Reynolds avenue, easterly 1.39 miles to Emmons Corners.

Mohawk River Turnpike Road (East), No. 180, Montgomery County, N. Y.

Length'of road, 2.82 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $27,100.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Work started, June, 1904.

Work completed, August, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $23,750.13.

Contractor, Buckley Construction Company.

Engineers in charge, H. W. DeGraff and George Conover.

Local limestone was used for both courses with sand filler for bottom course, and limestone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 180 extends from the easterly city line of Amsterdam down the Mohawk valley through Cranesville to what is known as Swartz hill. This road forms a part of the system of roads across the State from Albany to Buffalo.

Troy-Sand Lake Road, No. 194, Rensselaer County, hi. Y.

Length of road, 1.49 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $15,200.

lypiMIlMi

***

ir

gr- •■-' ft.®

MF*

•swwssii**'.

Ad

•It

If

ym

V-

S'*

*3

If

4'.

'<& t <y5#

6,

m Tin

: '* >

'.k t.

'•ii

94 J

Ml

* *!a\

;,J|

Albany County, N. Y.; Delaware Turnpike, Section 3, Road No. 178.

In progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. One-quarter mile east of Clarksville, showing new location. Old highway with 12 per cent grade appears in photograph.

*

Contract dated, June 10, 1904.

Work started, January, 1905.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $13,617.65.

Contractor, Frank Pidgeon.

Engineer in charge, James T. Brady.

Local limestone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and limestone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 194 extends from the road intersection at Averill Park, northerly 1.49 miles. This road, with Roads Nos. 77, 201 and 288, forms a continuous macadam road from the city line of Troy to Averill Park.

Brick Church-Rock Hollow Road, No. 197, Rensselaer ' County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.33 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $33,800.

Contract dated, June 13, 1904.

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed, August, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $30,339.95.

Contractor, Wm. H. Masterson.

Engineer in charge, N. A. Taylor.

Local stone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and local stone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 197 extends from the intersection of Road No. 25 and Road No. 84, easterly through Clum’s Corners and Cropseyville to the bridge crossing the Quackenkill at Rock Hollow.

Old Northern Turnpike Road, No. 200, Rensselaer County, N. Y.

Length of road, 2.75 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 and 20 feet. Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $27,250. Contract dated, July 12, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $23,817.99. Contractor, Martin Murray.

¹ Engineers in charge, S. W. Belding to September 1, 1904; F. B. Morss and P. Filkin after that date.

Limestone from Whitehall was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for the bottom course, and limestone screenings as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 200 extends from the bridge over the Hoosic river at Eagle Bridge, westerly through the villages of Eagle Bridge and Buskirks, also a spur line, northerly 1,631 lineal feet, to Buskirk’s bridge. The macadam was widened to 20 feet through the villages of Eagle Bridge and Buskirks.

Roxbury Road, No. 216, Delaware County, N. Y.

Length of road, 0.95 mile.

Width of macadam, 14 to 30 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $11,000.

Contract dated, July 14, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed, August, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $9,742.35.

Contractor, Simon B. Van Wagonen.

Engineers in charge, F. N. Sanders and H. C. Titus.

Local stone was used for forming the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, local stone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 216 extends from a point near the U. & D. R. R. station, northeasterly through the village of Roxbury to the bridge over the East branch of the Delaware river.

Grand Gorge Road, No. 217, Delaware County, N. Y.

Length of road, 1 mile.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $9,900.

Contract dated, July 14, 1904.

WTork started, May, 1905.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $8,644.57.

Contractor, Simon B. Van Wagonen.

Engineer in charge, H. C. Titus.

Local stone used for forming the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, local stone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 217 extends from the toll road in the village of Grand Gorge along the road toward Roxbury past the Grand Gorge R. R. station, a distance of 1 mile.

Richfield Springs-Cherry Valley Road, No. 219, Otsego

County, N. Y.

Length of road, 0.68 mile.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $7,290.

Contract dated, August 6, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $5,763.45.

Contractor, Don B. Joslyn.

Engineers in charge, H. W. DeGraff and James T. Brady. Limestone was used for forming the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, limestone screening as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 219 extends from the corporation line of Richfield Springs, easterly to the Herkimer county line.

Worcester Road, No. 220, Otsego County, N. Y.

Length of road, 0.98 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate for total cost, $10,970.

Contract dated, July 14, 1904.

Work started, September, 1904.

Work completed, May, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $9,727.71.

Contractor, Simon B. Van Wagonen.

Engineers in charge, H. W. DeGraff and G. G. Underhill during 1904, and E. W. Sylvester in 1905.

Local stone was used for forming the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand and local stone screenings were used as a binder, and the shoulders were made of selected gravel. The widths of the roadway vary from 22 to 40 feet.

Road No. 220 extends from the property line of the D. & H. R. R. Co., northerly through the village of Worcester, also that portion of the highway extending from the bridge over the Parker creek, easterly for about 3,800 feet.

Hughsonville Road, No. 222, Dutchess County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.467 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $33,040.

Contract dated, June 13, 1904.

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Amount of final estimate, $29,054.14. .

Contractor, Frank Pidgeon.

Engineers in charge, F. N. Sanders and Wm. W. Peabody during 1904, and G. A. Ensign in 1905.

Local limestone was used for forming the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and local limestone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 222 extends from the village line of Wappinger Falls, southerly through Hughsonville to the town line of Fishkill.

CONTRACTS PENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Turk Hill-Putnam County Line Road, No. 151, Westchester

County, N. Y.

Length of road, 5.99 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $70,650.

Contract dated, June 19, 1903.

Work started, April, 1905.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 38 per cent.

Contractors, Ganung and Hoyt.

Engineer in charge, Perry Filkin.

Local granitic rock was used in forming both courses of the macadam on this road. Sand and granitic rock screenings were used as a binder.

Road No. 151, when finished, will afford a continuous macadam road along the east side of Westchester county for a distance of about 31 miles, commencing at the corporate lines of White Plains and extending northerly through the villages of Valhalla, Kensico, Armonk, New Castle, Bedford, Cross River, Salem Center, North Salem to the Putnam county line.

Newburgh-Campbell Hall Road, No. 153, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 13.38 miles.

Width of macadam, gravel or shale, 12 feet.

; ti?-.

rd

.•***

if

I*

!f?S

rW*'

vS{-f- ‘

T.

(SSji

<T%

■P'-i

r

j»v

&■

y*

>Ss*

’ --

'U

|»

Jf

if: .

i • #»

Man

'?3

.Jag

fc:

;aH

; ' W*J

iff

lift; -i ■>.-.■

|v’ I i

■"

§u

ft; ■

Rensselaer County, N. Y.; Wynantskill-West Sand Lake Road, No. 195.

In progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. Three-quarters mile north of West Sand Lake. Base of loeal stone, with sand filler; top of local stone, bound with screenings of same.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $94,438.

Contract dated, June 24, 1903.

Work started, August, 1903.

York completed to October l,r1905,r96 per cent.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Orange county.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and H. E. Breed.

Local gravel and crushed field stone were used to form the wearing surface. .

Road No. 153 extends from the city of Newburgh, westerly through the villages of Little Britain and Burnside to Campbell Hall, where it joins the improved highway between Goshen and Montgomery, known as Road No. 65.

Chester-Vail’s Gate Road, No. 154, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 11.49 miles.

Width of gravel and shale, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $58,210.

Contract dated, June 24, 1903.

Work started, July, 1903.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 99 per cent.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Orange county.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams, H. E. Breed and Lloyd Olmstead.

Local gravel and broken shale were used to form the wearing sur

face.

Road No. 154 commences at Road No. 42 at Vail’s Gate, and extends southwesterly through the village of Salisbury to the east corporate limits of Washingtonville, thence from the west corporate limits of said village through Blooming Grove and Craigsville to the village line of Chester.

Slate Hill-Unionville Road, No. 160, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 8.38 miles.

Width of gravel, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $52,000.

Contract dated, June 18, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 67 per cent.

Contractor, Orange County Road Construction Co.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and M. W. Williams.

Local gravel was used to form the wearing surface.

Road No. 160 joins Road No. 159 on the northeast at Slate Hill and extends to the village of Unionville on the southwest.

Newburgh-Shawangunk Road, No. 161, Orange County, N. Y.

Length of road, 8.61 miles.

Width of gravel and macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $54,120.

Contract dated, June 18, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 63 per cent.

Contractor, Orange County Road Construction Co.

Engineers in charge, F. M. Williams and H. E. Poole.

Local stone was used from Station 0 + 0 to Station 191 + 0 and gravel is to be used from Station 191 + 0 to Station 454 + 78 to form the wearing surface.

Road No. 161 extends from the city line of Newburgh, northwesterly to the Ulster county line, connecting with the proposed system of improved highways throughout Ulster county.

Albany-Schenectady Road, No. 176, Albany County, N. Y.

Length of road, 2.31 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $23,000.

Contract dated, July 26, 1904.

Work started, August, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 98 per cent.

Contractor, Robert Shafer.

Engineer in charge, Charles H. Fosdick.

Mohawk valley limestone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and limestone screenings were used as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 176 extends from the city line of Albany, westerly along the main highway to Schenectady, a distance of 2.31 miles, to the Wolf Road. This road will be completed and opened to traffic this season.

Schoharie Road (Sections 1 and 2), No. 177, Albany County, N.Y.

Length of road, 5 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $46,980.

Contract dated, June 9, 1904.

Work started, July, 1904.

V'

jfe

/,j|

JM

Op •':•• W&3»

t\

If

i,'

Rensselaer County, N. Y.; Wynantskill-West Sand Lake Road, No. 195.

In progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. In village of West Sand Lak;e, showing shallow paved ditches, with macadam extending to ditches.

i5

w. ; -..Vr, jBH

¹ ^ ;■■■■■»/ •;

ft' V

if * •;

R •.

KH

i#

I

Igp* ’

!§

■ »■

i- •

.*

*~S ,/

a.

w*ctx

ff ;

life's

Kara

•X,:    • I' «

r »■'- <J§$p

*• ' '

ill

|:i

Work completed to October 1, 1905/79 per cent.

Contractor, Albany Material and Construction Company. Engineers in charge, Theodore A. Hendrickson in 1904; R. E. Phillips, 0. J. Dempster and J. C. Patrick in 1905.

The bottom course of this road was built of local field stone, with sand and screenings for filler, and the top course was formed of South Bethlehem limestone and screenings for binder.

Section No. 1 of the road extends from the village line of Alta-mont, easterly to the West Shore R. R. at Guilderland Center.

Section No. 2 extends from the easterly town line of Knox, westerly to the Gallup schoolhouse. On the old highway there were grades ranging from 15 to 20 per cent, and to avoid these a new location was acquired for about 3,100 feet, with grades not exceeding 6 per cent.

Delaware Turnpike Road (Section 3), No. 178, Albany County,

N. Y.

Length of road, 7.38 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $96,700.

Contract dated, June 8, 1904.

Work started, June, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 72 per cent.

Contractor, Jeremiah T. Finch.

Engineers in charge, E. A. Lamb and Wm. R. Trumbull.

Schoharie limestone was used from Station 0 to Station 80 for both courses; sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and Schoharie limestone screenings for top course. From Station 80 local limestone was used for both courses with sand as a filler for bottom course, and local limestone screenings as a binder for the top course.

This road had a number of exceedingly heavy grades on a very treacherous clay soil, and was practically impassable in the spring and fall. To keep within an 8 per cent maximum grade, it was necessary to make heavy cuts, and also to acquire new locations near Union Church and Clarksville.

Road No. 178 is a continuation of Roads Nos. 7 and 41 and extends through the village of Clarksville to the bridge over Oniskathau creek.

Schenectady-Albany Road, No. 179, Schenectady County, N. Y.

Length of road, 2.35 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $31,200.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Work started, April, 1905.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 63 per cent.

Contractor, Buckley Construction Company.

Engineer in charge, William E. Petty.

Mohawk valley limestone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and limestone screenings were used as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 179 extends from the city line of Schenectady, easterly along the main highway to Albany, a distance of 2.35 miles, to the Albany county line.

This road will be completed and open to traffic before the season closes.

Beaver Dam Road, No. 192, Albany County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.54 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $35,380.

Contract dated, June 9, 1904.

Work started, August, 1905.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 51 per cent.

Contractor, Joseph Walker.

Engineer in charge, F. J. Mulvaney.

Local limestone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and limestone screenings were used as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 192 extends from the south line of the town of Knox, southerly to the village of Berne, thence westerly to West Berne.

River Road, No. 193, Albany County, N. Y.

Length of road, 8.13 miles.

Width of macadam, 12, 14 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $90,350.

Contract dated, June 11, 1904.

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 97 per cent.

Contractor, James Anderson. Assigned to J. T. Finch.

Engineer in charge, L. L. Melius.

Clinton Point limestone was used for bottom course with sand for filler. Trap rock[ wasYsed^for top course, with limestone screenings for binder.

Road No. 193 extends from the Glenmont station on the West Shore R. R., southerly along the west bank of the Hudson river to

II?

iV

mm

w»-

PP

1/

' "••A    ’

{«: '.

4'

m

f:;

Albany County, N. Y.; Delaware Turnpike, Section 4, Road No. 198.

In progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. Two miles northwest of Clarksville, showing new location Wolf hill. Old highway shown at right of photograph.

the intersection with the Selkirk-Becker’s Corners Road, thence westerly through the village of Selkirk to the Stone Road at Becker’s Corners.

Wynantskill-West Sand Lake Road, No. 195, Rensselaer

County, N. Y.

Length of road, 4.01 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $39,400.

Contract dated, June 23, 1904.

Work started, October, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 48 per cent.

Contractor, Thomas H. Karr.

Engineer in charge, Ralph Russell.

Local stone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and local stone screenings were used as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 195 extends from the village of West Sand Lake, northerly to State Road No. 77, in the village of Wynantskill. This road when completed, together with Road No. 77, will afford a continuous macadam road from the city line of Troy to West Sand Lake.

East Nassau Road, No. 196, Rensselaer County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.02 miles.

Width of gravel, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $18,121.

Contract dated, June 23, 1904,

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 72 per cent.

Contractor, Thomas H. Karr.

Engineer in charge, F. P. Larmon in 1904; R. Russell during 1905.

Local gravel was used to form the wearing surface.

Road No. 196 is a continuation of improved road No. 55 on the north and extends from the village line of Hoag’s Corners southerly to East Nassau. This road, together with State Roads Nos. 55, 194 and 77 already built, and Nos. 284 and 288 which, no doubt, will be contracted for this coming year, providing a sufficient appropriation is passed by the Legislature, will afford a continuous improved road from the city line of Troy to the village of East Nassau passing through the following settlements: Wynantskill, Glasshouse, Averill Park, Hoag’s Corners and Sand Lake to East Nassau.

37

Delaware Turnpike Road (Section 4), No. 198, Albany

County, N. Y.

Length of road, 6.527 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $71,100.

Contract dated, June 9, 1904.

Work started, June, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 75 per cent.

Contractor, Michael F. Dollard.

Engineers in charge, E. A. Lamb and J. C. Patrick.

Local limestone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and local limestone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 198 is an extension of Roads Nos. 178, 41 and 7, and for nearly the entire length leaves the line of the direct road to Rens-selaerville, most of the road being a new location. The ascent of the Helderbergs is made around the north side of Wolf hill, nothing steeper than five per cent, grades being used, with but few descending grades. This detour avoids the very steep grades and deep gullies of the present highway, which, at one place, rises five hundred feet in about three-quarters of a mile.

Delaware Turnpike Road (Section 5), No. 199, Albany County, N. Y.

Length of road, 7.871 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $66,750.

Contract dated, June 9, 1904.

Work started, September, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 99 per cent.

Contractor, Joseph^Walker.

Engineers in charge, E. A. Lamb and H. E. Fraleigh in 1904; E. A. Lamb and F. J. Mulvaney in 1905.

Local stone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for bottom course, and local stone screenings as a binder for top course.

Road No. 199 is an extension of Roads Nos. 198, 178, 41, and 7. From Reidsville to Rensselaerville the line follows the highway known as the old. plank road, entering Rensselaerville by the only road having easytgrades, thus avoiding the crossing of a high ridge with steep grades.

-.<•

"rSA

TM

Vi

'S

•? ;.L

SI

:i

■ft?

pf

$£j

&■;

i? '

Jii V

\ f?*

*tl

jru

fijl

17*1

BfS

wiM

■■ ;,

A All' a '\p\m m-rim

f-

|1

if.

MS

II

', '.ft

Albany County, A. Y.; Delaware Turnpike, Section 4, Road No. 198.

In progress of improvement by State Engineer in 1905. Three and a half miles northwest of Clarksville, showing new location. Wolf hill (Helderbergs) is in background. Old highway ascends Helderbergs directly, rising 500 feet in about three-quarters mile. New location makes a detour around Wolf hill, ascending generally on a 5 per cent grade.

Troy-Poestenkill Road, No. 201, Rensselaer County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.60 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $33,450.

Contract dated, June 13, 1904.

Work started, June, 1905.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 16 per cent.

Contractor, William H. Masterson.

Engineer in charge, E. W. Sylvester.

Local stone was used to form the macadam in both courses of this road. Sand was used as a filler for the bottom course, and local stone screenings were used as a binder for the top course.

Road No. 201 extends from the old toll gate on the Troy-Sand Lake road, easterly to Hunt’s hotel in the village of Poestenkill. This is a continuation of Road No. 77 which starts at the city line of Troy.

Boston and Albany Road, No. 202, Rensselaer County, N. Y.

Length of road, 5.42 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $54,506.

Contract dated, June 23, 1904.

Work started, July, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 95 per cent.

Contractor, The Scofield Company.

Engineers in charge, Perry Filkin and F. B. Morss.

Local stone was used for bottom course with sand filler; for the top course trap rock was used, with local stone screenings and sand as a binder.

Road No. 202 extends from the easterly boundary of the city of Rensselaer through East Greenbush to the junction with the Post Road near Schodack. This road is a part of the main road from Albany to Boston.

South Road, No. 223, Dutchess County, N. Y.

Length of road, 3.904 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; thickness of macadam, 8 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $49,550.

Contract dated, July 20, 1904.

Work started, October, 1904.

Work completed to October 1, 1905, 83 per cent.

Contractor, James E. Martin.

Engineer in charge, George A. Ensign.

Local limestone was used for bottom course, which is 6 inches thick, with sand filler; for the top course, 2 inches thick, trap rock was used, with limestone screenings as a binder.

Road No. 223 extends from the city line of Poughkeepsie, southerly to Casper creek.

Respectfully submitted,

A statement of engineering expenses of the Division is hereto annexed.

C. W. TRUMBULL, Division Engineer.

Improvement of Public Highways.

Recapitulation of Work Done to September 30, 1905.

COUNTY.

Miles under contract during year ending September 30, 1905.

Miles of plans and estimates completed prior to September 30, 1904.

Miles of plans and estimates completed prior to September 30, 1905.

’g'S i -S

d||l| all

J|asl

i h m

a“g I <~*?g S.S-g ; o.S£

111® I ill

s §

ft

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1904.

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1905.

Miles of contracts completed during year ending September 30, 1905.

Albany.........

Clinton.........

Columbia.......

Delaware.......

Dutchess.......

Essex..........

Fulton.........

Greene.........

Hamilton.......

Herkimer.......

Montgomery... .

Nassau.........

Orange.........

Otsego.........

Putnam........

Rensselaer......

Rockland.......

Saratoga.......

Schenectady....

Suffolk.........

Sullivan........

Ulster..........

W arren........

W ashington.... Westchester... .

40.76    79.348|    79.348

7.57    39.93

4.94 ;

15.054,

14.671 . 2.64 !

28.14 i

1.95

7.37

5.62

3.44 9.38 57.424 1.16 54.95 154.723 3.05

2.82

23.62

2.35

21.137

23.231

59.17

11.11

34.305

8.721

56.25 4.94

15.054

21.931

2.64

50.25 5.62 3.44

108.30 102.664 43.195 212.223 21.137 30.456 102.90 11.11 55.065 20.235

16.32

19.60

7.20

14.69

10.09

14.69

17.66

1.13

1.91

7.26

48.48

2.57

3.29

1.13

4.52

6.76

7.57

1.95

3.47

22.11

98.92

45.24

42.035

57.50

7.225

43.73

20.76

11.514

6.41

8.59

8.59

64.85

.87

30.91

46.13

22.95

2.70

15.15

2.29

19.344

2.29

22.164

2.82

53.55

.50

66.64

3.55

13.09

3.05

16.83    24.40

6.73

6.73

7.57

Total

....    1.91

... .    11.32    .    _____

6.82 140.2481 151.185

.....66    i    17.30

---    8.77

95.06

1,232.303

11.32

24.05

3.41

12.60

5.371

12.60

5.371

8.77

9.26    78.68

160.52 815.732

10.937

16.64

16.38

416.571

8.72

5.90

307.33

37.29    44.11

7.09

51.73

7.09

55.00

253.685 303.295

6.82

3.27

49.61

The Following Statements Show the Names, Rank and Compensation of Engineers Employed in the Eastern Division of the Department op the State Engineer and Surveyor, Together with Incidental Expenses, for the Fiscal Yeak Ending September 30, 1905.

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services, j Travel. I Total.

C. W. Trumbull... Division engineer... . Noble E. Whitford Resident

W. J. Valleau.....Financial clerk......

Parkes D. Wendell Estimate clerk.......

W. B. Strong.....Estimate clerk.......

Matie Kelly......Stenographer........

Jean Watts.......Stenographer........

John J. Allen.....Canal clerk..........

S.    M. Savage.....Assistant engineer .. .

R. S. Greenman... Assistant engineer... .

T.    A. Hendrickson Leveler.............

H. J. Richardson.. Rodman............

E. G. Raynor.....Rodman............

Frank Roberts.... Rodman............

J. H. McElroy.... Rodman............

Walter G. Craig... Chainman...........

M. Stanley Bierce. j Chainman...........

Herbert C. Wells.. I Chainman...........

T. T. Bissell......Laborer.............

B.    R. Healey.....j Laborer.............

Levi L. Gowdy.. . Laborer.............

A. P. Reynolds.. . Laborer.............

C.    A. Smith......I Laborer.............

Herbert Soules.... j Laborer.............

C. G. Van Alstyne.l Laborer

engineer... .

$3,600 per year $2,850 00 2,400 per year 200 "" 2,400 per year 4 00 per day

4    00 per dayj 75 00 per month

15 00 per week

6 00 per day

5    00 per day 4 50 per day 4 00 per-day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day

2    50 per day

3    00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

001 600 00 248 00 60 00 397 50 35 00'

50 00 955 00 117 00 256 00 213 97 38 50 188 00 81 00 70 00 6 00 16 00 52 00 26 00 12 00 12 00 34 00 56 001

• tocoto

CO • <1 tO <1

§: SSS

8 78

76 35

$2,850 00 200 00 600 00 248 00 60 00 397 50 35 00 27 92 82 08 982 59 117 00 259 20 213 97 47 28 188 00 81 00 70 00 6 00 16 00 52 00 26 00 12 00 12 00 34 00 132 35

Stationery and printing.

Livery.................

Fuel and light..........

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$6,749 89

$82 54 16 00 214 50 86 79 251 84 685 55

1,337 22

Total

$8,087 11

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Champlain Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

W. J. Valleau.....

Parkes D. Wendell

W. B. Strong.....

Matie Kelly......

Nellie Clark......

Financial clerk Estimate clerk. Estimate clerk. Stenographer.. Stenographer..

$1 20

$200 0O 353 20 112 00 225 00 166 66

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—-Champlain Canal—(Continued).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

H. B. Furnside...

Noble E. Whitford R. S. Greenman...

G.    H. Schillner...

H.    J. Richardson..

J. H. McElroy....

M. D. Casler......

Walter G. Craig...

M. Stanley Bierce.

Levi L. Gowdy.. .

John S. Heath... .

Thomas Rattoone.

C. G. Van Alstyne. Laborer

Stenographer........

Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... .

Draftsman..........

Rodman............

Rodman............

Rodman............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Laborer.........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

$15 00 per week 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$42 14 156 00 590 00 20 00 164 00 80 00 17 50 78 00 160 00 58 00 12 00 54 00 68 00

$16 05

74 88

$42 14 156 00 606 05 20 00 164 00 80 00 17 50 78 00 160 00 58 00 12 00 54 00 142 88

Stationery and printing.....

Fuel and light.............

Postage...................

Telephone and telegraph.... Miscellaneous..............

Incidental Expenses.

$2,647 43

$71 47 103 56 53 50 466 86 570 07

1,265 46

Total

$3,912 89

Construction of Barge Canal—Head Office Account.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903: Chapter 143. Laws of 1905.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

H. A. Van Alstyne H. C. Allen.......

State engineer and

surveyor..........

Special deputy state

engineer..........

Special resident engi-

$5,000 per year

neer............. 4,500 per year

Chief bridge designer] 3,000 per year Resident engineer... .    2,400 per year

Assistant chief bridge

designer............ 183 33 per month

Mechanical engineer

and draftsman.....1140 00 per month]

Bridge designer......1140 00 per month]

Bridge designer......] 140 00 per month

Bridge designer...... 125 00 per month,

H..T. Scheuermann Bridge    designer...... 140    00 per month]

O. H. Stratton.... Bridge    designer......125    00 per month

S.    B. Knowlton.. . Bridge    designer...... 125    00 per month

T.    C. Brooks.....Bridge    draftsman....    ,115    00 per month

A. G. Hayden... . Bridge    draftsman.. .    .    115    00 per month

H. F. Kellogg. . . . 'Bridge    draftsman...    .    115    00 per month

Arthur F. Frost... Bridge    draftsman...    .    110    00 per month]

Bridge draftsman... . 100 00 per month Bridge draftsman.... 100 00 per month] . . Bridge draftsman. .. . 100 00 per month1 . . j Junior bridge draftsman..............

J. P. Burns.......Bridge draftsman. , . .

A. T. Clark, Jr... . (Junior bridge drafts-

] man..............

Expert designer, mov-

W. B. Landreth...

William R. Davis. Noble E. Whitford John G. Peck.....

F. E. Blake

G. M. Braune.....

E. A. Brainerd Lemuel Holmes...

E. J. Doyle.....

H. N. Peck...

E. G. Semon. . . W. H. Snyder. .

D. A. Watt.

W. L. Sibert,

A. A. Conger

able dams.........

Expert on movable

j dams.............

Expert lock designer.

75 00 per month| 100 00 per month!

75 00 per month)

275 00 per month

200 00 per month]

$4,999 92,

4,200 00 2,440 78' 600 00

2,189 48

1.454    03 1 ,289 06] 1,494 72 1,365 73 1,467 99

1.455    21 94 67

1,095 15 1,225 27 1,245 26 166 77 1,193 55 995 64 900 84

162 10 548 85

187 66

2,318 60

400 00 2,084 33

$106 00 611 84i 309 78'

"io’70

5 20

119 99

43 07 20 51

$106 00

5,611 76

4,509 78 2,440 78 610 70

2,189 48

1.454    03 1,289 06 1,494 72 1,365 73 1,473 10

1.455    21 94 67

1,095 15 1,225 27 1,245 26 166 77 1,193 55 995 64 900 84

162 10 548 85

187 66

2,438 59

443 07 2,104 84

Construction of Barge Canal—Head Office Account—(Continued).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Glenn D. Holmes., jExpert, canal and

water-supply......

(Financial clerk......

Parkes D. Wendell (Estimate clerk.......

Nellie Clark......(Stenographer........

Matie Kelly......! Stenographer........

Jean Watts.......(Stenographer (tem-

( porary)...........

Cleora Van Vleck. | Stenographer........

I. J. Morris.......Chief clerk..........

Geo. L. Schillner.. (Draftsman H, O. Schermer-i horn

Orson Richards.. . (Draftsman B. O. Burgin.....(Draftsman

B.    W. Rosekrans.: Draftsman

G.    Andrews......

W. J. Pfcard.....

C.    E. Altenberg...

H.    D. Alexander. .

W. J. Valleau

Draftsman

Draftsman.......i . .

Tracer..............

Tracer..............

First assistant engineer..............

Assistant engineer.... j Assistant engineer... . ( Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... .

Assistant engineer.....

Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . (Assistant engineer... . James Burden.... (Assistant engineer... . Edwin Hilborn. . . (Assistant engineer... . W. H. Van Wie... (Assistant engineer... . George M. Bull.... I Assistant engineer... . j B. Palmer.....(Assistant engineer... . (

G.    G. Underhill... (Assistant engineer... . (

Wm. P. Creager... (Assistant engineer... . j C. H. Hoyt.......'Assistant engineer... .

F.    C. Davis.......(Assistant engineer... .

George F. Chism. . Assistant engineer... . Thos. F. Nichols... (Assistant engineer... .

T. M. Ripley.....(Assistant engineer... .

R. S. Greenman.. . (Assistant engineer... .

L.    S. Hulburd... . I Leveler.............

George H. Penfieldj Leveler.............

C. R. Chase

T. A. Hendrickson! Leveler.

C. F. Fisher......| Leveler.

Harry A. Weeks.. Leveler.

H.    J. Richardson.. Rodman Frank Roberts.... Rodman J. H. McElroy.... Rodman

E.    G. Raynor.....

H. Shoemaker....

G.    W. Ellis.......

Howard Crounse..

F.    L. Fonda......

R. J. Lyon.......

M.    Stanley Bierce.

Fred La Forge....

Paul Seurot......

C. S. Allen.......Laborer

Theron Ainsworth (Labo J. L. Banker..

L.    G. Boyle...

B. Bachureten

M.    F. Bolton.

T. T. Bissell...

Frank Bond...

Thomas Clancey.. I.aborer

R.    P. Campfield...'Laborer

LeRoy Clark.....

S.    F. Carlisle.....

Austin Clare......

Frank C. Dickey..

John Duggan.....

C. Arthur Poole... Louis W. Hall....

P. H. Dater......

J. W. Pfau.......

F. N. Sanders. . . .

Clark Brown.....

F. P. Williams.... H. W. DeGraff... .

M.

Leveler

Rodman...........

Rodman............

Rodman............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Chainman. .■.........

Chainman...........

Foreman of borings. . Translator..........

(Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

S200 00 per mo. 200 00 per month

4    00 per day 83 33 per month

' 75 00 per month

65 00 per month 60 00 per month

5    00 per day

5 00 per day 5 00 per day

5    00 per day 4 50 per day

4    00 per day

2    50 per day 32 50 per month

7 00 per day

6    00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day

5    00 per day

6    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day

3    50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day

2    50 per day

3    50 per day

2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day!

SI,712 12 1,000 00 52 00 708 30 274 16

$247 00 100 53

SI,959 12 1,100 53 52 00 708 30 274 16

65 00 600 00

1,040 00

1,348 90 1,535 00 135 00 1,361 21

981

69

695 36 13 00

2,209 1,857 1 ,779 1,121 1,819 1 ,569 1,661

667

725

1,565

177

1,430

1,406

on

1.1

• 'O

20

18

46

97

26

MO

30

96

997 01

468

611

310

237

To

7 92

11 72

1 80 438 42

16 19

6 68

10 53

3 21

65 00 600 00 7 QO

1,040 65

1,348 90 1,546 72 135 00 1,361 21 981 69 695 36 13 00

08

46

20

S"

MM

72

00

966 96

401

7>:;o

238

189

183

;; in

988

i.’s

243

27,1

1,209

795

445

110

21

45

619

593

730

70_'

76

7.0

98

728

26

;,o

SM

MM

50

MM

50

oo

oo

89

32

00

00

31

43

00

OO

00

00

3 96

52 45

6 00

35 36

19 60

7 18

296! 5'70

2,210 80 2,296 06 1,779 60 1,137 39 1,819 18 1,569 46 1,661 97 667 84 731 94 1,565 00 177 84 1,441 06 1,406 30 694 17 997 01 883 04 468 46 339 20 611 89 362 45 237 72

75    00 966 96 401 33 539 26 244 50 189 00 183 80 375 36 988 50

47 60 243 50 261 18 63 00 1,209 89 795 03 448 28 110 00 26 70 45 00 619 31 593 43 730 00 262 00

76    00 256 00

50 00 98 00 728 00 588 00 118 00 149 63 28 00 269 60 158 06

00

88l

63; 28 00 269 66 158 00 (

7.ss

118

149

Construction of Barge Canal—Head Office Account—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

L. R. Ellis.......

L. L. Gowdy.....

T. M. Hill........

C. Hill, Jr........

Benj. R. Healey..

E. W. Judd......

C. F. Kinloch.....

L. J. Mayer.......

John Macdonald. . J. H. McCormack, Jr.............

E.    C. Pierce......

F.    M. Romeyn.... Thomas Rattoone.

C. P. Rose.......

J. J. Roach.......

E. J. Sipple......

G.    H. Shufelt.....

C. A. Smith......

Robert Walker.... W. E. Waterbury.

Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer; Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer.

Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2. 00 per day

2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$216 00 114 00 650 39 591 16 178 00 124 00 542 61 256 00 176 00

635 86 462 00 90 00 430 00 74 00 97 51 261 45 272 00 90 00 52 00 184 00

$9 88

10 55

$216 00 114 00 650 39 591 16 178 00 124 00 542 61 256 00 185 88

635 86 462 00 90 00 430 00 84 55 97 51 261 45 272 00 90 00 52 00 184 00

Instruments, tools and appliances

Office rent.....................

Fuel and light.................

Stationery and printing.........

Postage.......................

Telegraph and telephone........

Miscellaneous..................

Incidental Expenses.

$89,205 32

$1,915 12 648 00 224 44 1,850 17 108 98 191 23 4,868 06

9,806 00

Total

$99,011 32

Note;—Apportioned to the different divisions and canals as follows:

Eastern Division—Erie canal 28%................................

Middle Division—Erie canal 18%.................................

Western Division—-Erie canal 34%...............................

Eastern Division—Champlain canal 14%..........................

Middle Division—Oswego canal 6%...............................

$27,723 22 17,821 99 33,663 83 13,861 58 5,940 70

$99,011 32

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903; Chapter 143, Laws of 1905.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

C. W. Trumbull... Division engineer. . . .    $3,000    per    year

H. P. Willis......Resident engineer... .    2,400    per    year

B. E. Failing.....Resident engineer.....    2,400

S. M. Savage.....Resident engineer... .    2,400    per    year

Parkes D. Wendell Estimate clerk.......    4 00 per day

Jean Watts....... Stenographer........ 15 00 per week

R. E. Phillips..... Draftsman.......... 5 00 per day

H. O. Schermer-horn...........

per year

$400 00 2,258 00 345 16 303 22 292 00 32 50 320 00

$51 75 1,465 07 28 24 19 34 2 26

Draftsman W. J. Weigmann . Draftsman G. Andrews O. T. Lewis

Draftsman..........

Junior bridge drafts-

man..............

A. A. Conger.....Expert lock designer.

Louis W. Hall... . Assistant engineer.... J. W. Pfau.......Assistant engineer....!

5    00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day

75 00 per month

6    00 per dayj 00 per day

6 00 per day!

105 14 164 00 208 00

277 50

156

r,

00

156    00

157    72 i

CO

~JC20W OOi^Oi O to to CO CO >-*

Sggg gg£ gggggSS

Construction of Barge Canal—-Erie Canal—(Continued).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

H. W. DeGraff.... Assistant engineer.... W. H. Van Wie.. . Assistant engineer.... Edwin Hilborn. . . Assistant engineer.... Charles Baumin-

ister...........I Assistant engineer....

Arthur Adams.... Assistant engineer....

D.    F. Fulton.....Assistant engineer....

E.    J. Pickwick.... Assistant engineer....

F.    P. Larmon.....Assistant engineer....

A. D. Sanderson.. Assistant engineer....

G.    I. Oakley......Assistant engineer....

P. W. O’Grady.. . Assistant engineer....

L.    S. Hulburd.... Leveler.............

J. C. Finch.......Leveler.............

James K. Brown.. Leveler.............

R. R. Bradbury... Leveler.............

C.    H. McCulloch. Leveler.............

Joseph N. Slater... Leveler.............

Hall Gleason.....Leveler.............

D.    E. Bellows. . . . Leveler.............

R. H. Merrill.....Leveler.............

M.    E. James...... Leveler.............

A. E. Steere......Leveler.............

A. T. O’Leary... . Leveler.............

L. R. Ellis.......Rodman............

L.    W. Irish.......Rodman............

D. W. Mackey.. . . Rodman.........

Geo. H. Thomas.. Rodman.........

A. W. Hard......Rodman............

Chas. W Costello.. Rodman............

M.    E. James...... Rodman............

H.    G. Throop.....Rodman............

G.    W. Ellis.......Rodman............

A.    G. Austin.....Rodman............

F. L. Fonda......Chainman...........

R.    J. Lyon.......Chainman...........

F. L. Bisbee......Chainman...........

H.    S. Miller...... Chainman ..........

C. E. Weed.......Chainman...........

Eustace Iiulsap-

ple............Chainman.

B.    J. Lowenstein. |Chainman.

T. J. Buckley.....Chainman

W. S. Ward......Chainman

W. R. Gordon..... (Chainman

J. C. Bell........1 Chainman

Frank Lutz......I Chainman

F. H. Owens.....j Chainman

H. A. Sylvester.. . Chainman F. de Clercq......Chainman.

F.    R. Hebard.....Chainman...........

J. B. Winter......Chainman...........

W. H. Breen.....Foreman of borings..

M. V. McCoy.....Foreman of borings..

Fred La Forge.... Foreman of borings..

C.    R. Judson.....Foreman of borings. .

Theron Ainsworth Laborer.............

C.    S. Allen.......Laborer............

W. H. Andrews... Laborer.............

M.    R. Abbey.....Laborer.............

B.    Bachmetew.... Laborer.............

N.    V. Bloodgood.. Laborer.............

S.    Bennett.......Laborer.............

T.    T. Bissell......Laborer.............

A. W. Bray ton.... Laborer.............

M. F. Bolton.....Laborer.............

George A. Bold... Laborer.............

D.    F. Barnum.... Laborer.............

James Colley.....Laborer.............

William Collins.. . Laborer.............

C.    H. Collins.....Laborer.............

Charles H. Cole.. . Laborer......    ...

Alfred Choinier... Laborer..........

G.    H. Curtis......Laborer.........

$6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day

5 00 per day

5    00 per day

6    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 60 per day 4 60 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day

$996 00 130 00 1,265 00

$316 07 $1,312 07

.......I 130 00

617 28    1,882 28

50 00 20 00 715 00 420 00 i 490 00!

00

265 001 1,458 50 36 00 18 00: 216 00 103 50 575 00 391 50 238 50 216 00 252 00 355 50 135 00 103 50 48 00 539 00 66 50 45 50

35    00 14 00

161 00 182 00 122 50 77 00 159 00 288 00 210 00

36    00 318 00

•J I 5

21 38 507 33 373 72 19 40 51 51 249 49 341 44 67 38

19 94

98 48

4 76

50 00 41 38 1,222 33 793 72 509 40 266 51 514 49 1,799 94 103 38 18 00 216 00 123 44 575 00 391 50 238 50 216 00 350 48 355 50 139 76 103 50 48 00 539 00 66 50 45 50

35    00 14 00

161 00 182 00 122 50 77 00 159 00 288 00 210 00

36    00 318 00

3 00 per day^ 3 00 per day | 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day! 2 50 per day! 2 50 per day | 2 50 per day 2 50 per day)

2    50 per day

3    50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

405 00

129    00 100 00

37    50 30 00

162 00 10 00 90 00 330 00 65 00 65 00 57 50 325 50 231 00 805 00 150 50 52 58 20 00 20 00 32 00 54 00 70 00 276 00 54 00

130    00 14 00 96 00 82 00 74 00

380 00

38    00 26 00 16 00 28 00

16 00

405 00

129    00 100 00

37    50 30 00

162 00 10 00 90 00 330 00 65 00 65 00 57 50 325 50 231 00 805 00 150 50 52 58 20 00 20 00 32 00 54 00 70 00 276 00 54 00

130    00 14 00 96 00 82 00 74 00

396 00

38    00 26 00 16 00 28 00

Construction of Barge Carnal—Erie Canal—(Continued).,

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

Laborer

Laborer

R. J. Curtis Peter Corey C. R. Cornwell.... Laborer

C. A. Curtis......Laborer

Joseph Cregg.....Laborer

Edmund Cocker. . Laborer J. E. Drummond.. Laborer Henry De Groat. . Laborer Wm. Dickinson.. . Laborer

G.    J. Duggan.....Laborer

C. Depew........Laborer

B.    E. Deal.......Laborer

T. M. Ellenwood.. Laborer Thomas Flavin.. . Laborer

H.    A. Falconer.. . Laborer Laborer Laborer

Joseph Gettings... Laborer W. G. German. . . Laborer

W. Gavigan......Laborer

Joseph Gergen . Laborer A. Galbraith. .    .. Laborer

W. S. Gray......Laborer

Baline Gilday..... Laborer

Kelly Green... . Laborer Ezra Germond. ... Laborer

E.    G. Hollenbeck. Laborer Byron Herring.... Laborer Leon Hielbronner. Laborer J. T. Houlihan.... Laborer A. C. Hammond.. Laborer

F.    R. Hebard.....Laborer

E. W. Harris.....Laborer

W. R. Haig......Laborer

A. D. Use........Laborer

W. Ingalls.......Laborer

Alex. Knowlton.. . Laborer R. C. Kirkpatrick. Laborer

John Lavery.....Lgb

A. A. Laughlin. . .

Joseph Lacasse.. .

W. C. Landreth...

E. B. Latham... .

R. L. Loder......

R.    W. Lowell.....

I.    S. Matlaw......

Joseph Melanson..

L. V. Massoth... .

S.    Y. McGregor...

H. J. Moore......

L.    A. Meron......

W. S. McLachlin.. |Laborer

C.    N. Machold..... Laborer

A. D. Mesick......Laborer

Ned Niles.. ......Laborer

Frank Nolan.....Laborer

M.    J. Nugent.....Laborer

Frank Nurnburg.. Laborer W. J. O’Brien. . . . Laborer, Wm. O’Donnell... Laborer

J.    M. Pilling......Laborer

Abraham Pearse. . Laborer

H. H. Phillas.....Laborer

W. M. Payne......Laborer

L. M. Percy......Laborer

Harry Poole......Laborer

E. H. Peterson.. . Laborer.

Ira Putman......Laborer.

A. Putman......j Laborer.

S.    Perry.........Laborer.

John Phillips..    . |Laborer.

T.    M. Romeyn... . Laborer. A. W. Rogers J. W. Riley. .

J. G. Flack J. E. Foote

orer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooogooooooogoooggoocoogoooooo

$226 00 144 00 106 00 106 00 106 00 24 00 628 00 74 00 80 00 106 00 60 00 114 00 520 00 16 00 106 00 84 00 52 00 38 00 30 00 198 00 112 00 132 00 58 00 106 00 106 00 52 00 640 00 30 00 14 00 30 00 106 00 5 00 106 00 10 00 178 00 64 00 16 00 264 00 730 00 576 00 54 00 148 00 12 00 106 00 10 00 632 00 56 00 70 00 106 00

$50 00

42 50

166

001 144 00 66 001 62 00' 18 00 180 001 118 001 16 00 6 001 24 001 52 001 460 00 16 00 8 00 190 00 66 00 20 00 178 00 62 00' 00 i

74 00 18 00 30 00 j 190 00 272 00

14 00

:.s

ggoggogggggggggogggggoggggogggggggoogooggggggggoggggsogogggggoggggggoggggg

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

G.    W. Right......Laborer

C. P. Rose.......| Laborer

David Simpson... j Lab George Strong.... Laborer P. A. Stanton. .. . [Laborer

George Scott.....[Laborer

Walter Smith.....[Laborer

R. H. Sammons... Lab Charles Seaver.... Laborer C, F. Stover La Grand Seaver.. Laborer Fred M. Sutherland...........Laborer,

E. T. Smith......Laborer.

George Scott.....Laborer.

H.    Siples.........[Laborer.

W. K. Smith.....[Laborer.

R. B. Smith......[Laborer,

H. T. Smith......Laborer

Asa Suits........Laborer

C. A. Smith......Laborer

P. N. Sweet......Laborer

Fred Teall.......Laborer

Hugh Vunck.....Laborer

B.    Van Vranken.. Laborer

William Wolf.....Laborer

Alfred Wood.....Laborer

George Wolf......Laborer

George White.....Laborer

William White.... [Laborer

C.    G. Wells.......

Thomas Ward....

W. J. Ward......

R.    B. White......

H. Walrath......

J. E. Walsh......

J. B. Mackey.....

J. J. Vrooman... .

S.    F. Fonda......

C. W. Young.....

William Butler....

J. H. Gardiner.». .

E.    H. Hoffman.. .

John Me Lane.....

Robert Wilson... .

Lloyd Kast.......

J. Reepmeyer.....

William Quacken-

bush..........

Henry Edick.....

A. H. Pickard... .

F.    J. Cowles......

M. K. Freemeyer..

Laborer

Laborer...........

Laborer...........

Laborer...........

Laborer...........

Laborer...........

Laborer..........

Gage render.......

Gage reader........

Gage reader........

Gage reader........

Gage reader........

Gage reader........

Gage reader........

Gage reader......

Gage reader........

Gage reader.......

Gage reader.......

Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month

6    00 per month 5 00 per month

7    00 per month

7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month

$120 00'..........

34 00:    $31 75

10 00 ..........

524

00;

6 00 6 00 56 00

226

00: 218 00: 266 00 206 00

200 00 [ 194 001 18 00:

30 00 150 00 106 00 8 001 102 00 16 00 . . 20 00 . . 102 00[. . 14 OOl. . 10 00 .. 324 00 . . 74 00 . . 38 00 . . 16 00 . . 16 00 . . 38 00 . . 8 00 . . 106 00 . . 40 00 . . 8 00 . . 70 00:. . 56 00 . . 56 00!. . 56 00 . . 56 00 . . 56 00 . .

14    OOj. . 45 031. . 19 40 . .

15    68 . . 13 06 . .

8 81 . .

$120 00 65 75 10 00 524 00 6 00 6 00 56 00 226 00 218 00 266 00 206 00

200 00 194 00 18 00 30 00 150 00 106 00 8 00 102 00 16 00 20 00 102 00 14 00 10 00 524 00 74 00 38 00 16 00 16 00 38 00 8 00 106 00 40 00 8 00 70 00 56 00 56 00 56 00 56 00 5 n 00

14    00 45 03 19 40

15    68 13 06

8 81

45 03 63 00 42 00 42 00 42 00

45 03 63 00 42 00 42 00 42 00

Instruments, tools and appliances

Rent, office, etc................

Fuel and light.................

Stationery and printing.........

Postage.......................

Telephone and telegraph........

Miscellaneous..................

Incidental Expenses.

$39,057 42

$1,241 29 359 67 197 73 19 30 30 94 184 24 4,581 62j

6,614 79

NAME.

Construction of Barge Canal—Champlain Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903; Chapter 143, Laws of 1905.)

Rank.

Rate of compensa-,ion.

j Services.

Travel.

Total.

C. W. Trumbull... 1 Division engineer. John R. Kaley.. .. (Resident engineer. . .

Parkes D. Wendell [Estimate clerk.......

H. B. Furnside... . [Stenographer........

Clifford M. Young.[Stenographer O. C. Richards.. .. (Draftsman Draftsman

D.    B. LaDu

T:hn A. O’ConnorjDraftsman

S.    W. Belding. . . . (Draftsman Tames A. Galvin. . [Tracer.. . .

Pitson J. Cleaver. Assistant engineer... . C. J. McDonough. Assistant engineer... .

A.    D. Sanderson.. Assistant engineer... .

J. H. Putman. . . . Assistant engineer... . j Herbert Spencer. . Assistant engineer... . J. C. Finch.......(Leveler.............

T.    E. Finucane. . . j Leveler Homer C Kline.:. I Leveler J. P. Newton

H. J. Richardson.. [Rodman W. B. Watson.. . .(Rodman M. E. James...... j Rodman

G.    W. Ellis.......I Rodman

P. J. Gordon.....

M. D. Casler......

J. B. Foote.......

B.    J. Lowenstein..

W. G. Craig......

Fred LeForge.....

W. H. Breen.....

M. R. Abbey.....

Charles Brice.....

Joseph Benack... . [Laborer... .

M. H. Bitley.....Laborer... .

F. C. Bristol...... Laborer. ..

Harry Bowen.....Laborer. ..

C.    M. Chapman.. . Laborer. ..

A. E Cole........iLaborer. ..

C. R. Cornwell.... Laborer. ..

C. A. Curtis......Laborer. ..

F. B. Daughn. . . . Laborer. ..

George Duggan... Laborer. ..

L. R. Ellis.......Laborer. ..

T. M. Ellen wood.. Laborer ..

E.    J. Fitzgerald... Laborer. ..

L. L. Gowdy.....Laborer.

A. C. Hammond.. Laborer. ..

E.    B. Hollenbeck. Laborer. ..

F.    B. Holmes.....[Laborer. ..

Albert Johnson . . Laborer F. B. Kraft ......Laborer......

H.    L. LaPointe... Laborer......

Nelson Morey..... Laborer......

E. LaFay........Laborer......

J. Malin.........Laborer......

W. S. McLachlin. Laborer......

Charles Morrill.... Laborer......

Wm. Montgomery Laborer......

Geo. C. Maxfield.. Laborer......

H. S. Pattee...... Laborer......

J. M. Pilling......Laborer......

L. M. Percy......Laborer......

E. M. Proux...... Laborer......

E.    C. Pierce......Laborer......

W. M. Payne.....Laborer......

John Rock.......Laborer......

W. A. Sanders... . Laborer......

George Strong. .. . (Laborer Charles Seaver. ... 1,a borer Stephen Simon .. .! Laborer

F.    G. Tilton......[Laborer

P. C. Walsh......[Laborer

Leveler

Rodman............

Rodman............

Rodman............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Foreman of borings. . Foreman of borings. .

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

S3,600Tper'year( 2 ,400 per year

4    00 per day 15 00 per week]

50 00 per month

5    00 per dayl 5 00 per day

5    00 per day|

4    50 per day| 50 00 per month

6    00 per dayj

5    00 per dayj 5 00 per day! 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day! 4 50 per day. 4 50 per dayj 4 00 per dayj 4 00 per day 3 50 per day) 3 50 per day!

50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per dayj 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayl 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

2,

1,

1,

1,

-3

0000^®4^04^tO(»OOtOOOlOOiO>b003tOlOCiOOOCC»OOOCO>^C»OC50200iOOOC0050i-^eOOOO'OOMa5COOCOOOOo^OK)OiOiOiOitOOOO

26

16

140

628

658

152

356

554

630

558

888888888§o8o8o8o§oo8oo§g88§§§§8ooo§§ogocoo§gccocoicoo=o§§gooooo8°o»o§oo

8237 52 2,627 72 188 52 32 50 85 48

25    00

1,645 96    3,32096

593 89    2,118 89

........ 1,372 50

........; 600 00

356 11    2,030 11

305 00 400 24

37    76 363 95

90 00 13 50 330 40 297 00 271 17 1,155 00 658 00 213 50 451 50 220 50 126 00 819 00 198 00 340 00 745 50 230 00 66 00 166 00 170 00

38    00 154 00 626 00 193 00 118 00

88 00 584 50 118 00 326 50 142 00 212 00

26    00 322 00 176 00 576 00 172 00 628 00 142 00 498 00 158 00 552 00 564 00 150 00

24 00 136 00 . 134 00 216 00 222 50 26 00 16 00 140 00 628 00 658 00 152 00 446 00 592 00 630 00 596 00

S37 52 227 72 8 52

50 24 7 76 40 95;

2446

"4317;

35 001

36 50 30 50l

78 00, 34 501

90 00 38 00

38 00

Construction of Barge Canal—Champlain Canal—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

John Wood.......

J. E. Walsh......

E. H. Wetsel.....

S. H. Pearson. . . .

Leon Brazier.....

Benj. J. Thebo.. . Sanford L. Oluett. Fred C. Bristol.. . Robt. J. Metcalf.. Robert C. West .. . Geo. W. Baldwin.. Geo. Hammond...

J. T. Fisher......

Frank Sisson.....

Wm. E. Downing. Marvin Elms. .. .

R. B. Searles.....

II. C. Tinker.....

Laborer.....

Laborer.....

Laborer.....

Gage reader.. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month

$288 00 52 00 202 00 84 00 84 00 84 00 56 00 77 00 84 00 14 00 56 00 84 00 42 00 47 20 10 61

10    84

11    06 10 39

$288 00 52 00 202 00 84 00 84 00 84 00 56 00 77 00 84 00 14 00 56 00 84 00 42 00 47 20 10 61

10    84

11    06 10 39

Instruments, tools and appliances

Rent, office, etc................

Fuel and light..................

Stationery and printing ........

Postage.......................

Telephone and telegraph........

Miscellaneous.................

Incidental Expenses.

$32,784 82

$419 47 325 94 169 91 24 66 51 46 105 13 1,542 41

2,638 98

Total

$35,423 80

Dam, Beaver River.

(Chapter 606. Laws of 1898; Chapter 428, Laws of 1900; Chapter 679, Laws of 1901; Chapter 573, Laws of 1903; Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

John R. Kaley.. ..(Resident engineer.

H. J. Richardson..(Rodman.........

Frank Robe rts... Rodman.........

$2,400 per year 4 00 per day 3 50 per day

$16 00 52 50

$15 17 22 17

$15 17 38 17 52 50

Telephone and telegraph. Miscellaneous............

Incidental Expenses.

$105 84

$1 12

20

1 32

Total

$107 16

NAME.

Walter G. Craig ..

Repairs to Dam, Old Forge.

(Chapter 730, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Chainman

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Total

NAME.

C. H. Flanigan Foster B. Morss. . Walter G. Craig...

livery......

Postage......

Miscellaneous.

Total

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

$3 00 per day

Incidental Expenses.

$99 00

$54 54

$153 54

$153 54

$5 00

47

75

2 70

8 92

$162 46

Repairs to Dam, Sixth Lake.

(Chapter 730, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

1st assistant engineer Assistant engineer.... Chainman...........

$7 00 per day 6 00 per day 3 00 per day

Incidental Expenses.

$66 00

$9 67 9 67 88 47

$21 25

:: 1

2 25

$9 67 9 67 154 47

$173 81

23 84

$197 65

Construction of Dikes, Delaware River, Port Jervis, Orange County.

(Chapter 716, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

John R. Kaley.... Resident engineer... . F. M. Williams.. . Assistant engineer....

L.    S. Hulburd... . Leveler.............

M.    D. Casler...... |Rodman............

A. W. Smith.....|Chainman...........

A. G. Chapman.. . Chainman

S. W. Gage.......Chainman

M. W. Williams... Chainman

F. D. Porter...... Laborer. .

Eugene Nichols.. . Laborer

$2,400 per year 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day

2    50 per day

3    00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$342 00 384 50 52 50 36 00 40 00 135 00 57 00 10 00 10 00

$9 87 188 07 31 32

$9 87 530 07 415 82 52 50 36 00 40 00 135 00 57 00 10 00 10 00

Livery. ...............

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$1,296 26

$95 00 2 22 4 40 21 35

122 97

Total

$1,419 23

Dikes, Delaware River, Barryville, Sullivan County.

(Chapter 707, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

F. M. Williams....

Assistant engineer....

$6 00 per day

$60 00

$60 00

Survey St. Lawrence County Line.

(Chapter 473, Laws of 1902; Chapter 730, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

D. E. Wood......

Merrit Peckham.Jr C. H. Flanigan.... F.B. Williams.... Geo. L. Schillner.. J. H. McElroy.... Thomas Donohue. Dallas Cheney....

Austin Clare......

M. H. Guptill.....

A. P. Lynch......

Edwin Sprague...

John Huber......

Ward Loadwick... William R. Cole... Ernest Cheney.... C. A. Smith...—

Expert surveyor.....

Land clerk..........

1st assistant engineer

Leveler.............

Draftsman..........

Rodman............

Laborer............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

$305 00

$7 00 per day

4    50 per day

5    00 per day 4 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

1,176 00 126 00 370 00 72 00 125 00 160 00 222 00 100 00 122 00 100 00 104 00 28 00 24 00 82 00 58 09

$657 19 27 51 150 17

$962 19

27    51 1,326 17

126 00 370 00 72 00 125 00 160 00 222 00 100 00 122 00 100 00 104 00

28    00 24 00 82 00 58 09

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$4,008 96

$165 25

3 98 623 52

793 25

Total

$4,802 21

Surveys for State Court of Claims.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903; Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

S. M. Savage.....

John A. O’Connor H. J. Richardson.. Frank Roberts.... W. R. Gordon.... H. S. Mattimore.. J. J. O’Hara, Jr...

C. A. Smith......

W. J. Ward......

Assistant engineer....

Draftsman...........

Rodman............

Rodman............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

$6 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$55 00 100 00 16 00 12 00

$37 71 66 00 10 32

6 00

50 00 12 00

6 00

4 00

$92 71 166 00 26 32 12 00 6 00 50 00 12 00 6 00 4 00

Livery.................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$375 03

$11 00

.25

11 01

22 26

Examination Monuments, Maps, etc.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate'of | compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

William

Judson .......

H. P. Willis......

C. H. Flanigan... . Edwin Hilborn. . . F. B. Williams.... Wm. R. Gordon. . C. G. Van Alstyne

C.    F. Stover......

Lewis Winters... .

John Bonzon.....

Ernest Lampson.. Warren McDuffie..

D.    B. Thorp......

Edward LaFay ... George Robertson.

Pierson

Deputy state engineer Resident engineer... . 1st assistant engineer Assistant engineer....

Leveler.............

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

$2,400 per year t 7 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day : 3 00 per day 2 00 per day P 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day !■ 2 00 per day HI 2 00 per day li 2 00 per day

$28 00 135 00 40 50 48 00 248 00 32 00 18 00 22 00 10 00 20 00 4 00 14 00 14 00

$29 30 55 88 29 03 78 16

330 54

$29 30 55 88 57 03 213 16 40 50 48 00 578 54 32 00 18 00 22 00 10 00 20 00 4 00 14 00 14 00

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$1,156 41

$188 00

14

1 25 467 83

657 22

Total

$1,813 63

NAME.

Old Field Notes, Maps, etc.

(Chapter 594, Laws of 1902.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Parkes D. Wendell C. E. Dunwoodie.. Benj. R. Healey... E. M. Howland... L.L.Stupplebeen

Total........

Estimate clerk

Laborer.......

Laborer.......

Laborer.......

Laborer.......

$4 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$60 00 52 00 52 00 62 00 52 00

$60 00 52 00 52 00 62 00 52 00

$278 00

Topographic Survey

In co-operation with United States Geological Survey.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Andrus Robinson Co...........

Bassett, C. C..................

Borgeol, Marion...............

Bertrand, Alex................

Boyce, Mrs. S. G...............

Croft, A. E....................

Director U. S. Geological Survey.

Dimmick, G. M................

Dykeman, F. A................

Daniels, Milo B................

Donnell, C. M............:....

Fields, H.....................

$68 47 573 83 35 00 127 65 298 92 35 00 140 84 260 00 * 60 00 40 00 32 00 25 00

Topographic Survey—(Concluded).

Gayetty, J. I... Greene, W. E... Graft, Jr., Fred. Hasting, Charles Harrison, R. L..

Holt, A.........

Jennings, J. H.. Kendall, C H.. Mead, Jr., A. P.. Millard, C. H Morrison, H. B, McMaster, F. A.... McDonald, C"

Neefus, G. L......

Petit, J. W........

Pratt, R. G.......

Rosenkrans, H. C.. Richards, F. A.... Smith, Glenn S....

Smith, Olin.......

Sheldon, H. M.....

Sturtevant, Rupert Tuft, William O.. . Thompson, R. P...

Tufts, L. R.......

Valleau, W. J.....

Van de Carr, W. H Wendell, Parkes D

Wilson, H. M......

Wilcox. S. W......

Wells, F. M... Wright, Will G Ward, W. J... Young, Gilbert

CO

Charles K

<Ji    to t—¹M    I—* 00    t-¹    „ 1—* I—¹ CO    ^ CO

MCiCOOOOOOCSrf^OOiH^H-i^CO^^^OOCO^OiMCOCOWiCTiCOOCOMOCOCOM

fcOi-‘OOOOOO^tOOGOCDCnCH^JOOOOiOiCHH^^.<ICnH“^ObOOiCOCnCnOOiCO

^OOOOOOOOOWOiOOCOOJOOOOWCOOWOOWOOOOW^

^^^O^COCOOW^OOW^OCOOWOOOWO^WOOOOWCO

Hydrography (Measurement of Flow of Streams)

In co-operation with United States Geological Survey.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Covert, C. C.....

Horton, Robt. E, Weeks, E. T

Total.......

3529 69 777 77 24 74

55832 20

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

C. W. Trumbull. .. Wm. B. Landreth.

W. J. Valleau.....

Parkes D. Wendell W. B. Strong... . .

M.    Peekham, Jr. .

Nellie Clark......

C. H. Flanigan.. . .

S.M. Savage.....

Dana W. Robbins

N.    E. Whitford... . F.M. Williams... . H. W. DeGraff... .

E.    A. Lamb......

F.    N. Sanders. . . . Foster B. Morss...

O.    J. Dempster...

Division engineer Special resident engineer...............

Financial clerk......

Estimate clerk.......

Estimate clerk.......

Land clerk..........

Stenographer........

1 st assistant engineer Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer....

$3,600 per year

4,500 per year 2,400 per year 4 00 per day

4    00 per day

83 34 per month 7 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day

5    00 per day

$400 00 172 00 1,060 00

83 34 1.225 00 1,050 24 1,897 25 1,158 20 1,851 52 258 00 2,049 58 318 00 1,954 50 1,595 00

$201 11

$201 11

31 90 31 00 17 34 3 66 16 82

377 57 77 36 42 89

5 92

685 07 109 37 325 29 139 78 53 90 1,500 21

31 90 431 00 189 34 1,063 66 16 82 83 34 1,602 57 1,127 60 1,940 14 1,164 12 2,536 59 367 37 2,374 87 457 78 2,008 40 3,095 21

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways—(Continued).

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

H. E. Fraleigh.. . Assistant engineer.. . C. S. McDonough. Assistant engineer.. . Perry Filkin......Assistant engineer... .

F.    P. Williams... . Assistant engineer.. .

G.    G. Underhill.. . Assistant engineer.. . Wm. W. Peabody. Assistant engineer.. .

F. P. Larmon..... Assistant engineer.. .

W. H. Van Wie... Assistant engineer.. .

C. H. McCulloch. . Leveler.............

Geo. H. Penfield... Leveler.............

L. 8. Hulburd.... Leveler.............

H.    Elting Breed. . Leveler.............

Ralph Russell.... Leveler.............

Geo. A. Ensign.... Leveler.............

N.    A. Taylor.....Leveler.............

J. C. Fine)?.......Leveler.............

T. A. Hendrickson Leveler.............

F. J. Mulvaney... Leveler.............

L.    L. Melius......Inspector of highways]

James T. Brady... Inspector of highways Jesse C. Patrick... Inspector of highways] H. C. Titus....... Inspector of highways]

R.    E. Phillips.....Draftsman..........]

Geo. L. Schillner.. Draftsman..........

S.    W. Belding... . Draftsman..........

E. C. Altenberg.. . Tracer..............

II. J. Richardson.. Rodman............

Leland W. Irish... Rodman............

Ralph D. Hayes.. Rodman E. G. Raynor

A. C. Perkins.....Rodman

E.    W. Sylvester... Rodman Thos. R. Tetley, Jr Rod J. H. McElroy....

Robert C. Dennett Lewis T. Howard.

Frank Roberts....

M.    D. Casler......

J. H. Sturdevant.

Howard J. Bell...

Eustace Hulsapple .T. R. Mahan......

O.    H. Fosdick. . . .

F.    L. Bisbee......

Herbert C. Wells..

Fred H. Owens...

H. 8. Miller......

F. W. Hartwell....

Lloyd Olmstead ..

W. G. Craig......

M. W. Willi

A.    W. Smith.....

W. E. Petty......

W. R. Gordon....

B.    .T. Lowenstein..

H. S. Mattim John H. Huber...

Raymond Haverly

C.    H. Chilvers.....

Homer C. Greene..

8. W. Gage.......

M. S. Bierce......

C. E. Weed.......

A. G. Chapman . .

Albert Armstrong Harry Bowen.....

T.    T. Bissell......

George Blauvelt..

H. R. Bedell......

F. A Bedell......

M. J. Byington....

T. H. Baldwin... .

M F. Bolton......

C R. Cornwell....

R P. Campfield...

Rodman

ams...

ore..

man.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman (Chainman Chainman Chainman Laborer... Laborer... Laborer... Laborer.., Laborer... Laborer... Laborer.., Laborer.., Laborer... Laborer... Laborer..,

$5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day] 5 00 per day] 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day

4    50 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day

32 50 per month 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$285 00 15 00 1,585 00 484 88 631 30 155 00 1,107 04 40 00 930 00 1,214 82 136 26 1,574 97 1,555 00 1,366 39 1,606 02 1,319 63 1,053 00 1,321 50

1.431    00 1,480 48 1,442 52

1.432    18 1,185 28

80 00 40 50 13 00 332 00 635 00 1,128 50 769 28 1,274 84 1,278 08 341 00 330 28 7 00 213 50 49 00 173 50 329 00

$16 07

47 94 39 65 4 12 3 32 54 80 23 86 1,197 70 45 13

919 37 137 31 77 04 15 22 2 70 24 70 35 87 14 51 156 45 48 47 38 52 19 80

7 42

65 37 64 62

4 83

36 87

5 23

14 50

5 53

4 03 9 34

to

l-⁴

7 00

525 00 1,005 53 891 89 749 20 944 20 879 00 3 00 954 00 291 00 399 03 770 18 912 00 965 62 864 00 30 00 704 08 17 50 130 00 21 00 52 50 314 42 65 00 235 00 119 30 262 00 554 00 483 66 655 37 662 00 631 16 296 00 30 00 106 00 404 00 52 00

45 81 93 79 37 80 33 09

36 79 32 41 297 84

71 67 5 18

40

1 25

3 46 3 83 3 56

14 10 80 47

16 16 43 50 96 50

H-⁴

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways—(Continued).

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Laborer -Laborer Laborer

R.    J. Curtis..

A. R. Conway

S.    F. Carlisle..

George Conover.. . Laborer J. P. Cregg.......{Laborer

I. . L. Crozier......Laborer

W. B. Collins... . Laborer

G.    W. Callender.. . {Laborer

A. E. Craft.......j Laborer

La Monte T. Clark.;Laborer A. E. Cole...

Austin Clare.

C. H. Darke.

R. C. Derrick........

Charles DunwoodylLab

C.    R. DeGraff.....Lab

J.    C. Duggan......Laborer

D.    W. II. Daley... Laborer W. C. Dearstyne. . Laborer

E.    A. Faille.......Laborer

Giles Fonda ..... Laborer

Charles Gardner. . j Laborer..

L.    L. Gowdy......Laborer.

M.    H.Guptill.....Laborer..

J. S. Greenough... Laborer.

L. P. Gifford......Laborer.

George W. Helling Laborer. C. N. Holsapple... Laborer.

H.    A. Helling.....Laborer.

W. R. Hartigan... Laborer.

G.    H. Howarth.... Laborer. Walter H. Haight Laborer. E.M. Howland... . Laborer. Benj. R. Healey. . Laborer.

J. S. Heath.......Laborer.

E. P. Hillson......Laborer.

W. G. Ingalls.....Laborer.

Garrett Ives......Laborer.

C. R. Judson......Laborer.

R.    C. Kirkpatrick. Laborer.

E.    C. Likely.....Laborer.

Arthur Miles.....Laborer.

C.    H. McKenna.. . Laborer.

D.    j\ McQueene... Laborer.

S.    Y. McGregor.. . Laborer.

H.    D. Miller......Laborer.

L.    J. Maver...... Laborer.

C. H. Millard.....Laborer.

Mark W. Nelson.. Laborer. Eugene Nichols... Laborer. J. J. O’Hara, Jr.. . Laborer. J. T. O’Hora.....Laborer.

M.    J. O’Brien.....Laborer.

J. M. Prior.......Laborer.

W. I. Palmer.....Laborer.

Harry Poole......Laborer.

F.    D. Porter......Laborer.

W. M. Payne.....Laborer.

A. P. Reynolds.. . Laborer.

A. W. Rogers.....Laborer.

William Riley... . Laborer. Thomas Rattoone Laborer. W. J. Rhinehart. . Laborer.

C. P. Rose........Laborer.

Charles A. Smith. Laborer. C. F. Stover......Laborer

F.    M. Sutherland. Laborer Geo. V. Sherrill.. . Laborer R. H. Sammons. . Laborer Herbert Soules.... Laborer

G.    H. Shufelt..... Laborer

E. E. Scudder... . Laborer

R. B. Slee........Laborer

W. B. Schaumberg Laborer J. Schumann, Jr.. Laborer

j Laborer Laborer Laborer Laborer

orer

orer

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2. 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day; 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day! 2 00 per day| 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per dayj 2 00 per day’ 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$344 89 82 00 . 591 30 . 176 00 114 00 . 82 00 . 436 00 100 00 300 09 . 416 00 132 00 . 211 16 . 404 00 . 144 00 86 00 . 452 00 . 88 00 . 104 00!. 38 00 . 410 00 . 114 00 . 10 00 . 26 00 . 30 00 112 00|. 82 001 390 00' 422 oo;.

94 00 . 86 00!. 242 00 . 80 00|. 489 541 122 261. 421 80 . 168 00 .

14 00 . 228 00 , 14 00 . 366 93 . 194 00 482 00 86 00 86 00 150 00! 80 00 186 00 58 00 644 00 72 00' 556 47 655 16 2 00 78 00’ 84 001 588 00i 534 00' 318 00; 646 44I 436 00 136 00 40 00 106 00 36 00 443 60 72 00 [ 412 00! 204 00 369 14 583 16; 330 00 80 00 262 00 i.8o;oo 368 00

*8 28

75 75

98 00 3 10

1 34

30 50

1 50

266

1,075 84

22 26

2 34 150 85,

r<>

2 36

6 80

; 116 61

28888££88So88888“88£8882*o888888888w8888o8o88888£88o888888888o8So"8©8885©8m

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways—{Concluded).

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

L.    L. Stupplebeen

E. Scripture......

H. G. Stutz......

Arthur Sherrill.... W. R. Trumbull. . A. Van Tassel.. . . J. C. Van Loon.. .

M.    G. Vulcheff.... C. G. Van Alstyne W. E. Waterbury .

L. Wachtel......

.7. A. Wynkoop.. .

V/. J. Ward......

William Wolf_____

Robert Walker. . .

Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer.. Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. . Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. . Laborer. Laborer. • Laborer. .

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$404 09 152 00 166 00 144 00 685 16 448 00 106 00 104 00 30 00 424 00 166 00 508 00 351 16 128 00 16 00

$101 34

216 73 210 00

70 34

127 00

2 96

$404 09 253 34 166 00 144 00 901 89 658 00 106 00 104 00 100 34 424 00 166 00 635 00 351 16 128 00 18 96

Stationery and printing.

Livery.................

Fuel and light..........

Postage.................

Office rent..............

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous......

Incidental Expenses.

$93,263 13

$119 57 5,310 75 58 69 67 08 386 00 196 16 2,353 22

8,491 47

Total

101,754 60

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898; Chapter 53, Laws of 1902.)

NAME OF ROAD.

No.

Town.

County.

Total.

Troy and Schenectady .

Loudon Road..........

Troy and Brunswick ...

Broadway-Fort Hunter

22

10 . 25

84

163

Niskayuna.... Colonie.......

Brunswick... . Rotterdam... .

Schenectady... Albany.......

Rensselaer.... Schenectady...

$3,257 03 2,151 34

555 65 135 00

Total

$6,099 02

“ Money System ”—Repairs of Highways.

(Chapter 700, Laws of 1905.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

C. W. Trumbull... Frank D. Lyon...

S. M. Savage.....

Geo. L. Schillner.. Jesse C. Patrick ..

Ira P. Cribb......

Chas. B. Perry.... Wm. B. Strong...

Division engineer... . Special examiner of

highways.........

Assistant engineer....

Draftsman..........

Inspector of highways .............

Highway supervisor.. Highway supervisor.. Estimate clerk.......

$3,600 per year

7 00 per day 6 00 per day 5 00 per day

4    50 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day

$553 00 426 00 79 91

18 00 380 00 380 00 66 00

$5 06

$5 06

199 19

553 00 625 19 79 91

12 45 201 07 282 82

30 45 581 07 662 87 96 00

“Money System,”—Repairs of Highways—{Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Jean Watts

Joseph Stone

R. J. Lyon.......

E. M. Howland... Laborer

Austin Clare...... Laborer

P. N. Swett......Laborer

W. E. Waterbury. Laborer

B.    R. Healey.....[Laborer

C.    A. Smith......[Laborer

G. H. Shufelt.....[Laborer

Herbert Soules....! Laborer L. J. Mayer

Stenographer (temporary) ...........

Stenographer (temporary) ...........

Chain man...........

Laborer

$15 00 per week

Iff 00 per week 3 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$2 14

$2 14

7    50 27 00

310 99 182 00 20 00 26 00 32 00 20 00 24 00 18 00

8    00

$24 05

34 18

7 50 27 00 335 04 182 00 20 00 26 00 32 00 20 00 24 00 18 00 42 18

Stationery and printing..

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$3,369 36

$4,540 49 278 25 56 05 25 03 13 15

4,912 97

Total

$8,282 33

The foregoing tables are summarized as follows:

Ordinary Repairs to Canals.

1.    Erie canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.......

2.    Champlain canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904

$8,087 13 3,912 89

Construction of Barge Canal.

3.    Head office account, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903; Chapter 143, Laws of

1905............................................................

4.    Erie canal, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903; Chapter 143, Laws of 1905.........

5.    Champlain canal, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903; Chapter 143, Laws of 1905..

99,011 12 45,672 20 35,423 81

Special Work.

6.    Construction of dam, Beaver river, Chapter 606, Laws of 1898; Chapter

428, Laws of 1900; Chapter 679, Laws of 1901; Chapter 573 Laws of 1903; Chapter 599, Laws of 1903...................................

7.    Repairs of dam, Old Forge, Chapter 730, Laws of 1904. ................

8.    Repairs of dam, Sixth lake, Chapter 730, Laws of 1904... ..............

9.    Construction of dikes on Delaware river, Port Jervis, Chapter 716, Laws

of 1904.........................................................

10. Construction of dikes, Delaware river; Barryville, County of Sullivan, Chapter 707, Laws of 1904.........................................

107 16 162 46 197 65

1,419 23 60 00

Special Surveys, etc.

11.    Survey St. Lawrence county line, Chapter 473, Laws of 1902; Chapter 730,

Laws of 1904....................................................

12.    Surveys for State Court df Claims, Chapter 599, Laws of 1903; Chapter 729,

Laws of 1904....................................................

13.    Examination monuments, maps, etc., Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.........

14.    Old field notes, maps, etc., Chapter 594, Laws of 1902...................

15.    Topographic survey, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904........................

16.    Hydrography, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904..............................

17.    Improvement of public highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898............

18.    Improvement of public highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898; Chapter 53,

Laws of 1902....................................................

19.    "Money System’’—repairs of highways, Chapter 700, Laws of 1905......

Total...........................................................

4,802 21

397 29 1,813 63 278 00 7,573 67 832 20 101,754 60

6,099 02 8,282 33

$325,886 78

Payments to Sept. 30, 1905

$4,185 00

[25,326 00

43,722 00

Table of Contracts Pending on the Eastern Division, September 30, 190o.

Construction of Barge Canal.

Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

Character of work

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

$605,008 40;

$712,823 00

852,330 00

670,497 00!

7,550 00^

1,005 00

1,176,036 00

874,662 00

4,810 00

1,290 00

Contract No. 1 (River Line) Champlain canal. For excavating the river channel from Northumberland to Fort Miller, and from Crocker’s Reef to Fort Edward, the construction of Crocker’s Reef dam, the approaches to the head and foot of “The I,and Line” and other incidental work. Station 9+52 to Station 147+75 and Station 262 to Station 497+35: length,

7.075 miles.........................................

Contract No. 2, Erie canal. For the excavation and protection of the sides of the canal from the Mohawk river to a point about one-fourth mile west of the head of Lock No. 3, the construction of Locks Nos. 2 and 3, with the approaches and

appertaining parts......................................

Contract No. 3 (Land Line), Champlain canal. For the excavation of the canal and the protection of its banks from Station 147+75, below Fort Miller Lock (No. 6) and its approaches, the guard gate and its approaches, the bridge abutments and foundations at Stations 151 + 60, 173+18,213+46 and 247+50; the removal and reerection of the present bridge at East street; the change in location of the old Champlain

canal and all other incidental work......................

Contract No. 2-A, Erie canal. For the removal of certain dwellings, barns, stables, shops, outhouses and other structures, their foundations and other accessories, the cleaning out of all vaults and cesspools and disposal of their contents from the site of Contract No. 2 (except the “Bush” property)..... . Contract No. 2-B, Erie canal. For the removal of the buildings, with their foundations and other accessories, upon the “ Mrs. Bush” property upon the site of Contract No. 2, and the cleaning out of all vaults and cesspools and disposal of their contents...............................................

I April 18,1905

April 3, 1905

! April 4, 1905 j

May 15, 1905

May 15, 1905'

Empire Engineering Co.. . .

Ferguson Contracting Co...

Sundstrom and Stratton . .

John W. Flynn

John W. Flynn

Payments to Sept. 30, 1905.

$17,510 40

72,577 05

44,928 67

27,618 75

27.810 58 17,816 04

32,589 86 53,512 83 16,455 06 16,178 10

59,446 72 14,428 80 9,727 25 44,335 89 60,030 55 3,843 96 44,576 64 29,807 54

Contract

price.

$51,200 00

64,450 00

50,425 00

45,200 00

48,250 00 20,612 83

38,749 00 74,985 00 25,690 00 28,700 00

67.903    00 33,400 00 14,670 00 59,742 00 49,990 00 26,694 12 45,980 00

39.903    00

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

$70,650 00; 94,438 00j 58,210 00i 52,000 001

54.120    00 23,000 00

46,980 00 96,700 00 31,200 00 38,380 00

90,350 00 39,400 00

18.121    00 71,100 00 66,750 00 33,450 00; 50,300 00! 49,550 00

Improvement of Public Highways.

Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.

Character of work.

Turk Hill-Putnam county line road, No. 151, Westchester county

Newburgh-Campbell Hall road, No. 153, Orange county.......

Chester—Vail’s Gate road, No. 154, Orange county.............

Slate Hill-Unionville road, No. 160, Orange county...........

Newburgh-Shawangunk road, No. 161, Orange county........

Albany-Schenectady turnpike, No. 176, Albany county.........

Schoharie road (sections 1 and 2), No. 177, Albany county.....

Delaware turnpike road (section 3), No. 178, Albany county.... Schenectady-Albany turnpike road, No.179, Schenectady county Beaver Dam road, No. 192, Albany county...................

River road, No. 193, Albany county...............•.........

Wynantskill-West Sand Lake road. No. 195, Rensselaer county

East Nassau road, No. 196, Rensselaer county................

Delaware turnpike road (section 4), No. 198, Albany county.. . Delaware turnpike road (section 5), No. 199, Albany county....

Troy-Poestenkill road, No. 201, Rensselaer county............

Boston and Albany turnpike road, No. 202, Rensselaer county. South road, No. 223, Dutchess county.......................

Date of contract.

19,    1903

24, 1903

24; 1903

18, 1904

18, 1904 26, 1904

9,1904

8,    1904 17, 1904

9,    1904

11. 1904 23, 1904 23,1904 9, 1904 9, 1904 13, 1904 23 1904

20,    1904

June

June

IJune

.Tune

June

July

June

June

June

June

June

June

June

June

June

June

June

July

CONTRACTOR.

Road Con-

Ganung and Hoyt........

Board of Supervisors of

Orange county...........

Board of Supervisors of

Orange county.......

Orange County

struction Co............

Orange County Road Construction Co............

Robert Shafer ............

Albany Material and Construction Co............

Jeremiah T. Finch.........

Buckley Construction Co...

Joseph Walker............

James Anderson; assigned to Jeremiah T. Finch... .

Thomas H. Karr..........

Thomas H. Karr..........

Michael F. Dollard........

Joseph Walker............

William H. Masterson.....

The Scofield Co...........

James E. Martin..........

Table of Contracts Completed on the Eastern Division During the Fiscal Year Ending Sept. 30, 1905.

Final

payment.

Contract

price.

Appropri

ation.

rnmm

$79,455 87

9,327 22

1,796 00 2,161 35 2,039 85

9,940 00

1,796 00 2,338 00 2,043 75I

$7,000 00 43,000 00 35,000 00 12,000 00

00 000'01

2,000 00 5,000 00 5,000 00

Act.

Character of work.

Year.

Chap.

! Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

1898

1900

1801

i-. O ;

1904

1904

1904

1904

90

28

79

l 99

713!

7121

730!

730 j

Constructing a dam on Beaver river near Stillwater, in the town of Webb, Herkimer county. . .

Removing bars, building slope wall and a dike to protect property adjacent to the Neversink river, in the town of Deer Park, Orange county.. Repairing dike, removing bars and clearing channel of the Neversink river at Rose’s Point, in the

town of Deer Park, Orange county............

Constructing new concrete spillway and otherwise

improving the dam at Old Forge..............

Repairing the dam at Sixth lake, in the town of Morehouse, Hamilton county.................

24, 1901

Dec.

Strobel and Moynehan....

Oct. 4, 1904

Joseph Hanigan.

Oct. 4, 1904^

Joseph. Hanigan.

Oct. 28, 1904 Nov. 9, 1904

Charles Wallace.

D. B. Sperry

f

Final

payment.

CO    Tt<    1000    O 05 rt< CO CO CD b- b- 05 (N ^ CO b- ^

^<N    H    00 tJ<    iO 05 iO t'- 00 CO ’-' CO i-< ^ ^ O (N *0

ICO    N-    <N CD    i-HOO^^CCt-OOCOcOXl>CCl>t^O

N-i-t    t-»    o>c<\    oor^ooeorhococooco

<N    O (N <N »-h 1-H <N rH CO <N

05 00005

05

<N

ON o OO OOOOOOOCCCOOOOOO OO o OO OOOONOOOOOOOC'IOO)

Contract.

rice.

g§ § gg gg£g!28g3gSS§£§3

COO O cqo CJ0005HOONHC0 03 05CC05CO

Improvement of Public Highways.

Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

June 18, 1901 Turners—Monroe road, No. 46, Orange county.......

er.............Aug. 16, 1904|Delmar—Slingerlands road, No. 92 —A, Albany county

Supervisors of

ge county.......... June 20, 1902 Cochecton turnpike road (section 1), No. 113, Orange county .

of Supervisors of

Orange county.........June    20 1902    Central Valley—Turners road, No. 115, Orange county........

Casey and Murray. ...... June    16, 1903    Plattsburg-Mooers road (section 1), No. 138, Clinton county .

Town Board of the Town of

Chazy.. . ...............Tan.    3, 1905    Plattsburg-Mooers road (section 1), No. 138, Clinton county.. .

Casey and Murray........June    16, 1903    Kingston-EUenville road (section 31, No. 141, Ulster county

Ganung and Hoyt........"I¹¹!¹⁶    19. 1903    Cross River-Turk Hill road, No. 150, Westchester county........

and Norton........July    12, 1904    Chester—Goshen road, No. 156, Orange county................

IralM. Ludington.........June 15, 1904,Middletown-Slate Hill road, No. 159, Orange county...........

Joseph Walker............ Tune 9, 1904|Oneonta road, No. 162, Otsego county........................

Buckley Construction Co.. . Tune    17, 1904    Mohawk River turnpike road (east), No. 180, Montgomery county

............June    10, 1904    Troy-Sand Bake road, No. 194, Rensselaer county..............

William H. Masterson.....June    13, 1904    Brick Church-Rock Hollow road, No. 197, Rensselaer countv...

Martin Murray............July 12, 1904 Old Northern turnpike road, No. 200, Rensselaer county.....( . . .

Simon B. Van Magonen. . . July 14, 1904 Roxburv road, No. 216, Delaware county.....................

Simon B. Van n agonen... . July 14 1904 Grand Gorge road, No. 217, Delaware county...................

Don B. Joslyn. .........Aug.    6, 1904jRichfield Springs-Cherry Valley road, No. 219, Otsego county. . .

Simon B. Van Magonen... . July    14, 1904Worcester road, No. 220, Otsego county......................

Prank Pidgeon............June 13, 1904 Hughsonville road, No. 222, Dutchess county..................

Board of Supervisors of

Orange county..........

Robert Shaf Board of Orang Board

'

REPORT

OF THE

DIVISION ENGINEER

OF THE

MIDDLE DIVISION

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

-----⁼

Middle Division.

State of New York,

Department of State Engineer and Surveyor,

Middle Division.

Syracuse, N. Y., October 1, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

g- Dear Sir.—I have the honor to submit herewith the annual report showing work accomplished on the Middle Division for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905.

CANALS AND SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS.

The extent of the canal system upon this Division during the fiscal year remains unchanged, though the Department of Public Works, I am advised, has ceased to operate Section 2 of the Black River canal. But one interruption to navigation occurred during the year. This was occasioned by a break in culvert over the Oneida creek at Durhamville. The structure is of stone, built in two arches of 25-foot span each. Foundations rest upon grillage.

During September, 1902, a break at practically the same point was repaired and no further trouble was anticipated. Early in the morning of May 5 it was discovered that a serious failure had again occurred in the structure at practically the same point as that previously repaired. The Superintendent of Public Works’ forces and representatives of this Department were notified and were on the ground promptly. Upon investigation it was found that the water from the canal near the center of the prism had undermined the west abutment, going under the foundation timbers, and in several places washing out the floor planks. With a head of thirty feet the water soon made a large aperture, carrying everything before it. As soon as the water could be drawn down the work of repair was begun. Concrete was sunk eight feet below the bottom of the old abutment wall to a solid foundation, and, as a further protection, sheet piling ten feet in length was driven outside of the reinforced section. To insure the stability of the arch the ring stones were covered with six inches of concrete reinforced with f-inch round, steel rods placed 12 inches, center to center. Concrete was carefully mixed of approved material and deposited in place by hand, allowed to set twenty-four hours before back-filling was begun. Work was continued with a large force of men and teams, day and night, until completed, and navigation was resumed on the afternoon of May 22. Estimates for a new aqueduct have been prepared, and may eventually result in a more modern structure.

During the year the following Senate and Assembly bills have been investigated and reported upon:

Senate bills, Nos. 578, 675, 793, 843 and 1,029; Assembly bills, Nos. 991, 1,114, 1,124, 1,307, 1,308, 1,367 and 1,545.

With the exception of Willow street bridge, Syracuse, Cold Spring bridge, Oswego canal, High dam, Oswego river and repairs to Canandaigua harbor, contracts which were pending for maintenance and repairs have been completed. With your assistance we have superintended the following contracts:

CONTRACTS PENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Raising and Completing High Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 645, Laws of 1901; Chapter 594, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632,

Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, Walter Bradley & Co.

Engineer in charge, E. C. Clark.

$4,677 00 4,277 75 3,744 00

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Payments to date..

Work was resumed in August and completed, with the exception of the removal of a portion of the coffer dam, in September, 1905. Great difficulty was encountered in filling, owing to the peculiar construction of the foundation, which permitted earth to pass between the piles. As a substitute rock was used as a floor.

Cold Spring Bridge Over the Seneca River (Oswego Canal.) (Chapter 581, Laws of 1903; Chapter 172, Laws of 1905.)

Contractor, The King Bridge Company.

Engineer in charge, D. C. Wedgeworth.

$17,255 00 18,431 50 15,426 00

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Payments to date..

w

t

I

' ■ . ..'/

b

ir,

==t^f-.=^

&&' BCtJ-.MM&a 5 CCS

!•.».

■

115

BHHMMRI

V

k“ |E"j

£gSi;: V:

SSSSKyS

r*j

; “35 - ■' * F /' |

i-/‘ *'**-

:

\

\ /

[I

/

;■

i

1(1 MB

WWV ? .    :' i

. T- tf

J

jpg

,

mm

IY7#

IV >

m

m

- ‘a\ "

.*

~^z. t

' .... • • ⁽

BBXZgv v'-k-'w'J

I

Cold Spring Bridge Over Seneca River (Oswego Canal).

&

&

£

$

y j

m

The approved plans for this bridge were received at this office early in February and the work started. No difficulty was encountered in sinking the pits for the abutments on the south side of the Seneca river, though in attempting to sink coffer dams on the north side quicksand was met, and only after great effort was it possible to get to the required depth, at which point a suitable foundation was found, and the concrete abutments started on pile foundations. Work has progressed rapidly since, and is practically completed with the exception of about 300 cubic yards of earth filling for the approaches.

Continuing Improvement of Harbor, Canandaigua Lake.

(Chapter 594, Laws of 1902; Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, William H. Welch.

Engineer in charge, D. E. Whitford.

$3,506 00 3,598 50 1,746 00

Engineer’s estimate.

Contract price.....

Payments to date..

The work of dredging embraced in this contract is completed, though the extension of the bulkhead line yet remains. In all probability it will be closed out the latter part of October.

Willow Street Bridge over the Oswego Canal at Syracuse.

(Chapter 600, Laws of 1903; Chapter 172, Laws of 1905.)

Contractor, Rochester Bridge and Construction Company. Engineer in charge, F. S. Strong.

$12,940 00 13,259 20 Nothing

Engineer’s estimate (superstructure)

Contract price....................

Payments to date.................

The substructure was built by the Department of Public Works and has been ready for the superstructure since July. Am advised that contracts for the steel have not all been placed, and that it will be some months before material will be delivered on the ground. Structure should have been completed by September 1. Delay occasioned is causing many complaints from merchants in the immediate vicinity.

Barge Canal Contract No. 4, Erie Canal. (Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

Contractor, Empire Engineering Corporation.

Engineer in charge, F. J. Wagner.

$812,560 00 726,815 00 Nothing

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Payments to date..

The actual operation of construction was begun at Sylvan Beach the latter part of August, and has been pushed steadily since. The contract includes sections from Lock No. 25 to deep water at east end of Oneida lake at Sylvan Beach, a distance of, approximately, 4.83 miles.

Barge Canal Contract No. 5, Erie Canal. (Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.) Contractor, Empire Engineering Corporation.

$421,252 50 381,987 50 Nothing

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Payments to date..

Operations were begun the latter part of August and comprise principally clearing and grubbing. This section embraces the work near Mosquito Point bridge over the Seneca river and the east end of the village of Savannah, a length of 5.66 miles. Contractors expect to begin dredging early in the spring, and to that end are devoting their energies to clearing up sections of the undergrowth preparatory to erecting their plants at or near Mosquito Point bridge, where they will concentrate their efforts.

CONTRACTS COMPLETED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Raising and Completing Minetto Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 645, Laws of 1901; Chapter 594, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, Walter Bradley & Co.

Engineer in charge, Geo. D. Williams.

$9,400 00 5,060^00

Appropriation.....

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price Final account.

$4,530 00 4,700 80

The work remaining to complete this contract was finished the latter part of October, 1904. Balance of coping on the north s’de of the river was put in place and final account rendered January 11, 1905.

Raising and Completing Battle Island or Braddock’s Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 594, Laws of 1902; Chapters 599 and 600, Laws of 1903.)

Contractor, Walter Bradley & Co.

Engineer in charge, Geo. D. Williams.

$11,500 00 8,041 00 6,722 50 6,645 37

Appropriation.....

Engineer’s estimate

-Contract price.....

Final account......

Much difficulty was experienced with leaks in the coffer dam, and work was delayed until early part of November, when the last section of coping stone was put in place and final account rendered November 15, 1904.

Repairing State Pier at the Mouth of Inlet to Cayuga Lake.

(Chapter 413, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, Frank Pidgeon.

Engineer in charge, D. E. Whitford.

$6,000 00 5,281 58 5,300 00 5,321 71

Appropriation.....

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Final account......

Completion of the work embraced in this contract was much delayed by the contractor, who failed to obtain a sufficient amount of stone to fill the cribs before the lake froze over. This was procured by means of sleighs. Finished and final account rendered March 25,

1905.

Improvements at Guard-Lock at Geneva, Cayuga and Seneca

Canal.

(Chapter 680, Laws of 1900; Chapter 616, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, C. T. Hookway. Engineer in charge, D. E. Whitford.

$12,785 86 4,315 00 4,398 00 4,207 49

Appropriation......................

Engineer’s estimate..................

Contract price......................

Final account.......................

The contractor^finally succeeded in obtaining material for filling, and the work of completion was progressed rapidly. Final account rendered January£25,‘ 1905.

Rebuilding Carthage Bridge, Black River. (Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

Contractor, C. T. Hookway. Engineer in charge, F. S. Strong.

$1,700 00 1,411 00 1,295 00 1,304 20

Appropriation...................

Engineer’s estimate..............

Contract price....................

Final account....................

Continued high water in the Black river delayed progress on this contract until late in the fall. Work was completed and final account rendered January 11, 1905.

Constructing a Retaining Wall at Carthage Bridge, Black

River.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

Contractor, C. T. Hookway. Engineer in charge, F. S. Strong.

$1,300 00 1,190 70 1,188 10 1,129 98

Appropriation...................

Engineer’s estimate..............

Contract price...................

Final account....................

The wall embraced in this contract is at the west end of Carthage bridge, and is parallel to switch tracks running into Champion Paper Company’s plant. Some delay was occasioned by reason of its proximity to the railroad, and continued wet weather. Work was completed the latter part of October and final account rendered January 11, 1905.

Completing the Stone Arch over Canastota Creek at Canas-

TOTA.

(Chapter 600, Laws of 1903; Chapter 715, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, J. W. McPherson.

Engineer in charge, Kieffer Lindsey.

$4,000 00 3,404 00 2,998 20 3,002 62

Appropriation.....

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price......

Final account......

This work was a continuation of an arch culvert through the grounds near the high school in the village of Canastota, and will relieve the unsanitary condition of the neighborhood. Work was completed the latter part of October and final account rendered December 29, 1904.

Dredging Mouth of Scriba Creek at Constantia.

(Chapter 651, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, James K. Davis & Son.

Engineer in charge, Kieffer Lindsey.

$2,500 00 2,150 00 2,150 00 2,126 00

Appropriation.....

Engineer’s estimate

Contract price.....

Final account......

In order to facilitate the movement of the State launch in connection with the fish hatcheries located on this creek, it was decided that a deep channel should be dredged for a distance along the outlet to Scriba creek. Work was prosecuted during the late fall of 1904 and completed May 18, 1905.

State Hospital Road at Binghamton. (Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, County of Broome. Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

$8,000 00 7,200 00 7,799 00 7,799 00

Appropriation....................

Engineer’s estimate...............

Contract price....................

Final account.....................

To obtain a better entrance to the city of Binghamton and easier grades, it was decided to construct a road through State Hospital grounds. Work was begun early in 1904 and final account rendered September 30, 1905.

Willis Avenue Bridge, Erie Canal. (Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Contractor, Riverside Bridge Co.

Engineer in charge, F. S. Strong.

$12,000 00 10,885 50 10,019 70 10,600 78

Appropriation..................................

Engineer’s estimate.............................

Contract price..................................

Final account...................................

In order to obtain an overhead crossing over the tracks of the New York Central, and Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroads, the authorities of the town of Geddes, in connection with the Solvay Process Co., opened a highway at Willis avenue, connecting it with the Van Vleck road, and in order to join it with the highway in the village of Solvay a bridge was necessary over the Erie canal. The structure thus described was authorized and built. Final account rendered August 10, 1905.

BARGE CANAL.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

Much progress has been made during the year in the preparation of plans and location of line.

Several surveys have been made over Residency No. 5, and in one instance extended to the village of Little Falls. On Residencies Nos. 6 and 7 several lines have been considered and plans and esti-

■    »y>

fcr

hit

. **

x

w

: '• |

c\-

f

4.    %

r¹ >*• ■% :>v

a?

nil

E*j

f:r>

S*\

Rv.

,, .'v .

r'' . h ■ »•&• *,

\ *

t glim

t? i

S

S.S1

■m

Lubeckek Excavator, Contract No. 4, Barge Canal — Erie Route.

This machine is used to build levees for holding material excavated by hydraulic dredg

.......

mates are now being prepared. Residency No. 1, Oswego canal, presents so many intricate problems that a very careful study is necessary before final location is adopted. To this end twenty-one alternate schemes have been placed before the Advisory Board.

Contracts Nos. 4 and 5 have been awarded during the year to the Empire Engineering Corporation, successors to Lyndon W. Bates. Work was begun at Sylvan Beach and Mosquito Point the latter part of September, and is well under way. The reports of Resident Engineers Moulton, Low, Failing and Palmer herewith appended will show in detail the work accomplished under their charge.

Resident Engineer Guy Moulton reports: “ On the section between Brewerton and Three Rivers, which has been called Contract No. 12, 1.5 miles of cross-sections of the Oneida river have been taken. Borings to determine the character of the material to be moved have been made on eight miles of the line from Three Rivers eastward, and at the site of Lock No. 26. The base line from Brewerton to Three Rivers, 11.1 miles, has been monumented with stone monuments and the proposed right of way surveyed and monumented with iron rods. A line has been located from Brewerton across Oneida lake to Sylvan Beach, monumented and soundings taken to determine the depth of water. Plans, an estimate of cost and the right-of-way maps for this contract have been gotten out.

“From Three Rivers to Baldwinsville, a distance of 12.3 miles, a base line has been located along the Seneca river, parallel to the proposed center line and monumented with concrete monuments. The necessary topography has been taken, property lines located and detailed surveys made of five bridges which now span the river and the present canal at Baldwinsville. A second line has been located on the south, or opposite side of the Seneca river at Baldwinsville, and a comparative study of the two lines started. Cross-sections have been taken and the necessary borings made on this section. Both surveys and cross-sections have been platted.

“From Baldwinsville to Mosquito Point, a distance of about 21.5 miles, the center line of the canal has been located and a base line parallel to same run and monumented with concrete monuments. Detailed surveys of five highway and one railroad bridge have been made. The necessary topography has been taken and property lines located on both sides of the Seneca river from Mosquito Point, Station 5074, to the lower end of the State Ditch at Jack’s Reefs, Station 4400; and on the south side of the river from the State Ditch to Baldwinsville, Station 3949. Cross-sections have been taken from Mosquito Point to Station 4400 and platted. Borings have been made from Mosquito Point to the L. V. R. R. bridge, Station 4803, a distance of 5.1 miles.

“A total of 55.7 miles of center line has been located and monu-mented, including the 20.4 miles across Oneida lake. A total of 27 miles of river has been cross-sectioned at intervals of 100 feet, including about 45 stations along the State Ditch, where the intervals average about 30 feet. The cross-sections have averaged 1,000 feet in width.”

Resident Engineer Emile Low reports: “At the beginning of the fiscal year the survey of the center line of the Barge canal was in progress between the Herkimer-Oneida county line and Little Falls, and was completed to the latter place on January 3, 1905. This work, while on the Eastern Division, was done by the survey and level parties under the direction of the writer.

“On October 11, 1904, a wash-drill boring party began operations at Station 5262 near the Herkimer-Oneida county line, and worked westward along the surveyed base line in the Mohawk valley flats. These operations were continued until January 1, 1905, when work was suspended owing to inclement weather. At the time of suspension a point immediately west of Schuyler street road, Utica, was reached, the total number of holes drilled being 115.

“On January 9, 1905, a survey for an alternate location between the west end of Whitesboro and the city of Rome was begun, and completed on February 17, 1905, connection having been made on that date near Doxstader avenue, Rome, with a base line formerly run along the Erie canal. This location contemplates carrying the summit level, elevation of water-surface 429.6 above mean tide, to Nine Mile creek.

“The offices of the Resident Engineer were moved from Utica to Rome on February 1, 1905. At the same time the jurisdiction over the western end of Residency No. 5, formerly Under the direction of Guy Moulton, Resident Engineer, was assumed by the writer.

“During the spring of 1905 several alternative lines were run north of the New York Central railroad and Dominick street, between the Rome Locomotive Works and James street, in Rome.

“ During the early summer of 1905 a number of detailed surveys were made for the proposed contract work between Fort Bull and Tuttle’s, Locks Nos. 23 to 25. Borings were made at the proposed sites of Locks Nos. 24 and 25, and are now in progress at the proposed site of Lock No. 23. Work in the office on the plans and estimates for this contract section is now in progress.

v; •• «

,- j

tM

yg

isv

WM

Ok

r#

Ml¹

<’M

1 »Sb4i

JkmSr • il-

IeA

f «8m

IP

fc':%

?!

TKM

i*

Sjm

r-M

*-

r'

31

rffi

*v

■* *\

;⁵ w j

’MOm *1

Kt '•!

a.4,; v>

r»^    • .i__Mj

% swm

IK

«A

>1

ff

t!

i*

«3‘

■Jfj

Steel Hydraulic Dredqe. Contract No 4, Barge Canal — Erie Route.

♦*

ii

I. -i

<V'

“During July, 1905, a topographical survey was made along the line of the Erie canal between Fort Bull and Dominick street, Rome, and on August 9, 1905, the work of running a new location for the Barge canal between Rome and Utica was started and completed on September 20, on which date the Oneida-Herkimer county line was reached. The work of cross-sectioning, taking topography and making surveys for special structures and the office work in connection with, this line is now in progress.

“ On Contract No. 4 the actual work of construction was begun on September 5, 1905, the work to date consisting of clearing and the excavation of drainage ditches at Sylvan Beach.

"A Barge Canal Engineer office has been established at Sylvan Beach for the use of the Assistant Engineer in charge of Contract No. 4.”

Resident Engineer B. E. Failing reports: “The work on Residency No. 1, Oswego canal, was under the charge of Wm. H. Cushman, Resident Engineer, up to August 23, 1905, when the duties were assumed by the writer.

“ During the year preliminary work has been completed from Three River Point to Oswego. Field work, plans and estimates for twenty-one alternative schemes were prepared and forwarded to the Deputy State Engineer at Albany for consideration. Seven propositions were outlined for Oswego, three at High dam, three at Minetto, three at Pathfinder island, three at Fulton and two at Phoenix. The importance and necessity for careful consideration of these plans has delayed their adoption, and they are now before the Advisory Board, which will doubtless make a selection of the routes to be adopted within a very short time.

“Contract drawings and estimates for Contract No. 10 at Fulton were prepared and sent to Albany for adoption.

“Center line and cross-sections have been taken from Three River Point to Oswego, also wash and core-drill borings completed with the exception of the sections at Battle island, Minetto and Oswego. Topography at the above points has also been obtained. The office force is now busily engaged in preparing plans on mounted paper of the line over the entire residency, and contract drawings and estimates for alternate lines are also under preparation.”

Assistant Engineer M. B. Palmer, in charge of Water-Supply, reports: “The object of this work is to provide a sufficient supply of water to feed the proposed summit level of the Barge canal near Rome throughout the season of navigation. This will be accomplished by building large storage reservoirs on some or all of the following

streams: Mohawk river at Delta, Oriskany creek at Pleasant Valley, West Canada creek at Hinckley, Nine Mile creek at Stittville, Limestone creek at High Bridge and by raising the outlet of Cazenovia lake.

“From the commencement of the work, April 12 to June 20, 1905, Glenn D. Holmes, Engineer of Water-Supply, was in charge, and from the latter date the work has been in charge of the writer.

“Work to date consists of levels, surveys and borings. . Precise levels for the establishment of bench marks for the various surveys have been run as follows: From Erie canal at Oriskany to proposed dam site near Pleasant Valley; along Erie canal from Stanwix to Fort Bull; from Rome to Delta and Westernville along the Black River canal; from Oriskany through Trenton Falls and Hinckley to Northwood; from Fayetteville to High Bridge, and from Chittenango to Cazenovia, a total of 58 miles. All surveys to date have been made by stadia, as follows: The survey for the reservoir on the Mohawk river, near Delta, was started May 25 and completed August 19, 1905. About 400 stadia stations were occupied, from which 17,-000 shots were taken and reduced. The survey included the proposed dam location and the entire valley above up to contour 570 and in certain places still higher, to provide for relocation of highways and the Black River canal, covering in all about nine square miles.

“Only three or four days were spent on the reservoir site at Pleasant Valley, during which a survey was made of the proposed dam location and the immediate vicinity. These notes were reduced, plotted and traced.

“The party was moved to Hinckley August 21 and is now engaged in making a survey for a large storage reservoir on West Canada creek. This survey begins between Prospect and Hinckley, and extends up the valley to a point about four miles above Northwood, and is about two-thirds completed. Below Hinckley the survey extends to the hill tops on either side of the creek, and above Hinckley up to contour 1,240. The survey, when completed, will cover about eleven square miles.

“ Boring operations have been carried on during the past summer at Oriskany and Delta. At the former place 18 holes have been drilled and at the latter 120 holes.”

COURT OF CLAIMS SURVEYS.

To defend the State’s interest from unreasonable claims for damage arising out of the alleged overflow of the State canal feeders, a party has been in the field obtaining accurate data. The work ac-

. >n

:*

Sg!

*?

•> ft#

Wm

L.

; <!

r#

mim

jfeft

1y

CZ

Xtl

IfM

zm

ft

It

•mf

r'

yr.

t,

«•

Steel Hydraulic Dredge, Contract No 5, Barge Canal — Erie Route.

View showing dredge in process of construction. It was necessary to construct steel dredges for contracts Nos. I and 5 near the scenes of their future operations.

complished is herewith set forth in report of Leveler in charge of party:

“Party has been engaged during the year in making surveys and preparing a defense in the claims for damage incident to the overflow on various creeks passing under or through the Erie canal. Detail maps were made under the overflowed areas on Chittenango, Limestone and Butternut creeks; also maps showing the area of the watersheds of said creeks and the location of the State dams and reservoirs used in the water-supply system for the Erie canal. Cross-sections were taken and gages established at frequent intervals along these creeks, and gagings of the streams made at various points by means of weirs and current-meter records.

“One claim was selected for trial on Chittenango, Limestone and Butternut creeks. By use of data obtained from the above surveys a defense was prepared in these claims. These claims were brought to trial in May and June, 1905, but the decision of the Court has not yet been rendered.

“Since the trial of these claims surveys have been completed of Dead creek, Putnam creek and Cold Spring brook, from the Erie canal north far enough to include the overflowed area on which damage is claimed. The party at present is engaged on the survey of White Bottom brook.

“The number of claims amounts to 150. The acreage aggregates 3,600, and the amount of damage claimed is, approximately, $137,550.”

SENECA RIVER AND CAYUGA LAKE SURVEY.

Under the provisions of chapter 700 of the laws of 1905, a survey is in progress to determine the cost of constructing a Barge canal from a point near Fox Ridge on the Erie Barge, through the Seneca river to Cayuga lake. The work accomplished thus far is shown briefly in report herewith appended:

“This survey was begun September 6, 1905. A line of precise levels was run between the Barge canal bench mark at Fox Ridge to the bench mark at Cayuga lake lock, and elevations taken on the Erie canal bench marks at Montezuma and along the Cayuga and Seneca canal. Bench marks were established for convenience in this work, and spur lines of levels run wherever conditions seemed to warrant for the control of the stadia levels. A stadia survey was made of an area approximating twelve square miles, four of which were farm land, two wooded, and six of marsh and watercourses. The watercourses are the Seneca river from Fox Ridge to

Cayuga lake, the Clyde river from its junction with the Seneca to May’s Point and Cayuga lake between Mud lock and the Auburn branch of the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. No base line was run but the whole covered by a net work of stadia circuits. Range stakes for cross-sections were set during the progress of the stadia every 500 feet along the streams. In the marsh it was necessary to use a special platform to bring the instrument above the rushes, and to secure a firm foundation. After the completion of the stadia, cross-sections were taken at the ranges previously located, and simultaneous soundings taken for hard ground to an elevation of 362. Wherever hard ground was found above this elevation, its limits were traced out. Profiles were also run across the marsh along the New York Central and West Shore railroads, and the several highways.”

IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC HIGHWAYS.

(Under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Probably one of the most important subjects confronting the Department at this time is the question of the best method of improving the highways of the State. A number of laws have been placed on the statute books seeking to accomplish this end. The one thus far to be most generally approved is known as the Higbie-Armstrong Act. Under this bill the roads on this Division have been constructed. That its provisions are wise is best attested by the results attained.

In the early spring a careful inspection of the macadam by the Deputy State Engineer and the writer showed, with but two exceptions, that they were in perfect condition. The defects were due to raveling or picking up of small stone in the center of the road by the sharp calks on horses driven singly. Repairs thus occasioned were of trifling import, and of very small cost. Efforts should be made to induce the driving public to use the entire macadam surface. By so doing ruts would be avoided and the life of the road increased indefinitely.

During the year the County of Onondaga has appointed as Superintendent of Roads, Mr. Frank E. Bogardus. Since assuming his duties he has been making a careful inspection of the improved roads throughout the county, also those of earth and gravel. I am satisfied that, as a result of his energies, the roads will be greatly improved.

L That the public is alive to the importance of the improved roads is best shown by the petitions received in this Division to date, which approximate 2,110 miles, 710 miles having been petitioned for during the past year. . Since the last report 184.26 miles have been surveyed and 165.83 miles mapped. The total mileage constructed to date is 70.94, of which 39 miles were completed this year. There are now 22.12 miles under construction, and 1.58 miles under contract, but not begun. We have eighty roads on the waiting list aggregating 249 miles.

From the following tables the progress of construction may be observed:

CONTRACTS PENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Endicott Road, No. 174, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 2.17 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $22,500.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 58 per cent.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road extends from the easterly line of the village of Union, easterly to Hooper post-office.

On June 16, 1904, contracts were awarded to the County of Broome for the improvement of Roads Nos. 174, 175, 209, 210, 211, 212, 213 and 214. The work was managed by a committee from the Board of Supervisors. Three road improvement outfits were purchased, and work begun on Roads Nos. 209, 210 and 213 during the summer of 1904. The committee manifested a desire to obtain the best possible results in the improvement of the roads, irrespective of any extra expense incurred thereby, and worked in conjunction and harmony with this Department, making the County a desirable contractor. However, owing to the inexperience of the committee and their superintendents, the progress has in most instances been slow, with the result that on two of the roads contracted for no work has yet been done.

Work on the Endicott road was started in June, 1905, and would have been completed this year but for the delays and extra work entailed by the electric railroad laying an additional track on the highway.

Chenango Tow-path Road, No. 175, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 1.84 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $13,250.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 99 per cent.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road is located upon the tow-path of the old Chenango canal and extends from Port Crane toward Binghamton, connecting with the Fenton road, completed last year.

The improvement was begun at the opening of the season this year, and the contract completed in July, but after the same was opened to travel it became such a popular drive for motor cars that it was deemed necessary, owing to the dangerous location of the road, to construct a guard-rail on both sides, nearly its entire length. This work is now in progress.

Redwood-Alexandria Bay Road (Section 1), No. 182, Jefferson County, N. Y.

Length, 2.98 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $27,300.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 74 per cent.

Contractor, Elisha W. Visger.

Engineer in charge, Guy H. Miller.

This road extends from the southeasterly line of the corporate limits of the village of Alexandria Bay, westerly towards Redwood.

As stated in last year’s report the progress on this road has been retarded by the inexperience of the contractor. However, the contract will probably be completed this year.

Center Village Road, No. 211, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 0.57 mile.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $5,000.

No work done to September 30, 1905.

Contractor, County of Broome.

See Road No. 174.

Ouaquaga Road, No. 212, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 1.01 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $9,350.

No work done to September 30, 1905.

Contractor, County of Broome.

See Road No. 174.

***

* lij

■*

|. V

33

fig

r.t

j*r

Si

8fg»r;| b

Bps. ■

a

mm>

.r

vc

"■.A

s;

Broome County, N. Y.; Chenango Tow-path, Ro. 175.

Built by State Engineer in 1905. One and one-half miles southwest of Port Crane, looking west. Road built upon the tow-path of the old Chenango canal. Base of field stone, with filler of same; top of trap rock, bound with limestone screenings.

River Road, Windsor (Section 2), No. 213, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 2.83 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $25,900.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 95 per cent.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road extends from the corporation line of the village of Windsor northerly and connects with Road No. 212. The progress has been very slow, owing to poor management, but the quality of the work done very satisfactory. The macadam has all been laid and the road opened to travel, but the work of trimming up the earth shoulders and gutters has been put off in order to concentrate the forces on Road No. 214.

River Road, Windsor (Section 1), No. 214, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 1.87 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $16,450.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 55 per cent.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road extends from the corporation line of the village of Windsor, southerly. Very good progress has been made since the laying of macadam began on September 19, 1905.

Greene-Smithville Flats Road, No. 218, Chenango County,

N. Y.

Length, 4.68 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $37,700.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 81 per cent.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road extends from the corporate limits of the village of Greene to the village of Smithville Flats. The contract was awarded to Douglas Y. Ashley on July 13, 1904, and assigned by him to Casey and Murray in May, 1905. Work was begun in June, 1905, and is being rapidly pushed to completion. The macadam will, no doubt, be completed by October 15, which will give a progress of one and one-half miles laid per month, from July 15 to October 15, which •

illustrates the progress that can be made by competent and experienced contractors.

Guilford Road, No. 225, Chenango County, N. Y.

Length, 5.75 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $50,000.

Work completed to September 30, 1905, 54 per cent.

Contractor, Douglas V. Ashley.

Engineer in charge, Waldo G. Wildes.

Contract was awarded July 13, 1904, and work started in August of the same year. Owing to the inexperience and inefficiency of management, together with a false idea of economy on the part of the contractor, the progress has been very slow, and less than three miles of macadam has been laid in eight months’ work. The results obtained, however, have been very satisfactory.

CONTRACTS COMPLETED DURING THE FISCAL YEAR ENDING SEPTEMBER 30, 1905.

Fabius-Apulia Road (Section 1), No. 49, Onondaga County,

N. Y.

Length, 2 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $17,900.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $16,000.

Contractor, John Dunfee & Co.

Engineer in charge, Nathan E. Young.

This road, together with Roads Nos. 75 and 121, provides for a macadam highway from Apulia station on the D. L. & W. R. R., easterly four miles toward Fabius village. The bottom course is of native field and quarry fine grain sandstone, and the top course of hard blue limestone from Janesville, Onondaga county. There are two changes in location, each about one-half mile in length, made in order to lessen the grade, and which are highly appreciated by the traveling public. The road, while an outlet for quite an extent of farming country, is, nevertheless, a strictly local road.

Marcellus-Marietta Road, No. 74, Onondaga County, N. Y. Length, 1 mile.

Width of macadam, 12 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $9,200.

v,

rWQ

17 ‘

ansi

:7 V

*11 V

mmffl I

WS¹

S3

►T

•i

Chenango County, N. Y.; Greene-Smithtix-le Flats Road, No. 218.

. In progress of improvement bv State Engineer in 1905. One and one-quarter miles south., of Smithville Flats, looking south. Base of local bluestpne, with sand filler; top of limestone, bound with local bluestone screenings.

Work completed, November, 1904.

Final account, $10,197.64.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Onondaga county.

Engineer in charge, W. W. Stone.

This mile of road was picked out apparently for the reason that it was one of the most difficult miles of road to maintain in the town, the material forming the subgrade being a soft clay. The improvement required fifteen new culverts. This section of road is about three miles south of Marcellus, on the Valley road to Otisco lake and Marietta. The travel has been light since completion, but when balance of roads petitioned for in the vicinity are constructed, it will be considerably increased.

Fabius-Apulia Road (Section 2), No. 75, Onondaga County,

N. Y.

Length, 0.86 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches. Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $8,800. Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $7,800.

Contractor, John Dunfee & Co.

Engineer in charge, W. W. Stone.

See Road No. 49.

East Lake Road (Section 1), No. 122, Onondaga County, N. Y.

Length, 1 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $9,200.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $8,300.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Onondaga county.

Engineer in charge, W. W. Stone.

This road extends from the corporate limits of the village of Skaneateles, southerly along the east side of Skaneateles lake. While the section improved is but one mile in length, it is the forerunner of several other petitions which are now on the construction list, and will extend the improvement about four and one-half miles, southerly from the village of Skaneateles.

The crushed stone for the macadam was obtained from local field stope, sandstone for the bottom course and selected hard limestone cobbles and boulders for the top course.

Town Line Extension Road, No. 126, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 1.97 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $19,750.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $17,975.84.

Contractor, Joseph Walker.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road is a continuation of the Chenango River road, No. 47, extending northerly from the city of Binghamton on the west side of the Chenango river. The permanency of the improvement was considered questionable by the residents thereon, owing to the nature of the material forming the subgrade. This was silt, commonly called quicksand, and heaves excessively under the action of frost, and when the frost is leaving the ground in the spring it is as treacherous as quicksand, and often travel would have to be suspended for several days. The grade of the road was raised from a foot to eighteen inches throughout so as to obtain the benefit of the old surface crust and the subgrade formed of gravel from six inches to one foot in thickness and consolidated in a manner similar to constructing a gravel road, and on this foundation the macadam was then laid. The road was completed last year and passed through the winter, which was a trying one to roads in Broome county, without a break.

The macadam is formed of local field stone, bottom course, and trap rock, top course.

Genesee Turnpike Road, No. 132, Onondaga County, N. Y.

Length, 1.13 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $8,900.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $8,600.

Contractor, James E. Martin.

Engineer in charge, W. W. Stone.

as

Highway extends from the corporate limits of the village of Solway, westerly through the town of Geddes, and is one of the main roads leading into Syracuse. It was an easy road to improve it had a natural gravel foundation and was well graded. The macadam is formed of limestone base course and trap rock from Rockland lake for the top.

I®

SI

,> v.

*

ifliPf

...

-

8

iTLi'e

..aii

a

2

&

3ft

ft    ,

«ft « .

L«*

■V

:I2

MSI*

I*⁸* *

2a

ba

ii

a

N

hH

1

mst

....

Bkoome County, X. Y.; Town Line Extension Road, No. 126.

Built by State Engineer; completed October, 1904. Base of local field stone, with filler of s^nd and field stone screenings; top of trap rock, botmd with screenings of same.

Fenton Road, No. 134, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 2.17 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $22,600.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $19,594.65.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Broome county.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road extends northerly from the village of Port Dickinson and is a main road leading to the city of Binghamton. It was an easy road to improve on account of the natural gravel foundation and easy grades. The macadam is formed of local field stone for bottom course and New Jersey trap rock for .the top.

Hamilton Bridge Road, No. 139, Oneida County, N. Y.

Length, 1.29 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $8,900.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Final account, $9,049.39.

Contractor, F. A. Little.

Engineer in charge, F. S. Strong.

This is simply a local cross road leading toward Oneida in the town of Vernon. The foundation is a soft clay and the numerous small depressions, after one season’s travel, demonstrate that six inches of macadam is not sufficient without reinforcement on a foundation of this kind. The macadam, both top and bottom courses, is formed of local limestone, quarried at Sherrill.

Burr’s Mills Road, No. 147, Jefferson County, N. Y. Length, 3.92 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 14 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $26,700.

Work completed, October, 1904.

Final account, $24,190.40.

Contractor, Wm. A. Burnham.

Engineer in charge, C. E. Raynor.

Road extends southerly and easterly from the city of Watertown, with several heavy grades up to seven per cent. The foundation ranges from the best of gravel to the poorest silt. No reinforcement

20

to the macadam was used over the silt and the surface begins to show depressions and ruts in these places, with but one year’s use. The portion where gravel or sand formed the foundation is still perfect. The macadam, both top and bottom courses, is of local quarried limestone.

Watertown-Sacketts Harbor-Henderson Road (Section 1), No. 181, Jefferson County, N. Y.

Length, 6.04 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet; depth, 6 and 8 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $47,850.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Final account, $45,399.25.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineer in charge, M. B. Palmer.

Highway extends easterly from Sacketts Harbor toward Water-town, and also southerly from Sacketts Harbor to Campbell’s Point, on the road to Henderson, and is the main thoroughfare leading to Watertown from these localities.

The section from Sacketts Harbor easterly is on clay foundation, and is built eight inches in thickness for about one and three-quarters miles over the poorest of the subgrade, and six inches with no reinforcement for the balance. The section south from Sacketts Harbor for about three-quarters of a mile was originally bare ledge rock, and the balance shifting sand. Sand was hauled onto the bare ledge and mixed with stone spalls to form the subgrade. Both courses of macadam are of local quarried sandstone.

Adams-Henderson Road (Section 1), No. 183, Jefferson County, N. Y.

Length, 3.03 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $21,900.

Work completed, November, 1904.

Final account, $19,621.68.

Contractors, Chambers and Grady.

Engineer in charge, M. B. Palmer.

Road extends westerly from the village of Adams and is the main outlet for a large section of country. The macadam is formed of crushed local field stone, selected granite hard heads for the top course and sandstone and gneiss for the bottom course.

Pierrepont Manor-Ellisburg Road, No. 184, Jefferson County,

N. Y.

Length, 2.96 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $21,850.

Work completed, July, 1905.

Final account, $19,396.55.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineer in charge, E. C. Clark.

This road extends from the railroad station at Pierrepont Manor to Ellisburg village. The macadam is formed of local quarried limestone for both courses, except about 3,000 feet on the Pierrepont Manor end, where local field stone was used for bottom course. About

3,500 feet near Ellisburg has a soft clay subgrade, and at this point the macadam was reinforced with a heavy course, six to eight inches in thickness, formed of crusher tailings and quarry scrap under the regular standard six-inch macadam.

State Road, No. 185, Jefferson County, N. Y.

Length, 1 mile.

Width of macadam, 12 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $8,920.

Work completed, July, 1905.

Final account, $8,015.50.

Contractor, Ellery Colby & Co.

Engineer in charge, M. B. Palmer.

This section of road is located on the old State road leading from Adams to Lorraine and eastward, and was selected for improvement for no apparent reason other than a start in the direction of highway improvement. The macadam is formed of local field stone, which are granite hard heads.

Depot Road, No. 186, Jefferson County, N. Y.

Length, 1.03 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $6,800.

Work completed, June, 1905.

Final account, $6,366.60.

Contractors, Casey and Murray.

Engineer in charge, M. B. Palmer.

This highway extends from the railroad station to the village of Three Mile Bay. The macadam is of local quarried limestone, both courses.

Nineveh Road, No. 209, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 0.93 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $7,550.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Final account, $6,814.78.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This road is the main highway through the village of Nineveh, not incorporated. The macadam is of local field stone, bottom course, and limestone from Cobleskill, top course.

Harpursville Road, No. 210, Broome County, N. Y.

Length, 0.85 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 and 20 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $11,300.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Final account, $10,256.71.

Contractor, County of Broome.

Engineer in charge, R. J. Marcher.

This improvement covers the two intersecting roads in the village of Harpursville, not incorporated. The macadam is formed of local field stone, bottom course, and Cobleskill limestone, top course.

Dryden Road, No. 215, Cortland County, N. Y.

Length, 2 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet; depth, 6 inches.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $16,700.

Work completed, May, 1905.

Final account, $13,897.

Contractor, Frank Pidgeon.

Engineer in charge, Guy L. Noble.

Road extends from the corporate limits of the city of Cortland toward Dryden, and was an easy road to, improve, as the subsoil was gravel. The macadam is of local field stone for bottom course and Perryville limestone for the top.

Oxford-McDonough Road, No. 224, Chenango County, N. Y.

Length, 5.82 miles.

Width of macadam, 10 feet.

Engineer’s estimate of total cost, $37,600.

it'^s

■t.'

,h:

/ <b

t 4

" 'i /

:>

LI

^■-£2

I*

l#?

vm

* |i

«g

*3

*sJ

Si

't"~

Jf> jjfl

ii

■ft*'

IK

:■

Jfe.

|ny

jrasNH! EM*- ‘&i

i&kf IV-* <&.

¹

l A M'

it

K<

Broome County, N. Y.; Park Bridge Road, No. 127.

Built by State Engineer in 1904. Old and new locations shown. Base of local field stone, filled with screenings of same and sandy gravel; top of trap rock, bound with limestone and trap rock screenings.

Work completed, September, 1905.

Final account, $34,360.65.

Contractor, Chas. H. Quereau.

Engineer in charge, W. W. Stone.

This road extends from the corporate limits of the village of Oxford to East McDonough. Both courses of macadam are formed of local stone, field and quarry. This stone is a soft sandstone, which makes a smooth surface, but wears rapidly.

Improvement of Public Highways.

Recapitulation of Work Done to September 30, 1905.

COUNTY.

III

in

8 o

^ CO

fcgfe

'c P

4%

-II

III

*

-iso

:i(S

75 -+->    —T

® 7i 5?o r=3 v a co

Miles of plans and estimates completed prior to September 30, 1905.

TsSg

sl§o-P.

75 -M <D 75

■—-j ^

Si -9

Jjf!

Miles of surveys made during year ending September 30, 1905.

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1904,

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1905.

i h h

m

if!

30, 1905.

Broome.....

Cayuga.....

Chenango. . . Cortland.... Jefferson....

Lewis.......

Madison.....

Oneida......

Onondaga...

Oswego.....

St. Lawrence

Seneca......

Tioga.......

Tompkins...

1.03

13

5.36

26.25

16.35

40.79

12.64

4.86

51.19

27.70

62.68

5.36

19.45

6.78    12.70

5.92

7.03

9.22

33.95

6.

32.

17.70

90.41

12.64

6.23

1.35

49.62

30.64 11.82

4.84

2.45

10.66

4.45

17.98

5.82

2.00

17.98

82

21.42

13.22

33.95

30.99

31.36

14.39

4.00

14.

8.44

29.43

34.04

14.39

4.61

50.88

8^45

11.06

4.94

12.35

10.93

1.29

5.99

1.87

1.87

Total

1.03

284.

450.82

165.83

184.26

31.94    70.94

39.00

Roads for Which Contracts Have Been Made Under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898, From September 30, 1904,

to September 30, 1905.

g^joauiSug

•S06T 'IMqo» -oo o; pa^ajd -raoo 9.1100 aoj

Kind of Stone.

Top.

Bottom.

•apm jod aoipeARO -X9 gpjB^ oiqno

•ABMpBOJ

J° WIASl

•UTBp'BOBUI

100 $6,800 00

Limestone

Limestone

2,043

cc

(N

(N CO

PWTAV ^

•gopm ut q^suoq;

Date of contract.

•aaqrnnu uopi^oj

County.

NAME OF ROAD.

\10qranu pRo^

1.03

Oct. 19, 1904

CO*

-r

Jefferson.

Depot

186

The readiness with which yon and your deputies have responded to all requests for assistance and advice has been of great value to me, and is greatly appreciated. The energy and efficiency of the men of this Division and their readiness to perform all duties assigned them in a conscientious manner is worthy of the highest commendation.

Respectfully submitted,

CHAS. O. McCOMB,

Division Engineer.

The Following Statements Show the Names, Rank and Compensation of Engineers Employed in the Middle Division of the Department of the State Engineer and Surveyor, Together with Incidental Expenses, for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb.

Fred W. Sarr.....

L. D. Norton.....

Howard U. Lyon.. John M. Turner...

Elsie J. Lake.....

R. J. Pike........

Geo. D. Williams..

D.    E. Whitford...

W. W. Stone......

D C. Wedgeworth

E.    C. Clark.......

E.    J. Berry.......

L. Kavanagh.....

C. H. Mattison... . W m. S. Morris....

F.    H. Mongin.....

John Connors.....

Division engineer... . Resident engineer... .

Financial clerk......

Estimate clerk.......

Stenographer........

Stenographer........

Stenographer........

Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer...

Leveler.............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

$3,600 per year 2,400 per year

5    00 per day

4    00 per day 1,100 per year

60 00 per month

2    50 per day

6    00 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day

3    00 per day 3 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

40 00 per month

$942 50 021 07 680 00 168 00 699 17 60 00 30 00 42 00 25 00 10 00 75 00

825 86 25 49 9 98 12 82

3 70

5 18

5 00

5    00 18 00

6    66

9 00 42 00 30 00 236 00 4 00 480 00

6 88

3 06

$968 36 946 56 689 98 180 82 699 17 60 00 30 00 45 70 30 18 15 00 93 00 11 66 15 88 42 00 33 06 236 00 4 00 480 00

Stationery and printing

Livery.................

Fuel and light..........

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$4,581 37

$187 79 30 75 166 40 76 21 481 18 338 89

1,281 22

Total

$5,862 59

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Oswego Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb.

Fred W. Sarr.....

Geo. D. Williams.. D. E. Whitford... . D. C. Wedgeworth Edward M. Ellis.. Bernace B. Weber. C. H. Mattison....

Division engineer. . . Resident engineer.. -Assistant engineer... Assistant engineer... Assistant engineer..

Draftsman.........

Rodman...........

Chainman..........

$3,600 per year 2,400 per year 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day

$230 00 100 00 48 00 135 00 465 00 36 00 31 50

$2 70 4 20 7 35 4 75 48 45

9 00

$232 70 104 20 55 35 139 75 513 45 36 00 31 50 9 00

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Oswego Canal—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Wm-. S. Morris.... F. H. Mongin.....

Laborer.

Laborer.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$10 00 52 00

$10 00 52 00

Office rent.... Miscellaneous

Incidental Expenses.

$1,183 95

$11 00 19 50

30 50

Total

$1,214 45

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Cayuga and Seneca Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb.

Fred W. Sarr.....

Howard U. Lyon..

D.    E. Whitford.. .

E.    C. Clark.......

R. J. Murray......

Nathan E. Young. W m. L. Savacoot.. Roy F. Hall......

F.    H. Mongin.....

Division engineer.....

Resident engineer... .

Estimate clerk.......

Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer.. .

Leveler.............

Rodman............

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

$3,600 per year 2,400 per year

4    00 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 3 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 00 per day

$180 00 100 00 4 00 595 00 150 00 45 00 9 00 276 50 30 00

$8 14 1 88 41 08 10 48 4 81

8 00

5 78 5 44

$180 00 108 14 5 88 636 08 160 40 49 88 9 00 282 28 35 44 8 00

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$1,475 11

$2 00

in

19 95

24 00

Total

$1,499 11

~.——S

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Black River Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb. Fred’k S. Strong. .

Division engineer.... Assistant engineer.. .

$3,600 per year 5 00 per day

$180 00 195 00

$44 22

$180 00 239 22

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

$419 22

$0 58

3 15

4 63

NAME.

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

iis :.*j -JSSSSSSSSSSSSSS    : :mc

fl'^S jrfjj-NlSfI'llll&ft’&'S    :Z2&2 :::::::::::: ::::::::::::

llWIlllllllllllllllIllillMlljll

i

III! 3ll3iSfcl5l3liSlS'S2£2Sllllsi5lljllllll5ilds5!!s3lll!HSlllllljII

o to to

to i o to to to to to to to to to to tototototototococooocococococo^oocococococococo^^^^^^^^axoioioioiaiOiOTOiOTOTCnoioxoiai 4*. o o Wo

08888808808s 8888800888880008000000000800000088888888888888888®88° §§§

u:

oroo ooo§ooooo§ooSooooooooooooooo8°oSo°oooo8o°oo§oooo§§o8§ §§080^808008

$61 36 164 03 144 83

43 52 21 10 59 68

528 65 895 44 137 36 503 48

18 75

38 55 2 25 568 37

155 62

126 24 345 36 259 06

150 13

15 56

1 08

7 08

60 83 86 72 2 38

114 38

2 00

7 75

h-⁴ H-1 tO t-⁴

Issssillssss sggsssaSsSslisgssSsll^liilislgi^SiisssoosSlsssiiassssSI III

888888S8S888 8§g888§88888882S888S8S8S8§8§w88§8g88S88SSSg3SI8fcgfcg8SoS

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal—(Continued).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of

compensa- Services, tion.

Travel.

Total.

Laborer

F. H. Mongin Wm.S. Morris.... Laborer H. S. Otman Ernest W. Dalton. Laborer A. A. Wagner J. E. Brastow.... Laborer

A.    M. Brown......

s. E. Kappesser

H. W. Stoneburg.. Laborer Peter Kappesser.. Laborer W. J. Lake.

Jesse Foster Wm. Ten Eyck... . Laborer Harry 0. Smith... Laborer F. N. Decker Anthony Schmidt Laborer W. J. Wilds......Laborer

B.    J. Sheppard...

Walter J. O’Briei Harry H. Philleo. Laborer Reuben Collins. . . Laborer George Scott Clarence G. Wells. Laborer Thomas W ard.... Laborer. Charles F. Jones. . Laborer LaMonte T. Clark. Laborer Peter A. Stanton. Laborer A. G. Williams... . Laborer Henry C. Little. ■ • Laborer Floyd C. Oatman. Laborer, Cyrus Carpenter.. Laborer. Frank Tierney.... Laborer. David Rooney... . Laborer. W. T. Marriott... • Laborer. Harry Poole A. G. Bohannan... Laborer Lyle B. Marcy... . Laborer

F. A. Gordon.....

P. K. Miller......

Wm. Gavigan. . . .

H. G. Farmer.....

Geo. F. Mead.....

Edward B. Folley.

George E. Sessions Laborer W m. J. Lloyd.... Sylvester WiUse...

John Zingline.....

S. C. Bettinger.. . .

W. Lawson W ood-

bury...........

Clarence Phelps...

Albert A. Fuller.. .

Solomon W alts.. .

Edward Strong.. .

Fred Miller.......

Wm. F. Beers.. • .

John Phillips.....

M. J. Shortall.....

Daniel Brown....

Jas. A. Ten Eyck..

Louis McArthur...

John Chamberlain

Frank Shane.....

Chas. Schoen.....

Chas. Brannock...

F. B. Randall. .. .

E. A. Evans......

James Ray.......

W ayne McArthur. Adniram Hart....

Geo. H. Meeker...

Laborer

Laborer

Mr

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

. Laborer n. Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer,

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer.......

Laborer.......

Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader... Gage reader.. . Gage reader.., Gage reader... Gage reader.. Gage reader.. Gage reader.. Gage reader.., Gage reader.. Gage reader..

$2 00 per day] 2 00 per day] 2 @0 per day! 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

2 00 per day 2 00 per day 12 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 7 00 per month 6 00 per month 6 00 per month 6’00 per month 5⁷00 per month 5⁷00 per month 5T00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5?00 perjnonth 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5.100 per month

$58 00 136 00 200 00 52 00 160 00 626 00 82 00 76 00 18 00 626 00 258 00 208 00 58 00 334 00 90 00 68 00 128 00 626 00 602 00 222 00 12 00 602 00 436 00 430 00 120 00 38 00 228 001 30 00 262 00 262 00 258 00 28 00 222 00 258 00 42 00 276 00

00

294 00| 130 00 90 00 16 00 36 00 268 00 196 00 22 00 22 00 22 00 36 00

130

36 00 . 20 00 . 89 55 . 31 84 . 7 00 . 9 59 . 25 23 . 72 00;. 12 00 . 36 881. 13 43 15 00 41 48! 36 30 5 00] 60 00¹

40    00

41    30! 41 30] 45 00 41 301 60 001

coooooSoooooooooSSoooooooooooooScocooooooooooooo §§S£888g§83§3S§§§S8§S§

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel. / Total.

H. E. Bradt......

Edward Carlton...

Wm. Prettie......

Bessie C. Kellogg..

Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader. Gage reader.

$5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 4 00 per month

$10 00 41 48 41 48 10 47

$10 00 41 48 41 48 10 47

Instruments, tools, and appliances

Office rent......................

Fuel and light.............’.....

Stationery and printing..........

Postage........................

Telephone and telegraph.........

Miscellaneous..............

Incidental Expenses.

$52,296 07

$1,188 85 717 50 250 89 62 52 79 85 223 86 4,802 21

7,325 68

Total

$59,621 75

Construction of Barge Canal—Oswego Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. | Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb.

Wm. H. Cushman.

B. E. Failing.....

L. D. Norton.....

Howard TJ. Lyon..

B.    E. Failing.....

Edwin Styring....

Chas. A. Pohl.....

Guy L. Noble.....

E.    C. Clark.......

Herbert Spencer..

Ernest F. Ayres...

Arthur T. O’Leary Joseph Ii. Young. Thos.R.Tetley, Jr.

Wm. L. Savacool.

Earl L. Keeler.. . .

C.    H. Mattison... .

Wm. A. Thurston.

F.    A. Gordon.....

Victor C. Lewis.. .

H. K. Burdick....

W alter B. Jewett..

J. A. Haskell......

Wm. S. Morris... .

F. N. Decker.....

E. H. Campau... .

C.    W. Johnson....

A. G. Bohannan...

E. M. B,

Frank M. Hughes..

Smith Sharp......

Geo. Archambo...

Sam’l L. Purdy.. .

D.    D. Tompkins...

Edward Heagerty. Gage reader Roy L. Smith. . . . |Gage reader

onner

Division engineer Resident engineer... . Resident engineer... .

Financial clerk......

Estimate clerk.......

Assistant engineer Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer... Assistant engineer. . .

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Draftsman..........

Rodman............

Rodman.............

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Gage reader.........

Gage reader.........

Gage reader.........

Gage reader.........

Gage reader.........

$3,600 per year 2,400 per year 2,400

5    00 per day

4    00 per day

6    00 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

12 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month 5 00 per month[

per year

to

“sggsgsSsilssfessilisigslifelgllilHSisg

§§§§§§gg8o§§§g§§S£§§£§ggg§gg§g°go§ffig§

$8 85 134 89 9 98

48 69 43 55 492 99 208 00

20 16 4 01

122 99 109 46

2 90 245 31

t> 03 CO bO GO Oi GO CO CO    CO t—I

s.-,

41

24

10

69

93

no

01

06

46

00

19

90

31

41

25

00

00

50 00 28 00 628 00 628 00 174 00 468 00 96 00 60 00 60 00 35 00 60 00 25 00 35 00

Construction of Barge Canal—Oswego Canal—(Concluded). "] |]

(Chapter 147. Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Charles Davis.....

J. M. Johnson.....

Gage reader. Gage reader.

$5 00 per month 5 00'per month

$17 08 40 93

$17 08 40 93

Instruments, tools and appliances

Office rent.....................

Fuel and light.................

Stationery and printing.........

Postage.......................

Telephone and telegraph........

Miscellaneous..................

Incidental Expenses.

$18,570 45

$329 59

170    00

171    09 27 98 21 00 47 52

1,254 32

2,021 50

Total.

$20,591 95

Extension Stone Arch Over Canastota Creek.

(Chapter 715, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Geo. D. Williams.. Kieffer Lindsey.. .

Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer. . .

$6 00 per day 5 00 per day

$12 00

255 00

$1 68    $13 68

7 91    262 91

Stationery and printing.

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$276 59

10 14

Total

$286 73

Willis Avenue Bridge, Syracuse.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr.....

Geo. D. Williams.. Fred’k S. Strong.. I.. D. Brownell... . C. H. Mattison L. Kavanagh.....

Resident engineer.. Assistant engineer. Assistant engineer.

Leveler...........

Chainman.........

Chainman.........

$2,400 per year 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day

$68 09

6 00

$2 10

$70 19

550 00

9 00

9 00

6 00

12 75

6 00

562 75

30

9 00

9 30

6 00

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

$663 24

$0 37 61 17

61 54

NAME.

Geo. D. Williams,.

L. D. Norton.....

Howard U. Lyon.. Bernace B. Weber. A. G. Bohannan...

Raising Minetto Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 594, Laws of 1902.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Assistant engineer. . .

Financial clerk......

Estimate clerk.

Rodman.......

Laborer.......

$6 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 3 50 per day 2 00 per day

$84 00 10 00 28 00 35 00 76 00

$8 92

1 50

7 00

$92 92 11 50 28 00 35 00 83 00

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$250 42

$4 00

08

s',

90

5 83

Total

$256 25

Raising High Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 594, Laws of 1902.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

E. C. Clark.......

Bernace B. Weber

Assistant engineer... . Rodman............

$5 00 per day 3 50 per day

$65 00 7 00

$23 63

$88 63 7 00

Telephone and. telegraph

Incidental Expenses.

$95 63

$0 25

25

Total

$95 88

Raising Braddock’s Dam, Oswego River.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903; Chapter 600, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services, j

Travel.

Total.

Chas. O. McComb. Howard U. Lyon . Geo. D. Williams.. Bernace B. Weber. C. H. Mattison ...

H. C. Greene.....

A. G. Bohannan..

Division engineer. . . .    S3,600 per year

Estimate clerk.......    4    00 per    day

Assistant engineer ...    6    00 per    day

Rodman............ 3    50 per    day

Chainman........... 3    00 per    day

Chain man........... 2    50 per    day

Laborer............. 2    00 per    day

oooooj

/.

J-

SI 50

5 90

PI 50 44 00 60 00

66    50 54 00

2 50

67    90

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

S296 40

$0 63

55

10

1 28

NAME.

Cold Spring Bridge.

(Chapter 581, Laws of 1903; Chapter 172, Laws of 1905.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr... .

C. E. Raynor.....

IX C. Wedgeworth

L. Kavanagh.....

C. H. Mattison... .

Roy F. Hall......

F. H. Mongin.....

Resident engineer... . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer. . .

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

$2 ,400 per year 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day 2 50 per day 2 00 per day

$75 00 270 00 21 00 12 00 7 50 22 00

$0 60 5 60 24 15

80

$0,60 80 60 294115 211 00 L 12 80 7*50 22100

Stationery and printing

Livery................

Postage...............

Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

$438 65

$3 75 2 50

10

10 30

16 65

Total

$455 30

Willow Street Bridge, Syracuse.

(Chapter 600, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr.....

Fred’k S. Strong.. Edward M. Ellis..

W. J. Wilds......

F. H. Mongin.....

Resident engineer... . Assistant engineer.. .

Draftsman..........

Laborer............

Laborer.............

$2,400 per year 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$24 00 435 00 4 00 6 00 36 00

$2 60

$24 00 437 60 4 00 6 00 36 00

Stationery and printing Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

$507 60

$5 15 1 75

6 90

Total

$514 50

Improvements at Guard-Lock, Geneva.

(Chapter 616, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

D. E. Whitford... Wm. W. Cronin . . Roy F. Hall......

Assistant engineer. . .

Rodman............

Chainman............

$5 00 per day 3 50 per day 2 50 per day

$45 00 91 00 12 50

$17 27 1 24 13 57

$62 27 92 24 26 07

Stationery and printing.

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$180 58

$0 25

30

1 75

2 90

Carthage Bridge, Rebuilding Pier.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred’k S. Strong..

Assistant engineer.. .

$5 00 per day

$70 00

$70 00

Postage......

Miscellaneous

Incidental Expenses.

$70 00

$0 42

50

92

Total

$70 92

Dredging Inlet and Repairing Pier, Cayuga Lake.

(Chapter 413, Laws of 1902; Chapter 632, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

D. E. Whitford... Roy F. Hall......

Assistant engineer.. . Chainman...........

$5 00 per day 2 50 per day

$20 00 15 00

$13 88

$20 00 28 88

Postage......

Miscellaneous

Incidental Expenses.

$48 88

$0 87

25

1 12

Total

$50 00

Improving Harbor, Canandaigua Lake.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

D. E. Whitford...

Assistant engineer. . .

$5 00 per day

$5 00

$0 71

$5 71

Stationery and printing

Incidental Expenses.

$5 71

$10 94

10 94

Total

$16 65

NAME.

Fred W. Sarr

Brasher Falls Dam, St. Regis River.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904; Chapter 700, Laws of 1905.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Resident engineer. . .

82 ,400 per year

83 05

$3 05

Stationery and printing Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

810 94 11 48

83 05

22 42

Total

825 47

Harbor, Scriba Creek, Constantia.

(Chapter 651, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr.....

Geo. D. Williams. D. E. Whitford... Kieffer Lindsey... Bernace B. Weber. C. H. Mattison. . . F. H. Mongin. . . . Ernest W. Dalton.

Resident engineer... Assistant engineer.. Assistant engineer.. Assistant engineer. .

Rodman...........

Chainman..........

Laborer............

Laborer............

82,400 per year 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

836 00

5 00

70 00 14 00 3 00 2 00 6 00

84 75 19 23 1 29 25 61

84 75 55 23 6 29 95 61 14 00 3 00 2 00 6 00

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous........

Incidental Expenses.

8186 88

80 13

60

12 39

13 12

Total

8200 00

Road, Binghamton State Hospital.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

R. J. Marcher. .. . Assistant engineer.. .

86 00 per day 842 00

84 10

846 10

Miscellaneous

Incidental Expenses.

846 10

80 87

87

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

Chas. 0. McComb. Division engineer... . Fred W. Sarr.....Resident engineer.. .

L.    D. Norton.....Financial clerk......

Howard U. Lyon. Estimate clerk.......

John M. Turner.. . Stenographer........

Paul Me Loud.....Assistant engineer. . .

M.    B. Palmer. . . . Assistant engineer. .

Geo. D. Williams. Assistant engineer. . . R. J. Marcher. . . . Assistant engineer. . . Daniel F. Fulton. . Assistant engineer. . . Kieffer Lindsey.. . Assistant engineer. . . E. C. Clark.......Assistant engineer. . .

C.    E. Raynor. . . . Assistant engineer. . .

W. W. Stone.....Assistant engineer. . .

Guy H. Miller... . [Assistant engineer.. .

Guy L. Noble.....[Assistant engineer.. .

Wm. P. Creager. . Assistant engineer. . .

R. J. Murray.....Assistant engineer. . .

W aldo G. W ildes. Assistant engineer. . .

D.    C. W edgeworth Assistant engineer. . . Fred’k S. Strong. . Assistant engineer. . .

D.    E. Whitford... Assistant engineer. . .

Herbert Spencer.. Leveler.............

Nathan E. Young. Leveler.............

L. D. Brownell. . . Leveler.............

Thos. E. FinucaneiLeveler....

Arthur T. O'Leary Leveler....

Harvey F. Hawley Draftsman Edward M. Ellis. . Draftsman

Fred’k E. Arthur. Tracer.....

Bernace B. W eber. Rodman. .,

Arthur G. Crysler. j Rodman..,

G.    W. Ellis.......Rodman..

Wm. II. Porter.. . I Rodman..

L. Kavanagh.....Chainman.

R. J. Lyon.......Chainman.

C. H. Mattison. . . Chainman.

H.    C. Yerkes.....Chainman.

Roy F. Hall......Chainman.

Frank Lutz......Chainman.

II. C. Greene.....Chainman.

Wm. S. Morris... . Laborer.. .

Elroy S. Reeder. . Laborer.. .

J. S. Greenough. . Laborer...

E.    W. Parsons.. . . Laborer. ..

Brayton G. Priest. Laborer...

Chas. H. Roberts. Laborer...

James Wood.....Laborer...

John D. Bloxham. Laborer...

J. A. Haskell.....Laborer...

Wm. Ten Eyck.. . Laborer...

Walter B. Jewett. Laborer. ..

Geo. J. Goehl. . . . Laborer...

C. E. Duclon.....Laborer...

T. E. Kemter. . . . Laborer...

H. G. Farmer..... Laborer...

Ernest W. Dalton Laborer...

Keep Kenyon.... Laborer...

Anthony Schmidt. Laborer...

Harry C. Smith.. . Laborer...

F.    H. Mongin.....Laborer...

W. J. W ilds......Laborer...

E. A. Kenyon.. . . Laborer...

Cl bo to

tOtOt3tOtOtOls3ts2bOtOtOtsSl>2lsStOtOtOlsStObOtOU>lOtOtCltOCOCOWCOMWCOOtf>.CJi^^^4^4^0xCnOiOTtnOiO>CnOTilnCnOiOia5®CSO;0

ggggggggggggggggggggggoSoogggoooof ggooooogggggggggggggggggf gg = ⁵

sllSssassslsiigsissisla^i^isIslilil^siiSgslillisliilgllisisils^

ggggggggggggg§ § goooooooooooooooggggggSgggg§§§gggggggggg§§gggggg

*303 21    *1,180    71

429 13    1,582    97

260 06 187 58 100 00 82 75    1,162    75

70    1,671 70

420 10 664 25 347 91 762 66 631 87 124 53 120 00 63 75 711 00 487 52 513 54 513 00 1,575 00 1,220 00 594 36 892 50 283 50 346 50 35 09 787 22 258 42 459 50

10 06 23 58

101

5    10 9 25 7 91

32 66

6    87

19 53

9 75

1 52

14 04

7 96 4 22 24 42

18 20

10 83 3 80

7 00

603 26 17 50 75 00 208 00 150 00 162 00 60 00 136 83 123 80 90 00 354 00 460 00 148 00 194 00 302 00 210 00 210 00 178 00 576 00 96 00 112 00 148 00 380 00 464 00 96 00

Stationery and printing..

Livery.................

Fuel and light..........

Postage................

Office rent..............

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

*33,730 56

*33 39 1,668 30 40 28! 56 89: 67 501 104 67

878

64,

2,849 67

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898; Chapter 293, Laws of 1900.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr.....

W. W. Stone.....

Waldo G. Wildes.. Fred’k S. Strong. . C. H. Mattison....

Resident engineer... Assistant entfii.eer. . . Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer. . . Chainman. .........

$2,400 per year 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 ner day 3 00 per day

$32 00 20 00 10 00 35 00 12 00

$11 91 8 45 2 75 6 70 13 56

$43 91 28 45 12 75 41 70 25 56

Livery.

Incidental Expenses.

$152 37

$11 15

11 15

Total.

$163 52

Improvement of Public Highivays.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898 ; Chapter 53, Laws of 1902.)

NAME OF ROAD.

No.

Town.

County.

Total.

Deerfield

Deerfield

Oneida

$3,247 02

State Court of Claims.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Fred W. Sarr.....

M. P. Palmer.....

Wm. P. Creager.. .

C. E. Ravnor.....

H. W. Dennis. . . . Herbert Spencer.. E. W. Parsons... . it. J. Burton... . Chas. H. Brown...

John Gregg.......

E. Fellows.......

Resident engineer... . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer.. .

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Laborer.............

Laborer....    . .

Laborer.............

Laborer............

Laborer.............

$2,400 per year 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$119 00 18 00 15 00 15 00 335 00 180 00 134 00 9 00 12 00 9 00 8 00

$0 75 2 20 2 22 147 39 20 50

$119 00 18 75 17 20 17 22 482 39 200 50 134 00 9 00 12 00 9 00 8 00

Stationery and printing..

Livery.................

Postage................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous..........

Incidental Expenses.

$1,027 06

$0 55 155 25

O'.

1 55 152 53

309 97

NAME.

Emil Kuichling. .. Chas. O. McComb.

Guy Moulton.....

L. D. Norton.....

D.    E. Whitford...

E.    C. Clark.......

H. W. Dennis. ... L. D. Brownell.. . Herbert Spencer.. Fred’k E. Arthur.. Bernace B. Weber C. H. Mattison... .

F.    H. Mongin.....

J. A. Haskell.....

E. W. Parsons... .

W. J. Wilds......

Ernest W. Dalton.

State Court of Claims.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Consulting engineer. .

Division engineer.....

Resident engineer... .

Financial clerk......

Assistant engineer... Assistant engineer... .

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Tracer..............

Rodman.... .......

Chainman...........

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.............

Laborer.......'......

Laborer............

•135 00 per day 3,600 per year 2 ,400 per year

5    00 per day

6    00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 50 per day

50 00 per month 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$1,435 00 60 00 66 67 30 00 750 00 70 00 786 15 891 00 121 50

$211 77 15 09 2 75

10    58

11    60 205 68

71 20

5 64

52 50 27 00 64 00 30 00 418 00 20 00 2 00

$1,646 77 75 09 69 42 30 00 760 58 81 60 991 83 962 20 121 50 5 64 52 50 27 00 64 00 30 00 418 00 20 00 2 00

Stationery and printing.

Livery.................

Telephone and telegraph Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$5,358 13

$0 40 133 00 1 50 66 20

201 10

Total

$5,559 23

Survey, Seneca River to Cayuga Lake.

(Chapter 700, Laws of 1905.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

C. H. MacCulloch. Thos. R.Tetley, Jr.

C. R. DeGraff.....

Harry E. Poole.. . Patrick Doyle.... Geo. C. Hannon...

Frank Miller......

E. W. Parsons....

Leveler.. Rodman Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer. Laborer.

$5 00 per day 3 50 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$120 00, 17 50 54 00 54 00 36 00 26 00 24 00 22 00

$152 72

$272 72 17 50 54 00 54 00 36 00 26 00 24 00 22 00

Livery........

Miscellaneous

Incidental Expenses.

$506 22

$86 00

24 12

110 12

Total

$616 34

The foregoing tables are summarized as follows:

Ordinary Repairs to Canals.

1.    Erie canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904................................

2.    Oswego canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.............................

3.    Cayuga and Seneca canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904................

4.    Black River canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.........................

Construction of Barge Canal.

5.    Construction of Barge canal, Erie canal, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.......

6.    Construction of Barge canal, Oswego canal, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903....

Special Work.

$5,862 55 1,214 49 1,499 11 423 85

59,621 75 20,591 95

7.    Extension of stone arch over Canastota creek, Chapter 715, Laws of 1904. .

8.    Willis avenue bridge, Syracuse, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904..............

9.    Raising Minetto dam, Oswego river, Chapter 594, Laws of 1902..........

10.    Raising High dam, Oswego river, Chapter 594, Law's of 1902.............

11.    Raising Braddock’s dam, Oswego river, Chapters 599 and 600, Laws of 1903.

12.    Cold Spring bridge, Chapter 581, Law's of 1903; Chapter 172, Laws of 1905

13.    Willow street bridge, Syracuse, Chapter 600, Laws of 1903..............

14.    Improvements at guard-lock, Geneva, Chapter 616, Laws of 1902; Chapter

632, Laws of 1904................................................

15.    Carthage bridge, rebuilding pier, Chapter 599, Laws of 1903............

16.    Dredging inlet and repairing pier, Cayuga lake, Chapter 413, Law's of 1902;

Chapter 632, Laws of 1904................................

17.    Improving harbor, Canandaigua lake, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904

18.    Brasher Falls dam, St. Regis river, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904;

700, Laws of 1905...............■.........................

19.    Harbor, Scriba creek, Constantia, Chapter 651, Laws of 1904. . . .

20.    Road, Binghamton State Hospital, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904. .

21.    Improvement of public highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898...........

22.    Improvement of public highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898; Chapter 293,

Laws of 1900....................................................

ways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898; Chapter 53,

Chapter

23. I

aw? of 1902

286 73 724 78 256 25 95 88 297 68 455 30 514 50

183 48 70 92

50 00 16 65

25 47 200 00 46 97 36,580 23

163 52

3,247 02

Special Surveys.

24.    State Court of Claims, Chapter 599, Laws of 1903..............

25.    State Court of Claims, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904. ...........

26.    Survey, Seneca river to Cayuga lake, Chapter 700, Laws of 1905

Total...............................................

1,337 03 5,559 23 616 34

$139,941 68

Payments to September 30, 1905.

$3,744 00

15,426 00 1,746 00

Payments to September 30, 1905.

Table of Contracts Pending on the Middle Division, September 30, 1905.

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

Appropria

tion.

Act.

Character of work.

Chap. Year.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

$4,277 75

$4,677 00

$8,692 32

18,431 50 3,598 50

17,255 00 3,506 00

20,000 00

4,361 46

645 1901 594    1902

632    1904

(581    1903

I 172    1905

594    1902

729    1904

13,259 20

12,940 00

fl9 ,000 00

f One-half appropriated by city of Syracuse.

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

$726,815 00 381,987 50

$812,560 00 421,252 50

600    1903

172    1905

Raising and completing High dam,

Oswego river..................

Cold Spring bridge, Seneca river,

(Oswego canal)................

Continuing improvement of harbor, Canandaigua lake..........

*Superstructure of Willow street bridge, Oswego canal, Syracuse. . .

June 3, 1902

Jan. 11, 1905 Sept. 13, 1904

May 3, 1905

Walter Bradley & Co....

The King Bridge Co.....

Wm. H. Welch..........

Rochester Bridge & Construction Co..........

* Substructure constructed by Superintendent of Public Works.

Construction of Barge Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

Contract No. 4, Erie canal Contract No. 5, Erie canal

April 18, 1905 April 18, 1905

Empire Engineering Corporation ...............

Empire _ Engineering Corporation ...............

go

Payments to September 30, 1905.

$10,387 80    o

8,908 66    %

19,663 02

OS

22,213 62 6,333 03 24,498 05 20,664 92

Contract

price.

$19,900 00 9,998 50

23,490 00 4,749 00 8,249 00 22,999 00 12,794 00 33,605 00 41,348 00

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

$22,500 00 13,250 00

27,300 00 5,000 00 9,350 00 25,900 00 16,450 00 37,700 00 50,000 00

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Character of work.

Endicott road, No. 174, Broome county.....................

Chenango tow-path road. No. 175, Broome county...........

Redwood-Alexandria Bay road (section 1), No. 182, Jefferson

county ...............................................

Center Village road, No. 211, Broome county................

Ouaquaga road, No. 212, Broome county...................

River foad, Windsor (section 2), No. 213, Broome county.....

River road, Windsor (section 1), No. 214, Broome county.....

Greene-Smithville Flats road, No. 218, Chenango county......

Guilford road, No. 225, Chenango county...................

Date of contract.

Tt    Tf Tt Tf

ooo oooooo

GOG GGGGGG

*"■: *”5 *-?    *—s *—s *—s ►—s ►—r. *—s

CONTRACTOR.

County of Broome. County of Broome Elisha W. Yisger..

County of Broome County of Broome County of Broome County of Broome Casey and Murray Douglas V. Ashley

328

7.

Table of Contracts Completed on the Middle Division During the Fiscal Year Ending September

30, 1905.

Final

payment.

Contract

price.

Appropria

tion.

Act.

Chap. Year.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

$4,700 80

$4,530 00

$9,400 00

6,645 37 Jv

5,321 71    ^

4,207 49    o

1,304 20    ^

1,129 98    jg

3,002 62    K

2,126 00 7,799 00 10,600 78

6,722 50

11,500 00

5,300 00

6,000 00

00 868‘f

<M

01 881 I

2,998 20

ooo

OON

HNO

NhO

12,785 86

1,700 00 1,300 00

4,000 00

2,500 00 8,000 00 12,000 00

June 3,1902 j Raising and completing Minetto dam, Oswego; 594    1902 t

632    1904

594    1902

599    1903

,    , 600 1903 )

June 27, 1903 Repairing State pier at the mouth of inlet to i I 413    1902

1 632 1904 ( 680 1900

July 13, 1903 Raising and completing Battle island or Brad-dock’s dam, Oswego river...................

Cayuga lake

616    1902

632    1904

Improvements at guard-lock, Geneva

Sept. 21,1903

Nov. 17, 1903    Rebuilding pier, Carthage bridge, Black river....    599    1903

Nov. 17, 1903    Retaining wall, Carthage bridge, Black river.....    599    1903

Sept. 12, 1904    Completing stone arch over Canastota creek at    j 600    1903    I

~    1 715 1904 f

651    1904

729 1904 729    1904

Canastota.................................

Oct. 4, 1904 Dredging mouth of Scriba creek at Constantia.. .

Aug. 16, 1904 State Hospital road, Binghamton..............

Nov. 4, 1904 Willis avenue bridge, Erie canal...............

Walter Bradley & Co.

Walter Bradley & Co.

Frank Pidgeon.

C. T. Hookway.....

C. T. Hookway.....

C. T. Hookway.....

J. W. McPherson....

Jas. K. Davis & Son, County of Broome. . Riverside Bridge Co.

Final

payment.

0^00^01000 »OCO»OOOOOHO‘0 OCOOOOOOCOW^ (NCOiOiOONNOCO

ONOO>00^050 OSrHCOiOCO^CO^Q 0 0500NOC:^03 O(NCirHC0rHl0ClCD O »-t 00 CO 05 <D lO O H CO CD CO O CO (X) X CO

COONOONOODD^ iCOOXCOCOOCO^

r-H pH    tH rH    ^ r—1 t-H    rH r—1 CO

t.

Contract

price.

OOOOOOOOO 00000X000 OOOOOOOOO T^OOOOt^OOO

000000*0 00 QCOOOO^NOJH OOOOiOOCONiO NXOOOHHCOOJ OlOXCOXONCJO COOOOCOXrtiOH

COXNXiOXNNCO HXXNCDDO^^

y—I    rH rH    rH H    H H CO

Improvement of Public Highways. (Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Character of Work.

Date of contract.

17,    1902 Fabius-Apulia road (section 1), No. 49, Onondaga county.

18,    1902 Marcellus-Marietta road, No. 74, Onondaga county.......

17,    1902 Fabius-Apulia road (section 2), No. 75, Onondaga county.

18,    1902 East Lake road (section 1), No. 122, Onondaga county...

28,    1903 Town line extension road, No. 126, Broome county.....

30, 1903 Genesee turnpike road, No. 132, Onondaga county.......

29,    1903 Fenton road, No. 134, Broome county...........................

24, 1903 Hamilton Bridge road, No. 139, Oneida county........ .. .........

7, 1903|Burr’s Mills road, No. 147, Jefferson county......................

16, 1904 Watertown-Sacketts Harbor-Henderson road (section 1), No. 181,

Jefferson county............................................

Adams-Henderson road (section 1), No. 183, Jefferson county......

Pierrepont Manor—Ellisburg road, No. 184, Jefferson county........

State road (section 1), No. 185, Jefferson county..................

Depot road, No. 186, Jefferson county............................

Nineveh road, No. 209, Broome county..........................

Harpursville road. No. 210, Broome county......................

Dryden road, No. 215, Cortland county..........................

Oxford-McDonough road, No. 224, Chenango county..............

18,    1904 16, 1904

15,    1904

19,    1904

16,    1904 16, 1904 13, 1904

9, 1904

May

June

May

June

July

July

July

June

Aug.

June

June

June

June

Oct.

June

June

June

July

CONTRACTOR.

John Dunfee & Co............

Supervisors, Onondaga county.

John Dunfee & Co............

Supervisors, Onondaga county

Joseph Walker...............

James E. Martin..............

Supervisors, Broome county...

F. A. Little..................

Wm. A. Burnham............

Casey and Murray............

Chambers and Grady.........

Casey and Murray............

Ellery Colby & Co............

Casey and Murray............

County of t/oome............

County of Broome............

Frank Pidgeon...............

Chas. H. Quereau.............

-I

Remarks.

•■S a sd J -js ■f? §    -§

!.| 5    |    g

^ -1 .ifiii

llll!!!!.!

Water Records of Cayuga and Cross Lakes and Seneca River.

(See State Engineer’s Report for 1904 for previous records.)

1905.

August 9 and 10. W ATER.

1905.

March 9 and 10. Water.

1904.

December 9 and 10. Water.

LOCATION.

Depth.

Surface.

Depth.

Surface.

Depth.

Surface.

SS'SS'S.Sg.SS

flaaaaaaftp,

QQQQQQQQQ

©WWOOiOOOOO

rH^HlOOlOCOCOl^t^ HH    1-H

—    7.558

—    7.834 —11 .400 —11 .701 —11.796 —12.099 —12.236 —14.346 —15.607

<oioeoio»o*ocoioo

—    9.508

—    9.734 —11.420 —11.651 —11.774 —12.149 —12.426

,—15.136

—16.532

THrHOOGOC5lOCDOX

OOt^iOt}<(MCOCOCX)

T-( T-l    fH

—    9.028

—    9.144 —12.489 —12.671 —12.749 —13.029 —13.706 —16.106 —17.759

Cayuga lake....................

Mud lock....._.................

Canandaigua river, south of canal

Seneca river aqueduct...........

Canandaigua river, north of canal

West Shore railroad crossing......

N. Y C. & H. R. R. crossing.....

Mosquito Point.................

Cross lake......................

REPORT

OF THE

DIVISION ENGINEER

OF THE

WESTERN DIVISION

For the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

\

> i

—    :    :! : V' -V H

-• ; ■

r

Western Division.

State of New York,

Department of State Engineer and Surveyor, Western Division.

Rochester, N. Y., October 1, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Dear Sir.—I have the honor of submitting the annual report of the Western Division for the year ending September 30, 1905.

CANALS AND SPECIAL APPROPRIATIONS.

The. extent of the canals upon this Division remains the same as when last reported.

No break of so serious a nature as to delay navigation has occurred during the year.

Engineering assistance has been furnished the Department of Public Works when and where required.

Investigations and reports have been made upon such legislative bills as have been referred to me.

Surveys have been made and data collected for use of the Attorney-General in defense of such suits before the Court of Claims as was required.

Constructing a Bridge Across Great Sodus Bay at Resort,

Wayne Co., N. Y.

(Chapter 580, Laws of 1903; Chapter 669, Laws of 1904.)

Plans approved by State Engineer and Surveyor, November 24, 1903.

Contract dated, July 12, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 1, 1904

Work begun, August 1, 1904.

Work completed, August 3, 1905.

Appropriation, $9,000.

Engineer’s estimate of cost, $7,829.50.

Contract price, $7,974.

Final estimate, $7,890.05.

Contractor, Eastern Concrete Steel Co.

Chainman'in charge, F. V. Searls.

The old structure at this site consisted of a pile and timber bridge erected some thirty years ago, which had become dilapidated and dangerous. The entire length was 773 feet, but the necessary waterway not over 100 feet.

Soundings, with iron bars, preliminary to the preparation of plans, indicated a hard clay bottom underlying about 12 feet of muck, and plans were made to reconstruct upon a more durable basis, consisting of earth embankment and concrete steel spans for the waterways ; however, when construction was started it was found that the clay, sounded to, consisted of a stratum only two to three feet in depth, overlying soft material for a depth of upwards of 70 feet, presenting a foundation insufficient to either support the earth fills or the piles for the concrete superstructure proposed. The plans were, therefore, modified and the reconstruction carried on upon the lines of the original structure, but upon a more substantial basis.

Constructing a Pile and Timber Revetment for Repair of Slope Wall at Corning, N. Y.

(Chapter 600, Laws of 1903.)

Plans approved by Deputy State Engineer, January 15, 1904.

Contract dated, April 5, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 1, 1904. .

Work begun, August 1, 1904.

Work completed, December 5, 1904.

Appropriation, $15,000.

Contract price, $9,116.

Final estimate, $9,914.02.

Contractor, A. F. Chapman & Co.

Assistant Engineer in charge, Frank T. Marsh.

This work contemplated the repair of a slope wall protecting the dike along the southerly bank of the Chemung river, between Pine and Steuben streets, in the city of Corning. The original dike was constructed many years ago, under the Canal Commissioners, and consisted of a paved slope wall supported upon piles, capped with 12 x 12-inch timbers.

The removal of the State dam at Corning, about 1896, lowered the low-water stage of the river, with the resultant decay of the old timber substructure and the consequent settling of the stone paving. The work done under this contract consisted of the placing of a pile and timber foundation where necessary, below low-water stage, and the repair of the slope wall, which had assumed the condition of riprap, with additional heavy stone riprap from local quarries.

SURVEYS FOR OTHER DEPARTMENTS.

Engineering assistance was provided in the construction of a reservoir spillway at the Elmira Reformatory. A survey of the site of the proposed State Industrial farm, in the town of Rush, Monroe Co., was made.

Plans were prepared for a drainage system at the Caledonia hatchery of the Forest, Fish and Game Commission.

IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC HIGHWAYS.

(Under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Last winter was noticeable for the unprecedented amount of snow in this section. The fall, however, was dry and the roads froze in good condition, with the result that the highways came out this spring with no more than the average amount of damage due to the frosts and floods. The improved roads southerly from Elmira, which were damaged by the floods from Seelye creek, and the Scotts-ville road, southerly of Rochester, which was damaged by the flood waters from the Genesee river (which it parallels), being exceptions.

Erie and Monroe counties, of this Division, have County Engineers, whose duty it is to care for the maintenance of the highways. In the othet counties, having roads improved under Chapter 115, Laws of 1898, I have been in touch with the various Highway Commissioners and the roads have been fairly well maintained.

The roads in Erie county are maintained under a contract running for five years.

The cost of maintaining the roads continues to be excessive, in my opinion largely due to the lack of constant attention to the little wants when they occur, which are left to enlarge until considerable repairs are necessary. Could the “stitch in time” be applied, several roads which have required extensive repairs could have been maintained at small cost.

The use of wide tires is growing yearly and as the vehicles wear out, new ones with wide tires are bought. This should result in the practical elimination of narrow tires on wagons within a few years. The manufacturers are lending material aid in this evolution by pushing the sale of the wagons so supplied.

The large number of motor vehicles now in use on the highways has created a present demand for wider roads. This, in my judgment, will gradually disappear as the animals and their drivers’ become accustomed to the motors, and as adequate means are developed for regulating the speed of the few reckless chauffeurs who now drive their cars at speeds endangering all who use the highways.

Presumably owing to the failure of the Legislature to make an appropriation for new work, and with nothing in sight for their plants to do, the contractors having road work have allowed the construction to drag during the current season in spite of our strenuous efforts to push the wTork. However, present indications are that all work under contract will be completed during the current season.

Progress has been made upon plans and surveys, as set forth in detail in table appended.

Detail of road construction work under contract the past year follows:

Aurora-Buffalo Road, No. 128, Erie County, N. Y.

Length, 5.573 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, December 17, 1901.

Contract dated, July 6, 1903.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1903.

Work begun, September 18, 1903.

Work completed, November 11, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $56,000.

Contract price, $50,100.

Final estimate, $50,626.05.

Contractors, Mosier and Summers.

Engineer in charge, T. W. Barrally.

This improvement extends from its junction at Orchard Park road, along the old plank road, easterly to the east line of the town of West Seneca.

Construction was completed late in the fall of 1904. A permit was granted the Buffalo, Gardenville and Ebenezer railway to construct a trolley line along this road, under the supervision of a rep- -resentative of this office. Yammerthal limestone, from the quarries of the Barber Asphalt Paving Co., of Buffalo, N. Y., was used throughout in this road, excepting the easterly mile, which was constructed of local boulders, the granite having been sorted out and used for the top course.

Main Street Road (Section 3), No. 130, Erie County, N. Y.

Length, 5.625 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, December 17, 1901.

Contract dated, July 10, 1903.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1903.

Work begun, August 17, 1903.

Work completed, November 19, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $36,000.

Contract price, $30,990.

Final estimate, $36,105.10.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Erie county.

Engineers in charge, T. W. Barrally and Harry D. Waldo.

This improvement extends from the Transit road to the West Shore railroad crossing, in the village of Clarence, and is constructed of local limestone throughout. The original plans for this road contemplated a width of macadam of 14 feet. Before construction was started, at the request of the Board of Supervisors, a supplemental agreement was entered into for the widening of the macadam, so that the road was actually constructed with a width of macadam of 16 feet, at an increased cost of $3,848.60 over the original contract price.

The contractor finished the portion of his road, covered by the original contract, promptly, but there was a delay in the final estimate, owing to the erection of a large amount of railing not provided for in the original contract, but demanded by the abutting owners with the idea that it would render the road less dangerous in case of a vehicle meeting an automobile. This has proven a fallacy as the animals showed greater fear when hemmed in by a fence, and the driver has had less opportunity to escape accidents than when he could have driven off the road into the adjoining fields, although over a sharp pitch. At the present time there is a desire on the part of those who were most insistent upon the construction of this fence to have it removed.

Commendable energy and zeal was displayed by the contractor in the construction of this road.

Main Street Road (Section 4), No. 131, Erie County, N. Y.

Length, 6.581 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, December 17, 1901. Contract dated, July 6, 1903.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1903.

Work begun, July 6, 1904.

Work completed, August 12, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $41,900.

Contract price, $35,690.

Final estimate, $45,974.03.

Contractor, Board of Supervisors of Erie county.

Engineers in charge, T. W. Barrally and Harry D. Waldo.

This improvement extends from the West Shore railway crossing, in the village of Clarence, easterly to the easterly line of Erie county, and completes the construction of an improved highway from the easterly line of Buffalo across Erie county. Local limestone was used throughout in its construction.

The original contract for this road contemplated a width of macadam of 12 feet, but before the construction was started, at the request of the Board of Supervisors of Erie county, a supplemental agreement was entered into, providing for the construction of a road with a width of 16 feet of macadam, at an increased cost of $9,482.75 in excess of the original contract price.

The construction of this section was begun in the summer of 1904, satisfactory progress being made during that year. With proper management this road should have been completed and ready for use early the past summer. A small force was employed and very poor management displayed during the current year, resulting in the late completion of this road.

'A supplemental agreement was made with the contractor to lower the grade in the rock cut at Clarence, a distinct benefit to the road, at the same time enabling the contractor to procure stone for its construction.

Little Ridge Road (Section 2), No. 165, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 2.062 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 12, 1902.

Contract dated, June 14, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, June 28, 1904.

Work completed, October 15, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $16,000.

Contract price, $13,437.

Final estimate, $13,537.48.

W.

0

Wa

' f,

IJm

u

h'

m

m

’

_ ,£2f*r

.

;;

p

g-3jjr|.

■Bpl

^v-a»v

m

N>. ..    \ -t ‘

3

mlj v

|lni

*»

«Ff *5    ,

t#::T ¹

Wf

tel

W/Fj

ps

mP.*i

•fv-

ivSHESiis^^v > ■

/.r

h'JL

m

T*7i

SilP5

yfi''

■->4

&

Monroe County, N. Y.; Penfield Road, Section 1, No. 166.

Built by State Engineer in 1905. One and one-half miles west of Penfield. looking east. Base of limestone, with sand filler j top of limestone, bound with screenings of same.

m

jm

Wl

Contractors, Anderson and Britton.

Engineer in charge, J. B. Barrett.

This improvement extends from the westerly end of the Ridge road, Section 1, No. 6, westerly to the Hilton road, in the town of Parma, and is constructed of local field stone throughout, the granite boulders being sorted and used for the top course. This construction was completed in the fall of 1904, the contractors having displayed commendable zeal and energy in its construction.

Penfield Road (Section 1), No. 166, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 3.635 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 and 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, August 8, 1904.

Work completed, September 16, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $29,500.

Contract price, $27,500.

Final estimate, $27,902.

Contractor, Henry P. Burgard.

Engineer in charge, I. O. Cole.

This road extends from East Avenue road, No. 5, easterly to the four corners at Penfield. This road crosses the valley of Ironde-quoit creek. The westerly approach was particularly bad, having difficult grades, the soil being of a sandy nature, and an almost impassable road in all seasons of the year. The macadam consists of local limestone throughout.

The construction of this road dragged through the entire season, for, seemingly, no reason other than poor management.

Penfield Road (Section 2), No. 167, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 5.313 miles.

Width of macadam, 12, 14 and 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, August 1, 1904.

Work completed, October 1, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work (revised), $31,700.

Contract price, $30,500.

Final estimate, $30,686.45.

Contractor, Henry P. Burgard.

Engineer in charge, I. 0. Cole.

This road extends from the four corners at Penfield, easterly to the west line of Wayne county and completes an improved road from Rochester to the east line of Monroe county.

Local boulders crushed along the site were used in the construction of this road. Granite was used for the top and largely throughout the bottom, a small amount of sandstone being mixed in with the bottom course.

The same comment in regard to the progress of the work applies to this road as made on Road No. 166.

Dugway Road (Section 1), No. 168, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 3.3 miles.

Width of macadam, 14, 15 and 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, July 12, 1904.

Work completed, November 19, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $34,500.

Contract price, $31,400.

Final estimate, $31,806.09.

Contractors, Mosier and Summers.

Engineer in charge, E. Y. R. Payne.

This road extends from the east line of the city of Rochester across Irondequoit valley to what is known as the “ Oak Tavern.” Most of the road is across the sandy dunes of the Irondequoit valley, was difficult of construction and had heavy excavation and embankment. The grades have been reduced to a maximum of 7 per cent, resulting in an excellent road, where previously it was impossible to haul heavy loads.

Local limestone from the Palmer quarry was used on the portion of the road in the town of Brighton and limestone boulders for the portion in the town of Penfield.

This road was constructed in an expeditious manner and reflects credit upon the contractor.

The only material to make the embankment consisted of a very light sand, upon which it is difficult to grow vegetation. Unless this road is cared for after storms for the next few years, it will deteriorate very rapidly.

Dugway Road (Section 2), No. 169, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 4.019 miles.

.Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 18, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, September 28, 1904.

Work completed, June 17, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $21,600.

Contract price, $18,272.

Final estimate, $18,381.28.

Contractors, Chambers and Grady.

Engineers in charge, E. V. R. Payne and I. O. Cole.

This road extends from the “Oak Tavern,” easterly about 4 miles to Section 3 of the same road. This work was started late in the season of 1904, upwards of a mile having been completed during that season. The work was resumed early in the spring of 1905 and was carried to a speedy and satisfactory completion. Local limestone was used throughout.

Dugway Road (Section 3), No. 170, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 2.88 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 17, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, November 2, 1904.

Work completed, June 17, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $15,400.

Contract price, $13,400.

Final estimate, $13,775.62.

Contractors, Mosier and Summers.

Engineers in charge, E. V. R. Payne and Jas. E. Kelley.

This road extends from the easterly end of Section 2 to the east line of Monroe county and makes a continuous improvement from Rochester to the east line of Monroe county.

A very small amount of work was done on this road during the season of 1904. Work was resumed early in the spring and pushed to a prompt and satisfactory completion.

Limestone boulders wTere crushed along the site for the construction of this road.

Lake Road (Section 1), No. 171, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 2 miles.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 19, 1902.

Contract dated, June 27, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, June 27, 1904.

Work completed, October 15, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $14,400.

Contract price, $13,400.

Final estimate, $13,409.02.

Contractor, Henry C. Schroeder.

Engineer in charge, J. B. Barrett.

This road extends from the village of Brockport, southerly to Sweden Center and was completed upon the date called for in the contract. Local limestone, crushed in the vicinity of the road, was used throughout.

Portland Avenue Road (Section 1), No. 172, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 0.703 mile.

Width of macadam, 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 20, 1902.

Contract dated, October 15, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1905.

Work begun, August 3, 1905.

Work completed, September 30, 1905, 63 per cent.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $7,800.

Contract price, $6,080.

Contractor, Frederick A. Brotsch.

Engineer in charge, I. O. Cole.

This road extends from the city line of Rochester, northerly to the Ridge road. Before the commencement of construction on this road, application was made and a permit granted to the Rochester and Suburban Railway Co., which had previously operated a single-track on the westerly side of the road, to construct a double-track trolley line along the center of the road. They arranged with the contractor for the construction of a similar improvement to that made by the State, between their tracks and for 2 feet outside, the 16 feet of macadam contracted for by the State being placed 8 feet on either side of the work done for the Trolley Co,

This work is now under satisfactory construction a»d should be completed before the close of the current season.

Local limestone, largely from the Goodman street quarries, has been used in the construction of this road throughout.

Hudson Avenue Road (Section 2), No. 173, Monroe County, N. Y.

Length, 0.995 mile.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, May 20, 1902.

Contract dated, October 15, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1905.

Work begun, October 28, 1904.

% Work completed, August 5, 1905.

Engineers estimate of cost of work, $9,100.

Contract price, $7,700.

Final estimate, $8,703.40.

Contractor, Henry C. Schroeder.

Engineer in charge, Thos. J. Morrison.

This improvement extends from the Ridge road, at the northerly end of Hudson Avenue road, Section 1, No. 15, northerly to Titus avenue, in the town of Irondequoit.

Before the construction of this road the town board decided that they preferred to have tile-drains on either side of the road rather than ditches, owing to the fact that the highway is closely built up and is in a garden section. Plans for suitable tile-drains were prepared and built, the materials having been furnished by the town of Irondequoit. Leroy limestone was used throughout.

The contractor managed this work well, with the result that it was speedily completed and presents an exceptionally pleasing appearance.

Bristol Road, No. 187, Ontario County, N. Y.

Length, 1.72 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902. Contract dated, June 11, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1905.

Work begun, June 22, 1904.

Work completed, September 17, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $15,300.

Contract price, $14,000, original contract; $330, supplemental contract for fencing.

Final estimate, $14,135.58, original contract; $217.26, supplemental contract for fencing.

Contractor, Jas. Anderson.

Engineer in charge, E. P. Strowger.

This improvement extends from Canandaigua westerly and was constructed entirely of Leroy limestone. The work was essentially completed at the time of making the last report. Owing to an automobile accident after the road was completed, but before its acceptance, the town board desired additional fencing. A supplemental contract was entered into with the town board of Canandaigua for the construction of 110 rods of wooden fencing at $3.00 per rod.

Bristol Valley Road (Section 1), No. 188, Ontario County,

N. Y.

Length, 4.83 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902.

Contract dated, July 14, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, August 1, 1905.

Work completed, September 13, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $39,500.

Contract price, $35,443.

• i S.

Final estimate, $35,801.27.

Contractor, Henry P. Burgard.

Engineer in charge, John P. Kelley.

This road extends from Holcomb, southerly to Fisher’s Corners, and was constructed entirely of local stone crushed along the road, the granite being sorted out for the top course.

The contractor made good progress during the season of 1904, but was delayed considerably during the season of 1905 by the rainy weather and a clay subgrade.

East Side-Lake Road (Section 2), No. 189, Ontario County,

N. Y.

Length, 1.286 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902. Contract dated, June 10, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, July 5, 1904.

Work completed, May 5, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, SI 1,100.

Contract price, $9,900.

Final estimate, $9,893.98.

Contractors, Mott and Kemper.

Engineers in charge, Arthur S. Whitbeck and George G. Miller.

This road extends from the Geneva-Canandaigua road, Section 1, No. 190, to the southerly boundary of the town of Canandaigua and was built of Leroy limestone. This road was essentially completed during the season of 1904, but owing to the unsatisfactory nature of some of the work it was held over until the season of 1905.

East Side-Lake Road (Section 1), No. 190, Ontario County,

N. Y. .

Length, 2.368 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902.

Contract dated, June 10, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, September 18, 1904.

Work completed, October 15, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $18,700.

Contract price, $16,990.

Final estimate-, $16,889.24.

Contractors, Mott and Kemper.

Engineers in charge, Arthur S. Whitbeck and George G. Miller.

This road extends from the south line of the town of Canandaigua, southerly to Deep Run and was constructed of local granite boulders crushed along the site. The construction of this road dragged through the entire summer, although short in length. Lack of materials, men and management prevailed throughout its construction.

Honeoye-Hemlock Road, No. 191, Ontario County, N. Y.

Length, 4.549 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902. Contract dated, June 7, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, April 29, 1905.

Work completed, October 1, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $39,000.

Contract price, $34,900.

Final estimate, $35,377.42.

Contractors, Mosier and Summers.

Engineers in charge, E. P. Strowger and Chas. M. Edwards.

This road extends from the east line of Livingston county and runs easterly through Honeoye to the road running along the east side of Honeoye lake. No work was done on this road during the season of 1904 owing to the inability of the contractor to procure the boulders from the fields until the crops were harvested. Local granite boulders, crushed along the site of the road, were used throughout.

This road, before improvement, was almost impassable owing to the sticky nature of the subgrade and the excessive grades, which have been reduced to a maximum of 7 per cent. Much benefit is derived by the improvement of this road, as Honeoye lacks railway facilities and all of the merchandise and farm produce shipped out has to pass over this highway. The contractors have shown good management and employed an adequate force at all times.

Gorham-Stanley Road, No. 203, Ontario County, N. Y.

Length, 2.197 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 and 16 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902.

Contract dated, June 10, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, August 15, 1904.

Work completed, Novemebr 16, 1904.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $20,100.

Contract price, $17,750.

Final estimate, $17,646.32.

Contractor, Jeremiah T. Finch.

Engineer in charge, E. P. Strowger.

This road extends easterly and westerly through the unincorporated village of Gorham and was built of Leroy limestone throughout, being completed in the fall of 1904. The contractor displayed commendable energy in the construction of this road.

Naples-Atlanta Road, No. 204, Ontario County, N. Y.

Length, 0.585 mile.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902.

Contract dated, July 11, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, October 17, 1904.

Work completed, May 1, 1905.

":\j /

m*

■ *>'X”

X"*

V

i %■

: M

v

If| j;

iR:

51

pi

4s*

i,

k>«*A3

Ji

Ontaexo County, N. Y.; Honeoye-Hemlock Road, No. 191.

Built by State Engineer in 1905. Two and three-quarters miles west of Honeoye. Steep grades of old road reduced maximum of 7 per cent. As Honeoye lacks railway facilities all merchandise and produce passes over this highway. Lo anite boulders furnish material for road.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $5,350.

Contract price, $5,300.

Final estimate, $5,298.84.

Contractor, Finch-Anderson Co.

Engineer in charge, Tracy B. Smith.

This road extends southwesterly from the village of Naples and was built of Leroy limestone throughout. This road was essentially completed during the season of 1904, some puddling and rolling only being necessary to finish it during the current season.

Naples-Woodville Road, No. 205, Ontario County, N. Y.

Length, 3.451 miles.

Width of macadam, 12 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10, 1902.

Contract dated, June 16, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, June 27, 1904.

Work completed, September 16, 1905.

Engineer’s estimate of cost of work, $39,000.

Contract price, $36,000.

Final estimate, $36,316.10.

Contractor, Jeremiah T. Finch.

Engineer in charge, Tracy B. Smith.

This road extends from Naples, northerly to Woodville, at the head of Canandaigua lake, and is built of Leroy limestone throughout. There are 68 culverts on this road, varying in size from 2 x 2 up to 5 x 12 feet, the larger ones predominating. It was necessary to lay the culverts before putting on the stone to any extent. We were glad to have these culverts go through the winter and spring before the laying of the stone so as to have their capacity tested, as the precipitation upon their drainage area comes to them very quickly.

Unprecedented rains occurred last spring, which probably tested these culverts as severely as they ever will be, and proved their adequacy. The only difficulty which ensued was caused by the clippings and trimmings from the vineyards, which had been thrown into the gullies leading to these culverts and which, in several instances, choked up the openings.

No. 207, Ontario

Geneva-Canandaigua Road (Section 2)

County, N. Y.

Length. 6.213 miles.

Width of macadam, 14 feet.

Plans approved by Board of Supervisors, October 10. 1902.

Contract dated, July 14, 1904.

Contract to be completed, October 15, 1904.

Work begun, July 17, 1905.

Work completed, September 30, 1905, 61 per cent.

Engineer’s estimate of ^ost of work. $55,000.

Contract price, $45 000.

Contractor, Henry P. Burgard.

Engineer in charge, John P. Kelley.

This road extends from the easterly line of the village of Canandaigua, across the town of Hopewell, to the westerly end of Gene\a-Canandaigua road, Section 1, No. 146, and is built of local granite boulders crushed along the site.

Owing to the contractor having other State work upon which his plant was employed, he did not begin the construction of this road until the middle of the summer. He has employed a large force of men and machinery and has made rapid and satisfactory progress since he started. This road will, undoubtedly, be completed during the current season.

Miles of contracts completed during year ending September 30, 1905.

17.779

24.204

i.6.437

58.420

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1905.

8.089

53.169

87.052

22.061

170.371

Miles of contracts completed prior to September 30, 1904.

8.089

35.390

62.848

5.624

111.951

Improvement of Public Highways.

Recapitulation of Work Done to September 30, 1905.

Miles of surveys made

during year ending September 30, 1905.

Miles of surveys made prior to September 30, 1905.

Miles of surveys made prior to September 30, 1904.

Miles of plans and estimates completed during year ending September 30, 1905.

Miles of plans and estimates completed prior to September 30, 1905.

Miles of plans and estimates completed prior to September 30, 1904.

Miles under contract during year ending September 30, 1905.

COUNTY.

2.31

27.32

23.34

9.89

15.96

20.63

1.99

101.44

13.03 1.044 66.420 174.461 5.580 31.326 243.432 15.457 76.518 64.929 15.090 1.990 10.412

10.72

1.044

39.10

174.461

5.580

31.326

*220.092

5.567

60.558

*44.299

15.090

”io!4i2

13.03

40.239

5.580

77.870

4.680

15.850

20.630

1.990

13.03

1.044

30.530

132.899

5.580

31.326

235.532

10.247

69.618

64.929

15.090

1.990

10.412

1.044 30.530 92.660

17.779

qi

24'.907 i *157! 662 ¹    5.567

53.768 *44.299 15.090

27.199

719.689

618.249

179.869

622.227

10.412

442.358

69.885

* County line road, 5.55 miles long, appears in both counties.

Cattaraugus Chautauqua Chemung...

Erie.......

Genesee.... Livingston. Monroe.... Niagara.... Ontario.... Orleans.... Steuben....

Wayne.....

Yates......

Total

BARGE CANAL.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

At the beginning of the last fiscal year the Barge canal work was divided into the following residencies:

Newai’k Residency No. 8. From the west line of the town of Savannah to the west line of Wayne county, one-half mile west of Wayneport, upon which no work was in progress.

Rochester Residency No. 9. From the west line of Wayne county to the west line of Monroe county, 3 miles west of Brockport, with office at Lincoln Park, under direction of George T. Keith, Resident Engineer.

Medina Residency No. 10. From the west line of Monroe county to 100 feet east of Gasport bridge No. 151, with office at Medina, D. D. Waldo, Assistant Engineer in charge.

Lockport Residency No. 11. From 100 feet east of Gasport bridge No. 151 to the head of Sulphur Spring guard-lock, upon which no work was in progress.

Tonawanda Residency No. 12. From the head of Sulphur Spring guard-lock to Buffalo harbor, with office at Tonawanda, Thos. W. Barrally, Assistant Engineer in charge.

On March 2, 1905, the limits of Residency No. 10 were extended so as to include Residency No. 11, thus extending from the westerly line of Monroe county to the head of Sulphur Spring guard-lock, and former Residency No. 12 was renumbered Residency No. 11, thus making the limits and numbers of the residencies conform with the repair sections of the canal.

On April 17, 1905, an office was opened on Residency No. 8, at Lyons, with E. V. R. Payne, Assistant Engineer in charge.

On June 8th, Residencies Nos. 9 and 10 were sub-divided as follows:

Residency No. 9-A. From the west line of Wayne county to the center of the Genesee river.

Residency No. 9-B. From the center of the Genesee river to the west line of Monroe county.

Residency No. 10-A. From the west line of Monroe county to 100 feet east of Gasport bridge No. 151.

Residency No. 10-B. From 100 feet east of Gasport bridge to the head of Sulphur Spring guard-lock.

F. P. Williams, Assistant Engineer, was assigned to Residency No. 9-A and H. J. Hemstreet, Assistant Engineer, continued the surveys on Residency No. 9- B, both directly under the Division office.

Residency No. 10-A continued under D. D. Waldo, Assistant Engineer, with office at Medina, and the work upon Residency No. 10-B was assigned to T. W. Barrally, Resident Engineer.

Mr. Payne reports the following work on Residency No. 8:    “ On

April 17, 1905, with a survey party of five, was begun the staking of the 1900 base line, and referencing and marking the transit points with iron-pipe hubs, at the eastern end of the residency, and by June 15 had the base line permanently located as far as Lock Berlin, and cross-sections taken 400 to 600 feet wide to Clyde lock, one mile west of Clyde. Precision levels were run to check 1900 benches and to locate intermediate ones, from east end of residency to Lock Berlin.

“ The boring party, with a wash drill, drilled at intervals of 500 feet or less for samples of earth and for foundations of structures, covering a distance of one mile at eastern end of residency.

“ The survey party, on June 15, began to make the stadia survey of the ‘ low level line ’ from Black creek, one mile west of Savannah village and near the New York Central railway, and have, October 1, reached a point with the field work, one mile west of Port Gibson.

“ Wash-drill borings have been made wherever structures are proposed on this line, from Black creek to Newark.

“ The residency office was located at Lyons, June 15, 1905, and with an office force of two men, have plotted all cross-sections from east end of residency to Clyde, and the ‘low level line’ contour map from Black creek to Lyons, except the contours from Clyde to Lyons.”

Mr. F. P. Williams, Assistant Engineer, reports the following work done on Residency No. 9-A: “A field party of six men was organized the latter part of June for making surveys on Residency No. 9-A. The headquarters of the party were located at Fairport.

“ The first work undertaken was to make a topographical survey of the crossing of the Irondequoit valley, between the main highway crossing that valley, about one and one-half miles north of Bushnelks basin on the north, and the present canal on the south.

“ The present canal makes a long detour to the south of the direct line between Fairport and Pittsford, in order to obtain supporting ground in crossing the Irondequoit valley. This survey was made in order to develop the best line across this valley, taking into consideration the cost of construction, length, alignment and other matters which properly affect the location. The curvature of the line of the present canal crossing the valley exceeds four degrees the maximum fixed for the Barge canal.

“ The stadia method was used in making this survey. The base line, run in 1900 along present canal, was used for the control of the stadia circuits. 11.6 miles of main circuits were run and 4,600 side shots were taken, covering 1.6 square miles of territory. No difficulty was met with in having the work check within the degree of accuracy required in Book of Instructions.

“ It was necessary to retrace the base line, run in 1900 in this vicinity, for the purpose of controlling this stadia work. The work of retracing the base line was continued throughout the entire distance from Wayneport to King’s Bend, 1| miles west of Pittsford, a distance of 12.1 miles. A great many of the references which have been destroyed and a number of transit hubs which have been destroyed or rotted off, have been replaced.

“ Upon the completion of this stadia survey, the headquarters of the party were removed from Fairport to Pittsford, and the work of locating the south line between the junction of the present canal, 1J miles west of Pittsford, and the Genesee river at South Park, was commenced.

“ In order to develop the best line along this southern route, the topography of the surveys, made in 1901, was extended, especially at stream crossings. The width of the territory covered by the surveys of 1900, which is approximately 2,000 feet, was increased to a width of about f mile over this 5.6 miles of line. Stadia circuits controlled by C base line, run in 1900, were used in obtaining this topography.

“ A location line has been staked along the southern route as follows: Commencing at the sharp curve at King’s Bend, 1£ miles west of Pittsford; thence taking a westerly course along the north side of the West Shore railroad and about 1,000 feet distant therefrom, to Edgewood avenue; thence westerly intersecting South avenue near its intersection with Hillside avenue, crossing Clinton avenue a short distance north of the barns of Peter Powell; crossing East Henrietta road south of house and barns of David Bell; crossing West Henrietta road about 400 feet south of its intersection with the Westfall road, and crossing the Erie and Lehigh railroad tracks at culvert on east side of South Park, and passing through South Park in the natural depression or stream bottom of stream passing through the above railroad culverts, thence reaching the Genesee river.

“ Observations on Polaris were taken at points along this line for the purpose of determining the true azimuth.

“ Precise levels were run along the route and 13 benches established. These levels were extended east to Wayneport for the pur-

1

E

1:1

,

-

5H3*

Vv

c.

e

...

>11/1L

S3

.'

'....»

“ Grab ” Machine—Contract No. 6, Barge Canal.

fen

-

Si

%$&

4m

g-M.

V'V

S3

•-

pose of checking present benches, and establishing intermediate benches where necessary to facilitate the cross-section work.

“ The cross-section work was commenced on the location line at the Genesee river and about one mile of line eastwardly completed to the date of making this report.

“ A summary of the work shows that the necessary stadia surveys for developing the location of the line at points where the new canal may leave the route of the present canal have been completed, the base line along the present canal and the new location, with exception of the crossing of the Irondequoit valley have been run, check levels have been run and bench marks established where necessary, and the work of cross-sectioning line for the purpose of making contract drawings is well under way.”

Mr. George T. Keith, Resident Engineer, reports the following preliminary work done on Residency No. 9-B: “On October 1, 1904, party under H. J. Hemstreet, Assistant Engineer, was engaged in making a survey of the Genesee river from the old State dam, about 4,300 feet below where the Barge canal line crosses the river, to a point where the flow line, 512.6, crosses the river, about 18 miles in length. Soundings were taken from the dam to the Barge canal line every 100 feet, and cross-sections of the river bank to the end of the survey. This survey was completed to Brown’s bridge, about 12 miles, and maps made, 100 feet to one inch, February 15, 1905, when the weather was so bad and the snow so deep, that the party was called to the office. The survey was resumed May 20 and completed by a stadia survey, June 20.

“ Appropriation plans and surveys for Contract No. 6, extending from the N. Y. C. R. R. to a point one mile east of South Greece, 3.28 miles, were completed November 5, 1904.

“ Concrete monuments were set every thousand feet and at points of curves along the line of Contract No. 6, in order to preserve the center line for future use.

“ Contract No. 6 was let May 3, 1905, to F. A. Maselli & Co., who began work June 19, and up to date have taken out about 121,000 cubic yards of earth excavation and built about 16,000 cubic yards of embankment.

“ The work is being done, where embankment is required, with a ‘ Grader,⁵ drawn by a traction engine. Where the canal is all excavation, a steam shovel and tipple incline is used, which is taking out about 3,000 cubic yards of earth, in two shifts of eight hours each, per day.

“ A contract survey has been made from the N. Y. C. R. R. east to and across the Genesee river at South Park. This survey was begun

November 28,1904, and completed January 9, 1905, and the standard maps, profile and cross-sections were completed March 9, 1905.

" Borings on this survey were made at road crossings and across the Genesee river every fifty feet, with a Calyx drill, which takes a core out for inspection down to the level of the bottom of the canal.

“ Borings with a wash drill were made every hundred feet to the rock and samples taken.”

Mr. T. J. Morrison, Assistant Engineer, reports as follows: “The following work has been done on preliminary surveys and plans for Residency 9-B, from June 21, 1905, when the headquarters of the residency were transferred to the Division office, and I was directed to take charge of the work, to the close of the fiscal year, September 30, 1905.

Genesee River Survey.

"Previous to June, a topographic survey of the Genesee river and its tributaries south of the proposed canal crossings had been made. The purpose of this survey was to locate the 512.6 feet contour, the elevation of the proposed crossing in the river. The results of this survey had been plotted on mounted sheets to a scale of 1 inch = 100 feet. In addition, a detail paper map, to a scale of 1,000 feet to the inch, had been commenced. This map has been completed and a tracing made.

Genesee River Gagings.

"In March, 1905, three gages were set up on the Genesee river, one at Brown’s bridge, near Scottsville, another on the West Shore railroad bridge and a third on Elmwood avenue bridge, Rochester. The two former consist of horizontal boards graduated to tenths of a foot, with a chain passing through a hole in the board at the zero of the graduation, the length of the chain being properly adjusted. The third is a vertical gage, fastened to the bridge pier. Arrangements were made with three persons, living near the sites, to take daily readings. These readings are noted on cards and mailed weekly to this office. A record sheet and diagram have been prepared for each gage and these are kept continually up to date.

Main Line Survey.

"Since the work of the residency has been under my charge, a topographic survey has been made covering the country between Elmwood avenue and the East Henrietta road, north of the lines previously run. The notes of this survey have been plotted to a scale of 100 feet to one inch and contours sketched.

“The work of finishing up the mounted map sheets of the section between the east end of Contract No. 6 and the Genesee river,’a distance offWo and one-half miles ,^hasr been completed, with the^ex-ception^of the prism" lines, the lines 'denoting spoil banks andjthe proposed appropriation lines. A profile and cross-sections of the same section have been plotted, the new prism section partly|put on and the quantities of excavation computed for about one-half of the length of the section. Maps, profiles and cross-sections of the crossings, with highways and railroads, have been plotted and partly traced. The work of preparing contract drawings for this section will be undertaken shortly.

“West of Contract No. 6 surveys, embracing topography and cross-sections, have been made as far west as the village of Spencerport. With the exception of the preparation of four appropriation maps of lands to be taken at the junction of the proposed with the present canal, near South Greece, nothing has been done in the way of plotting the work of this survey.

Wash-drill Borings.

“Borings to rock, taken with a wash-drill outfit at intervals of 100 feet, have been completed on the section between the east end of Contract No. 6 and the Genesee river. The results of these borings have been plotted and samples of the materials penetrated have been placed in vials, properly labeled and filed in this office.”

D. D. Waldo, Assistant Engineer, reports as follows for Residency No. 10-A:

Sub-division of Work on Residency.

“ A ” Section, Monroe County Line to Hindsburg, 6.56 miles. “Under this head the following work has been done:

Field.

1.    Base line rerun, 6.56 miles.

2.    Cross-sections of prism, at culvert and at bridge approaches,

taken from Monroe county line, westerly to 24 miles west of Holley, about 3^ miles.

3.    Bench levels from Monroe county line to Hulberton, 4.45 miles.

4.    Topography taken from Monroe county line to Bridge No. 118, 3 miles.

Note—Field party working on this section at present time. Office.

No office work done on this section.

“B” Section, Hindsburg to Eagle Harbor. 7.76 Miles. “Under this head the following work has been done:

Field.

1.    Base line rerun, 7.76 miles.

2.    Borings taken from Eagle Harbor to Albion, about 3.26 miles. Note—No other work done on this section.

“C” Section, Eagle Harbor to Medina, Contract No. 9, 7.52 miles.

“The work of preparing plans and preliminary estimate for this section has been completed. All plans, estimates, etc., have been sent to the Albany office.

“Under this head the following work has been done:

Field.

1.    Survey of “red line.”

2.    Staking out “blue line.”

3.    Cross-sections on center line of culverts.

4.    Measurements and photographs of buildings to be appropriated, i 5. Borings at structures and at 200-foot intervals on berme bank.

Office.

1.    Tracing of contract right-of-way maps.

2.    Tracing of contract cross-section sheets.

3.    Tracing of contract maps (details at structures).

4.    Tracing of contract maps (relocation of ditches).

5.    Tracing of contract maps (relocation of roads).

6.    Computation of quantities.

7.    Preliminary estimate.

Work remaining to be done on this section.

1. Making of appropriation surveys and maps.

“D” Section, Medina to Middleport, 4.94 Miles.

“The preparation of contract plans and preliminary estimate of this section have practically been completed.

“The detail drawings at culvert and bridge locations have been sent to Albany. The contract right-of-way maps and the contract cross-section maps are still at this office.

“Under this head the following work has been done:

Field.

1.    Survey of “red line.”

2.    Staking out “blue line.”

3.    Cross-sections at culverts.

4.    Photographs of buildings to be appropriated.

5.    Borings at structures and at 200-foot intervals on berme bank.

6.    Cross-sections and measurements at proposed bridge and culvert

locations.

Office.

1.    Tracing of contract right-of-way maps.

2.    Tracing of contract cross-section maps.

3.    Tracing of contract maps (details at structures).

4.    Tracing of contract maps (relocation of ditches).

5.    Tracing of contract maps (relocation of roads).

6.    Computation of quantities.    •

7.    Preliminary estimate.

Work remaining to be done on this section.

1.    Measurements of buildings to be appropriated.

2.    Making of appropriation surveys and plans.

3.    Preparation of contract map of proposed culvert location.

4.    Plans for distribution of material in vicinity of Oak Orchard

gorge, Medina.

“E” Section, Middleport to Gasport, 5.29 Miles.

“Under this head the following work has been done:

Field.

1.    Base line rerun.

2.    Location of topography.

3.    Check levels and establishment of benches.

4.    Cross-sections of prism.

5.    Borings at structures and at 200-foot intervals along berme bank.

6.    Cross-sections on center line of culverts and bridge approaches. Office.

1.    Base line plotted on mounted egg-shell paper maps.

2.    Topography plotted.

3.    Cross-sections of prism plotted.

Note—The office force at the present time is engaged in plotting the field notes and preparing the maps of this section.

“It is to be noted that no office or field work, in connection with appropriation surveys, has been done on this residency, which accounts for the fact that the percentage of office and transit work appears lower tnan might otherwise be expected.’'

Herewith follows a summary statement, on percentage basis, of work done on Residency No. 10-A, from the time (hat the residency was established in July, 1904, to October 1, 1905:

1.    Monroe County Line to Hindsburg.

Hjjj[ Office work, none.

Transit work, 60 per cent done.

Level work, 70 per cent done.

Soundings, none.

Borings, none.

Construction, none.

2.    Hindsburg to Eagle Harbor.

Office work, none.

Transit work, 30 per cent done.

Level work, none.

Soundings, none.

Borings, 40 per cent done.

Construction, none.

3.    Eagle Harbor to Medina.

Office work, 80 per cent done.

Transit work, 80 per cent done.

Level work, all done.

Soundings, all done.

Borings, all done.

Construction, none.

4.    Medina to Middleport.

Office work, 75 per cent done.

Transit work, 80 per cent done.

Level work, 98 per cent done.

Soundings, none.

Borings, all done.

Construction, none.

5.    Middleport to Gasport.

Office work, 30 per cent done.

Transit work, 50 per cent done.

Level work, 90 per cent done.

Soundings, none.

Borings, all done.

Construction, none.

No work has been done on Residency No. 10-B, save the running of bench levels.

Mr. T. W. Barrally, Resident Engineer, reports as follows for Residency No. 11: “The surveys and preparation of contract plans for Section 11 include that part of the section from the head of the guard-lock near the village of Pendleton, Niagara county, to the Niagara river at Tonawanda, N. Y., a distance of about 13 miles.

“On December 14, 1904, the Division Engineer established headquarters for Residency No. 11 at Tonawanda, N. Y., and the completion of surveys, borings and obtaining data for the preparation of contract drawings was started under my direction.

“Gages were immediately established on the Niagara river and canal at Tonawanda, and on the canal at Pendleton. The results of these readings, in connection with a study of previous records of gagings on both river and canal, were used in fixing the limits of high and, low navigable stages of new canal between the Niagara river at Tonawanda, N. Y., and Lockport, N. Y.

“The grades of canal prism and water slopes have been fixed and approved for the level from Niagara river to Lockport, and a location made and approved from the beginning of Section 11 to the Main street bridge at Tonawanda.

“Location maps have been made of the entire contract, showing center line location, prism outlines, topography, new and old right-of-way lines, buildings and all other information required. These maps are completed, except a small portion of the old ‘blue line’ which has not been surveyed.

“Cross-sections have been plotted and on these the prism outlines have been shown, also outlines of wash-walls and other details. These have been traced on standard-sized sheets for contract drawings, from the beginning of the section to the Main street bridge at Tonawanda.

“A profile has been made of the entire contract and traced on the standard sheets from the beginning of the section to the Main street bridge, Tonawanda.

“Tracings of plan, showing location, spoil banks, land to be taken for spoil, have been completed between the same points, indicated above, for cross-sections and profile.

“Contract drawings have been prepared, showing all bridges and approaches and giving the necessary information for the designing of new structures.

“Borings were started in May, 1905, at Tonawanda. The boring outfit consisted of a wash drill and hand pump, and has been operated by a party of four men. These borings were finished September 30, and the results have been classified. The samples are packed and labeled and the borings plotted on maps, profile, cross-sections and contract drawings. The results of the borings have been made the subject of a special report.

“Estimates have been prepared of earth excavation and embankment, rock excavation, wash-walls, wash-wall excavation, and copies are being made on the forms prepared for that purpose.

“Plans are about completed, showing highway changes and changes at entrances of creeks discharging into the canal.

“The survey of the old ‘blue line’ was begun about May 1, 1905. This work has been done with a party of four men under Mr. C. J. McDonough, Assistant Engineer, and is nearly completed.

“The entire ‘front angle’ has been run out -and the ‘blue line’ laid out and monumented, except a short stretch of ‘blue line’ on the berme side where the line was not laid out from the front angle. This work will be completed in about two weeks.

“Owing to curved alignment of theTonawanda creek and the fact that the inner angle was laid out in 66-foot chords, the work of reestablishing the line has been difficult and slow.

“In relation to the present state of the work on Residency No. 11, it may be stated that the work is well advanced toward completion.

“The field work, including preliminary surveys for preparing plans, borings, and surveys of structures, are completed.

“The ‘blue line’ survey will be completed the coming month and plotted on the location maps.

“The contract drawings are practically completed at the present time. The fact that no decision has been made of the choice of route at the entrance to the Niagara river at Tonawanda, has delayed the final completion of the plans at this point.

“Plans for alternate routes at the entrance have been prepared and further studies are being made at this point.”

M. W. Wilbur, Resident Engineer, has ably directed the highway construction work during the past season.

I commend to your favorable consideration the faithful services of the men of this Division, all of whom have willingly given their best services to the State.

Respectfully submitted,

A. J. ROCKWOOD,

Division Engineer.

The Following Statements Show the Names, Rank and Compensation of Engineers in the Western Division cf the Department of the State Engineer and Surveyor, Together with Incidental Expenses, for the Fiscal Year Ending September 30, 1905.

Ordinary Repairs to Canals—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 728, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

| Rate of 1 compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

A. J. Rockwood... A. J. Rockwood...

M. W. Wilbur.....

Philip H. Dater...

E.    V. R. Payne.... Chas. M. Edwards. FrankT. Marsh... George G. Miller. . Frank W. Bristow. Tracy B. Smith.. . H. G. McKelvey.. R. T. Webster. . . . C. G. Harger, Jr.. . A. B. Williams....

F.    V. Searls.......

Anna

scheider.......

Thos. J. Love.....

M. Lor-

Division engineer.... Division engineer.... Resident engineer... . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer.. .

Leveler.............

Draftsman...........

Draftsman...........

Draftsman...........

Rodman............

Financial clerk.......

Estimate clerk.......

Estimate clerk.......

Stenographer........

Laborer.............

$3,000 per year 3,600 per year 2,400 6 00 per day! 6 00 per day! 5 00 per day 5 00 per day!

4    50 per day¹

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day I

4    00 per day

5    00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day

75 00 per month 2 00 per day

per year

$358 02 2,440 00 1,227 64 24 00

6 00

5 00 10 00

9 00

40 00 20 00 13 50 336 00 880 00 542 00 240 00

600 00 18 00

$29 43 13 46 17 84

2    05

3    48 2 34

1 12

$387 45 2,453 46 1,245 48 26 05 9 48 7 34 10 00 9 00 40 00 20 00 13 50 337 12 880 00 542 00 240 00

4 70

600 00 22 70

Stationery and printing..

Postage................

Office rent..............

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$6,843 58

$198 71 115 28 770 00 220 75 851 68

2,156 42

Total

$9,000 00

Extraordinary Repairs—Main Street Bridge, Lockport, N. Y.

(Chapter 581, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

A J. Rockwood.. .

T J. Morrison.....

R. T. Webster.... P. T. Gordon.....

Division engineer.....

Assistant engineer.. .

Rodman............

Rodman............

$3 ,000 per year 6 00 per day 4 00 per day 3- 50 per day

$8 34 36 00 108 00 105 00

$3 39

8 70

$11 73 36 00 108 00 113 70

Total.

$269 43

NAME.

Phillip H. Dater. .

Livery.......

Miscellaneous

Total

NAME.

Oak Orchard Feeder.

(Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Rate'of

compensa

tion.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Assistant engineer....

$6 00 per day

Incidental Expenses.

$60 00

$21 93

$81 93

$81 93

$9 00 15 70

24 70

$106 63

Conewango Creek Bridge.

(Chapter 672, Laws of 1904.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Frank W. Bristow.

Draftsman.

$5 00 per day

$16 50

$16 50

Postage.

Incidental Expenses.

$16 50

$0 08

08

Total.

$16 58

Great Sodus Bay Bridge.

(Chapter 580, Laws of 1903; Chapter 669, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total

A. J. Rockwood...

M.W. Wilbur.....

Philip H. Dater...

T. J. Morrison.....

F. V. Searls.......

Division engineer.....

Resident engineer.... Assistant engineer... Assistant engin Estimate clerk.

eer...

$3,000 per year 2,400 per year 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 4 00 per day

$19 98 12 00 12 00 130 00

$3 80 17 55 12 75

19 95

$3 80 37 53 24 75 12 00 149 95

Livery.. Postage

Incidental Expenses.

$228 03

$11 25

52

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous..........

2 15

4 25

18 17

Total,

$246 20

NAME.

Frank T. Marsh. . Chas. G. Ranney.. A. B. Williams... .

Slope Wall, Corning, N. Y.

(Chapter 600, Laws of 1903.)

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

Assistant engineer.. .

Rodman............

Estimate clerk.......

$5 00 per day

3    50 per day

4    00 per day

*315 00

3    50

4    00

*14 93    *329 93

3 50 11 25

7 25

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

*344 68

$0 85

1 85

2 70

Total

*347 38

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

Division engineer.... Division engineer Resident engineer.... Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer.. . Assistant engineer. . . Assistant engineer... . Assistant engineer. . .

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Leveler.............

Draftsman...........

Draftsman...........

Draftsman...........

Rodman............

Rodman............

Rodman............

A. J. Rockwood.. .

A. J. Rockwood.. .

M. W. Wilbur.....

T. J. Morrison.....

T. W. Barrally.. . .

E. Y. R. Payne....

Isaac O. "Cole.....

Philip H. Da ter.. .

Chas. M. Edwards James E. Kelley..

Frank T. Marsh...

J. B. Barrett......

Geo. G. Miller....

A.    S. Whitbeck... .

Frank W. Bristow.

Tracy B. Smith...

H. G. McKelvey..

R. T. Webster. . . .

W. G. Dub^y.....

G. J. Bean.......

Joseph W. Howe.. I Rodman......

Chas. G. Ranney.. Rodman......

John P. Kelley... Rodman.. <...

E. P. Strowger.. . . Rodman......

P. T. Gordon.....Rodman......

E. A. Bonney.....Chainman.....

Harry D. Waldo... Chainman.....

E.    J. Greiner......Chainman.....

B.    E. Moses.......Chainman.....

F.    W. Gerstner.... Chainman.....

Chas. F. Swain.. . Chainman.....

Chas. A. Carruth.. Chainman.....

C.    G. Harger, Jr.. . Financial clerk A. B. Williams... . Estimate clerk,

Estimate clerk

F. V. Searls.......

Anna M. Lor-

scheider........

Chas. R. Zorsch...

Thos. J. Love.....

W. B. Griggs... .... Raymond Menzies Laborer S. A. Patterson... . Laborer John F. Doran.... Laborer

Stenographer

Laborer......

i Laborer......

Laborer......

$3 ,000 per year 3,600 per year 2,400 per year 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day

4    50 per day

5    00 per day 5 00 per day 4 50 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day

4    00 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 50 per day 3 00 per day 3 00 per day

3    00 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day 2 50 per day

5    00 per day

4    00 per day 4 00 per day

*325 26 50 00 922 61 1,548 00 336 00 978 00 1,638 00 132 00 900 00

1.150    00 480 00 730 00

1,363 50 220 50 1,398 50 1,615 00 1,440 00 152 00 616 00 184 00 804 00 577 50 1,029 00

1.151    50 511 00 927 00 822 00 192 00 797 50 545 00 277 50 575 00 290 00 394 00 934 00

*107 13 109 76 334 44 24 71 461 54 334 23 99 12

31 43 892 76

21 55 431 21 4 36

/u

38 35

10 25 3 24

23 71

6 55

8 45 5 70 8 54

4 58

12 08

4 83

75 00 per month 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day'

75 00 282 00 552 00 128 00 120 00 156 00 108 00

15 18 140 99

y—I    i—I t—(    C'l    rH i—l rH rH    r—I pH

NAME.

Improvement of Public Highways—(Concluded).

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

T. M. Inderlied.. .. L. S. Webster.....

L.    W. Billings.....

R. C. Humphrey.. George S. Alcott... I. G. Flack.......

M.    H. Mullen-

neaux, Jr......

C. Burton Nye... . Christ Kumro. . . . Jas. W. Rollinson.. Grant Tibbals. . . .

R. W. Phipps.....

A. W. Bancroft. . .

Carl T. Smith.....

Gates Smith......

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$114 00 152 00 210 00 214 00 212 00 212 00

212 00 446 00 292 00 94 00 106 00 86 00 138 00 128 00 58 00

$17 46 14 48

$114 00 152 00 210 00 214 00 229 46 226 48

4 58

7 05

12 60 3 37

1 88

95

216 58 453 05 304 60 97 37 106 00 87 88 138 00 128 95 58 00

Stationery and printing.

Postage................

Livery.................

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$33,298 93

$25 51 17 13 1,764 20 53 42 719 21

2,579 47

Total

$35,878 40

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

A. J. Rockwood.. . Division engineer. .. A. J. Rockwood.. . Division engineer

M. W. Wilbur.....Resident engineer...

Geo. T. Keith.....Resident engineer...

T. W. Barrally. . . Resident engineer.. . T. W. Barrally. . . Assistant engineer. .

D.    D. Waldo......Assistant engineer. .

E.    V. R. Payne.... Assistant engineer. .

Isaac O. Cole.....Assistant engineer. .

Byron E. Failing. Assistant engineer. .

F.    P. Williams... . Assistant engineer...

T. J. Morrison.....Assistant engineer...

H. J. Hemstreet. . Assistant engineer. . Chas. A. Ingersoll. Assistant engineer. . J. Ray Aikenhead Assistant engineer. . FrankT. Marsh... Assistant engineer. . C. J. McDonough., Assistant engineer. . Chas. M. Edwards Assistant engineer. . James E. Kelley.. Assistant engineer. .

L. C. Hulburd.....Assistant engineer. .

Francis J. Seery... Assistant engineer...

C. G. Harger, Jr.. . Financial clerk.....

A. B. Williams... . Estimate clerk

F. Y. Searls,......Estimate clerk

Anna M.

scheider..

$3 ,000 per year 3,600 per year 2 ,400 per year 2,400 per year 2 ,400 per year 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00

Lor-

Stenographer Frank W. Bristow, j Draftsman.. . G. Edward Gibson, Draftsman.. . G. Edward Gibson I Draftsman.. ■

per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per dayl 5 00 per day] 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day

4    00 per day

75 00 per month

5    00 per day 4 50 per day

alls gllalilis'SnSIsluIiigll

KS88 888888888088888888888888

$13 89 126 97

$63 93 336 97 66 60 2,452 81 836 01 999 31 1,975 07 914 86 462 62 57 35 590 33 319 35

52 81 36 01 81 31 110 69 50 86 102 62 21 35 50 33 7 35

285 00 460 48 422 90 440 27 395 00 322 75 32 00

10 48 2 90 65 27

2 75

225 00 145 00 832 50 575 24

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal—(Continued).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

Edward H.Bourne Draftsman Edward A. Zorsch Draftsman

J. B. Barrett.....Leveler.. .

John D. Groves... Leveler... Lewis G. Fisher... I Leveler.. . A. S. Whitbeck... . j Leveler... George G. Miller.. Leveler.. . E. W. Keamer... .

Harry H. Greene.

R.    T. Webster. .. .

Walter G. Dubey..

C. J. Bean.......

Joseph W. Howe.:

Lewis T. Howard.

Guernsey W. Ellis Chas. G. Ranney. .

Paul T. Gordon. . .

Edw’d Anderberg.

Oscar Hasbrouck..

Harry D. Waldo...

E. A. Bonney.....

E. J. Greiner.....

John H. Huber.. .

A. B. Chappell....

Chas. F. Swain... .

S.    W. Gage.......

Chas. A. Carruth. .

E.    R. Bowerman..

F.    W. Gerstner.....

Theophilus Beau-

pre............

Edward L. Wick..

C.    M. Colony......

J. M. Yerger......

D.    E. Anderson.. .

Wm. Friz........

N.W. Baldwin....

P. C. Decker......

Schuyler Helmer.

Chas. R. Zorsch...

Raymond Menzies Christ Kumro. . . .

Peter Allen.......

Chas. Bletzer.....

C. Burton Nye... .

L.    R. Barnes.....

J. H. Adolph......

Carlton F. Bown. .

Donald Lewis.....

Arthur B. Eddy.. .

Chas. M. Rooke...

Frank M. Steele...

Wm. Downing... .

Wm. Murray.....

Wm. Krugman... .

M.    Martin........

Anton Croll......

W. T. Cameron....

Harvey G. Eckler.

Edmund F. Heard Antonio Passarelli Daniel Kumro.. . .

Frank Hall.......

Frank Hibbard.. .

Robert James.....

Frederick Hobbe.

T.    M. Inderlied....

John F. Doran....

S. A. Patterson. . .

L. S. Webster.....

Michael Smith....

Edward Wilson.. .

Herbert Love.....

Leveler... Leveler... Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman.. Rodman. Rodman.. Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman Chainman

00 per day $256 00 00 per day 316 00 00 per day 780 00 50 per day 1,408 50 50 per day 1,408 50 50 per day 1,188 00 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 1,105 69 360 00 882 00 245 00 518 00 66 50 441 00 21 00 180 00 24 00 432 00 767 50 782 50 345 00 302 50 207 50 190 00 225 00

00 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day 50 per day

40 50 387 00 247 50 668 00 616 00

$7 15

14 30

5 83 28 14

2 27

13 46

$263 15 316 00 780 00 1,408 50 1,408 50 1,202 30 40 50 387 00 253 33 696 14 616 00 1,107 96 360 00 882 00 245 00 518 00 66 50 441 00 21 00 180 00 24 00 432 00 780 96 782 50 345 00 302 50 207 50 190 00 225 00

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laoorer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer,

Laborer,

Laborer,

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer,

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer,

Laborer.

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

Laborer

00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day 00 per day OOlper day

626 00 240 00 518 00 294 00 194 00 228 00 640 96 337 22 610 90 336 00 136 00 336 00 18 00 200 00 180 00 174 00 104 00 96 00 96 00 130 00 8 00 62 00 24 00 54 00 46 00 42 00 34 00 52 00 52 00 8 00 22 00 26 00 54 00 168 00 54 00 22 00 438 00 76 00 360 00 334 00 266 00 288 00i 248 00I

4 38

75 64 81 00

1 60

84 67

17 00

76 64    *

78 51

630 38 240 00 518 00 369 64 275 00 228 82 640 96 337 22 610 90 336 00 137 60 420 67 18 00 200 00 180 00 174 00 104 00 96 00 96 00 130 00 8 00 62 00 24 00 54 00 46 00 42 00 34 00 69 00 52 00 8 00 22 00 26 00 54 00 168 00 54 00 22 00 514 64 76 00 438 51 334 00 266 00 288 00 248 00

Construction of Barge Canal—Erie Canal—(Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services. Travel.

Total.

Laborer

Laborer

John Dick. . .

Gainham Ball Geo. Moreland.... Laborer

Chas. Oxcel......

Benj. Hinkey.....

Fred Schwauzfe-

Laborer

Laborer

$2 00 per day 2700 per day 2JO0 per day 2 ;00 per day 2.00 per day 'fc

Laborer..

Thomas J. Love. . Laborer., Geo. Burgdorf... . Laborer.. Wm. O. Bryan... . Laborer.. Wm. W. Smith... Laborer.. Chas. Dickson.... Laborer..

D. S. Hollenbeck. Boatman Fred LaForge Wm. Moran..

Edward L. Wick.. Gage reader James Farrell Geo. E. Krill.

Jacob.Snell, Jr.... Gage reader

ger

Foreman of borings. . Gage reader.........

Gage reader Gage reader

2*00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day;

2    00 per day

3    00 per day 3 50 per day

5 00 per month 5 00 per month 7 00 per month

5    00 per month

6    00 per month

fesstEgsesIlilsi 11111

©gjgoooooooogo ooeoo

$2 50 34 00

15 00

13 11

$238 00 252 00 206 00 246 00 170 00

246 00 12 50 170 00 168 00 217 00 160 00 741 00 34 11 20 00 12 03 44 60 31 85 48 00

Other expenses (livery).....

Instruments, tools and appliances

Rent, office, etc................

Fuel and light.................

Stationery and printing.........

Postage.......................

Telephone and telegraph........

Miscellaneous..................

Incidental Expenses.

846,467 60

$1,858 50 1,417 43 919 54 204 51 207 95 93 22 295 43 3,392 32

8,388 90

Total

$54,856 50

Survey for Court of Claims.

(Chapter 599, Laws of 1903; Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.)

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

A. J.'Rockwood.. . Division engineer... . M. W. Wilbur. . . . Resident engineer... . Philip H. Dater.. . Assistant engineer. . . E. V. R. Payne.... Assistant engineer.. .

D. 'D. Waldo.....Assistant engineer.. .

T. J. Morrison.....Assistant engineer. . .

Chas. A. Ingersoll. Assistant engineer... . Chas. M. Edwards Assistant engineer. . . Frank T. Marsh. . . Assistant engineer. . . J. B.•Barrett

FrankW .'Bristow. Draftsman Tracy B/Smith. . . Draftsman

E.    H.'Bourne.....Draf

JosephW.^Howe. .

RJT. Webster....

W. G. Dubey.....

Leveler

tsman.. ..

. Rodman......

Rodman......

. Rodman......

Chas. A. Carruth.. Chainman.....

F. W.'Gerstner... . Chainman.....

E. 'A/Bonney.....Chainman.....

B.*E.’Moses.......Chainman.....

F. VV7Searls.......Estimate'clerk

S. A.'Patterson... . Laborer.......

Thos! J. Love.....Laborer.......

83,600 per year 2,400 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 6 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 5 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 00 per day 4 OO’perTday 4T00"per'day 2?50Tper7day 2 '50lper day 3jOOlper7day 2 50Tper’day 4f0Oiperfday 2^00 .per day 2 OO.periday

per year

8163

612 00 90 00 42 00 18 00 25 00 155 00 10 00 35 00 5 00 35 00 12 00 144 00 4 00 4 00 7 50 12 50 24 00

O CO 4^ to

OWSM

42 30

1 80

30

15

8 00 38 00 50 00

1 80 11 80

$7 21 230 64 653 33 92 00 42 00 18 00 25 00 197 30 10 00 35 00 5 00 35 00 12 00 145 80 4 00 4 00

7    50 12 50 24 30 15 00

8    00 39 80 61 80

Survey for Court of Claims—{Concluded).

NAME.

Rank.

Rate of compensation.

Services.

Travel.

Total.

L. S. Webster.....

C. Burton Nye.... Chas. R. Zorsch... T. M. Inderlied....

Chas. Bletzer.....

Herbert Love.....

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

Laborer.

$2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day 2 00 per day

$46 00 4 00 12 00 4 00 4 00 4 00

$1 80

1 00

$47 80

4    00 12 00

5    00 4 00 4 00

Livery.................

Telegraph and telephone Miscellaneous...........

Incidental Expenses.

$1,761 98

$31 60

1 35

9 35

42 20

Total

$1,804 18

The foregoing tables are summarized as follows:

Ordinary Repairs to Canals.

Erie canal, Chapter 728, Laws of 1904

$9,000 00

Extraordinary Repairs to Canals.

2. Main street bridge, Lockport, N. Y., Chapter 581, Laws of 1903....

269 43

Special Work.

3.    Oak Orchard feeder, Chapter 729, Laws of 1904.............................

4.    Conewango creek bridge, Chapter 672. Laws of i904.........................

5.    Great Sodus bay bridge, Chapter 580, Laws of 1903; Chapter 669, Laws of 1904.

6.    Slope wall, Corning, N. Y., Chapter 600, Laws of 1903.......................

Improvement of public highways, Chapter 115, Laws of 1898

7.

106 63 16 58 246 20 347 38 35,878 40

Construction of Barge Canal.

8. Construction of Barge canal, Chapter 147, Laws of 1903......

54,856 50

Special Surveys.

9. Survey for Court of Claims, Chapter 599, Laws of 1903; Chapter 729, Laws of 1904..............................................................

1,804 18

$102,525 30

Payments

to

Sept. 30, 1905.

$59,190 00

Payments to Sept. 30, 1905.

0<NiO©0

OC0^l>O

rf <N tOOiO eizcm co t>

lOCO^t^rt^ <N rH(N(N

Table of Contracts Pending on the Western Division, September 30, 1905.

Construction of Barge Canal.

(Chapter 147, Laws of 1903.)

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

$1,005,982 50

$1,588,912 00

; Contract No. 6

3. 1905;

May

F. A. Maselli & Co. ...

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Contract

price.

Engineer’s

preliminary

estimate

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

ooooo

ooooo

ooooo oooooo 0003 0)0

OOCO^IO CO iH CO^t¹

ooooo

ooooo

ooooo

ooooo

i-<i>oooio CO HCOO

';f-g :s

:“S

6l-c6° =! * §<--ss.ai°

fM'U

hH o

»j

Is®

g<u£|-s

Util

«353-m 2 ®

S o S o §

frfrHtCQ

ttHt}-

ooooo

ooooo

HHHHr*

l'-»OOt>rt rH r—I rH rH

Henry P. Burgard.....June

Frederick A. Brotsch.. Oct’r

Mott and Kemper.....June

Mosier and Summers. . June July

Henry P. Burgard

Table of Contracts Completed on the Western Division During the Fiscal Year Ending September

30, 1905.

Final

payment.

Contract

price.

Appropria

tion.

Act.

Year.

Chap.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

to

$9,941 62 9,914 02

7,890 05

Final

payment.

»COCOCOOOiOO(N<NOOOI>00(M^O

©rH©^©0<N<D©TfiO<N050000©

©lO^r>C<l©r-UC©C0lOr-<CO©00©

(M©l>CO©©GOt^©©CO©©^©rH

©T-H©iC©OOCOt^^t^i-IOOGO©(MCO

©©ioeot^i--toocococx)'^io©t-.io©

•O CO    r-l (N CO t-H rH r—I i-H CO tH CO

$9,975 30 9,116 00

7,974 40

Ex. repairs. $15,000 00

9,000 00

1903

1903

1903    I

1904    j

581

009

j 580

ti'i i

Main street bridge, Lockport., N. Y. Slope wall, Corning, N. Y

[Great Sodus Bay bridge,

Improvement of Public Highways.

(Chapter 115, Laws of 1898.)

Nov. 11, 1903 April 5, 1904

July 12, 1904

John Johnson and Fred’k Mumm

A. F. Chapman & Co............

Eastern Concrete Steel Co........

Contract

price.

Character of work.

Date of contract.

CONTRACTOR.

© o © © © o © © © © © © © © © © ©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©

©©©t>©©<N©©©©CO©©©©

OOJOJWCCNOOOO^OiOOO

rHO"j©'^‘O^OjTtiT^i^©T^Oit^C0©

©©iOCOt^r-lOOCOCOt^TfiO©l>iO© »OCOCOH(NCOHHt-i rH CO rH CO

£ :

§ :i?l

o • a 2

c; ;; g    g 8 -

: O : °.s :

|!i|il!ifl iilffi gSl^iiilis SsJ*l

J g|N§ o

l-llflfliilslllll

0'S "3 glM&g 2 u 5? a-

illliiiititpll!

Is||22    a J, I,

I IjlIltMfiil!!

| <flSS^pHORQHWmpqRO!zZ

>>

1 CO CO CO    ^ ^ V- -*t< ^ T}4 TJH Tfl rf( ^

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

Ci010305(3iC10J0sa50i0^0SO050-01

rH rH rH r-H t-h rH rH rH rH rH rH r^ rH ri ri rH

© ©~ ©~ ^    00 !> *C rH ©" 0~rH ©~

HHHHHHHHrHHHHHH

tstlillJiiJtlifi

Mosier and Summers...............

Board of Supervisors of Erie county. Board of Supervisors of Erie county.

Anderson and Britton..............

Henry P. Burgard.................

Mosier and Summers.............. .

Chambers and Grady...............

Mosier and Summers...............

Henry C. Schroeder................

Henry C. Schroeder................

James Anderson...................

Henry P. Burgard.................

Mott and Kemper..................

J. T. Pinch.......................

Finch—Anderson Co-...............

J. T. Finch.......................

Report of Special Examiner of Highways.

Report of Cement Tests.

Report of the Land Bureau.

Report of the Bureau of Bridges.

Report of Special Examiner of Highways.

Albany, N. Y., October 1, 1905. Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Dear Sir.—During the year 1905 I have visited 31 boards of supervisors while in special or annual session, at which general discussion was held relative to the improvement of public highways under the provisions of chapter 115 of the laws of 1898, known as the Higbie-Armstrong act, and the improvement, repair and maintenance of public highways under the provisions of sections 49, 50, 51, 52 and 53 of the Highway Law, known as the Fuller-Plank act.

In all these counties where such meetings were held, the highway commissioners of the various towns, members of town boards and in general the citizens interested in highway improvement were invited to attend. An extraordinary and growing interest was manifested and the fact that the highway commissioners and members of the town boards were present made these meetings most interesting. The application of the Highway Law was carefully discussed and particularly those sections which apply to money-system towns. Many questions were asked and answered and splendid results have followed in the various money-system towns in these counties. I would recommend that, in the bulletins published by your Department, the boards of supervisors be urged to annually hold meetings of this character for general discussion and for the interchange of ideas by those interested in highway improvement, and more particularly by those elected or selected to care for the highways of the State.

I was invited by Mr. F. E. Dawley, Director of the Bureau of Farmers’ Institutes of the Department of Agriculture of the State, to address Farmers’ Institutes held in various places. An important feature of such meetings was the question box, which afforded an opportunity to those interested to ask such questions as they desired, and as a result a more perfect understanding of the Highway Law has been obtained.

The extraordinary interest which has been developed as a result of an appreciation of the advantages derived from improved public thoroughfares is shown by the increased appropriations made by the various counties and the increase in the mileage of public highways

petitioned for by these counties under chapter 115 of the laws of 1898, and it demonstrates the fact that the question of developing the State’s internal commerce brings from the agricultural communities a positive demand for liberal appropriations on the part of the State. The constitutional amendment, allowing the State to issue bonds to the extent of $50,000,000 for highway improvement, was thoroughly discussed at all meetings, not only those held under the auspices of the various boards of supervisors, but at the Farmers’ Institutes as well. I have found that invariably the sentiment is almost unanimous in the advocacy of this measure.

In July, 1905, Bulletin No. 10, issued by your Department, and relating to the improvement, repair and maintenance of public highways, was put in the hands of all officials of the State, and great pains were taken to call the attention of highway commissioners to the laws contained in this bulletin, and more particularly to the directions prepared by your Department for their guidance in those towns which have adopted the money system of working their highways.

Many counties in the State of New York have taken advantage of the provisions of section 79 of the county law, conferring upon the boards of supervisors the right to enact local laws regulating the width of tires used on vehicles built to carry a weight of 1,500 pounds and upwards. The laws thus enacted have not been uniform but have given satisfaction, with the exception of the counties of Erie and Oneida.

A County Engineer or Superintendent of Highways has been appointed in the following counties: Dutchess, Erie, Herkimer, Monroe, Oneida, Ontario, Rockland and Westchester. In these counties the County Engineer or Superintendent of Highways, as the case may be, has been informed that he would be held strictly accountable for the improvement, maintenance and repair of the public highways and bridges, with the exception of roads improved under chapter 115 of the laws of 1898.

The general public was notified in Bulletin No. 10 that your Department would carefully investigate any reasonable complaints which may be made by residents of towns which have adopted the money system, and that everything would be done to assist in securing the best method of carrying out the intent of the laws bearing on this subject. This notification was published throughout the State by the press, and as a result many complaints have been received and investigations made,^and in all but a few instances there has been no difficulty in satisfying either the complainant or the local officers in charge. Through an appropriation of $15,000, made by the Legislature, this work has been carried on, and two superintendents of highways were appointed and have given their entire time to the inspection of the various roads in these money-system towns in the State. While it has been impossible to inspect all of the towns, yet out of 416, which are now working their highways under the money system, 208 inspection reports have been received. While an inspection is in progress, the highway commissioner, supervisor and other town officials have been requested to accompany the inspector and in this way general suggestions have been made, and from reports that have been received the system has given entire satisfaction. Most of the trouble is caused by lack of experience on the part of the highway commissioners, and in some towns by a lack of sufficient funds to properly carry on the work to the best possible advantage.

The correspondence relative to highway work has largely increased, and as a rule I believe the highway commissioners are putting forth their best efforts and are thoroughly interested.

Respectfully,

FRANK D. LYON,

Special Examiner of Highways.

Report of Cement Tests.

Cement Testing Laboratory—State Hall.

Albany, N. Y., October 1, 1905. Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Sir.—I have the honor to submit the following report of the work of the cement testing laboratory of your Department for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905.

The work has been principally routine work, although some special tests have been made.

During the past year there have been submitted to this laboratory for tests 314 lots of cement samples,' consisting of a total of 3,964 samples. These have been given a total of 7,954 tests for tensile strength. The briquettes were made up in the proper proportions of cement and standard crushed quartz sand, according as the cements were Portland or natural cements. The number of lots tested shows a decrease of 5 per cent from the number tested during the previous year, while the number of samples shows an increase of 35 per cent over the same period.

The work done includes a large number of tests made for the State Architect and for other work. For the State Architect, 167 lots, consisting of a total of 2,399 samples, have been given 4,804 tests for tensile strength.

Each lot of samples submitted *were, in addition to the tests for tensile strength, given tests for fineness of grinding, for initial and hard set, and for soundness by means of the hot-water test, the normal-water test and normal-air test.

Of the total number of samples tested, 31.9 per cent were from the Department of the State Engineer and Surveyor, 60.5 per cent were from the State Architect and 7.6 per cent were from cities and towns.

The number of failures to meet the requirements of the Department is large and shows the necessity of complete tests of all the cement proposed for use. The results show the following failures:

Portland cements.—27 lots, consisting of 321 separate samples, failed to meet the new requirements of 92 per cent through a standard sieve of 10,000 meshes per square inch. This seems to indicate a

*4

11

cssfes*

S’

mM

MIS

V 4*

:-gpl

***■ - *6

C#* I

\ »* .*esr

" I - mm

Hf=-i

•J

■m -%~

sa^¹^

>^y -' C^S

5#'

« «•-;

<■%

c a*«

>•*

'•r

SI I

it—•—

SrMfWf!

|j

Et:.

*>

fi*;,

2*

;i

mmm ,

r"»% ■

■blC; v4 ‘

B XLJSiiw

B'OTK&a

fas®

l ,

■K£>

s%

Hr

gy

A.

j?

irl

fc

^4- I '*aPIL. •'

Cement Testing Laboratory — General View of Room for Physical Tests.

tendency on the part of manufacturers to refrain from efforts to secure especially fine grinding, since formerly practically all the lots passed the 92 per cent mark. A comparison of the average fineness of the various brands also shows a tendency toward coarser cement.

One lot, consisting of 15 samples, set too quickly in the test for initial set; while 6 lots, consisting of 109 samples, acquired both initial and hard set within the requirements for initial set.

Of the tests for tensile strength, 11 lots, consisting of 143 samples, failed to meet the requirements of 150 pounds per square inch in the 7-day test, but all showed good strength gaining qualities and passed the 28-day requirements; and 1 lot, consisting of 6 samples, failed in both the 7-day and 28-day tests.

Two lots of cement, consisting of 30 samples, failed in the accelerated tests for soundness.

Natural cements.—One lot set too quickly, and one lot failed in strength both in 7 and 28 day tests.

Ninety-one per cent of the cement tested was Portland cement and 9 per cent was natural cement. All of the natural cement was used by the Department of the State Architect.

The brands represented by the samples received are about the same as heretofore, although one new brand each from New Jersey and Pennsylvania were received. The brands tested were 20 American Portland and 5 American natural. Of the American Portland brands, 8 were manufactured in New York, 9 in Pennsylvania and 3 in New Jersey. Two brands of the natural cement were made in New York.

Of the samples of Portland cement tested, 40.8 per cent was made in New York.

In February, 1901, some concrete blocks were made and put outside to freeze. These blocks were six-inch cubes, and were made up of concrete mixed in the proportion of one part Portland cement, two and one-half parts natural sand and five parts broken stone. The following were the percentages of salt solution used in mixing up each set of blocks: None, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60. Two blocks were made in each set and as soon as moulded were put outside in the freezing weather. One other set was also made. This latter was made up of heated water and sand, and was mixed up and put in the moulds out in a temperature of 18 degrees Fahr. The water was at 175 degrees Fahr. and the sands at 200 degrees Fahr. when used. All of these blocks have been left outdoors and exposed to the prevailing weather. No signsjof disintegration are apparent in any of them as yet, the corners and edges remaining sharp and hard.

At the end of five years, in February, 1906, it is intended to have these blocks broken.

In anticipation of a large increase in the number of tests because of the construction of the Barge canal, the improvement of the public highways, and the building of several new State buildings, visits have been made during the past few years to the following laboratories for the purpose of getting the best ideas as to equipment and arrangement for a model cement testing laboratory: four in New York City—New York Testing Laboratory, Bureau of Docks and Ferries, Columbia University and Brooklyn Municipal; three in Philadelphia —Municipal, Philadelphia Rapid Transit, and Booth, Garrett & Blair; four in Washington—Treasury Department-Bureau of Supervising Architect, Navy Yard-Bureau of Yards and Docks, Agriculture Department-Bureau of Chemistry, and District of Columbia Municipal; one in Troy, N. Y., Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; and the laboratories of the following Portland cement companies—Vulcanite, Vulcanite, N. J.; Edison, New Village, N. J.; Hudson, Hudson, N. Y.; Helderberg, Howes Cave, N. Y.; Alsen, Alsen, N. Y.; and Catskill, Smith’s Landing, N. Y. In nearly all of these, some new and good idea was obtained. Based upon these ideas, the laboratory has recently been enlarged and fitted with new apparatus. The floor space has been doubled by the addition of another large room. This new room has been fitted for all the physical tests,—the other rooms being now used as a chemical laboratory for analysis of cement and as an office.

The room for physical tests has been fitted with apparatus, all specially designed and so arranged as to enable the producing of the most accurate and uniform results with the least outlay of time and effort consistent with careful work; this apparatus was also designed with an eye toward standing the wear and tear for a considerable time. In this room four complete sets of apparatus have been placed, enabling four men to work without hindering any other man because of lack of needed apparatus or tools. The outfit of each man is as follows: one large oak work table, eight feet long, three feet wide and thirty-three inches high. It has a top of pine, except that in one end there is a plate of glass, 36 inches x 34 inches x f inch thick. The glass is specially cut with beveled edges and is used as a mixing board. The table has two large drawers, opening from both sides, and a shelf underneath for storage of samples and tools. J^On each table are 70 brass briquette moulds of standard shape as recommended by the American Society of Civil Engineers, but having a clamp as suggested by the Department, 1 Vicat needle appara-

*</

jr

n!l

f.

kT-

lb_

■i

i.s

fU

m

f WfjN -*A*    1

‘wlmlm

M m

i - If . ' J1P

.....i

"I

& MfJ

; j,

fey

raw»ww«i

W/PJ J

SI 1

,/■

■r

IM

Sr's, • *

..

jH

US

Cement Testing Laboratory — Detail View of Operator’s Equipment.

•*r-

-rTs

ii

t.us for obtaining setting qualities, 1 agate bearing scale for gaging, 40 pans for gaged samples, 20 plates of glass 10 inches x 8 inches x \ incl/for holding briquettes, as well as trowels, wire and bristle brushes, brass scoops, graduates, rubber gloves and other smaller necessaries.

With each table there is also an arrangement of a 100 c. c. burette attached to a gallon bottle. The water is forced from the bottle to the burette by means of a double bulb. This apparatus enables quick and accurate gaging of water.

Adjacent to each table is another oak table upon which is a moist air cabinet made of Alberene stone 1^ inches thick, but having doors of green slate f inch thick. This cabinet is 2 feet 6 inches wide, 1 foot 10 inches deep and 2 feet 7 inches high and contains 4 shelves of glass f inch thick; in the bottom is a copper pan which contains water. All the test pieces—pats and briquettes—are stored in this cabinet from time of making until immersed in water.

For the storage of test pats and briquettes in water, each man has a tier of four tanks of Alberene stone 1J inches thick. These storage tanks are 5 feet inches long, 2 feet 1£ inches wide and have an inside depth of 6 inches; each tier of tanks is supported by a steel frame made of two inch angles. Each tank is connected separately with a system of supply and waste pipes, which is as follows: over tier No. 1 is an Alberene stone reservoir 5 feet inches long, 2 feet 1£ inches wide and having an inside depth of 12 inches; this reservoir is supplied with cold water and this is raised to a proper temperature (about 70° Fahr.) by a supply from a hot water boiler which is adjacent to the tanks and heated by gas. The hot and cold water is so supplied to the tank that, as the water flows over the overflow plug in the other end, it is of the temperature desired. This gives to each tank a slowly running supply of tempered water. In the storage reservoir the overflow pipe gives a water depth of 11 inches and in each storage tank there is a similar overflow plug which gives a depth of 5j inches. When it is desired to empty or clean out any one tank the plug is withdrawn and the tank quickly emptied. The waste water flows into a gutter under the tiers of tanks. This gutter was formed in the concrete foundation upon which the steel frames holding the tanks stand.

In this physical laboratory there are also the following: two of the latest improved Fairbanks cement testing machines—one of 2,000 'lbs. capacity and the other of 1,000 lbs. capacity—and these stand upon specially designed oak tables; an oak table used for storing of newly arrived samples until distributed to the various work tables; a sand storage box with a capacity of one and a quarter tons of standaid quartz sand, the sand being drawn from the bottom as desired ; a tier of shelves for storage of samples; a copper tank contain -ing two racks, each capable of holding 8 pats, for the accelerated test and heated by gas; a sink with hot and cold water connections; and an arrangement for making the tests for fineness, this being operated by a small electric motor.

In the chemical laboratory there is a very complete outfit for such examination of cements as does not come under the head of physical tests. The apparatus is new and has been carefully selected. All furniture is of oak and consists of the following: one large work table, 7 feet 6 inches long, 2 feet 8 inches wide and 3 feet 6 inches high—having cupboards and drawers and having a pine top which has been treated with a preparation which makes it a jet black and acid proof; one table, for hot plate and burners, placed under a hood which is connected with a chimney flue; one table for a delicate balance; a cabinet for glassware and chemicals; a desk and a sink.

The apparatus consists of a very delicate analytical balance, hot plate, distil for water, burners, drying oven, the necessary variety of glass and platinum ware, and -email articles. All are conveniently placed and fully adequate for analysis of cements.

All the rooms are light and well ventilated. Heat is furnished by steam and artificial light is secured from electric lights. The office is directly connected by telephone to the rest of the Department offices. For completeness and serviceability this laboratory is probabty equal to any other in the country devoted solely to the practical testing and examination of cements.

A brief description of the method used in making the tests in this laboratory will probably make the results of the tests much better understood as well as more easily comparable with the results obtained in other testing laboratories. The method is practically the same as has been used here during the past five years except that the “setting” is obtained by the use of the Vicat needle instead of the Gilmore wires. It is as follows:

Sampling.—After the cement proposed to be used upon any contract work of the State has been delivered and well stored, the engineer in charge, or his representative, takes one sample from every tenth barrel of cement or from the equivalent of the tenth barrel when packed in sacks. Each sample is placed in a double envelope-bag upon which is printed such matter as when filled in by the person taking the sample will give the sample number, brand of cement, date of sampling and work upon which the cement is to be used. About twenty ounces of cement is taken for each sample. The samples are packed firmly and dry in wooden boxes and are

,

it

ns;

Sll

':

■I

sat

I

Atw

~

r

¹ :

/I

.

2i_JT

3

^**“3

r"

\ m

■

y

y

~-^Sac -

i

:

%

■J#*: *

m

K

i

J

*

’

rr

■ :

m

---

■

■-L

i

%%

f.

iSSS

i

p

if"

$>7'

l

■

•;> -

■

^ . ■■

■ ' .

_ *

r

Cement Testing Laboratory — Detail View of Arrangement of Storage Tanks.

'

then sent by express to this laboratory. Upon receipt here a portion of every sample is taken and these portions are thoroughly mixed into a large general sample. From this mixed sample is taken the cement used in making the tests of fineness, setting qualities, soundness, specific gravity and analysis.

Fineness.—The tests for fineness consist of drying the sample and then weighing on a scale capable of weighing to one ten-thousandth part of a pound a certain amount of the cement. This is carefully sieved through standard sieves of 2,500 and 10,000 meshes to the square inch. The sieving is done by means of a mechanical sifter operated by electricity, but all tests are completed by hand sifting. The residue is weighed and the percentages thus obtained. Ninety-nine per cent of the cement must pass the 2,500 mesh sieve and 92 per cent must pass the 10,000 mesh sieve.

Setting qualities.—From the mixed sample enough is also taken to make a ball of paste for the mould of the Yicat apparatus and for three neat pats. This is mixed up into a paste of normal consistency by adding from 18 to 25 per cent, by weight, of water to Portland cements and from 28 to 33 per cent to natural cements. After being thoroughly troweled this paste is moulded into a ball and pressed into the inverted mould and the paste struck off even with the bottom of the mould. It is then turned over and the top struck off even. This is then placed in the moist-air cabinet and tested from time to time by the Yicat needle. To be accepted, Portland cements must not take an initial set in less than thirty minutes or natural cements in less than twenty minutes; Portland cements must not take a hard set in less than an hour or require more than ten hours to get hard set; natural cements must not take a hard set in less than thirty minutes or require more than three hours. The time is estimated from the moment of adding the water to the cement.

Soundness.—That cement paste which is left from the above test is moulded into three pats on glass plates about three inches by four inches in size. These pats are about one-half inch thick in the center and are drawn out to thin edges. As soon as made, the neat pats are placed in a moist-air cabinet and allowed to take their set. When the pats have hardened for twenty-four hours one is put in the steam of water at 212 degrees Fahr. for five hours. This is the “accelerated” or “hot-water” test; and if the pat, after being in the steam for five hours, shows no sign of blowing or cracking, it is reported as “good.” The other pats are given normal air and water tests by being kept respectively in air and water maintained at from 60 to 70 degrees Fahr.

Tensile strength—Mortar.—For the tests for tensile strength, each sample is gaged separately with its proper proportion of standard crushed quartz sand, one part of cement to three parts of sand, parts by weight. As each sample is thus gaged it is put into a small pan and each is kept in the order of its number, so that the samples will not lose their identity. Each separate sample of cement and sand is thoroughly mixed dry and then from 10 to 12 per cent by weight of water is added to Portland cements and from 11 to 13^ per cent by weight to natural cements. The percentage used is such as will give a stiff mortar, which will show up water when the trowel is drawn heavily over it. This mortar is thoroughly troweled and is then put into the moulds.

Briquettes.—The mould, which is of brass and of the standard form recommended by the American Society of Civil Engineers, is first filled with loose mortar and this is carefully compacted by pressing down with the thumbs protected by rubber gloves. More loose mortar is placed in the mould and is pressed down as before. This makes about three-quarters inch of mortar in the mould, having been placed in about three-eighths-inch layers. The top layer is placed by striking a further addition of loose mortar with the back of the trowel. The briquette is then struck off even with the top of the mould. Two briquettes are made from each sample.

Treatment.—As soon as made, the briquettes are placed upon plates of glass and are placed in the moist-air cabinet, care being taken to keep them in their order so as to still retain their identity. After the mortar has hardened, the briquettes are removed from the moulds and replaced in cabinet. Twenty-four hours after gaging they are marked with a number which is given to each briquette consecutively as each is made, and are immersed and kept in water maintained at a temperature of about 60 to 70 degrees Fahr.

Breaking.—On the seventh day after gaging, the first test for tensile strength is given, and twenty-one days later, or on the twenty-eighth day after gaging, the second briquette of each sample is broken for tensile strength. A Fairbanks cement testing machine is used to obtain these results. All the operations are so conducted that there is perfect uniformity in the treatment of all the samples.

Strength.—Portland cements, mixed as described, must show an average of at least 150 pounds per square inch in tensile strength in seven days and an average of at least 240 pounds per square inch in twenty-eight days. Natural cements, mixed as described, must show a tensile strength of an average of at least 40 pounds per square inch in seven days and an average of at least 100 pounds per square inch in twenty-eight days.

%, '<’

>•' -* ,:

>

r'

1

ii.

I

IC#

y

i

IM

¥

~Jk

r

K

\m

—* ““fet

1

*55 v

r*s

Cement Testing Laboratory — Section of Chemical Laboratory.

ifc

Neat briquettes.—Tests for tensile strength of neat briquettes are seldom made, as the practice of this department is to place the greater dependence upon the mortar tests. Whenever they are made, however, they are made and treated in a manner similar to that given mortar briquettes; excepting, of course, that a greater percentage of water is used—usually being about 1 per cent less than that used in gauging for the neat pats of that particular lot or brand. Neat briquettes of Portland cement, so made, must show an average of at least 500 pounds per square inch in tensile strength in seven days; and neat briquettes of natural cement, similarly made, must show an average of at least 150 pounds per square inch in tensile strength in seven days.

Analysis.—The method of analysis used in examination of cements is that recommended by the committee of the New York Section— Society for Chemical Industry.

Specific Gravity.—The tests for specific gravity are made as suggested by the American Society of Civil Engineers—the Le Chatelier apparatus being used as recommended.

Acceptance.—At the end of the seven-day tests, all results obtained on tests of samples of cement proposed for use on all works except the “Barge Canal” are submitted to Mr. Edmund F. Van Hoesen, Deputy State Engineer, while results for cement proposed for use of “ Barge Canal ” are submitted to Mr. Henry C. Allen, Special Deputy State Engineer, and if thought best, are held for the twenty-eight-day tests, the lots being accepted or rejected by him according as the results show that the cement passes or fails in the tests.

Our method of testing each sample separately for tensile strength has proven very satisfactory; in fact, by means of it, much poor cement has been discovered which would have stood the tests had all of the samples of the lot been blended. This method, however, makes necessary a larger equipment and a more complete system of operation than is necessary under the general method of testing a blended sample. The effort, however, is made to make and to maintain as complete a laboratory with as little expense as possible: but it is hoped that the laboratory and its results will be so complete as to be placed by experts as being among the best in the country.

The specifications for cement have been changed and follow closely those recommended by the American Society for Testing Materials—varying from them only in some minor details.

Very respectfully,

RUSSELL S. GREENMAN, Assistant Engineer in Charge of Cement Testing Laboratory.

Report of the Land Bureau of the. State Engineer’s Department.

Albany, October 1, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor:

Sir.—I have the honor to present herewith a report on the various matters pertaining to the Land Bureau of your Department for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905.

The Commissioners of the Land Office have applications for grants of land under water which are referred to this Department for examination and report; as are also a large number of miscellaneous matters relating to State lands. , These matters require careful inspection and naturally consume a great deal of time.

The maps and papers are examined to determine their correctness and proper form, both from an engineering standpoint and to insure their conformity to the rules and regulations of the Land Office, i In some cases it is also necessary to visit and inspect the locations of the proposed grants to decide as to the advisability of making the grants on the lines of the application, or, if necessary, to have them modified.

It is also at times deemed advisable to deny some of these applications on account of interference with navigation or with the rights of the public.

Some applications were contested or had remonstrances filed against them, and hearings have been necessary to determine the rights of the several interested parties and report the outcome to the Commissioners of the Land Office.

Maps are now being made in this Department for the use of the State Engineer and Surveyor and the Commissioners of the Land Office, which will show the lands under water adjacent to the shores of Columbia county that have been granted by the Commissioners. We now have finished maps of the counties of Richmond, Westchester, Kings, Queens, Nassau, Rockland, Orange, Ulster, Erie, Niagara, Albany, Greene and Dutchess, to be followed by Columbia.

These maps have all been brought up to date and are of great value for reference in adjusting land grants.

Thirty-five applications for grants of land under water were considered by this Department during the year; three were for railroad purposes, four were for purposes of commerce, and the remainder were for restricted beneficial enjoyment. The lands were in the following counties: Dutchess, Erie, Greene, Jefferson, Kings, Nassau, Queens, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland, Suffolk and Westchester.

The State Engineer and Surveyor has sold at public auction all of those unappropriated lands of the State which have been ordered to be sold by the Commissioners of the Land Office.

The records of the office show that there were held during the year sixteen public auctions, at which twenty-eight parcels of land were sold. The sum of $9,048.17 was realized therefrom.

On September 12 and 26 there was sold in New York City, not included in the above, some loan mortgage property which, when the sale is completed, will add some $69,000 to the above amount.

Of these lands twenty parcels were acquired through the Comptroller’s tax sales, five from foreclosure of loan mortgages, one from abandoned canal lands, and two from escheated or unappropriated lands. The lands are located in the following counties: Allegany, Chautauqua, Dutchess, Kings, Lewis, Monroe, Niagara, Oneida. Queens, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland and Tompkins.

There has been the usual amount of correspondence and answering of inquiries from surveyors, lawyers, and others on matters pertaining to the original maps and descriptions of the Colonial and early State surveys filed in this office. The answering of such inquiries often requires much time and study, as there are frequently more than one survey of the same land made at different times by various surveyors, and none should be overlooked. These maps become more valuable as time passes, and as a large part of them are very old and describe lines of tracts of land which have become, in many instances, the boundaries of towns and counties, the value of those records become still greater.

For better preserving these records they have been rearranged, placed in bound volumes and carefully indexed for convenience of reference.

That it is the proper method for the care of these valuable papers, and that it affords greater facility of finding particular papers with the certainty that none have been overlooked, has already been fully demonstrated.

Respectfully,

MERRITT PECKHAM, Jr., Assistant Engineer in Charge of Land Bureau.

Report of the Bureau of Bridges of the New York State Engineer’s Department.

Albany, N. Y., September 30, 1905. Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne. State Engineer and Surveyor:

Sir.—I have the honor to report as follows for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1905:

On October 1, 1904. the total force of the Bureau consisted of sixteen men. Since then there has been a loss of three and a gain of four, making the present total force of seventeen. During the year one bridge draftsman has been promoted to bridge designer and two junior bridge draftsmen have been promoted to bridge draftsmen. The force now consists of the Chief Bridge Designer, Assistant Chief Bridge Designer, five bridge designers, one mechanical engineer and draftsman, seven bridge draftsmen, one junior bridge draftsman and one laborer.

The plans, specifications and estimates of cost have been prepared and submitted to the State Engineer for the following described work:

Bridge over the Oswego canal and Seneca river at Cold Spring, Onondaga county, New York.

Span, 290 feet.

Width of plank roadway, 18 feet.

No sidewalks.

Contract price, $18,431.50.

The old bridge at this point consisted of three spans, supported by Whipple cast iron, arched trusses. A renewal of the bridge was made necessary by the dangerous condition of one of the piers, caused by the gradual failure of the supporting crib work. On account of the character of the old superstructure and because the depth of water was so great as to make the cost of a new pier excessive, it was found best to replace the entire structure by a new bridge of one span.

Lift-bridge over the Oswego canal at Willow street, Syracuse. (Chapter 600 of the laws of 1903.)

Span, face to face of towers, 78 feet, 7 inches.

Lift, 12 feet.

Width ofjplank roadway, 20 feet.

Width of each of two sidewalks, 5 feet.

Contract price, $13,259.20.

This bridge is of the counterweight, tower type. It is evenly balanced by counterweight and is operated in both directions by water-power by means of a cylinder placed underneath the roadway floor. Two bridges of this type, built within the past few years,— one by the State at Catharine street, Syracuse, and the other by the City of Syracuse, at Butternut street,—have given general satisfaction.

Plans and specifications have also been prepared for operating the inclined railway on the Niagara Reservation by electricity and for miscellaneous, minor structures.

All designs conform to the best engineering practice of to-day; the details have been kept as simple as possible and the cost of the work has been kept as low as is consistent with giving to all parts the proper degree of strength and durability.

About ninety-five per cent of the wrork in this Bureau during the past year consisted of the preparation of plans and specifications for structures to be built in connection with the improvement of the canals, as authorized by chapter 147 of the laws of 1903. These plans are described in the following paragraphs:

Lock-Gates.—Plans have been completed for steel-frame, wooden-miter lock-gates for 28-foot locks on contracts Nos. 10 and 12 and for the operating machinery therefor. Plans have been prepared for steel-miter lock-gates for 45-foot locks for contracts Nos. 2 and 12. Alternative plans have been prepared for steel, vertical-lift lock-gates for 45-foot locks on contract No. 2. Plans have also been prepared for steel guard-gates for 28-foot locks and studies have been made for various types of steel guard-gates of 50-foot span.

Movable Dams.—A movable crest has been designed and the plans made for a movable dam to be built at Clinton avenue, Whitehall. This crest will be built in one piece, 90 feet long and 8 feet high, and will be curved to a radius of 20 feet, the center being the pivot about which the crest rotates, when raised or lowered. Water-pressure does not, therefore, tend to move the crest. The weight of the crest will be balanced by counterweight and it can, therefore, be readily operated manually.

Plans have been completed for several movable dams of the type proposed by D. A. Watt, Expert Designer, and recommended by the Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers for use on the Mohawk river.

Needle-Dams.—Plans have been made for needle-dams to be built at ends of locks for widths of both 28 and 45 feet. These dams are for use whenever it is necessary to pump out the lock for repairs. In the design prepared by this Bureau the upper ends of the needles are held by a heavy, horizontal, steel-plate girder, which spans the entrance to the lock and which is swung back upon a pivot into a recess in one of the lock walls at all times when navigation is in progress.

Valves for Lock-Culvert.—After careful study of various types of valves for lock-culverts, a direct, vertical-lift valve has been adopted in preference to the sector valve mentioned in my last annual report, principally because of the much greater ease with which it can be lifted to the top of the lock wall for repairs. Plans have been prepared for such a valve for culverts 6 feet wide by 8 feet high, and plans for two other sizes have been begun. In this type, as developed by this Bureau, the water-pressure is at all times carried by the steel valve proper to four large steel wheels which travel on vertical tracks and the power required to open the valve is thus approximately less than one-fifth of what would be required, if the pressure were carried directly into the valve-seat without the intervention of -wheels.

Bridges.—Substructure and superstructure plans have been prepared for about thirty bridges. A new type of abutments for country bridges has been developed, consisting of two heavy, individual, concrete piers which support the trusses and which rest upon a heavy, concrete base. A reinforced-concrete approach-slab spans the distance from the piers to the approach-embankment which is allowed to take its natural slope from the end of the slab to the base of the piers. The embankment-end of the slab is supported by two concrete columns, which are carried to a firm foundation. This-type of abutment has been adopted for a bridge which is now under contract for construction across the Seneca river between the towns of Lysander and Salina at Cold Spring, Onondaga county, New York. Its cost is materially less than the cost of the solid abutment with wings, the saving often amounting to over 20 per cent. Its use is generally recommended for country bridges.

During the year this Bureau has inspected, as frequently as it is deemed necessary and whenever requested by the Division Engineers, all bridge structures in course of construction, and this Bureau has been fully satisfied at the time of the final acceptance of such structures that the work has been all done substantially in accordance with the plans and specifications.

The rolled-steel shafts, used for bridge structures, were rolled at several of the principal steel-mills of the United States and are manufactured into trusses, floor-beams, etc., at the shops of the various bridge companies. On account of the large expense attaching thereto, it has been impracticable for this Bureau to have men in its employ located at the mills and shops for the purpose of making the necessary mill and shop-inspection required by the specifications on what are comparatively small amounts of material. Such inspection has, therefore, been regularly made by a firm of inspecting engineers, appointed by the State Engineer and Surveyor. These engineers are able to make the inspection at low cost because their representatives inspect larger quantities of material for other purposes in connection with the materials inspected for the State. Reports of mill and shop-inspection are regularly received and upon receipt are carefully examined in detail and placed on file.

Shop-drawings of all structural steel and machinery for new State bridges are submitted by the contractors for approval before any shop-work is done. These drawings are carefully examined and are approved after having been corrected to conform with the requirements of the contract-drawings and specifications.

During the session of the Legislature, many approximate estimates of cost were made for various bridges and steel structures provided for by those bills which were referred to the State Engineer.

During the year nine existing bridges over the canals have been examined at the request of the Superintendent of Public Works. Reports as to the condition of these bridges, with recommendations as to necessary repairs, have been made to the State Engineer. Plans for strengthening existing bridges or for building new bridges over the canals, submitted to the Superintendent of Public Works by street-railway companies in connection with petitions for permission to cross the canal, have been carefully examined and reports made thereon to the State Engineer.

Under section 145 of chapter 568 of the Revised Statutes, many town officers throughout the State have made requests for the examination and approval of stress-sheets, shop-drawings, etc., for new bridges or for an examination of both old and new structures. Upon receipt of such request, examination has been made as promptly as possible. Stress-sheets for twenty-two bridges have been examined and reports made to the State Engineer. Shop-drawings for ten bridges have been examined and approved after the necessary corrections were made. Material and workmanship for bridge approaches have been inspected by the same firm of inspecting engineers which has performed the mill and shop-inspection for State bridges. Fourteen bridges, some new, some old, have been carefully examined in the field.

fc In connection with the approval of plans for new bridges, this Bureau has not only been able to require changes of minor importance, which have increased the strength and durability of the structures, but in several instances defects in construction, seriously impairing the safety of the bridges, have been discovered and corrected.

Requests for examination of town bridges are frequently made after the bridge is entirely completed, at which time it is impracticable to amend the contract-plans or specifications or to certify that the quality of the materials used is satisfactory. It is, therefore, often impossible to give unqualified approval to the completed structure. Far more satisfactory results are obtained when the town submits contract-plans and specifications for approval before the contract is signed. All town bridges of whatever span should be designed to conform in all respects to the best modern specifications and to carry in safety a steam road-roller rated at ten tons (actual weight when loaded 13 tons), unless the authorities of the town should, after due consideration, decide that for special reasons it is not necessary to build a structure capable of safely carrying so great a load. Provisions should also always be made for the mill-inspection of material and the shop-inspection of workmanship by some competent firm of inspecting engineers. To secure such a result, it is suggested as desirable that the highway law of the State be amended to require that, before contracts for new highway bridges are signed, the plans and specifications therefor shall be examined and approved by the State Engineer.

Constant effort has been made to do the work assigned to this Bureau with promptness and at as low a cost as is consistent therewith.

Respectfully submitted,

WILLIAM R. DAVIS,

Chief Bridge Designer.

REPORT

OF

Cooperation of United States Geological Survey

'!

WITH

STATE ENGINEER AND SURVEYOR

OF THE

STATE OF NEW YORK.

Co-operation of United States Geological Survey.

Department of the Interior,

United States Geological Survey.

Washington, D. C., December 21, 1905.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Sir.—I have the honor to make the following preliminary report of the results of the co-operative topographic survey of New York for the year 1905-6:

Allotments.

The terms of an agreement signed by us in May, 1904, providing for the continuation of the co-operative topographic survey of the State, were extended in a supplemental agreement signed by us to cover the year 1905-6. In this it was further agreed that the State of New York would expend for co-operative topographic surveying for the year ending June 30, 1906, a sum of not less than $600, providing the United States Geological Survey would expend an amount at least equal to the above. On behalf of this Survey I allotted $7,000 of funds to this co-operative work for the same period of time, in order that the important work in progress should not be summarily discontinued, and in the hope that the differences in allotment might be met by the State at such future time as the condition of legislative appropriations would permit.

Results.

Arrangements were perfected between yourself and Mr. H. M. Wilson, geographer, of this Survey, for the prosecution of this work, and from the expenditure of the funds a complete and accurate map has been made, for publication on the scale of 1: 62,500 with a contour interval of 20 feet, of 865 square miles of the area of the State, represented on the following four sheets, namely: Eden, in Erie and Cattaraugus counties; Port Leyden, in Lewis and Oneida counties; Sangerfield, in Madison, Otsego and Oneida counties; Winfield, in Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and Otsego counties. In the process of, this mapping 5 trigonometric points were located; there were 919. miles of spirit levels run, in the course of which 3,392 elevations and 35 permanent bench marks were established.

There were also run 658 linear miles of road traverse, every bend and every house being accurately located.

In connection with the preliminary work 164 square miles of mapping was completed on the Goshen (N. Y.-N. J.) and Loon Lake unfinished quadrangles, in Orange and Franklin counties; and considerable progress was made in preliminary work on the following, namely: Bath, in Steuben county; Cooperstown, in Delaware and Otsego counties; Delhi, in Delaware and Otsego counties; Mopticello, in Orange, Sullivan and Ulster counties; Port Jervis (N. Y.-N. J.-Pa.) in Orange county; and Potsdam, in St. Lawrence county. In the course of this work 752 trigonometric points were located, 45 miles of spirit levels were run, 581 elevations determined, and 1,229 linear miles of road traverse were run.

In co-operation with your State the resurvey of Niagara Falls crest line, on the scale of one inch to two hundred feet, was completed, and the results will be published in a special report to be prepared by one of the geologists of this Survey. During this work 85 trigonometric points were located.

Very respectfully,

CHAS. D. WALCOTT, Director.

CO-OPERATIVE TOPOGRAPHIC SURVEY OF THE STATE OF

NEW YORK.

Under an agreement signed by the Director of the United States Geological Survey and myself in May, 1904, provision was made for the co-operative topographic survey of the State, the terms of which were extended in a supplemental agreement signed by the Director of the United States Geological Survey and myself in June, 1905, to cover co-operation for the year 1905-6. In this it was further agreed that the State of New York would expend a sum of not less than $600, providing the United States Geological Survey would expend an amount at least equal to the above. On behalf of the Federal bureau the Director of the United States Geological Survey allotted $7,000 to this co-operative work.

RESUME OF RESULTS.

Mr. H. M. Wilson, geographer, in charge of the eastern division of topography of the United States Geological Survey, has continued to act in general charge of the field and office administration of the co-operative topographic survey of the State.

During the season of 1905 no primary control was extended over the area of the State. The results of the primary traverse and primary triangulation of the seasons of 1904, and some of 1903, have been computed in office and are published in an appendix attached hereto.

There were run 964 miles of spirit levels during the past season and the elevations of 3,973 points were determined, and 35 were permanently marked with bronze or aluminum tablets.

Topographic mapping was completed on four sheets, covering portions of the following seven counties, namely: Erie, Cattaraugus, Herkimer, Lewis, Madison, Oneida and Otsego. There were partially mapped eight other atlas sheets, covering portions of the following additional counties, namely: Delaware, Franklin, Orange, St. Lawrence, Steuben, Sullivan and Ulster. A total of 1,029 square miles of the area of the state was finally mapped during the season.

PLANS FOR SEASON OF 1905.

Before its adjournment in April the Legislature acted favorably upon an item in the supply bill continuing the co-operative topographic survey of the State and appropriating $20,000 for this purpose. The Director of the United States Geological Survey agreed to allot a similar sum, making the total funds then apparently available for work in the State, $40,000. Early in May plans were agreed upon in correspondence between Mr. Wilson and myself, whereby it was agreed that 15 atlas sheets should be completely mapped. In addition, preliminary work was to be undertaken upon 11 others. As this co-operative survey had been provided for without interruption during every year since 1892, and as the Legislature had made appropriation, it was deemed wise to proceed with plans for field work, organizing parties and commencing work on the funds available from the Federal survey, until such time as those of the State should become available. Seven parties were, therefore, placed in the field under the supervision of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, aided by six topographers and assistant topographers in charge of parties, and three topographic aids. There were employed in addition about twenty-five temporary assistants, including traverse-men, levelmen, etc. This force worked for about one month, when the State appropriation failed to receive the approval of the Governor. The geographer in charge immediately recalled the parties from the field, discharged all temporary men, and removed all of the permanent force from the State, excepting Messrs. J. H. Jennings and Glenn S. Smith, topographers. A large amount of valuable work had meantime been accomplished, considerable plane-tabling, preliminary leveling, traversing, and other preliminary work having been finished on several sheets, and the larger part of Loon Lake sheet in the Adirondacks, portions of Winfield, Sangerfield, and Eden sheets having been sketched. Under the circumstances the officers of the Federal survey felt that it would be unwise, because uneconomical, to leave so much valuable work incomplete, and they undertook to allot a sufficient sum of Federal money toward this work to permit of the completion of that which was most advanced.

The remodeled plans included the completion of the topographic mapping of Winfield, Sangerfield, Port Leyden, and Eden sheets by Messrs. Jennings and Smith, and that work was carried to successful completion by the close of the season.

PROGRESS TO DATE.

The tabular list of all atlas sheets mapped under co-operation and independent thereof, has been brought up to date and is again published herewith. Opposite the names of these various sheets are given their areas, the year of survey and the contour interval and scale. A number of these sheets cover portions of adjacent states, and for these only so much of the areas as lie within the borders of this state are given.

As the maps resulting from the co-operative topographic survey of the state are published by the United States Geological Survey at a nominal price, only sufficient to cover the expense of printing ink and paper, I have made no effort to issue a separate edition or to handle the sale of these sheets. They can be most conveniently procured by those who need them by sending the price, five cents per sheet, or three dollars per hundred, to the Director of the United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. C.

To the present time there have been surveyed and mapped 219 atlas sheets, representing the topography of 37,313 square miles, and 197 square miles on three partially mapped sheets.

There have been engraved and published 212 atlas sheets, covering an area of 33,950 square miles. The average cost of mapping to date has been $12.61. Out of a total outlay since the inception of this work, amounting to $472,736, the State has expended $210,875. With the expenditure of $12.61 per square mile, the outlay to the State ceases. The Federal bureau, however, bears the expense of engraving the maps, of printing them, and of the geologic and hydro-graphic surveys, which may be prosecuted after the publication of the topographic mapping. The area of the state still remaining to be mapped is 11,660 square miles, which will be represented on about 41 atlas sheets. Of this unmapped area all but 3,300 square miles is now controlled by triangulation and precise leveling and is ready for final topographic mapping.

RECOMMENDATIONS.

The making of a detailed topographic map of the great State of New York, with its 49,170 square miles of area, has advanced so far that it should not be discontinued after its successful, economic, and continuous prosecution during the past twelve years. Already too long a time has been spent upon this work because the appropriations have not always been of uniform size nor as large as the necessity of speedy completion demands. This topographic map is being published upon 260 separate atlas sheets of uniform dimensions. Of these, 204 have already been completed and only 56 remain to be surveyed. The total area mapped to date is 37,510 square miles, over 76 per cent, of the area of the state. The remaining 11,660 square miles should be mapped at the earliest possible date.

No more important work for the general benefit of all the people of a state has ever been undertaken. These maps furnish the basis upon which all plans for improvement of the public highways are prepared. They are of great use to the large corporate interests of the State in connection with the improvement and construction of railroads, extension of trolley lines, and similar works. They are essential in connection with investigations of water-supply of cities; the investigation of pollution of streams; of the conservation of the water-supplies and power of the state, and the preservation and utilization of its forest resources. They are an essential preliminary to the study and mapping of the economic mineral resources, including the vast quarry resources of the state. For these and various other reasons it is highly desirable that this work be resumed and continued to completion without further interruption.

To this end I earnestly recommend the enactment of legislation similar to that of the act of the Legislature in chapter 279, Laws of 1904, calling for an additional appropriation of from $20,000 to $30,000 for the continuation of this work.

PRIMARY CONTROL.

During the season of 1905 no primary control was in progress in the State of New York. During the season of 1904 Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, under the general supervision of Mr. S. S. Gannett, geographer, extended primary control by triangulation over por-

tions of Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and Otsego ^ counties, reoccupying three stations, from which five points were located. In an appendix hereto the positions of these stations are given on the United States Standard datum.

In 1904 Mr. E. L. McNair had charge of a party which extended control by primary traverse over portions of St. Lawrence, Erie, Lewis and Herkimer counties. These positions are given in an appendix attached to this report.

During the field season of 1905 Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, continued in supervisory charge of New York section of topography. Field work was commenced the latter part of April. Five parties were engaged in the survey of 12 quadrangles, 4 of which were completely mapped, 2 partially mapped preparatory to completion next year, and 6 partially controlled by plane-table triangulation and horizontal control. This work extended over Cattaraugus, Delaware, Erie, Franklin, Herkimer, Lewis, Madison, Oneida, Orange, Otsego, Steuben, Sullivan, St. Lawrence and Ulster counties.

Mr. Jennings had immediate supervision of parties which completed the following sheets, namely: with the assistance of Mr. Gilbert Young, assistant topographer, Eden, in Erie and Cattaraugus counties; with the assistance of Messrs. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, and J. I. Gayetty, assistant topographer, Port Leyden, in Lewis and Oneida counties, and Sangerfield, in Madison, Otsego and Oneida counties; with the assistance of Messrs. Glenn S. Smith and C. C. Bassett, topographers, Winfield, in Oneida, Otsego, Herkimer and Madison counties. In addition, with the assistance of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, and Mr. C. F. Hastings, field assistant, he obtained partial preliminary control for the Cooperstown quadrangle, in Delaware and Otsego counties.

Mr. Gilbert Woung, assistant topographer, in addition to assisting Mr. Jennings on the Eden quadrangle, had charge of a party which obtained plane-table control for the Bath quadrangle, in Steuben county. He did a little revision on the Westfield, Chautauqua county, engraved sheet, and assisted Mr. W. C. Hall, topographer, on the survey of the Niagara Falls crest line.

Mr. J. I. Gayetty, assistant topographer, in addition to assisting Mr. Jennings on Port Leyden quadrangle, had charge of a party which procured partial control for the Delhi quadrangle, in Delaware and Otsego counties.

Mr. W. 0. Tufts, assistant topographer, had charge of a party which partially mapped the Goshen quadrangle in Orange county. He also procured partial preliminary control for Monticello, in

Orange, Sullivan and Ulster counties, and for Port Jervis, in Orange county.

Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, in addition to assisting Mr. Jennings on the Port Leyden and Winfield quadrangles, had charge of a party which mapped over half of the Loon Lake quadrangle, in Franklin county, with the assistance of Messrs. F. Graff, Jr., A. P. Meade and L. E. Tucker. He also had charge of a party which procured horizontal control for the Potsdam quadrangle, in St. Lawrence county.

In addition to the above work, a party under the general supervision of Mr. W. C. Hall, topographer, with the assistance of Mr. Gilbert Young, assistant topographer, surveyed the crest line of Niagara Falls on a scale of 1 inch to 200 feet.

In addition to this work, 32 square miles were mapped over the edges of the above sheets which will be incorporated in future map work.

Cost

(field

only.)

$1,218 42

1,457 35 1,512 27

1,864 32 $6,052 36 $204 43

537 80 319 55 134 37

2,074 53 274 38

210 29 530 75

$4,286 10

$311 59

$8 73

* S9JIUI-0S J9AB J T

C5

295

233

658

143

553

220

313

1,229

LEVELS.

Spirit > Eleva-levels— [ tions— miles. number.

629

223

1m.

1,095

228

995

302

3,392

616

87

120

289

85

581

45

45

Bench marks— number.

15

35

Summary of Field Work, 1905.

uoquinu —suotjbooj

oxjjouio’uoSpx

•S8JILU 0JBnbS

adclBui Baay

•pa^JOAi

s^t?p jo jaqumhj

Topographers.

Sheets.

COUNTIES.

211

»o

187

187

192

140

46

752

85

216

219

219

865

50

114

164

W 0500    05

CO    lO

J. H. Jennings, G. Young.....j

J. H. Jennings, G. S. Smith, J.

L Gayetty................

J. H. Jennings...............

J. H. Jennings, G. S. Smith, C. C. Bassett.................

Eden.........

Port Leyden. .

Sangerfield...

Winfield......

Erie, Cattaraugus..........

Lewis, Oneida..............

Madison, Otsego, Oneida... . Herkimer, Madison, Oneida, Otsego..................

! vs

Oi    NlMCD    ooo

rH    (MC^H    CO rH

G. Young...................

J. H. Jennings, C. C. Bassett,

C. F. Hastings.............

J. I. Gayetty................

W. O. Tufts.................

G. S. Smith, F. Graff, Jr., A. P.

Meade, L. E. Tucker.......

W. O. Tufts.................

W. O. Tufts.................

G. S. Smith.................

Bath.........

Cooperstown..

Delhi.........

Goshen.......

Loon Lake....

Monticello....

Port Jervis.... Potsdam......

Totals completed sheets. . .

Steuben...................

Delaware, Otsego...........

Delaware, Otsego...........

Orange, N. Y., Sussex, N, J.. Franklin..................

Orange, Sullivan, Ulster... . Orange, N. Y., Sussex, N. J.,

Pike, Pa................

St. Lawrence..............

189

Totals uncompleted sheets.

Resurvey.

to 200 feet.... j W. C. Hall, G. Young

Revision.

Westfield

G. Young

Niagara Falls special, 1 inch]

SPIRIT LEVELING.

Nine parties ran spirit levels over the areas under survey. The purpose of this work was to determine elevations and establish bench marks upon which to base contour sketching of the areas mapped. During the past season 964 miles of levels were run, and 35 permanent bench marks were established. These levels are connected with mean sea level as datum at Sandy Plook through a system of precise levels. In an appendix herewith are given the descriptions and adjusted elevations of such bench marks as were established during the field season of 1904, and some that were not adjusted of the field season of 1903.

SECONDARY LOCATIONS.

Plane-table triangulation and road traverse for horizontal control were in progress during the field season of 1905, in connection with topographic mapping. The positions of 757 points were accurately determined by trigonometric methods, the elevations of which were ascertained in the same manner at the same time. In addition, 1,887 miles of road traverse were run, over which 651 were located by intersections.

WOODLANDS.

I stated in my last annual report that it was the purpose of the United States Geological Survey to publish hereafter a series of woodland maps, classifying the lands as wooded or cleared. After still further study and experiment, that Survey has now decided to publish wooded areas by an appropriate symbol upon all of its topographic maps. In other words, instead of considering the woodlands as a separate matter from the topographic mapping, it follows the precedent established by other governmental surveys, both American and foreign, and accepts woodlands as being as much a topographic feature as are roads, houses, streams, etc. It is, therefore, expected that all topographic maps hereafter published by this Survey will represent the distinction between ^wooded and cleared lands.

CLASSIFICATION OF ROADS.

In view of the marked impetus given in recent years to the improvement of public highways and the great and rapid increase in the mileage of such highways as are being macadamized or otherwise paved, the difficulties of distinguishing on the topographic maps such roads from dirt roads is now receiving careful consideration. Heretofore the topographic maps have distinguished two classes of roads;

namely, public roads, or those most traveled and in best condition, and private roads, including'those the surfaces or grades of which are in such bad condition that travel is slow and difficult upon them. To these two symbols it is proposed to add one distinguishing metaled roads from dirt roads.

No difficulty is experienced by the topographers in making the distinction on the ground, and no additional cost in the field work or office drafting is involved. Considerable difficulty is experienced in devising an appropriate symbol by which to represent such roads upon the maps without confusing them or rendering them less legible. Such a symbol must be of such kind that it can readily be extended, as road metaling extends, in such manner as will not deface or injure the copperplates on which the maps are engraved. It must also be of such kind that it becomes merely an addition to the symbols already engraved on copperplates for roads, otherwise all road symbols now upon existing copperplates would have to be removed. It is expected that no insuperable difficulties will be encountered, and that ultimately this additional information may be placed upon the maps, thus rendering them more valuable to this State, in which highway improvement is now being carried forward so vigorously.

OFFICE WORK, 1904-5.

The following is a summary of the office work of the computing division, showing the extent and arrangement of such computing for the primary triangulation, traverse, and the adjustment of spirit leveling executed during the past office season, and for the work of the preceding field season of 1904. This work was executed under the direction of Mr. S. S. Gannett, geographer, in charge of the section of computing and triangulation, and the names of the topographers engaged on such computing are given:

Computer.

Summary of Office Work in Computing, May 1, 1904, to April 30, 1905.

Level adjustment quadrangle.

Primary traverse.

Triangulation.

COUNTY.

(S. S. Gannett. iD. H, Baldwin. | C. A. Clunet.

L E. L. McNair.

E. L. McNair. D. H. Baldwin.

Goshen Port Jervis

( Computation of 2,251 lati- ) tudes and departures and > (    258 geographic positions. )

f Reduction'to center, station |    and    figure    adjustments,

i    final    computation of    dis-

I    tances, and    geodetic    posi-

(.    tions.....................

Erie.........

Lewis........

St. Lawrence

Herkimer I Oneida.. f

Orange

All the atlas sheets completely mapped during the field season of 1904 were drawn up during the office season of 1904-5, and were turned over to the engraver for publication. Those remaining in the hands of the engraver are the following 14 sheets, representing a land area of 2,749 square miles:

SHEET NAME.

Counties.

Area-

square

miles.

Angelica......

Attica........

Brier Hill.....

Clymer.......

Depew.......

Ellen ville.....

• Highmarket...

Kasoag.......

Lake Pleasant

Massena......

Mexico.......

Piseco Lake... Red Mills.... Tupper Lake..

Allegany............_...........

Genesee, Erie, Wyoming.........

St. Lawrence...................

Chautauqua....................

Erie...........................

Ulster, Sullivan, Orange.........

Lewis.........................

Oswego, Oneida, Lewis..........

Hamilton......................

St. Lawrence...................

Oswego, Onondaga..............

Fulton, Herkimer, Hamilton.....

St. Lawrence...................

Franklin, Hamilton, St. Lawrence

220.78 219.04 100.00 221.65 219.04 223.36 216.40 217.28 217.28 209.00 217.28 217.28 36.00 214.61

2,749.00

All the atlas sheets completely mapped in 1903-4 have been engraved and published.

Atlas Sheets Engraved and Published.

The following 11 atlas sheets have been completed by the engraving division of the United States Geological Survey since the publication of my last annual report, thus making the total number of atlas sheets engraved and published 212, covering an area of 33,950 square miles, all within the borders of the State:

SHEET NAME.

Counties.

Area— square miles.

Jamestown.............

Nineveh...............

Nunda................

Ogdensburg............

Orwell.................

Oxford................

Portdge....._..........

Slide Mountain.........

Taberg................

Waddington...........

Watkins Glen (N. Y.-Pa ) a...............

Chautauqua, Cattaraugus......

Broome, Chenango............

Allegany, Livingston, Wyoming

St. Lawrence.................

Jefferson, Lewis, Oswego.......

Chenango....................

Allegany, Livingston, Wyoming Ulster, Sulli

Lewis, Oneida.....................................

St. Lawrence......................................

Chemung, Schuyler, Steuben, Yates, Tioga, Tompkins, N. Y., Tioga, Bradford, Pa. (883.10 square miles).....

van

221.65 221.65 219.91 206.00 216.40 220.78 219.91 222.50 217.28 136.00

2,102 08

a Elmira, Ithaca, Watkins and Waverly sheets, on scrle of 1:62,500, have been reduced to form Watkins Glen sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

TOPOGRAPHIC ATLAS. SHEETS MAPPED PRIOR TO AND SINCE CO-OPERATION.

The following is a complete list of all topographic atlas sheets mapped prior to co-operation with the State by the United States Geological Survey, and also those mapped since co-operation. It is arranged alphabetically by sheet names. Its essential feature is that it shows the exact area mapped upon any sheet within the state in cases where the sheet overlaps one or more states. The total area mapped to date is summed up.

The total areas given in the following table include land areas only. They do not include large bodies of water bordering on political boundaries or the open ocean, but do include all rivers and smaller lakes. The measurement closely follows necks or straits less than 1,000 feet in width. For example, the area of Long Island sound is excluded, though the State boundary between Connecticut and New York is near the middle of its channel, and legally the two States jointly control its waters.

List of New York State Topographical Atlas Sheets Mapped to November, 1905.

ATLAS SHEETS.

Area

mapped.

Year.

Original

survey.

Contour

interval.

Scales.

Resurvey or revision.

New York.

219.91

1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62, 500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500

a Albany and vicinity includes Albany, Cohoes, Schenectady and Troy sheets. b Berlin and Hoosick sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Taconic, on scale of 1:125,000.

c New York City and vicinity includes Brooklyn, Harlem, Paterson, Staten Island andjparts of Hempstead, Oyster Bay and Sandy Hook sheets.

i Niagara River and vicinity includes parts of Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Tonawanda sheets, j Babylon, Fire Island, Setauket and Northport sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Islip sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

Albany a.......................

Albany and vicinity a (877.91)... .

Albion.........................

Alexandria Bay.................

Amsterdam..................

Apalachin......................

Attica.........................

Auburn........................

Ausable........................

Babylon j.....................

Baldwinsville...................

Batavia.......................

Belfast.......................

Berlin (N. Y.-Mass.-Vt.) b.......

Berne........................

Big Moose.....................

Binghamton...................

Blue Mountain.................

Bolton........................

Boonville.....................

Brier Hill.....................

Broadalbin....................

Brockport.....................

Brooklyn c....................

Buffalo. (N Y.-Canada) i........

218.16

134.26

219.04

221.65

219.04

219.04

213.72

125.00

218.16

219.04

220.78

167.25

219.91

215.51

221.65

215.51

216.40

217.28

100.00

218.16

218.16

171.00

140.61

1892

1893 1896 1900 1893

1901

1904

1896

1893

1901

1898

1902

1904

1888

1900

1901

1901

1900

1895

1901

1904

1899

1897

1889

1893

1897

1900

20

20

JO

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

jo

20

20

20

20

jo

20

JO

20

20

20

20

20

List of New York State Topographical Atlas Sheets Mapped to November, 1905—(Continued).

ATLAS SHEETS.

Area

mapped.

Year.

Original Resurvey survey, or revision.

Contour

interval.

Scales.

•S    : : § : : i

I    : :SU U

8 :>> :    g >    . _

w    : : : :    : j : : : : : • : :    i > :■§ ; : : : : ;    : :-g

Ci

o-

a>

9

pLi

gslsSSllsssslsSlssssIssssllKSslIlllIil-Pplppipps sSsssIs

ooSS5»oo5Soo5ooS®oo5oo<x®5ococSocDOoSoo®5QoooQo5QoScD!00g<*gooaogooc»gcocgoogc»oooo®oo<o

1898

1901

1897

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

rm parts of

a Albany and vicinity includes Albany, Cohoes, Schenectady and Troy sheets. b Berlin and Hoosick sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and fo Taconic, on scale of 1:125,000.

c New York City and vicinity includes Brooklyn, Harlem, Paterson, Staten Island and parts of Hempstead, Oyster Bay and Sandy Hook sheets.

h Cambridge, Fort Ann and Pawlet sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Mettawee, on scale of 1:125,000.

j Babylon, Fire Island, Setauket and Northport sheets, on scale of 1:62.500, have been reduced and form Islip sheet on scale of 1:125.000.

I Cornwall sheet, on scale of 1:62,500, has been reduced and forms part of Litchfield sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

m Elmira, Ithaca, Watkins and Waverly sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Watkins Glen, on scale of 1:125,000.

List of New York State Topographical Atlas Sheets Mapped to November, 1905—(Continued).

EATLAS SHEETS.

Area

mapped.

Yeah.

Original Resurvey survey, or revision.

Contour

interval.

Scales.

New York—(Continued.) Housatonic (Mass.-Conn.-N. .Y.)

d (99.67).....................

Indian Lake....................

Islip j (565.90)..................

Ithaca m.......................

Jamestown.....................

Kaaterskill.....................

Kasoag........................

Kinderhook....................

Lake Placid....................

Lake Pleasant..................

Lassellsville....................

Lisbon..........................

Litchfield (Conn.-N. Y.) I (1-82). .

Little Falls.....................

Lockport e.....................

Long Lake.....................

Luzerne........................

Macedon.......................

Margaretville...................

Massena.......................

Medina........................

Mettawee (N. Y.-Vt.) h (420.87). .

Mexico........................

Millbrook (N. Y.-Conn.).........

Montauk.......................

Mooers........................

Moravia.......................

Moriches.......................

Morrisville.....................

Mount Marcy...................

N aples.........................

Navesink (N. Y.-N. J.) k.........

New Brunswick (N. J.-N. Y.) k (.10)

Newburg.......................

Newcomb......................

New London (Conn.-N. Y.)......

New York City and vicinity

(N. Y.-N. J.) c................

Niagara e (623.51)..............

Niagara Falls (N. Y.-Canada) e f i..

Niagara Falls and vicinity e f.....

N iagara River and vicinity i......,

Nineveh.......................

North Creek....................

Northport j....................

Norwalk (Conn.-N. Y.)..........

Norwich.......................

Nunda.........................

Oak Orchard.................

Ogdensburg....................

Olcott e........................

216.40

220.78 221.65 221.65 217.28 220.78 213.72 217.28 218.16 !

218.16

218.16

214.61

217.28

236.86

221.65

209.00

218.16

217.28

219.50

19.00

216.21

219.91

203.00

219.04

214.61

219.91

:;o

223.36

215.51

.33

43.49

221.65

216.40

170.00

.91

219.91

219.91

106.00

206.00

92.90

1888

1897

1902

1893

1903 1892

1904

1900

1894 1904

1901 1904 1890

1898 1896

1902    | 1900 j 1898

1901

1904

1896

1894

1904

1899

1903

1893

1903

1899

1892

1900

1885

1885

1900

1896

1890

1899

1896

1893

1900

1900

1903

1895

1901

1890

1900

1903

1896

1904

1896

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

1:125,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

'1:62,566 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500 1:62,500

d Pittsfield and Sheffield sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Housatonic, on scale of 1:125,000.

e Lockport, Niagara Falls, Olcott, Tonawanda, and Wilson sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Niagara, on scale of 1:125,000.

f Niagara Falls and vicinity includes Niagara Falls, Tonawanda and Wilson sheets. h Cambridge, Fort Ann and Pawlet sheets, on scale of 1:62,500 have been reduced and form parts of Mettawee, on scale of 1:125,000.

i Niagara River and vicinity’in eludes parts of Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Tonawanda sheets. j Babylon, Fire Island, Setauket and Northport sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Islip sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

k New Brunswick and Sandy Hook sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Navesink sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

I Cornwall sheet, on scale of 1:62,500, has been reduced and forms part of Litchfield sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

m Elmira, Ithaca, Watkins and Waverly sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Watkins Glen, on scale of 1:125,000,

List of New York State Topographical Atlas Sheets Mapped to November, 1905—(Continued).

ATLAS SHEETS.

Area

mapped.

Year.

Original

survey.

Resurvey or revision.

Contour

interval.

Scales.

New York—(Continued.)

Old Forge......................

Olean..........................

Oneida........................

Ontario Beach..................

Oriskany.......................

Orwell.........................

Oswego........................

Ovid..........................

Owego (N. Y.-Pa.)..............

. Oyster Bay (N. Y.-Conn.) c......

Palmyra.......................

Paradox Lake..................

Passaic (N. J.-N. Y.) g (99.56)... .

Paterson (N. J.-N. Y.) eg........

Pawlet (Vt.-N. Y.) h............

Penn Yan......................

Phelps.........................

Phoenicia......................

Piseco Lake....................

Pitcher........................

Pittsfield (Mass.-N. Y.) d.........

Plainfield (N. J.-N. Y.)..........

Plattsburg (N. Y.-Vt.)...........

Port Henry (N. Y.-Vt.)..........

Port Leyden....................

Poughkeepsie...................

Pulaski........................

Pultneyville....................

Ramapo (N. J.-N. Y.)...........

Raquette Lake.................

Remsen........................

Rhinebeck..................

Richfield Springs................

Richmondville..................

Ridgeway......................

Riverhead......................

Rochester......................

Rosendale.......................

Rouse’s Point (N. Y.-Vt.)........

Sackett’s Harbor................

Sag Harbor....................

Salamanca.....................

Sandy Hook c k (.20)............

Sangerfield.....................

Santanoni......................

Saranac........................

Saratoga.......................

Schenectady a..................

Schoharie......................

Schroon Lake...................

Schunemunk...................

Schuylerville...................

Iheffield (Mass.'-Conn.-N. Yd.

Shelter Island..................

Silver Creek....................

Skaneateles....................

216.40

221.65

218.16

25.50

218.16

216.40

139.80

219.91

221.65

157.08

218.16

215.51

1.60

.18

219.91 219.04 | 221.65 : 217.28 219.91 ; 85.27

110.00

90.40

216.40 223.36 I 178.00

29.00

136.40    | 215.51 217.28 222.50 219.04 219.91 110.00 147.00 218.16 222.50 ; 124.01 i 180.00 I

82.00 i 221.65

219.04 ! 214.61 j 213.72 218.16 219.04 219.91 215.51 224.21 218.16 185.90 14.40 62.00 72.00 I 219.04 ]

1897

1896

1893

1894

1893

1903

1898

1899

1900

1897

1899

1895 1897 1889

1894

1900

1899

1900

1904

1901

1888

1887 1893 1892 1905

1892

1893

1898

1888

1899 1897

1894

1900

1902 1896

1903 1893

1901

1893 | 1893 1903 ! 1897 1884 1905 •

1901

1902 : 1899 ! 1892

1898

1895

1899 1898

1902 1885 j

1903 1898

1896    !

1898

1897

1898

1899

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

•Jo

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

Jo

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

JO

20

20

20

20

20 I

10

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20 i

20

20

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

a Albany and vicinity includes Albany, Cohoes, Schenectady and Troy sheets, c New York City and vicinity includes Brooklyn, Harlem, Paterson, Staten Island and parts of Hempstead, Oyster Bay and Sandy Hook sheets.

d Pittsfield and Sheffield sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Housatonic, on scale of 1:125,000.

g Paterson and Staten Island sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Passaic, on scale of 1:125,000.

h Cambridge, Fort Ann and Pawlet sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Mettawee, on scale of 1:125,000.

j Babylon, Fire Island, Setauket and Northport sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Tslip sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

k New Brunswick and Sandy Hook sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Navesink sheet, on scale of 1:125,000.

List op New York State Topographical Atlas Sheets Mapped to November, 1905—(Concluded).

ATLAS SHEETS.

Area

mapped.

Yeak.

Original

survey.

Resurvey or revision.

Contour

interval.

Scales.

New York—(Concluded.)

Slide Mountain..................

Sodus Bay.....................

St. Regis.......................

Stamford (Conn.-N. Y.)..........

Staten Island (N. J.-N. Y.) eg.... Stonington (Conn.-R. I.-N. Y.).. ..

Stony Island...................

Syracuse.......................

Taberg........................

Taconic (N.Y.-Mass.-Vt.)6(360.72)

Tarrytown (N. Y.-N. J.)...........

Theresa........................

Thirteenth Lake................

Ticonderoga (N. Y.-Vt.).........

Tonawanda e f i................

Troy a.........................

Tully..........................

Tupper JLake...................

Utica..........................

Waddington....................

Watertown.....................

Watkins k......................

Watkins Glen k.................

Waverly k.....................

Wayland.......................

Weedsport.....................

West Canada Lakes.............

West Point.....................

Westfield......................

Whitehall (N. Y.-Vt.)............

Willsboro (N. Y.-Vt.)............

Wilmurt.......................

Wilson e f......................

Winfield.......................

222.50 39.69 2L3.72 112.95 97.47 4.50 29.00 218.16 217.28

218.36

214.61

216.40

94.50

218.16

219.91

219.04

214.61

218.16

136.00

215.51

220.78

221.65 219.91 218.16 216.40 224.21 73.00 151.00 157.02 217.28 50.80 219.04

1903

1899

1903

1890

1889

1888

1893

1893

1903

1896

1890

1900

1896

1894

1893

1891

1897 1904 1896

1904 1893

1898

1905

1899 1902 1899 1898

1891

1898

1893

1893

1898

1893

1905

1897

1901

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

10

20

20

20

20

20

20

2"

20

20

20

20

40

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

20

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:125,000

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

.1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

Goshen (N. Y.-N. J.)......

Loon Lake...............

Stony Creek..............

Total................

In process of mapping.

50.00    ........

137.00    ........

10.00 ........

20

2o

20

1:62,500

1:62,500

1:62,500

37,509.75

TRIANGULATION STATIONS

Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and Otsego Counties.

Sanger field and Winfield Quadrangles.

In July, 1904, Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, controlled by triangulation the above mentioned quadrangles, by reoccupying

■ 'ii

a Albany and vicinity includes Albany, Cohoes, Schenectady and Troy sheets. b Berlin and Hoosick sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Taconic, scale of 1:125,000.

cNew York City and vicinity includes Brooklyn, Harlem, Paterson, Staten Island and parts of Hempstead, Oyster Bay and Sandy Hook sheets.

c Lockport, Niagara Falls, Olcott, Tonawanda and Wilson sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Niagara, on scale of 1:125,000.

f Niagara Falls and vicinity includes Niagara Falls, Tonawanda and Wilson sheets. g Paterson and Staten Island sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form parts of Passaic, on scale of 1:125,000.

i Niagara River and vicinity includes parts of Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Tonawanda sheets. k Elmira, Ithaca, Watkins and Waverly sheets, on scale of 1:62,500, have been reduced and form Watkins Glen, on scale of 1:125,000

Litchfield, Plainfield and Tassel stations, from which he located 5 new points. Positions are given on United States Standard datum.

Herkimer County.

(Not occupied.)

Armstrong.—On a bare hill about 2 miles north of Plainfield Center. Station mark: A lone elm tree.

Latitude, 42° 50' 55.48". Longitude, 75° 09' 36.31".

Log. dist-meters.

To station.

Back azimuth.

Plainfield

Owen

208 14 23 95 44 20

3.67382

3.69171

Litchfield.—Situated in Litchfield Township, 0.5 mile north of Jerusalem Church on a cultivated bare hill owned by H. Wheelock.

P Station mark: A stone post 30 by 8 by 6 inches, set 28 inches in the ground, in the center of top of which is cemented a bronze tri-angulation tablet.

Latitude, 42° 59' 05.65". Longitude, 75° 08' 44.17".

To station.

Azimuth.

Back azimuth.

Log. dist. meters.

Plainfield Tassel.. . . Schuyler. Owen

10 03 14.58 70 59 03.1 186 52 09.4 346 38 19.77

190 01 32.16 250 52 03.1 6 53 21.2 166 40 10.98

4.2918677

4.1696687

4.2975436

4.2054577

McCarty.—(Not occupied). On a bare hill about 2 of Wingfield.

Station mark: A pile of rock.

Latitude, 42° 52' 07.91". Longitude, 75° 08' 01.24".

To station.

Plainfield......

Owen.........

miles south

Back azimuth.

214 28 34 134 55 41

Log. dist. meters.

3.88961

3.58656

Madison County.

ft

Brookfield.—On a bare hill in town of Brookfield, about 2 miles south of North Brookfield, on land owned by C. F. York. Four feet west of fence between Joseph Ritz and C. F. York, and 34 feet north of corner between Joseph Ritz and Alonzo York. f Station mark: A marble post 20 by 6 by 6 inches, set 19 inches in ground, resting on solid rock. In the top is cemented a bronze triangulation tablet.

Sub-surface mark: An inch drill hole 3 inches deep, in which are placed 7 ten penny wire nails.

Reference mark: Elm tree about 15 inches in diameter, true azimuth 307° 00', distant 9.25 feet.

Latitude, 42° 49' 36.51". Longitude, 75° 23' 49.40".

To station.

Azimuth.

Back azimuth.

Log. dist. meters.

Madison.. Tassel.... Owen. . . . Plainfield

150 56 44.9 207 13 05.99 265 18 47.35 275 39 26.87

330 54 38.8 27 16 22.61 85 30 53.86 95 47 59.87

3.93743

4.1559903

4.3864292

4.2353386

Madison— On a bare hill in Madison Township, about 5 miles southeast of Waterville, on land owned by M. T. M. Mason.

Station mark: An iron bench mark post set 27 inches in the ground, resting on solid rock.

Sub-surface mark: An inch hole H inches deep, in which are placed 4 twenty penny spikes.

Reference marks: 1.—A drill hole 1 inch in diameter and 3 inches deep in surface boulder beside north and south fence running over hill; true azimuth 210° 12', distant 22.85 feet. 2.—A drill hole 1 inch in diameter, 3 inches deep in surface boulder along same fence; true azimuth 348° 39', distant 119 feet.

Latitude, 42° 53' 41.75". Longitude, 75° 26' 54.71".

Azimuth.

o in

244 18 15.8 330 54 38.8

To station.

Tassel.....

Brookfield

Back azimuth.

Log. dist. meters.

64 23 38.7 150 56 44.9

4.07671

3.93743

Oneida County.

Tassel.—A station of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey and of the New York State Survey, in Marshall Township, 5 miles east of Waterville.

Station mark: A granite post 48 by 6 by 6 inches, set 44 inches in the ground and marked “ N. Y. S. S. 29."

Latitude, 42° 56'29.13". Longitude, 75° 19'00.48".

To station.

Azimuth.

Back azimuth.

Log. dist. meters.

Brookfield.. Madison Schuyler.... Litchfield.. .

Owen......

Plainfield...

27 16 22.61 64 23 38.7 213 34 46.8 250 52 03.1 301 17 51.88 323 46 06.78

207 13 05.99 244 18 15.8 33 42 59.6 70 59 03.1 121 26 42.52 143 51 23.75

4.1559903

4.07671

4.4692854

4.1696687

4.3163701

4.2530268

Otsego County.

Oiven.—On a prominent bare hill 5 miles west of Richfield Springs, on land of Robert J. Owen, who lives in New York City.

Station mark: A marble post 20 by 6 by 6 inches, set 16 inches in ground, resting on solid rock. In top is cemented a bronze triangulation tablet.

Sub-surface mark: An inch hole drilled 3 inches deep directly under station mark, with two nails placed in it.

Reference marks: 1.—A drill hole 1 inch in diameter and 1 inch deep in surface boulder; true azimuth 37° 42', distant 87.3 feet. 2.—A drill hole 1 inch in diameter and 1 inch deep in surface boulder; true azimuth 102° 54', distant 63 feet.

Latitude, 42° 50' 39.60". Longitude, 75° 06' 00.84".

Log. dist. meters.

To station.

Azimuth.

Back azimuth.

Plainfield.. Brookfield. Armstrong

Tassel.....

McCarty... Litchfield..

62 48 24.17 85 30 53.86 95 44 20 121 26 42.52 134 55 41 166 40 10.98

242 44 50.86 265 18 47.35

301 17 51.88

346 19 77

3.9039243

4.3864292

3.69171

4.3163701

3.58656

4.2054577

Plainfield.—On a bald ridge owned by J. J. Roberts, in town of Plainfield, 1.5 miles south of Plainfield Center.

Station mark: A bluestone post 36 by 6 by 6 inches. set 22 inches in the ground and resting on solid rock. In the center of top of post is cemented a bronze triangulation tablet.

Latitude, 42° 48' 40.77". Longitude, 75° 11' 14.64".

To station.

Azimuth.

Back azimuth.

Log. dist. meters.

Brookfield.

Tassel.....

Litchfield.. Armstrong. McCurty.. . Owen.....

95 47 59.87 143 51 23.75 190 01 32.16 208 14 23 214 28 34 242 44 50.86

275 39 26.87 323 46 06.78 10 03 14.58

62 48 24.17

4.2363386

4.2530268

4.2918677

3.67382

3.88961

3.9039243

PRIMARY TRAVERSE.

Erie County.

*    Eden Quadrangle.

The following geographic positions were determined from primary traverse by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in 1904.

The line starts at Hamburg triangulation station, United States Lake Survey, follows highways eastward to Orchard Park, and is connected with point at that place located by primary traverse in 1903. The line then follows highways along the eastern, southern and western borders of the quadrangle and is tied to Sturgeon Point triangulation station, United States Lake Survey. Another line crosses the quadrangle from west to east connecting with Shefflin and Richmond triangulation stations of the United States Geological Survey. Positions are given on the United States Standard datum.

Geographic positions along highways.

Station.

Hamburg triangulation station, U. S. Lake Survey, in Hamburg ' °    '

township about 7 miles south of Buffalo, 2 miles northeast of Hamburg railway station and 0.7 mile northwest of Bay View Hotel, 50 feet from edge of bluff. Station mark: A stone post 30 by 6 by 6 inches, set 28 inches in ground. Reference marks:

A stone post S. 12° 14' E., 18.13 meters distant. A stone post N. 64° 32' E., 42.5 meters distant........

Latitude.

Longitude.

16

4*.

Four corners..............................................

Big Tree Inn, Four corners..................................

Four corners..............................................

Four corners..............................................

Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg crossing.....................

Orchard Park, four corners..................................

Orchard Park, Briggs Bros, brick store; aluminum bench mark

tablet stamped “elevation 868 feet”......................

Orchard Parle, 1 mile south of; four corners...................

Four corners..............................................

Big Gulf, center of bridge over..............................

Four corners..............................................

Forks of road at foot of hill.................................

Boston Center (Patchin post-office)..........................

T corners, road west.......................................

Boston Corners (Boston post-office), in triangular grass plot, between roads, iron post set 44 inches in ground and stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta. 61.” Reference marks: to southeast cor-corner of Mrs. Chas. Demmerly’s house, true azimuth 118°, distance 78.3 feet; to northwest, corner of Boston Hotel, azimuth 313° 19', distance 130.5 feet. To northwest corner

Iroquois Hotel, azimuth 329° 39', distance 102.5 feet..........

Road north; 300 feet northwest of residence of Felix Cusline......

Brigham’s cheese factory, four corners, 170 feet south of........

Frank Peffer, in road opposite mail box in front of house.......

Three corners, 200 feet south of house of Wm. Geiger...........

Nye, (Wm.); in road opposite house of.......................

Woodwards Hollow, or Wyandale............................

Murdock, (D. W.); road west at house of.....................

Nichole, four corners.......................................

Mortons, four corners...... ...............................

Mortons, four corners, 500 feet west of, iron bench mark post set 42 : inches in ground and stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta. 134”; reference marks: Corner of house of Mrs. Martha Schabehorn, azimuth 120° 13', distance 106 feet: corner of house of Mrs. Helen Briggs, azimuth 245° 20', distance 77.6 feet: corner of house of Mrs.

Emily Sampson, azimuth 301° 34', distance 151.1 feet.........

Forks of road.............................................

Four corners..............................................

Road north...............................................

Four corners, 0.5 mile east of house of H. T. Brown.............

Collins Center, 1 mile north of; 2 feet from northwest corner of porch of house of Mr. C. P. Naegle; iron bench mark post

stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta.”..............................

Four corners..............................................

Forks of road...................................'...........

Four corners at Frank Sissenson, Quaker St...................

Lawton station, four corners, 1 mile south of..................

Four corners, 260 feet east of Indian reservation line............

Schoos, four corn

Versailles, 1 mile north of; four corners on Indian reservation. . .

Iroquois, Indian Orphan Asylum, in southeast corner of brick

school; bronze triangulation tablet stamped “Prim Trav. Sta.” 42 32 19.1

Pierces, three corners, at house of S. J. Pierce.................. 42 32 37.1

Road east.............................................. . . 42 33 49.9

Mr. Gowans, T corners north, south and west...................

Sydney Clark’s house, four corners, school district No. 10......

Derby post-office, four corners, 775 feet east of................

East Evans, four corners.....................................

Four corners.................................................

Sturgeon Point triangulation station, U. S. Lake Survey, in Evans township at extreme end of Sturgeon Point, 3 miles northwest of Angola, 3 miles west of Derby, at east end of road leading from Derby to Lake shore. Station mark: A stone post 36 by 6 by 6 inches, set 32 inches in ground. Reference marks: A stone post N. 45° 52' E., distance 32.75 meters. A stone post N. 75°

03' E., distance 5.5 meters. ...............................

46

46

15

45

46

46

15

43

4::

41

40

39

42 37 43.1 42 37 02.8 42 36 33.1 42 35 27.4 42 35 16.8 42 34 12.6 42 33 18.7 42 32 13.8 42 31 18.4 42 30 40.3

42 30 40. 42 30 41. 42 30 41. 42 30 39. 42 30 38.

C5MOOOt

00 05 05 CO Cl rH o CO CO C5 C5 iO iO

HOONCOlO^ Tf Tjf Tf Tfi IO ^ ^ lO Tjf ^ T}f Ttl

oo oo oo go oo oc go oo oo oo oo oo oc oc oc 1>

78 44 17.8 78 45 26.2 78 46 10.7 78 46 21.5 78 46 52.4 78 46 08.8 78 45 58.2 78 45 41.0 78 45 56.9 78 45 55.8

CCNXOO

lO

CO 00 00 GO GO

C5 O' CO 4*-

ers

42 30 36.8 42 30 37.3 42 30 37.0 42 31 12.7 42 31 10.7 42 31 12.7 42 30 00.4 42 31 57.5

42 38 29.2 42 39 08.7 42 40 42.0 42 40 59.4 42 40 59.6

co 2 oo 3 oo 3o oo co cococoooo ooooooooSSSS °O00<:j1Q0§00OOC>OO§    § §> ^5 §5 2 CO S

-^tOOO<oCntOOOQOOC54^WCO tO>-‘C5tSC5C50--:l

Geographic positions along highways between Sheflin triangulation station and New Oregon.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Sheflin triangulation station, in town of Evans, 2 miles southeast ⁰    '

of Angola railroad station, 250 feet north of Brant line of road,

0.25 mile east of north and south road, on highest ground in pasture owned by Jacob Sheflin. Station mark. A stone monument 48 by 6 by 6 inches, set 44 inches in ground, having in center of top of post a copper bolt stamped “459 N. Y.”...

Road south..............................................

Four corners.............................................

Road south..............................................

T corners, at house of H. R. Hibbards............_...........

North Collins, 0.25 mile north of Erie railway crossing.........

Four corners, at farm of Mrs. Eunice Rog Taber cheese factory, four corners......

Richmond triangulation station, in North Collins, 1.5 miles west of Langford, on land owned by Nathaniel Richmond just north of main east and west road, 225 feet north of house of Charles Cook, 10 feet northeast of old well. Station mark: A stone post 48 by 6 by 6 inches, set 44 inches in ground, having in centerof top of post a copper bolt stamped “U. S. G. S. 458

Four corners, at schoolhouse.....................

Langford, four corners..........................

New Oregon, four corners.......................

. 42 36 38. . 42 36 33. . 42 36 33. . 42 36 32. . 42 36 31. . 42 35 55. . 42 35 55. . 42 35 15.

79 00 30.25 78 59 17.7 78 58 24.5 78 57 27.2 78 56 18.6 78 56 05 8 78 54 03.1 78 54 03.5

42 35 16.2 42 35 14.3 42 35 14.2 42 35 17.8

78 52 37.2 78 52 18.5 78 50 31.7 78 47 31.3

Herkimer and Lewis Counties.

McKeever Quadrangle.

The following geographic positions were determined from primary traverse by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in 1904: The line starts at Bald mountain triangulation station, follows trails to Fulton Chain station, New York Central railroad, thence westward along roads and trails along northern border of quadrangle to Branting-ham. It also follows the New York Central railroad from Fulton Chain to White Lake station. A loop was run via trails from McKeever east, south and west to White Lake station and continued to Boonville triangulation station. A line was also run along highways from McKeever to Port Leyden. Positions are given on the United States Standard datum.

Geographic positions along trails from Bald Mountain triangulation station to Brantingham.

Station.

Bald mountain triangulation station, a bare, rocky summit on the °    '

northern • shore of Third lake of the Fulton Chain. Station mark: A copper bolt cemented in solid rock stamped “ U. S. G.

S., N. Y. 481”.......,..................................

Forks of road and trail to Bald mountain from Bald Mountain

House..................................................

Old Forge, center of iron bridge across river at fish hatchery.....

Fulton Chain railroad station, 22 feet east of center of main track,

10 feet north of hotel porch, in boulder; bronze tablet stamped

“Elev. 1712 feet”.......................................

Tate road crossing, 750 feet north of mile-post 59 (line leaves rail- •

road and follows Tate road to Blackfoot pond)..............

Dead tree, 25 feet west of road; cloth penalty notice marked with

red ink “Sta. 92”........................................

Beech tree (dead); cloth penalty notice marked with red pencil

“Sta. 103”.............................................

Wakely’s first lumber camp, 75 feet from, on dead maple tree west side of road; cloth penalty notice marked with red pencil “Sta.

115 + 470”..............................................

Latitude.

Longitude.

43 44 19.3

74 54 47.1

43 44 20.9 43 42 45.8

74 54 04.2 74 58 12.8

43 41 57.1

43 42 55.2

43 43 03.3

43 43 26.1

75 00 19.9 75 00 06.5

75 00 44 2

75 01 14.0

Geographic positions along trails from Bald Mountain triangulation station to Brantingham ■—(Concluded).

Latitude.

Station.

Longitude.

Spruce tree (dead), on west side of road; cloth penalty notice

marked with red pencil “124+377”........................

Blackfoot. pond, 200 feet northwest of outlet, at Wakely’s camp, on

live birch tree beside trail; cloth penalty notice marked “ 136”. 43 44 33.4 Spruce tree beside trail; cloth penalty notice marked “153 +10” . 43 44 37.0 East pond, south side of, on spruce tree beside trail; cloth penalty

Otter Lake House, 135 feet from, and between house and barn, in face of large boulder; bronze tablet stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta.

No. 234”.. ......... ....................................

Herkimer-Lewis county line, iron mile-post marked “No. 18, 7.40 miles,” 700 feet northeast of dam at outlet of Otter lake, 15 feet

northwest of road........................................

Maple tree; cloth penalty notice. ............................

Small birch tree on north side or road; cloth penalty notice marked

“Sta. 288”...........................................

Maple tree beside road......................................

Hubbard’s place on Otter creek, 30 feet south of porch.........

Beech tree, 15 feet south of road, 100 feet west of plank bridge over low place; cloth penalty notice marked in red “344+40”

Small bridge; cloth penalty notice marked “Sta. 1234+90”.....

Patridgeville (abandoned), old saw mill dam, on bridge.........

Brantingham post-office, 1.7 miles northeast of; on road up Otter creek, in large rock outcrop, on northwest side of road and 15 feet higher than road; bronze triangulation tablet stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 1215”

43 44 27.8

43 43 49.3

43 43 19.9 43 43 11.4

43 43 11.0 43 43 31.4 43 43 35.4

43 43 01.8 43 42 55.1 43 43 07.3

43 42 31.7

75 01 07.5

75 01 42.2 75 02 10.9

75 02 55.7 75 03 51.7

75 04 34.1

75 05 19.3 75 05 57.4

75 06 45.4

75 07 25.7 75 08 18.0

75 09 07.8 75 09 55.6 75 10 32.3

75 11 54.4 75 14 43.6 75 15 27.9

75 16 14.3

Geographic positions along the New York Central railroad between Fulton Chain and White lake.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Mile-post H 57..........................................

Mile-post H 56..........................................

Mile-post H 55..........................................

Mile-post H 54..........................................

Minnehaha flag station...................................

Mile-post H 53..........................................

Mile-post H 52..........................................

Mile-post H 51..........................................

Mile-post H 50..........................................

McKeever station, 550 feet south of; in solid ledge in cut; copper

bolt stamped “U. S. G. S.” “elev. 1,544 ft. R.”. . ........

Mile-post H 47..........................................

Mile-post H 46..........................................

Mile-post H 45..........................................

Mile-post H 44..........................................

Mile-post H 43..........................................

43 41 15.2 43 40 43.3 43 40 13.2 43 39 46.4 43 39 43.0 43 39 19.1 43 38 32.4 43 37 51.2 43 37 08.9

75 00 56.7 75 01 52.4 75 02 49.4 75 03 48.8 75 04 06.0 75 04 41.0 75 04 15.0 75 04 56.2 75 05 03.4

. . 43 36 38.1 ^"’$75 05 57.2 . . 43 35 06.0 L*75 07 05 43 34 19 1    75 07

!! 43 33 31!o    75 07

.. 43 32 42.1    75 08 22

. . 43 31 49.9

to w bo to

75 08 23.1

Geographic positions along trails and roads from McKeever east, south and west to Boonville.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Beech tree on north side of road; cloth penalty notice marked

Currier’s Camp, on birch tree; cloth penalty notice marked “Sta.

547 + 123 ”.............................................

43 35 20 3

T. B, M., elevation painted in red “U. S. G. S. B. M. 1958 ft.”... 43 35 00.4

75 05 03.5 75 03 59.2 75 02 55.2 75 02 02.3 75 01 30.2 751,01 21.3 75'01 18.0

75 01 25.1 75 01 28.6

Geographic positions along trails and roads from McKeever east, south and west to Boonville—-(Concluded).

Station.

Longitude.

Latitude.

Beech tree, 40 feet north of road; cloth penalty notice marked

“Sta. 568 + 10 ”......................................... 43 34 57.0

T. B. M., elevation painted in red “G. S. 1897 ft.”........... 43 34 51.4

Maple tree, signboard,Woodhull 4 mi. White Lake Corner 7 miles. 43 34 23.1 Large rock on south side of road, elevation marked in red paint

“G. S. 1690 ft.”........................................

Rock in middle of road, elevation marked in red paint “G. S. 1624

ft.”.........................................

Gull lake, near road to. on plank of bridge; cloth penalty notice

rked “Sta. 656 + 167 ”.................................

Rock south side of road, elevation painted in red “G. S. 1671

ft.”...................................................

Herkimer-Oneida county line; stone monument marked “H O ”

on top, “1888 DW ” on side..-...........................

White Lake station, New York Central railroad, road crossing,

400 feet south of........................................

White Lake station, in boulder 81 feet west of railroad and 10 feet north of road; copper bolt stamped “elevation U. S. G. S.

R. 1421 B. M.”......................................... 43 31 19.8

White Lake Corners, post-office, four corners.............., .. . 43 31 14.7

Second class road northwest, at spruce tree on north side of road.. 43 31 09.6

Forks of road, 25 feet west of telephone pole................. 43 30 56.0

Cummings creek, 25 feet east of channel, 10 feet north of bridge, in solid ledge of rock; bronze triangulation tablet stamped

“Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 811 ”..............................

Road north...............................................

Road north...............................................

Hawkinsville, four corners..................................

Forks of road, three corners, 40 feet west of wild cherry tree.... 43 28 58.8

75 01 48.4 75 02 22.2 75 02 55.7

43 33 59.4

43 34 01.2

ma

43 33 32.7

43 32 50.2

43 32 27.7

43 31 19.9

43 30 23.2 43 30 00.8 43 29 44.7 43 29 36.6

75 03 25.2

75 03 35.1

75 04 26.9

75 05 34.2

75 06 07.6

75 08 23.6

75 08 24.7 75 09 17.4 75 10 28.0 75 12 24.0

75 13 19.5 75 14 56.2 75 16 24.6 75 16 38.6 75 17 57.7

Geographic positions along highways, Port Leyden via Moose river to

McKeever.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Lyonsdale school district No. 2, in road opposite schoolhouse.. . Porters Corners, 500 feet west of forks of road, 75 feet north of road in large boulder in pasture; bronze tablet stamped “Prim.

Trav. Sta. 983 ” ...................................

Earls (Geo. W.), residence, in road opposite front gate. . Telephone pole on north side of road marked with red “

+ 35 ”.........................................

Scharbonneau (Wm.), residence, in road opposite front gate.. Maple tree opposite unoccupied house on south side of cloth penalty notice, fence marked “Sta. 1033 ” .....

Moose River House, on telephone pole at corner of yard; cloth

penalty notice...........................................

Telephone pole; cloth penalty notice marked “ Sta. 1052 +195 ” Beech tree on north side of road; cloth penalty notice marked

“Sta. 1079”...........................................

Forest Home Hotel, in center of road opposite east end of. .. . Herkimer, Lewis and Oneida counties, corner of, 2,000 feet north of Forest Home Hotel; a drill hole in small boulder marked “ L |

-1 H”

Sta. 1005

d;

43 34 16.1

43 34 19.0 43 35 11.3

43 35 47.6 43 36 07.0

43 36 27.1

43 36 25.8 43 35 59.8

43 36 18.2 43 36 36.4

43 36 54.7

75 15 15.8

75 14 11.0 75 13 11.3

75 11 51.0 75 11 14.9

75 10 14.6

75 09 31.8 75 09 15.8

75 08 05.0 75 06 37.4

75 06 37.8

Lewis County.

Port Leyden Quadrangle.

The following geographic positions wrere determined by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in 1904: The line starts at Boonville flagstaff, previously located by triangulation, follows highways westward and is tied to forks of road at Highmarket post-office located by primary traverse in 1902. Another line leaves the first line at a point miles west of Port Leyden, passes through that place, and is con-

nected with Schwartz triangulation station, and thence continues north to Brantingham and west to a position located by primary traverse in School district No. 21, Martinsburg township.

i

Geographic positions along high ways between Boonville and Highmarket.

Longitude.

Of //

75 19 23.79 75 20 12.1

75 21 41.

75 22 52.

75 24 09.

75 24 33.

75 25 42.

75 26 56.

75 27 44.

75 31 08.

75 31 07.

Station.

Latitude.

43 28 47.61 43 29 11.0

Boonville, flagstaff in public park..........,...............

Boonville, northeast comer of Post and West streets..........

Forks of road, 50 feet south of iron signboard, Constableville 5

Highmarket, 900 feet south of post-office, in solid ledge, B. M. tablet..................................................

43 34 57.8

o\    c^oi^toco

Geographic positions along highways from a point 2 miles southwest of Port Leyden east and north via Schwartz triangulation station to Brantingham, thence west to Martinshurg.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

43 33 48.7 43 34 57.2

Port Leyden, 2 miles southwest of; four corners.. . ..........

Port Leyden, street crossing New York Central railway.......

Port Leyden, Hotel Brunswick front face in brickwork; bronze bench mark tablet stamped “elevation 897 ft. Albany 1900 ”

(898.400)...............................................

Port Leyden, 2 miles east of; forks of road....................

Five corners...............................................

Villiers, T corners, 875 feet east of Bethel Baptist church......

Fowlerville, south end of span bridge across Moose river......

Lyonsdale, school district No. 7, four corners at schoolhouse. . .

T corners at road east; cloth penalty notice on fence post marked

"Sta. 1165”............................................

Four corners..............................................

Four corners..............................................

Glenfield, in face of foundation of N. Y. Central railway station;

bronze tablet............................................

Glendale, crossing of Whetstone creek....................

Goodrich’s, four

Martinsburg, four corners at schoolhouse, district No. 1.......

Wakefield, four corners.....................................

Martinsburg, road west at schoolhouse.......................

Martinsburg, school district No. 21, in large boulder in field 244 feet from corner of schoolhouse, mag. bearing S. 6° 30' E.; bronze triangulation tablet stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta. 1342 ”. 43 42 31 .0

43 34 57.7 43 34 47.0 43 34 24.6 43 36 00.8 43 37 24.4 43 38 10.9

43 39 29.0 43 39 27.4 43 39 24.1

to co o Oi oo to

corner.'

43 42 37.8 43 42 59.0 43 43 22.0 43 42 51.3 43 43 17.9 43 42 32.8

75 22 29.4 75 20 48.6

75 20 47.7 75 18 40.8 75 16 56.0 75 16 44.0 75 16 27.0 75 16 14.2

75 16 21.0 75 16 52.5 75 17 53.2

75 19 28. 75 17 34. 75 17 40. 75 17 33. 75 21 21. 75 22 03. 75 23 30.

Oi CD 05 M O CO CO

75 24 09.4 75 25 00.2 75 26 08.2 75 27 48.7 75 28 45.9 75 29 35.3

75 29 34.6

St. Lawrence County.

Brierhill, Massena, Ogdenshurg and Waddington Quadrangles.

The following geographic positions on United States Standard datum were determined by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in May, 1904. The line starts at Ogdensburg light-house located by triangu-

lation of the United States Lake Survey, follows highways southward to Black Lake; thence along west shore of that lake to latitude 44° 30'; thence northward to Morristown Point triangulation station of the United States Lake Survey. Another line runs from Edwards-ville eastward via Depeyster to DeKalb; thence northward via Rensselaer Falls and Woodbridge Corners to Jinks triangulation station of the United States Lake Survey. This line was also connected with Canton water tower, previously located by triangulation.

Station.

Geographic positions along highways.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Galilee M. E. church, road northeast......................... 44 36 37.1

Edwardsville, 6 miles northeast of; forks of road at small bridge

near red schoolhouse................................

Edwardsville, 4 miles northeast of; road northwest at little red

schoolhouse......;......................................

Edwardsville, 2.8 miles northeast of; road northwest...........

Edwardsville, 1.6 miles northeast of; road northwest...........

Edwardsville, four corners at................................

Edwardsville, 2.2 miles southwest of, house of Nathan Bush, 36 feet north of northwest corner of, large rock in place; bronze

tablet stamped “Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 53”..................

Brierhill post-office, 2 miles southeast of; at schoolhouse, road

northeast...............................................

Brierhill station, 0.25 mile south of; crossing Rome, Watertown

and Ogdensburg railroad..................................

Brierhill post-office, 800 feet north of; road east................

St. Lawrence cheese factory, four corners.....................

St. Lawrence cheese factory, 1.25 miles northeast of; four corners 44 33 00.2

Morristown station, 0.75 mile south of; forks of road........... 44    34    45.0

Morristown station, road crossing at.......................... 44    35    15.9

Morristown Point triangulation station, United States Lake Survey, drill hole in ledge of rock; the latter has broken off and fallen partly in the river; apparently 7 feet out of place......

44 34 56.8

44 33 45.4 44 33 09.8 44 32 27.6 44 31 20.9

44 30 06.3

44 30 41.8

44 31 09.7 44 32 03.9 44 32 27.8

44 35 55.61

75 30 14. 75 29 39 75 29 46 75 30 25 75 30 21

75 30 19

75 32 06 75 33 16 75 34 19 75 35 35

NiONWiO CO (N^COO

75 37 33.3

75 38 41.0

75 39 38.7 75 39 46.1 75 41 15.5 75 40 06.0 75 38 30.7 75 39 02.2

75 38 33.16

Geographic positions along highways between Edwardsville, via De-Peyster and DeKalb.

Station.

W. H. Mitchell’s house, T road

Bolton district schoolhouse, road opposite.....................

G. C. Clarke, center of road, opposite house...................

Warren district, white school, road north.....................

Kings Corners (Kokomo post-office)..........................

DePeyster, four corners.....................................

John McNeil’s house, road southwest.........................

Mud Lake, in boulder 7 feet west of center of road, 101 feet from northwest corner of Thomas Townsend’s house, 99 feet from southeast corner of Oliver Perry’s.house, 260 feet north of road turning east; bronze triangulation tablet stamped “Prim.

Trav. Sta. No. 87”.......................................

B. H. Hurlburt’s house, road north..........................

DaPeystertown, school district No. 3, forks of road at red school-

house ..................................................

Forks of road, road south...................................

DeKalb, 1 mile west of Oswegatchie river; bridge at, 600 feet southeast of house of Horace Streeter, 50 feet north of road, in solid rock; bronze triangulation tablet stamped “Prim. Trav.

Sta. No. 135”....................................

DeKalb, Oswegatchie river, west end of iron bridge over

corner

44 31 44 31 44 32 44 32 44 33 44 33 44 32

co co oo ^ to o o* „ Qr

.......^ CD

05 I-* I-* 00 w CO Cn

34 09. 32 30. 30 31. 30 04. 27 33. 26 08. 26 44.

qo *■“* oo h-* to rfk. oo

O ' HH

coco coco

49.8

10.3

34.2

15.3

44 30 26.1 44 30 05.6

75 27 51.1 75 25 22.3

75 24 22.5 75 23 34.2

75 21 32.7 75 20 44.2

Geographic positions along highways.

Station.

Rensselaer Falls, 4.6 miles southeast of; George Baxter’s house, °    '

center of road opposite...................................

Rensselaer Falls, 5.7 miles southeast of; 968 feet north of railroad crossing, 300 feet north of four corners, in solid rock, 7 feet rest of center of road; a bronze bench mark tablet stamped ‘Prim. Trav. Sta. No. 13”................................

Latitude.

Longitude.

44 32 01.8

75 16 16.1

44 31 06.2

75 15 43.0

Geographic positions along the Rome, Watertown and

railroad.

Ogdensburg

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Road crossing............................................. 44 3,1 50.6

Mile-post 128, road crossing 900 feet northeast of.............. 44 33 47.9

Grass river, bridge over, first road crossing south of railroad..... 44 35 14.8

75 14 28.1 75 12 45.9 75 10 45.2

Geographic positions along highways between Canton and Woodbridge

Corners.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Canton water tower...............................

Canton City Hall, 1.75 miles northwest of; roads west.

John W. Davis’ house, mail box in front of. ...................

Woodbridge Comers, F. O. Norton’s house, four corners, 1.2 miles southeast of.............................................

44 35 41.4 44 36 14.8 44 36 52.3

75 09 47.3 75 12 12.8 75 13 04.6

44 37 28.2

75 14 05.3

Geographic positions between DeKalb and Jinks triangulation station of the United States Lake Survey via Rensselaer Falls and Wood-bridge Corners.

Station.

Latitude.

Longitude.

Coopers Falls, forks of road, 200 feet east of white house........

Isaac Piercy, opposite house of, road south....................

Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railroad, crossing of........

Canton and DeKalb schoolhouse, district No. 17, four corners at

schoolhouse.............................................

Rensselaer Falls, 2.5 miles southeast of; road northeast.........

Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railroad crossing...........

Rensselaer Falls, four corners................................

Woodbridge Corners, in flat boulder 6 feet long, 4 feet wide, 1 foot high, in pasture of F. O. Norton, 85 feet northeast of center of road, 60 feet southeast of stone wall, 305 feet west of west end of Mr. Norton’s house; bronze bench mark tablet stamped

Lisbon, school district No. 22, T corner at Lawrence school..... 44 39 51

Lisbon, school district No. 26, T corner at Lockwood school.... 44 40 58 Lisbon, school district No. 8, four corners at Morey Ridge school. 44 41 54 Mile-post 107, Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain railway, road

crossing 2,000 feet east of................................ .

Veitchs. four corners.......................................

Road northeast............................... ..........

Wells, four corners, near George Wagoner’s house... ..........

Road forks................................................

Big Sucker-Brook, center of bridge over......................

Union Church, four corners at...............................

Four corners..............................................

Jinks triangulation station, United States Lake Survey, dressed stone post, top being 1 foot below surface of ground, chiseled cross on boulder 200 feet to north, chiseled cross on boulder 178 feet to west.............................................

44 31 04.7 44 31 54.3 44 32 21.0

44 32 48.7 44 33 35.7 44 34 10.8 44 35 23.0

44 43 33 44 45 05 44 45 47 44 47 02 44 48 16 44 48 41 44 48 48 44 49 35

coototoobtoo* ooH-tot-^ooo

75 20 17.9 75 18 45.1 75 17 42.4

75 17 00.8 75 17 41.5 75 18 09.5 75 19 13.2

75 15 16 75 16 27 75 16 55 75 15 03 75 16 04 75 14 23

75 16 27 75 14 14 75 13 31 75 14 28 75 14 12 75 15 14 75 15 23 75 15 56

CO O *C O COT-'rHl^OOO»OCO

Geographic positions along highways between Madrid and

Latitude.

Massena.

Station.

Longitude.

Madrid station, Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain railway, road

crossing 285 feet west of .................................

Madrid, McCall’s hotel, four corners, 215 feet south of..........

Madrid, 0.7 mile northeast of; three corners...................

Cheese factory, road northwest at............................

Chamberlains, four Forks of road.....

Chases Mills, four corners...................................

Road north...............................................

Louisville town, school district No. 2, T corner 0.25 mile west of

scboolhouse............................................. 44 54 11.7

Louisville, 1 mile northwest of; road southeast................. 44 54 32.4

Louisville town, school district No. 4, four corners at schoolhouse 44 54 56.2

Road southeast...........................................

Louisville town, brick schoolhouse No. 5, road northwest at.....

Road northwest..........................................

Massena Springs, corner Main and Phillips streets, in corner of W. H. Hodge’s clothing store; bench mark tablet stamped

“ Elevation 205 feet”....................................

Massena station, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railway, road crossing, 350 feet south of...........................

corners

44 44 10.1 44 44 54.2 44 45 20.6 44 47 37.8 44 49 39.6 44 50 09.8 44 50 56.8 44 52 11.4

44 55 17.6 44 55 26.8 44 56 00.7

44 55 58.2

44 54 53.1

<I<J<JMO<I oooooooo

OiOi CnOi^nOiOiCnCnCn

OiOtCnCnOO OOOOOOOO ^oiooccxw co^ooooooo

bOCnOH-*«-‘CO^Oi OOOJC^OIM QOtOCnOH-iCnOOtO

o o o to w o coH-ocooooboo

74 53 35.2

74 53 15.9

SPIRIT LEVELING.

Lewis County.

Port Leyden Quadrangle.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Greenbush bench mark, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial points upon which this group of levels depend are bench marks along the precise level line Remsen to Limerick and a Deep Waterways bench mark at Rome recovered by the Army Engineers’ precise level line of 1902. The elevations accepted for these accord with the 1903 adjustment.

The leveling on Port Leyden quadrangle was done partly in 1902, under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman, but mostly in 1905, under the direction of Mr. J. I. Gayetty, assistant topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, level-man.

Glenfield, along highway east to Houseville, thence south via Turin to Constableville, thence southeast to Boonville, N. Y.

Houseville, 180 feet south of crossroads, in northeast corner of south abutment of

highway bridge; aluminum tablet stamped ‘‘1304 ALBANY”..............

Turin, at northwest corner of west side of building owned by J. E. Jones, 50 feet

southeast from crossroads; bronze tablet stamped “1264 ADJ 1903”........

Turin, 2.92 miles south of; 250 feet east of house of S. S. Freeman, 150 feet south of house of C. D. Davis, at east side of three roads intersection, 4 feet east of

fence in large rock ; bronze tablet stamped “1277 1903 ADJ”.............

Constableville, in southeast corner in water-table of Catholic church; bronze tablet

stamped “1260 1903 ADJ”.............................................

Constableville, 3.4 miles southeast of; 175 feet west of road, 0.2 mile northwest of three corners and 1.20 miles southeast of four corners, in foundation wall east face north corner of barn owned by Carpenter; bronze tablet stamped “1191 ADJ 1903”...........................................................

Feet.

1,304.024

1,264.144

1,276.537

1,259.926

Port Leyden, along northeast to Fowlerville, thence northwest to Brantingham, thence west to Glenfield.

Port Leyden, 3.1 miles northeast of; 30 feet north of center of road, 16 feet 8 inches southeast of pine tree, 17 feet 8 inches southwest of pine tree; iron post

stamped “1207 1903 ADJ”.............................................

Fowlerville, 50 feet north of northeast abutment of highway bridge over Moose river, 20 feet east of center of highway in ledge of rock; aluminum tablet

stamped "1182 ADJ 1903”.............................................

Fowlerville, 3.6 miles northwest of; at Gridles Corners 23 feet east of road to north, 26 feet north of east and west road, 32 feet from center of crossroads;

iron post stamped “1226 ADJ 1903”.....................................

Brantingham, in south face of foundation wall, center, T. Hess barn, 250 feet west

of four corners; aluminum tablet stamped “1259 ADJ 1903”................

Greig, 0.2 mile south of; three corners, 150 feet west of house of L. D. Hires, 20 feet north from center of road in flat rock; bronze tablet stamped “826 ADJ 1903” Glenfield, in foundation wall of New York Central and Hudson River depot; bronze tablet stamped “    “........................................

Feet.

1,206.965

1,181.594

1,225.959

1,259.296

825.925

777.639

Erie County.

Eden, Gowanda and Holland Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment. Those given on Holland and Gowanda quadrangles are in advance.

The leveling on Holland and part of Eden was done in 1904, under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. I. W. Petit, levelman, and that on Gowanda and remainder of Eden was done in 1905, under the direction of Mr. Gilbert Young, topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, levelman.

Standard bench marks are stamped “ADJ 1903” in addition to the figures of elevation.

Eden Quadrangle.

Blaisdell, south along Pennsylvania railroad via Hamburg to Collins Station.

Hamburg, in stone foundation at northwest corner of Kopp’s hotel, at end of car

line; bronze tablet stamped “826 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..................

Water Valley, Erie railroad, top of rail....................................

Eden Valley station, 300 feet east of Erie station, in northwest corner of foundation of Albert Dagle’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 722 ALBANY ADJ 1903 ” Eden Center, northeast corner of foundation of school; bronze tablet stamped

“ALBANY 828 ADJ 1903”.............................................

North Collins, Erie railroad station, in east face of southeast corner; bronze

tablet stamped “847 ADJ 1903”.........................................

Lawtons, in foundation wall west face of E. H. Lawton and Son’s store; bronze tablet stamped “826 ADJ 1903”.........................................

Feet.

825.555

790.6

792.254

827.573

847.023

825.640

Hamburg, along highway southeast to Boston Center.

817.517

1,075.137

North Boston (3.7 miles east of Hamburg), on northwest corner of south abutment of bridge over Idlewood creek, or Eighteen Mile creek; bronze tablet stamped “818 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.............................................

Boston, south to Mortons Corners, thence west to Lawton.

New Oregon, 100 feet northwest of crossroads, in southeast corner of foundation of Peter Kirsch’s house; bronze tablet stamped “1075 ADJ 1903”.......... .

Gowanda Quadrangle.

Collins Station, along Pennsylvania railroad to Dayton.

875.150

903.048

940.964

Boston, south to Mortons Corners, thence west to Lawton—(Concluded).

Woodwards Hollow, in east face of foundation wall of F. J. Rythers’ store; bronze

tablet stamped ‘‘1305 ADJ 1903”........................................

Mortons Corners, 500 feet west of; 106 feet from corner of Martha Schabchorn’s house, 77 feet from Helen Briggs’ house, and 151.42 feet from Emily Sampson’s

house; iron post primary traverse station 134, “1389 ADJ 1903”............

Whites Corners, 0.9 mile west of; in dooryard at northwest corner of dwelling house on south side of road, house occupied by Mr. Christopher Naegle; primary traverse tablet stamped “1115 ADJ 1903”...........................

Feet.

1,304.850

1,389.046

1,114.399

Collins station, in southeast corner of building owned by F. Mathan, in water table; -"bronze tablet stamped “875 ADJ 1903”..................................

Holland Quadrangle.

Boston Center, south to Boston.

Boston Center (Patchinl, opposite Michael Flickgenar’s grocery, on large boulder;

bronze tablet stamped “903 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.......................

Boston, 135 feet north of Iroquois Hotel, in grass plat at intersection of roads; iron post stamped “941 ALBANY”....................................

Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and Otsego Counties.

Hartwick, Oriskany, Sanger field and Winfield. Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the heights of bench marks at Earlville, Richfield Junction and Richfield Springs, as determined in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. For elevations at Richfield Junction and Leonardsville on the Sanger-field quadrangle, refer to the precise level line Utica to Sidney, page 449.

The leveling was done in 1904-5 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimick, levelman.

Standard bench marks are stamped “ 1903 ADJ ” in addition to the figure of elevation. The letters “ ALBANY ” also were stamped upon those set in 1904.

Sangerfteld Quadrangle.

Richfield Junction, along Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroad southwest via Waterville and New Brookfield to Poolville.

Paris station, in foundation wall of the residence of J.W. Pugh, east end of north

face; bronze tablet stamped "1423 1903 ADJ”............................

Waterville, in foundation wall of N. C. Bohn and Son’s shoe shop, south end of east face, 150 feet west of station; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1237 ALBANY ADJ” Sangerfield, 200 feet east of station, in foundation wall of residence of M. L.

Williams; bronze tablet stamped "1250 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...............

North Brookfield, in foundation wall of Cedar Valley Hotel, north end of west

face; aluminum tablet stamped "1201 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”................

Hubbardsville, in foundation wall of Hotel Green, east end of north face; bronze tablet stamped “1202 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............................

Feet.

1,423.286

1,237.417

1,250.190

1,200.680

Bouckville, northeast along New York, Ontario and Western railroad to Deansboro, thence southeast to Waterville.

Oriskany Falls, in foundation wall of the store of E. McGlynn, east end of south

face; bronze tablet stamped “978 ADJ 1903’’.............................

Deansboro, in foundation wall of the U. S. Milk Condensery, east end of south

face; bronze tablet stamped “795 ADJ 1903“.............................

Gorge Hollow, 0.51 mile southeast of; in foundation wall of stone schoolhouse, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “987 ADJ 1903“..........

Feet.

978.320

795.020

986.810

Richfield Junction, south along Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroad to

Bridgewater.

Bridgewater, in foundation wall of Congregational church, north end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “1215 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........................

Winfield Quadrangle.

Bridgewater, east along Delaware, Lackawanna and Western railroackjto Richfield

Springs.

West Winfield, in foundation of railroad public drinking fountain, 50 feet east of

station; bronze tablet stamped “1182 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”................

East Winfield, 880 feet east of station; on top of railroad mile-post 298..........

Cedarville, in foundation wall of station, east end, north face; bronze tablet

stamped "1292 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................................

Millers Mills, in foundation wall of station, north end, east face; bronze tablet

stamped “1410 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................................

Millers Mills, 2.64 miles east of; on top of mile-post 304......................

South Columbia, in foundation wall of Methodist church; bronze tablet

stamped “1476 ALBANY 1903”.......................................

South Columbia, 2.02 miles east of, top of railroad iron mile-post 808........

Norwich Corners, southeast to Millers Mills.

Jerusalem Hill, in foundation wall of Jerusalem church, 24 inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped “1532 ADJ 1903”..................................

Millers Mills, along highway northeast via Columbia Center to Mohawk.

Columbia Center, 4.16 miles east of; Cedarville, in foundation wall of Methodist church, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “i532 ADJ 1903”.... Denison Corners, in foundation wall of the residence of A. A. Wolleber, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “1315 ADJ 1903”....................

West Winfield, southeast along highway to Schuyler Lake.

Plainfield Center, in foundation wall of the Congregational parsonage, west end

of south face; bronze tablet stamped “1756 ADJ 1903”....................

West Exeter, on bronze tablet set in foundation wall of the store of Denis Harrington, nortli end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “1320 ADJ 1903”. ... Exeter, in wall of stone store occupied by P. J. Horan, north end of west face;

bronze tablet stamped “1656 ADJ 1903”.................................

Schuyler Lake, in wall of Universalist church, south end, west face; aluminum tablet stamped “1313 ADJ 1903”.......................................

1,215.112

1,182.308

1,214.16

1,291.955

1,409.826

1,472.14

1,476.007

1,343.49

1,531.843

1,532.466

1,315.560

1,755.843

1,319.666

1,655.488

1,312.548

Hartwick Quadrangle.

Schuyler Lake, southeast to Cooperstown.

Oakville, on bronze tablet set in foundation wall of Hotel Ayres, south end of east face; stamped “1278 ADJ 1903”........................................

1,277.753

Oriskany Quadrangle.

Paris Station, north to Paris, thence east to Sauquoit.

Paris, in foundation wall of Episcopal church, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped "1497 ADJ 1903”........................................

1,497.371

Orange and Sullivan Counties.

Goshen, Lackawaxen, Monticello, Port Jervis and White Lake Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon elevations by the 1903 adjustment of various bench marks on the precise level line Hancock to Poughkeepsie, (Report 1903, pp.239-240).

The leveling was done in 1904, under the direction of Mr. W. 0. Tufts, assistant topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimick, levelman.

Standard bench marks are stamped with legend “ 1903 ADJ ” in addition to figures of elevation.

Goshen Quadrangle.

Burnside, west along Ontario and Western railroad to Campbell Hall, thence southwest along Erie railroad to Goshen, thence southeast along same to Greycourt.

Campbell Hall, in brick foundation of Campbell Hall; bronze tablet stamped

"408 ALBANY 1900”.................................................

Kipps station, in foundation wall of residence of J. H. Kipps, south end of west

face; aluminum tablet stamped “390 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............

Goshen, in foundation wall of Episcopal church, north end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped “439 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...........................

Chester, in foundation wall of Methodist church, center of south face; bronze

tablet stamped “477 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...............................

Greycourt, in face of north abutment of railroad bridge over highway; bronze tablet stamped “447 ALBANY”........................................

Feet.

409.078

389.600

438.794

476.776

448.282

Greycourt, southwest along New York, Susquehanna and Western railroad to Warwick, thence west along highway to Pine Island.

Lake station, in foundation wall of the residence of J. Halbut, center of east face;

bronze tablet stamped “554 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.........................

Warwick, in foundation wall of Methodist church, north end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “538 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...........................

Edenville, in stone residence of J. E. Ilotaling, east end of south face, 24 inches

above ground; aluminum tablet stamped "473 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........

Pine Island, in center of south face of railroad brick station, Pine Island division of the Erie railroad; bronze tablet stamped “407 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......

Johnson, northeast along New York, Susquehanna and Western railroad to Middle-

town.

Slate Hill, in foundation wall of the store of Ourling Bros., south end of west face; , bronze tablet stamped “505 ALBANY ADJ.”............................

Port Jervis Quadrangle.

Pine Island, west along highway to Unionville, thence north along New York, Susquehanna and Western railroad to Johnson.

Unionville, in foundation wall of Baptist church, south end of east face; bronze

tablet stamped “516 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...............................

Westtown, in foundation wall of storage building of T. G. Clark, south end of west

face; bronze tablet stamped “480 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...................

Johnson, in foundation wall of the feed store of Simpson and Manning, north end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “451 ALBANY ADJ”..................

Port Jervis, southeast along highway to Unionville.

Greenville, in foundation wall of Methodist church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “1043 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........................

553.710

537.903

473.217

407.003

505.300

516.367

480.026

450.994

Otis, along highway west to Cuddebackville, thence northwest to Oakland Valley.

Cuddebackville, in foundation wall of Methodist church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “522 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......................

Monticello Quadrangle.

Oakland Valley, northwest to Forestburg.

Oakland Valley, highway bridge over Neversink river, in ledge of rock, 35 feet southeast of southeast corner of; bronze tablet stamped “686 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........................r......................................

Hartwood, in stone residence of Willis Butler, north end of east face, 30 inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped “1275 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........

White Lake Quadrangle.

Forestburg, south to Mongaup.

Forestburg, in foundation wall of Catholic church, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “1241 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............................

Lackawaxen Quadrangle.

Mongaup, north abutment of highway bridge over Mongaup creek, in top of; bronze tablet stamped “503 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........................

Feet.

522.085

685.570

1,275.457

1,240.525

503.031

St. Lawrence County.

Brierhill, Canton, Gouverneur, Hogansburg, Massena, Red Mills and Waddington Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment of elevations of bench marks established by precise leveling along the St. Lawrence river under the direction of the U. S. Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways. (For additional elevations on the Hogansburg quadrangle refer to, Report for 1903, p. 230.)

The leveling was done in 1904, under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimick, levelman.

Standard bench marks are stamped with the legend “ALBANY 1903 ADJ” in addition to the figures of elevations.

Brierhill Quadrangle.

Ogdensburg, along highway southwest to Edwardsville, thence northward to Morristown.

Ogdensburg, 4.5 miles south of; in water-table of residence of Paul Velour, north

end east face; bronze tablet stamped “317 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........

Ogdensburg, 8.93 miles south of; in foundation wall of residence of Alonzo Havens, center of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “390 ALBANY 1903

ADJ”................................................................

Ogdensburg, 11.67 miles south of; 200 feet north of residence of Luther Bloodough, 150 feet north of highway, 100 feet northwest of highway sluice, in solid rock;

bronze tablet stamped “302 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.........................

Edwardsville, in foundation wall of Union church, east end of south face; bronze

tablet stamped “295 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...............................

Edwardsville, 2.93 miles northwest of; 2.6 miles southeast of Morristown, in solid rock, 30 feet west of southwest corner of red schoolhouse and 54 feet northeast of intersection at four corners; bronze tablet stamped “300 ALBANY 1903

ADJ”.................................................................

Morristown, P. B. M. Deep Waterways, in foundation wall of stone warehouse, 79.5 feet from north side of U. S. Custom House, 0.25 inch bolt...............

Feet.

317.215

389.916

301.488

295.206

300.227

271.288

Ogdensburg Quadrangle.

Ogdensburg, along highway southeast to Heuvelton, thence northeasterly to Lisbon, thence northwesterly to Red Mills.

Ogdensburg, Deep Waterways P. B. M. D., in west pier at mouth of Oswegatchie

river, in U. S. Lighthouse; J inch bolt....................................

Ogdensburg, 3.8 miles south of; 50 feet east of track, 100 feet west of road, 23 feet south of private road in rock; bronze tablet stamped “309 ALBANY 1903

ADJ”................................................................

Heuvelton, in foundation wall of Presbyterian church, east end of south face;

bronze tablet stamped “315 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........................

Flockville, in foundation wall of Presbyterian parsonage, west end of north face;

bronze tablet stamped “364 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.........................

Lisbon, in foundation wall of Presbyterian church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...............................

Feet.

251.022

309.132

315.188

364.086

357.696

Heuvelton, along highway south nine miles, thence east six miles to DeKalb.

DePeyster, in foundation wall of Union church, south end east face; bronze

tablet stamped “ 374 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”..............................

DePeyster, 3.56 miles south of; 101 feet northwest of corner of Thomas Towander’s residence, seven feet west of highway in triangulation tablet stamped “ 332

ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”.................................................

DeKalb, 0,9 mile northwest of; 600 feet southeast of residence of Horace Streeter, 50 feet north of center of highway; triangulation tablet in ledge stamped “ 414 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......”..........................................

374.479

332.41

413.641

DeKalb along railroad north to Rensselaer Falls, thence northwest to Heuvelton.

DeKalb, 4.17 miles north of; 300 feet northwest of highway crossing R. W. & O. division of N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., 150 feet northeast of residence of Van Hunters, 100 feet north of center of track in solid rock; aluminum tablet

stamped "393 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................................

Rensselaer Falls, in water-table of Methodist church, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped "328 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......................

393.221

327.544

Gouverneur Quadrangle at DeKalb.

DeKalb, in foundation wall of church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.............................................

357.010

Red Mills Quadrangle.

Red Mills, along highway easterly to Chipman.

Red Mills, 6.93 miles east of; in foundation wall of residence of Alvia Martin, west end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “348 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....

348.175

Waddington Quadrangle.

Chipman, southeasterly to Madrid.

Chipman, in foundation wall of Scotch Presbyterian church, center of north face; bronze tablet stamped "355 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.........................

354.953

Madrid, northeast to Raymondville.

Madrid, 3.95 miles north of; in foundation wall of residence of N. J. Abernathy,

center of east face; bronze tablet stamped “349 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......

Chases Mill (8 miles north of Madrid), in foundation wall of Hotel Creighton, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “272 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......

348.942

271.453

Canton Quadrangle at Madrid.

Madrid, in foundation wall of Methodist church, center of east face; bronze tablet stamped “320 ALBANY ADJ”

319.557

Massena Quadrangle.

Richards Landing, along highway south to Massena Springs, thence east along Grand Trunk railroad to Helena.

Richards Landing, P. B. M. 6 Deep Waterways, 58.5 feet east of east face of Isaac Richards’ residence, 3 feet north of south fence of river road, 13 feet under ground, a concrete base, in top of which is set a quarter-inch round head

bolt..................................................................

Massena, in northwest corner of Clark Block; bronze tablet stamped “205

ALBANY 1904”.......................................................

Massena Springs, 4.33 miles east of; in south end of east abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped "193 ALBANY 1904”......................

Feet.

232.381

205.000

192.795

Massena Springs, along road southwest via Raymondville to Norwood, thence along railroad northeasterly to Winthrop, thence along highway northeasterly via Helena to Hogansburg.

Massena Springs, 2.75 miles southwest of; in foundation wall of north end of east face of brick house of Charles Cahby, owned by Allen Ames, on highway leading from Massena Springs, southwest to Raymondville; bronze tablet stamped

“216 ALBANY 1904”..................................................

Raymondville, in foundation wall of Union church, 10 feet from north end of

west face; bronze tablet stamped “251 ALBANY 1904”...................

Norfolk, in foundation wall of Presbyterian church, 12 feet south of north end of

west face; aluminum tablet stamped “257 ALBANY 1904”................

Norwood, in foundation wall of Music Hall, north end of east face, 28 inches

above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “330 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.......

Knapps, in foundation wall of residence of L. M. Maxfield, west end of south face;

aluminum tablet stamped “360 ALBANY 1904”..........................

Knapps, 3.81 miles east of; in top of north end of east abutment of railroad bridge, 420 feet west of highway crossing; aluminum tablet stamped “345

ALBANY 1904”.......................................................

Winthrop, in foundation wall of Universalist church, south end of east face;

aluminum tablet stamped “337 ALBANY 1904”..........................

Winthrop, 2.96 miles north of; in foundation wall of schoolhouse, district No. 3, town of Brasher, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “291

ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......,.................................,..!......

Brasher Center, in foundation wall of Methodist church, east end of south face; aluminum tablet stamped “266 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................

216.063

251.126

256.937

330.017

359.764

344.498

336.960

290.137

265.524

Hogansburg Quadrangle.

Helena, in north end of west abutment of Grand Trunk railroad, over St. Regis

river; bronze tablet stamped "191 ALBANY 1904”......................

Hogansburg, on P. B. M. P. Deep Waterways, center of junction in foundation wall of St. Patrick’s church; quarter-inch bolt.............................

190.807

177.850

Uncompleted Work.

The bench marks on the Loon Lake quadrangle are withheld from publication this year.

.

*

'

RESULTS

OP

FOR THE

Years 1896 to 190 5

INCLUSIVE’

BY

S. S. GANNETT and D. H. BALDWIN.

REPRINTED PROM

Bulletin No. 281, Series F, Geography, 49

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

BY PERMISSION OF

CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director.

Through the courtesy of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, the following results of spirit leveling in the State of New York are here reprinted from a Government bulletin. Before the readjustment of 1903, much of this material was published in the annual reports of the State Engineer, since 1895; the report of 1903 contained many readjusted circuits; and in last year’s report there appeared a compilation of tabletted, permanent bench marks, arranged alphabetically by counties, but the list here given includes many bench marks, other than tablets, whose readjusted elevations were not obtainable by the State Engineer’s Department at the time of the last report. Inasmuch as the bench marks are arranged by circuits in this publication, the index of the original bulletin is also appended.

CONTENTS.

Page.

Introduction......................................................

Precise Leveling..................................................

Franklin County.................................................

Dickinson, Hogansburg, Kildare, Long Lake, Meacham Lake, and

St. Regis quadrangles......................................

Albany, Saratoga, and Warren counties............................

Luzerne, North Creek, Saratoga, and Schenectady quadrangles. . .. 438

Jefferson, Lewis, and Oneida counties..............................

Antwerp, Boonville, Carthage, Clayton, Lowville, Port Leyden,

Remsen, Theresa, and Watertown quadrangles................

Albany, Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Chemung, Otsego, Schenectady,

Schoharie, Steuben, and Tioga counties...........................

Amsterdam, Apalachin, Bath, Berne, Belmont, Binghamton, Cameron, Canaseraga, Cherry Creek, Cohoes, Cooperstown, Coming, Delhi, Dunkirk, Elmira, Gowanda, Hornellsville, Nineveh, Olean, Oneonta, Owego, Redhouse, Richmondville, Salamanca, Schenectady, Schoharie, Shongo, Sidney, and Wav-

erly quadrangles...........................................

Chenango, Delaware, Madison, Oneida, and Otsego counties..........

Deposit, Hancock, New Berlin, Oneonta, Oriskany, Sidney, Utica,

Walton, Winfield, and Sangerfield quadrangles................

Broome, Delaware, Orange, Sullivan, and Ulster counties............

Binghamton, Deposit, Goshen, Hancock, Narrowsburg, Newburg, Nineveh, Long Eddy, Poughkeepsie, and Port Jervis quadrangles 451

Chemung County................................................

Elmira quadrangle...........................................

Allegany, Livingston, Monroe, and Steuben counties................

Caledonia, Canaseraga, Honeoye, Hornellsville, Nunda, and Rochester quadrangles...........................................

Cattaraugus County..............................................

Redhouse and Salamanca quadrangles.........................

Chautauqua and Erie counties....................................

Buffalo, Dunkirk, Eden, and Silver Creek quadrangles..........

Primary Leveling..................................................

Nassau, Queens, and Suffolk counties..............................

Babylon, Hempstead, Moriches, New York, Northport, Oyster Bay,

Riverhead, and Setauket quadrangles........................

Essex, Franklin, and Hamilton counties............................

Lake Placid, Santanoni, Saranac, and St. Regis quadrangles......

Essex, Hamilton, and Warren counties.............................

Blue Mountain, Indian Lake, Newcomb, Schroon Lake, and Thirteenth Lake quadrangles...................................

435

437

437

437

438

439

439

441

441

448

448

451

453

453

454

454

457

457

457

457

460

460

460

462

462

465

Primary Leveling—Continued.

Page.

468

Hamilton, Herkimer, and Oneida counties..........................

Little Falls, McKeever, Old Forge, Remsen, Utica, West Canada

Lakes, and Wilmurt quadrangles............................

Hamilton, Saratoga, and Warren counties..........................

Lake Pleasant and Stony Creek quadrangles...................

Franklin, Hamilton, Herkimer, and St. Lawrence counties............

Big Moose, Kildare, Long Lake, Raquette Lake, and Tupper Lake

quadrangles...............................................

Fulton, Hamilton, and Montgomery counties........................

Fonda, Gloversville, Lassellsville, and Piseco quadrangles........

Fulton, Saratoga, and Warren counties.............................

Broadalbin, Glens Falls, Luzerne, Saratoga, and Schuylerville quadrangles .............................................

Hamilton and Otsego counties...............................

Richfield Springs and Cooperstown quadrangles...........

Herkimer, Madison, Oneida, and Otsego counties..............

Hartwick, Oriskany, Sangerfield, and Winfield quadrangles

Albany, Montgomery, Otsego, and Schoharie counties........,

Berne, Canajoharie, and Schoharie quadrangles...........

Dutchess, Orange, and Ulster counties........................

Newburg, Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, Rosendale, and Schunemunk

quadrangles...............................................

Columbia and Dutchess counties...................................

Catskill, Clove, Copake, Coxsackie, Kinderhook, and Millbrook

quadrangles...............................................

Greene, Ulster, and Schoharie counties.............................

Gilboa, Kaaterskill, and Phoenicia quadrangles................

Delaware, Otsego, Schoharie, and Ulster counties. .................

Hobart, Margaretville, and Richmondville quadrangles..........

Orange, Sullivan, and Ulster counties..............................

Ellenville and Slide Mountain quadrangles......................

Orange and Sullivan counties.....................................

Goshen, Lackawaxen, Monti cello, Port Jervis, and White Lake

quadrangles...............................................

St. Lawrence County............................................

Brierhill, Canton, Gouvemeur, Hogansburg, Massena, Ogdensburg,

Red Mills, and Waddington quadrangles......................

Jefferson and St. Lawrence counties................................

Alexandria Bay, Clayton, Theresa, and Watertown quadrangles. . 501

Jefferson, Lewis, Oswego, and Oneida counties.....................

Boonville, Carthage, Highmarket, Kasoag, Mexico, Orwell, Port

Leyden, Pulaski, and Taberg quadrangles.....................

Madison, Onondaga, and Oswego counties...........................

Cazenovia, Chittenango, Morrisville, Syracuse, and Tully quadrangles....................................................

Broome, Chenango, Cortland, and Madison counties................

Apalachin, Binghamton, Cortland, Coventry, Greene, Harford, Nineveh, Norwich, Pitcher, and Sidney quadrangles............

468

473

473

474

474

477

477

479

483

483

485

485

487

487

490

490

494

494

496

496

497

499

501

503

CO

507

510

Page.

Primary Leveling—Continued.

Cayuga, Chemung, Onondaga, Tioga, and Tompkins counties

Auburn, Dry den, Moravia, Owego, Skaneateles, and Waverly quadrangles ...................................................

Cayuga, Monroe, Onondaga, Oswego, and Wayne counties...........

Baldwinsville, Clyde, Fulton, Macedon, Oswego, Palmyra, Rochester, and Weedsport quadrangles.............................

Ontario, Schuyler, Seneca, Steuben, Tompkins, and Yates counties. . . . 525 Geneva, Genoa, Ovid, Penn Yan, and Phelps quadrangles Chemung, Livingston, Ontario, Schuyler, Steuben, and Yates counties. . 528 Bath, Elmira, Hammondsport, Naples, and Watkins quadrangles. . 528 Ontario, Monroe, Genesee, Wyoming, Livingston, and Steuben counties. 531 Batavia, Canandaigua, Caledonia, Honeoye, Nunda, and Way land

quadrangles...............................................

Allegany, Erie, Genesee, Livingston, and Wyoming counties.........

Angelica, Attica, Buffalo, Depew, Franklinville, and Portage quadrangles ...................................................

Allegany and Cattaraugus counties.................................

Belmont, Olean, and Salamanca quadrangles....................

Cattaraugus and Chautauqua counties..............................

Chautauqua, Cherry Creek, Clymer, Dunkirk, Jamestown, Northeast, Redhouse, and Westfield quadrangles........

Genesee and Monroe counties...........................

515

515

520

520

525

531

535

535

538

538

539

.....539

543

Brockport and Hamlin quadrangles.....

Erie, Genesee, Niagara, and Orleans counties

Albion, Lockport, Medina, Oak Orchard, Olcott, and Ridgeway quadrangles...............................................

.. 543

544

544

Index

Erie County...............................

Eden, Gowanda, and Holland quadrangles

.... 547

547

548

28

Results of Spirit Leveling in the State of New York for the Years 1896 to 1905, Inclusive.

By S. S. Gannett and D. H. Baldwin.

INTRODUCTION.

The readjustment in 1903 of the precise-level net in the eastern portion of the United States by the United State’s Coast and Geodetic Survey necessitated a corresponding readjustment of all spirit-level heights of the United States Geological Survey dependent thereon. These results will be summarized by States or groups of States and published from time to time in bulletin form.

All results of leveling in New York State previously published in appendices to reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey and in Bulletin No. 185, as well as levels not previously published, have therefore been readjusted, rearranged by quadrangles, and collected herewith in one publication. Descriptions and elevations of bench marks are given in nearly every county, furnishing vertical control for fully eight-tenths of the total area of the State.

The field work was done in cooperation with the State of New York, under the direction of Mr. H. M. Wilson, geographer, United States Geological Survey, by various topographers and levelmen of the United States Geological Survey, to whom due credit is given under the different headings listed in the following pages.

The office work of adjustment was principally done by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer, assisted by C. B. Kendall, field assistant, under the supervision of Mr. S. S. Gannett, geographer in charge of the triangulation and computing section.

The elevations are arranged according to the degree of accuracy of their determination, precise and primary, the former being determined by lines of levels run either in both the forward and backward directions or by simultaneous double-rodded lines, using a high-grade instrument and taking special precautions in observations and reductions to correct errors and make the line continuously good throughout; and the latter or primary levels being determined with the Y level with precautions taken against the principal errors and run mostly in circuits of single lines.

The allowable limit of error observed on the precise work already done by the Geological Survey in this State is represented in feet by 0.03 \TE>7 and that for the primary work by 0.05 V D, in which D is the length of circuit in miles.

The bench marks described in the following lists are of three general forms. First, a circular bronze or aluminum tablet 3% inches in diameter and one-fourth inch thick, appropriately lettered, having a 3-inch stem cemented into a drill hole, generally in the vertical walls of public buildings, bridge abutments, or other substantial masonry structures. The second form, employed

where masonry or rock is not accessible, consists of a hollow wrought-iron post 4 feet in length and 3% inches in outer diameter, split at the bottom and expanded to 12 inches, so as to prevent both the easy subsidence of the post and its being maliciously pulled out of the ground. The iron is heavily coated with asphalt, and over the top of the post is riveted a bronze tablet similar to that described above. The third form (used in 1896 and 1897) was a copper bolt 4 inches long and 1 inch in diameter fastened into masonry or solid rock by driving it on a brass wedge placed in the bottom of a vertical hole, so that the top of the bolt was horizontal and thus formed the bench mark.

The numbers stamped upon the bench marks as described in the following lists represent the elevations to the nearest foot above mean sea level, as determined by unadjusted levels in the field. In some cases the finally accepted elevations as printed herein differ from those submitted as bench-mark numbers by several feet, resulting from the adjustments necessary to close circuits and to those resulting from reduction to mean sea level through readjustment of the precise-level net of the United States. This method of numbering bench marks has been adopted where many levelers are working in the same area at the same time, as less liable to lead to confusion in identification of bench marks than any attempt at serial numbering, and because the bench-mark number at the same time gives an approximate statement of elevation. It is assumed that engineers and others finding these bench marks so stamped in the field will communicate with the Director of the United States Geological Survey or the State engineer of New York in order to obtain the accepted elevation to hundredths or thousandths of a foot.

Any person finding bench marks in the following lists mutilated or destroyed will confer a favor by notifying the Director, United States Geological Survey, Washington, D. 0.

PRECISE LEVELING.

FRANKLIN COUNTY.

Dickinson, Hogansburg, Kildare, Long Lake, Meacham Lake, and St. Regis

Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling run north from Tupper Lake to a connection with a primary bench mark of the Deep Waterways Commission at Fort Covington, Franklin County, a 2-inch square cut on east abutment of the Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River 1 foot from the south and east edges. The elevation of this is accepted as 166.452 feet above mean sea level, as derived by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey adjustment in 1903 of the precise level net. The elevations are corrected in agreement with this, but no error has been distributed in this line.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level. The leveling wras executed by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman in charge. All standard bench marks are referred to the Albany datum and are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION, VIA MOIRA AND BOMBAY, TO FORT COVINGTON.

Feet.

LONG LAKE QUADRANGLE.

Tupper Lake Junction, New York Central Railroad, Adirondack division, in

foundation to water tank; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1555 ALBANY ”. . 1,556.031

KILDARE QUADRANGLE.

1,527.874

Kildare, 350 feet north of station, in large bowlder 8 feet east of rail; bronze tablet stamped “ 1528 ALBANY 1900 ”.......................

ST. REGIS QUADRANGLE.

Blue Pond, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Blue Pond, 5 miles north of, 1,300 feet north of mile post “T. 18 & O. 110,” in large bowlder 10 feet west of track; bronze tablet stamped “ 1551

ALBANY 1900 ”.................................................

Brandon, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Brandon, 1 mile north of, 0.4 mile north of milepost “ T. 23 & O. 105,” in large bowlder 10 feet west of track; bronze tablet stamped “1595 ALBANY 1900 ” ............................................: • • •

1,552.7

1,551.259

1,603.4

1,594.129

MEACHAM LAKE QUADRANGLE.

Leboeuf, 0.3 mile north of, in large rock 125 feet north of section post 14-15, and 50 feet east of railroad; bronze tablet stamped “ 1556

1,555.690

1,342.6

1,337.4

1,306.086

ALBANY 1900 ” ................................................

Spring Cove, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Santa Clara, in front of station; top of rail............................

Santa Clara, 0.7 mile north of, 750 feet north of milepost “ T. 37 & O. 91,” in large rock 10 feet east of railroad; bronze tablet stamped “ 1306 ALBANY 1900 " ................................................

DICKINSON QUADRANGLE.

St. Regis Falls, 1,000 feet south of station, in large rock 20 feet west of railroad and 300 feet north of railroad water tank; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1256 ALBANY 1900 “...................................

Dickinson Center, in front of station; top of rail......................

Dickinson Center, 3.6 miles north of, in large rock on east side of railroad at culvert No. 18, 25 feet east of rail, 5 feet north of track; aluminum tablet stamped “ 603 ALBANY 1900 ”...............................

Feet.

1,256.497

954.5

602.642

HOGANSBURG QUADRANGLE-

Moira, Methodist Episcopal Church, in east face of; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 420 ALBANY 1900 ”...................................

Bombay, public school on Main street, in northwest face of; bronze, tablet

stamped "193 ALBANY 1900 ”....................................

Port Covington (Deep Waterways primary bench mark), Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River; chiseled square, 1 foot from south edge

and 1 foot from east edge of east abutment..........................

Fort Covington, Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River, 600 feet west of station, top of south end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped " 167 ALBANY 1900 ”............................................

419.450

193.144

166.453

166.452

ALBANY, SARATOGA, AND WARREN COUNTIES.

Luzerne, North Creek, Saratoga, and Schenectady Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels run from United States engineers’ bench mark in Schenectady to a bench mark at North Creek, upon which certain primary leveling republished in this bulletin was formerly based.

These descriptions are republished from the Appendix to the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, but 0.427 foot has been added to the elevations there listed in accordance with the 1903 adjustment of the precise-level net.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level. The leveling was done by Mr. E. L. McNair. The standard bench marks set in the course of this work are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY 1899,” in addition to the figures of elevation.

SCHENECTADY, VIA THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO NORTH CREEK.

SCHENECTADY QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

Schenectady, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge over Erie Canal, northeast corner of coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet

stamped “ 242 ALBANY 1899 ” (set in August, 1899)................

Ballston Lake, 0.75 mile north of, coping stone at west end of stone culvert under railroad; aluminum tablet stamped “ 269 ALBANY 1899 ”......

241.195

269.116

SARATOGA QUADRANGLE.

Ballston Spa, Saratoga County court-house, foundation stone 4 feet left of

main entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “ 320 ALBANY”............

Saratoga Springs, Loughberry Lake, surface of water....................

Saratoga Springs, Delaware and Hudson Railroad station, 1,500 feet south of, at east end of north abutment of steel-girder bridge over Congress street, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “314 ALBANY 1899”. . Greenfield station, 0.33 mile north of, at southeast corner of stone culvert under railroad, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 596 ALBANY 1899 ” ................................................

320.848

283

314.410

596.343

Kings, 0.8 mile north of station, at northeast corner of stone culvert under railroad, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “602 ALBANY 1899”.

Feet.

602.834

LUZERNE QUADRANGLE.

Hadley, 1.5 miles south of, at northeast corner of stone culvert, about 600 feet west of red house on west side of highway, in coping stone; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 634 ALBANY 1899 ”...............................

Hadley, 3.25 miles north of, at northwest corner of steel-girder Bridge No. 9 over Wolf Creek, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 630 ALBANY 1899 ”....................................

Stony Creek, 0.4 mile south of, at northwest corner of steel-girder Bridge No. 10 over Stony Creek, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped “ 600 ALBANY 1899 ”.................................

Thurman, 1.25 miles north of station, at west end of south abutment of steel-girder Bridge No. 13, in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 628 ALBANY 1899 ”............................................

634.309

630.458

600.427

628.264

NORTH CREEIC QUADRANGLE.

“ The Glen,” Delaware and Hudson Railroad station, 530 feet north of, at southwest corner of a steel-girder Bridge No. 14, 5 feet west of girder, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped, “ 749 ALBANY

1899 ” .........................................................

Riverside, 230 feet north of station door, 65 feet west of center of main track, in large, flat rock outcrop 25 feet west of road; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 883 ALBANY 1899 ”.....................................

North Creek station, 0.4 mile southeast of, bridge seat at southeast corner of steel-girder Bridge No. 18, 4.4 feet below east rail; aluminum tablet

stamped “1001 ALBANY 1899 ”...................................

North Creek station, 1,000 feet north of, in quarry outcrop on southwest side of track, 2 feet above track and 6 feet from southwest rail; bronze tablet stamped “ 1012 ” (set in 1896).    :............•.............

749.510

883.643

1,001.491

1,008.048

JEFFERSON, LEWIS, AND ONEIDA COUNTIES.

Antwerp, Boonville, Carthage, Clayton, Lowville, Port Leyden, Remsen, Theresa, and Watertown Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the Greenbush bench mark, the elevation accepted for which is 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial point upon which these levels depend is a bronze tablet set in the coping at the north end of retaining wall between lower mill dam and Rome, Watertown and Odgensburg Railroad at Remsen, N. Y., stamped “ 1172;” the elevation of this bench mark is derived by a readjustment of primary circuits published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, starting from a bench mark of the precise-level net at Utica, and its elevation is accepted as 1,171.464 feet above mean sea level.

A closure was made at Limerick on a temporary bench mark on the south parapet wall of stone-arch bridge over Perch River. This bench mark is on a primary circuit tied at Clayton to bench mark “A” of the precise line of the Deep Waterways Board, being a copper bolt in the water table at the southwest corner of the Catholic Church. The elevation of the latter, as corrected in the 1903 adjustment by the Coast and Geodetic Survey, is accepted as 278.815 feet above mean sea level.

The elevation of the Limerick bench mark, as determined by the primary circuit, is 317.06 feet and by the precise line 317.09 feet above mean sea level. The latter elevation is accepted for this bench mark, the closure 0.03 foot being well within the closure error of the primary circuit. The list, therefore, as here presented, is the unadjusted mean results of double-rodded simultaneous precise leveling. The instrument used was a Buff & Berger precise level with an 8-second vial. The leveling was done by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman in charge, during the months of August and September, 1900. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters “ALBANY,” in addition to figures of elevation and year. The elevations marked are mostly 1 foot low, an error caused in the field work by using an erroneous elevation published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, page 354, for the Remsen bench mark, which is low by a clerical error of 1 foot, as noted in Bulletin No. 185.

REMSEN, ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD,

TO LIMERICK.

REMSEN QUADRANGLE.

Remsen, between lower milldam and Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, north end of retaining wall, in end of coping, face near corner;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1172 ”....................................

East Steuben, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Steuben, at road crossing near station; top of rail......................

Alder Creek, milk station, 100 feet south of railroad station, west side of railroad, in south, end (east face) of wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1253 ALBANY 1900 ”..........................................

Feet.

1,171.464

1,247.7

1,273.4

1,254.385

BOONVILLE QUADRANGLE.

1,121.306

Boonville, canal Lock No. 71, at railroad station, top of west wall, south end; bronze tablet stamped “1120 ALBANY 1900 ”..................

PORT LEYDEN QUADRANGLE.

Leyden, in front of station; top of rail................................

Port Leyden, Hotel Brunswick, opposite station, front face in brickwork;

bronze tablet stamped “ 897 ALBANY 1900 ”........................

Lyons Falls, in front of station; top of rail............................

Glenfield, railroad station, front face of; bronze tablet stamped “776

ALBANY 1900 ” ................................................

East Martinsburg, in front of station; top of rail.......................

1,007.4

898.400

843.7

777.639

761.3

LOWVILLE QUADRANGLE.

Lowville station, 1,000 feet south of, railroad Bridge No. 756 over creek and highway, west side north abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 863

8'64.512

868.8

737.761

746.2

741.2

742.143

737.4

654.8

ALBANY 1900 ” ................................................

Lowville, in front of station; top of rail...............................

CARTHAGE QUADRANGLE.

Castorland, 1,200 feet south of station, bridge over creek, top of north

abutment, west side; bronze tablet stamped “ 736 ALBANY 1900 ”......

Castorland, in front of station; top of rail............................

Deer River, in front of station; top of rail.............................

Carthage, iron highway bridge over Black' River, end of bridge rail 10 feet west of railroad, top of wing wall, east end; bronze tablet stamped “741

ALBANY 1900 ” ................................................

Carthage, in front of station; top of rail..............................

ANTWERP QUADRANGLE.

Great Bend, in front of station; top of rail

THERESA QUADRANGLE.

Felts Mills, south abutment of Island Bridge over north channel of Black River, on east end of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped “ 583 CAPE

582.456

564.5

381.77

317.09

VINCENT”    ....................................................

Black River, in front of station; top of rail...........................

WATERTOWN QUADRANGLE.

Watertown, 2 miles west of, 100 feet north of railroad and 600 feet south of paper mill, stone culvert under railroad, top of masonry, north end; chiseled square..................................................

CLAYTON QUADRANGLE.

Limerick, stone-arch bridge over Perch River; point on east end of south parapet wall....................................................

ALBANY, ALLEGANY, BROOME, CATTARAUGUS, CHEMUNG, OTSEGO, SCHENECTADY, SCHOHARIE, STEUBEN, AND TIOGA COUNTIES.

Amsterdam, Apalachin, Bath, Berne, Belmont, Binghamton, Cameron, Canaseraga, Cherry Creek, Cohoes, Cooperstown, Corning, Delhi, Dunkirk, Elmira, Gowanda, Hornellsville, Nineveh, Olean, Oneonta, Owego, Redhouse, Richmondville, Salamanca, Schenectady, Schoharie, Shongo, Sidney, and Waverly Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels run between Dunkirk and Binghamton over the line of the Erie Railroad and between Binghamton and Cohoes over the line of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company’s Railway. Between Dunkirk and Elmira the line carried eastward was based on the top of the water table of Nelson Block, Dunkirk, and all bench marks in this portion of the line are stamped with the legend “D 1898” in addition to their figures of elevation, thus referring them to the Dunkirk datum. The section between Cohoes and Elmira was run westward based on the old Gristmill bench mark near Albany, and are stamped “A 1898 ” in addition to the figures of elevation, thus referring them to the Albany datum.

The double-rodded, simultaneous, direct and reverse method was used, with a Buff & Berger precise level, and the rods used were targeted on one side and self-reading on the other. The result of the targeted line in each section was used alone as the adopted line, that face having been tested, the line employing the self-reading faces being used as a check. The closure at Elmira between the two lines was 0.645 foot, but there is a greater difference between the datum of figures stamped on the bench marks on account of an error of 1 foot in the elevation started with in the east section, which was not detected until work was finished.

The elevations used for the aforesaid bench marks prior to 1899 were derived by subtracting 1.085 from the elevations then used by the army engineers, and the aforesaid closure represents the error between the Geological Survey line and the old data furnished by the army engineers, which are now superseded by the recent precise leveling.

The differences of elevation between the various bench marks as shown by the duplicate rodded lines was very small, the final divergence being —0.196 foot for the direct line going eastward and —0.224 foot for the direct line going westward, making a total closure of the target upon the self-reading rod lines -{- 0.028 foot at Schenectady. This divergence is far within the limit set for precise leveling.

This line is composed of six elementary lines used in the 1903 adjustment of the precise-level net by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, which adjustment supersedes its former adjustment of 1900, in which this line formed but one link, and the previous local adjustment by the Geological Survey deriving elevations for these bench marks published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I. Prom Dunkirk eastward the six main junctions with other level lines are at Salamanca, Hornellsville, Elmira, Binghamton, Bainbridge, and Rexford Feeder Bridge (Schenectady).

The corrected elevation for the Nelson Block bench mark is now accepted as 588.866 feet above mean sea level, and the unadjusted line raised to accord with the latter has now been corrected at the other junctions aforesaid, respectively, by the following amounts: -j-0.250, -[-0.286, -[-0.236, —[-0.232, -J-0.161 and —0.005; the corresponding distances from Dunkirk being 44.1, 129.3, 187.7, 246.3, 283.6, and 381.8 miles. The algebraic difference between consecutive figures of the first or second lines is the amount distributed or the distance between those points, respectively.

The leveling was done by Mr. E. L. McNair (now topographer) in the field season of 1898.

DUNKIRK, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO ELMIRA.

DUNKIRK QUADRANGLE.

Dunkirk, St. Mary’s Home and School, Washington avenue, between Third and Fourth streets, in water table 20 feet from northeast corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ 598 DUNKIRK 1899 ”.........................

Dunkirk, Nelson Block, extreme northwest corner of, on top of water table ; chiseled cross ...................................................

Feet.

598.936

588.866

CHERRY CREEK QUADRANGLE.

Sheridan, in front of Erie station; top of rail. . . .......................

Forestville, 530 feet west of entrance to waiting room of Erie station, at northeast corner of iron bridge over highway, in bridge seat, 7 feet north of center of track; bronze tablet stamped “ 871 D ” possibly restamped

“ 1348 D ” .....................................................

Forestville, in front of Erie station; top of rail........................

Smiths Mills, in front of Erie station; top of rail.......................

Smiths Mills, 2.3 miles east of, 10.5 feet north of center of railway track, under west end of overhead highway bridge; bronze tablet in foundation stone stamped “ 1097 D 1898 ”................................

758.3

871.888

875.5

1,010.7

1,098.628

GOWANDA QUADRANGLE.

Perrysburg, in front of Erie| station; top of rail........................

Perrysburg, 400 feet east of waiting room of Erie station, in keystone at north end of arch culvert under railway; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1261 D ” ...................................................

Dayton, 950 feet north of Erie station, 37.5 feet east of center of track, coping of tunnel underneath Erie track, second stepstone from top;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1322 D ”...................................

Dayton, in front of Erie station; top of rail...........................

Cattaraugus, Union school building, in water table at right of main entrance; bronze tablet stamped “1401 D” (possibly restamped “ 1384 D ”)....................................................

1,265.1

1,262.417

1,322.926

1,337.1

1,385.631

Cattaraugus, in front of Erie station; top of rail......................

Little Valley, Cattaraugus County court-house, foundation wall at southwest

corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1593 D ”.........................

Little Valley, in front of Erie station; top of rail.......................

Feet.

1,415.2

1,594.244

1,566.5

BEDHOUSE QUADRANGLE.

Elkdale, in front of station; top of rail................................

Salamanca, 3.25 miles west of, at southwest corner of iron-girder bridge, bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped “1413 D”.......................

1,464.3

1,413.771

SALAMANCA QUADRANGLE.

West Salamanca, in front of flag station; top of rail....................

Salamanca, in front of Erie station; top of rail........................

Salamanca, Union school building on Maple street, in water table at right

of entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1391 DUNKIRK 1899 ”........

Killbuck, in front of flag station; top of rail...........................

Carrollton, in front of station; top of rail.............................

Carrollton, 475 feet east of Erie station, west pier of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway iron bridge crossing over Erie tracks; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1393 D”.........................................

Vandalia, in front of Erie station, top of rail...........................

Allegany, 1.8 miles west of Erie station, on stone arch culvert under Erie Railroad, 75 feet east of road crossing, south end of next to top step ; bronze tablet stamped “ 1408 D ”...................................

1,372.6

1,387.5

1,391.485

1,385.6

1,391.0

1,394.641

1,407.8

1,408.938

OLEAN QUADRANGLE.

Allegany, in front of Erie station; top of rail...........................

Olean, in front of Erie station; top of rail.............................

Olean, city hall and post-office building on State street, northwest corner of,

stone next under water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 1450 D ”,.......

Hinsdale, in front of Erie station; top of rail..........................

Hinsdale, 2.25 miles east of, bridge seat of small girder bridge, 9.5 feet northwest of center of track; bronze tablet stamped “ 1508 D ”

Cuba, in front of Erie station; top of rail.....................

Cuba, 0.5 mile east of Erie station, at south end of pier of stone arch bridge over Union street; aluminum tablet stamped “1517 ALBANY.” (This is a new tablet set in 1903 in old hole).......................

1,415.8

1,430.4

1,451.790

1,493.5

. . 1,509.288 .. 1,534.9

1,516.789

BELMONT QUADRANGLE.

Friendship, in front of Erie station; top of south rail...................

Friendship, Union school building, water table at right of main entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1520 D ”................................

Belvidere, in front of Erie station; top of north rail....................

Belvldere, 0.67 mile east of, south end of wall of abutment at east end of railway bridge over Van Campen Creek, 28 feet south of center of track;

bronze tablet a stamped “1351 D”................................

Belmont, southeast corner of Allegany County jail, in stone foundation;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1416 D ”................................

Belmont, in front of Erie station; top of south rail.....................

1,532.1

1,521.036

1,378.7

1,352.243

1,417.765

1,384.8

SHONGO QUADRANGLE.

Scio, in front of Erie station; top of south rail.........................

Wellsville, at east end of Erie station; top of north rail.................

Wellsville, Union school building, in footstone of arch over northeast

corner entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “1519 D”..............

Andover, 3 miles west of, stone step of iron-girder railroad Bridge No. 8 ;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1573 D ”...................................

Andover, in front of Erie station, main track; top of south rail..........

1,454.2

1,519.6

1,520.514

1,574.208

1,650.2

a The above tablet has been destroyed and another has been set in a building (see primary list).

Feet.

Andover, 2 miles east of, stone foundation at southeast corner of small

railway bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 1675 D”....................

Tip Top Summit, opposite water tank; top of south rail..................

1,676.105

1,773.2

CANASERAGA QUADRANGLE.

Alfred, 0.4 mile west of, east end of Bridge No. 4 over road and creek; top

of north rail....................................................

Alfred, Erie station, water table under front office window, facing track; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1610 D ”................................

1,607.7

1,611.391

HORNELLSVILLE QUADRANGLE..

Almond, in front of Erie station; top of rail...........................

Almond, 950 feet east of Erie station, bridge foundation at northwest corner of small railroad bridge over highway; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1383 D ” ......................................................

Hornellsville, in front of Erie station; top of rail......................

Hornellsville, 0.7 mile east of Erie station, foundation wall at northeast corner of iron railroad bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1141 D ”......

Canisteo, in front of Erie station; top of south rail.....................

Canisteo, 2.1 miles east of, bridge seat at northeast corner of iron-girder

Bridge No. 87 ; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1113 D ”.................

Adrian, in front of Erie station; top of south rail.......................

1,395.0

1,382.914

1,152.8

1,142.481

1,128.0

1,114.092

1,101.7

BATH QUADRANGLE.

Adrian, 3.7 miles east of, in face of rock cliff on east side of Erie Railroad and highway, 400 feet northeast of highway bridge across Oanisteo River, 25 feet from east rail; bronze tablet stamped “ 1080 D ”. .............

1,081.183

CAMERON QUADRANGLE.

Cameron, in front of Erie station; top of north rail....................

Cameron, 180 feet west of Erie station, in stone foundation of railroad

water tank; bronze tablet stamped “ 1048 D ”.......................

Cameron Mills, in front of Erie station ; top of north rail...............

Ratbbone, general merchandise store of F. G. Martin (building owned by O. O. Whittemore), foundation stone at right of main entrance; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1006 D ”.........................................

Rathbone, in front of Erie station; top of south rail....................

1,047.8

1,048.915

1,033.3

1,007.041

1,008.6

CORNING QUADRANGLE.

Addison, in front of Erie station; top of north rail, west-bound track......

Addison, 0.4 mile east of Erie station and 750 feet northwest of tracks, Union school building, at right of main entrance ; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1021 D ”......................................................

Erwins, in front of station; top of rail, east-bound track.................

Painted Post, 0.8 mile west of, in masonry wall of open culvert, east wall of culvert and south side of railroad track; bronze tablet stamped “935 D’’„ . Painted Post, in front of Erie station, east-bound track; top of south rail. .

Corning, in front of station; top of rail................................

Corning, city hall, corner of Erie and Cedar streets, foundation stone under water table at right of Cedar street entrance; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 935 D ’’.......................................................

East Corning, in front of station; top of south rail.....................

985.5

1,022.554

965.2

936.195

938.4

936.3

936.759

909.3

ELMIRA QUADRANGLE.

Big Flats, 1.25 miles west of, in bridge seat at southwest corner of Erie

Railroad Bridge No. 67 A; bronze tablet stamped “ 899 D”...........

Big Flats, in front of Erie station; top of south rail, west-bound track. .. . Horseheads, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail..

900.815

910.8

903.4

Feet.

Horseheads, 0.35 mile southwest of Erie station, on pier of Lackawanna Railroad bridge at crossing of Northern Central Railway, 5Q feet south of center of north-bound track of Northern Central Railway; aluminum

tablet stamped “901 D”..........................................

Horseheads, Northern Central station; northeast corner of stone doorsill of

men’s waiting room...............................................

Elmira, Erie station, east-bound track, opposite distance board; top of

south rail ......................................................

Elmira, city hall, corner of Church and Lake streets, stone pedestal of lamp-post at the left of Lake street entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “ 857 ALBANY ” ................................................

902.111

900.113

857.3

858.626

ELMIRA, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO BINGHAMTON.

Elmira, 0.5 mile east of Erie station, in stone foundation at west end of Erie Railroad bridge across Chemung River, between nearest east-bound tracks; head of iron bolt, chisel mark..............................

850.593

WAVERLY QUADRANGLE.

Wellsburg, 1,800 feet west of station, at southeast corner of Bridge No. 55,

in coping stone of abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “ 824 A”........

Wellsburg, in front of station, east-bound track; top of south rail......

Chemung, 1 mile west of station, at northeast corner of Bridge No. 53 across Chemung River, in coping stone of abutment; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 804 A’’................................................

Chemung, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail..

Waverly, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail.....

Waverly, city hall building on Broad street, stone column between doorways; aluminum tablet stamped “ 840 A”..........................

823.204

825.2

803.077

811.3

829.9

839.336

OWEGO QUADRANGLE.

Barton, in front of Erie station, west-bound track ; top of north rail......

Barton, 1.2 miles east of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 40, in coping

stone of abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “ 798 A”................

Smithboro, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of south rail. . Tioga Center, in front of Erie station, west-bound track ; top of south rail. . Owego, 2.25 miles west of Erie station, southeast corner of Bridge No. 37,

in coping stone of abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “815 A”......

Owego, 700 feet west of station, west-bound track at crossing of Ithaca

branch of Lackawanna Railroad; top of north rail....................

Owego, in front of Erie station, west-bound track; top of north rail......

797.6

797.517

793.1

797.7

815.028

816.6

816.9

APALACHIN QUADRANGLE.

Owego, 2.75 miles east of Erie station, northwest corner of Bridge No. 33,

in coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “812 A’’.................

Campville, in front of station; top of north rail.......................

Union, 1.4 miles west of, northwest corner of Bridge No. 31, across Nanticoke Creek, in coping stone of wing wall of abutment; bronze tablet

stamped “ 825 A”................................................

Union station, in front of station, east-bound track; top of south rail.... Hooper, in front of station; top of south rail, west-bound track..........

811.679

824.9

828.353

835.2

834.5

BINGHAMTON QUADRANGLE.

Lestershire, in front of station, east-bound track; top of south rail.......

Binghamton, Broome County court-house, west end of, at left of basement

entrance from Collier street; aluminum tablet stamped “ 867 A”......

Binghamton, in front of Erie and Delaware and Hudson station, west-bound

track;. top of north rail...........................................

Binghamton, 1 mile east of, at crossing of Delaware and Hudson and Syracuse, Binghamton and New York railroads; top of south rail..........

848.1

866.056

863.5

852.6

BINGHAMTON, ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANY’S RAILROAD, TO SCHENECTADY.

Port Crane, 3.25 miles west of, 900 feet west of road crossing, in parapet wall at east end of culvert under railway; bronze tablet stamped

“ 959 A” .......................................................

Port Crane, in front of station; top of north rail......................

Sanitaria Springs, in front of station; top of north rail................

Sanitaria Springs, 0.33 mile east of station, northeast corner of Bridge No. 107 over highway, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 1126 A” ......................................................

Feet.

958.519

1,041.8

1,117.0

1,125.617

NINEVEH QUADRANGLE.

Tunnel, 0.5 mile west of station, at southeast corner of Bridge No. 104, crossing over road, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1384 A” ......................................................

Tunnel, in front of station; top of north rail...........................

Harpersville station, 1,250 feet west of, southwest corner of iron-trestle Bridge No. 97, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1051 A” ......................................................

Harpersville, in front of station; top of north rail......................

Nineveh, in front of station; top of north rail........................

Afton, in front of station; top of north rail...........................

Afton, 1,050 feet northeast of, northeast corner of iron-girder Bridge No. 90i, crossing over highway, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 973 A”................................................

1,384.002

1,415.2

1,049.041

1,053.7

1,033.7

982.0

972.782

SIDNEY QUADRANGLE.

Bainbridge, 2 miles south of, northeast corner of small cattle-pass opening,

in foundation stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 978 A”.................

Bainbridge, in front of station; top of north rail.......................

Bainbridge, 2.75 miles east of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 84, in coping

stone of abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 989 A”...................

Sidney, 0.25 mile west of Delaware and Hudson station, at crossing of Delaware and Hudson and New York, Ontario and Western railroads;

top of rail......................................................

Sidney, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail......

Unadilla, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail.... 1,025.0 Unadilla, Union school building, foundation wall at left of main entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1024 A”

977.676

1,006.2

989.674

990.9

993.1

1,023.325

ONEONTA QUADRANGLE.

Wells Bridge, 300 feet west of station, northeast corner of highway bridge across Susquehanna River, in coping stone of abutment; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1047 A”...............................................

Wells Bridge, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail. . 1,049.5

Otego, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of rail.............

Otego, 1 mile east of, southeast corner of culvert, third step from top;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1051 A”....................................

Oneonta, State Normal School, in face of west pillar at main entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1232 A”................................

Oneonta, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of north rail......

Oneonta, Delaware and Hudson station;

door into waiting room and dining hall (door faces track and is east of office window) ...................................................

1,046.657

1,063.9

1,050.145

1,231.912

1,083.9

southwest corner of doorsill of

1,086.469

DELHI QUADRANGLE.

Colliers, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of rail...........

Colliers, 700 feet east of, bridge No. 54, across Susquehanna River, northeast corner of coping stone of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1119 A” ......................................................

Cooperstown Junction, in front of station; top of rail.......'............

1,119.3

1,118.493

1,127.3

COOPERSTOWN QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

Maryland, 1.9 miles west of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 51 across

Schenevus Creek, in parapet wall; bronze tablet stamped “1170 A”.... 1,169.850 Maryland, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail.... 1,213.4 Schenevus, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail.... 1,276.3

Schenevus, 0.25 mile east of Delaware and Hudson station, southeast corner of bridge across Schenevus Creek, in coping stone of abutment; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1272 A”........................................

Worcester, 80 feet west of west end of Delaware and Hudson station, foundation of railroad water tank, third course of stone, east side of tank; aluminum tablet stamped “1311 A”.........................

1,271.387

1,310.160

•*

RICHMONDVILLE QUADRANGLE.

Worcester, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail.... 1,306.4 East Worcester, 0.75 mile west of, north end of center pier of railroad

bridge or large culvert; aluminum tablet in capstone stamped “1406 A’’. . 1,405.207 East Worcester, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north

rail ............................................................

Richmondville, 0.6 mile west of, northeast corner of Delaware and Hudson Railroad bridge No. 31, in coping stone of east abutment wall; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1224 A”..........................................

Richmondville, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail. . 1,185.9 Cobleskill, 1 mile west of, south end of culvert at west side of road crossing ; chiseled square

1,434.5

1,223.062

949.23

SCHOHARIE QUADRANGLE.

Cobleskill, Union school building, stone foundation at northwest corner;

bronze tablet stamped “ 930 A’’.....................................

Cobleskill, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north rail.... Barnerville, crossing, on rock 50 feet north of railroad; chiseled square. .. .

Barnerville, crossing, in front of station; top of north rail...............

Howe Cave, in front of Delaware and Hudson station ; top of south rail.... Howe Cave, 1.2 miles east of, bridge seat at northwest corner of small

bridge or open culvert; bronze tablet stamped “731 A”...............

Central Bridge, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north

rail............................................................

Schoharie Junction, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of north

rail ............................................................

Esperance, 1,250 feet west of Delaware and Hudson station, north end of stone culvert under Delaware and Hudson Railroad, in coping stone;

bronze tablet stamped “ 753 A”....................................

Esperance in front of Delaware andi Hudson station; top of north rail....

929.604

909.1 903.833

906.1 795.4

730.725

621.1

598.8

752.440

768.0

BERNE QUADRANGLE.

Delanson, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail

812.5

AMSTERDAM QUADRANGLE.

Duanesburg, 1,000 feet west of Delaware and Hudson station, north end of

east abutment of bridge; bronze tablet stamped “681 A”.............

Duanesburg, in front of Delaware and Hudson station; top of south rail. .

Kelleys, at station ; top of rail........................................

Kelleys, 1.75 miles east of, 750 feet east of highway, at east abutment of cattle and wagon pass, in coping stone; bronze tablet stamped

“ 410 A” .......................................................

South Schenectady, at road crossing of West Shore and Delaware and Hudson railroads ; top of rail. ......................................

680.822

676.6

490.9

409.008

349.1

SCHENECTADY QUADRANGLE.

Schenectady, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge over Erie Canal, northeast corner of coping stone of abutment wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 242 A”..........................................

241.195

SCHENECTADY, ALONG THE ERIE CANAL, TO COHOES.

Schenectady, 4 miles east of, Rexford Feeder Bridge, Erie Canal; coping

.1.5 feet from south corner west abutment...........................

Rexford, 3.5 miles east of; coping stone on south corner of east wall of

west Lock No. 20................................................

Rexford, 3.5 miles east of; top of screw bolt fastening down collar of

southwest gate of west Lock No. 20................................

Rexford, 6.5 miles east of; top of projection of stone on second course of masonry at east corner of south abutment of second canal bridge below Lock No. 19...............................................

Feet.

217.244

208.305

208.396

190.870

COHOES QUADRANGLE.

Cohoes, 3.5 miles west of, east end of lower Mohawk Aqueduct, southwest

corner of parapet wall; chiseled cross inclosed by circle................

Cohoes, on top of wall west side of mill race between Locks Nos. 15 and 16, 6 inches from northeast corner of small brick building between

mill race and towpath; chiseled cross..............................

Cohoes, Lock No. 15, on east wall, south end of west lock; cross cut on

second foot-iron clamp (U. S. Engineer Corps bench mark)............

Cohoes, Lock No. 15, southwest corner of east wall of west lock; top of point of coping...................................................

«*

194.608

159.404

159.890

159.810

CHENANGO, DELAWARE, MADISON, ONEIDA, AND OTSEGO

COUNTIES.

Deposit, Hancock, New Berlin, Oneonta, Oriskany, Sidney, Utica, Walton, Winfield, and Sangerfield Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling over the following route. A small circuit was first run in Utica, recovering various bench marks of other level lines, and closed with an error of 0.01 foot in a total distance of 4.0 miles of double-rodded, direct and reverse, simultaneous lines. The main line thence continues south from Lock No. 46 to a connection near Sidney, or 2.7 miles east of Bainbridge, with the precise-level line run in 1899 by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, the results of which were published in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Geological Survey, Part I, and are republished in this bulletin as corrected by the 1903 adjustment.

Continuing thence south a final connection was made 0.7 mile north of Hancock to the precise-level line run in 1900 by Mr. C. IT. Semper, levelman, the results of which appear in this bulletin. Thus are formed two elementary lines of the precise-level net, 63.6 miles and 43.9 miles, respectively, with a total divergence in each section of only 0.02 foot between the direct and reverse simultaneous lines, though the maximum local divergence amounted to 0.04 foot in a stretch of 5 miles and 0.05 foot in another of 7 miles.

The adjustment of the precise-level net made in the spring of 1903 by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, in which these lines became factors, resulted in increasing the elevation by the unadjusted line 0.119 foot at Sidney with respect tO| Utica, and 0.078 foot at Hancock with respect to Sidney. The elevations here listed result from said adjustment.

A Buff & Berger precise level was used with a 4-incli second vial, and the double-simultaneous method. The leveling was done during part of

July, August, and September, 1001, by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ALBAN'S ” in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

UTICA QUADRANGLE.

Utica, Deep Waterways bench mark, about 50 feet north of north bank of Mohawk River and about 830 feet northeast from northeast corner of railroad bridge over Mohawk River, Black River branch of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad; copper nail in root of elm tree. . . . Utica, post-office, west side of east of two rear entrances in basement area

on building wall; bronze tablet stamped “419 feet”..................

Utica, Seneca Street Bridge, southeast corner of lower step, west wing

towpath (north) abutment; chiseled square..........................

Utica, Whitesboro Street Bridge, old bench mark in new position on top of southeast corner of stone platform at base of east stairs, towpath abutment, about 3 feet above towpath; chiseled circle stamped “ B. M.”

on south face....................................................

Utica, Whitesboro Street Bridge (State Engineer’s B. M. No. 222), southwest corner of stone platform, base of west stairs, towpath abutment, 3 feet

below towpath; copper bolt.......................>................

Utica, Lock No. 46 (State Engineer’s B. M. No. 223), northeast hollow quoin, towpath lock, between anchors; copper bolt....................

Feet.

405.083

417.207

430.14

431.56

431.637

430.410

UTICA, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN, THE UNADILLA VALLEY, AND THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILROADS, TO SIDNEY.

ORISKANY QUADRANGLE.

477.8

537.7

616.6

658.1

690.719

721.4

822.4

Utica, Pleasant Avenue, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad crossing ; top of east rail..............................................

New Hartford, junction with trolley at station; top of east rail..........

Washington Mills, crossing; top of east rail...........................

Willowvale, crossing; top of east rail.................................

Chadwick, 0.5 mile north of, 75 feet west of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad track, brick storehouse of Utica-Willowvale Bleaching Company, in sandstone water table at east end of north wall; aluminum tablet ......................................................

Chadwick, crossing at station; top of east rail..........................

Saquoit, crossing at station; top of east rail...........................

WINFIELD QUADRANGLE.

Clayville, in front of station; top of east rail........

Richfield Junction, in front of new station; top of east rail, main track. .. . 1,176.7 Richfield Junction, 0.36 mile south of, on south end of foundation wall of wooden trestle bent under overhead highway bridge, west side of track;

aluminum tablet stamped “1221 ALBANY 1901”....................

Richfield Junction, 1.15 miles south of, about 250 feet north of red tool house, summit of railroad; top of east rail..........................

985.4

1,221.512

1,271.6

SANGERFIELD QUADRANGLE.

Richfield Junction, 2.84 miles south of, at North Bridgewater crossing

near old milk station; top of east rail...............................

Bridgewater, in front of station; top of east rail........................

1,235.9

1,198.1

LINE CONTINUED SOUTH ALONG THE UNADILLA VALLEY RAILWAY.

Leonardsville, at southeast corner of milk station, in face of corner stone

of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “1152 ALBANY 1901”......

Leonardsville, at crossing near station; top of east rail.................

West Edmeston, crossing; top of east rail.............................

West Edmeston, northeast corner of highway bridge, on coping stone of east abutment; chiseled square.........................................

1,152.551

1.148.7

1.138.8

1,134.21

NEW BERLIN QUADRANGLE.

West Edmeston, 1.55 miles south of, southwest corner of highway bridge,

on coping stone of foundation; chiseled square.......................

Sweets, road crossing near station; top of east rail.....................

South Edmeston, at road crossing; top of east rail......................

South Edmeston, 0.2 mile east of railroad, northeast corner of highway bridge, on top stone of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1110

ALBANY 1901 ” ................................................

New Berlin, New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge No. 52, near northwest end of center pier, on top of coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1089 ALBANY 1901”...................................

Feet.

1,127.18

1,123.8

1,111.0

1,109.984

1,089.291

LINE CONTINUED SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK. ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY.

New Berlin, opposite New York, Ontario and Western station; top of southeast rail........................................................

New Berlin, 1.01 miles south of, south side of stone-arch highway bridge,

on face of keystone; chiseled cross.................................

Sage, crossing near flag station; top of east rail.......................

New Berlin Center, in front of flag station; top of east rail..............

Davis, crossing; top of east rail......................................

South New Berlin, railroad crossing south of station; top of east rail......

South New Berlin, Baptist Church, under front window, north side of entrance, near northwest corner of building, in third course of brick above water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1059 ALBANY 1901 ”. .. . 1,059.667 New Berlin, 1.21 miles south of, southeast corner of railroad bridge, on

abutment; chiseled square...........................

Holmesville, in front of station, main track; top of east rail

1,093.4

1,091.32

1,085.1

1,073.6

1,074.0

1,057.0

1,074.24

1,067.8

SIDNEY QUADRANGLE.

Holmesville, 1.77 miles south of, southeast abutment of wooden railroad

bridge; chiseled square...........................................

White’s store, in front of station; top of east rail.......................

Lathams Corners, at north crossing; top of east rail.....................

Rockwells Mills, at crossing near station, main track; top of east rail.....

Mount Upton, Methodist Church, north side of front (east) entrance, in third course of foundation stone abovej ground; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1035 ALBANY 1901 ”...........................................

Mount Upton, in front of station; top of east rail.......................

Mount Upton, 2.38 miles south of, northwest corner of large iron highway bridge over Unadilla River, 150 feet east of track, on coping; chiseled

square ............ .............................................

Rockdale, in front of station; top of east rail...........................

New Berlin Junction, at highway crossing, on New York, Ontario and Western Railway; toj> of east rail, main line.........................

1,054.54

1,072.8

1,049.9

1,055.4

1,035.710

1,047.2

1,017.07

1,020.18

1,084.4

LINE CONTINUED SOUTH, ALONG THE MAIN LINE OF THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO SIDNEY,- THENCE WEST.

Sidney, at junction, grade crossing of Delaware and Hudson and New York,

Ontario and Western railways, top of rail...........................

Bainbridge, 2.7 miles east of, on coping stone at southwest corner of bridge No. 84, bronze tablet stamped “ 989 ALBANY 1901”.................

990.9

989.674

SIDNEY, ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, SOUTHEAST TO WALTON, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO HANCOCK.

SIDNEY QUA.DR ANGLE.

South Unadilla, in front of station; top of east rail.

Youngs, in front of station; top of north rail......

Maywood, in front of station; top of east rail........

1.159.3

1.238.3 1,386.5

Maywood (Sidney Center), trestle No. 216, under north side of third trestle tower from east end, in top of old pier, aluminum tablet stamped “ 1344 ALBANY 1901 ”.................................................

Feet.

1,344.405

ONEONTA QUADRANGLE.

Franklin station, crossing; top of north rail...........................

Merrickville, at crossing ; top of north rail............................

Northfleld, 0.37 mile northwest of, 30 feet south of south end of Zigzag tunnel, vertical face of rock on west side of track about 6 feet above

rail; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1766 ALBANY 1901”................

Northfield, 0.37 mile northwest of, at railroad summit, north end of oil

house; top of east rail...........................................

Northfleld, in front of station; top of northeast rail....................

1,582.2

1,700.0

1,766.900

1.765.1

1.757.2

WALTON QUADRANGLE.

Northfleld, 5.95 miles southeast of, southeast corner of bridge, on foundation stone; chiseled square........................................

Walton, in front of station; top of rail................................

Walton, southwest corner of North and Gardiner streets, northeast corner of Ogden Free Library, east face of corner of water table; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 1215 ALBANY 1901 ”..............................

Pine, switch crossing; top of southeast rail.............................

Beerston, at crossing, main track; top of south rail....................

Rock Rift, 0.5 mile north of, 150 feet south of crossing, on east side of track, 4 feet above rail, on face of ledge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1214

ALBANY 1901 ”.................................................

Rock Rift, in front of station; top of east rail...........................

1,312.68

1,233.4

1,216.051

1,201.1

1,181.3

1,214.760

1,226.8

DEPOSIT QUADRANGLE.

1,461.3

1,445.1

Apex, 0.45 mile north of, at railroad summit; top of east rail Apex, in front of station; top of east rail..................

HANCOCK QUADRANGLE.

Cadosia, 0.17 mile west of, at west abutment of trestle No. “ B 1,” on south corner of .coping stone of parapet wall; aluminum tablet a stamped

“ 990 ALBANY 1901 ”............................................

Hancock, in front of Erie station, north-bound/ track; top of north rail. . . . Hancock, southeast corner of Bridge No. 18, on foundation stone; chiseled

square .........................................................

Hancock, 0.75 mile north of, southeast corner of large steel Bridge No. 19, top of parapet wall, 6 feet east of rail; bronze tablet stamped “ 924 ALBANY 1900 ”.................................................

990.572

923.7

912.74

924.721

BROOME, DELAWARE, ORANGE, SULLIVAN, AND ULSTER COUNTIES.

Binghamton, Deposit, Goshen, Hancock, Narrowsburg, Newburg, Nineveh, Long Eddy, Poughkeepsie, and Pott Jervis Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels run from Binghamton to Poughkeepsie. The two sections of this line, Binghamton to Hancock and Hancock to Poughkeepsie, form links in the net of precise leveling 49 and 138 miles, respectively, in length. The result of the 1903 adjustment was to increase the elevation at Hancock with respect to Binghamton 0.042 foot and to increase the elevation at Poughkeepsie with respect to Hancock 0.423 foot. The double-simultaneous method

a From this point via Main street downnill to Erie station, thence "northwest to tablet.

was employed, with a Buff & Berger precise level and an 8-second vial. The Pennsylvania portions of this line will be published under Pennsylvania.

The leveling was done during June, July, and August, 1900, by Mr. C. TL Semper, levelman. The standard bench marks are referred to the Albany datum and are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

BINGHAMTON, ALONG ERIE RAILROAD VIA HANCOCK, TO MIDDLETOWN.

BINGHAMTON QUADRANGLE.

Binghamton, Broome County court-house, west end of, at left of basement

entrance from Collier street; aluminum tablet stamped “ 867 A”......

Langdon, 1,000 feet north of station, top of south abutment west side of

creek culvert; bronze tablet stamped “ 860 ALBANY 1900 ”..........

Langdon, in front of station; top of rail...............................

Kirkwood, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail............

Kirkwood, 0.5 mile south of, retaining wall signal tower, in northwest corner, 7 feet northwest of tower house; railroad spike in top of timber

of retaining wall.................................................

Riverside, in front of station ; top of rail..............................

Feet.

866.056

860.468

864.4

871.6

872.52

869.8

NINEVEH QUADRANGLE.

Gulf Summit, at railroad crossing near station, north-bound track; top

of rail..........................................................

Oquaga, at railroad crossing by station, north-bound track; top of rail.... 1,153.6

1,363.5

DEPOSIT QUADRANGLE.

Deposit, 1 mile west of, iron bridge over river, south wing of east abutment; bronze tablet marked “ 1026 ALBANY 1900 ”..................

Deposit, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail...............

Deposit, 4.4 miles south of, north abutment of iron bridge, west side, top

of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped “ 978 ALBANY 1900 ”...........

Hales Eddy, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail............

1,026.543

1,003.7

978.972

973.3

HANCOCK QUADRANGLE.

Hancock, 0.7 mile northwest of, large steel bridge, on top of parapet wall, 6 feet east of rail; bronze tablet stamped “ 924 ALBANY 1900

Hancock, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail.............

Stockport, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail.............

Stockport, 1.1 miles south of, Bridge No. 17, west abutment,' south side, on top of second step ; bronze tablet stamped “ 882 ALBANY 1900 ”. . . .

924.721

923.7

891.9

882.904

LONG EDDY QUADRANGLE.

Lordville, opposite milepost “ J. C. 153 B. 271 ”, north-bound track; top

of rail .........................................................

Lordville, at railroad station, suspension bridge over Delaware River, in face of north abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 865 ALBANY 1900 ”... Long Eddy, 400 feet north of station, girder bridge, east side of south abutment, in top of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped “ 834 ALBANY

1900 ” .........................................................

Long Eddy, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail............

Hankins, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail..............

Hankins, 1 mile south of, 100 feet west of milepost “ J C 141 ”, south side of railroad, in west abutment of small bridge over creek; aluminum

tablet stamped “801 ALBANY 1900 ”..............................

Callicoon, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail.............

Callicoon, 900 feet south of station, railroad girder bridge over Delaware River, top of north abutment, east side; bronze tablet stamped “780 ALBANY 1900 ”.................................................

869.3

865.915

835.195

836.7

807.5

802.015

782.3

780.683

GOSHEN QUADRANGLE.

688.2

562.1

558.919

482.0

419.0

372.4

409.078

NARROWSBURG QUADRANGLE.

Cohecton, 100 feet north of station, railroad bridge over highway, top of north abutment, east side; bronze tablet stamped “ 746 ALBANY 1900 ”. .

Cohecton, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail.............

Narrowsburg, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail..........

Narrowsburg, 600 feet west of station, 100 feet west of east end of rock

cut, north side; bronze tablet stamped “ 718 ALBANY 1900 ”.........

Tusten, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail................

Feet.

746.777

749.0

715.6

718.717

684.6

PORT JERVIS QUADRANGLE.

Sparrowbusb, in front of station, north-bound track; top of rail.........

Port Jervis, Erie Railroad bridge over East Main street, top of south abutment, west side, first step below bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped

“ 456 ALBANY 1900 ”............................................

Guymard, 600 feet north of station, railroad culvert, top of north abutment,

west side; bronze tablet stamped “ 780 ALBANY 1900 ”...............

Otisville, 500 feet west of station, small railroad bridge over private road, west abutment, north side, top of bridge seat; bronze tablet stamped

“ 861 ALBANY 1900 ”............................................

Otisville, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail..............

473.4

457.077

780.914

862.219

857.5

Howells, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail...............

Middletown, in front of station, west-bound track; top of rail............

Middletown, Clemson Brothers’ saw shop, in front face of brickwork, left of office entrance; bronze tablet stamped “ 558 ALBANY 1900 ”........

MIDDLETOWN, ALONG NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO CAMPBELL HALL.

Mechanicstown, in front of station; top of rail.........................

Crystal Run, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Stony Ford, in front of station ; top of rail............................

Campbell Hall, Campbell Hall Hotel, south face of brickwork; bronze tablet stamped “ 408 ALBANY 1900 ”...,..........................

CAMPBELL HALL, NORTH ALONG WALLKILL VALLEY RAILROAD, TO WALDEN, THENCE TO EAST WALDEN, AND ALONG CENTRAL NEW ENGLAND RAILWAY TO POUGHKEEPSIE.

NEWBURG QUADRANGLE.

Neeleytown, in front of station; top of rail............................

Beaver Dam, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Walden, National Bank, southwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped

376.5

403.7

“ 376 ”

St. Elmo, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Modena, in front of station; top of rail................................

Moubray, in front of station; top of rail...............................

Elting, in front of station; top of rail.................................

Clintondale, in front of station; top of rail.............................

Lloyd, street railroad in front of station; top of rail....................

Lloyd, Centerville Hotel, southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 359 ”. . .

375.136

435.2 465.8

454.2 421.0

386.3 353.6 358.177

POUGHKEEPSIE QUADRANGLE.

172.991

Poughkeepsie, corner of Main and Washington streets, in front face of city hall; aluminum tablet stamped “173 A”.......................

CHEMUNG COUNTY.

Elmira Quadrangle.

The following elevations are a portion of the results of a line of precise levels run in 1899 by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, south over the Northern

Central Railway to Williamsport, Pa. The remainder of results and a fuller description of this line will be published under Pennsylvania.

ELMIRA. SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY, TO WILLIAMSPORT, PA.

Feet.

854.3

Southport, in front of station; top of east rail..........................

Elmira, 7 miles south of, creek and cattle-pass culvert, west side of railroad,

1,068.338

in wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1067 HARRISBURG 1899 ”..........

State boundary (New York-Pennsylvania) line post, opposite; top of rail.. 1,096.7

ALLEGANY, LIVINGSTON, MONROE AND STEUBEN COUNTIES.

Caledonia, Canaseraga, Honeoye, Hornellsville, Nunda, and Rochester Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise leveling, based upon the Rochester datum connecting the Lake Survey gage bench mark at Charlotte with the State engineer’s level line of 1901 at Rochester and continued south to a final connection at Hornellsville with the precise-level line run by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, in 1899.

This line forms an element in the precise-level net and a factor in the 1903 adjustment of the same made by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. The amount of correction this line received by this adjustment is 0.084 foot in a total distance of 88.4 miles, the original elevation at Hornellsville by this line being lowered with respect to Charlotte. The total divergence of the direct and reverse, simultaneous rodded lines is 0.096 foot.

The double-simultaneous method was employed, with a Buff & Berger precise level and a 4-second vial. The leveling was done during part of September, 1901, and part of August and September, 1902, by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters “ ROCHESTER ” in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

CHARLOTTE, SOUTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL, THE PENNSYLVANIA, THE LEHIGH VALLEY, THE PITTSBURG, SHAWMUT AND NORTHERN, AND THE ERIE RAILROADS, VIA ROCHESTER AND NUNDA, TO HORNELLSVILLE.

ROCHESTER QUADRANGLE.

Cbarlotte, 0.22 mile northeast of New York Central station, old light-bouse, upper side of water table at south-southeast angle, east of the south

window; chiseled cross (U. S. L. S. B. M.)..........................

Barnard, crossing; top of northwest rail.................'..............

Little Ridge crossing; top of west rail................................

Rochester, Ridgeway avenue, or Big road crossing; top of west rail......

Rochester, highway bridge No. 87, over barge canal, south abutment, east

wing; chiseled square on lowest step................................

Rochester (State engineer’s bench mark No. 457), Rowe Street Bridge No.

86, near towpath, on foundation under east tower; chiseled square......

Rochester, Rowe Street Bridge (Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway),

southwest corner, on parapet stone; chiseled square..................

Rochester, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge over Niagara

Falls Railroad, southwest corner, on parapet wall; chiseled square.....

Rochester, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge over New York Central Railroad; top of west rail............................

Feet.

283.168

401.4

432.1

472.1

512.22

512.64

527.10

548.81

561.5

Feet.

Rochester, grade crossing of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg main line over Pennsylvania (branch) Railroad; top of rail.........................

543.4

LINE CONTINUED SOUTH ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.

Rochester, 0.22 mile south of, Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway crossing, west of track, near north end of stone culvert; chiseled

square .........................................................

Genesee Junction, West Shore Railroad bridge, northeast corner, near

northwest corner of parapet stone; chiseled square...................

Genesee Junction, in front of station; top of east rail...................

Genesee Junction, 1.49 miles south of, southeast corner of small bridge

over old canal, coping of foundation wall; chiseled square.............

Whites, road crossing, near flag station; top of east rail.................

Whites, 0.72 mile south of, old lock, west side wall, south quoin between

anchors ; chiseled square..........................................

Severance, in front of flag station; top of east rail......................

Severance, 640 feet south of, northwest corner of bridge over canal, on

coping stone; chiseled square......................................

Severance, 2.23 miles south of, northeast corner of highway bridge over

canal, on coping stone; chiseled square..............................

Scottsville, 800 feet north of station, south side of creek overflow dam, on top of stone pier; bronze tablet stamped “ 537 ROCHESTER 1902 ”. . Scottsville, in front of station, main track; top of west rail..............

538.32

524.75

526.0

525.90

527.1

530.93

532.6

531.38

534.53

535.447

538.4

IIONEOYE QUADRANGLE.

Scottsville, 1.75 miles south of, southwest corner of culvert, on coping stone;

chiseled square ..................................................

Honeoye Junction, in front of flag station; top of east rail................

I-Ioneoye Junction, Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge No. 34, northeast corner, near corner of foundation coping stone; chiseled square................

LINE CONTINUED EAST ALONG LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD.

Genesee Valley Junction, grade crossing of Erie and Lehigh Valley railroads ; top of rail................................................

540.30

537.3

553.584

538.8

CALEDONIA QUADRANGLE.

LINE CONTINUED ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD SOUTHWEST TO AVON, THENCE ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.

Avon, near Pennsylvania Railroad station, road crossing; top of east rail. . Fowlerville, 1.42 miles north of, remains of old canal lock, west wall,

near center of top stone; chiseled square............................

Fowlerville, in front of station; top of east rail........................

York, in front of station; top of east rail.............................

York, 1.02 miles south of, east side of track, on coping stone of culvert;

chiseled square ......................................,...........

Piffard, 660 feet north of, west side of track, east side wall of drain from

salt works, on coping stone; chiseled square.........................

Piffard, in front of station; top of east rail............................

Piffard, 1.91 miles south of, east side of track, southeast corner of large

culvert) wall, on coping stone; chiseled square........................

Cuylerville, in front of station; top of east rail.........................

Cuylerville, 0.53 mile south of, northwest corner of Bridge No. 5, on northwest corner of parapet wall; chiseled square.........................

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Junction, grade crossing; top of east rail ............................................................

543.5

551.98

561.2

561.3

555.76

564.90

569.0

566.58

569.9

569.29

586.8

NUNDA QUADRANGLE.

Mount Morris, 2,200 feet east of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western station, at northwest corner of railroad bridge, on coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 575 ROCHESTER 1901”.......................

574.084

Feet.

Mount Morris, 0.52 mile north of Erie Railroad station, grade crossing of

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western; top of rail.....................

Mount Morris, in front of Erie station; top of west rail.................

Mount Morris, 0.48 mile south of Erie Railroad station, southeast corner of Pennsylvania railroad bridge, near northeast corner of parapet wall;

chiseled square ..................................................

Sonyea, 0.3 mile north of, southwest corner of girder bridge over highway,

top of parapet wall; chiseled square................................

Sonyea, in front of station; top of east rail............................

Sonyea, 0.54 mile south of, center of Bridge No. 12 over Keshaqua

Creek; top of east rail............................................

Sonyea, 2.38 miles south of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 13, near northeast corner of parapet wall; chiseled square.........................

Tuscarora, 0.61 mile north of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 15, northeast

corner of parapet wall; chiseled square.............................

Tuscarora, in front of station; top of east rail..........................

Tuscarora, 1,100 feet south of, southeast corner of bridge, top of parapet

wall; bronze tablet marked “ 773 ROCHESTER 1902 ”................

Nunda Junction, in front of station; top of east rail, Swains branch......

Nunda, in front of station; top of west rail.............................

Nunda, Fireman’s Hall, front face, 1 foot from northwest corner, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 944 ROCHESTER 1902 ”...........

574.2

597.4

603.72

611.56

623.5

630.6

707.58

748.82

767.1

773.302

868.7

941.0

944.345

LINE CONTINUED ALONG THE PITTSBURG, SHAWMUT AND NORTHERN RAILROAD.

Nunda, 4.27 miles southeast of, 60 feet south of crossing, west side of track,

on coping stone of box drain; chiseled square........................

Ross crossing, 1.40 miles northwest of, small wooden bridge near farm crossing; top of east rail..........................................

1,253.96

1,290.5

LINE CONTINUED ALONG ERIE RAILROAD.

Ross crossing, 200 feet southeast of, between tracks, north side of open culvert, on coping stone; chiseled square............................

1,317.95

CANASERAGA QUADRANGLE.

Swains, 1.7 miles north of, southeast corner of steel-girder bridge over

small stream, on parapet wall; chiseled square......................

Swains, north of the Pittsburg, Shawmut and Northern Railroad station, near southwest corner of highway bridge, south of railroad, in west wing

wall, on large flat stone; chiseled square............................

Swains, 200 feet south of Erie railroad station, small Union Church, northwest corner of, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “1316

ROCHESTER 1902 ” .............................................

Swains, in front of Erie station; top of north rail......................

Swains, 0.4 mile southeast of, northwest corner of Bridge No. 9, on coping

stone of foundation; chiseled square................................

Swains, 1.79 miles southeast of, northeast corner of Bridge No. 8, on parapet

wall; chiseled square.............................................

Garwood, in front of station; top of south rail, north-bound track........

Canaseraga, 0.2 mile northwest of, northeast corner of Bridge No 6}, on

foundation stone ; chiseled square...................................

Canaseraga, in front of station, west-bound track; top of south rail.......

Canaseraga, Kingston Hotel, southwest corner, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1253 ROCHESTER 1902    ......................

1,305.38

1,298.58

1,316.658

1,307.5

1,297.10

1,275.69

1,274.9

1,260.33

1,257.0

1,252.973

HORNELLSVILLE QUADRANGLE.

Burns, in front of station; top of northeast rail........................

Burns, 0.4 mile southeast of, north side of track, on east wall of open

culvert; chiseled square...........................................

Arkport, in front of station; top of north rail..........................

1,196.2

1,190.10

1,191.9

Feet.

Arkport, Methodist Protestant Church, southeast corner, in foundation stone;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1188 ROCHESTER 1902 ”................

Arkport, 1.91 miles south of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 4, on wing

wall; chiseled square.............................................

Hornellsville, 0.66 mile north of station, southeast corner of Bridge No. 1,

on foundation stone; chiseled square..................'..............

Hornellsville, 0.7 mile east of station, northeast corner of railroad bridge, on foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “1141 D”.............

1,188.284

1,169.0

1,169.04

1,142.481

CATTARAUGUS COUNTY.

Redhouse and Salamanca Quadrangles.

The total divergence between the two lines was 0.043 foot, and the result of two independent double-simultaneous lines of precise leveling run in opposite directions between Salamanca, N. Y., and Irvineton, Pa.

The total divergence between the two lines was 0.043 foot, and the divergence in the rerun line of 1902 alone was 0.011 foot. The total correction to the mean line by the latest adjustment is 0.128 foot in the total distance of 48.8 miles, increasing the elevation at Irvineton with respect to Salamanca, the correction to the 1902 line alone being 0.085 foot. A Buff & Berger precise level was employed in each case, though with an 8-second vial in first line and a 4-second vial in later line. The leveling on the forward line was done in 1899 by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer, and on the backward line in 1902 by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer. The standard bench marks are referred to the Dunkirk datum and are stamped with the letters “DUNKIRK” in addition to the figures of elevation and year 1899.

SALAMANCA, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, TO

STATE LINE.

SALAMANCA QUADRANGLE.

Salamanca, Union High School building, Maple street, at right of entrance,

in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1391 DUNKIRK 1899 ”......

Feet.

1,391.485

REDHOUSE QUADRANGLE.

Shongo, in front of station; top of north rail..........................

Redhouse, in front of station, main track; top of south rail.i............

Redhouse, 0.56 mile southwest of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 126, on foundation coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1340 DUNKIRK

1899 ” .........................................................

Cold Spring, in front of signboard; top of south rail...................

Quaker Bridge, in front of station; top of rail..........................

Quaker Bridge, 1.03 miles southwest of, northeast corner of steel-truss bridge, on foundation coping stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1316

DUNKIRK 1899 ”................................................

Wolf Run, in front of station; top of south rail.......................

Wolf Run, 0.10 mile west of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 121, on parapet

of coping stone; chiseled square....................................

Onoville, in front of station; top of west rail..........................

State line, opposite boundary post; top of east rail......................

1,372.0

1,345.9

1,340.904

1,327.5

1,329.4

1,317.298

1,328.9

1,327.018

1,306.6

1,295.2

CHAUTAUQUA AND ERIE COUNTIES.

Buffalo, Dunkirk, Eden, and Silver Creek Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a line of precise levels connecting army engineers’ bench marks at Buffalo and Dunkirk which

were formerly established from lake gaging. This line is an element in the precise-level net and became a factor in the adjustment made by the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey in the spring of 1903. In accord with this adjustment a correction of 0.217 foot has been distributed proportional to the distance throughout this line to the unadjusted results, raising the elevation at Dunkirk 0.217 foot with respect to Buffalo. The unadjusted results close low 0.034 foot at'Dunkirk upon the latest unadjusted water levels from figures in part given, by the War Department corrected to a common elevation at Buffalo. The water-level connection was derived by comparisons made between Buffalo and Erie and between Erie and Dunkirk. The elevation at Dunkirk, upon the old army engineers’ datum, was obtained from a local office several years ago and no new records were obtainable, but the relative heights of the Buffalo and Erie bench marks have been more correctly determined by addition of later gage records.

The water leveling to the Dunkirk bench mark has not entered as a factor in the adjustment, since its weight was in doubt; there has thus been 0.184 foot correction made to the water leveling between Buffalo and Dunkirk by the adjustment.

The double-simultaneous method was employed with a Buff & Berger precise level and a 4-second vial. The total length of this double-rodded line is 40.87 miles, and the total divergence, 0.101 foot. The leveling was done during part of July and August, 1902, by Mr. D. H. Baldwin, topographer in charge. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters “ ROCHESTER ” in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

BUFFALO, ALONG THE LAKE SHORE AND MICHIGAN SOUTHERN RAILWAY,

TO DUNKIRK.

BUFFALO QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

Buffalo (United States Engineers’ bench, mark and State Canal bench mark No. 553), South United States Pier Light House, upper surface of plinth; east angle stamped by chiseling in stone so as to leave a rounded point. .

Buffalo, Michigan Street Bridge over Buffalo Creek; surface of floor.......

Buffalo, Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark, northwest corner of bridge

over Ohio Slip; in top of foundation stone; iron bolt........ .......

Buffalo, northwest of New York Central switch tower, 24 feet from old stone milepost, 10 feet west of track; top of rail driven vertically

in ground.......................................................

Buffalo, grade crossing of Erie Railroad, four tracks; top of rail.........

Buffalo, southeast corner of three-span, iron-truss bridge, overhead crossing of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, on south corner of fourteenth step from top of wing wall about level with track; chiseled

square .........................................................

Buffalo (railroad bench mark), northwest corner two-span, steel-truss Bridge No. 267, over Buffalo River, southwest corner of parapet wall;

chiseled: circle....................................................

West Seneca, 0.58 mile north of, end of trestle and two-span bridge overhead crossing, at north end of stone pier about 4 feet above main

track, on coping stone; chiseled square.............................

West Seneca, in front of station; top of rail.........................

West Seneca, 1.04 miles south of (New York Central Railroad bench mark), 20 feet south of survey station 606 + 50, 400 feet south of switch tower; top of rail driven vertically in ground..............................

590.099

587.0

586.228

589.591

585.4

585.66

591.46

589.16

599.9

591.27

Athol Springs, in front of station; top of rail..........................

Athol Springs, 0.76 mile south of, milepost “ B 11 ” north face, 6 feet

above ground; chiseled square.    ................................

Athol Springs, 0.91 mile south of, southeast corner of stone-arch culvert bridge, in south face of coping stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 631

ROCHESTER 1902 ” .............................................

Athol Springs, 1.1 miles south of, road crossing to “ Hamburg-on-the-Lake; ” top of east rail...........................................

Feet.

626.0

640.54

631.110

636.6

EDEN QUADRANGLE.

Athol Springs, 1.79 miles south of, near Hamburg station on Pennsylvania Railroad, road crossing on Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway;

top of rail......................................................

Lake View, 1.99 miles north of, west end of box culvert; northeast corner

of coping stone; chiseled square....................................

Lake View, in front of station; top of rail...............

North Evans, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Derby, 1.29 miles north of, 200 feet east of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern track, southeast corner of highway bridge, crossing Pennsylvania Railroad, in west face of concrete wing wall 2 feet above ground ;

bronze tablet stamped “ 724 ROCHESTER 1902 ”.....................

Derby, in front of station; top of rail.................................

Derby, 1.27 miles south of trestle No. 236, southwest corner, near northwest corner of coping stone; chiseled square.............................

651.6

665.55

708.8

697.5

723.807

704.6

681.08

SILVER CREEK QUADRANGLE.

Angola, 1.69 miles northeast of, northeast corner of trestle over cattle pass,

1 foot above track, on coping stone of wing wall; chiseled square......

Angola, 0.51 mile northeast of, southwest corner of truss and stone-arch Bridge No. 228, near northwest corner of coping stone; chiseled square. .

Angola, in front of station; top of rail.............................. . .

Farnham, southeast corner of Bridge No. 220, in east face of parapet coping

stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 633 ROCHESTER 1902 ”..............

Farnham, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Farnham, 1.21 miles southwest of, northeast corner of culvert 218, on

coping stone; chiseled square......................................

Irving, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Silver Creek, southeast corner of Bridge No. 207 over Dunkirk street,

near east corner of parapet wall; chiseled square.....................

Silver Creek, in front of station ; top of rail............................

Silver Creek, 1.58 miles southwest of, southeast corner of Bridge No. 204 (A52), near southeast corner of parapet stone; chiseled square........

677.16

680.06

690.0

632.956

632.3

610.15

601.7

622.10

625.5

628.02

DUNKIRK QUADRANGLE.

Waites crossing, nearly opposite flag station ; top of east rail............

Waites crossing, 0.70 mile south of, southeast corner of cattle pass Bridge

No. 195, at east corner of parapet stone; chiseled square..............

Dunkirk, in front of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern railway station;

top of rail......................................................

Dunkirk, St. Mary’s Home and School, Washington avenue, between Third and Fourth streets, in water table 20 feet from northeast corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ 598 DUNKIRK 1899 ”.........................

625.4

624.10

598.9

598.936

PRIMARY LEVELING.

NASSAU, QUEENS, AND SUFFOLK COUNTIES.

Babylon, Hempstead, Moriches, New York, Northport, Oyster Bay, Riverhead, and Setauket Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon army engineers’ bench mark “ —|—18.0555 ” cut on the face of the retaining wall of Long Dock, in the military post grounds at Willets Point, and corrected also in agreement with United States Coast and Geodetic Survey elevation at Patchogue.

The elevation of this is accepted as 14.135 feet above mean sea level, as obtained from tidal-gage observations made by the Coast and Geodetic Survey and the Army Engineer Corps at Willets Point. The elevations listed on the Hempstead and Oyster Bay quadrangles are republished for completeness without correction from the Nineteenth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey, pp. 215-217.

The leveling on the Hempstead and Oyster Bay quadrangles was done in 1897 under the direction of Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; that on the Northport and Babylon quadrangles was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman; that on the Setauket quadrangle was done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. Geo. H. Guerdrum, topographer, by Mr. Alfred P. Meade, Jr.; and that on the Moriches and Riverhead quadrangles was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. J. M. Whitman, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters referring to “WILLETS PT.” in addition to the figures of elevation.

NEW YORK QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

14.135

85.163

105.291

18.834

WILLETS POINT, SOUTH VIA BAYSIDE TO QUEENS, THENCE EAST TO MINEOLA.

Willets Point, military post grounds, long dock; face of retaining wall under coal shed, marked “ +18.0555 ” with chisel....................

HEMPSTEAD QUADRANGLE.

Creedmoor schoolhouse, northwest corner of Madison avenue and Pine street, 15 feet from south line of lot and 2 feet from front line; iron post stamped “85 W. P.”.........................................

MINEOLA, SOUTHEAST VIA GARDEN CITY AND HEMPSTEAD, TO MERRICK.

Mineola, in coping west end north pier of railroad water tank; bronze

tablet stamped “ 105 W. P.”.......................................

Merrick, southwest corner of railroad crossing, about 15 feet from center of track, 5 feet west of line of street, 15 feet north of corner of stone; iron post stamped “ 19 W. P.”.....................................

MERRICK, WEST VIA FREEPORT TO ROCKVILLE, THENCE NORTH TO MINEOLA.

Rockville Center, northeast corner of Village avenue and Observer street, in stone water table of brick building north of door between pilaster and window; bronze tablet stamped “ 26 W. P.”..........................

EAST NORWICH, WEST VIA ROSLYN TO BAYSIDE.

Roslyn, west side of south front of upper basin on public fountain; bronze tablet stamped “37 W. P.”........................................

37.452

OYSTER BAY QUADRANGLE.

MINEOLA, NORTHEAST VIA JERICHO, TO EAST NORWICH.

Jericho, opposite hotel; top of marble highway monument in triangle of

roads........................................................

Jericho, Jericho pike at forks of road to Oyster Bay and Syosset, retaining wall east of road, 15 feet from driveway to residence; bronze tablet stamped “ 218 W. P.”............................................

Feet.

194.08

218.160

NORTHPORT QUADRANGLE.

JERICHO, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD, TO EAST NORTHPORT.

Syosset, road crossing at station; top of rail..........................

Syosset, 1.9 miles east of, overhead railroad bridge, south end of east

abutment; top of bridge seat, chiseled square........................

Cold Spring, at road crossing at station; top of rail.....................

Huntington, northwest corner of Central Presbyterian Church on Main street, front face; bronze tablet stamped “52 WILLETS PT. 1901”.....

205.9

161.38

129.8

52.193

EAST NORTHPORT, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY VIA COMMACK, TO BRENTWOOD, THENCE WEST ALONG RAILROAD TO DEERPARK.

East Northport, 0.2 mile south of station, south corner of schoolhouse, front

face; bronze tablet stamped “ 229 WILLETS PT. 1901"..............

Commack, near post-office, northeast angle of crossroads; large flat rock. . ..

Brentwood, 200 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail..........

Brentwood, southeast corner of Presbyterian Church, 500 feet south of station, front face; bronze tablet stamped “87 WILLETS PT. 1901”....

Edgewood, 100 feet south of station, at road crossing; top of rail........

Deerpark, 800 feet south of road crossing, in front face of south corner of church; bronze tablet stamped “72 WILLETS PT. 1901”............

229.433

131.57

86.0

87.401

77.5

72.071

EAST NORTHPORT, EAST ALONG THE LONG ISLAND RAILROAD, TO KINGS PARK.

East Northport, 2 miles east of, Bread and Cheese Hollow Bridge across a

ravine, west end; top of rail......................................

Kings Park, road crossing; top of high rail............................

147.9

171.8

BABYLON QUADRANGLE.

DEERPARK, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO BABYLON.

Babylon, Deerpark avenue crossing; top of rail........................

Babylon, Methodist Episcopal Church on Deerpark avenue, front face near north end; bronze tablet stamped “17 WILLETS PT. 1901”..........

13.0

16.677

BABYLON, NORTHWEST ALONG RAILROAD VIA FARMINGDALE, TO JERICHO.

Farmingdale, at main street crossing, top of rail ......................

Farmingdale, front face of Catholic Church on Cherry street, east end; bronze tablet stamped “ 74 WILLETS PT. 1901 ”......................

71

73.550

SETAUKET QUADRANGLE.

KINGS PARK, EAST ALONG THE LONG ISLAND RAILROAD TO PORT JEFFERSON, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAYS SOUTH TO HOLTS-VILLE, THENCE WEST TO BRENTWOOD.

Smithtown, southwest wing wall of big railroad bridge, cement pier, west end of bridge; bronze tablet stamped “26 WILLETS”..............

Feet.

Stony Brook, 300 feet east of station, 30 feet north of track, at foot of triple

tree; top of big rock, chiseled square................................

Setauket, 100 feet west of station, north side of east abutment of railroad

bridge; top of first step below coping................................

Port Jefferson, at east end of station, railroad crossing; top of north rail. . . . Port Jefferson, railroad crossing, 6 feet north of track, west side of highway crossing, 25 feet east of freight station; iron post stamped “ 192 WIL-

LETS” ........................................................

Selden, northwest corner of Methodist Church, in brick foundation ; bronze

tablet stamped “ 108 WILLETS ”...................................

Ruland Hill, Coast and Geodetic Survey triangulation station, 1.9 miles

south of Selden; top of east stone reference post......................

Holtsville, north face of brick house south of track, 150 feet east of station;

bronze tablet stamped “ 104 WILLETS ”............................

Ronkonkoma, east end of station, in grass plot, south of highway, north of track ; iron post stamped “ 108 WILLETS ”..........................

111.26

80.70

191.7

192.078

107.61 ’

332.86

103.728

108.300

POINT 1.4 MILES EAST OF BRENTWOOD, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, SMITHTOWN BRANCH.

59.06

63.64

5.70

15.540

Hauppauge, in front of post-office, road crossing; top of big milestone.....

Smithtown Branch, railroad crossing, south side of track, east side of highway, west end of station; spike in telegraph pole......................

PATCHOGUE, NORTH TO HOLTSVILLE.

Patchogue, Coast and Geodetic Survey gage bench mark No. 1, about 80 yards from shore, west of Ocean avenue; four spikes in twin cedar tree

(elevation given by Coast Survey).............., . . . ...............

Patchogue, railroad freight station, north side of track, in northeast corner of brick wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 15 WILLETS PT.”..........

MORICHES QUADRANGLE.

SELDEN, ALONG PUBLIC ROAD EAST VIA MIDDLE ISLAND, TO RIVER-HEAD.

Middle Island post-office, 0.4 mile east of; west of Artist Lake, 20 feet south of center of highway, 175 feet west of road to Woodville, in rock; bronze

tablet stamped “57 WILLETS PT.”................................

Manorville, 3.5 miles north of, 1.2 miles east of Horn Tavern, south of road, about 800 feet east of Henry Hallock’s farmhouse, at road running south ; iron post stamped “ 83 WILLETS PT.”..............................

EASTPORT, WEST ALONG THE LONG ISLAND RAILROAD TO PATCHOGUE.

Center Moriches, pavement, west end of platform; rock..................

South Haven, Presbyterian Church, northwest corner of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “17 WILLETS PT.”..........................

57.065

83.454

29.99

17.654

RIVERIIEAD QUADRANGLE.

RIVERHEAD, SOUTHWEST TO EASTPORT.

Rherhead, northeast corner of court-house, in brick foundation; aluminum

27.862

29.780

tablet stamped “ 28 WILLETS PT.” ..............................

Eastport, 225 feet north of railroad station, south side of road to fjpeonk ; iron post stamped “ 29 WILLETS PT.”..............................

ESSEX, FRANKLIN, AND HAMILTON COUNTIES.

Lake Placid, Santanoni, Saranac, end St. Regis Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon a bronze tablet in top of south end of east abutment of Grand Trunk Railway bridge over Salmon River, 600 feet west of Fort Covington station, stamped “ 167 ALBANY 1900.” The elevation of this is accepted as 166.453 feet above

mean sea level, and is determined from a bench mark of the United States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, on the same abutment, the elevation of which is determined to be 1.017 feet lower than given by the Board, Regis quadrangle see list on the precise-level line from Fort Covington to in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. For additional elevations on St. Tupper Lake Junction.

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, as follows: On the Santanoni and Lake Placid and part of Saranac and St, Regis quadrangles in 1901 by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman; the remainder on St. Regis quadrangle was done in 1902 by Mr. George Seidel; and the remainder on Saranac quadrangle in 1902 by Messrs. Seidel and A. P. Meade, Jr., levelmen. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped “ FT. COVINGTON ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

SANTANONI QUADRANGLE.

AXTON, VIA AMPERSAND AND PRESTON PONDS, TO AVEP.YVILLE.

Axton, 6.5 miles east of, 0.7 mile southwest of Ampersand Lake, 450 feet west of old lumber camp, 10 feet south of road, on large rock 20 by 15

feet; bronze tablet stamped “ 1917 FT. COVINGTON 1901”............

Averyville, 550 feet south of school, 20 feet west of west margin of road, in large bowlder 8 feet square; bronze tablet stamped “ 2069 FT. COVINGTON 1901”....................................................

Feet.

1,917.438

2,069.446

AVERYVILLE, VIA LAKE PLACID AND ALONG THE CHATEAIJGAY RAILROAD, TO LAKE PLACID.

Averyville, 1.9 miles northeast of, iron bridge over river, west side of north abutment, on top of bridge seat; chiseled square......................

1,817.88

NEWCOMB, NORTH ALONG ROAD TOWARD COLD RIVER (SINGLE SPUR LINE).

Newcomb, 7.3 miles north of, 0.8 mile west of Moose Pond, on road to Cold River at top of hill, 30 feet east of road, on large rock; bronze tablet stamped “1910 FT. COVINGTON 1901”............................

1,909.615

PRESTON PONDS, SOUTH ALONG TRAIL AND PUBLIC ROADS VIA UPPER IRON WORKS, TO TAHAWAS.

(Excessive error distributed in this line.]

Preston Pond, 800 feet south of, on east margin of trail between Preston Pond and Henderson Lake, in face of rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 2180

FT. COVINGTON 1901 ”..........................................

Upper Iron Works, opposite Tahawas Club House, 65 feet east of road, on large rock; bronze tablet stamped “1771 FT. COVINGTON 1901”......

2.179.791

1,770.881

LAKE PLACID QUADRANGLE.

Lake Placid, 0.4 mile south of station on road to Averyville, on west margin of road, in large rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1750 FT. COVINGTON 1901 ”.................................................

1,750.339

SARANAC QUADRANGLE.

LAKE PLACID, ALONG RAILROAD TO SARANAC LAKE.

Lake Placid, 2.8 miles west of, north end of west abutment of stone culvert;

top of bridge seat, chiseled square..................................

Lake Placid, 4.5 miles west of, north end of east abutment of stone culvert; top of parapet wall, chiseled square..........................

1,631.88

Ames Mills, at road crossing; top of rail............................

1,569

1,548.97

Saranac Lake, Baptist Church, opposite Franklin Hotel, in north face of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1549 FT. COVINGTON 1901 ”........................................................

SARANAC LAKE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD VIA LAKE CLEAR, TO SARANAC JUNCTION.

Saranac Lake, in front of New York Central Railroad station; top of rail. . 1,574.0

1,632.7 '

Feet.

Lake Clear (Saranac Junction), in front of station; top of rail..........

Lake Clear (Saranac Junction), 800 feet south of station, railroad water

tank, on top of southeast foundation stone nearest track; chiseled square. 1,630.25

SARANAC LAKE, SOUTHWEST ALONG STATE ROAD VIA AMPERSAND HOTEL, TO CLEARING (SINGLE SPUR LINE).

Saranac Lake, 6.4 miles southwest of, on north edge of clearing, on face of

large rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1678 FT. COVINGTON 1901”.. 1,678.218

LAKE CLEAR JUNCTION, NORTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD VIA PAUL SMITH STATION,

TO ONCHIOTA.

Lake Clear Junction, west side of railroad, southeast corner of foundation

stone of water tower; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1630 FT. COVINGTON ” 1,630.474

Paul Smith station, road crossing at station; top of rail..................

Paul Smith station, 665 feet west of track, 225 feet north of road to post-

office, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1704 FT. COVINGTON”.... 1,703.800

Rainbow Lake, road crossing at station; top of rail......................

Onchiota, 200 feet south of station, east side of track, in big bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “1710 FT. COVINGTON”......................

1,701.2

1,708.5

1,710.514

PAUL SMITH STATION, EAST ALONG PUBLIC ROADS TO BLOOMING-DALE, THENCE NORTH VIA VERMONTVILLE TO ONCHIOTA.

Bloomingdale station, road crossing; top of rail........................

Bloomingdale station, iron bridge, 70 feet east of north side of road, in large

bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1530 FT. COVINGTON”..........

Vermontville, 5.6 miles north of, road crossing, in large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1776 FT. COVINGTON ”............................

1,555.8

1,529.666

1,776.288

ST. BEGIS QUADRANGLE.

SARANAC JUNCTION, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION.

Saranac Inn, in front of station; top of rail............................

Saranac Inn, 1.7 miles west of, 200 feet south of milepost (Herkimer 146), in middle of rock cut; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1632 FT. COVINGTON

1901 ”.........................................................

Floodwood, at road crossing; top of rail...............................

1,622.3

1,631.920

1,594.0

PAUL SMITH STATION, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROADS VIA PAUL SMITH POST-OFFICE TO BRANDON.

Paul Smith post-office (Corning Point), 900 feet south of store, in bowlder;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1632 FT. COVINGTON”..................

Paul Smith post-office, 2.8 miles west of, at powerhouse; northeast corner of

concrete dam ....................................................

Brandon, in front of station; top of rail................................

1,631.943

1,620.77

1,603.3

AT WAWBEEK.

Wawbeek, 100 feet west of road corners, at south side of road, in bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1650 A”................................

1,650.771

ESSEX, HAMILTON, AND WARREN COUNTIES.

Blue Mountain, Indian Lake, Newcomb, Schroon Lake, and Thirteenth Lake

Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of level ing previously reported upon in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth, Twentieth, and Twenty-first Annual Reports. The nearest precise-level elevation is at North Creek.

The leveling on most of Indian Lake and Thirteenth Lake quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; the remainder on these and on the other quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. M. Beaman, topographer, by Mr. A. F. Krause, levelman, except on line to establish bench mark southwest of Grove, which was done in 1899 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman. The standard bench marks, except one south of Grove House, were set in 1896, and are stamped with figures mostly 4 feet too great, the original starting elevation having been that much in error.

INDIAN LAKE QUADRANGLE.

Peet.

2,119.764

Wakely dam, 25 feet east of north of log house; In bowlder copper bolt stamped “ 2124 ”.................................................

SPECULATOR, NORTH VIA JESSUPS RIVER AND LEWEY LAKE, TO INDIAN LAKE.

Speculator, small triangular park at crossroads, In bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1772 Ft. B. M.”...

Camp Perkins, 0.5 mile east of, 50 feet west of Jessups River Bridge, on north bank of river, in outcrop 5 feet above center of bridge; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1689 Ft.”....................................

Lewey Lake, 100 feet from south shore of, 300 feet north of Lewey Lake House in bowlder 8 feet broad; copper bolt stamped “ U. S, G. S. 1659 Ft.

B. M.”..........................................................

Sabael, 3 miles southwest of, 900 feet southwest of Beaver Brook Bridge,

..... 1,768.369

1,685.012

1,654.964

outcrop 3 feet above and 20 feet north of road; copper bolt stamped “ 1799 Ft. U. S. G. S. B. M.”. . . .

..... 1,795.112

KINGS PLOW DAM, SOUTHWEST VIA CAMP COMPORT, TO SPECULATOR.

1,770.375

1,947.992

Camp Comfort (Ross Kunjamuk House), 2,000 feet south of, 8 feet east of road, in bowlder 6 by 4 by 2 feet;¹ copper bolt stamped “ 1774 Ft.”. ....

Speculator, 3 miles northeast of, at Rylander Clearing, west of Elm Lake, 300 feet south of house foundation, 1,000 feet north of top of hill, in flat outcrop 6 feet west of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1952 Ft.”..........................................................

THIRTEENTH LAKE QUADRANGLE.

NORTH CREEK, NORTHWEST TO NORTH RIVER.

North River, 40 feet west of northwest corner of Thirteenth Creek Bridge, 30

1,080.929

feet east of corner of house; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1076 ”. . 1,072.257 North River, 300 feet west of bridge at; top of copper bolt of Adirondack Survey triangulation station No. 118, 1882 (said to mark Warren-Essex County line)

NORTH CREEK, SOUTHWEST VIA SODUM AND BAKERS MILLS, TO MOUNTAIN HOUSE.

1,016.86

Bakers Mill Pond, under southwest corner of bridge over North Creek; southwest edge of casting .........................................

NEWCOMB, WEST TO HAMILTON-ESSEX COUNTY LINE.

1,599.473

Feet.

Bakers Mills, 50 feet north of blacksmith shop and 25 feet west of road, in bowlder 6 feet broad and 2 feet above ground; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1585 Ft.”.............................................

1,581.042

GRIFFIN TO MOUNTAIN HOUSE.

Oregon, 2.5 miles southwest of, 300 feet northeast of Stuarts Creek and east of Sacandaga River, point 5 feet west of road on outcrop; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1377 Ft. B. M.”.....

Oregon, 1,000 feet northeast of the North House (McKlosky’s) and 150 feet north of curve to right in road, bowlder 5 by 10 feet to right of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1435 Ft.”....................

..... 1,373.140

1,431.005

MOUNTAIN HOUSE, NORTHWEST VIA THIRTEENTH LAKE AND KINGS FLOW DAM, TO INDIAN LAKE.

Big Shanty dam, 200 feet southeast from east end of, in bowlder 3 feet high

and 8 feet broad; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1666 Ft. B. M.”..... 1,662.383

Thirteenth Lake House, 75 feet in front of, in low flat outcrop; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1874 Ft. B. M.”...

Kings Flow dam, 500 feet northwest of bridge at, 10 feet to right of and 1

foot above road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1724 Ft. B. M.”...... 1,720.016

..... 1,869.761

SCHROON LAKE QUADRANGLE*

NORTH CREEK; NORTH VIA MINERVA; TO AIDEN LAIR.

Minerva, in north end of picket fence southeast of Kellogg House, in large bowlder 15 feet to right and 1.5 feet above road; copper bolt stamped

"U S. G. S. 1393 Ft. B. M.”......................................

Minerva, 1.75 miles north of, 80 feet east of Kellogg House at junction of road to North Woods Club, south of schoolhouse, 26 feet to right of and 7.3 feet above center of road, in outcrop; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1742 Ft. B. M.”................................................

1,389.009

1,737.854

NEWCOMB QUADRANGLE.

Aiden Lair lodge, 50 feet southeast of, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1659 Ft. B. M.”..........................................

1,655.022

NORTH RIVER; NORTHWEST VIA SUMMIT, TO INDIAN LAKE.

Indian Lake, 4 miles east of, southeast of Spring’s white house, in, front of log house 10 feet to left of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1834 Ft.”.......................................................

1,830.049

AIDEN LAIR, NORTH TO TAHAWUS, THENCE WEST TO NEWCOMB.

Tahawus, 2 miles south of, 0.6 mile northwest of Daniel Havron’s house, in large bowlder 12 feet to left of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S.

1737 Ft. B. M.”.................................................

Hudson River Bridge, on top of coping at downstream end of west abutment;

chiseled mark........................................ . ..........

Newcomb Methodist Church, 85 feet northeast of door, 16 feet to left and 1.3 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1640 Ft. B.

1,732.862

1,563.41

M.”

1,637.051

Rich Lake, south side of, 460 feet back from Abner Beldin’s house, on large bowlder, 14 feet to right of and 3.8 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1603 Ft. B. M.”..............................

INDIAN RIVER, NORTHEAST DOWN SAME, FROM BRIDGE EAST OF INDIAN LAKE VILLAGE, TO MOUTH.

Indian River Bridge, west abutment, near front angle of coping on upstream end ; chiseled square.............................................

Feet.

Hudson River, southwest bank, junction with north bank of Indian River; circular chisel mark and letter “ S ” on large bowlder..................

1,424.32

MOUTH OF INDIAN KIVEE, NOETHEAST VIA NOETH WOODS CLUB AND MOOSE POND CLUB, TO AIDEN LAIE.

Hudson River, junction of southwest bank with northwest bank of Indian River, in recess at upper southwest corner of bowlder; copper bolt

stamped " U. S. G. S. 1428 Ft. B. M.”................

North Woods Club House, bowlder 200 feet northeast of; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1769 Ft. B. M.”............................

..... 1,423.897

Moose Pond Club House, 100 feet northwest of; in large bowlder near shore; copper bolt stamped “ U. S„ G. S. 2095 Ft. B. M.”. ..

1,764.825

..... 2,091.399

MOUTH OF INDIAN BIVEE, NOETHWEST TO CHAIN LAKES.

Cedar River, south bank of, 2 miles west of Hudson River, 20 feet southwest of ferry on road to Chain Lakes, in outcrop; copper bolt stamped “ U. S.

G. S. 1549 Ft. B. M.”............................................

Chain Lakes, 50 feet south of third lake, 12 feet above water surface in outcrop, 1,100 feet northwest of hotel; copper bolt stamped “1615”.... 1,610.793

1,544.603

BLUE MOUNTAIN QUADRANGLE.

Indian Lake Village, 0.7 mile south of, west end of smooth sloping outcrop 75 feet in length, 10 feet from road, 20 feet east of Elm tree 8 inches in diameter; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1793 Ft. B. M.”. . .

..... 1,788.807

CEDAE BIVEE HOUSE, SOUTHWEST TO WAKELY DAM.

Wakely dam, 4.8 miles north of, 0.7 mile southwest of Browns House, 20 feet north of bridge over small stream flowing east into Cedar River, 15 feet to right of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1,918 ”. . . . 1,913.585

CEDAE EIVEE HOUSE, NOETHWEST TO BLUE MOUNTAIN LAKE.

Forest House, 25 feet of north of west of northwest corner of barroom, in

outcrop; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1941 Ft. B. M.”............

Blue Mountain Lake, 3 miles southeast of, bridge over Rock River, on downstream end of easterly abutment; chiseled square.....................

1,937.247

1,774.56

BLUE MOUNTAIN LAKE, NOETH TO LONG LAKE.

Blue Mountain Lake, foundation of schoolhouse, in second stone from southwest corner of second course from top; bronze tablet stamped “ 1810”. . 1,805.700 Long Lake, 5.5 miles south of, east side of South Pond, 12 feet to left and 2.5 feet above center of road, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G.

S. 1855 Ft. B. M.”............................................'....

Long Lake, 260 feet west of Sabbattis’s two-story frame house, in west end of outcrop, 130 feet to left of center of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S.

G. S. 1663 Ft. B. M.”.............................................

Long Lake, front line of Lake House, 35 feet south of house, on bowlder;

chiseled mark (“ Colvins B. M. 71 A”)..............................

Long Lake, 2.75 miles southwest from Grove House; 130 feet east of fork in State road to Forked Lake, 50 feet south of road, north face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1726 ALBANY”................

1,851.176

1,658.685

1,636.64

1,726.514

LONG LAKE, EAST TO ESSEX-HAMILTON COUNTY LINE.

Long Lake, 4 miles east of, 35 feet west of 4-mile post, in outcrop 14 feet to right and 2.5 feet above center of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S.

1863 Ft. B. M.”..................................................

Essex-Hamilton County line, 0.87 mile west of, south side of Fishing Brook, in bowlder 12 feet to left of and 3.5 feet above center of road; copper plug stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1698 Ft. B. M.”. . .

1,858.465

. . . . 1,694.227

HAMILTON, HERKIMER, AND ONEIDA COUNTIES.

Little Falls, McKeever, Old Forge, Remsen, Utica, West Canada Lakes, and Wilmurt Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth, Nineteenth, and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additions.

The leveling was done as follows: On Utica quadrangle, under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, in 1896, by Mr. A. B. Pomme. On Little Falls quadrangle, under Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, in 1898, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, in 1898, by Messrs. E. L. Faison and M. S. McDiarmid, levelmen; and under Mr. .Jennings, in 1896, by Mr. A. B. Pomme. On Remsen quadrangle, under Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, in 1897, by Mr. E. L. McNair, levelman; under Mr. Jennings, in 1897, by Mr. Brown and also under Mr. Bassett by Mr. L. T. Haney, levelman. On Wilmurt quadrangle, under Mr. Lovell, in 1897, by Mr. McNair; and under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Mr. McDiarmid. On McKeever and Old Forge quadrangles under Mr. Jennings, in 1897, by Mr. Brown, and under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman. On West Canada Lakes quadrangle, under Mr. Walker, in 1898, by Messrs. Semper and McDiarmid. The standard bench marks are stamped variously “ R,” “ A,” and “ALBANY,” and also without datum letters, and with figures of elevation mostly correct except those set in 1896, which are usually 2 feet too great.

UTICA QUADRANGLE.

Utica, rear of post-office building, west of east basement door; bronze tablet

stamped “ 419 ” .................................................

Utica, Turner street, Herkimer--Oneida County line, on fence line between the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad and trolley tracks;

bronze meridian tablet.............................................

Utica, Albany street, Starch Factory Creek, stone-arch bridge, north abutment, west wing; northeast corner of top step........................

Utica, the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western and the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg railroads ; northwest corner of foundation of northwest pier (New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bench mark)...

Feet.

417.207

466.329

522.90

408.79

^STEWARTS CORNERS, VIA MOYER CREEK, TO FRANKEORT.

427.326

Rushmer road, first barn east of Stewarts Corners, between third and fourth telegraph poles Nos. 9588 and 9587 east of barn, on bowlder half in road and half in field; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1380 Ft. B. M.”. . . . 1,378.477 Lock No. 45, canal engineer bench-mark No. 204, at coping at end of northeast gate; towpath lock, stamped “ © ”

SAUQUOIT, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO NORWICH CORNERS.

1,318.155

427.68

815.70

Norwich Corners, south face near east end of residence of H. A. Smith, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1318 ADJ 1903 ”..........

UTICA, NORTH VIA TRENTON PLANK ROAD, TO SOUTH TRENTON.

Deerfield, J. A. Auert’s brick building, middle door; north corner of stone

doorsill.........................................................

Salem Welsh Church, Trenton plank road, 600 feet west from plank road,

on foundation stone at southeast corner; chisel mark..................

Ninemile Creek Bridge, Trenton plank road, on west bridge seat, north abutment; chiseled square......................*.................

Feet.

South Trenton, north side of road opposite west gate of cemetery, on bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 806 Ft.”..................

803.938

SOUTH TRENTON, EAST VIA NORTH GAGE, TO POLAND, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO NEWPORT.

North Gage Church, on southeast corner of stone step; chiseled square.... Poland, Main street, center of stone arch over Cold Brook, on west coping;

chiseled square..................................................

Poland, first iron bridge over Cold Brook northeast of village, in foundation stone, east abutment, north wing; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B.

M. 800 Ft.”......................................................

Poland, 0.5 mile south of, north wing of iron highway bridge over West

Canada Creek, on east abutment bridge seat; chiseled square............

Newport, stone bridge over West Canada Creek, in north coping over center pier, six inches south of square chisel mark and flush with coping; copper

bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 658 Ft. B. M.”............................

Uion, Steel Creek Aqueduct, Erie Canal, in center of third coping stone from west end, parapet wall, towpath side; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 410 Ft.” (0.027 foot higher than State engineer’s B. M. No. 197)

986.00

720.38

798.841

690.86

656.450

408.574

FRANKFORT, TO POINT 5.6 MILES NORTH OF FRANKFORT, IN TOWN OF SCHUYLER.

West Shore Railroad crossing; top of south rail........................

Frankfort station, Mohawk River Bridge, near north abutment, east wing,

on bridge seat; chiseled square....................................

Frankfort, near station, New York Central Railroad crossing; top of south

rail..........................................................

Frankfort, 5.6 miles north of, at southwest corner of road crossing; iron post stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 580 Ft.”................................

400.4

398.57

400.00

577.793

LITTLE FALLS QUADRANGLE.

LITTLE FALLS, EAST TO INGHAMS MILLS, THENCE NORTH TO SALISBURY CENTER.

Little Falls, engineer’s bench mark at Lock No. 36, Erie Canal...........

Little Falls, southeast corner of Ann and Albany streets, northwest corner of brick building with stone foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “ 397 ” Little Falls, 2 miles east of, Erie Canal Lock No. 37, northeast corner; top

of coping stone, chiseled cross.....................................

Manheim, in front of station; top of south rail..........................

Inghams Mills, 27 feet east of Little Falls and Dolgeville Railroad track, 120 feet north of road crossing, on rock in place 6 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 726 A”..................................

343.487

397.118

353.535

604.5

726.870

SALISBURY CENTER, WEST VIA FAIRFIELD, TO MIDDLEVILLE.

Salisbury Center, brickwork in rear of Universalist Church; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 1065 A” ........................................

Salisbury Corners, church near northeast corner of crossroads, stone entrance, lower step, south end of face corner; chiseled square............

Fairfield, Military Academy laboratory building, front of south end, in

stonework 3 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1278 A”.... 1,277.867 Fairfield, Military Academy laboratory building, front of south end, projection on corner stone 1 foot above ground; old bench mark marked “ 1276.829 above tide at Troy ”

1,064.372

1,214.22

1,276.240

MIDDLEVILLE, NORTH TO NORWAY, THENCE EAST AND SOUTH TO SALISBURY CENTER.

Middleville, 3.5 miles north of, 200 feet north of road to east by stone schoolhouse, east end of stone culvert; chiseled square................

777.00

Norway, northwest corner of crossroads opposite hotel, west end of stone foundation of building, 1 foot from face corner; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1320 A”.....................................................

Salisbury Center, 5.5 miles north of, 80 feet north of Jerseyfield Lake road, in outcrop 1 foot from southeast corner of Willis Nichols’s barn; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1618 A”....................................

Salisbury, 2.3 miles north of, at Curtis schoolhouse, east and west road crossing; stone step marked with circle..........................

1,319.830

1,618.535

1,426.08

NEWPORT, ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD SOUTHEAST, TO MIDDLEVILLE, THENCE SOUTH TO HERKIMER.

White Creek, iron bridge, on south abutment of bridge seat, east wing;

chiseled square.................................................

City Brook, on south end of east parapet wall of stone arch, on coping

stone ; chisel mark...............................................

Canyon Brook, stone arch over, south end of east parapet wall, on coping

stone; chiseled square. . . .,......................................

Middleville, West Canada Creek; north coping of west abutment of iron

highway bridge, marked “ q ”....................................

Middleville, West Canada Creek, in coping of iron bridge, west abutment,

north wing; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 572 ”..............

Herkimer County poorhouse, in north corner of bottom of flagstone, front

entrance; chiseled square.........................................

Countryman station, Atlantic and St. Lawrence (Grand Trunk) Railroad, Bridge No. 10, north abutment, west wing wall, close to angle, on coping

stone ; chiseled square............................................

West Canada Creek, Dempsters Bridge, 0.5 mile north of Kasts Bridge,

north abutment, west wing; bridge seat marked “ ©. B. M.”..........

West Canada Creek, Kast Bridge (railroad station), west abutment, north

wing; bridge seat stamped “ q. B. M.”.............................

Herkimer waterworks, north door of pump house; northwest corner of

doorstep, stamped “©. B. M. 5 ”....................................

Herkimer, county clerk’s office on Court street, left of main entrance, in stone water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 407 A”................

632.77

609.03

591.26

572.35

570.861

591.21

492.31

473.80

457.51

402.03

406.975

REMSEN QUADRANGLE.

SOUTH TRENTON, VIA PROSPECT, HINCKLEY, AND NORTHWOOD, TO NEAR WILMURT.

Trenton, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad station, south door of

waiting room, 0.42 foot west of door jamb; water table..............

Prospect station, Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad crossing over highway just north of, on lower step of south abutment, east side ;

chiseled square ..................................................

Prospect post-office, 0.22 mile north of, in field opposite creamery and east

of road, in bowlder 3 by 7 by 12 feet; copper bolt stamped “ 1142 R ”. . 1,141.105 Hinckley, 0.25 mile west of Empire Hotel, stone culvert north side of road,

on east end of wall; chiseled square...............................

Hinckley, 2.3 miles northeast of, and about 1.1 miles west of Oneida-Herki-mer County line, in Remsen Township, 55 feet from road center, in pasture, west side of road, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ 1262

840.65

984.93

1,181.05

1,261.647

Northwood, on stone abutment at northwest corner of iron bridge over

stream at sawmill; chiseled square..................................

Northwood, 2.8 miles east of, 3,450 feet west of abandoned house south of road, 7 feet north of center of road, on large bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ 1258 R”..............................................

1,207.49

1,257.696

OHIO, SOUTH TO POLAND.

Ohio, 2.6 miles southwest of, on stone foundation at northeast corner of iron bridge over Black Creeh; chiseled square........................

1,236.15

Feet.

Cold Brook, 3.4 miles north of, 3.6 miles south of Ohio, 480 feet south of road from southwest and 1 mile south of crossing of Black Creek, in Prussian Township, on west side of road, 3 feet from wire fence; copper bolt stamped “ 1265 R ”...............................................

1,264.710

PROSPECT, NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO FORESTPORT.

Prospect, 1,000 feet northeast of station, on Hinckley Branch Railway, on parapet north side of culvert, on northwest corner of coping; chisel

mark “ O. B. M. 55 ”..............................................

Remsen, north end of retaining wall between lower milldam and Rome,

Watertown and Ogdensburgh Railroad, in end of coping near face corner;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1172 ”.....................................

Honnedaga station, 0.25 mile north of, 40 feet west of track, opposite cattle

guard, in bowlder 6 by 15 feet; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1209 R ” 1,208.354 Forestport station, 2 miles south of, north end of Black River (reservoir)

Bridge, on west end of coping of parapet; chiseled square..............

Forestport,' 0.3 mile north of station, at Meekville, north end of railroad bridge over Little Woodhull Creek, west end of parapet coping; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. R. 1199 Ft. B. M.”. . .

1,146.83

1,171.464

1,178.95

. . . . 1,199.054

FORESTPORT, ALONG ROAD EAST TO ENOS, THENCE NORTHEAST TO ATWELL.

Enos, 0.7 mile southeast of, Oneida-Herkimer County line, at forks of roads

to northeast and to Maple Lake; top of stone........................

Maple Lake, outlet of, 1.0 mile southeast of Enos, west abutment of bridge;

copper bolt stamped “1318 U”....................................

Reeds Mill, east side of south abutment of bridge over Black River; copper bolt stamped “ 1598 R”....................................

1,387.80

1,317.970

1,597.267

WILMURT QUADRANGLE.

HUBBARD HOTEL, SOUTH TO OHIO.

Wilmurt, 3 miles west of, 0.18 mile east of Hubbard Hotel, 60 feet south of road, 25 feet east of fence, in meadow; chiseled point on painted bowlder

marked “ E ” (State bench mark)...................................

Ohio, 750 feet west of corner near church, 1,200 feet east of schoolhouse and 80 feet north of road, in field belonging to G. Johnson ; copper bolt Stamped “ 1374 R”..............................................

1,276.32

1,373.809

FROM NEAR WILMURT, NORTHEAST VIA NOBLEBORO, TO HONNEDAGA LAKE.

Wilmurt, 0.7 mile west of, 165 feet east of Henry Pauli’s Hotel, in pasture,

70 feet south of center of road; bronze tablet stamped “ 1402 Ft. R ”. . . 1,401.249 Nobleboro, 225 feet east of hotel, 4 feet from fence on north side of road,

on small bowlder; chiseled square.................................

Nobleboro, 2.4 miles north of, 225 feet west of Haskell Hotel, 8 feet south of center of road, on large bowlder; chiseled point (State bench mark No. 9)..........................................................

1,418.71

1,574.23

SALISBURY CENTER, NORTH ALONG ROAD, TO MOREHOUSEVILLE.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.] Jerseyfield Lake, 200 feet west of outlet, 100 feet south of lake, in yard of Mrs. Williams’s tenant house, on large bowlder; tablet stamped “ 1941 A” ......................................................

1,941.916

NOBLEBORO TO MOREHOUSEVILLE.

Morehouseville, 940 feet east of road south from post-office, 425 feet east of schoolhouse, 15 feet south of center of road to Piseco Lake, in flat ledge; copper bolt stamped “ 1909 Ft. B. M.”........................

1,910.160

m’keever quadrangle.

FORESTPORT, NORTH TO WHITE LAKE.

White Lake station, 2 miles south of, near Nicholl’s mills, on face of coping, at northwest corner of Bear Creek railroad bridge; chiseled square.....

1,370.08

WHITE LAKE, NORTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON    RIVER RAILROAD VIA M’KEEVER,    TO FULTON CHAIN.

White    Lake    station,    50 feet west of railroad, 10    feet north of wagon

road, in bowlder 5 feet broad; copper bolt stamped “1421 A”........

White    Lake    station,    2.5 miles north of, 100 feet    north of White Lake

Granite Company’s    switch, west of track at foot    of embankment; iron

staple in bowlder 20 feet broad....................................

McKeever, 600 feet south of station, west of track, in rock in cut; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1544 Ft. B. M.”. . .

McKeever, 2 miles north of, iron railway bridge No. 6 (20-foot span),

northwest wing, near face corner end of coping; chiseled square........

McKeever, 3.5 miles north of at railroad bridge No. 37 (90-foot span), over Moose River, 1 foot from girder, north abutment, west end on

face angle; chiseled square........................................

Minnehaha station, Moose River Bridge, north end, east end of parapet,

on face corner ; chiseled square....................................

Fulton Chain station, 3 miles southwest of, 500 feet north of house, south end of culvert, on north end of parapet; chiseled square..............

1,420.664

1,456.819

..... 1,543.828

1,559.12

1,641.34

1,681.39

1,714.28

WHITE LAKE, EAST TO NORTH LAKE (ATWELL POST-OFFICE).

North Lake (Atwell), 6.3 miles northwest of, at junction of road to Wood-

hull Lake; aluminum tablet in top of rock stamped “ 1947 A”........

Woodhull, in front of State House, in line with back edge of dam; £-inch copper bolt ....................................................

1,947.329

1,883.072

OLD FORGE QUADRANGLE.

FULTON CHAIN, NORTHEAST ALONG ROAD VIA OLD FORGE AND NORTH SIDE OF FULTON CHAIN LAKES, TO EAGLE BAY.

Fulton Chain, 5 feet north of Wakeley’s Hotel, 8 feet east of railroad

track, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “R 1712”..................

Old Forge, 0.25 mile west of railroad station, at picnic grounds, in bowlder 7 by 12 by 15 feet, north of railroad track; bronze tablet

stamped “ R 1733 ”..............................................

Third Lake, Fulton Chain, at Bald Mountain House, 40 feet east of dock, 8 feet from north shore of lake; iron post stamped “ R 1712 ”. .........

1,711.854

1,732.515

1,712.164

SIXTH LAKE, SOUTHEAST TO FAWN LAKE.

Sixth Lake, Fulton Chain, 125 feet east of north end of dam, in bowlder 4 by 10 feet, 4 feet from edge of dock; bronze tablet stamped “ R

1788 ” .........................................................

Sixth Lake dam, 1.6 miles south of, summit of Seventh Lake Mountain,

in bowlder 5 feet broad, 8 feet west of road; chiseled square..........

Fawn Lake, 1.5 miles southeast of, on road from Sixth Lake to Kenwells, 900 feet south of summit, 25 feet north of small brook, in bowlder 12 feet square and 8 feet high, 10 feet east of road at south end of level stretch of road; bronze tablet stamped “R 2263 ”....................

1,787.422

2,134.07

2,262.079

WOODHULL, NORTHEAST VIA TRAIL TO NEAR PROCTORS CAMP, SOUTH BRANCH MOOSE RIVER ( SINGLE-SPUR LINE) .

Bisby lodge, on west shore of Bisby First Lake, about 400 feet north from lodge, 10 feet from bank, in shallow water, in 5 by 10-foot bowlder;

bronze tablet stamped “ 2035 R ”..................................

Deadmans Gulch, east of mouth, 20 feet north of Canachagala Stillwater of South Branch Moose River, near site of old dam, 14 feet above water, in large bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ 1769 R”..............

2,034.375

1,768.761

NORTH LAKE EAST TO HONNEDAGA LAKE.

North Lake (Atwell post-office), 100 feet east of State House, in rock;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1829 R”................................

Honnedaga Lake, 400 feet west of, on north side of road to North Lake,

in large rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 2221 A’’......................

Honnedaga Lake, Herkimer Landing, 325 feet from lake, 35 feet southwesterly from corner of barn, in very large bowlder; copper bolt

stamped “ 2223 Ft. R”...........................................

Honnedaga Forest Lodge, in south face of large bowlder 50 feet north of office building; aluminum tablet stamped “ 2205 A”...................

Feet.

1,828.245

2,221.110

2,222.668

2,205.015

HONNEDAGA, NORTHEAST VIA THIRD STILLWATER, WEST CANADA LAKES, AND CEDAR LAKES, TO LITTLE MOOSE LAKES.

2,149.390

Honnedaga, 1.3 miles east of, at Herkimer-Hamilton County line, north side of trail, in large bowlder (transit station No. 21 of county-line survey) ; bolt....................................................

WEST CANADA LAKES QUADRANGLE.

Honnedaga, 7.8 miles east of, 250 feet east of ford of West Canada Creek, near head of Second Stillwater, in bowlder; aluminum tablet

2,168.067

stamped “ 2168 A”...............................................

Mud Lake dam, 125 feet north of sluice of, 100 feet north of Indian hut,

2,355.722

in large white bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 2356 A”..........

Buck, 400 feet east of Cedar Lake, on trail to Speculator, northwest

corner of camp; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 2472 Ft. A”. .. . 2,472.429

LITTLE MOOSE LAKE, WEST TO PAWN LAKE.

Little Moose Lake, 200 feet from, in rear of log house, In large rock;

copper bolt stamped “ 2143 A”.....................................

Little Moose Lake, 4.5 miles west of, on road to Kenwells, 0.3 mile west of Silver Run, at summit of hill, in large rock 5 feet south of road;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 2049 A”...... . .........................

Kenwells, 3,150 feet northeast of, north side of road to Fourth Lake and Wakely dam, in large rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1854 A”.......

2,144.184

2,049.583

1,855.475

THIRD STILLWATER, WEST CANADA CREEK SOUTHEAST TO SPRUCE LAKE.

2,382.139

Spruce Lake, east side of, at Clark’s camp, in large bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ 2382 A”...............................................

HAMILTON, SARATOGA, AND WARREN COUNTIES.

Lake Pleasant and Stony Creek Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the heights of adjoining bench marks as published in this bulletin in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. The leveling on Stony Creek quadrangle was done partly in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; and partly in 1904 under the direction of Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. L. E. Tucker, levelman. The leveling on Lake Pleasant quadrangle was begun in 1896 under Mr. Lovell by Mr. Brown, extended in 1898 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman, and completed in 1904 by Mr. Tucker, levelman, under Mr. Smith. Standard bench marks latest established are stamped with the legend “ALBANY 1903 ADJ ” and that set in 1898 at Lake Pleasant is stamped “A” all in addition to the figures of elevation, but those set in 1896 are without letters and, having been derived originally from erroneous North Creek datum, are stamped with figures mostly 4 feet too great.

LAKE PLEASANT QUADRANGLE.

PISECO, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO SPECULATOR.

1,790.543

Lake Pleasant, north side of stone jail, 6 inches east of northeast corner, 3.5 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1791 A”............

NORTHVILLE, NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO SPECULATOR.

Hope schoolhouse, District No. 4, 75 feet west of, bowlder 15 feet north

of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 832 Ft.”...........

Wells, Hosley House, in back yard of hotel, on rock 15 feet broad and

5 feet high; bronze tablet stamped “ 1026 ”..........................

Wells, east end of abutment of covered bridge; chiseled circle and

“ B. M. B. X.”..................................................

Wells, 0.3 mile north of, patent line monument in yard of white house opposite road to east, in ground 15 feet southeast of house; stone

marked “ A ” (triangle is six inches on each side)..................

Wells, 2.5 miles northwest of, angle of road to Hamilton Lake, 40 feet from each road, west of junction, bowlder 6 feet high and 15 feet broad;

chiseled circle stamped “ B. M. S.”................................

Charley Lake, 25 feet southwest of schoolhouse opposite, in bowlder 8

feet broad; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1719 ”............

Gilman Lake, white house opposite center of, 10 feet east of road at trail to Griffin; stone 100 feet south of building marked with chiseled circle above legend “ B. M. C. K.” (located 15 feet north of a stone marked in a similar manner with legend “ B. M. C. J.”).....

828.3ii

1,022.170

988.62

1,018.00

1,593.24

1,714.685

. . . . 1,730.28

BENSON CENTER, NORTHWEST ALONG ROAD, TO POINT 1.5 MILES SOUTH OP SILVER LAKE, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO ARIETTA.

1,865.009

Silver Lake, 1.5 miles south of, on west bank of South Branch of Sacandaga Creek (Fly Stream) where crossed by Benson Center road, 10 feet north of Silver Lake trail, in large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1865 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ” ......................................

STONY CREEK QUADRANGLE.

BATCHELLERVILLE, NORTH ALONG ROAD VIA MUD LAKE, TO WEST STONY CREEK, THENCE NORTHEAST TO KNOWELHURST.

West Stony Creek, 4.2 miles south of, .at outlet of Mud Lake, 135 feet west of log camp, on north side of road, in bowlder; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1689 ALBANY ADJ 1903 ”..............................

West Stony Creek, 60 feet southeast from large stone chimney on south end of hotel, 20 feet southwest of southwest corner of ice house, in

rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1552 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”............

Knowelhurst, southeast corner of foundation of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 1583 ALBANY”...........................

1,689.369

1,552.773

1,584.375

WEST STONY CREEK,, WEST VIA WILCOX LAKE TO WELLS-HOPE ROAD.

1,355.079

West Stony Creek, 3.7 miles west of, 20 feet east of south end of Baker-town flow dam, north side of road, in bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1355 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......................................

GILMAN LAKE, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO GRIFFIN.

1,275.948

Griffin, 30 feet above milldam, 5 feet north of road, 5 feet south of river; copper bolt in rock stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1280 Ft.”......

FRANKLIN, HAMILTON, HERKIMER, AND ST. LAWRENCE COUNTIES.

Big Moose, Kildare, Long Lake, Raquette Lake, and Tupper Lake Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first.

Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additions. Refer to precise-level list for another elevation on Kildare quadrangle.

The leveling was done as follows: On Big Moose quadrangle, under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, in 1899, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman; and under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, in 1897, by Mr. Clark Brown, level-man. On Raquette Lake and Tupper Lake quadrangles, under Mr. Walker, in 1899, by Messrs. Gilbert and C. B. Bailey! On Long Lake quadrangle, under Mr. Walker, in 1899, by Messrs. Bailey and Gilbert; and under Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, in 1901, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman. On Kildare quadrangle, under Mr. Smith, in 1902, by Mr. A. T. Fowler, levelman. The standard bench marks are mostly stamped “ALBANY ” in addition to figures of elevation most of which are 1 foot in error.

BIG MOOSE QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

1,716.417

EAGLE BAY, FOURTH LAKE TO SIXTH LAKE DAM.

Fourth Lake, Fulton Chain, at Hess Inn, 175 feet east of sea wall, on lake front of lawn, 70 feet south of main hotel building, 40 feet north of boathouse and billiard room, on north bank of inlet of Fifth Lake Outlet, 3 feet northeast of sidewalk crossing; iron post stamped “ R 1717 ”.........................................................

FULTON CHAIN, NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO NEHASANE.

Clearwater, 600 feet south of, 35 feet east of tracks, in west face of large

bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1753 ALBANY”...................

Big Moose, 110 feet east of point of switch at east end of side track, 40 feet south of main track, 25 feet west of west line of Hennessey’s Hotel, in northwest face of large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “2036

ALBANY” ......................................................

Woods Lake, 0.37 mile south of, 62 rail lengths south of station, 575 feet north of milepost No. 100, 125 feet south of small stream, 20 feet west of track, in northeast face of large bowlder; bronze tablet

stamped “1881 ALBANY”........................................

Beaver River, east side of railroad water tank, in east face of foundation stone under south support; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1693

ALBANY”    .....................................................

Keepawa station, 38 rails north of, 75 feet north of 90-mile post, 100 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1722 ALBANY”........................................

Nehasane, 200 feet south of Mr. Ames’s house (Nehasane station), 20 feet west of main track, in east face of ledge of rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1789 ALBANY”.......................................

1,751.911

2,034.324

1,879.778

1,691.863

1,720.968

1,787.530

TUPPER LAKE QUADRANGLE.

NEHASANE, NORTHEAST ALONG RAILROAD, TO LONG LAKE WEST.

Bog Lake, 1.25 miles north of, 35 rail lengths north of milepost 81 miles from Malone, 35 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder;

1,762.673

1,787.787

1,738.177

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1764 ALBANY”.........................

Long Lake West, 215 feet north of People’s Hotel, 30 feet east of track, in west face of outcrop of rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1789 ALBANY”    .....................................................

LONG LAKE WEST, NORTHEAST ALONG NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD TO TUPPER LAKE.

Horseshoe station, 50 feet north of, 50 feet west of track, in east face of large bowlder 1 foot above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1739 A” ......................................................

Feet.

Childwood, 40 rail lengths south of station on left of track, in face of rock cut; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 1713”................

1,713.164

LONG LAKE WEST, SOUTHEAST VIA LITTLE TUPPEE LAKE, TO LONG LAKE.

Long Lake West, 4 miles east of, opposite 15-mile post, 10 feet from road, in southeast face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1839 ALBANY ” ...............................................

Little Tupper Lake, head of, at Loomis’s camp, 150 feet southeast of camp, 25 feet from barn, north face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet

stamped " 1760 ALBANY”........................................

Little Tupper Lake, 0.12 mile east of, 115 feet west of 10-mile post, 8 feet north of road, 25 feet west of blacksmith shop at Moynehan’s lumber camp, west face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1739 ALBANY”................................................

1,838.171

1,758.446

1,738.170

KILDARE QUADRANGLE.

HORSESHOE, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO MASSAWEPIE LAKE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO CHILDWOOD STATION.

Lake Massawepie, east side of, in yard of camp owned by Hotel Childwood, 30 feet west of road, east of two houses, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1540 ALBANY ”

1,540.209

RAQL1ETTE LAKE QUADRANGLE.

BRANDRETH STATION, EAST ALONG ROAD, VIA BRANDRETH AND RAQUETTE LAKES, TO LONG LAKE.

Brandreth Lake, Brandreth camps, northwest corner of clearing, 10 feet east of road, 40 feet south of edge of woods, south face of bowlder;

aluminum tablet stamped “1915 ALBANY”........................

Brandreth Lake, foot of, 30 feet west of State road, 12 feet south of Brandreth Outlet, in northeast face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1884 ALBANY”........................................

Raquette Lake, Antlers Hotel, 30 feet west of ice house, in bed rock;

aluminum tablet stamped “1811 ALBANY”.........................

Raquette, Forked Lake Carry, at southwest corner of Carry and State road,

5 feet from road, 15 feet from Carry, in face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1796 ALBANY ”..................................

BLUE MOUNTAIN LAKE, TO UPPER DOCK OP MARION RIVER CARRY.

Marion River Carry, opposite upper dock of, in the east face of ledge of

rock on north side of road; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1793 ALBANY ”.. 1,794.119

1,913.224

1,882.656

1,809.926

1,796.420

LONG LAKE QUADRANGLE.

TUPPER LAKE JUNCTION, EAST ALONG ROAD TO WAWBEEK, ' THENCE SOUTH TO LONG LAKE.

Tupper Lake Junction, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, Adirondack division, in foundation to water tank; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1555 ALBANY”........................................

Tupper Lake, 3.75 miles east of, north side of road at crossing of Cornell

forestry west line on top large bowlder 6 feet high; chiseled square.... 1,570.88 Raquette Falls, 150 feet west of Martin Talbot’s, in bowlder; aluminum

tablet stamped “ALBANY 1574 ”...................................

Long Lake, island in lower end of, 120 feet west of Island House owned and occupied by Amos Robinson, in top of bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1638 ALBANY ”........................................

1,556.031

1,574.634

1,638.211

POINT 4 MILES WEST OP NEWCOMB, NORTH TO LAKE CATLIN LINE).G

Catlin Lake, Caughnawauga Club House, 50 feet east of boat house, large rock at edge of lake; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1603 COVINGTON 1901 ”.....................................................

1,603.091

TUPPER LAKE SOUTH VIA MOODY TO JENKINS POND (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).a

Tupper Lake, 2.2 miles south of, at Simons Pond, end of iron bridge over Raquette River, east side; top of large bolt holding bridge plate

on caisson pier..................................................

Tupper Lake, 10.6 miles south of, foot of Jenkins Pond, Litchfield Park, 50 feet east of farmhouse, at entrance to barn; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1748 COVINGTON 1901 ”............................ . ...........

Feet.

1,554.56

1,757.778

LONG LAKE, TO POINT 5 MILES NORTHWEST.

1,720.965

Long Lake, 5 northwest of, 250 feet north of Big Brook, 12 feet east of road, west face of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1722 ALBANY”    ..................... ................................

FULTON, HAMILTON, AND MONTGOMERY COUNTIES.

Fonda, Gloversville, Lassellsville, and Piseco Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. These elevations result from a joint adjustment with older work to accord with the 1903 adjustment.

The leveling on the Fonda quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. A. F. Krause, levelman; that on the Gloversville quadrangle was done under the direction of Mr. Lovell, partly in 1900 by Mr. William Kelley, levelman, and partly in 1896 by Messrs. Krause and Brown, levelmen.; that on the Lassellsville quadrangle was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. A. C. Roberts, topographer, by Mr. Kelley, and that on the Piseco quadrangle was done partly in 1898 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and in 1902 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman. All standard bench marks dependent on this datum are stamped with the letters “ALBANY ” in addition to figures of elevation.

LASSELLSVILLE QUADRANGLE.

ST. JOHNSVILLE, NORTH ALONG ROAD VIA OPPENHEIM, TO EMMONS-BURG, THENCE WEST TO SALISBURY CENTER.

St. Johnsville, southwest corner of Grace Church (Christian), in water

table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 360 ALBANY’’....................

Oppenheim, southwest corner of brick residence of John P. Swartout, on the western side, in limestone water table; bronze tablet stamped “1110 ALBANY”.................................................

Feet.

360.523

1,109.818

EMMONSBURG, NORTH TO OREGON.

1,074.472

1,152.969

1,696.974

Stratford (Devereaux), near southwest corner of Crossman’s Hotel, on southerly side, in, foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1074 ALBANY”    ................................-....................

OPPENHEIM, EAST ALONG ROAD VIA GAROGA, TO JOHNSTOWN.

Lassellsville, southeast corner of D. C. Leek’s store, in foundation wall, east face; aluminum tablet stamped “1153 ALBANY”................

ARIETTA, SOUTH TO CAROGA CORNERS.

Arietta, 240 feet north of Alex. Baudin’s Hotel, on west side of road, in bed rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1696 ALBANY”...................

a Credit is due Mr. Wallace C. Johnson, Niagara Falls, N. Y., for a 10-foot correction made to this line by checked connection to first bench mark.

CAEOGA COKNEES, SOUTH TO GAEOGA.

Rockwood, 0.67 foot from southeast corner of Caleb A. Long’s residence, in south face of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1045 ALBANY”    .....................................................

1,045.380

GLOVERSVILLE QUADRANGLE.

CAEOGA CORNERS, NORTHEAST ALONG EOAD VIA BLEECKER CENTER, BENSON CENTER, AND BENSON, TO NORTHVILLE.

(The error distributed in this line is excessive.)

Caroga Corners, in field about 150 feet east of road intersection, in top of

large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1527 ALBANY ”..............

Benson Center Corners, 17 feet westerly from bars in wall, in field on farm of Ludwick Politcb, on large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1288 ALBANY ” ...............................................

Benson, 185 feet east of Methodist Church, nearly opposite Benson post-office, north side of road, in top of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “1139 ALBANY”........................................

1,527.198

1,288.862

1,138.783

PETERS CORNERS, SOUTH ALONG ROAD TO BLEECKER VILLAGE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Bleecker Village,, in front of schoolhouse, District No. 4, on south side of road, in top of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1506 ALBANY”.....................................................

1,505.840

JOHNSTOWN, NORTHEAST ALONG RAILROAD, TO MAYFIELD.

Johnstown, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad, in first stone below brickwork at west corner of building; bronze tablet

stamped “ 652 ”..................................................

Johnstown, 2.12 miles north of, railroad bridge No. 5, on northeast corner

of top stone, east end of abutment; chiseled square...................

Gloversville, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad, in first stone below brickwork, 20 feet north of southwest corner of

building; bronze tablet stamped “ 798 ”.............................

Broadalbin, top of frog in switch at junction...........................

Mayfield, platform at railroad station.................................

Mayfield, 60 feet east of gristmill, 30 feet from creek, 90 feet south of railroad track, in broad bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 756 Ft.”..................................................

652.008

749.62

798.136

813.1

743.0

752.199

FONDA QUADRANGLE.

AURIESVILLE, ALONG CANAL AND THENCE ALONG THE FONDA, JOHNSTOWN AND GLOVERSVILLE RAILROAD, TO JOHNSTOWN.

Auriesville, § mile west of West Shore Railroad station, northwest end of west wing, bridge over canal, north abutment, in corner stone;

chiseled square (State engineer bench mark No. 106)................

Auriesville, bridge over canal 0.5 mile west of West Shore Railroad station, in fourth course of north abutment, 1.5 feet east of east angle; cross

cut in stone......................................................

Fultonville, bridge over Mohawk River, on top of coping of south abutment;

chiseled square....................:.............................

Fonda, county court-house, in corner stone of fourth course of stones from top of foundation at northwest corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 294 ”. . . . Cayadutta Creek, railroad bridge over, in northeast corner of coping stone,

southeast end of north abutment; chiseled square....................

Sammonsville, station of the Fonda, Johnstown and Gloversville Railroad, in large stone at corner of foundation; chiseled square................

PISECO QUADRANGLE.

OREGON, NORTH ALONG ROAD, TO RUDISTON.

Oregon, near northwest corner of schoolhouse, in large bowlder on east side of road; bronze tablet stamped “1511 ALBANY”................

302.785

302.32

294.04

293.764

350.73

387.24

1,511.201

Feet.

Oregon, 4.2 miles north of, 300 feet north of Pawley House, east side of

1,666.813

road, in large table rock; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1674 ALBANY”.. 1,674.064 Rudiston, 1.7 miles south of, in east end of north abutment of highway bridge over outlet to Piseco Lake at mill; bronze tablet stamped “ 1666 ALBANY ”

MILL, SOUTH ALONG ROAD., TO ARIETTA.

1,703.252

2,380.908

Arietta, 4.7 miles north of, in east side of road at Gus Avery’s house, in large rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1703 ALBANY”................

MOREHOUSEVILLE, NORTHEAST ALONG ROADS AND TRAIL, TO METCALF LAKE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Metcalf Lake, on bowlder on west side of trail; bronze tablet stamped “ 2380 ALBANY ” ...............................................

MOREHOUSEVILLE, EAST ALONG ROAD, TO PISECO.

Morehouseville, 2.7 miles east of, 50 feet west of church, south side of road, on rock; chiseled circle, with legend “ B. M. G. of N. Y. State

Land Survey” ................................................

Morehouseville, 7.8 miles east of, top of rock south side of road; chiseled

circle ..........................................................

Piseco, Irondequoit Club House basement; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1703 A”......................................................

1,832.82

1,865.34

1,702.803

PISECO, NORTHWEST TO SPRUCE LAKE.

1,964.198

Piseco, 5 miles north of, 50 feet north of old road running northeast to old lumber camp, in large bowlder 10 feet east of road; copper bolt stamped “ 1964 A”...............................................

FULTON, SARATOGA, AND WARREN COUNTIES.

Broadalbin, Glens Falls, Luzerne, Saratoga, and Schuylerville Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. They result from leveling reported in the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey, and in Bulletin No. 185, readjusted to conform with the “ 1903 adjustment.” For additional elevations on Saratoga and Luzerne quadrangles see precise-level lists.    !

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer; on Glens Falls and Schuylerville quadrangles in 1898 by Mr. Clark Brown, levehnan, and on remainder in 1899 by Mr. J. E. Thomas, levelman, except line Mayfield to Northville in 1896 by Mr. Brown. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ALBANY” in addition to the figures of elevation, except on Schuylerville quadrangle which are stamped “ A ” with figures of elevation in most cases 1 foot too high, and at Cranberry Creek stamped 4 feet tod high and without letters.

SCHUYLERVILLE QUADRANGLE.

SCHUYLERVILLE, VIA BURGOYNE AND STAFFORD, TO SARATOGA.

Schuylerville, in front of station; top of rail..........................

Schuylerville, corner of College and Green streets; school building, under

second window from west corner; bronze tablet stamped “216 A”......

Victory Mills, in front of station; top of rail..........................

Victory Mills, southwest corner of Gates avenue and Pine street, southeast corner of foundation of hotel, on projecting stone; chisel mark........

Feet.

175.0

215.149

192.7

200.64

Gates in front of station; top of rail................................

Burgoyne, bridge over Saratoga Lake outlet, north abutment, east face,

corner of coping; chiseled square..................................

Burgoyne, road crossing at station; top of rail.......................

Stafford, in front of station; top of rail...............................

Schuyler Junction, 1.5 miles west of, double-span bridge, center pier, southwest corner, coping; chiseled square...........................

Feet.

234.0

210.75 217.0 ' 209.9

225.14

SARATOGA, ALONG THE FITCHBURG AND THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROADS NORTHEAST VIA GANSEVOORT, TO FORT EDWARD.

Saratoga, 5.5 miles northeast of, South Wilton Church, south side near

front, in foundation; bronze tablet stamped “ 327 A”.................

Gansevoort, 3.75 miles south of, railroad bridge over road, outside anchor;

bolt in southeast wall plate.......................................

Gansevoort, Empire House, south side, near front, in brickwork; bronze tablet stamped “ 246 A”..........................................

326.192

308.90

245.213

SCHUYLERVILLE,, TO CHAMPLAIN CANAL BRIDGE NO. 56.

Schuylerville, Ferry Street Canal Bridge, towpath abutment, north wing, face corner, second step from bottom; chiseled cross in circle (Canal

bench mark No. 42).............................7................

Schuylerville, 2 miles south of, Canal Bridge No. 56; towpath abutment, north wing, face corner; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark No. 41) ........................................................

105.90

107.15

SCHUYLERVILLE, EAST TO BALD MOUNTAIN, THENCE SOUTH TO EASTON CORNERS, THENCE WEST TO SARLES FERRY.

Schuylerville, 1.5 miles north of, Canal Bridge No. 63, towpath abutment, south end, lower step, face corner; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench

mark No. 45) ....................................................

Schuylerville, 1.75 miles north of, Lock No. 10, coping, southeast anchor;

chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark No. 46)...................

Middle Falls, south bank of creek, 75 feet east of covered bridge, southeast

corner of brick gristmill; bronze tablet stamped “ 303 A ”............

North Easton (Easton Corners), 0.1 mile north of, 10-foot arch culvert, southwest wing, first stone back of arch on level with base; bronze tablet stamped “332 A”................................................

107.36

109.05

302.767

331.719

SARLES FERRY, NORTHEAST VIA QUAKER SPRINGS, TO STAFFORDS BRIDGE.

Sarles Ferry, opposite, on Champlain Canal, waste weir No. 7, north wing, southeast corner of coping; painted cross in circle (Canal bench mark

No. 37 and Deep Waterways bench mark)..........................

Quaker Springs, 600 feet west of crossroads, north side of road, in outcrop ;

bronze tablet stamped “321 A”....................................

Schuyler, Staffords Bridge, east end of north abutment, back corner of coping; chiseled square...........................................

103.195

320.234

208.37

BALD MOUNT'AIN, NORTH VIA DURKEETOWN, TO FORT EDWARD.

Durkeetown Church, south side, 10 feet from rear corner, in stone foundation ; bronze tablet stamped “ 171 A”................................

169.928

GLENS FALLS QUADRANGLE.

Fort Edward, Argyle Street Canal Bridge, north wing, east abutment, second step, face corner; chiseled cross in circle (Canal bench mark).. Fort Edward, Lock No. 15, southeast anchor; chiseled cross in circle

(Canal bench mark 79)...........................................

Fort Edward, high school building, front entrance, in stone pilaster at left side; bronze tablet stamped “145 A”...........................

141.56

148.52

SARATOGA QUADRANGLE.

BALLSTON SPA, VIA FACTORY VILLAGE, TO MIDDLEGROVE.

Factory village, east abutment of bridge over creek; bench mark at southwest corner .....................................................

Rock City Falls, on wall of flume at Pioneer Mills, 50 feet south of track;

chisel mark .....................................................

Rock City Palls, southeast corner of mill, 40 feet east of stone bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 445 ALBANY ”..........................

Feet.

354.48

400.49

445.760

EAST GALWAY, EAST TO SOUTH GREENFIELD.

East Galway, in east side of foundation wall of Baptist Church; bronze

tablet stamped “ 889 ALBANY”...................................

Rock City Palls, 2.5 miles northwest of, near gristmill at Middlegrove; northwest corner of west abutment to iron bridge over Kayaderosseras

Creek ..........................................................

Middlegrove, in east end of south abutment of iron bridge over Kayaderosseras Creek; bronze tablet stamped “ 523 ALBANY”.................

889.598

523.56

523.515

HADLEY, SOUTH TO CORINTH (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Corinth, in northwest corner of Baptist Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 626 ALBANY ” ................................................

626.057

BROAD AI.BIN QUADRANGLE.

FACTORY VILLAGE, WEST VIA GALWAY AND BROAD ALBIN, TO MAYFIELD.

Galway, in northwest corner of Presbyterian Church; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 838 ALBANY”........................................

West Galway, in northwest corner of foundation wall of Presbyterian

Church; aluminum tablet stamped “871 ALBANY”..................

Broadalbin, in southeast corner of brick Baptist Church; aluminum tablet stamped “ 820 ALBANY”.........................................

838.450

871.942

820.567

MAYFIELD, EAST VIA NORTHAMPTON TO EAST GALWAY.

Northampton, on southeast corner of retaining wall at south approach to closed wooden bridge; State bench mark (Colvin’s), chisel marked “ B. M.

No. 31”......................................................

Northampton, 2.25 miles south of, on ledge of rock near crest of hill; State bench mark, chisel marked “ 72 ”

Northampton, 2.9 miles south of, at intersection of roads, northwest corner,

50 feet north of road; old State bench mark..........................

Hagedorns Mills, south abutment in southeast corner of bridge over creek;

bronze tablet stamped “ 975 ALBANY”............................

North Galway, square stone monument 200 feet north of road locally known as Mechanic street; stone chisel marked “ N. Y. 17 S. S.”............

739.71

. 1,019.87

1,035.00

974.824

1,266.699

EDINBURG, SOUTH VIA BATCIIELLERVILLE TO NORTHAMPTON.

Batchellerville, in southwest corner of Presbyterian Church foundation wall;

bronze tablet stamped “ 771 ALBANY”.............................

Northampton, 0.36 mile northeast of, west side of road; chisel mark on

bowlder (old State bench mark)....................................

Northampton, 3.1 miles northeast of, on east side of road near yellow house;

chisel mark on bowlder (old State bench mark)......................

Northampton, in northeast corner of Presbyterian Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 790 ALBANY ”.......................................

770.450

774.06

799.96

789.612

EDINBURG, WEST ALONG ROAD, TO NORTHVILLE.

Northville, northeast corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, corner of Main and Washington streets; aluminum tablet stamped “ 802 ALBANY ”....

802.292

MAYFIELD, NORTHEAST ALONG RAILROAD, TO NORTHVILLE.

Feet.

743.0

763.790

765.0

Van Nostrands; road crossing at railroad station.......................

Cranberry Creek, Main street, 300 feet north of railroad crossing and 100 feet west of track, in bowlder 3 feet high; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G.

S. B. M. 768 Ft.”................................................

Northville ; platform of railroad station...............................

LUZERNE QUADRANGLE.

HADLEY, NORTH TO WARRENSBTTRG, THENCE WEST TO THURMAN. Hadley, northwest corner of G. West’s paper mill; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 613 ALBANY ”................................................

Hadley, 5.75 miles southwest of, 1,500 feet north of road, east side of lower River road leading to Conklingville, on bowlder at intersection; old State

bench mark, chiseled “ B. M. 11”..................................

Conklingville, west end of south abutment of iron bridge over Sacandaga River; bronze tablet stamped “ 726 ALBANY”......................

613.917

628.84

726.049

WEST DAY, EAST TO EFNER LAKE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

1,009.590

Day Center, 3 miles southeast of, on Lake road, near house owned and occupied by John S. Kinney, in ledge of rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1009 ALBANY ” ...............................................

HADLEY, WEST TO DAY, THENCE SOUTH TO EDINBURG.

Luzerne, on stepping stone in front of Catholic Church; chisel mark......

Luzerne, 4.5 miles northeast of, west side of Warrensburg road, 300 feet south of house at edge of woods, in ledge of rocks; bronze tablet stamped

“ 834 ALBANY ” ................................................

Warrensburg, on Main street, in southeast corner of stone building used as

post-office; bronze tablet stamped “ 749 ALBANY”..................

Thurman station, 1.25 miles north of, in abutment of Bridge No. 13, Adirondack Railway; aluminum tablet stamped “ 628 ALBANY 1899 ”........

665.03

834.025

749.022

628.264

STONY CREEK TO KNOWLHURST.

600.427

Stony Creek, 0.4 mile south of, at northwest corner of steel-girder bridge No. 10 over Stony Creek, in coping stone of bridge seat; aluminum tablet stamped “ 600 ALBANY 1899 ”....................................

HAMILTON AND OTSEGO COUNTIES.

Richfield Springs and Cooperstown Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following lists are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial points upon which these levels depend are at Herkimer, Little Falls, and Colliersville, points in the precise-level net, the bench marks at Herkimer and Little Falls having been re-covered by the recent precise leveling of the Army Engineers. The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Messrs. A. W. Gill and W. W. Gilbert, levelmen, during the season of 1899. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” or “ A ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

RICHFIELD SPRINGS QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

719.230

MOHAWK, SOUTHEAST TO PAINES HOLLOW, THENCE EAST TO NEW-VILLE, THENCE VIA INDIAN CASTLE TO LITTLE FALLS.

Mohawk, 3.9 miles southeast of, Gilbert Day’s stable, southwest corner of

foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “719 ALBANY”...............

Paines Hollow, 0.1 mile west of post-office, southwest corner of Dr. Henry Green’s stable; aluminum tablet stamped “1133 ALBANY”...........

HERKIMER, MADISON, ONEIDA, AND OTSEGO COUNTIES.

Hartwick, Oriskany, Sangerfield, and Winfield Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the heights of bench marks at Earlville, Richfield Junction, and Richfield Springs, as determined in accordance with the 1903 adjustment. For elevations at Richfield Junction and Leonardsville on the Sangerfield quadrangle refer to the precise-level line, Utica to Sidney (pp. 18-191.

The leveling was done in 1904-5 by Mr. G. M. Dimmiek, levelman, under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, except 1905 work on Winfield quadrangle, which was under the direction of Mr. 0. C. Bassett, topographer. Standard bench marks are stamped “ 1903 ADJin addition to the figures of elevation. The letters “ ALBANY ” also were stamped upbn those set in 1904.

SANGERFIELD QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

1,423.286

Feet.

Newville, southeast corner of stone mill belonging to Messrs. Lewis & Spoor; aluminum tablet stamped “ 552 A ”.................................

552.700

PAINES HOLLOW, SOUTH THROUGH JORDAN VILLE, TO RICHFIELD SPRINGS.

Richfield Springs, 1 mile northeast of, highway bridge at three corners, at

center of east parapet wall, on coping stone; chisel mark..............

Richfield Springs, northwest corner of Gould avenue and Church street, southeast corner of Universalist Church; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1327 ALBANY”.....................................................

1,329.35

1,327.556

RICHFIELD SPRINGS, EAST VIA WARREN, TO EAST SPRINGFIELD.

Springfield Center, foundation of Baptist Church; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1257 ALBANY '* .........:.....................................

East Springfield, west side of stone building used as post-office; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1324 ALBANY ” ..................................

1,257.736

1,324.721

NEWVILLE, VIA STARKVILLE, TO EAST SPRINGFIELD.

Starkville, Abram De Garno’s mill, in wall 1 foot east of northwest corner of building, 4 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 692 ALBANY”....................................................

692.500

COOPERSTOWN QUADRANGLE.

SPRINGFIELD CENTER, SOUTH TO COOPERSTOWN.

Cooperstown, northwest corner of county court-house; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1264 ALBANY ” .......................................

Cooperstown, opposite Cooperstown and Charlotte Valley railroad station; top of rail, main track............................................

1,264.480

1,283.0

COLLIERSVILLE, ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO COOPERSTOWN.

Milford, Methodist Church, northeast corner of foundation; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1207 ALBANY ” .......................................

Hartwick Seminary building, in foundation, east side; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 1266 ALBANY”........................................

Hartwick Seminary, 1.4 miles north of, iron bridge over river, on capstone at northeast corner; chisel mark

1,207.200

1,266.390

1,179.37

RICHFIELD JUNCTION, ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, SOUTHWEST VIA WATERVILLE AND NEW BROOKFIELD TO POOLVILLE.

Paris station, in foundation wall of residence of J. W. Pugh, east end of north face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1423 1903 ADJ”................

Waterville, 150 feet west of station, in foundation wall of N. C. Bohn & Son’s shoe shop, south end of east face: aluminum tablet stamped “ 1237

ALBANY ADJ ”................................................

Sangerfield, 200 feet east of station, in foundation wall of residence of M. L.

Williams; bronze tablet stamped “ 1250 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”..........

North Brookfield, in foundation wall of Cedar Valley Hotel, north end of

west face; aluminum tablet stamped “1201 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......

Hubbardsville, in foundation wall of Hotel Green, east end of north face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1202 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”...................

1,237.417

1,250.190

1,200.680

1,202.113

BOUCKVILLE, NORTHEAST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO DEANSBORO, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO WATERVILLE.

Oriskany Falls, in foundation wall of the store of E. McGlynn, east end of

south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 978 ADJ 1903 ”..................

Deansboro, in foundation wall of the United States milk condensery, east

end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 795 ADJ 1903 ”............

Forge Hollow, 0.51 mile southeast of, in foundation wall of stone school-house, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 987 ADJ 1903 ”........................................................

978.320

795.020

986.810

RICHFIELD JUNCTION, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD TO BRIDGEWATER.

Bridgewater, in foundation wall of Congregational Church, north end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1215 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”..........

1,215.112

WINFIELD QUADRANGLE.

BRIDGEWATER, EAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD TO RICHFIELD SPRINGS.

West Winfield, in foundation of railroad public drinking fountain, 50 feet

east of station; bronze tablet stamped “ 1182 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”..... 1,182.308

1,214.16

East Winfield, 880 feet east of station; top of railroad milepost 298.......

Cedarville, in foundation wall of station, east end, north face; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1292 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............................

Millers Mills, in foundation wall of station, north end, east face; bronze

tablet stamped “1410 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”........................

Millers Mills, 2.64 miles east of; top of milepost 304. .. .................

South Columbia, in foundation wall of Methodist Church; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1476 ALBANY 1903 ” ..................................

South Columbia, 2.02 miles east of, top of railroad iron milepost 808......

1,291.955

1,409.826

1,472.14

1,476.007

1,343.49

NORWICH CORNERS, SOUTHEAST TO MILLERS MILLS. Jerusalem Hill, in foundation wall of Jerusalem Church, 24 inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped “ 1532 ADJ 1903 ”....................

1,531.843

MILLERS MILLS, NORTHEAST, ALONG HIGHWAY VIA COLUMBIA CENTER, TO MOHAWK.

Columbia Center, 4.16 miles east of Cedarville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1532 ADJ

1903 ”.......................................................

Denison Corners, in foundation wall of the residence of A. A. Wolleber, ⁴¹ south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped " 1315 ADJ 1903 ”......

1,532.466

1,315.560

WEST WINFIELD, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO SCHUYLER LAKE.

Plainfield Center, in foundation wall of the Congregational parsonage, west

end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1756 ADJ 1903 ”..........

West Exeter, in foundation wall of the store of Denis Harrington, north

end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1320 ADJ 1903 ”............

Exeter, in wall of stone store occupied by P. J. Horan, north end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1656 ADJ 1903 ”......................

1,755.843

1,319.666

1,655.488

Feet.

Schuyler Lake, in wall of Universalist Church, south end, west face; aluminum tablet stamped “1313 ADJ 1903 ”............................

1,312.548

HARTWICK QUADRANGLE.

SCHUYLER LAKE, SOUTHEAST TO COOPERSTOWN.

1,277.753

1,497.371

Oakville, in foundation wall of Hotel Ayres, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1278 ADJ 1903 ” .................................

ORISKANY QUADRANGLE.

PARIS STATION, NORTH TO PARIS, THENCE EAST TO SAUQUOIT.

Paris, in foundation wall of Episcopal Church, south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1497 ADJ 1903 ”...........................

ALBANY, MONTGOMERY, OTSEGO, AND SCHOHARIE COUNTIES.

Berne, Canajoharie, and Schoharie Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descriptions are republished from Bulletin No. 185 and the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the U. S. Geological Survey, with elevations corrected to accord with the latest adjustment. The leveling on the Canajoharie and Schoharie quadrangles was done in 1898, under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman, and that on the Berne quadrangle was done partly in 1898-9, under the direction of Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. Seth Van Loan, level-man, and finished in 1900 under Mr. Glenn S. Smith, topographer, by Mr. J. H. Hodges, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped “ ALBANY ” or “ A ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

BERNE QUADRANGLE.

DELANSON, SOUTH TO GALLUP VILLE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO EAST BERNE.

Delanson, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Gallupville, Dutch Church, in wall near southeast corner; bronze tablet

stamped “ 831 ALBANY ” ........................................

Berne, Lutheran Church, in southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 1015 ALBANY ”.....................................................

Feet.

813.0

831.310

1,014.986

BERNE, SOUTHEAST VIA SOUTH BERNE, TO WESTERLO, THENCE NORTH TO EAST BERNE.

Westerlo, bridge over creek, in top of south end of east abutment; bronze

1,144.094

1,174.310

464.780

771.86

894.94

tablet stamped “1144 ALBANY”..................................

East Berne, west entrance to village, 300 feet east of Berne road intersection, in embedded stone at bend in road; bronze tablet stamped “1174 ALBANY”....................................................

EAST BERNE, NORTH TO ALTAMONT, THENCE NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO DELANSON.

Altamont, in foundation wall southwest side of Altamont Hotel; bronze

tablet stamped “ 464 ALBANY”....................................

Knox, 1.75 miles west of station, 900 feet west of road crossing, small culvert; point on north end, chiseled circle..............................

Duane, 900 feet east of, south end of east abutment oi bridge; point on top.

WESTERLO, WEST TO RENSSELAERVILLE.

Rensselaerville, southwest corner Miner’s storehouse, in stone sill; bronze tablet stamped “ 1367 ALBANY ” a.................................

1,369.568

CANA.JOHARIE QUADRANGLE.

CANAJOHARIE TO AMES (MEAN OF DIRECT AND REVERSE LINES).

Canajoharie, Union Free School, west front, south of stone steps, in stone

balustrade; aluminum tablet stamped “A 350 ”.......................

Marshville, schoolhouse; south end of doorsill..........................

350.301

675.72

AMES, EAST TO BLAINE, THENCE SOUTH TO SHARON.

Blaine, 50 feet from east coping of cemetery wall; aluminum tablet stamped

“A 943 ”......................................................

Sharon, opposite Lutheran Church and schoolhouse, outcropping ledge in field, southwest of road; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1212”..........

943.315

1,212.822

SHARON, NORTHWEST TO SHARON SPRINGS STATION.

Sharon Center, schoolhouse; north end of doorsill......................

Sharon Springs, 700 feet north of main east and west road through Rockville, 500 feet from top of hill, in outcrop on west side of street; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1295 ”....................................

Sharon Springs, in front of station; top of rail..........................

1,437.77

1,295.007

1,353.7

SHARON SPRINGS STATION, NORTHWEST TO SPROUT BROOK, THENCE EAST TO AMES.

Sprout Brook, 1 mile south of, at road corner; south end of schoolhouse

doorsill........................................................

Hessville, 0.5 mile south of schoolhouse, 150 feet north of road to west, opposite house and 15 feet east of road, in bowlder 8 feet broad; aluminum tablet stamped “A 826 ”......................................

783.73

825.987

FORT PLAIN, WEST TO HALLSVILLLE.

Fort Plain, Erie Canal Lock No. 32, towpath coping, end of anchor, northeast gate; chiseled cross within circle (Canal B. M. No. 171)..........

Fort Plain, Union Free School, Division street front, water table 1 foot from

south corner; aluminum tablet stamped ‘‘A 316”,...................

Fort Plain, 1.5 miles west of, Valley schoolhouse; west end of doorsill.....

Ilallsville, south end of cheese factory, stone foundation, 1 foot from east corner; aluminum tablet stamped “A 509 ”..........................

312.151

317.090

394.53

509.242

SCHOHARIE QUADRANGLE. \

Shutts Corners, schoolhouse; east end of doorsill........................

Barnerville, 200 feet west of covered bridge, 100 feet north of Main street, at iron bridge over mill race, south abutment, east wing; aluminum tablet stamped “A 827 ”................................................

1,145.97

827.253

BARNERVILLE, EAST TO SCHOHARIE, THENCE SOUTH TO MIDDLEBURG.

Schoharie, court-house, south side of south door in west front, beveled jamb;

aluminum tablet stamped “A 611”................................

Schoharie, 1.25 miles south of Bridge street, on railroad bridge, north abutment, west wing, second step; domelike fossil 6 inches from face........

Middleburg, schoolhouse, east front, south of entrance, in foundation wall;

aluminum tablet stamped “A 649 ”.................................

Breakabeen, Lutheran Church, in west foundation, 5 feet from corner;

aluminum tablet stamped “A 754 ”..................................

West Fulton, iron bridge across Panther Creek, south abutment, east end, in coping, aluminum tablet stamped “A 1156 ”.......................

611.077

609.43

649.551

754.323

a This elevation, 1,369.568, is possibly 2 feet too great.

Vintonton, 0.25 mile south of, schoolhouse; south end of doorsill

Feet.

1,390.44

743.47

MIDDLEBURG, SOUTH TO FRAN KLIN TON.

Middleburg, 1.75 miles southeast of, iron bridge, north abutment, east wing,

on bridge seat; chiseled square..........,..........................

1,214.907

Franklinton, schoolhouse, southwest corner of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1215 ”...............................................

DUTCHESS, ORANGE, AND ULSTER COUNTIES.

Newburg, Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, Rosendale, and Schunemunk Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descriptions are republished from Bulletin No. 185, with elevations corrected to accord with the 1903 adjustment. For additional elevations on Newburg and Poughkeepsie quadrangles refer to “ Precise leveling.”

The leveling on Rosendale quadrangle was done partly in 1900 under Mr. O. C. Bassett, topographer, bv Mr. W. S. D. Moore, levelman, and completed in 1901 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings by W. E. Greene, levelman. The remainder was done under Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, as follows: On Schunemunk and Poughkeepsie quadrangles and on part of Rhinebeck quadrangles in 1899 by Mr. Seth Van Loan, levelman; on Newburg quadrangle in 1900 by Mr. G. Bailey, levelman ; on remainder of Rhinebeck in 1900 by Mr. W. S. D. Moore, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to figures of elevation. Those on the Schunemunk quadrangle are stamped mostly 2 feet too low.

POUGHKEEPSIE QUADRANGLE.

POUGHKEEPSIE, NORTHEAST TO PLEASANT VALLEY.

Poughkeepsie station, second step from east end of column on north side of arch bridge, keyed in fifth stone above ground; brass bolt stamped

¹¹ + ".........................................................

Poughkeepsie, city hall, in front face; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY

173 ”..........................................................

Poughkeepsie, south end of first bridge east of station, over small creek;

point on corner first, step, east abutment.............................

Poughkeepsie, northwest end of west abutment of small bridge east of Van

Wagner crossing; point on top of stone..............................

Poughkeepsie, 1 mile west of Pleasant Valley, at Landis place, third step from top, south end, west abutment, cattle pass and bridge; point in

corner........................................................

Pleasant Valley, 300 feet east of station, in face of rock north side of track; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 211”........................

Feet.

43.334

172.991

172.94

243.21

232.57

211.416

HIGHLAND, SOUTH ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO MILTON.

9.000

Milton, south side of Townsend’s store, in window sill; bronze tablet stamped “ 9 ALBANY ”..........................................

HIGHLAND, NORTH TO COLLEGE POINT.

Highland, Poughkeepsie bridge, west abutment, southwest corner, top stone;

chiseled mark..................................................

Highland, in front of West Shore Railroad station; top of west rail........

Highland, 2 miles north of, east end of south wall of open culvert; chiseled mark.........................................................

225.31

10.2

8.90

RHINEBECK QUADRANGLE.

PLEASANT VALLEY, NORTHEAST TO CLINTON CORNERS, THENCE SOUTH TO WASHINGTON HOLLOW.

Salt Point, 1 mile east of, south end of west abutment of Leggetts Bridge;

corner second stone from top......................................

Clinton Cyrners, north end of west abutment of bridge over Salt Point

Creek, in coping stone; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 244”.........

Hibernia, south abutment, near end of truss bridge over creek; point on east side.......................................................

267.31

244.735

251.43

COLLEGE POINT, NORTH ALONG THE WEST SHORE RAILROAD, TO KINGSTON.

College Point, 180 feet north of “ Watchman’s Box,” on east end of north

wall of culvert; chisel mark......................................

West Park, West Shore Railroad station, in north wall at northwest corner;

bronze tablet stamped “113 ALBANY”.............................

Esopus, at crossing; top of rail......................................

Esopus, 0.7 mile north of, south abutment, on east end of bridge; chiseled

mark.........................................................

Ulster Park, 300 feet south of station, at crossing; top of rail............

Port Ewen, 500 feet south of station, at crossing; top of east rail.........

65.42

113.842

117.3

122.16

149.7

160

EOSENDALE QUADRANGLE.

KINGSTON, WEST ALONG THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD, TO BRODHEAD.

Kingston, city hall; in center of face wall of front portico; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 223 ALBANY”...................................

Bridge No. 6, Ulster and Delaware Railroad, east abutment, north end, on

top stone; chisel mark............................................

Kingston Creek Bridge, on north end of west abutment; chisel mark......

Stony Hollow, 0.25 mile north of, Bridge No. 12, east abutment, south end,

top stone; chisel mark............................................

West Hurley, 0.5 mile east of railroad station, 100 feet northwest of road crossing on south side of highway; bronze tablet stamped “ 546 ALBANY”

West Hurley, in front of station; top of rail...........................

Olive Branch, in front of station, top of rail............................

Olive Branch, 400 feet west of station, Bridge No. 17, west abutment, north

end, top stone; chisel mark.......................................

Olive Branch, 2.5 miles west of, Bridge No. 20, east abutment, south end,

top stone ; chisel mark............................................

Brodhead Bridge, east abutment, north end; chisel mark................

Brodhead, at Ulster and Delaware Railroad crossing; top of rail..........

223.760

155.94

165.01

459.34

546.312

531

515.2

512.22

506.37

502.21

503.4

SHOKAN, SOUTHEAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD, TO ALLIGERVILLE.

Krumville, 1.5 miles southeast of, at L. D. Christiana’s house, in northeast corner of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 827 ALBANY 1902 ”.

827.287

ALLIGERVILLE, NORTHEAST VIA ROSENDALE, TO RIFTON.

Alligerville, iron bridge over Rondout Creek, east end of south abutment;

bronze tablet stamped “ 220 ALBANY 1901 ”........................

Rosendale, road crossing at station; top of rail........................

Rifton, 150 feet from post-office, east side of road, rock ledge; bronze tablet stamped “170 ALBANY 1901”..............................

220.405

182.5

169.887

ROSENDALE, SOUTH ALONG THE WALLKILL VALLEY RAILROAD, TO NEWPALTZ.

Springtown, farm crossing at station; top of rail........................

Newpaltz, 150 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail..........

188.4

207.5

ROSENDALE, ALONG THE WALLKILL VALLEY RAILROAD TO KINGSTON.

Binnewater, road crossing; top of rail.................................

Whiteport, in front of station; top of rail............................

Feet.

206.1

180.4

NEWBURG QUADRANGLE.

NEWBUEG, WEST VIA COLDENHAM TO MONTGOMERY, THENCE NORTH TO NEW HURLEY STATION.

Newburg, southwest corner of post-office building, to right of entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 95    ...................................

Coldenham, 0.2 mile west of, at entrance to A. B. Lindsay’s place, large

stone gatepost; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 434 ”.............

Berea, crossing of Philadelphia and Reading Railroad; top of west rail of

main track .....................................................

Walden, southeast corner of National Bank of Walden; aluminum tablet

stamped “ALBANY 376 ”..........................................

Walden, in front of Wallkill Valley Railroad station; top of west rail,

main track. . . ...................................................

Borden condensed-milk factory, on west end of culvert over stream flowing

into pond, stone on southeast corner of coping; chisel mark...........

Wallkill, 400 feet south of station, at highway crossing; top of rail......

Wallkill, foundation of water tank; point cut on stone..................

94.404

433.619

410.3

375.136

353.2

292.52

279.1

279.13

NEW HURLEY POST-OFFICE, SOUTHEAST VIA PLATTEKILL AND BALM-VTLLEj TO NEWBURG.

Plattekill, 0.2 mile east of, north end of bridge over stream flowing south, on

top stone of retaining wall; chisel mark............................

Balmville, on stone foundation of fence surrounding big tree; chiseled point.

554.15

194.60

NEW HURLEY STATION, NORTH VIA GARDINER TO NEWPALTZ, THENCE EAST TO HIGHLANDS.

Gardiner station, 150 feet south of, in east wall of culvert; bronze tablet

stamped “ALBANY 309 ”.........................................

Forest Glen station, 0.2 mile south of, south end of trestle, east side of

track, on wall; chisel mark........................................

Newpaltz, Newpaltz Savings Bank, southwest corner; bronze tablet stamped

“ALBANY 237 ”.................................................

Lloyd, Centerville Hotel, southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 359 ” ..........................................................

308.097

297.73

236.022

358.177

LLOYD, SOUTHWEST TO CLINTONDALE.

Clintondale, Ambrose’s store, southwest corner; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 553 ”.................................................

552.740

SCHUNEMUNK QUADRANGLE.

CORNWALL, VIA NEWBURG JUNCTION ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO OXFORD.

Cornwall, 600 feet north of, New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge,

in face of west abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 271”......

Mountainville, 0.5 mile north of, west end of south abutment of railroad

bridge; point on bridge seat.......................................

Woodbury, 200 feet south of station; point on northeast foot block at end

of truss bridge...................................................

Central Valley, 200 feet north of station, south abutment east end bridge

seat; point on stone..............................................

Central Valley, west of Noxon’s store, in large stone in retaining wall of

Finken’s place; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 488 ”...............

Newburg Junction, 0.5 mile north of, east end of south abutment of railroad bridge; point on bridge seat..................................

Arden, 300 feet north of, north abutment of bridge over stream; point on top, east end; chisel mark........................................

273.714

229.58

435.90

484.20

489.334

518.22

522.16

Arden, 300 feet north of station, railroad bridge over stream, in pier top,

east end; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 519”....................

Doyles, 0.25 mile east of, face of large bowlder in road; bronze tablet

stamped “ALBANY 718”.........................................

Turners, 300 feet west of, west abutment of bridge, on north end; chisel

mark......................................................

Monroe, 0.5 mile east of, west abutment of culvert; point on top of north

end..........................................................

Oxford, 300 feet east of, east abutment of overhead bridge; point on north end...........................................................

520.695

719.921

554.78

592.32

531.92

OXFORD, NORTH TO BURN SIDE, THENCE EAST TO CORNWALL.

Craigville, 300 feet north of, south abutment, east end of cattle pass; point

second step from top............................................

Farmingdale, 500 feet north of, south abutment, east end of cattle pass;

point on top.....................................................

Elsmere, 0.5 mile south of, west end of north abutment of cattle pass;

point on second step from top......................................

Burnside, 1.25 miles east of, in west face of east abutment of concrete-arch

railroad bridge No. 35; bronze tablet a stamped “ 359 ALBANY”.......

Meadowbrook, 400 feet east of; point on north end of east abutment of

culvert.........................................................

Cornwall, 0.4 mile east of, south abutment of Erie Railroad bridge; point

on coping at west end............................................

Cornwall, west abutment of New York, Ontario and Western Railway bridge; point on step, north end....................................

423.42

379.27

372.80

358.823

337.2

338.34

271.82

COLUMBIA AND DUTCHESS COUNTIES.

Catskill, Clove, Copake, Coxsackie, Kinderhook, and Millbrook Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The descriptions are mostly republished from Bulletin No. 185, and the elevations are corrected to accord with the latest adjustment.

The leveling on Millbrook quadrangle was done in 1899 under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. Seth Van Loan, levelman; that on Catskill, Kinderhook, and part of Copake quadrangles was done in 1900 under Mr. Bassett, by Mr. George Bailey, levelman; the remainder on Copake quadrangle was done in 1902 under Mr. A. H. Bumstead, topographer, by Mr. G. C. Mills, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with letters “ ALBANY⁵¹ in addition to the figures of elevation.

CLOVE QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

406.566

459.56

Dover Plains, in northwest corner of bank; aluminum (?) tablet stamped “ALBANY 406 ” .................................................

MILLBROOK QUADRANGLE.

WASHINGTON HOLLOW, EAST VIA MILLBROOK, TO DOVER PLAINS.

Millbrook, 2 miles west of, south parapet wall of bridge over stream; point in stone....................................................

a This bench mark was set in 1905 by Mr. C. E. Knickerbocker, engineer maintenance of way, New York, Ontario and Western Railway, and replaces the old bench mark stamped “ 357 ” which is at the same elevation but incased in concrete reenforcement of abutment.

Feet.

Millbrook, west side of Millbrook Bank near southwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 568 ”....................................

568.824

DOVER PLAINS, NORTH ALONG THE HARLEM RAILROAD, TO MILLERTON.

Wassaic, 600 feet south of, north abutment of bridge over stream; point

on west end....................................................

Amenia, in corner stone southwest corner of Amenia Bank; aluminum

tablet stamped “ALBANY 573 ”....................................

Coleman, 0.87 mile north of, west end of north abutment overhead bridge;

point on second step from top......................................

Millerton, first bridge north of, south abutment, west end; point on second stone from top...................................................

453.13

573.87

586.68

499.56

MILLERTON, VIA SHEKOMEICO ALONG THE NEWBURG, DUTCHESS, AND CONNECTICUT RAILROAD, TO PINE PLAINS.

Millerton, in northeast front of brick block hotel; aluminum tablet stamped

“ALBANY 701 ”.................................................

Winchells station, 1.25 miles west of, south abutment of cattle pass Bridge

No. 66; point on east end.........................................

Shekomeko, 1 mile north of, south abutment of overhead Bridge No. 63;

point on fourth step from top, west end..............................

Bethel station, west abutment of Bridge No. 57; point on north end, chisel

mark “ U. S.”....................................................

Pine Plains, in foundation stone of Myer’s dwelling, near southeast corner of house; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 474 ”.................

701.081

864.73

731.87

500.79

474.626

PINE PLAINS, VIA STISSING AND STANFORDVILLE, TO CLINTON CORNERS.

McIntyre, Central New England bridge, in face of south abutment, third course from ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 399 ”.......

399.388

COPAKE QUADRANGLE.

MILLEETON, NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO PHIlMONT.

Mount Riga station, 1.5 miles north of, stream to west; northwest corner of

culvert (stream 3 feet lower)......................................

Boston Corners, 300 feet south of station, in top of southeast corner of culvert on New York Central Railroad; bronze tablet stamped

“ALBANY 727 ”.................................................

Copake Ironworks,, 500 feet south of station; northwest abutment of railroad bridge (stream 25 feet below).................................

Craryville, 500 feet west of station, south side of track, in west abutment of

railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 635 ”...............

Martindale station, just north of, at crossing; west rail.................

773.43

727.139

674.33

635.151

639.5

BOSTON CORNERS, WESTWARD VIA THE CENTRAL NEW ENGLAND RAII.WAY, TO GALLATINVILLE, THENCE NORTH ALONG HIGHWAYS VIA GLENCO MILLS, TO CLAVERACK,

THENCE NORTHEAST TO PHILMONT.

Boston Corners, 300 feet south of station, in top of southeast corner of culvert on New York Central Railroad; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY

727 ”    ..........................................................

Copake, Central New England bridge No. 80, on north end of west abutment ; chiseled square.............................................

Copake, 2.5 miles southwest of, Bridge No. 85, 900 feet southeast of highway and 0.5 mile southeast of Millers Pond, in east corner of

southwest abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 508 ”...........

Ancram, stone-arch highway bridge over Roeliff Janson Kill, on south end

of west parapet; chiseled square...................................

Gallatinville, highway bridge over Roeliff Janson Kill, east wing of north abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “ 405 ALBANY”................

727.139

537.69

508.350

480.76

405.192

New Forge, on south end of west abutment of iron bridge over Claverack

Creek; bronze tablet stamped “516 ALBANY”......................

West Taghkanick, 0.9 mile north of, 600 feet south of George Sears’s dwelling; 1-inch steel bar 15 inches long sunk flush in rock ledge on

west side of road, marked “ U. S. B. M. 289 ”.......................

Glenco Mills, iron highway bridge over Taghkanick Creek, in west wing wall of south abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “261 ALBANY”.... Claverack, 0.5 mile southeast of, iron highway bridge, center pier, east end; bronze tablet stamped “156 ALBANY”.............................

515.995

289.61

261.703

155.841

KINDERHOOK QUADRANGLE.

PHILMONT, NORTH TO CHATHAM.

Philmont, west side of Empire House, in stone over cellar window; bronze

tablet stamped “ALBANY 525 ”....................................

Ghent, just south of New York Central Railroad station, at crossing; east

rail, east track...................................................

Chatham, east side of tenth roof support from east end of station, train side; tablet (bench mark of the Massachusetts topographical survey

commission) ....................................................

Chatham, in northeast corner of Masonic Block, about 3 feet from ground;

aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 470 ”...........................

Chatham, 1 mile north of, on west abutment of Bridge No. 201, in top stone; bench No. 84 of the Massachusetts topographical survey commission, marked by a hole and “ B. S.”, bottom of hole...............

525.504

397.3

470.912

470.990

519.457

NIVERVILLE, SOUTHWEST VIA STUYVESANT FALLS, TO HUDSON.

Niverville, near northwest corner of water tank, in brick about 4 feet from ground; bench mark of the Massachusetts topographical survey

commission, marked “ B-O-M ”, center of hole.......................

Niverville, in southwest corner of brick water tank, 3 feet from ground;

bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 323 ”.............................

Valatie, road crossing; west rail......................................

Kinderhook, 100 feet south of station, north side of highway, 10 feet west

of track; top stone over drain.....................................

Stuyvesant Falls, west end of bridge over Kinderhook Creek, in end of

north wing wall; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 156”..............

Rossman station, road crossing 100 feet south of; east rail..............

Stockport, road crossing just north of station; west rail.................

Stottville, 150 feet north of station, road crossing; east rail..............

322.936

322.924

245

259.02

156.376

63.6

47.0

125.4

CATSKILL QUADRANGLE.

Hudson, on northeast end of upper station, 1 foot from ground; bronze

151.543

151.1

10.686

tablet stamped “ALBANY 151”....................................

Hudson, Diamond street; crossing electric railway and railroad..........

COXSACKIE QUADRANGLE.

Hudson station; United States Coast and Geodetic Survey bench mark No. 4 (railroad bench, the usual round-headed bolt, in west side of top of stone pier under iron column, under overhead bridge in street leading to docks and Athens Ferry; the first one north of Hudson station. The pier is under the second column from south end in the east row of three) .......................................................

GREENE, ULSTER, AND SCHOHARIE COUNTIES.

Gilboa, Kaaterskill, and Phoenicia Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark near Albany, the elevation of which is now accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The leveling was previously reported upon in Bulletin No. 185, but has been readjusted to accord with the 1903 adjustment of pre-

cise leveling. The leveling was done in 1900, under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Messrs. W. S. D. Moore and George Bailey, levelmen. The standard bench marks are stamped “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

PHOENICIA QUADRANGLE.

BOICEVILLE, NORTH TO PHOENICIA.

Mount Pleasant, in front of station; top of rail........................

Phoenicia, in front of station; top of rail.............................

Phoenicia, Ulster and Delaware Railroad bridge, south pier, top of east end; aluminum tablet stamped “ 804 ALBANY”....................

Feet.

713.9

796.2

805.171

PHOENICIA, NORTHWEST ALONG THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD, TO HIGHMOUNT.

Shandaken, steel bridge at forks of road, top of southwest wing wall;

bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 1071”............................

Big Indian, at station; passenger-room doorsill........................

Pine Hill, in front of station; top of rail..............................

1,071.401

1,213.85

1,661.2

SHANDAKEN, SOUTHWEST TO BIG INDIAN, THENCE SOUTH TO SLIDE MOUNTAIN POST-OFFICE.

Slide Mountain, rock at northwest corner of post-office; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 1665 ”........................................

1,665.070

SHANDAKEN, NORTH TO LEXINGTON.

West Kill, 1.3 miles south of top of Deep Notch, west side of road, on

bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ALBANY 1901”..................

West Kill, small steel bridge on south of road, east sill; chisel mark......

1,901.096

1,464.51

PHOENICIA, NORTHEAST TO LANESVILLE.

Chichester, in front of station; top of rail............■................

Chichester, 1.7 miles northeast of, north abutment of bridge, east end, top stone; chisel mark............................................

1,014.7

1,151.45

HUNTER, WEST TO LEXINGTON.

Jewett Center, east abutment of East Kill bridge, north end, top stone;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1405 ALBANY ”........................

Lexington, north pier of Schoharie Creek bridge, west end, top stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1329 ALBANY”........................

1,405.728

1,329.760

KAATERSKILL QUADRANGLE.

LANESVILLE, NORTHEAST TO KAATERSKILL JUNCTION, THENCE NORTHWEST TO HUNTER.

Edgewood, 300 feet north of station, north pier of bridge, east end, in top

stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 1790 ALBANY”......................

Hunter, 1 mile south of, east abutment of highway bridge, south end, top

of stone; chisel mark............................................

Hunter, public school building, north side of front entrance, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1602 ALBANY”....................

GILBOA QUADRANGLE.

LEXINGTON, NORTH TO PRATTSVILLE.

Lexington, 2.5 miles north of, north abutment of Schoharie Creek Bridge,

east end, top stone; chisel mark...................................

Prattsville, 1 mile east of, .east abutment of Red Kill Bridge, south end,

top stone; chisel mark............................................

Prattsville, public school building, in front wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1164 ALBANY ”........................

1,790.606

1,620.17

1,602.562

1,275.76

1,181.18

PRATTSVILLE, EAST TO WINDHAM.

Windham, bridge over Batavia Creek on road to Hunter, top of north abutment, east end; bronze tablet stamped “1517 ALBANY”..........

1,517.884

PRATT SVILLE,, NORTH TO GILBOA.

Prattsville, at fork with Grand Gorge road, Schoharie Creek Bridge, east approach, top stone of north retaining wall at end of railing; chisel

mark ..........................................................

Gilboa, 1.2 miles south of, south abutment of Manor Kill Bridge, east

end, top stone; chisel mark........................................

Gilboa, 800 feet north of, on east side of road, opposite bridge over Schoharie Creek, in ledge of rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1010 ALBANY”. . 1,010.190

1,151.04

1,115.65

GILBOA, EAST TO MANORKILL.

Strykersville (West Conesville post-office), bridge 40 feet west of post-

office, on southwest abutment; chisel mark..........................

Conesville, bridge 150 feet west of post-office, on northeast corner abutment; chisel mark................................................

Manorkill, white church opposite post-office, southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 1515 ”.........................................

1,260.12

1,383.23

1,515.295

GILBOA, NORTH VIA BLENHEIM, TO BREAKABEEN.

813.430

1,077.310

Blenheim, 300 feet north of post-office, northwest side of road, in ledge of rock; aluminum tablet stamped “813 ALBANY”....................

FRANKLINTON, SOUTH TO LIVINGSTONVILLE.

Livingstonville, in northwest corner of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped “ALBANY 1077 ”.........................................

DELAWARE, OTSEGO, SCHOHARIE, AND ULSTER COUNTIES.

Hobart, Margaretville, and Richmondville Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. They result from joint adjustment tvith previous work to accord with elevations by the 1903 adjustment at Poughkeepsie and East Worcester, points in the precise-le\⁷el net.

The leveling on Hobart and part of that on Margaretville and Richmondville quadrangles was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. William Kelley, levelman; the remainder on the Margaretville quadrangle was done by W. E. Greene, levelman, in 1901, under Mr. Jennings, and that on the Richmondville quadrangle in 1902 under Mr. 0. C. Bassett, topographer. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

MARGARETVILLE QUADRANGLE.

HIGHMONT, EAST ALONG THE ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD, TO ELEISCHMANS, THENCE NORTH TO ROXBURY.

Shandaken, steel bridge at forks of road, top of southwest wing wall;

bronze tablet stamped “1071 ALBANY”............................

Big Indian, passenger room at station; doorsill........................

Pine Hill, in front of station; top of rail.......‘.......................

Fleischmans station, east abutment of Ulster and Delaware bridge No. 47,

south end; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1515 ALBANY 1901 ”...........

Kelleys Corners, in front of station; top of west rail....................

Feet.

1,071.401

1,213.85

1,661.2

1,515.771

1,380.7

STAMFORD, NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAYS TO NORTH KORTRIGHT,

THENCE NORTHEAST TO NORTH HARPERSFIELD.

Stamford, Joseph Millan’s brick store on Main street, in northwest face;

1,827.244

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1826 ALBANY 1901”....................

1,610.221

North Kortright, front of post-office, south side of road; spike in pine tree. 1,517.43 North Harpersfield, southerly side of residence of Jas. A. Topping, under bay window, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1609 ALBANY 1901 ”

RICIIMONDVILLE QUADRANGLE.

NORTH KORTRIGHT, NORTHWEST TO FERGUSON VILLE, THENCE NORTHEAST TO CHARLOTTEVILLE, THENCE NORTH TO EAST WORCESTER.

South Worcester, 6 feet north of southeast corner of Olmstead & Sturges’s store, east side of foundation wall; aluminum tablet ‘damped “1373

1,374.016

1,427.63

1..405.207

Halcottsville, in front of station; top of west rail......................

Halcottsville, 550 feet south of, Ulster and Delaware bridge No. 54, on top of south abutment, at west end; bronze tablet stamped “ 1399

ALBANY 1901 ”.................................................

Halcottsville, 1.45 miles north of, at highway crossing; crest of dam......

Feet.

1,403.8

1,399.691

1,410.8

ARKVILLE, SOUTHEAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO WEST SHANDAKEN.

Dry Brook, West Shandaken, front of Second Adventist Church, southwest corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 1628 ALBANY 1901”................

1,628.726

ARKVILLE, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO ARENA, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO GRANT MILLS, THENCE SOUTH TO ULSTER-DELAWARE COUNTY LINE ON COYKENDALL ROAD.

Margaretville, stone steps at entrance to People’s Bank, west face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1325 ALBANY 1901”.-.......................

Grant Mills, 2.9 miles south of, line between Delaware and Ulster counties, 1,380 feet northwesterly from large culvert, north side of CoykendalLroad, in large rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 2464 ALBANY 1901 ”..........

1,325.581

2,465.526

NEAR DUN RAVEN, NORTH TO NEW KINGSTON.

New Kingston, north face of United Presbyterian Church, 2 feet west of belfry tower; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1685 ALBANY 1901”........

1,685.745

HOBART QUADRANGLE.

ROXBURY, NORTHEAST ALONG ULSTER AND DELAWARE RAILROAD TO GRAND GORGE, THENCE WEST TO HOBART.

Roxbury, in front of station; top of west rail..........................

Roxbury, 0.85 mile north of, north abutment of Ulster and Delaware bridge, No. 59, west end; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1499 ALBANY 1901 ”........................................................

1,495.1

Grand Gorge station; platform

1,499.601

1,562.6

Grand Gorge, 125 feet east of main track and 100 feet north of station,

top of large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1561 ALBANY 1901 ”. 1,561.901

1,748.8 1,788.7

South Gilboa station, under overhead bridge; top of west rail.........

Stamford, in front of station; top of south rail, main track..............

Hobart, 0.25 mile east of, west abutment of Bridge No. 70, south end of

back wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1633 ALBANY 1901”..........

Hobart, in front of station; top of north rail..........................

1,634.701

1,636.0

ALBANY 1901 ”.................................................

East Worcester, in front of station; top of east rail.....................

East Worcester, 0.75 mile west of station (precise line), north end of culvert; tablet stamped “ 1406 ALBANY 1901”........................

CHARLOTTESVILLE, NORTHEAST TO SUMMIT, THENCE SOUTH TO STEWART POST-OFFICE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Summit, south side wall of Jump & Havens’s drug store; bronze tablet

stamped “2108 ALBANY 1902 ”...................................

Stewart, in southeast corner of post-office (Martin Vroman’s house) ; bronze tablet stamped “ 1364 ALBANY 1902 ”..............................

Feet.

2,108.96

1,364.230

COBLE SKILL, NORTHWEST ALONG THE CHERRY VALLEY BRANCH OF DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, VIA HYNDSVILLE AND SEWARD, TO SHARON SPRINGS.

Hyndsville, in front of passenger room; top of high rail................

Seward, in front of passenger-room door; top of rail....................

Seward, in front wall of general store; bronze tablet stamped “ 1186

ALBANY 1902 ” ................................................

Hansons crossing; top of rail.......................................

1,115.6

1,181.5

1,186.486

1,217.0

SEWARD, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO SOUTH VALLEY (SINGLESPUR LINE).

South Valley, Christian Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 1563 ALBANY 1902 ”.........................................................

1,563.183

ORANGE, SULLIVAN, AND ULSTER COUNTIES.

Ellenville and Slide Mountain Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark at Greenbush near Albany., the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial elevation at Shokan was determined by readjustment of levels reported upon in Bulletin No. 185. The elevations accord with the 1903 adjustment.

The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. C. 0. Bassett, topographer, in 1903, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman, except line Shokan to Boiceville run in -1900 by Mr. W. S. D. Moore, levelman. Standard bench marks of this list are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation and year.

SLIDE MOUNTAIN QUADRANGLE.

BRODHEAD, NORTHWEST TO BOICEVILLE.

Shokan, 0.2 mile ea'st of station, west abutment of Bridge N\ 22, north end, bedplate; bronze tablet stamped “ 532 ALBANY”.....................

Feet.

533.351

SHOKAN TO OLIVE CITY, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO SAMSONVILLE, THENCE SOUTH TO KERHONKSON, THENCE ALONG RAILROAD SOUTHWEST TO NAPANOCH.

Samsonville, 50 feet south of Methodist Church, in limestone outcrop;

bronze tablet stamped “ 855 ALBANY 1903 ”........................

Kerhonkson, in water table at center of east face of New York, Ontario and Western depot; aluminum tablet stamped “ 254 ALBANY 1903 ”......

855.411

253.769

NAPANOCH, NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO EUREKA, THENCE NORTHEAST TO SUNDOWN (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Lackawack, 0.3 mile northwest of, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, east face, 5 feet from southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 691

ALBANY 1903 ”................................................

Lackawack, 3.61 miles northwest of, highway bridge over small stream; point on top of west end of south abutment..........................

691.304

760.32

Sundown, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 993 ALBANY 1903 ”........................

Feet.

993.485

POINT WEST OF SUNDOWN, NORTH ALONG- HIGHWAY TO DENNING (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Denning, in foundation wall of Hotel Erts, east end of south face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1965 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

1,964.941

ELLENVILLE QUADRANGLE.

NAPANOCH, SOUTH ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY VIA SUMMITVILLE TO MIDDLETOWN.

Ellenville, in foundation wall of station, center of east face; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 319 ALBANY 1903 ”.............................

Spring Glen, in foundation wall of station, center of west face; bronze tablet stamped “451 ALBANY 1903 ”..........................\.....

Summitville, 150 feet north of station, north end of west retaining wall;

point on top of stone sluiceway, square..............................

Wurtsboro (Mamakating station), in foundation wall of station, north end

of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 723 ALBANY 1903 ”............

Bloomingburg, 0.6 mile south of, south end of east abutment of railroad

bridge ; point on top.............................................

Winterton, in front of station; top of east rail.........................

Fair Oaks, in front of station; top of east rail.........................

Crawford Junction, south end of east retaining wall of small culvert 60 feet south of station; point on top......................................

319.518

451.661

546.44

722.782

713.53

598.7

641.2

591.93

CRAWFORD JUNCTION, NORTHEAST ALONG ERIE BRANCH TO PINE BUSH, THENCE TO DWAARKILL (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Circleville, 150 feet south of station, at highway crossing; top of east rail..

Bullville, at highway crossing south of station; top of east rail..........

Bullville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of east face;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 518 ALBANY 1903 ”......................

Thompson Ridge, 60 feet south of station, highway crossing; top of east rail. Pine Bush, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, center of south face;

bronze tablet stamped “ 397 ALBANY 1903 ”........................

Dwaarkill, in foundation wall of the residence owned by Mr. Horne, center of north face; bronze tablet stamped “ 351 ALBANY 1903 ”............

621.8

508.9

517.840

459.4

396.919

351.684

ORANGE AND SULLIVAN COUNTIES.

Goshen, Lackawaxen, Monticello, Port Jervis, and White Lake Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon elevations by the 1903 adjustment of various bench marks on the precise-level line Hancock to Poughkeepsie. The leveling was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. W. O. Tufts, assistant topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmiek, levelman. Standard bench marks are stamped with legend “ 1903 ADJ ” in addition to figures of elevation.

GOSHEN QUADRANGLE.

BURNSIDE, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO CAMPBELL HALL, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO GOSHEN, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO GREYCOURT.

Campbell Hall, in brick foundation of Campbell Hall; bronze tablet stamped

"408 ALBANY 1900 ”...........................................

Kipps station, in foundation wall of residence of J. H. Kipps, south end of

west face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 390 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.......

Goshen, in foundation wall of Episcopal Church, north end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped “439 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”................

Feet.

409.078

389.600

438.794

Chester, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, center of south face;

bronze tablet stamped “ 477 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”....................

Greycourt, in face of north abutment of railroad bridge over highway; bronze tablet stamped “ 447 ALBANY ”.............................

Feet.

476.776

448.282

GREYCOURT, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO WARWICK, THENCE WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO PINE ISLAND.

Lake station, in foundation wall of the residence of J. Halbut, center of

east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 554 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........

Warwick, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, north end of east face;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 538 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”................

Edenville, in stone residence of J. E. Hotaling, east end of south face, 24 inches above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 473 ALBANY 1903

ADJ ”.........................................................

Pine Island, in center of south face of brick railroad station, Pine Island division of the Erie Railroad ; bronze tablet stamped “ 407 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”........................................................

553.710

537.903

473.217

407.003

JOHNSON, NORTHEAST ALONG NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MIDDLETOWN.

505.300

Slate Hill, in foundation wall of the store of Ourling Bros., south end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 505 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........

PORT JERVIS QUADRANGLE.

PINE ISLAND, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO UNIONVILLE, THENCE NORTH ALONG THE NEW YORK, SUSQUEHANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO JOHNSON.

Unionville, in foundation wall of Baptist Church, south end of east face;

bronze tablet stamped “516 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................

Westtown, in foundation wall of storage building of T. G. Clark, south end

of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 480 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”........

Johnson, in foundation wall of the feed store of Simpson & Manning, north end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “451 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......

516.367

480.026

450.994

PORT JERVIS, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO UNIONVILLE.

1,043.210

522.085

Greenville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1043 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”................

OTIS, ALONG HIGHWAY AVEST TO CUDDEBACKVILLE, THENCE NORTH-W'EST TO OAKLAND VALLEY.

Cuddebackville, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 522 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........

MONTICELLO QUADRANGLE.

OAKLAND VALLEY, NORTHWEST TO FORESTBURG.

685.570

Oakland Valley, highway bridge over Neversink River, in ledge of rock 35 feet southeast of southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 686 ALBANY

1903 ADJ ”....................................................

Hartwood, in stone residence of Willis Butler, north end of east face, 30

inches above ground; bronze tablet stamped “ 1275 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ” 1,275.457

WHITE LAKE QUADRANGLE. FORESTBURG, SOUTH TO MONGAUP.

Porestburg, in foundation wall of Catholic Church, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1241 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”

\ib.

1,240.525

an

'•-n rti.

LACKAWAXEN QUADRANGLE.

503.031

Mongaup, top of north abutment of highway bridge over Mongaup Creek; bronze tablet stamped “ 503 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”....................

ST. LAWRENCE COUNTY.

Brierhill, Canton, Gouvernear, Hogansburg, Massena, Ogdensburg, Red Mills, and Waddington Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment of elevations of bench marks established by precise leveling along St. Lawrence River under the direction of the United States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways. For additional elevations on the Hogansburg quadrangle refer to “ Precise leveling.” The leveling was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. C. C. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman. Standard bench marks are stamped with the legend “ ALBANY 1903 ADJ ” in addition to the figures of elevations.

BRIERHILL QUADRANGLE.

OGDENSBURG, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO EDWARDSVILLE, THENCE NORTH TO MORRISTOWN.

Feet.

Ogdensburg, 4.5 miles south of, in water table of residence of Paul Velour, north end, east face; bronze tablet stamped “317 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”. Ogdensburg, 8.93 miles south of, in foundation wall of residence of Alonzo Havens, center of east face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 390 ALBANY

1903 ADJ ”.....................................................

Ogdensburg, 11.67 miles south of, 200 feet north of residence of Luther Bloodough, 150 feet north of highway, 100 feet northwest of highway sluice, in solid rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 302 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”. Edwardsville, in foundation wall of Union Church, east end of south face;

bronze tablet stamped “ 295 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................

Edwardsville, 2.93 miles northwest of; 2.6 miles southeast of Morristown, ini solid rock, 30 feet west of southwest corner of red schoolhouse and 54 feet northeast of intersection at four corners; bronze tablet stamped

“ 300 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.......................................

Morristown, in foundation wall of stone warehouse, 79.5 feet from north side of United States custom-house; J-in.ch bolt (Deep Waterways bench mark)...........................>............................

317.215

389.916

301.488

295.206

300.227

271.288

OGDENSBURG QUADRANGLE.

OGDENSBURG, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO HEUVELTON, THENCE NORTHEAST TO LISBON, THENCE NORTHWEST TO RED MILLS.

Ogdensburg, in west pier at mouth of Oswegatchie River, in United States

light-house; J-inch bolt (Deep Waterways P. B. M. D.)................

Ogdensburg, 3.8 miles south of, 50 feet east of track, 100 feet west of road, 23 feet south of private road, in rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 309 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ..............................................

Heuvelton, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, east end of south

face; bronze tablet stamped “315 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............

Flockville, in foundation wall of Presbyterian parsonage, west end of north

face; bronze tablet stamped “ 364 ALBANY 1903 ADJ................

Lisbon, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”....................

251.022

309.132

315.188

364.086

357.696

HEUVELTON, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY 9 MILES, THENCE EAST 6 MILES TO DE KALB.

De Peyster, in foundation wall of Union Church, south end, east face;

bronze tablet stamped “ 374 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”....................

De Peyster, 3.56 miles south of, 101 feet northwest of corner of Thos. Towander’s residence, 7 feet west of. highway; tablet stamped “ 332

ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.............................................

De Kalb, 0.9 mile northwest of, 600 feet southeast of residence of Horace Streeter, 50 feet north of center of highway; tablet in ledge, stamped “414 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.......................................

374.479

332.411

413.641

DE KALB, NORTH ALONG HAILKOAD TO EENSSELAEE FALLS, THENCE NORTHWEST TO HEUVELTON.

De Kalb, 4.17 miles north of, 300 feet northwest of highway crossing of the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburgh division of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, 150 feet northeast of residence of Van Hunters, 100 feet north of center of track, in solid rock; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 393 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”.......................................

Rensselaer Falls, ^n water table of Methodist Church, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped “328 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”............

Feet.

393.221

327.544

BRIERHILL QUADRANGLE.

AT DE KALB.

De Kalb, in foundation wall of church, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 357 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”................................

357.010

RED MILLS QUADRANGLE.

EED MILLS, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO CHIPMAN.

Red Mills, 6.93 miles east of, in foundation wall of residence of Alvia Martin, west end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “348 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”....................................................

348.175

WADDINGTON QUADRANGLE.

CHIPMAN, SOUTHEAST TO MADRID.

Chipman, in foundation wall of Scotch Presbyterian Church, center of north face; bronze tablet stamped “ 355 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..............

354.953

MADRID, NORTHEAST TO RAYMONDSVILLE.

Madrid, 3.95 miles north of, in foundation wall of residence of N. J. Abernathy, center of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 349 ALBANY 1903

ADJ ”........................................................

Chases Mill (8 miles north of Madrid), in foundation wall of Hotel Creighton, center of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 272 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”........................................................

348.942

271.453

CANTON QUADRANGLE.

AT MADRID.

Madrid, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, center of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 320 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........................

319.557

MASSENA QUADRANGLE.

RICHARDS LANDING, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO MASSENA SPRINGS, THENCE EAST ALONG THE GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY TO HELENA.

Richards Landing, 58.5 feet east of east face of Isaac Richards’s residence, 3 feet north of south fence of river road, 13 feet underground; concrete base, in top of which is set a i-inch roundhead bolt (Deep Waterways

P. B. M. 6).....................................................

Massena, in northwest corner of Clark Block; bronze tablet stamped “ 205

ALBANY 1904 ” ................................................

Massena Springs, 4.33 miles east of, in south end of east abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped “193 ALBANY 1904 ”............

232.381

205.000

192.795

MASSENA SPRINGS, SOUTHWEST ALONG ROAD VIA RAYMONDVILLE, TO NORWOOD, THENCE ALONG RAILROAD NORTHEAST, TO WINTHROP, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAY NORTH-NORTHEAST VIA HELENA, TO HOGANSBURG.

216.063

Massena Springs, 2.75 miles southwest of, in foundation wall of north end of east face of brick house of Chas. Cahby (owned by Allen Ames), on highway leading from Massena Springs southwest to Raymondville; bronze tablet stamped “216 ALBANY 1904 ”........................

Raymondville, in foundation wall of Union Church, 10 feet from north end of west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 251 ALBANY 1904 Norfolk, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, 12 feet south of north

end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 257 ALBANY 1904 ”......

Norwood, in foundation wall of Music Hall, north end of east face, 28 inches above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 330 ALBANY 1903

ADJ ”.........................................................

Knapps, in foundation wall of residence of L. M. Maxfield, west end of south

face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 360 ALBANY 1904 ”................

Knapps, 3.81 miles east of, in top of north end of east abutment of railroad bridge. 420 feet west of highway crossing; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 345 ALBANY 1904 ”............................................

Winthrop, in foundation wall of Universalist Church, south end of east

face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 337 ALBANY 1904 ”................

Winthrop, 2.96 miles north of, in foundation wall of schoolhouse, District No. 3, town of Brasher, south end of east face; aluminum tablet stamped

“291 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”......................................

Brasher Center, in foundation wall of Methodist Church, east end of south face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 266 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”............

Feet.

251.126

256.937

330.017

359.764

344.498

336.960

290.137

265.524

HOGANSBURG QUADRANGLE.

Helena, in north end of west abutment of Grand Trunk Railway bridge over

St. Regis River- bronze tablet stamped “191 ALBANY 1904 ”........

Hogansburg, in foundation wall of St. Patrick’s Church; J-inch bolt Deep Waterways P. B. M. P.)......................................

190.807

177.850

JEFFERSON AND ST. LAWRENCE COUNTIES.

Alexandria Bay, Clayton, Theresa, and Watertown Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are based upon the latest adjustment heights of permanent bench marks established in the course of precise leveling under the United States Board of Ergineers on Deep Waterways, at Clayton, Fishers Landing, Alexandria Bay, and Chippeway village, in the vicinity of Cape Vincent. The leveling was done in 1900 under the general direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Wm, Kelley, level-The standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ CAPE VINCENT ” in addition to figures of elevation which accord with the elevations as published by the board in 1903; the latter are approximately 1 foot higher than the accepted elevations herewith published.

CLAYTON QUADRANGLE.

CLAYTON, SOUTH VIA CLAYTON CENTER AND DEPAUVILLE, TO LIMERICK.

Clayton, southwest corner of Catholic Church, in water table; copper bolt. .

Clayton, James street, in front of Mrs. Linnell’s residence, on back part of top of fire hydrant; copper bolt stamped “CAPE VINCENT 289 ”....

Clayton Center, residence of Merritt Lengenfelter, on west face of building at south corner in stone foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ CAPE

VINCENT 423 ”................................................

Depauville, at crossroads in east corner of stone foundation wall under residence of Ira Gillett; aluminum tablet stamped “ 299 CAPE VINCENT ”.......................................................

Perch River, stone schoolhouse, in northeast corner of water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 338 CAPE VINCENT”.............................

LIMERICK, NORTHWEST VIA CHAUMONT, TO THREE MILS 15AY.

Cbaumont, Main street, in north face of buttress at northwest corner of Hiram Copley’s stone office building; aluminum tablet stamped “ 295 CAPE VINCENT ”...................'..........................

man.

Feet.

278.815

287.631

422.071

297.525

336.950

293.425

Feet.

Threemila Bay, Baptist Church, in southeast corner of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 266 CAPE VINCENT”...................

264.S44

THREE MILE BAY, NORTH VIA ST. LAWRENCE, TO CLAYTON.

356.269

256.248

325.49

324.395

St. Lawrence, 225 feet north of crossroads, on east side of road, on large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 357 CAPE VINCENT”..............

CLAYTON, SOUTHEAST TO LAFARGEVILLE.

Clayton, north side of Water street, in limestone water table on west side 1.85 feet northerly from the southwest corner of the Barker brick building; aluminum tablet stamped “ 257 CAPE VINCENT”...............

Clayton, 1.9 miles from, north end of west abutment of iron bridge on New York Central Railroad, northeast corner of top step; chisel mark..

LIMERICK, SOUTH TO DEXTER.

Dexter, brick schoolhouse, 2 feet easterly from northwest corner of main building, in limestone water table on north side; aluminum tablet stamped “ 326 CAPE VINCENT”..................................

THERESA QUADRANGLE.

LIMERICK, EAST VIA BROWNVILLE, TO FELTS MILLS.

Brownville, in front of station; top of rail............................

Brownville, brick schoolhouse at five corners, midway of front building and 3.2 feet above surface of ground, in limestone foundation wall; bronze

tablet stamped “ 355 CAPE VINCENT”............................

Sanford, in front of station; top of rail................................

Felts Mills, bridge over North Branch of Black River, on east end of south abutment (Island abutment) ; bronze tablet stamped “ 583 CAPE VINCENT ”......................................................

324.8

354.243

470.3

582.456

FELTS MILLS NORTH TO EVANS MILLS (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Evans Mills, at southeast corner of crossroads, in north face of limestone building of Wesley Rulison (post-office building), 2.3 feet east of northwest corner; bronze tablet stamped “431 CAPE VINCENT ” a.........

430.88

LAFARGEVILLE, EAST TO THERESA.

Lafargeville, Orleans Hotel (stone building), in southeast corner; aluminum

tablet stamped “381 CAPE VINCENT”............................

Theresa, stone high school on Main street, in water table in north face and near northwest corner of belfry tower; aluminum tablet stamped "376 CAPE VINCENT ” ,..............................................

380.461

375.915

PERCH RIVER, NORTHEAST TO STONE MILL POST-OFFICE (SINGLESPUR LINE).

Stone Mill post-office, north side of limestone store and dwelling of John Irwin, about 2.6 feet west of northeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 359 CAPE VINCENT”..........................................

358.293

ALEXANDRIA BAY QUADRANGLE.

THERESA, NORTH TO REDWOOD, THENCE WEST TO ALEXANDRIA BAY.

Redwood, the Dollinger House (hotel), east side and northeast corner of

foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 365 CAPE VINCENT......

Alexandria Bay, Reformed Church, 29.9 feet north-northeast from the northwest corner, in ledge in church lot; aluminum tablet stamped “ 283 CAPE VINCENT ”.............................................

364.786

282.267

a The elevation of this by line south from Theresa, discarded, is 1 foot lower, therefore above elevation may be 1 foot too great.

EEDWOOD, NOETH VIA SOUTH HAMMOND TO CHIPPEWA VILLAGE.

Chippewa Village, stone schoolhouse, District No. 11, 1 foot easterly from the northeast corner, set in bed rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 289 CAPE

287.768

290.698

478.087

VINCENT”....................................................

Chippewa Village, stone schoolhouse, District No. 11, north face of northeast corner; centerpunch mark of a brass bolt (permanent bench mark C. V. of the Deep Waterways Commission)..........................

WATERTOWN QUADRANGLE.

BEOWNVILLE, SOUTHEAST TO WATEETOWN (SINGLE-SPUE LINE).

Watertown, Arsenal street. State armory, front face, west end; aluminum tablet stamped “479 CAPE VINCENT”............................

JEFFERSON, LEWIS, OSWEGO, AND ONEIDA COUNTIES.

Boonville, Carthage, Highmarket, Kasoag, Mexico, Orwell, Port Leyden, Pulaski, and Taberg Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the Gristmill bench mark, the elevation of which is accepted as 13.863 feet above mean sea level. The initial points upon which this group of levels depends are bench marks alone the precise-level line Itemsen to Limerick herein reported, to which refer for additional elevations on Boonville, Port Leyden, and Carthage quadrangles, and a Deep Waterways bench mark at Rome recovered by the Army Engineers’ precise-level line of 1902.

The leveling on Port Leyden quadrangle was done partly in 1902 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman, but mostly in 1905 under the direction of Mr. J. I. Gayetty, assistant topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, levelman; the work on the remainder of these quadrangles was done under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings as follows: On the Boonville quadrangle, in 1901, by Mr. A. S. Havens, levelman; on the Carthage, Highmarket, Orwell, Pulaski, and Taberg quadrangles, in 1902, by Air. J. B. Maguire, levelman; on the Alexico and the part of the Kasoag quadrangle lying in Oswego County, in 1903, by Alessrs. G. M. Dimmick and Geo. Seidel, levelmen; and the leveling in Oneida County | on the Kasoag quadrangle, in 1904, by Mr. L. E. Tucker. The standard bench marks are stamped mostly with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation, and in some eases the year. Those set in 1905 on Port Leyden quadrangle were stamped “ ADJ 1903.”

This is a bench mark

LAFAEGEVILLE, NOETH VlA OMAE TO FISHEES LANDING.

Omar, 420 feet northerly from intersection of Fishers Landing and Collins Landing roads, in bed rock on sandstone ledge, west side of the Collins Landing road, and on line with northerly side of the Omar schoolhouse, and distant 51.62 feet from northwest corner of schoolhouse; bronze

tablet stamped “ 297 CAPE VINCENT”............................

Fishers Landing, crossroads near, 72.6 feet from the south corner of Mrs. Tom’s residence and 131 feet northwest of the west corner of a house on the opposite side of the road; top of a round-headed 1-inch brass bolt a cemented into bed rock 6 inches below surface of ground..........

Feet.

295.745

274.351

a The letters “ U. S. P. B. M. 29 ” are cut in the bed rock, set by the Deep Waterways Commission.

PORT LEYDEN QUADRANGLE.

GLENFIELD, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO HOUSEVILLE, THENCE SOUTH VIA TURIN TO CONSTABLEVILLE, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO BOONVILLE.

Houseville, 180 feet south of crossroads, in northeast corner of south abutment of highway bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1304

ALBANY ”......................................................

Turin, at northwest corner of west side of building owned by J. E. Jones, 50 feet southeast from crossroads; bronze tablet stamped “ 1264 ADJ

1903 ” .........................................................

Turin, 2.9 miles south of, 250 feet east of house of S. S. Freeman, 150 feet south of house of C. D. Davis, at east side of three roads intersection, 4 feet east of fence, in large rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1277

ADJ 1903 ” ......................................................

Constableville, in southeast corner in water table of Catholic Church;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1260 ADJ 1903 ”............................

Constableville, 3.4 miles southeast of, 175 feet west of road, 0.2 mile northwest of three corners and 1.20 miles southeast of four corners, in foundation wall, east face, north corner of barn owned by Carpenter; bronze tablet stamped “ 1191 ADJ 1903 ”............................

Feet.

1,304.024

1,264.144

1,276.537

1,259.926

1,190.281

PORT LEYDEN, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO FOWLERVILLE, THENCE NORTHWEST TO BRANTINGHAM, THENCE WEST TO GLENFIELD.

Port Leyden, 3.1 miles northeast of, 30 feet north of center of road, 16 feet 8 inches southeast of pine tree, 17 feet 8 inches southwest of pine

tree; iron post stamped “ 1207 ADJ 1903 ”..........................

Fowlerville, 50 feet north of northeast abutment of highway bridge over Moose River, 20 feet- east of    center of highway,    in    ledge of    rock;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1182 ADJ 1903 ”..........................

Fowlerville, 3.6 miles northwest    of, at Gridles Corners,    23 feet east of

road to north, 26 feet north of    east and west road,    32    feet from    center

of crossroads; iron post stamped “ 1226 ADJ 1903 ”..................

Brantingham, in center of south face of foundation wall of T. Hess’s barn, 250 feet west of four corners; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1259

ADJ 1903 ” .....................................................

Greig, 0.2 mile south of three corners, 150 feet west of house of L. D. Hires, 20 feet north from center of road, in flat rock; bronze tablet

stamped “ 826 ADJ 1903 ”.........................................

Glenfield, in foundation wall of    New York Central    and Hudson    River

depot; bronze tablet stamped “ 776 ALBANY 1900 ”..................

1,206.965

1,181.594

1,225.959

1,259.296

825.925

777.639

BOONVILLE QUADRANGLE.

BOONVILLE, ALONG PUBLIC ROAD AND BLACK RIVER CANAL, VIA WEST LEYDEN, STOKES AND FRENCHVILLE, TO REMSEN.

West Leyden, steel bridge over Mohawk River, east abutment, top of north

end; bronze tablet stamped “ 1493 ALBANY 1901”..................

West Branch, steel bridge over West Branch of Mohawk River, south abutment, top of east end; bronze tablet stamped “ 1002 ALBANY 1901”... 1,001.800 Stokes, south entrance to hotel on northeast corner of crossroads, west

end of lower step; chisel mark.....................................

Delta, steel bridge over Mohawk River, north of State dam, top of north end of east abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 516 ALBANY 1901 ”... . Westerville, Canal Lock No. 16, southwest hollow quoin between anchors;

copper bolt .....................................................

Frenchville, Canal Lock No. 17, top of north end of west wall; copper

bolt............................................................

Frenchville, steel bridge over creek, top of west end of south abutment;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 593 ALBANY 1901 ”.....................

Steuben, church on northwest angle of crossroads, near southeast corner of south foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 932 ALBANY 1901” .........................................................

1,493.500

634.68

516.160

587.622

595.473

593.300

CARTHAGE QUADRANGLE. i

LOWVILLE, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO GARDNERS CORNERS, THENCE NORTH VIA COPENHAGEN TO CHAMPION, THENCE EAST TO CARTHAGE.

Gardners Corners, about 5.2 miles east of, northwest corner of foundation of School No. 14, in Martins Township; bronze tablet stamped “ 1700

ALBANY” ..................................................

Gardners Corners, northwest corner of post-office and general store; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1697 ALBANY”..................................

Copenhagen, highway bridge over Deer River in north wing of west abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “1174 ALBANY”..................

Champion, 400 feet south of crossroads, west wall of culvert; bronze tablet stamped “ 1011 ALBANY ”............................'............

Feet.

1,700.643

1,697.560

1,174.462

1,010.791

HIGHMARKET QUADRANGLE.

HOUSEVILLE, SOUTHEAST ALONG TRAIL AND HIGHWAY, TO CLEMENS CORNERS

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Wetmore, 1 mile southeast of, Page & Fairchild Company lumber camp No. 6, at upper end of tramway, in the north foundation wall of camp;

bronze tablet stamped “ 2003 ALBANY”............................

Michigan Mills (4 miles south of Page), at entrance to trail in woods, 250 feet north by 150 feet west of mill, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1778 ALBANY ” ...............................................

North Osceola (Clemens Corners), School No. 4, Osceola Township, in northeast corner of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1591 ALBANY ”    .....................................................

2,002.641

1,777.526

1,590.955

CLEMENS CORNERS, SOUTH TO OSCEOLA.

Osceola, southwest corner of foundation of general store and post-office; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1033 ALBANY”.........................

1,032.970

HOOKER, NORTH TO GARDNERS CORNERS.

Hooker, 2 miles northeast of southeast corner of Jesse Marcellus farm, 10 feet west of fence and 325 feet north of creek at the Culpepper road, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 1758 ALBANY”.................

1,756.827

TABERG QUADRANGLE.

CAMDEN, SOUTHEAST ALONG RAILROAD, TO ROME.

Camden, southwest corner of water table of town hall; aluminum tablet

stamped “ 520 ALBANY”.........................................

Blossvale, I. J. White’s store, opposite station, in southeast corner of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “ 420 ALBANY”.....................

519.966

420.230

ELOSSVALE, NORTHEAST ALONG ROAD TO WEST LEYDEN. Point Rock, in northwest corner of foundation of post-office and general

store; bronze tablet stamped “1017 ALBANY”......................

Point Rock, about 4 miles north of, West Leyden road, in northwest wall of Jacob Kirk’s house, facing road; bronze tablet stamped “ 1493 ALBANY ”    .....................................................

1,016.596

1,492.340

ORWELL QUADRANGLE.

GREENBORO, EAST ALONG ROAD TO HOOKER.

Oswego-Lewis County line, 0.25 mile north of, in large bowlder on northwest side of road; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1696 ALBANY”......

1,695.582

GREENBORO, WEST ALONG ROAD TO SMARTVILLE, THENCE SOUTH TO ALTMAR.

Greenboro, on State road at post-office, in face of east wall of culvert; bronze tablet stamped “ 1269 ALBANY”...........................

Feet.

Orwell, northwest corner of crossroads, northeast corner of foundation of public fountains; bronze tablet stamped “810 ALBANY”..........

809.587

CLEMENS CORNERS, WEST TO REDFIELD, THENCE NOETH TO GEEENBOEO.

951.005

Redfield, in north foundation of Methodist Church; aluminum tablet stamped “ 952 ALBANY ” ................................................

GEEENBOEO, NOETH VIA HIGHWAY TO SCHOOL NO. 7, LOEEAINE TOWNSHIP (SINGLE-SPUE LINE).

1,261.160

East Boylston, 1.1 miles north of, School No. 7, Lorraine Township, Jefferson County, west side of Greenboro-Lorraine road, in large bowlder; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1262 ALBANY”.........................

758.729

FROM 3 MILES NOETHEAST OF ALT MAE, SOUTHEAST TO EICAED. Ricard, 0.5 mile north of post-office, 0.1 mile south of Orwell-Williamston Township line, in front face of foundation of Armstrong’s house on west side of road; bronze tablet stamped “ 759 ALBANY”................

PULASKI QUADRANGLE.

576.806

Altmar (Sand Bank), southeast corner of foundation of Union Free School; aluminum tablet stamped “ 577 ALBANY”..........................

KASOAG QUADRANGLE.

ALTMAE, SOUTH ALONG THE EOME, WATEETOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD, TO EOME.

Kasoag, 500 feet east of Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, northwest corner of foundation of post-office; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 638 ALBANY ” ................................................

Williamstown, in west foundation wall of freight depot; bronze tablet

stamped “ 603 ALBANY”.........................................

West Camden, 150 feet east of railroad, in northwest corner of foundation of Foster’s genera) store; bronze tablet stamped “ 542 ALBANY”......

637.817

602.550

541.784

CAMDEN, NOETH ALONG EOAD, TO OSCEOLA.

Florence, at intersection of State road and road to Osceola, southwest corner of the foundation of O’Mara’s general store; bronze tablet stamped “ 974 ALBANY ” ................................................

973.826

WEST AMBOY, ALONG HIGHWAY VIA AMBOY, TO WILLIAMSBURG.

West Amboy, in foundation wall of Union Church, east end of north face;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 588 ALBANY 1903 ”.....................

Amboy, in foundation wall of Union Church, west end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 654 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

587.989

654.158

CLEVELAND, NOETHEAST TO CAMDEN.

Elpis, in north wall of foundation of Methodist Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 571 ”..................................................

571.236

MEXICO QUADRANGLE.

VERMILION, EAST ALONG HIGHWAYS VIA MEXICO, UNION SQUARE, AND SOUTH ALBION, TO KASOAG.

Mexico, in foundation wall of pillar post of school building; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 384 ALBANY 1903 ”. . . ...........................

Union Square, in foundation wall of residence of E. C. Parsons, center of

northx face; bronze tablet stamped “ 467 ALBANY 1903 ”............

South Albion, in foundation of cheese factory, south end of east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 645 ALBANY 1905 ”........................

384.059

467.454

645.002

UNION S QUAKE, SOUTH ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD, TO PARISH, THENCE EAST ALONG HIGHWAYS TO WEST AMBOY.

Feet.

475.95

486.355

Parish; top of southeast corner of foundation wall of station............

PARISH, SOUTH ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD, TO CENTRAL SQUARE, THENCE EAST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO CON STANTIA.

Hastings, 1.2 miles west of station, in foundation wall of Presbyterian Church, south end of west face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 486 ALBANY” (bench mark on single-spur line).........................

MADISON, ONONDAGA, AND OSWEGO COUNTIES.

Cazenovia, Chittenango, Morrisville, Syracuse, and Tully Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Nineteenth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director of the United States Geological Survey, with a few additional elevations.

The leveling was done as follows: On Tully and most of Syracuse and Chittenango quadrangles, in 1897, under Mr. C. (0. Bassett, topographer, by Mr. Clark Brown, levelman; the remainder on north edge of Syracuse and Chittenango quadrangles was done in 1902 under Mr. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levelman; the leveling on Cazenovia quadrangle was done in 1897 under Mr. A. M. Walker, topographer, by Mr. Brown; that on Morrisville quadrangle was done partly in 1898 under Mr. Jennings, by Mr. Brown, partly in 1899 under Mr. Walker by Messrs. W. W. Gilbert and A. W. Gill, levelmen, and completed in 1904 under Mr. Jennings by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman; and that on Oneida quadrangle was done under Mr. Walker by Messrs. Gilbert and Gill. The standard bench marks set prior to 1898 were stamped “ S,” referring to Syracuse, with figures of elevation I foot too low, while those set later were referred to Albany and stamped “ ALBANY,” in addition to the figures of elevation.

SYRACUSE QUADRANGLE..

SYRACUSE, SOUTH TO EAST ONONDAGA.

Syracuse, at Weigh lock, canal collector’s office, at right of west entrance

door, in water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 404 S”.................

Syracuse, Geddes Street Bridge No. 90, pier at foot of west towpath stairs, at southwest corner of stairway landing; copper plug (State engineer’s

bench mark No. 305)............................................

Syracuse, station of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad; top

of rail .........................................................

Syracuse, West Colvin street bridge over Onondaga Creek, north end of

west abutment, northwest corner of top stone; chiseled square..........

Syracuse, northeast corner of South Salina street and Matson avenue, on

stone monument; chiseled cross....................................

East Onondaga, northwest wing of bridge over Onondaga Creek, in coping; copper bolt stamped “ S 422 ”.....................................

Feet.

404.320

406.230

389.3

405.54

418.31

422.129

ORAN, NORTHWEST TO LIMESTONE AQUEDUCT.

507.550

Manlius, 1.5 miles northwest of, at High Bridge (double-arch), over Limestone Creek, in coping 5 feet from end of southwest wing; copper bolt stamped “S 507 ”................................................

CAZENOVIA QUADRANGLE.

APULIA, EAST TO FABIUS.

Fabius, 100 feet west of crossroads, Main and Cemetery streets, in wall

under west window of flat-roofed frame house; tablet stamped “1284 S”. . 1,284.670

FABIUS, NORTHEAST TO DELPHI, THENCE NORTH TO ORAN.

Oran, 1.5 miles southeast of, 1.5 miles southeast of railroad crossing of Cherry Valley turnpike, 500 feet northwest of rock cut, on north coping

1,092.08

793.678

Feet.

Erie Canal, Limestone Creek Aqueduct, southwest coping parapet on west wing, towpath side; copper bolt (State engineer’s bench mark No. 286) .......................................................

434.207

AT CONSTANTIA.

Constantia, road crossing at station; top of rail.......................

Constantia, northwest corner of foundation of Presbyterian Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 389 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

394

389.508

TULLY QUADRANGLE.

BAST ONONDAGA, SOUTH UP ONONDAGA VALLEY TO TULLY.

Onondaga Castle, 30 feet north of hotel, 30 feet east of road, on well curb;

chiseled square..................................................

Onondaga Indian Village, 0.25 mile south of road leading to South Onondaga, 900 feet south of cemetery and 40 feet south of small brook, in bowlder 3 feet from west road fence; copper holt stamped “ S 469 ”. .. . Solvay water tank, west side of road, opposite tank; chiseled square on

north side of rim of valve casing..................................

Cardiff, 0.12 mile east of road, back of hotel, 75 feet south of brook, bowlder 6 feet broad and 2 feet high; copper bolt stamped “ S 676 ”. . . Tully Center, 1.5 miles north of, 700 feet north of road west to Vesper, 500 feet south of curve in road, on bowlder in southwest corner of

barnyard, west side of road; copper bolt stamped “S 819”............

Tully, 200 feet north of Hotel Slayton, in water table of brick house on west side of road, at southeast corner of front of house; bronze tablet stamped “ 1251 S ”...............................................

519.83

468.705

567.57

676.192

819.617

1,251.670

TULLY, NORTH TO JAMESVILLB, THENCE WEST TO EAST ONONDAGA.

Apulia station, 1 mile north of, on road to Syracuse, 500 feet north of white house on west side of road, 125 feet north of road summit; copper bolt

in bowlder, stamped “ 1292 S ”. . ..................................

Onativia (0.8 mile east of Lafayette), engine water column at railway

station; top of anchor bolt in northwest corner of base plate..........

Jamesville, 0.75 mile south of, at east end of reservoir dam, in coping; cross mark on bronze tablet stamped “ S 645 ”.......................

1,292.510

992.25

645.493

of cattle pass; chiseled square....................................

Oran, 300 feet west of church, 20 feet north of road, copper bolt in prominent bowlder; stamped “S 793 ”..............................

FABIUS, SOUTH VIA KEENEY, TO CUYLER.

Fabius, 1.75 miles south of, east end of south abutment of iron bridge;

chiseled square ..................................................

Keeney, 500 feet east of schoolhouse, northeast wing of iron bridge, top

stone; chiseled square............................................

Cuyler, 1 mile northeast of, near end of northeast wing of iron bridge over Tioughnioga River; chiseled square.................................

1,229.79

1,209.31

1,206.31

CUYLER, NORTH VIA DERUYTER, TO DERUYTER RESERVOIR.

Deruyter, foundation of water tank, in coping, side next to track; iron

1,284.70

bolt ...........................................................

Deruyter reservoir dam, west end of, south parapet of spillway arch, east end, face corner of coping; copper bolt stamped “ 1286 S”............

DERUYTER, NOETHEAST TO SHEDS COENEES, THENCE EAST TO NEAE GEORGETOWN, THENCE NOETH TO ERIEVILLE.

Deruyter, 2.5 miles north of by 0.5 mile east of, railroad bench mark No. 92, reservoir road, opposite old sawmill, south parapet of railroad

culvert; iron bolt set in lead......................................

Sheds Corners station, 600 feet south of, Tioughnioga River railroad bridge, north abutment, west end parapet; iron bolt set in cement (railroad

bench mark No. 94).............................................

Sheds Corners station, 600 feet south of, railroad bridge over Tioughnioga River, bridge seat, west end of south abutment; copper bolt stamped

“ 1383 S” .....................................................

Georgetown, 1.5 miles west of, on road to Sheds Corners, 75 feet north of road to Erieville, 20 feet north of brook, 15 feet west of road, 4 feet east

of road fence; iron post stamped “S 1538 ”.........................

Erieville, railroad bridge over road south of, on top stone, south end west abutment; chiseled square...................................

Feet.

1,319.110

1,386.053

1,384.360

1,538.754

1,619.10

EEIEVILLE, NOETH VIA NELSON TO EENNEE, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO CAZENOVIA, THENCE NOETHWEST TO OEAN.

Erieville, reservoir gatehouse, 6 feet west of door, in projection of bottom

course ; copper bolt stamped “ 1473 S ”.............................

Nelson, 500 feet south of crossroads, on face corner of bottom stone, east

end of north abutment of bridge; chiseled square....................

Fenner, 1 mile south of, 1,000 feet north of Peterboro turnpike, 150 feet south of orchard, 75 feet west of road, in outcrop ; copper bolt stamped

“ 1466 S ” ......................................................

Cazenovia, 942 feet south of Lehigh Valley Railroad station; iron pin

in northwest corner of north abutment (railroad bench mark No. 103).. 1,187.713 Cazenovia, south entrance of chapel building of seminary, water table under

pilaster at east side of door; bronze tablet stamped “S 1246 ”........

Cazenovia, West Shore Railroad pumping station, foundation of water tank,

north pedestal next to track; chiseled square........................

Cazenovia, 2 miles northwest of West Shore Railroad station; highest point of stone monument over tunnel, 40 feet north of road................

1,474.117

1,432.24

1,467.544

1,247,392

1,196.99

1,265.14

CH1TTENANGO QUADRANGLE.

CANASTOTA, SOUTH VIA PEEEYSVILLE TO FENNEE.

Canastota, Peterboro Street Bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of towpath

abutment;; fourth step (old canal bench mark No. 52)...............

Canastota, 0.5 mile south of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; iron bolt in culvert coping (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark

No. 118) .......................................................

Clockville, 400 feet south of, 15 feet east of track; water-pipe valve case

south edge of bell (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 116).....

Cotton, 0.4 mile southwest of station, culvert for farm crossing on north side of track; iron bolt in coping (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark

No. 114) .......................................................

Perryville, crossroads, new schoolhouse on site of old church, corner to right of front entrance, in stone foundation; tablet stamped “ 1103 ALBANY ”    .....................................................

433,89

457.406

645.79

758.016

1,103.431

CONSTANTIA, EAST TO CLEVELAND.

Cleveland, opposite station, west end of concrete wall; bronze tablet stamped “416 ALBANY 1903 ”.....................................

416.504

MORRISVILLE QUADRANGLE.

FENNER, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO PETERBORO, THENCE SOUTH VIA MORRISVILLE TO GEOEGETOWN, THENCE NOETHWEST TO EEIEVILLE.

Peterboro, side of schoolhouse, 15 feet from rear corner, in stone foundation; tablet stamped “ 1320 ALBANY”.............................

1,321.183

Feet.

Morrisville, front of county jail, 7 feet from west corner, in stone foundation ; tablet stamped “ 1325 ALBANY”.............................

Morrisville station, north line of; top of rail...........................

West Eaton, front of schoolhouse, right of entrance, 1 foot from corner, in stone foundation; tablet stamped “ 1395 ALBANY ”................

1,326.259

1,225.84

1,395.675

GEORGETOWN STATION, EAST TO EARLVILLE.

Georgetown station, 1.75 miles southeast of, 10-foot .span bridge over stream,

1,493.92

1,345.997

north end of east abutment, 2.5 feet below top; iron bolt..............

Lebanon, 50 feet north of station, east of street, in foundation wall near southwest corner store; tablet stamped “ 1346 ALBANY”.............

EARLVILLE, NORTH TO BOUCKVILLE, THENCE WEST TO MORRISVILLE.

Hamilton, Hamilton Bank building, in water table, 2 feet west of northeast

corner; aluminum tablet stamped “1126 ALBANY”.................

Hamilton, 1 mile north of; top of northwest corner of east abutment of

railroad bridge over old canal......................................

Bouckville, north side of stone building occupied by Coe & Brockett’s store, 2 feet above ground, 1 foot west of northeast corner; aluminum tablet stamped “1149 ALBANY”........................................

1,126.038

1,126.91

1,149.634

EARLVILLE, NORTHEAST TO POOLJJILLE.

Poolville, in foundation wall of milk station, east end of south face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1098 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”.........................

1,098.566

MORRISVILLE, NORTH TO DURHAMVILLE.

Munnsville, Dexter & Davis’s building used as store and post-office, in south side of stone foundation, 15 feet east of southwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ 679 ALBANY”...................................

679.661

BROOME, CHENANGO, CORTLAND, AND MADISON COUNTIES.

Apalachin, Binghamton, Cortland, Coventry, Greene, Harford, Nineveh, Norwich, Pitcher, and Sidney Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment. The leveling was done under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, as follows: On Sidney and Norwich and on part of Oxford quadrangles, in 1900, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and the remainder of all in 1900 by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman, except lines to Smithfield Flat on Greene quadrangle in 1902, by Mr. C. W. Marvin, and the work on Nineveh quadrangle, which was done in 1902 by Mr. J. B. Maguire, levehnan. The standard bench marks are stamped “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

APALACHIN QUADRANGLE.

FLEMINGSVILLE, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO SPEEDVILLE.

Weltonville, highway bridge, southwest corner of south abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 930 A”...........................................

Feet.

931.136

OWEGO, VIA THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO NEWARK VALLEY.

Flemingville, waiting room at station; top of doorsill....................

Newark Valley, 900 feet south of station, at northwest corner of iron Bridge

No. 299 A, on abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 961 A”..............

Newark Valley, waiting room at station; doorsill.......................

907.23

961.634

967.03

UNION, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO MAINE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

BINGHAMTON QUADRANGLE.

KIRKWOOD, WEST TO HAWLEYTON (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

1,277.314

1,388.018

886.7

897.457

Feet.

Union Center, Andrew & Pitcairn’s store, northwest side of; mark on water

table ...........................................................

Maine, northwest corner of Methodist Episcopal Church; aluminum tablet stamped “915 ALBANY”.........................................

879.82

916.700

UNION, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO VESTAL CENTEE (SINGLE-SPUE LINE).

Union, southwest corner of Union Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze

tablet stamped “ 830 ALBANY”...................................

Vestal, at Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad station, road

crossing; top of rail..............................................

Vestal Center, 975 feet east of, in northeast corner of abutment of iron highway bridge over Big Chocount Creek; bronze tablet stamped “ 985 ALBANY” .....................................................

830.751

828.7

985.274

Hawleyton, northeast corner of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 1277 ALBANY”........................................

BINGHAMTON TO WEST CHENANGO (SINGLE-SPUE LINE).

West Chenango, Abbot Methodist Episcopal Church, in southeast corner of wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1387 ALBANY”....................

BINGHAMTON, NORTH ALONG DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO CHENANGO FORKS.

Chenango Bridge, in front of station; top of rail, south-bound track......

Chenango Forks, 0.1 mile north of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western station, iron highway bridge across Tioughnioga River, in southwest abutment, northwest wing, end stone of top course; bronze tablet a stamped “- ALBANY ”.........................................

NINEVEH QUADRANGLE.

HARPERSVILLE, SOUTH ALONG THE DELAWARE AND HUDSON RAILROAD, TO LANESBORO, PA.

Harpersville, 1,250 feet west of, southwest corner of coping stone of abutment of iron trestle bridge No. 97; bronze tablet stamped “ 1051

ALBANY”    .....................................................

Centerville, in front of station; top of rail............................

East Windsor, in front of station; top of rail..........................

Windsor, in south wall at southeast of foundation of Presbyterian Church;

bronze tablet stamped “ 972 ALBANY ”.............................

Stateline, 1 mile north of post-office, east side of river road, east side of river, at School No. 14, Windsor Township, in northwest corner of foundation of W. W. Watrous’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 960 ALBANY”    .....................................................

1,049.041

966.5

988.2

972.917

961.147

GREENE QUADRANGLE.

CHENANGO FORKS, NORTHEAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO GREENE.

901.0

916.1

923.910

917.25

Willard, in front of station; top of rail...............................

Greene, Main street crossing; top of rail..............................

Greene, town hall, in foundation stone under middle column; bronze tablet

stamped “ 923 ALBANY”.........................................

Greene, waiting room at station; doorsill..............................

a Set by party under State engineer, as substitute for former one in vicinity which was removed.

NORWICH QUADRANGLE.

NORWICH, NORTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO EARLVILLE.

Norwich, at Main street crossing of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western

1,006.7

Railroad; top of rail............................................

Norwich, southeast corner of county court-house, on Broad street, in

foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “1015 ALBANY 1900 ”..... 1,015.216

1,023.181

CHENANGO FORKS, NORTHWEST ALONG DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO LISLE.

Barker, road crossing near station; top of rail........................

Barker, northwest corner of abutment of highway bridge; bronze tablet

stamped “ 934 ALBANY ”.........................................

Whitney Point, waiting room at station; doorsill.......................

Whitney Point, at road crossing north of station; top of rail............

EAST PHARSALIA, SOUTHWEST TO SMITHVILLE FLATS (SINGLESPUR LINE).

McDonough, east foundation wall of Emanuel Baptist Church, 3 feet from

southeast corner; aluminum tablet stamped “1418 ALBANY”........

Smithville Flats, in stone foundation of Presbyterian Church, 1 foot west

of southeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 1033 ALBANY 1903”.... 1,033.997

Feet.

937.6

934.192

956.26

955.9

1,418.666

LISLE, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO CINCINNATUS.

Willett, southeast corner of foundation wall of Hotel Ingall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1039 ALBANY”............................•............

1,039.527

SIDNEY QUADRANGLE.

SIDNEY, NORTHWEST ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO GUILFORD.

New Berlin Junction, north side of station at railroad crossing; top of

east rail .......................................................

Parker, at road crossing near station; top of rail......................

Guilford, at road crossing by station; top of rail.......................

Guilford, northwest corner of Episcopal Church, front face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1511 ALBANY ”..................................

1,084.4

1,423.0

1,520.6

1,511.722

COVENTRY QUADRANGLE.

GUILFORD, ALONG THE NEW YORK, ONTARIO AND WESTERN RAILWAY, TO NORWICH.

Summit, in front of station; top or rail.......

Oxford, at road crossing near station; top of rail

1,623.0

1,399.1

AFTON, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY, TO COVENTRYVILLE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Coventryville, Wm. Lyman’s store, 8 feet from northeast corner, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1435 ALBAN If ”................

GREENE, NORTHEAST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO OXFORD.

Brishin, 500 feet west of station, in north end of east abutment of highway bridge over Chenango River; bronze tablet stamped “ 927 ALBANY”...

Coventry, waiting room at station; doorsill............................

Oxford, Water street crossing; top of rail.............................

Oxford, waiting room at station; doorsill..............................

Oxford, southeast corner of Citizens’ Opera House, in foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 982 ALBANY”..........................

1,435.291

927.277

959.00

969.5

971.93

982.402

Galena, North Norwich, at railroad crossing near station; top of rail.... 1,030.8 Galena (North Norwich post-office), culvert of the New York, Ontario and Western Railway, east side of top of north abutment; bronze tablet

Feet.

Earlville, in brickwork of schoolhouse, 1 foot to right of front door; tablet stamped “1100 ALBANY”........................................

1,100.295

NORWICH, NORTHWEST VIA PLYMOUTH AND OTSELIC, TO GEORGETOWN STATION.

Beaver Meadow, in north face of Methodist Church ; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1484 ALBANY 1900 ” ..........................................

Otselic, 500 feet east of hotel, west side of iron highway bridge, on top

of south abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “1331 ALBANY 1900 ”.. 1,331.035

1,483.869

SOUTH PLYMOUTH, ALONG HIGHWAYS WEST TO NORTH PHARSALIA, THENCE SOUTH TO EAST PHARSALIA (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

East Pharsalia, southeast corner of wall to chapel, 1,000 feet south of hotel; bronze tablet stamped “ 1557 ALBANY 1900 ”.................

1,557.240

PITCHER QUADRANGLE.

SOLON, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE AND CENTRAL NEW YORK RAILROAD, TO WILLETT.

East Freetown, at road crossing; top of rail..........................

Reubens (milk station) ; top of rail. ..'..............................

Whites Mills, in front of station; top of rail.........................

Dutch Hill, road crossing; top of rail..............................

1.323.6 1,227.3

1.169.6 1,131.49

CINCINNATUS, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY, TO OTSELIC.

Cincinnatus, in northeast corner of brick building of J. W. Osgood, opposite

hotel; bronze tablet stamped “ 1045 ALBANY ”......................

North Pitcher, west side of highway, in foundation wall of post-office; bronze tablet stamped “1166 ALBANY”............................

1,044.756

1,166.612

PITCHER, NORTH TO LINCKLAEN (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Lincklaen, at west corner of First Congregational Church, in front wall; bronze tablet stamped “1192 ALBANY”............................

1,192.683

TRUXTON, NORTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO CUYLER.

Cuyler, 0.25 mile east of, 500 feet east of north and south road, 4 feet

south of track, in bowlder; copper bolt stamped “ 1256 S”............

Cuyler, at road crossing near station; top of rail....... ...............

1,257.305

1,127.1

HARFORD QUADRANGLE.

LISLE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MESSENGERVILLE.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Lisle, 100 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail............

Lisle, southeast corner of schoolhouse No. 1; bronze tablet stamped “ 975

ALBANY”....................................................

Killawog, waiting room at station; doorsill............................

Marathon, Main street crossing; top of rail...........................

Marathon, waiting room at station; top of rail..........................

Marathon, 1.5 feet from northwest corner of Peck Memorial Library, in

water table; bronze tablet stamped “1019 ALBANY”................

Messengerville, at road crossing near milk station ; top of rail............

Messengerville, road crossing near station; top of rail............,.....

972.4

975.166

1,001.03

1,041.3

1,043.0

1,019.821

1,055.7

1,055.6

MAINE, NORTH TO NANTICOKE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE,).

Nanticoke, at north corner of house of Mrs. Mary Councilman, at foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “1100 ALBANY”..............

1,101.044

NEWARK VALLEY, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO POINT 4 MILES SOUTH OF DRYDEN.

Feet.

1,042.7

Berkshire, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Berkshire, Methodist Episcopal Church, north side of we*t or front

entrance; bronze tablet stamped “ 1055 A”..........................

Berkshire, 0.2 mile north of, at crossing near milk station; top of rail.... 1,046.1

Richford, waiting room at station; doorsill...........................

Richford, at road crossing near station; top of rail....................

Richfora, 0.1 mile north of Lehigh Valley Railroad station; bench mark

under water tank, on southwest foundation stone......................

Harford Mills, waiting room at station; doorsill Harford, waiting room at station; doorsill....

Harford, in north front of Harford Methodist Episcopal Church; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1196 A”........................................

1,055.658

1,100.02

1,098.6

1,100.34

1,152.44

1,185.62

1,195.861

CORTLAND QUADRANGLE.

MESSENGERVILLE, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO CORTLAND.

Blodgett Mills, at road crossing near station; top of rail...............

Blodgett Mills, 1,000 feet north of station, on west side of track, in retaining wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1086 ALBANY”..................

1,082.9

1,086.336

MESSENGERVILLE, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO VIRGIL (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Virgil, northeast corner stone of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped “1421 ALBANY”........................................

1,421.249

CORTLAND, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE AND CENTRAL NEW YORK RAILROAD, TO SOLON.

McGrawville, South street crossing; top of rail........................

Maybury, switch at flag station; top of rail............................

Solon, crossing at milk station; top of rail.............................

Solon, in northwest corner wall of William Corcoran’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 1308 ALBANY”........................................

1,150.2

1,247.7

1,311.4

1,308.000

CORTLAND, NORTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO TRUXTON.

Lorrings (flag station), at road crossing; top of rail....................

East River (flag station), at road crossing; top of rail..................

East Homer, in front of station; top of rail..........................

East Homer, waiting room at station; doorsill..........................

Truxton, waiting room of station; doorsill............................

Truxton, in front of station; top of rail...............................

Truxton, corner of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 1159 ALBANY ”...............................................

1,105.9 1,132.8 1,132.3 ' 1,134.29 1,156.78 1,154.7

1,159.096

ITHACA JUNCTION, NORTH ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO TULLY.

Cortland, waiting room at station; doorsill............................

Cortland, State Normal School building, north side of east entrance; aluminum tablet stamped “1122 ALBANY”............................

Homer, James street crossing; top of rail..............................

Homer, waiting room at station ; doorsill..............................

Little York, at road crossing; top of rail..............................

Preble, at road crossing; top of rail..................................

Preble, Presbyterian Church, in southeast corner of wall; bronze tablet stamped “1212 ALBANY”........................................

1,114.22

1,121.855

1,132.9

1,132.82

1,162.0

1,188.3

1,212.554

CORTLAND, ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO M’LEAN.

Cortland, Lehigh Valley station; waiting-room doorsill.............

McLean, E. G. Galloup’s. store, on east side of wall; chiseled cross.......

1,130.32

1,119.74

CAYUGA, CHEMUNG, ONONDAGA, TIOGA, AND TOMPKINS COUNTIES.

Auburn, Dryden, Moravia, Owego, Skaneateles, and Waverly Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported upon in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey, with additional work on Owego quadrangle. Leveling done by the Lehigh Valley Railroad was employed extensively in the readjustment. For additional elevations on Owego and Waverly quadrangles see “ Precise leveling.”

The leveling on Auburn, Skaneateles, and Moravia quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, mostly by Mr. A. B. Pomme, levelman; that on Waverly and Dryden and part of Owego quad-1 angles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. R. D. Cummin, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman, and the remainder on the Owego quadrangle was done in 1900 under the direction of Mr. Jennings by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman. The standard bench marks on Waverly, Dryden, and Owego quadrangles are stamped “ ALBANY ” or “ A ” in addition to figures of elevation, mostly 1 foot too low. Those set in 1896 have no datum letter and the elevations stamped are mostly 2 feet too high on Auburn and Moravia quadrangles and 3 feet too high on Skaneateles quadrangle, but the corrected elevations given on the latter quadrangle are possibly 1 foot low, though the nearest of two connections which differed by that amount was taken.

OWEGO QUADRANGLE.

OWEGO, NORTH ALONG RAILROAD TO GRIDLEYVILLE.

Owego, in northwest corner of foundation wall of court-house; aluminum

tablet stamped “818 ALBANY”...................................

Catatonk, at road crossing into sawmill yard; top of rail................

Candor, at road crossing south of station; top of rail....................

Gridleyville, 0.3 mile south of, Bridge No. 10, in northeast pedestal stone;

bronze tablet stamped “919 ALBANY”.............................

Gridleyville, at road crossing; top of rail..............................

Feet.

818.387 849. S 892.8

919.464

928.4

OWEGO, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO GIBSON CORNERS.

Owego, Main street road crossing; top of rail..........................

Kile, triangulation station, 2.8 miles south of Owego; top of stone monument.........................................................

Gibson Corners, 1.5 feet from south end of schoolhouse, in west side wall; bronze tablet stamped “1531 ALBANY”............................

807.8

1,280.349

1,531.558

SPENCER, SOUTH TO HALSEY VALLEY (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

1,065.618

999.9

995.395

986.3

955.9

948.7

Halsey Valley, northwest corner of Dr. H. P. Vosburgh’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 1065 ALBANY ”..................................

VAN ETTEN, EAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO NORTH CANDOR.

Spencer, Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing; top of rail..................

Spencer, southwest corner of Main and Tioga streets, in water table on north side of Fisher Block, 1 foot east of northwest corner; bronze tablet

stamped “A 995 ”................................................

East Spencer, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail............

West Candor, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail................

North Candor, Lehigh Valley Railroad station; top of rail................

WAVERLY QUADRANGLE.

WELLSBURG, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO BREESPORT, THENCE EAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ERIN, THENCE NORTH TO PARK, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO VAN ETTEN,

THENCE SOUTH TO WAVERLY.

Feet.

Breesport, county buildings, on west face of foundation of brick structure, 3 feet above ground and 25 feet south of northwest corner, between second

and third cellar windows; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1160”.........

Erin station, Lehigh Valley Railroad; chiseled mark on top of foundation,

6 feet south of northeast corner....................................

Erin station, in front of east line of; top of rail........................

Park station, south side of water tank; iron pin in foundation (Lehigh

Valley Railroad bench mark)......................................

Park station, at highway crossing; top of rail.........................

Park station, 1 mile east of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron pin in top at center of east abutment of trestle (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark

No. 18) ........................................................

Park station, 1.75 miles east of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron pin in top of south end of east abutment of trestle (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench

mark No. 19)....................................................

Swartwood, east corner of water tank; iron pin in foundation (Lehigh Valley

Railroad bench mark No. 21).....................................

Swartwood, in front of station, opposite north line; top of rail...........

Swartwood, front of residence of Benjamin Barnes, center of foundation,

north wing; aluminum tablet stamped ‘‘A 1054”......................

Van Etten, Warner street crossing of Lehigh Valley Railroad, Elmira and

Cortland branch; top of rail.......................................

Van Etten, southeast corner of Waverly and Warner streets; water table at

northwest corner of new brick building..............................

Van Etten Junction, crossing of Elmira, Cortland and Northern division of

Lehigh Valley Railroad ; top of rail.................................

Van Etten Junction, 0.87 mile south of, southeast abutment of iron highway bridge over Cayuta Creek, 200 feet west of Lehigh Valley Railroad ; iron

pin (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark)..........................

Reniff, southeast corner of highway bridge over Cayuta Creek; chisel mark on shoe.......................................................

1,160.580

1,247.56

1,247

1,500.39

1,506.5

1,391.84

1,304.57

1,053.60

1,053.3

1,054.479

1,005.69

1,018.84

992.2

970.32

916.94

DRYDEN QUADRANGLE.

NORTH CANDOR, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ITHACA.

Willseyville, Stevens Hotel, east end of walk between driveway and building; chisel mark on south end of stone step.........................

Willseyville, 2.25 miles north of, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad bridge over highway, south abutment under west rail and 2.5 feet

above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “ 957 ”......................

Besemer, 1.12 miles west of, in field 50 feet north of track ; hickory tree blazed “ B. M. 46,” spike in root (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark). East Ithaca, 2.5 miles southeast of, 0.25 mile west of small white school-house among pines on south side of track and immediately west of private road crossing; iron pin set in bowlder 20 feet north of track (Lehigh

Valley Railroad bench mark No. 472)..............................

East Ithaca, 1.25 miles southeast of, 450 feet northwest of highway crossing and 20 feet north of track; iron pin set in large bowlder (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark No. 49)................................

948.38

958.250

952.40

943.69

901.37

BESEMER, EAST AI.ONG HIGHWAY TO CAROLINE, THENCE SOUTH TO SPEEDSVILLE, THENCE WEST TO WILLSEYVILLE.

Slaterville Springs, Methodist Church; chisel mark on top of southwest

corner of foundation. . ............................................

Slaterville Springs, town clerk’s office, east side of building, near northeast corner, 3 feet above ground; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1120 ”......

1,117.81

1,121.400

Feet.

Speedsville, O. F. Freeland’s store, west side of building, 8 feet north of southwest corner, in top course of masonry foundation; aluminum tablet

stamped “A 1121 ”...............................................

Perryville schoolhouse, east side of road, west end of first stone step from top, south of door; chisel mark...................................

1,121.939

1,010.19

CAROLINE, NORTH TO DRYDEN, THENCE WEST TO ETNA.

Caroline, 1.25 miles north of, at West Oswego Creek, on abutment at southwest corner of bridge; chisel mark..................................

Dryden, 2 miles south of, first crossing of Lehigh Valley Railroad north of

Dryden Lake; top of rail..........................................

Dryden, South street crossing; top of rail..............................

Dryden, Southworth Library building in foundation course of masonry south front of structure; aluminum tablet stamped “A 1090 ”...............

1,305.36

1.162.7

1.101.8

1,090.520

ETNA, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ITHACA.

Etna, Lehigh Valley Railroad station, opposite east line of building; top of

rail......................................................

Varna, 0.5 mile northeast of, at iron highway bridge over Fall Creek, west

end of south abutment; chisel mark................................

Varna, opposite west line of station; top of rail........................

Varna, 1.5 miles southwest of, 1,200 feet west of milepost 52, on north side of track; iron pin set in bowlder (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark

No. 51).......................................................

East Ithaca, 0.5 mile northeast of, abutment at southwest corner of iron highway bridge over Cascadilla Creek; iron pin (Lehigh Valley Railroad

bench mark No. 502).............................................

East Ithaca, opposite south line of station; top of west rail, main track. . . Ithaca, south end of Cornell University civil-engineering building, bottom course of foundation, 5 feet east of southwest corner; aluminum tablet stamped “A 814 ”................................................

1,025.6

956.43

997.5

935.55

866.88

873.0

815.107

MORAVIA QUADRANGLE.

ETNA, NORTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO M’LEAN.

Freeville, Lehigh Valley Railroad freight house, west side of fourth pedestal

from south end under freight platform; chisel mark.................

McLean, north of small bridge at west side of square and south of store and post-office, in east wall of mill race; chiseled square marked “ U. S. G. S. 1123”................... ................................

1,047.30

1,119.61

M’LEAN, WEST TO MIDWAY, THENCE NORTH TO NORTH LANSING, THENCE NORTHEAST TO LOCKE, THENCE NORTH TO MORAVIA.

Peruville, 200 feet east of station, iron highway bridge, on southeast bridge

seatf chiseled square.............................................

Peruville, 2.25 miles west of, in southeast corner of intersection of road running south, on southeast corner of stone step to front entrance of

schoolhouse; chiseled square.......................................

Benson Corners, 0.33 mile south of, under most northerly of four butternut trees nearly opposite farmhouse, in bowlder in east fence; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. 1320 ft.”....................................

Midway, 1 mile north of, about 200 feet south of road running east and

west, on southwest bridge seat of small bridge; chiseled square........

North Lansing, R. Beardsley’s store, south of and close to building; iron

post stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1005 Ft.”..........................

Locke, 3 miles southwest of, bridge at crossroads, on southeast bridge seat;

chiseled square ..........................'........................

Locke, George Culver’s store, corner of Main and Mill streets, on top of

curbstone; chiseled square.......................................

Locke station, railroad bridge over Owasco Inlet, 3,260 feet north of station; iron bolt cemented in southeast abutment............................

1,026.95

1,396.82

1,317.900

983.20

1,001.986

941.63

793.07

781.77

SAYLES COKNEES, SOUTHWEST TO MORAVIA.

Wilson Corners, top of retaining wall at blacksmith shop, in limestone

bowlder; chiseled square..........................................

Montville, grist mill north of blacksmith shop, in northeast corner of road

running east, west step stone to stairs; chiseled square................

Moravia, Moravia House, corner of Cayuga and Main streets, in northeast

corner of foundation; bronze tablet stamped “ 743 ”..................

Moravia, Church street, at top of schoolhouse hill, capstone at north end of culvert; chiseled square..........................................

1,091.24

913.57

740.480

869.91

MORAVIA, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO BRESSERVILLE, THENCE SOUTH TO M’LEAN.

Dresserville, Kenyon’s tannery lower dam, on eighth step from top of east

wing; chiseled square.............................................

Dresserville, George Fritz’s sawmill and gristmill, in west end of doorsill to south door of boiler house; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M.

1291 ft.”.......................................................

Lake Como, opposite, 100 feet north of intersection of road running west, on

stone at foot of southwest wing wall of small bridge; chiseled square.... 1,332.47 Groton City, 2.25 miles north of, west abutment of Pall C~eek Bridge, on

capstone of north wing; chiseled square.............................

Groton City, 0.25 mile north of, farm of George A. Bliss, 150 feet east of dwelling house and 125 feet east of road; copper bolt in bowlder etamped

“ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1372 ft.”.......................................

Groton City, 2.25 miles north of, west abutment of Pall Creek Bridge, on Groton City, 0.25 mile north of, farm of George A. Bliss, 150 feet east of Lafayette, south end of culvert on road running east and about 150 feet east of intersection of road running north and south, on capstone;

chiseled square.................................................

McLean, east side of North street, 60 feet south of evergreen trees planted in graveyard, on a straight line with road fence, in bowlder opposite upper part of graveyard; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1234 ft.”. ...

1,278.77

1,286.680

1,292.33

1,368.780

1,248.44

1,231.290

SKANEATELES QUADRANGLE.

SKANEATELES, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO OWASCO, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO GLENHAVEN.

Skaneateles, in west wing wall of State dam, first step from top; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 870 ft.”................................

Owasco, brook north of, on northwest seat of iron bridge; chiseled square.. Owasco, 0.25 mile southeast of, on road to Twelve Corners, in fifth foundation stone from south end of dry wall on east side of north approach to

small iron bridge; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 853 ft.”......

Owasco, 2 miles from, on north wing stone southwest end of culvert at

forks of road; chiseled square......................................

Twelve Corners, house in northeast corner of road crossing, on bowlder in

front yard; chiseled square........................................

Kelloggsville, opposite road from Twelve Corners, west side of maple tree and scales in front of W. D. Sayles’s store, in bowlder; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1424 ft.”..............................

Sayles Corners, at south end of culvert across road from east; chiseled

square..........................................................

Skaneateles Lake, bridge over south inlet at intersection of roads southwest and north and south, on stone 3 feet east of southwest bridge seat;

chiseled square ..................................................

Glenhaven. iron bridge at south inlet of Skaneateles Lake, on northwest bridge seat; chiseled square........................................

866.648

792.47

849.588

1,175.88

1,391.91

1,421.185

1,587.33

976.17

868.95

MARCELLUS STATION, SOUTH TO MARCELLUS.

Marcellus station, road culvert west of; southeast corner of coping stone

on south wing wall ..............................................

Limekiln, bridge across mill race opposite, on coping stone of north end of northeast wall; chiseled square...................................

431.58

470.52

Feet.

Marcellus Falls, at road running east, stone arch over c- -ek. on coping

stone at west end of parapet wall; chiseled square....................

Marcellus powder works, iron bridge south of, on southeast bridge seat;

chiseled) square...................................................

Marce.ius, stone arch over Otisco Lake outlet (Ninemile Creek), on coping

stone north of parapet wall; chiseled square..........................

Marcellus, Main street, stone arch over Otisco Lake outlet (Ninemile Creek), in fourth coping stone east from angle at west end of north parapet wall, a little west of center; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. L. M. 655 ft.”..

513.17

611.03

651.21

651.221

SKANEATELES, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO MARIETTA, THENCE SOUTH TO GLENHAVEN.

Clintonville, culvert under road from south, on stone at southeast end;

chiseled square. ................................................

Marietta Hotel, at corner of roads to Clintonville and Rose Hill, on foundation stone north corner of plaza; chiseled square......................

Otisco Lake, highway bridge below State dam, on road from Marietta to

Amber, southwest corner of bridge seat; chiseled square................

Otisco Lake outlet, at west end of State dam, close to gate chamber; crest

of spillway .....................................................

Otisco Lake outlet, east wing of State dam, in south coping stone; copper

bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 789 ft.”............................

Borodino, 0.5 mile north of, Thorn Hill road, 215 feet south of intersection of first road running east, in sandstone bowlder on east side of driveway; copper bolt stamped “U S. G. S. B. M. 1021 ft.”................

Spafford, in northwest corner of road crossing, water table at southeast

corner of church.................................................

Spafford, 0.5 mile south of, in Bruce Norton’s lot, 200 feet from fence on bank of small brook, east side of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1654 ft.”..................................................

1,087.37

796.15

776.86

782.62

786.230

1,017.634

1,691.74

1,650.831

MORAVIA, NORTH TO CASCADE.

Cascade Hotel, 1.25 miles northwest of, in limestone bowlder 10 feet southwest of bridge over small brook, on road running north and south; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1091 ft.”............................

1,088.284

AUBURN QUADRANGLE.

CASCADE, NORTHWEST TO SCIPIO, THENCE WEST VIA BARBERS CORNERS TO LEVANNA, THENCE SOUTH TO AURORA.

Cascade Hotel, 2 miles west of, on capstone of culvert in southeast corner

of intersection of road running south; chiseled square................

Scipio public school, 30 feet southeast of corner of, in bowlder; copper bolt

stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1205 ft.”..............................

Scipioville, Watkins’s store, on northeast corner of stepstone; chiseled

square.........................................................

Barbers Corners, 250 feet south of, in limestone bowlder on east side of

road under apple tree near bridge; copper bolt stamped “ 849 ”........

Aurora, Cayuga Military Academy, south door of basement, in west end of doorsill; copper bolt stamped “ 437 ”...............................

1,266.58

1,203.211

989.46

847.954

435.732

LEVANNA, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO UNION SPRINGS.

[The error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Union Springs, basement door, at south end of sanitarium, in west end of doorsill; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 421 ft.”..............

418.680

UNION SPRINGS, NORTHWEST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO AUBURN.

Half Acre, 1.25 miles southwest of railroad station, on stone near southwest corner of intersection of road to south; chiseled square................

706.76

Aurelius, on mounting block in southwest corner of four corners; chiseled

square.........................................................

Aurelius, 1.75 miles east of, on southeast bridge seat of bridge over Crane

Brook; chiseled square...........................................

Auburn, 411 feet south of south side of Genesee street, on east side of track; bolt in rock (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark, railroad elevation 647.083) .................................................

Auburn, south side of Genesee street, tetween Sherwood and Delevan

streets; west side of coping (city bench mark)......................

Auburn, northwest corner of court-house; water table (city bench mark).... 708.82 Auburn, North and Market streets; top of monument near southwest

corner of city hall lot (city bench mark)............................

Auburn, post-office building, Genesee street entrance, in top of wing stone at east end of steps; bronze tablet stamped “710 feet”..................

644.27

635.84

647.77

643.17

671.75

707.719

UNION SPRINGS, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO CAYUGA.

Cayuga, on northwest corner of doorsill to north door of malt house;

chiseled square.................................................

Cayuga, Cayuga and Seneca Canal, Lock No. 10, between anchors of west wing of south gate; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 392 ft.”. . . .

387.83

390.420

AUBURN, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO SCIPIO.

Auburn, Genesee street, 2 miles south of, on Lehigh Valley Railroad; iron

bolt in box culvert, 911 feet north of north side of public road.........

Fleming, Methodist Episcopal Church; copper bolt in door step, south door, stamped “U. S. G. S. B. M. 912 ft.”..............................

721.13

910.051

THROOPSVILLE, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO CAYUGA.

Throopsville, 1.75 miles east of; iron bolt in foundation of culvert 201 feet

north of point of switch (Lehigh Valley Railroad bench mark).........

Throopsville, north side of road just east of four corners, on southeast corner of stone horse block; chiseled square............................

Fosterville, 3 miles west of, 800 feet east of canal, south side of road, on granite bowlder horse block in front of wood-colored house; chiseled square.........................................................

546.060

516.36

408.87

CAYUGA, MONROE, ONONDAGA, OSWEGO, AND WAYNE COUNTIES.

Baldwinsville, Clyde, Fulton, Macedon, Oswego, Palmyra, Rochester, and Weedsport Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are the result of the readjustment of primary levels previously reported in Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey. The leveling was done as follows: On Rochester, Macedon, and Palmyra quadrangles and part of Clyde quadrangle under Mr. J. H. Wheat, topographer, in 1898, and the remainder on the Clyde quadrangle under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, in 1899; on Rochester quadrangle, by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and on the other quadrangles by Messrs. Semper and D. E. Baxter, levelmen. The leveling on Oswego, Weedsport, and Baldwinsville quadrangles was done in 1898 under Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Mr. Baxter, and that on Fulton quadrangle was done also in 1898, under Mr. Clark, by Messrs. Semper and Baxter. The standard bench marks are stamped mostly “ OSWEGO ” in full or abbreviated, in addition to figures of elevation, which are mostly 1 foot low.

BTJLTON QUADRANGLE.

OSWEGO, SOUTH VIA FULTON TO HINMANSVILLE.

Minetto, State dam, west side of Oswego River, southeast corner of third bulkhead pier on top of surface; aluminum tablet stamped “ 302 A”. .. . Minetto, 0.07 mile south of, Oswego Canal, between cinchers of middle

gate; copper bolt (canal bench mark at Lock No. 12)................

Minetto, 1.3 miles south of, south wing of west abutment, second step;

copper bolt (canal bench mark at bridge)..:.......................

Minetto, 3.0 miles south of, Oswego Canal, between cinchers of middle

gate; copper bolt (canal bench mark Guard Lock No. 4)..............

Minetto, 4.7 miles south of, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 11, middle hollow

between cinchers; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No. 129)..................

Minetto, 5.5 miles south of, Oswego Canal, on first stone step, south end

abutment; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No. 128)........................

Minetto, 5.9 miles south of, Oswego Canal, in first step of abutment, south

end; copper belt (L. S. B. M. No. 127)..............................

Minetto, 6.1 miles south of, Oswego Canal, on north hollow quoin between

cinchers; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No. 126)........................

Minetto, 6.2 miles south of, Lock No. 9, in middle hollow quoin between

cinchers; copper bolt (Oswego Canal bench mark)..................

Fulton, northwest corner of town hall, South First street, in water table;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 363 A”.................................

Fulton, 0.5 mile south of, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 8, on lower hollow quoin

between cinchers; copper bolt (L. S. B. M. No. 125).................

Fulton, 0.8 mile south of, Oswego Canal, first step of abutment, south end;

copper bolt (canal bench mark)....................................

Fulton, 0.9 mile south of, Oswego Canal, Guard Lock No. 3, in lower hollow quoin between cinchers; copper bolt (canal bench mark)..........

Fulton, 4.3 miles south of, Lock No. 7, in middle hollow quoin between

cinchers; copper bolt (canal bench mark)...........................

Fulton, 5.5 miles south of, Oswego Canal, unused lock, in lower hollow quoin; copper bolt (canal bench mark)............................

Feet.

303.344

308.54

311.28

311.99

320.18

322.47

323.16

329.025

337.15

364.542

347.946

351.00

352.03

353.52

359.89

FULTON, EAST TO GILBERTS MILLS, THENCE NORTH TO VERMILION, THENCE WEST TO OSWEGO.

Gilbert Mills, southeast corner of schoolhouse, District No. 5; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 435 OSWEGO ”....................................

Vermilion, on southeast corner of Methodist Church, Main street; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 422 OSWEGO”...................................

South Scriba, on north side of Hall road, in southeast corner of Ladies’

Aid Society hall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 400 OSWGO ”............

Lansing, on northeast corner of brick schoolhouse; chiseled square........

Oswego, at Rome, Watertown, and Ogdensburg railroad crossing, on Hall road; top of west rail............................................

436.144

422.559

401.517

418.84

322.1

FULTON, SOUTHWEST TO BOWENS CORNERS.

Fulton, 1.9 miles west of, 30 feet east of road to south, south end of west

abutment of highway bridge over Lye Creek; chiseled square..........

Bowens Corners, south door of brick schoolhouse, District No. 5, on stone doorstep; aluminum tablet stamped “449 OSWGO”..................

371.84

449.603

BALDWINSVILLE QUADRANGLE.

HINMANSVILLE, SOUTH VIA BALDWINSVILLE TO NEWPORT.

Hinmansville, Oswego Canal, Lock No. 6, in lower hollow quoin between

cinchers; copper bolt (canal bench mark)............................

Phoenix, Culvert street, Oswego Canal, in second step of bridge abutment,

south end; copper bolt (canal bench mark) .........................

Phoenix, northwest corner of Union Academy, Bridge and Cherry streets, Cherry street front, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 394 OSWGO ”......................................................

360.68

364.88

395.020

Phoenix, Oswego Canal, in second step of abutment, south end, on Bridge

street; copper bolt stamped “ 364 A” (canal bench mark).............

Phoenix, Oswego Canal, Guard Lock No. 1, in upper hollow quoin between

cinchers; copper bolt stamped “ 363 A” (canal bench mark)...........

Baldwinsville, southeast corner of Free Academy, Elizabeth street; aluminum tablet stamped “ 423 OSWGO ”................................

Warners, 700 feet east of crossroads, Mr. Hawley’s brick dwelling, in east end of stone water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 477 OSWGO”.... Newport, at Warners, southwest corner of hotel barn, 30 feet north of canal; chisel mark on bowlder (Erie Canal bench mark)..............

365.000

364.400

424.348

478.190

412.587

BOWENS CORNERS, SOUTH TO PERU.

Plainville, 300 feet west of four corners at center of town, north side of road, in top step of schoolhouse, District No. 5 • alunrnum tablet

stamped “ 403 OSWGO”...........................................

Peru, highway bridge over Erie Canal, towpath abutment, in west end of bottom step; copper bolt (N. Y. S. B. M. No. 324)....................

403.689

413.643

JORDAN (SET FROM CANAL BENCH MARK 330).

Jordan, in Jordan Academy, front of building, 3 feet east of door, in stone water table; aluminum tablet stamped “OSWGO 481”................

480.505

OSWEGO QUADRANGLE.

RED CREEK, NORTHEAST TO OSWEGO.

Red Creek, on Second street, Red Creek Academy, 225 feet north of Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, on west side of street; aluminum

tablet in stone foundation stamped “ 355 OSWGO ”....................

Red Creek, 200 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail............

Sterling, 2.1 miles southwest of railroad bridge over highway, fourth step

of east wing of north abutment; chiseled square......................

Sterling, at crossing of the Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg and the

Lehigh Valley railroads; top of rail................................

Hannibal; schoolhouse on Oswego street, in stone doorsill of north entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 354 OSWGO ”...........................

Oswego, 3.5 miles north of, wharf line of south side of basin, 5 feet from east face of old United States stone pier at foot of West Third street; top of iron bolt flush with top of masonry, stamped “ U. S. + B. M.”. .. Oswego, northeast corner of post-office building, corner of Oneida and West First streets, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 295 OSWGO ”..

356.410

335.3

339.48

321.0

355.057

251.898

295.753

WEEDSPORT QUADRANGLE.

STERLING STATION, SOUTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO CATO, THENCE SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO CONQUEST, THENCE SOUTH TO PORT BYRON.

Ira, highway crossing 200 feet north of station; top of east rail, main

track..........................................................

Ira station, about 700 feet southwest of station, in northeast corner of water

table of brick house; bronze tablet stamped “ 430 OSWGO ”............

Cato, highway crossing 200 feet north of station; top of east rail, main

track................................-.........................

Cato, northwest corner of Main and North streets, southeast corner of water

table of brick building; aluminum tablet stamped “461 OSWGO”......

Conquest, 0.6 mile south of, east side of road, in south side front of brick

house, in water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 449 A”................

Port Byron, West Shore Railroad ; top of north rail....................

Port Byron, Canal street highway bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of

towpath abutment; copper bolt..............................-......

Port Byron, highway bridge just east of Canal street, east wing of towpath abutment; copper bolt...........................................

419.7

431.585

419.0

462.811

450.454

396.8

406.63

407.54

Feet.

Port Byron, Lock No. 52, fourth step from west end of north side lock pier;

copper bolt (N. Y. 352) ..........................................

Port Byron, Lock No. 52, east hollow quoin south side of lock; head bolt stamped “ 404 A"...............................................

403.279

406.005

MONTEZUMA AND WEEDSPORT, SET FROM STATE ENGINEER’S BENCH MARK.

Montezuma, in northeast corner of Methodist Church, Auburn street, in

foundation masonry; bronze tablet stamped “417 OSWEGO”..........

Weedsport, Methodist Episcopal Church, on south side of Brutus street, in front face of east end of foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 433 OSWEGO ”....................................................

417.449

433.256

CLYDE QUADRANGLE.

CLYDE (SET FROM STATE BENCH MARKS).

Clyde, Methodist Episcopal Church, on northeast side of Sodus street, in north end of foundation of front wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 406 OSWEGO ”.....................................................

405.196

WALLINGTON, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY AND RAILROAD TO RED CREEK.

Alton, highway crossing; top of rail..................................

Dunbar, road crossing; top of north rail..............................

North Rose, in front of station; top of rail............................

Wolcott, Main street highway crossing; top of north rail................

Wolcott, northwest corner of -Main and Clyde streets, in masonry foundation southeast corner of Baptist Church ; aluminum tablet stamped “ 378 OSWEGO ”....................................................

402.8

393.7 387.80

361.7

379.026

WOLCOTT, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO MAYS POINT.

South Butler, in northwest corner of schoolhouse on road east from hotel;

bronze tablet stamped “ 399 OSWEGO 1899 ”........................

Savannah, northeast corner Main and East Church streets; top of concrete

monument......................................................

Savannah, 4.8 miles south of, Barry Bridge No. 1, Western division, in top of first step of west wing of north abutment; top of copper bolt stamped “ B. M. 2 ”......................................................

399,717

420.20

395.16

NORTH ROSE, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO LYONS.

Wayne Center, in southeast corner of schoolhouse on crossroads; bronze

tablet stamped “ 438 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............................

Lyons, on west side of Broad street, between Church and Pearl streets, in Dutch Reformed Church; bron e tablet stamped “ OSWEGO 437, 1899 ”.. Lyons, Water street highway bridge over canal, east wing of towpath abutment ; chiseled square............................................

438.942

438.395

407.727

PALMYRA QUADRANGLE.

ONTARIO, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO WALLINGTON.

Williamson, in front of station; top of rail............................

East Williamson, at road crossing; top of rail.........................

Sodus, highway crossing, main track; top of rail.......................

Sodus, southwest corner of Third Methodist Episcopal Church, on Ridge

road, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 457 O ”..............

Wallington, on southwest corner of stone foundation of railroad water tank; chiseled square..................................................

420.2

417.0

428.8

458.255

405.90

GALLOWAY’S BRIDGE, NORTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAYS TO EAST PALMYRA.

449.57

East Palmyra, 2.3 miles southwest of, Galloway’s highway bridge over Erie Canal, east wing of towpath abutment; chiseled square..............

WILLIAM SON, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO MARION (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Williamson, Union Academy, northwest corner of building; aluminum tablet

stamped “454 OSWGO”..........................................

Marion, 500 feet north of four corners, Main street front of the Marion Collegiate Institute; aluminum tablet stamped “462 OSWGO”.........

WALLINGTON, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY TO NEWARK.

454.843

462.813

Feet.

East Palmyra, Presbyterian Church, in northwest corner of water table; bronze tablet stamped “471 OSWGO ”..............................

471.826

Wallington, 0.9 mile south of, Culvert No. 45, over Salmon Creek, northwest corner of masonry; chiseled square............................

Sodus Center, 0.3 miles south of, Bridge No. 44, over Salmon Creek, on

west wing of south abutment; chiseled square........................

Zurich, in front of station; top of rail..................................

Fairville, brick schoolhouse District No. 2, 475 feet west of Northern Central Railway, in masonry foundation, 7 feet south of front entrance;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 456 OSWGO ”............................

Fairville, 0.9 mile south of, railroad bridge No. 40, over Mud Creek, west

end of south abutment; chiseled square..............................

Fairville, 2.9 miles south of, railroad bridge No. 37, over Mud Creek, west

end of south abutment; chiseled square..............................

Newark station, of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, Northern Central Railway bridge ofer New York Central and Hudson River Railroad tracks, on top step, west end of south abutment; chiseled square. . Newark, Charles Street Bridge over Erie Canal, towpath siue, on bottom

step of east wing; chiseled square..................................

Newark, southwest corner of Charles and Miller streets, Miller street front of Baptist Church, 1 foot from northeast corner, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 457 OSWGO ”............................

405.90

411.03

441.5

456.802

414.21

416.35

434.25

447.81

457.570

MACEDON QUADRANGLE.

FORESTLAWN, EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO ONTARIO.

Union Hill station, road crossing near; top of rail......................

Lakeside, on west wall of railroad culvert, north side of track, 600 feet

west of station, on top step; chiseled square..........................

Lakeside, highway crossing east of; top of rail........................

Ontario, in front of station; top of rail..............................

425.7

421.56

424.0

414.6

WEBSTER, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO FAIRPORT.

Webster, at northeast corner of Union Academy building, in water table ;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 465 OSWGO ”............................

Fairport, Main street, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad; top

of rail. . . ......................................................

Fairport, Main street, West Shore Railroad; top of rail..................

Fairport, Union school, in water table of Church stre-t front; aluminum tablet stamped “ 498 OSWGO”....................................

466.225

455.8

455.6

498.983

ONTARIO, SOUTH VIA WALWORTH TO PALMIRA.

Walworth, at northwest corner of Walworth Academy building, in water

table; aluminum tablet stamped “ 564 OSWGO”.....................

Palmyra, 1 mile west of, Mud Creek Aqueduct, in buttress of south wing of west abutment; aluminum tablet stamped “446 OSWGO”..........

564.785 '

446.625

FAIRPORT, SOUTH TO BUSHNELL BASIN.

Bushnell Basin, Bridge No. 50 over Erie Canal, towpath abutment, inner face of west wing; bronze tablet stamped “ 465 QSWGO    .........

465.759

ROCHESTER QUADRANGLE.

CHARLOTTE, EAST ALONG THE ROME, WATERTOWN AND OGDENS-BURG RAILROAD TO FORESTLAWN.

Charlotte, upper side of water table of old light-house, at southeast angle east of the south window; chiseled circle* (United States Engineers’ bench

mark No. 1).....................................................

Charlotte, Genesee River, railroad swing bridge over, on southwest corner of

west abutment of bridge, on top of parapet wall; chiseled square......

Windsor, station of Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg Railroad, cement

foundation of first post of building east of station; chiseled square.....

Irondequoit, in front of Lake Shore Hotel; top of rail....................

Irondequoit Bay, Rome, Watertown and Ogdenshurg Railroad bridge over outlet of, fourth step of east abutment, north side of track, on northeast

corner ; chiseled square.........................................

Porestlawn, 0.8 mile west of, railroad bridge over Webster road, on west abutment, north side oh top step; chiseled square.....................

Feet.

283.168

257.16

278.46

270.2

252.23

266.49

ONTARIO, SCHUYLER, SENECA, STEUBEN, TOMPKINS, AND YATES

COUNTIES.

Geneva, Genoa, Ovid, Penn Yan, and Phelps Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the readjustment of primary levels previously reported in Appendix to the Twenty-first Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey. The leveling was done in 1899 under the direction of Mr. J. II. Jennings, topographer, as follows: On Geneva and Phelps quadrangles by Mr. C. H. Semper, levelman, and on the remainder jointly by Messrs. Semper and W. F. Hammond, level-men. The standard bench marks are stamped “ OSWEGO,” in addition to figures of elevation, which are 1 foot low.

GENEVA QUADRANGLE.

GENEVA, NORTH TO LYONS.

East X, on southwest corner of stone step of station house on Lyons and

Geneva Railroad; chiseled mark....................................

Mitchell (West Junius), in north face wall of post-office at railroad crossing; bronze tablet stamped “491 OSWEGO 1899 ”.....................

Feet.

478.6?

492.524

GENEVA, SOUTH ALONG LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO KENDAIA.

Geneva, in west face of St, Peter’s Church, in water table; bronze tablet

stamped “481 OSWEGO 1899 ”....................................

Geneva, 1.9 miles south of, in west end of south abutment of Bridge No.

342, Lehigh Valley Railroad; copper bolt............................

Geneva, 6.3 miles south of, in top step west end of south abutment of Lake road overhead Bridge No. 337, Lehigh Valley Railroad; top of iron bolt. . Varick, 1.8 miles south of, in northeast foundation stone of Lehigh Valley water tank, on west side of road; bronze tablet stamped “ 562 OSWEGO 1899 ”........................................................

481.524

465.52

523.09

563.385

MAYS POINT, SOUTH TO FAYETTE.

Mays Point, in west wing south abutment, in third step, of Mays Canal

Bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 396 OSWEGO 1899 ”................

Seneca Palls, in south face wall of Mynderse Academy, North Park street;

bronze tablet stamped “ 465 OSWEGO 1899 ”........................

Fayette post-office, in northwest corner of Dutch Reformed Church; bronze tablet stamped “612 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............................

396.642

466.066

613.223

PHELPS QUADRANGLE.

NEWARK, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY, TO PHELPS JUNCTION, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO EAST X.

Phelps Junction, 1.2 miles east of, on east end of stone abutment of aqueduct on south side of track, 15 feet from east end of wall; chisel mark. Phelps, southwest corner of schoolhouse, corner <~f Main and Banta streets; aluminum tablet stamped “ 542 OSWEGO 1899 ”....................

536.82

543.142

PHELPS JUNCTION, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO MANCHESTER.

Phelps Junction, 1.2 miles west of, on south side of railroad, top of stone

abutment of creek bridge; chisel mark..............................

Clifton Springs, 3.9 miles west of, Lehigh Valley overhead bridge over Auburn branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, north

abutment; bronze tablet stamped “611 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............

Manchester, west abutment of Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge; top of bolt (railroad bench mark No. 359)....................................

565.49

612.031

607.44

PHELPS JUNCTION, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY TO BELLONA.

Stanley, in northwest corner of grain elevator at railway station; aluminum tablet stamped “ 903 OSWGO 1899 ”..........................

Bellona, in southeast corner of Memorial Presbyterian Church on Main street; aluminum tablet stamped “731 OSWGO 1899 ”................

STANLEY, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO RUSHVILLE.

Rushville, in northeast corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, in water table; tablet stamped “870 OSWEGO”..............................

STANLEY, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO CANANDAIGUA.

Li'he error distributed in this line is excessive.]

Ennerdale (Beula post-office), 30 feet south of station building, south side of railroad, on east margin of highway, in large bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “851 OSWEGO”........................................

904.027

732.207

871.063

851.393

GENOA QUADRANGLE.

OVID CENTER, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO ITHACA.

Ovid Center, 2.5 miles south of, set in bridge seat of cattle pass, northeast

side; top of iron rod (L. V. B. M. No. 325)........................

Farmer, corner of Main and Lodi streets, in northeast corner of Baptist

Church; bronze tablet stamped “912”..............................

Farmer, 0.7 mile south of, in north wall of cattle pass, east side; top of

iron bolt stamped “ B. M. No. 323 ”................................

Farmer, 2.4 miles south of, 600 feet north of highway, by fence west of

railroad; top of iron bolt stamped “ B. M. No. 322 ” (L. V.)..........

Covert, 1.4 miles south of, on west side of railroad, set in rock; top of iron

pin stamped “ 320 ” (L. V.)......................................

Covert, 1.9 miles south of, on west side of railroad, 600 feet south of highway, set in rock; top of iron pin (No. 319 L. V.)....................

Trumansburg, in south face of Union School and Academy; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1000 OSWEGO 1899 ”...................................

Trumansburg, first crossing west of station, set in rock on north side of

track; iron pin (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 318).......... ....

Willow Creek, 3 miles south of, top of iron plug set in bowlder (L. V. B. M. No. 311) ....................................................

821.83

912.420

843.88

849.18

901.41

882.08

1,000.390

874.98

588.09

LUDLOWVILLE, NORTHWEST ALONG ROAD, TO AURORA.

Black Rock (Ellsworth post-office), iron bridge over Paines Creek west abutment, in top of south wing; aluminum tablet stamped “ 723 OSWEGO ”.....................................................

OVID QUADRANGLE.

HIMROD, SOUTH ALONG THE FALLBROOK RAILWAY, TO READING CENTER.

Himrod, 500 feet north of, on west end south abutment of bridge on

Northern Central Railway; chisel mark.............................

Dundee, on foundation of railway water tank; chisel mark...............

KENDAIA, SOUTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO HECTOR.

724.413

799.10

989.52

ITHACA,, NORTH ALONG ROAD TO SCIPIO.

Ludlowville, in south end of bulkhead dam; aluminum tablet stamped “481

OSWEGO ”.....................................................

Genoa, northeast corner of Hotel De Witt, in top of retaining wall, aluminum table! stamped “ 837 OSWEGO ”..............................

Venice Center, north side of hotel building, in foundation stone; aluminum tablet stamped “ 998 OSWEGO”..................................

Feet.

482.334

838.591

999.600

Kendaia, 40 feet east of railroad on highway, in northwest corner of foundation wall of grain elevator; bronze tablet stamped “ 614 OSWEGO

1899 ” .........................................................

Kendaia, 2.2 miles south of, at railroad crossing, in south wall west side

of cattle pass; top of iron bolt (No. 329, L. V.).....................

Kendaia, 3.5 miles south of, 30 feet east of railroad at road crossing,

in masonry road culvert; top of iron bolt (No. 328, L. V.)............

Willard, in masonry on west side of railroad in first highway south of

station; top of iron bolt (No. 326, L. V.).... .......................

Willard, 0.8 mile south of, in top of stone cattle pass, northwest side of

railroad; top of iron bolt (No. 326, L. V.)..........................

Willard, 3.2 miles south of, in masonry of overhead bridge on northwest

side; top of iron bolt (No. 323, L. V.)..............................

Lodi, 0.8 mile south of, overhead farm bridge on northwest wing in step ;

top of iron pin (No. 322, L. V.)........................'...........

Lodi, 1.9 miles south of, in top of masonry of creek bridge on east side

of railroad; top of iron bolt (No. 321, L. V.)........................

Lodi, 2.9 miles south of, in top of wall of cattle pass on northeast side

of railroad; top of iron pin (No. 320, L. V.). .......................

Caywood, 0.2 mile south of, top of stone culvert masonry, on southeast side;

top of iron bolt (No. 319, L. V.).................................

North Hector, 0.5 mile south of station, 0.2 mile west of railroad, in masonry of basket factory, on crossroads; bronze tablet stamped “ 840 OSWEGO 1899 ”.........................*.......................

614.856

648.46

671.72

709.09

722.15

774.17

801.22

817.73

829.82

839.37

840.639

FAYETTE, SOUTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD, TO OVID CENTER.

Hayt Corners, 2.2 miles north of, on southwest side of railroad, 30 feet

west of road; top of iron bolt stamped “ B. M. 333 ” (L. V.)..........

Hayt Corners, 1.6 miles north of, 1,500 feet east of railroad crossing, 20 feet east of red farm gate; top of iron bolt (B. M. 333 L. V.)..........

742.53

740.08

TRUMANSBURG, WEST TO EAST STEAMBURG (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

East Steamburg, northeast corner of Sherwood’s house, 200 feet northwest of northwest corner of crossroads, in east wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1544 OSWEGO ” ...............................................

1,544.396

PENN YAN QUADRANGLE, i

BELLONA, SOUTH ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY, TO HIMROD.

Benton, in northeast corner of Methodist Church; tablet stamped “1089

OSWEGO 1899 ”.................................................

Penn Yan, in front face of Penn Yan Academy; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 767 OSWEGO 1899 ”............................................

Milo Center, in east side of church on Main street; tablet stamped “947 OSWGO 1899 ”.................................................

1,089.814

768.497

947.809

HIMROD, SOUTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

1,112.490

Himrod, 4.5 miles southwest of, small bridge 0.75 mile south of forks of road, in face of east wing of north abutment; tablet stamped “ 1111 OSWEGO 1899 ”.................................................

POTTER CENTER, SOUTH VIA BRANCHPORT TO CATAWBA.

Potter Center, in east end of north abutment of iron bridge over Flint

Creek; tablet stamped “ 893 OSWEGO 1899 ”........................

Friend, on west abutment at north end of bridge; chiseled square.........

Branchport, 1,200 feet east of, in south end of west abutment of highway

bridge, road to Penn Yan; tablet stamped “ 720 OSWEGO 1899 ”......

Gulicksville (near Pulteney post-office), in west end north wall of iron bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 733 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............

893.490

987.88

720.702

733.615

CHEMUNG, LIVINGSTON, ONTARIO, SCHUYLER, STEUBEN, AND

YATES COUNTIES.

Bath, Elmira, Hammondsport, Naples, and Watkins Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported in the Appendixes to the Twentieth and Twenty-first Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey, with additional work. For additional elevations on Elmira quadrangle, see “Precise leveling,” pages 14-15, 22. The leveling on Elmira and Watkins quadrangles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. R. D. Cummin, topographer, by Mr. W. W. Gilbert, levelman; that on Hammondsport and Corning quadrangles and part of that on Bath quadrangle was done in 1899 under Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. W. F. Hammond, levelman, and the leveling on Naples quadrangle and on the remainder of Bath quadrangle was done in 1900 under the direction of Mr. Jennings, by Mr. W. E. Green, levelman. The standard bench marks set by Hammond are stamped “ OSWEGO,” in addition to figures of elevation, mostly correct; and the others are stamped “ D,” with figures of elevation, mostly 1 foot below.

ELMIRA QUADRANGLE.

HORSEHEADS, ALONG THE NORTHERN CENTRAL RAILWAY TO WATKINS, THENCE TO BURDETT.

Horseheads, Lehigh Valley Railroad opposite southeast line of Horseheads

station; top of rail, main track....................................

Horseheads, men’s waiting room of Northern Central station; northwest

corner of stone doorsill..........................................

Pine Valley, opposite south line of Pine Valley station; top of rail........

Feet.

890.8

900.11

891.0

WATKINS QUADRANGLE.

710.627

Millport, highway bridge over Catherine Creek at Millport House, in face of abutment at southwest corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 709 D ”........

Millport, at north line of station; top of rail..........................

Montour Falls, 1.37 miles south of, south abutment of Northern Central

Railway bridge over highway, on top stone; chisel mark..............

Montour Falls, opposite north line of station; top of rail................

Montour Falls, old Schuyler County court-house, on foundation (base) of

east pillar, front of court-house; chisel mark........................

Watkins, 0.5 mile south of station, on southeast corner of north abutment of

Northern Central Railway bridge over Glen Creek; chisel mark........

Watkins, Schuyler County court-house, in foundation at front, second course of stone from top, 3 feet south of northwest corner; bronze

tablet stamped “476 D”..........................................

Burdett, at south line of station, Lehigh Valley Railroad; top of rail......

Feet.

750.5

509.77

457.8

467.23

461.47

477.403

1,003.3

BURDETT, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO ODESSA, THENCE SOUTHWEST TO MILLPORT.

Burdett, 600 feet south of station; in north end of coping, west end of culvert under Lehigh Valley Railroad; copper bolt stamped “ 1002 D”.... 1,003.437 Burdett station, north end of coping, west end of culvert under Lehigh

Valley Railroad; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 309)......

Burdett station, 1.37 miles south of, in top course of west end of south abutment of railroad bridge over intersection of highways; iron bolt

(Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 307). ..............................

Burkett station, 3 miles south of, 150 feet north of milepost 307, in top stone of east end of small culvert under railroad; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 306).........................................

Burdett station, 4.12 miles south of, in face of west abutment of highway bridge over railroad, near north end of abutment, 0.12 mile south of

milepost 306 ; iron pin (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 305)............

Odessa, 2 miles north of, in top stone at east end of culvert under railroad, 450 feet south of milepost 305; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench

mark No. 304)...................................................

Odessa, 1.12 miles north of, in top stone at east end of culvert under railroad, 250 feet north of milepost 304; iron pin (Lehigh Valley Railroad

bench mark No. 303).............................................

Odessa, 0.12 mile north of, in coping of west end of south abutment of railroad bridge over highway; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark

No. 302) .......................................................

Odessa, at south end of station; top east of rail, west track..............

Odessa, 550 feet south of station, on west end of culvert under Lehigh Valley Railroad, in face of coping near₍ north end; bronze tablet stamped “ 1053 D ” .....................................................

1,003.592

1,019.80

1,041.73

1,060.43

1,071.01

1,078.48

1,090.62

1,093.8

1,054.623

WATKINS, WEST VIA WATKINS STATION OF THE FALL BROOK DIVISION NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO TOWNSEND, THENCE SOUTH TO BEAVERDAMS,

THENCE EAST TO MILLPORT.

Watkins, 0.5 mile north of post-office, Steuben street, on northwest corner of

south abutment of bridge over stream; chiseled cross..................

Watkins, opposite south line of station; top of rail......................

Watkins Glen station, at south line of; top of rail......................

Watkins Glen station, railroad bridge over Glen Creek, on southeast corner

of north abutment; chisel mark....................................

Townsend, 2 miles south of, house of W. T. Beebe on east side of Beaver-dams road, on northeast corner of top step of a flight of stone steps

leading from the house to the road; chisel mark.....................

Beaverdams, 0.75 mile south of, on abutment at northwest corner of

iron highway bridge over small stream; chisel mark..................

Beaverdams, in foundation of house of David Beardsley, center of front,

second course from top ; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1262 D ”..........

Kendalls, 1 mile northeast of, abutment at north corner of iron highway bridge over East Creek; chisel mark................................

624.87

1,003.4

1,009.1

1,009.42

1,342.56

1,234.32

1,263.179

1,260.93

Feet.

Millport, 2.5 miles west of Schoolhouse No. 9, Catlin Township, at southwest corner of building, on footing course of foundation; chisel mark.... 1,050.75

WATKINS STATION, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO READING CENTER.

1,253.894

Reading Center, in foundation south side of Baptist Church, 4.5 feet from southeast corner, fourth course from top; bronze tablet stamped “ 1253 D ”. . . . .................................................

BURDETT, NORTH ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO HECTOR.

Burdett station, 2.75 miles north of, east side of water tank, north pier

west of track; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 312)..........

Burdett station, 4 miles north of, in west end of south abutment of Lehigh Valley Railroad bridge over small stream, 100 feet north of milepost 314,

back of house of J. B. Erway; copper bolt stamped “ 939 D ”.........

Burdett station, 4 miles north of, in west end of south abutment of bridge over small stream; iron bolt (Lehigh Valley bench mark No. 313)....

963.81

940.461

940.582

HAMMONDSPORT QUADRANGLE.

CATAWBA, SOUTHWEST TO HAMMONDSPORT.

734.479

718.662

Urbana, in east side of wine cellar; tablet stamped “ 734 OSWEGO 1899 ”. . Hammondsport, 0.25 mile south of, in west end of north abutment of bridge over inlet to Lake Keuka; tablet stamped “718 OSWEGO 1899 ”......

SAVONA, NORTHEAST VIA BRADFORD AND TYRONE, TO READING CENTER.

Savona, in south end of east abutment of highway bridge over Cohocton

River; tablet stamped “ 1050 OSWEGO”............................

Bradford, in top of west end of south abutment of bridge’; bronze tablet

stamped “1100 OSWEGO 1899 ”....................................

Tyrone, in west end of south wall of highway bridge at gristmill; bronze

tablet stamped “1155 OSWEGO 1899 ”............................

Altay, 1,000 feet west of, in top of north wing of east abutment of highway bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 1213 OSWEGO 1899 ”................

1,050.708

1,100.442

1,155.231

1,213.661

COOPER, NORTH VIA EAST CAMPBELL AND MONTEREY, TO TYRONE.

1,212.778

Monterey, 60 feet northwest of iron bridge, in bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “1212 OSWEGO 1899 ”...................................

SAVONA, VIA THE ERIE RAILROAD TO PAINTED POST.

Campbells, 700 feet north of station, south wall of railroad girder bridge,

on east end of bridge seat; chisel mark..............................

Painted Post, 2 miles north of, crossing of the Delaware, Lackawanna

and Western and the Erie railroads; top of rail.......................

Painted Post, 0.8 mile west of, in southeast corner of open bridge, on precise-level line; bronze tablet stamped “ 935 DUNKIRK 1898 ”....

1,007.21

949.16

936.195

BATH QUADRANGLE.

HAMMONDSPORT, SOUTHWEST TO -BATH, THENCE SOUTHEAST TO SAVONA.

1,103.427

Bath, county clerk’s office, at left entrance, in water table; tablet stamped “1103 OSWEGO 1899 ”...........................................

COHOCTON, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO BATH.

Wallace, Main street crossing; top of rail............................

Avoca, Main street crossing; top of rail..............................

Avoca, crossing of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, Main

street; top of rail................................................

Avoca, on southeast corner of Methodist Episcopal Church; bronze tablet stamped “ 1191 DUNKIRK”.......................................

1,230.7

1,195.6

1,193.9

1,191.664

Avoca, opposite station door; top of rail.........

Feet.

1,194.9

1,149.1

1,184.0

1,249.5

1,262.845

735.642

717.0

695.8

799.561

941.698

1,121.298

1,317.906

1,317.0

1,286.5

1,470.637

Kanona, Main street railroad crossing; top of rail

K ANON A, NOETH ALONG THE KANONA AND PRATTSBUKG RAILWAY, TO PRATTSBURG.

Kanona, north of station, at road crossing; top of rail..................

Wheeler, 50 feet north of station, at road crossing; top of rail..........

Wheeler, southeast corner of Prank Aun’s house, in cellar wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1262 DUNKIRK”.................................

NAPLES QUADRANGLE.

RU SHVTLLE, SOUTH ALONG RAILROAD TO NAPLES.

Middlesex, in water table of brick schoolhouse; bronze tablet stamped

“ 735 D ” .......................................................

Middlesex, 100 feet northeast of station, at highway crossing; top of rail. .

Parish, in front of station; top of rail................................

Naples, Presbyterian Church, in northwest corner of front, in water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 799 DUNKIRK”...........................

NAPLES., NORTHWEST ALONG HIGHWAY VIA HUNTS HOLLOW; TO COUNTY CORNER.

Pansy, 1 mile northwest of, 0.3 mile southwest of county corner, west side of road, on north retaining wall of approach to Wm. S. Washburn’s barn; bronze tablet stamped “941 DUNKIRK”......................

NAPLES; EAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO ITALY; THENCE NORTH ALONG ITALY HOLLOW ROAD TO POTTER CENTER.

Italy, Methodist Episcopal Church wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1121 DUNKIRK ” ....................................................

HUNTS HOLLOW, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO ATLANTA, THENCE SOUTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO COHOCTON.

Atlanta, Presbyterian Church, front wall, in water table; bronze tablet

stamped “1317 DUNKIRK”.......................................

Atlanta, at crossing east of station; top of rail........................

Cohocton, Main street crossing; top of rail.............................

ITALY, SOUTH TO PRATTSBURG.

Prattsburg, Presbyterian Church, in front wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1470 DUNKIRK ” ..............................................

ONTARIO. MONROE, GENESEE, WYOMING, LIVINGSTON, AND STEUBEN COUNTIES.

Batavia, Canandaigua, Caledonia, Honeoye, Nunda, and Wayland Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment. For additional -work on Caledonia and Nunda quadrangles see precise-level list, Charlotte to Hornellsville, elsewhere in this bulletin. The leveling on the Canandaigua quadrangle was done partly in 1899 under the direction of Mr. E. B. Clark, topographer, by Messrs. C. H. Semper and W. F. Hammond, level-men; the remainder of work on the Canandaigua and work on Honeoye, Wayland, and part of Caledonia and Nunda quadrangles was done in 1901 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. Semper; the remainder on Caledonia having been done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. A. C. Roberts by Mr. Wm. Kelley; the work on the Batavia and part on

Nunda quadrangle was done in 1902 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Bailey, levelman, and the remainder on Nunda quadrangle was done in 1903 under Mr. Lovell by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. The standard bench marks set in 1899 were stamped “ OSWEGO,” and those set in 1901-2 were stamped “ ROCHESTER,” in addition to figures of elevation.

CANANDAIGUA QUADRANGLE.

CANANDAIGUA, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD, TO EAST BLOOMFIELD.

Canandaigua Lake, at outlet; surface of water.........................

Canandaigua, southwest corner of court-house, in foundation wall; bronze

tablet stamped “ 766 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............................

Holcomb, in front of station; top of rail..............................

East Bloomfield, southeast corner of hotel; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1017 OSWEGO 1899 ” .............'...................................

Feet.

685.0

766.916

877

1,016.760

MANCHESTER, WEST ALONG THE LEHIGH VALLEY RAILROAD TO FISHERS, THENCE NORTH TO BUSHNELL BASIN.

Tuttles, in top of large bowlder 500 feet south of station, bronze tablet

599.596

560.099

930.898

713.594

stamped “ 599 OSWEGO 1899 ”    ..................................

Victor, 1,500 feet east of, in south end of east abutment of railway cattle pass; bronze tablet stamped “ 559 OSWGO 1899 ”....................

WHEELER, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY VIA BRAGGVILLE TO BRISTOL CENTER (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Bristol Center, northwest corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “931 OSWEGO 1899 ”..............

POINT 2 MILES EAST OF CANANDAIGUA, SOUTH ON EAST SIDE OF CANANDAIGUA LAKE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Cottage City, on Lake road, east side of Canandaigua Lake, south wall of bridge, in top of east end; bronze tablet stamped “713 OSWEGO 1899 ” .........................................................

HONEOYE QUADRANGLE.

EAST BLOOMFIELD, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD, TO GENESEE VALLEY JUNCTION.

[The error distributed as far as Honeoye Falls is excessive.]

West Bloomfield, in front of station; top of rail........................

Honeoye Falls, Church street crossing; top of rail......................

Honeoye Falls, Union Free School, front face of north end; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 657 ROCHESTER 1901”...........................

West Rush, 200 feet south of station, west face of hotel, in foundation

stone; bronze tablet stamped “571 ROCHESTER 1901”..............

West Rush, 100 feet west of station, road crossing; top of rail..........

Genesee Valley Junction (Rush Junction), grade crossing of the New York Central and Hudson River and the Erie railroads; top of rail..........

776.3

668.1

656.414

570.282

557.9

540.8

HONEOYE FALLS, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO LIVONIA CENTER, THENCE WEST TO LIVONIA, THENCE SOUTH TO SOUTH LIVONIA.

Lima, St. Rose’s School, Rochester street, west face of north end; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 849 ROCHESTER 1901”...........................

Livonia Center, Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing, near station; top of

rail ............................................................

Livonia Center, Catholic Church, front face of southwest corner; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1093 ROCHESTER 1901”..........................

Livonia, Main street crossing of Erie Railroad; top of rail..............

South Livonia, road crossing near station; top of rail..................

849.065

975.9

1,092.415

1,024

1,162.1

LIVONIA CENTER, SOUTH ALONG RAILROAD TO HEMLOCK, THENCE SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY TO HONEOYE.

Feet.

907.8

843.433

911.607

Hemlock, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Honeoye, Congregational Church on Main street in west face; bronze tablet stamped “ 844 ROCHESTER 1901” (bench mark on a short

spur line not checked)............................................

M’QUEENS CROSSING, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO LIVONIA.

South Lima, southwest corner of cold-storage building at railroad station; bronze tablet stamped “912 ROCHESTER 1901”....................

WAYLAND QUADRANGLE.

SOUTH LIVONIA, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO WAYLAND, THENCE EAST TO ATLANTA.

1,362.428

Webster Crossing, 900 feet north of station, road crossing; top of rail.... 1,339.1 Webster Crossing, Hill & Webster’s general store, north face near northeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 1363 ROCHESTER 1901 ”

POINT 2 MILES EAST OF HEMLOCK, SOUTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO SPRINGWATER.

Canadice, northwest corner of church sheds, at margin of roads, on large rock foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1569 ROCHESTER

1901 ” .........................................................

Tabor Corners, in west face of schoolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 1863 ROCHESTER 1901”.......................................

Springwater, schoolhouse on road to station, in front face of northeast corner; aluminum tablet stamped “ 970 ROCHESTER 1901”..........

1,568.855

1,862.338

969.707

WAYLAND, WEST ALONG DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO GROVELAND.

Wayland, in west face of Lackawanna schoolhouse; aluminum tablet a

stamped “ 1372 ROCHESTER 1901 ”................................

Wayland, road crossing near Delaware, Lackawanna and Western station;

top of rail......................................................

Dansville, in front of station; top of rail..............................

Dansville, station of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, southeast corner of foundation; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1024 ROCHESTER 1901 ”.....................................................

1,370.722

1,360.5

1,025.1

1,022.980

CALEDONIA QUADRANGLE.

AVON, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO M'QUEENS CROSSING.

Avon, 0.57 mile south of station, on Bath branch of Erie Railroad, bridge over highway, in west end of south abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 609 ROCHESTER”.............................................

608.977

GENESEE VALLEY JUNCTION, SOUTH ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD, TO MOUNT MORRIS.

Avon, west side of station; platform..................................

Ashantee, in front of station and creamery; top of rail..................

South Avon, road crossing near station ; top of east rail................

Geneseo, in front of station; top of east rail...........................

Geneseo, 60 feet east of Erie freight house, 5 feet south of northwest corner of Delehanty’s warehouse, in west face of foundation wall; aluminum

tablet stamped “ 602 ROCHESTER”................................

Cuylerville, road crossing; top of east rail..............................

584.0

579.8

614.3

596.2

602.290

579.2

AVON, IVEST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD VIA CALEDONIA, TO LEROY.

Avon, 1.75 miles west of, bridge over Pennsylvania Railroad; top of rail. . Caledonia, John Ball’s storehouse opposite station, in northerly face of foundation wall; aluminum tablet stamped “ 669 ROCHESTER”......

a Scboolhouse rebuilt in 1905 and tablet set at same elevation.

557.4

668.399

MOUNT MORRIS, NORTHWEST ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD VIA GREIGSVILLE, TO LINWOOD.

Leicester, foundation wall of town hall, set in easterly face, 12 feet from

northeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “661 ROCHESTER”.........

Leicester, highway crossing; north rail...............................

Greigsville, in front of station; top of north rail.......................

Craigs, highway crossing; top of north rail............................

Craigs, 50 feet west of station, on north side of track, near southwest corner of foundation wall of storehouse, on southerly face; bronze tablet

stamped “ 866 ROCHESTER”.....................................

Linwood, in front of station; north rail...............................

660.404

656.2

762.0

865.0

865.988

933.2

HIGHWAY WEST TO HARRIS.

Leroy junction of the Erie and the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg railroads: top of rail................................................

Leroy, “ Church crossing ” of Erie Railroad, at southwest corner of, at northeast corner of malthouse lettered “ D,” in easterly face; bronze tablet stamped “ 869 ROCHESTER”...............................

Feet.

862.50

868.385

NUNDA QUADRANGLE.

GROVELAND, ALONG THE DELAWARE, LACKAWANNA AND WESTERN RAILROAD, TO MOUNT MORRIS.

Groveland, first crossing east of station, north side of Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad, in top of wall of cottage just east of steps;

bronze tablet stamped “ 601 ROCHESTER”..........................

Groveland, in front of station; top of rail............................

Mount Morris, grade crossing of the Erie and the Delaware, Lackawanna

and Western railroads; top of rail.................................

Mount Morris 1 mile north of, Delaware, Lackawanna and Western junction, grade crossing of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway; top of north rail.................................................

600.780

588.9

574.2

587.6

MOUNT MORRIS, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO GIBSONVILLE (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Mount Morris, Scoville House, in doorsill at north side of front entrance;

bronze tablet stamped “’627 ROCHESTER”.........................

Gibsonville, at road forks near old store, in bowlder sunk in ground; bronze tablet stamped “ 726 ROCHESTER”.........................

627.144

726.182

CANASERAGA, NORTH ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO OSSIAN (SINGLESPUR LINE).

Ossian, east corner of foundation wall of Dr. T. H. Lamont’s residence; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1345 ALBANY 1903 ”....................

1,343.826

BATAVIA QUADRANGLE.

LEROY, WEST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD TO BATAVIA, THENCE SOUTH TO ATTICA.

Stafford, crossing just west of station; top of north rail................

Batavia (Attica branch of New York Central) 0.5 mile from station, in northeast abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 893 ROCHESTER” ..................................................

900.4

892.386

ATTICA, ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD EAST TO LINDEN, THENCE SOUTH TO WARSAW.

Dale, 0.25 mile north of station, in southeast abutment of railroad bridge

over highway; bronze tablet stamped “ 1208 ROCHESTER”...........

Dale, in front of station; top of rail..................................

1,207.654

1,215.0

Warsaw, 1 mile north of, 400 feet north of intersection with road north and south, in east wall of pipe culvert; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1008 ROCHESTER ” .............................v....................

Feet.

1,008.684

954.333

953.237

887.0

WARSAW, NORTH ALONG THE BUFFALO, ROCHESTER AND PITTSBURG RAILWAY, VIA PEARL CREEK AND PAVILION CENTER, TO LEROY.

Pearl Creek, 800 feet north of station, southeast abutment of railroad

bridge over creek; bronze tablet stamped “ 954 ROCHESTER’’........

Pavilion Center, 400 feet south of, bridge over highway, in top of west end

of north wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 953 ROCHESTER”............

Leroy, West Main street crossing; top of rail..........................

ALLEGANY, ERIE, GENESEE, LIVINGSTON, AND WYOMING COUNTIES.

Angelica, Attica, Buffalo, Depew, Franklinville, and Portage Quadrangles.

Th elevations in the following list are based upon the 1903 adjustment of the precise-level net. The leveling was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, except a portion on Angelica quadrangle, which was done under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks are stamped with the letters “ ALBANY ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

ATTICA QUADRANGLE.

ATTICA, ALONG RAILROAD SOUTH TO VARYSBURG, THENCE ALONG

Attica, 0.2 mile west of station, on south side of Erie Railroad, in east abutment of railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 990 ROCHESTER ”    .........................................................

Arcade, railroad crossing; top of rail.................................

Varysburg, southeast corner of foundation wall of Baptist Church; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1113 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

Harris, north side of road, about 35 feet south of T. Dorshide’s hotel, in large rock; bronze tablet stamped “ 1306 ALBANY 1903 ”.....:......

Feet

990.187

974.

1,113.072

1,305.795

CRITTENDEN, EAST ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD TO CORFU, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAY TO DARIEN, THENCE EAST ALONG RAILROAD TO ATTICA.

Crittenden, 0.2 mile east of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at

milestone 419 ...................................................

Crittenden, 1.2 miles east of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at

milestone 418 ...................................................

Corfu,    2.1    miles    west    of;    New    York    Central    Railroad    bench    mark    at

milepost 417

Corfu,    1.1    miles    west    of;    New    York    Central    Railroad    bench    mark    at

milestone 416 ...................................................

Corfu,    0.1    mile    west    of;    New    York    Central    Railroad    bench    mark    at

milestone 415 ...................................................

Corfu,    southwest    corner of    foundation    wall of    Catholic    Church; bronze

tablet stamped “ 854 ALBANY 1903 ” (bench mark on single-spur

line) ...........................................................

Lehigh Valley Railroad crossing; top of rail...........................

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad crossing; top of rail........

Darien Center, southeast corner of foundation wall of Allegheny Hotel;

aluminum tablet stamped “1011 ALBANY 1903 ”....................

Darien, Erie Railroad station; top of rail.............................

846.89

856.00

878.36

873.28

862.92

854.445

878

909

1,011.207

1,011.8

Feet.

Griswold, 500 feet southwest of station, north side of track; coping stone

of abutment of railroad bridge.....................................

Griswold, road crossing at station; top of rail........................

1,032.86

1,036

DEPEW QUADRANGLE.

DARIEN, WEST ALONG ERIE RAILROAD TO ALDEN.

Alden, in foundation of standpipe of village waterworks; aluminum tablet stamped “ 865 ALBANY 1903 ”....................................

865.582

HARRIS, ALONG HIGHWAY WEST TO ORCHARD PARK.

Wales Center, 2.2 miles east of north end of west abutment of iron bridge. 1,045.70 Wales Center, 150 feet east of covered bridge, northeast corner of foundation wall of George Reiver’s residence; aluminum tablet stamped “898

ALBANY 1903 ”.................................................

East Aurora, in brick wall to left of main entrance of scboolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped “ 926 ALBANY 1903 ’’..........................

East Aurora, 1.5 miles west of, iron bridge across Cazenovia Creek; end of

west abutment...................................................

Orchard Park, southeast corner of Briggs Brothers block, in brick foundation; aluminum tablet a stamped “ 868 ALBANY 1903 ”..............

897.753

926.235

832.61

868.933

EAST AURORA, NORTHWEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD AND HIGHWAY TO EBENEZER.

Elma station, Elma Center post-office road crossing; top of rail..........

Spring Brook, railroad crossing; top of rail............................

Blossom (Upper Ebenezer), in foundation wall of schoolhouse, District No. 8; aluminum tablet stamped “ 672 ALBANY 1903 ”..............

814.2

748

672.087

WILLIAMSVILLE, EAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD VIA CLARENCE TO MILLGROVE.

Williamsville, northwest corner of foundation wall of Mansion House; bronze

tablet stamped “ 665 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

Clarence, main entrance of Parker High School; aluminum tablet stamped

“ 752 ALBANY 1903 ” ...........................................

Millgrove, 1.1 miles north of; east end of north abutment of small bridge. .

665.022

752.704

777.45

MILLGROVE ALONG THE NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD TO CRITTENDEN.

Wende, road crossing at station; top of rail...........................

Wende, 1.1 miles east of station; New York Central Railroad bench mark

at milepost 421..................................................

Crittenden, 0.8 mile west of; New York Central Railroad bench mark at milestone 420.................................................

791

811.38

825.56

BUFFALO QUADRANGLE.

EBENEZER, NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO WILLIAMSVILLE.

Ebenezer, railroad crossing at station; top of rail......................

Gardenville, 100 feet north of iron bridge at street crossing; rock on northwest corner.....................................................

Erie Railroad crossing; top of rail....................................

Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad crossing; top of rail. v. ..... ,

Forks, 0.2 mile west of station, south side of New York Central tracks, Evangelical Church, to right of main entrance, in foundation wall; bronze

tablet stamped “ 662 ALBANY 1903 ”............

New York Central Railroad bench mark at milepost 433 New York Central Railroad bench mark at monument No. 90. . .... . . .

a This elevation is by a single line from a checked elevation .^t Big Tree, which is nearer than East Aurora, from which also by single line an ejection 0.9 foot less was derived.

636.3

630.57

636

641

662.079

657.69

654.75

PORTAGE QUADRANGLE.

NUNDA, WEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD TO PORTAGE, THENCE NORTH ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO SILVER LAKE JUNCTION, THENCE NORTHEAST ALONG THE SILVER LAKE RAILWAY TO PERRY, THENCE WEST OVER PUBLIC ROAD TO SOUTH WARSAW, THENCE NORTH ALONG THE BUFFALO, ROCHESTER AND PITTSBURG RAILWAY TO WARSAW.

Feet.

Portageville post-office, west end of south abutment of Pennsylvania Railroad bridge across Genesee River; bronze tablet stamped “ 1131 ALBANY

1903 ”........................................................

Castile, southwest corner of coping stone of water plug; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1395 ALBANY 1903 ”...................................

Castile, in front of station; top of rail................................

Summit, highest point of Erie Railroad (Buffalo division); top of rail.... 1,424.4

Silver Springs, road crossing at station; top of rail....................

Silver Lake Junction, about 500 feet west of, north side of Erie track, in pier of Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway bridge; bronze tablet

stamped “1401 ALBANY 1903 ” (on single-spur line)................

Cbace station, road crossing; top of rail...............................

Fairview, in front of station ; top of rail...............................

Perry, road crossing; top of rail......................................

Perry, north end of west abutment of railroad bridge at station, in top

stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 1362 ALBANY 1903 ”.................

South Warsaw, north end of east abutment of bridge across Oatka Creek;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1066 ALBANY 1903 ”. . . .....................

Warsaw, road crossing at station; top of rail..........................

1,131.174

1,394.847

1,395

1,402

1,401.533

1,370

1,364

1,366

1,362.365

1,065.823

1,116

SOUTH WARSAW, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO WETHERSFIELD SPRINGS, THENCE SOUTH VIA HARDYS TO PIKE, THENCE EAST TO PORTAGE.

Wethersfield Springs, culvert at west side of road; top of stone..........

Hermitage, 250 feet north of road leading to Gainesville, 300 feet west of East Koy Creek, 200 feet north of Blodgett’s office, in bowlder; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1658 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

Hardys, in front of station; top of rail................................

Pike Five Corners west end of south abutment of iron bridge............

Pike, iron bridge across Wiscoy Creek, about center of eas': abutment,

north side of driveway; bronze tablet stamped “ 1546 ALBANY 1903 ”.. 1,545.986

1,720.606

1,658.056

1,686.1

1,595.769

ANGELICA QUADRANGLE.

PORTAGE, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD TO CUBA. Fillmore, main entrance of Dingman House, coping stone of stone wall;

aluminum tablet stamped “1213 ALBANY 1903 ”....................

Houghton, road crossing at station; top of rail.........................

Caneadea, 0.6 mile north of, west side of track, old canal lock; foundation

rock..........................................................

Caneadea, road crossing; top of rail..................................

Caneadea, 500 feet south of station, west end of north abutment of railroad

bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “1236 ALBANY 1903 ”..............

Oramel, road crossing at station; top of rail...........................

Belfast, 2.1 miles south of, west side of track at railroad crossing; top

stone of culvert .................................................

Black Creek, road crossing at station; top of rail......................

Black Creek, southwest corner of foundation wall of Congregational Church; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1517 ALBANY 1903 ”....................

1,213.069

1,210

1,228.856

1,238

1,236.916

1,264

1,350.810

1,489

1,517.944

CANEADEA, EAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO ALLEN CENTER (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Allen Center, 0.2 mile west of, north side of road, in foundation wall of

Wm. Burk’s residence; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1636 ALBANY 1903 ” 1,636.169

BELFAST, SOUTHEAST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO BELVIDERE, THENCE ALONG ERIE RAILROAD TO BELMONT.

Feet.

Belfast, corner of Main street, northeast corner of foundation to Belfast

House; aluminum tablet stamped “1313 ALBANY 1903 “..............

Angelica, crossing at station ; top of rail..............................

1,313.140

1,440

Angelica, foundation of Shawmut railroad office building on Depot street;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1440 ALBANY 1903 ” (on single-spur line). 1,439.990 Belvidere, foundation wall under bay window of Mrs. S. H. Whitcomb’s residence, aluminum tablet stamped “ 1371 ALBANY 1903 ”

1,371.272

FRANKLINVILLE QUADRANGLE,

1,517.343

CANEADEA, WEST ALONG PUBLIC ROAD TO RUSHFORD (ON SPUR LINE). Rusbford, northeast corner of foundation wall of schoolhouse; aluminum tablet stamped “1517 ALBANY 1903 ”..............................

ALLEGANY AND CATTARAUGUS COUNTIES.

Belmont, Olean, and Salamanca Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list result from a readjustment of leveling reported in the Appendixes to the Eighteenth and Twentieth Annual Reports of the Director, United States Geological Survey. For additional elevations on these quadrangles refer to “ Precise-level line Dunkirk to Albany.” The leveling on Olean and Belmont quadrangles was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. F. Sutton, topographer; that on Salamanca quadrangle was done in 1897 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, both by Mr. E. L. McNair, topographer. The standard bench marks on Olean and Belmont quadrangles are stamped with figures of elevation, mostly 7 feet too great, and without datum letters, and those on Salamanca quadrangle were stamped with letter “ S,” and figures of elevation 5 feet too great. These errors are due to the erroneous railroad datums used when field work was done.

BELMONT QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

1,596.063

CUBA, SOUTHEAST TO CLARKSVILLE.

Clarksville, at M. M. Congdon’s residence, in stone borse block; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1604 ft.”..........................

OLEAN QUADRANGLE.

OLEAN, SOUTHEAST TO PORTVILLE, THENCE NORTHEAST TO CLARKSVILLE.

Olean, in front of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway station;

top of rail.......................................................

Olean, city building, Union street side, in foundation stone just beneath water table in northwest corner of building; bronze tablet stamped

“ 1459 ”.......................................................

Westons Mills, Haskell Creek highway bridge, near southeast corner of

east abutment; top of coping stone..................................

Allegheny River highway bridge; west end of north abutment............

Portville, in front of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway station;

top of rail......................................................

Portville, Presbyterian Church, in upper stone step at entrance; copper

bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1438 Ft.”..........................

Obi, 1 mile southwest of, Seventh Day Baptist Church, 85 feet from church doors, 10 feet from center of road, 3 feet from fence, on land belonging to Mrs. E. B. Adams, in large flat rock, on west side of road; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M. 1547 ft.”..........................

1,428.5

1,451.790

1,425.79

1,433.05

1,436.4

1,432.143

1,539.910

SALAMANCA QUADRANGLE.

SOUTH VANDALIA SOUTHEAST THROUGH CHIPMUNK OIL FIELDS, TO KNAPP CREEK.

Chipmunk, 0.8 mile south of, 55 feet south of road east and 140 feet north of M. Kelly’s white house, 2 feet outside of fence on west side of

1,524.144

2,342.1

road; copper bolt in bowlder stamped “ 1529 Ft. S.”..................

Knapp Creek in front of electric-railroad station; top of rail............

CARROLLTON, SOUTH VIA LIMESTONE TO NEW YORK-PENNSYLVANIA STATE LINE.

South Carrollton, 1.2 miles south of, iron highway bridge crossing Allegheny

River, on bridge abutment 8 feet from southeast corner; chiseled square. 1,397.23 South Carrollton, 2 miles south of, 4 miles north of Limestone, in large bowlder nearly buried in ground on west side of road, between it and ditch, near entrances to pasture fields on each side of road; copper bolt

1,405.718

OLEAN, NORTH VIA HINSDALE TOWARD ISCHUA.

Hinsdale, 1.5 miles south of Olean Creek Bridge, Faye Hollow Highway, in capstone of bridge foundation; copper bolt stamped “ U. S. G. S. B. M.

1449 ft.”........................................................

Scott, 2.1 miles north of, west side of Hinsdale-Ischau road, in base of stone wall, under south side of barn of Harris Johnson, in large fiat stone; copper bolt stamped “U. S. G, S. B. M. 1544 Ft.”..............

Feet.

1,442.079

1,536.378

stamped “ 1410 Ft. S ”...........................................

Limestone, 2 miles south of, 9 feet from southwest corner of iron bridge

over stream just inside State line, in stone abutment; chiseled square. .. . 1,413.47 Limestone, 2.3 miles south of, on west side of road, near oil derrick, opposite telephone pole 6050, on top of State-line monument; chiseled square. 1,450.83

KILLBUCK, NORTHEAST TO GREAT VALLEY, THENCE EAST TO HUMPHREY.

Killbuck, 3.9 miles north of, at southwest corner of iron bridge across Wrights Creek at about 0.25 mile above its junction with Great Valley

Creek, in stone abutment; copper bolt stamped “ 1456 Ft. S”..........

Great Valley, 2 52 miles southeast of, northwest corner of iron bridge across

Wrights Creek, near a white church, on stone abutment; chiseled square. 1,513.61 Humphrey, 1.7 miles west of, 4 feet from southeast corner of iron bridge

across Wrights Creek, on stone abutment; chiseled square............

Humphrey, W. J. Sherman’s hotel, in stone doorstep in front of porch, west side; copper bolt stamped “ 1626 Ft. S ”............................

1,451.923

1,548.98

1,621.444

CATTARAUGUS AND CHAUTAUQUA COUNTIES.

Chautauqua, Cherry Creek, Clymer, Dunkirk, Jamestown, Northeast, Red-house, and Westfield Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon an aluminum tablet in the water table of St. Mary’s Home and School at Dunkirk, the elevation of which is now accepted as 598.937 feet above mean sea level. A portion of the work here given was previously reported in the Appendix to the Twentieth Annual Report of the Director United States Geological Survey, pages 310-313. For additional elevations on Cherry Creek and Redhouse quadrangles see “ Precise leveling.”

The leveling on Dunkirk, Cherry Creek, and Westfield quadrangles was done in 1898 under the direction of Mr. Frank Sutton, topographer, by Mr. E. L. Faison, levelman; that on Clymer, Chautauqua, and most of Jamestown quadrangles was done in 1902 under the direction of Mr- A. C. Roberts, topographer, by Mr. G. M. Dimmick, levelman, except part on Chautauqua quad-

rangle done by Mr. Wm. Kelley, levelman; and work on Kedhouse and the remainder on Chautauqua quadrangle was done in 1903 under the direction of Mr. W. H. Lovell, topographer, by Mr. Geo. Seidel, levelman. All standard bench marks are stamped with “ D ” or “ DUNKIRK ” in addition to figures of elevation.

DUNKIRK QUADRANGLE.

DUNKIRK TO FREDONIA, ALONG THE DUNKIRK, ALLEGHENY VALLEY AND PITTSBURG RAILROAD.

Dunkirk, extreme northwest corner of Nelson block; top of water table. . . . Dunkirk, Elk street crossing of Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway;

top of rail....................................................

Dunkirk, 2 miles south of, Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg Railroad

culvert No. 3; extreme northwest corner............................

Fredonia, in front of Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg Railroad station; top of rail...............................................

Feet.

588.866

594.6

664.37

767.8

FREDONIA, VIA LAONA, LILLYDALE, CASSADAGA, AND STOCKTON, TO MAYVILLE.

Laona, on west side of railroad bridge over Canadaway Creek, in top stone of

north abutment; bronze tablet stamped “817 D”....................

Lillydale, 1.5 miles north of, southwest corner of abutment, south end of

Skidmore viaduct; chiseled square..................................

Lillydale, in front of Dunkirk, Allegheny Valley and Pittsburg station; top

of rail.......................'..................................

Stockton, 500 feet west of Chriss’s Hotel, east side of stone foundation of blacksmith shop on Mayville street, 4 feet above ground; bronze tablet

stamped “ 1316 D ”..............................................

Mayville, at Jamestown Junction, west side of cemetery, highway bridge over Black Brook, in top stone at north end of east abutment; bronze

tablet stamped “ 1324 D”........................................

Mayville, top of bottom' step of front of court-house; chiseled square......

Mayville, schoolhouse grounds, in north meridian monument; bronze tablet stamped “ 1500 D (?)”........................................

Mayville, schoolhouse grounds, in south meridian monument; bronze tablet stamped ‘ 1499 D ” (?)...........................................

817.926

1,295.60

1,312.9

1,317.521

1,324.865

1,462.49

1,500.670

1,499.500

JAMESTOWN JUNCTION, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE JAMESTOWN, CHAUTAUQUA AND LAKE ERIE RAILWAY, TO WOOGLIN.

Hartfleld; top of station platform...........

Wooglin, in front of station; top of south rail

1,315.7

1,350.2

WEST PORTLAND, NORTHEAST VIA BROCTON TO FREDONIA.

West Portland, on northeast corner of second step of red brick church; cross

mark..............................................'...........

Brocton, at crossing of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway; top

of rail.........................................................

Brocton, 1 mile north of, 0.25 mile east of station, in south side of center pier of double arch (stone) of Lake Shore Railway bridge over Slippery

Rock Creek; copper bolt stamped “ 667 D ”..........................

Fredonia, south entrance to clothing store in Columbia Hotel; top of south stone step......................................................

774.75

745.1

668.518

728.52

CHERRY CREEK QUADRANGLE.

CASSADAGA, EAST TO CHERRY CREEK.

Charlotte Center, 1.6 miles east of, 640 feet east of road turning off south, in stone 12 feet north of road, 6 inches above ground; copper bolt stamped “ 1915 D ”...............................................

Feet.

Cherry Creek, in west side of north abutment of Main street iron bridge

over Cherry Creek; copper bolt stamped “ 1309 D”..................

Cherry Creek, 400 feet south of station, northwest corner of abutment of plate-girder bridge over Erie Railroad; cross mark on top............

1,310.510

1,293.77

CHEERY CREEK, NORTHWEST VIA ARKWRIGHT TO LAONA.

Arkwright Center, 0.9 mile east of, 15 feet north of center of road, large

stone in place, 2 feet above ground; copper bolt stamped “ 1570 D . 1,571.006

WESTFIELD QUADRANGLE.

MAYFIELD, NORTH TO PROSPECT, THENCE WEST TO WESTFIELD, THENCE NORTHEAST TO WEST PORTLAND.

1,214.183

748.900

Prospect, foundation of Western New York and Pennsylvania Railway station, in northeast corner; bronze tablet stamped “ 1213 D ”............

Westfield, in northwest corner of masonry foundation of public-school building, 2.5 feet above ground; bronze tablet stamped “ 748 D ”........

MAYVILLE, WEST TO VOLUSIA.

1,556.785

1,298.010

Volusia, foundation of Methodist Church, in front face of south side; bronze tablet stamped “ 1557 DUNKIRK 1902 ”............................

REDIIOUSE QUADRANGLE.

KENNEDY', EAST ALONG RAILROAD TO RANDOLPH (SINGLE-SPUR LINE).

Randolph, west end of north abutment of bridge west of station, top stone; bronze tablet stamped “ 1298 DUNKIRK”..........................

JAMESTOWN QUADRANGLE.

JAMESTOWN, NORTHEAST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO CHERRY CREEK.

Jamestown, 1.42 miles east of, railroad bridge over Chatauqua Outlet, on

center of west abutment; square..................................

Kennedy, 750 feet south of station, east end of north abutment of Brie

Railroad bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 1257 DUNKIRK 1902 ”.,.... 1,257.353

1,260.6 1,282.8

Kennedy, in front of station; top of east rail

Conewango, in front of station; top of east rail........................

Conewango, residence of Doctor Smith, north face, east end, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 1293 DUNKIRK 1902 ”................

1,302.34

1,293.321

FALCONER, NORTH ALONG THE DUNKIRK, ALLEGHENY VALLEY AND PITTSBURG RAILROAD TO GERRY, THENCE ALONG HIGHWAY EAST TO ELLINGTON.

Falconer, 500 feet south of station, top of east end of north abutment of

1,257.717

1,296.1

bridge; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1258 DUNKIRK 1902 ”............

Gerry, in front of station; top of east rail..............................

1,379.945

Gerry, in foundation wall of schoolhouse, District No. 1, 9 feet from southeast corner, east face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1309 DUNKIRK 1902 ”. . 1,308.729 Ellington, foundation wall of Congregational Church, in north face of east end; bronze tablet stamped “ 1380 DUNKIRK 1902 ”

• JAMESTOWN, SOUTHEAST ALONG HIGHWAY VIA KIANTONE TO FENTONVILLE (CHECKED BY LINE FROM PENNSYLVANIA).

Kiantone (6 miles southeast of Jamestown), in foundation wall of church,

center of south face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1493 DUNKIRK”.... 1,493.126

Fentonville, road crossing; top of rail..........................•......

Fentonville, 500 feet east of station, northwest corner of foundation wall of Ira Adam’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 1255 DUNKIRK”........

1,248

1,255.414

CHAUTAUQUA QUADRANGLE.

Feet.

1.323.2

1.314.3

1.317.7

1.319.8 1,315.0 1,313.0 1,323.0

1.358.8

1,345.529

1.316.6 1,321.0

1.321.6 1,323.5 1,318.9

1.324.3 1,313.0 1,308

1.311.3

1,758.450

WOOGLIN, SOUTHEAST ALONG THE JAMESTOWN, CHAUTAUQUA AND LAKE ERIE RAILWAY, VIA CHAUTAUQUA POINT, TO JAMESTOWN

Chautauqua Point, in front of station; top of south rail.................

Dewittville, in front of station; top of south rail........................

Dewittville, foundation wall of Methodist Church, 7.5 feet west of southeast

corner, in southern side; bronze tablet stamped “1319 DUNKIRK”.... 1,319.864

1,314.4

Starr Farm, in front of station; top of south rail......................

Midway Grove; top of south rail....................................

Midway, highway crossing near station; top of south rail................

Warners, in front of station; top of south rail........................

Giffords, in front of station; top of south rail..........................

Bay View, in front 'of station platform; top of south rail................

Bemus Point, in front of station; top of south rail......................

Bemus Point, 440 feet south of station, west side of Cemetery street, on the southerly side of A. G. Barrett’s residence, in foundation wall of bay

window; bronze tablet stamped “ 1345 DUNKIRK”..................

Phillips Mills, in front of station; top of south rail....................

Colburns, in    front of    station;    top    of    south    rail........................

Belleview, in    front of    station;    top    of    south    rail........................

Driftwood, in    front of    station;    top    of    south    rail........................

Griffith, in front of station; top of south rail.........................

Greenhurst, in front of station; top of south rail........................

Fluvanna, in front of station; top of south rail.........................

Fluvanna, Chautauqua Lake, June 13, 1902; water surface..............

Jamestown, Isabella avenue; top of south rail..........................

BEMUS POINT, ALONG HIGHWAY NORTHEAST TO ELLERY (SINGLESPUR LINE).

Ellery, Cowden Brothers’ store, in foundation wall, north face; bronze tablet stamped “ 175'8 DUNKIRK 1902 ”............................

JAMESTOWN, SOUTHWEST ALONG THE ERIE RAILROAD TO BROKEN-STRAW (GRANT STATION), THENCE NORTH ALONG HIGHWAY TO PANAMA, THENCE WEST TO NORTH CLYMER.

Jamestown, 3,750 feet west of, north end of west abutment of Erie Railroad bridge over Chautauqua Outlet, in top step but one; bronze tablet

1,324.462

1,352.1

1,361.810

1,353.3

1,452.7

1,465.04

1,550.667

stamped “ 1324 DUNKIRK 1902 ”.................................

Lakewood, highway crossing near station; top of north rail.............

Lakewood, post-office, on east side of Chautauqua avenue, 4 feet east of southwest corner of R. H. Maxim’s building (post-office), on south side;

aluminum tablet stamped “ 1362 DUNKIRK”.......................

Ashville, in front of station; north rail...............................

Watts Flats, in front of station; top of north rail......................

Brokenstraw, 3.18 miles northwest of, bridge over Brokenstraw Creek, on

east end of north abutment; chiseled square..........................

Panama, Hotel Berny, north face, east corner, in water table; aluminum tablet stamped “1551 DUNKIRK”................................

CLYMER QUADRANGLE.

CLYMER, NORTH ALONG THE WESTERN NEW YORK AND PENNSYLVANIA RAILWAY, TO MAYVILLE.

1,472.1

1,582.091

1,562.0

1,581.5

1,638.7

1,314.2

1,310

Clymer, in front of station; top of east rail............................

North Clymer, east end of foundation wall of Methodist Episcopal Church,

south face, bronze tablet stamped “ 1582 DUNKIRK 1902 ”............

Panama (North Clymer), in front of station; top of east rail............

Sherman, in front of station; top of north rail....................

Summerdale, at highway crossing; top of east rail......................

Mayville, in front of station; top of east rail...........................

Mayville, Chautauqua Lake; water surface...........................

SHERMAN STATION, WEST TO SHERMAN (SINGLE-SPUE LINE).

Sherman, 0.72 mile west of station, highway bridge over Finch Creek, west end of north abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 1538 DUNKIRK 3802 ”.........................................................

Feet.

.1,538.226

CLYMEE, WEST ALONG HIGHWAY TO MARVIN, THENCE NOETH TO POINT 9 MILES NOETH OF FINDLAY LAKE, THENCE INDIRECTLY EASTWARD TO POINT 3 MILES WEST OF MAYVILLE.

Clymer, 1.3 miles west of station, west end of foundation wall of Baptist

Church, front face; bronze tablet stamped “ 1468 DUNKIRK 1902 ”.... 1,468.349 Marvin, 0.6 miles north of, highway bridge over Finch Creek, top of north

end of west abutment; bronze tablet stamped “ 1388 DUNKIRK 1902 ”. . 1,387.907

Findlay Lake, Aug. 9, 1903; water surface..!.........................

Findlay Lake, west corner of foundation wall of Methodist Church, in front face; aluminum tablet stamped “ 1429 DUNKIRK 1902 ” ............

1,421

1,428.655

NORTHEAST QUADRANGLE.

Stateline (village), 2.2 miles south of, 1,000 feet south of three corners, in east end of north abutment of small bridge; bronze tablet stamped “ 1293 DUNKIRK 1902 ” ...............................................

1,293.049

GENESEE AND MONROE COUNTIES.

Brockport and Hamlin Quadrangles.

The elevations published in the following list are based on a bronze tablet set in the foundation wall of the Normal School at Brockport and stamped “ B 538.” The elevation of this bench mark above mean sea level is derived from the nearest bench mark of the State engineer. The height of this bench mark is now accepted as 539.231 feet above mean sea level. The work was previously reported upon in the Appendix to the Nineteenth Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey.

The leveling was done in 1897 under the direction of Messrs. J. H. Jennings and E. B. Clark, topographers, by Mr. E. L. McNair, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped with the letter “ B ” in addition to figures of elevation.

HAMLIN QUADRANGLE.

BEOCKPOET, NOETH TO HAMLIN, THENCE EAST TO HILTON, THENCE .    SOUTH TO SPENCEEPOET.

Feet.

Hamlin, Hamlin House, .6 feet from southwest corner, in ground inside

fence; iron post stamped “B 337 ”................................

Hilton, house of Dr. J. J. Williams, in foundation wall under bay window; bronze tablet stamped “B 284”...................................

337.707

285.259

BROCKPORT QUADRANGLE.

AT SPENCEEPOET.

Spencerport, Amity street, Bridge, No. 99, in center of abutment facing

towpath and canal; bronze tablet stamped “514 B”..................

Spencerport, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; southeast corner of doorstep at east end of building.......................

Spencerport, at east end of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; top of rail................................................

514.749

528.96

526.3

BEOCKPOET, SOUTH TO POINT 1 MILE SOUTH OF SWEDEN CENTER.

510.690

Brockport, east end of towpath abutment of Park avenue canal bridge; lower step (Erie Canal B. M. No. 107, State engineer’s B. M. No. 475)..

Feet.

Brockport Normal School, in foundation wall in front of office; bronze

tablet stamped " 538 B”.........................................

Brockport water tower, on stone foundation, west side; chiseled square.... Sweden Center, 1 mile south of, at Geo. W. Way’s residence, in foundation wall under bay window; bronze tablet stamped “ 639 B ”. .............

539.231

607.83

640.191

Spue Lines Fkom Corrected Railroad Levels op Doubtful Value.

AT BERGEN.

Bergen, West Shore Railroad crossing; top of rail......................

Bergen, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station; top of

rail...........................................................

Bergen, New York Central and Hudson River Railroad station, in doorstep of baggage room; bronze tablet stamped “ 604 B ”....................

580.4

604.1

604.959

SOUTHWARD FROM CHILI STATION (NEW YORK CENTRAL RAILROAD).

562.174

559 471

Chili station, 380 feet east of, south side of main line of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, in south end of old culvert abutment at southwest corner of flagman’s shanty; bronze tablet stamped “ 561 B ”.

Chili station, 2.5 miles south of, 1.25 miles south of Buckbee Corner, under southeast corner of dwelling house of John Groves, west of road, in foundation wall; bronze tablet stamped “ 558 B”....................

AT CHURCHVILLE.

Churchville, 800 feet east of station; west abutment of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge No. 721 (railroad company’s bench

mark).........................................................

Churchville, in front of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad

station ; top of rail...............................................

Churchville, West Shore Railroad crossing; top of rail..................

Churchville, Union School building, at right side of main entrance; bronze tablet stamped “ 615 B ”..........................................

564.57

569.0

569.6

615.633

ERIE, GENESEE, NIAGARA, AND ORLEANS COUNTIES.

Albion, Lockport, Medina, Oak Orchard, Olcott, and Ridgeway Quadrangles.

The elevations in the following list are based upon a bronze tablet set in the front wall, east of door of Niagara street entrance to Niagara County court-house, at Lockport, stamped “ 616.” The elevation of this bench mark, 615.183 feet above mean sea level, is based on the nearest State engineer’s bench mark. This list was previously published in the Appendix to the Eighteenth Annual Report of the Director, United States Geological Survey. The elevations there listed have been corrected by the addition of about 1 foot. The leveling was done in 1896 under the direction of Mr. Frank Sutton, topographer, by Mr. E. I. McNair, levelman. The standard bench marks are stamped without datum letters, but with figures of elevation mostly 1 foot too great.

OLCOTT QUADRANGLE.

LOCKPORT, NORTH 6.5 MILES, THENCE EAST TO HARTLAND, THENCE SOUTH TO GASPORT.

Ridgeroad, 1.5 miles northwest of, on road running east and west, 3 miles north of Wrights Corners, District No. 16, 30 feet southeast of school-

house, on granite bowlder, copper bolt stamped “ 363 ft.”..............

Hartland, 0.75 mile north of, in front of W. T. Curtiss’s house on west side of road, in line of ditch, in granite bowlder nearly embedded in ground; copper bolt stamped “ 376 ft.”..............................

Feet.

362.466

375.21

LOCKPORT QUADRANGLE.

AT GASPORT.

Gasport, Erie Canal bridge No. 152, in north end of east abutment; copper bolt stamped “ 521 ft.”............................................

LOCKPORT, SOUTHEAST TO DYSINGER CORNERS, THENCE NORTH TO ORANGEPORT.

Feet.

520.256

Lockport, in front of Niagara County court-house, east of main door,

Niagara street entrance; bronze tablet stamped “616 ft.”............

Dysinger Corners, William Dysinger’s red barn, in southwest corner of

foundation; bronze tablet stamped “ 628 ft.”.........................

McNalls Corners, on northwest corner of road crossing, southeast corner of doorstep of large brick house; chiseled square.....................

615.183

627.697

659.01

AT PENDLETON.

581.160

Pendleton, Sulphur Springs guard lock bridge No. 168, in north end of east pier; copper bolt stamped “ 582 ft.”............................

BENCH MARKS SET PROM OLD RAILROAD LEVELS, CORRECTED (VALUE DOUBTFUL).

Transit (East Amherst post-office), 700 feet west of station, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, south side of Bridge No. 119, in west abutment next to lower step;

588.554

copper bolt stamped “ 587 ”.......................................

638.070

East Clarence, 2,400 feet east of, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of New York Central and Hudson River Railroad bridge No. 114, at south end of east abutment, in coping stone; copper bolt stamped “ 639 ". . .......

RIDGEWAY QUADRANGLE.

ON CIRCUITS TIED TO CANAL BENCH MARKS.

Jeddo, 153 feet from doorway of Adventist Church, 50 feet from doorway of schoolhouse, in road corners in top of bowlder 3.3 feet high; copper

bolt stamped “421”..............................................

Oak Orchard, 6 feet from southwest corner of iron bridge across Oak Orchard Creek, 1,000 feet east of post-office, in abutment; copper bolt

stamped “ 370 ” .................................................

Eagle Harbor, Gaines Town, Erie Canal bridge No. 131, in lower step of east wing, towpath side; copper bolt stamped “516” (Barge canal 516.899)    ...................................................

419.927

369.588

515.715

MEDINA QUADRANGLE.

ON CIRCUITS TIED TO CANAL BENCH MARKS.

Middleport, Erie Canal bridge No. 145, in north foundation under center of bridge and facing towpath and canal; bronze tablet stamped “ 519 ”. . Medina, Prospect Street Bridge No. 140, lower step, east end, north side of Erie Canal; copper bolt stamped “ 518 ”..........................

ELEVATIONS DETERMINED FROM NEW YORK STATE SURVEY LEVELS OF 1883, CORRECTED.

518.458

517.189

East Shelby, at southwest corner of Methodist Episcopal Church, in bowlder ;

copper bolt stamped “ 668 ”.......................................

Shelby Town, 125 feet north of Coons Bridge, east side of road between East and West Shelby, in top of bowlder 3 feet high ; copper bolt stamped

667.547

“ 616 ”

615.756

Wheatville, 200 feet north of road crossing, 3 feet east of fence line, under northwest corner of red barn of John Waterstreet, in granite bowlder; .copper bolt stamped “ 669 ”..,...    ................... ............

668.182

Alabama station, 4 miles northwest of, 0.2 mile north of Tonawanda Creek, north side of gate entrance to feeder, in second step of east abutment; .copper bolt stamped “ 622 ”.......................................

BENCH MARKS SET FROM OLD RAILROAD LEVELS, CORRECTED (VALUE DOUBTFUL).

Pembroke, 1,550 feet east of railroad station, Batavia and Tonawanda branch of the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, on coping stone of east abutment of Bridge No. 104, south side of track; copper

bolt stamped “ 823 ”.............................................

East Pembroke, 1 mile north of, 630 feet north of corner, east side of north and south road, on land belonging to E. H. Clark, in bowlder 6 feet square deeply embedded in ground; copper bolt stamped “ 873 ft.”. .

OAK ORCHARD QUADRANGLE.

ON CIRCUITS TIED TO CANAL BENCH MARKS.

Feet.

621.160

822.780

872.140

Fairhaven, 1,200 feet south of, on east side of road to Albion, in top of stone masonry wall in front of Mrs. Dixon’s house ; copper bolt stamped

“ 439 ”

438.206

East Gaines, 1 mile east by 1 mile south of W. H. Banker’s house, on west side of Transit road, 600 feet north of Murray and Gaines Baptist Church, in dooryard 12 feet south of dwelling, in stone 3 feet square

and 1.5 feet high; copper bolt stamped “ 458 ”.......................

Murray, 610 feet north of road crossing on west side of road, 81 feet southwest of stone schoolhouse, in bowlder 3 feet wide and 2 feet high; copper bolt stamped “ 410 ”........................................

457.114

409.458

ALBION QUADRANGLE.

BENCH MARKS TIED TO CANAL BENCH MARKS.

Albion, Orleans House, corner of Platt and Bank streets, 40.5 feet from Banks street corner, on Platt street side, 7.7 feet from office door;

bronze tablet stamped “ 521 ”......................................

Holley, Webster warehouse, south and west of Erie Canal bridge No. 115, in doorsill of door on canal side; copper bolt stamped “ 514 ”..........

ELEVATIONS DETERMINED FROM NEW YORK STATE SURVEY LEVELS, x    CORRECTED.

519.984

513.210

Clarendon, 4 miles south of, opposite Andrew Kuhn’s house on land belonging to Mrs. Butcher, 0.33 mile .north of county line, in granite bowlder;

copper bolt stamped “ 648 ”.......................................

Elba, 3.8 miles northeast of, at southwest corner of junction of east and west road and road south to East Elba, in granite bowlder; copper bolt

stamped “ 675 ” .................................................

East Oakfield, 1.5 miles east of, 65 feet southeast of schoolhouse, District No. 9, 15 feet from road corner, on west side of north road, in bowlder ;

copper bolt stamped “ 709 ”.......................................

South Barre, 220 feet east of road crossing, in stone doorsill of school-

house, District No. 9; copper bolt stamped “ 652 ”...................

Barre Center, 3 miles southwest of, 1.5 miles northeast of West Barre, E. E. Allis’s house, on north side of road, in lower of three stone steps of eastern front door; copper bolt stamped “ 666 ”....................

647.137

674.637

708.143

651.645

665.304

BENCH MARKS SET FROM OLD RAILROAD LEVELS, CORRECTED (VALUE DOUBTFUL).

681.165

South Byron, 1,710 feet west of railroad station, 27 feet north from center of north track of New York Central and Hudson River Kailroad, in next to upper step of large culvert, across Black Creek; copper bolt stamped " 682 ” .................................................

ERIE COUNTY.

Eden, Gowanda, and Holland Quadrangles.

The leveling on Holland and part of Eden was done in 1904 under the direction of Mr. J. H. Jennings, topographer, by Mr. I. W. Petit, levelman, and that on Gowanda and remainder Of Eden was done in 1905 under the’ direction of Mr. Gilbert Young, topographer, by Mr. R. P. Thompson, levelman. Standard bench marks are stamped “ ADJ 1903 ” in addition to the figures of elevation.

EDEN QUADKANCLE.

BLAISDELL, SOUTH ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD VIA HAMBURG, TO COLLINS STATION.

Hamburg, in stone foundation at northwest corner of Kopp’s Hotel, at

end of car line; bronze tablet stamped “ 826 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”.....

Water Valley, Erie Railroad; top of rail..............................

Eden Valley station, 300 feet east of Erie station, in northwest corner of foundation of Albert Dagle’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 792 ALBANY

ADJ 1903 ”.....................................................

Eden Center, northeast corner of foundation of schoolhouse; bronze tablet

stamped “ALBANY 828, ADJ 1903 ”..............................

North Collins, Erie Railroad station, in east face of southeast corner;

bronze tablet stamped “ 847 ADJ 1903 ”.............................

Lawton, in west face of foundation wall of E. H. Lawton & Son’s store; bronze tablet stamped “ 826 ADJ 1903 ”............................

Feet.

825.555

790.6

792.254

827.573

847.023

825.640

HAMBURG, ALONG HIGHWAY SOUTHEAST TO BOSTON CENTER.

817.517

North Boston, 3.7 miles east of Hamburg, on northwest .corner of south abutment of bridge over Idlewood (or Eighteenmile) Creek; bronze tablet stamped “ 818 ALBANY 1903 ADJ ”................................

BOSTON, SOUTH TO MORTONS CORNERS, THENCE WEST TO LAWTON.

New Oregon, 100 feet northwest of crossroads, in southeast corner of foundation of Peter Kirsch’s house; bronze tablet stamped “ 1075 ADJ

1903 ”    .........................................................

Woodwards Hollow, in east face of foundation wall of F. J. Ryther’s store;

bronze tablet stamped “ 1305 ADJ 1903 ”............................

Mortons Corners, 500 feet west of, 106 feet from corner of Martha Schabe-horn’s house, 77 feet from Helen Briggs’s house, and 151.42 feet from Emily Sampson’s house; iron post (primary-traverse station No. *134)

stamped “1389 ADJ 1903 ”........................................

Whites Corners, 0.9 mile west of, in dooryard at northwest corner of dwelling house occupied by Mr. Christopher Naegle, on south side of road; primary-traverse iron post stamped “1115 ADJ 1903 ”..........

1,075.137

1,304.850

1,389.046

1,114.399

GOWANDA QUADRANGLE.

COLLINS STATION, ALONG THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD, TO DAYTON.

Collins station, in southeast corner of building owned by F. Mathan, in water table; bronze tablet stamped “ 875 ADJ 1903 ”................

875.150

HOLLAND QUADRANGLE.

BOSTON CENTER, SOUTH TO BOSTON.

Boston Center (Patching, opposite Michael Flickgenar’s grocery, on large

bowlder; bronze tablet stamped “ 903 ALBANY 1903 ADJ”..........

Boston, 135 feet north of Iroquois Hotel, in grass plat at intersection of roads; iron post stamped “ 941 ALBANY ”..........................

903.048

940.964

A.

Addison..................

Adrian............*.......

Afton...................

Aiden Lair...............

Alabama.................

Albion...................

Albion quadrangle........

Aiden....................

Alder Creek..............

Alexandria Bay...........

Alexandria Bay quadrangle

Alfred...................

Allegany.................

Allegheny River..........

Allen Center.............

Alligerville...............

Almond.................

Altamont................

Altay...................

Altmar..................

Alton...................

Amboy..................

Amenia..................

Ames Mills...............

Amsterdam quadrangle....

Ancram.................

Andover..................

Angelica.................

Angelica quadrangle.......

Angola..................

Antwerp quadrangle.......

Apalachin quadrangle.....

Apex...

Apulia..

Arcade.

Arden..

Arietta.

Arkport,

Arkwright Center.. .

Ashantee..........

Ashville...........

Athol Springs......

Atlanta............

Attica.............

Attica quadrangle. .

Atwell.............

Auburn...........

Auburn quadrangle

Aurelius..........

Auric sville........

Aurora...........

Averyville........

Avoca............

Avon.............

Axton............

■»

INDEX.

Page.

444

444

446

466

546

546

546

536

440

502

502-503

444

443

538

537

488

444

485

530

506

523

506

491

464

447

491

443

538

537-538

459

440

”. .445,510-511

451

508

535

489

477,479

456

541

533

542

459

531

535

535

472,473

520

519-520

520

478

519

463

.530,531

.455,533

B.

Page.

Babylon.............

Babylon quadrangle..

Bailey, C. B., work of.

Bailey, George, work of. . . .487,490,493,532

446,450

Bainbridge..........

Bakers Mill Pond......

Bakers Mills...........

Baldwin, D. H., work of

Baldwinsville............

Baldwinsville quadrangle.

Ballston Lake...........

Ballston Spa............

Balmville..............

Barbers Corners........

Barker................

Barnard...............

Barnerville.............

Barre Center...........

Barton................

461

461

475

465

466

435,

449,454,457,458

522

521-522

438

438

489

519

512

454

447,486

546

445

Bassett, C. C., work of

483,485,487,490,493,494,496,499,507

468,

Batavia.

534

Batavia quadrangle.....

Batchellerville..........

Bath..................

Bath quadrangle........

Baxter, D. E., work of. .

Bay View..............

Beaman, W. M., work of.

Beaver Dam...........

Beaver Meadow........

Beaver River...........

Beaverdams............

Beerston...............

Belfast................

Belleview..............

Bellona................

Belmont..............

Belmont quadrangle.....

Belvidere..............

Bemus Point...........

Benson................

Benson Center Corners. .

Benson Corners.........

Benton................

Berea..............

Bergen................

Berkshire..............

Berne.................

Berne quadrangle.......

Besemer...............

Bethel.................

Beula.................

Big Flats..............

534

481

530

444,530-531

520

542

465

453

513

475

529

451

537,538

542

526

443

443,538

443,538

542

478

478

517

528

489

544

514

485

447,485

516

491

526

Page.

Page.

Big Indian..........

Big Moose...........

Big Moose quadrangle,

Big Shanty dam......

Binghamton..........

493,494 475 475 466 445,452

Binghamton quadrangle... .445-446,452,511

Binnewater..................

Bisby........................

Black Creek..................

Black River..................

Black Rock..................

Blaine.......................

Bleecker Village...............

Blenheim....................

Blodgett Mills................

Bloomingburg................

Bloomingdale................

Blossom.....................

Blossvale....................

Blue Mountain Lake..........

Blue Mountain quadrangle.....

Blue Pond...................

Bog Lake....................

Bombay.....................

Boonville....................

Boonville quadrangle..........

Borden condensed-milk factory

Borodino....................

Boston......................

Boston Center................

Boston Corners...............

Bouckville...................

Bowens Corners..............

Bradford....................

Branchport..................

Brandon.....................

Brandreth Lake.............

Brantingham..........:.....

Brasher Center..............

Breakabeen.................

Breesport...................

Brentwood..................

Bridgewater.................

Brierhill quadrangle..........

Brisbin.....................

Bristol Center...............

Broadalbin...................

Broadalbin quadrangle.......

Brodhead....................

Brockport..................

Brockport quadrangle........

Brocton....................

Brokenstraw................

Burgoyne......

Burns.........

Burnside.......

Bushnell Basin,

480

456

490

524

C.

489

472.

537

441

527

486

478

494

514

497

464

536

505

467

467

437

475

438

440

,..440,504

489

519

547

547

491

510

521

530

528

437,464

476

504

501

486

516

461

449,484

499

512

532

478,481

481

488

543,544

543-544

540

542

460,

Brown, Clark, work of

465,468,473,475,477,479,485,507

Brown ville..............

Buck...................

Buffalo.................

Buffalo quadrangle.......

Bullville................

Bumstead, A. H., work of, Burdett................

502

473

458

458,536

497

490

Cadosia................

Caledonia..............

Caledonia quadrangle

Callicoon...............

Camden...............

Cameron...............

Cameron Mills..........

Cameron quadrangle. .. .

Camp Comfort..........

Camp Perkins..........

Campbell Hall..........

Campbells.............

Campville..............

Canadice...............

Canajoharie.............

Canajoharie quadrangle..

Canandaigua...........

Canandaigua Lake......

Canandaigua quadrangle

Canaseraga.............

Canaseraga quadrangle. .

Canastota..............

Candor................

Caneadea..............

Canisteo...............

Canton quadrangle......

Canyon Brook..........

Cardiff................

Caroga Corners.........

Caroline...............

Carrollton..............

Carthage...............

Carthage quadrangle... .

Cascade...............

Castile..................

Castorland.............

Catatonk..............

Catlin Lake............

Cato..................

Catskill quadrangle.....

Cattaraugus............

Cayadutta Creek........

Cayuga................

Caywood............

Cazenovia..............

Cazenovia quadrangle...

Cedar River............

Cedarville..............

Center Moriches........

Central Bridge..........

Central Valley..........

Centreville.............

Chace.................

Chadwick..............

Chain Lakes............

Champion..............

451

533

455,533-534

452

505

444

444

444

465

465

453,497

530

445

533

486

486

532

532

532

456

444,456

509

515

537

444

500

470

508

478

517

443

440

440,505

519

537

440

515

476

522

492

443

478

520

527

509

508-509

467

484

462

447

489

511

537

449

467

Page.

Champlain Canal.......

Charley Lake...........

Charlotte..............

Charlotte Center........

Chases Mill.............

Chatham..............

Chaumont.............

Chautauqua Point......

Chautauqua quadrangle.

Chemung..............

Chenango Bridge.......

Chenango Forks........

Cherry Creek...........

Cherry Creek quadrangle

Chester................

Chichester.............

Childwood.............

Chili..................

Chipman...............

Chipmunk.............

Chippewa Village.......

Chittenango............

Church ville............

Cincinnatus............

Circle ville..............

City Brook.............

Clarence...............

Clarendon..............

Clark, E. B., work of. . . .

Clarksville.............

Claverack..............

Clayton................

Clayton quadrangle......

Clay ville...............

Clearwater.............

Cleveland..............

Clifton Springs.........

Clinton Corners.........

Clintondale............

Clinton ville............

Clockville...............

Clove quadrangle.......

Clyde.................

Clyde quadrangle.......

Clymer................

Clymer quadrangle.....

Cobleskill..............

Cochecton.............

Cohocton..............

Cohoes................

Cohoes quadrangle......

Colburns.............

Cold Brook............

Cold Spring............

Coldenham.............

Coleman...............

College Point...........

Colliers.................

Collins.................

Columbia Center........

Commack..............

Conesville..............

480

474

454,525

540

500

492

501

542

542

445

511

511

541

442,540-541

498

493

476

544

500

539

503

509

544

513

497

470

538

546

460,520,531,543

538

492

. . ..501,502 441,501-502

449

475

509

526

488

453,489

Conewango.............

Conklingville...........

Conquest..............

Constableville..........

Constantia.............

Cooperstown...........

Cooperstown Junction... Cooperstown quadrangle.

Copake................

Copake quadrangle......

Copenhagen............

Corfu..................

Corinth................

Corning................

Corning quadrangle.....

Cornwall...............

Cortland...............

Cortland quadrangle....,

Cottage City...........

Cotton................

Countryman...........

Coventry..............

Coventry quadrangle

Coven try ville...........

Covert.................

Coxsackie quadrangle. . .

Craigs.................

Craigville...............

Cranberry Creek........

Crary ville..............

Crawford Junction......

Creedmoor.............

Crittenden.............

Crystal Run............

Cuba............... . . .

Cuddebackville........

Cummin, R. D., work of,

Cuyler.................

Cuylerville.............

541

482

522

504

508

483

446

447,483

491

491

505

535

481

444

444

489,490

514

514

532

509

470

512

512

512

526

492

534

490

482

491

497

460

535,536

453

443

498

515,528

508,513

455,533

519

509

490

523

523

542,543 542-543

.447

453

531

448

448

542

471

457,461

489

491

488

446

547

484

461

Dale.............

Dansville.........

Darien...........

Darien Center.....

Davis............

Day Center.......

Dayton...........

De Kalb...'.......

De Peyster........

Deansboro........

Deer River........

Deerfield..........

Deerpark.........

Delanson.........

Delhi quadrangle. .

Delta.............

Denison Corners...

Denning..........

Depauville........

Depew quadrangle Deposit...........

D.

534

533

535

535

450

482

442

499,500

499

484

440

468

461

447,485

499

504

484

497

501

536

Page.

Page.

Deposit quadrangle.....

Derby.................

Deruyter..............

Devereaux.............

Dewitt ville.............

Dexter................

Dickinson Center.......

Dickinson quadrangle. . . Dimmick, G. M., work of

451,452

459

508,509

477

542

502

438

438

483,

Dover plains.......

Doyles............

Dresserville........

Driftwood.........

Dry Brook.........

Dryden............

Dryden quadrangle.

Duane.............

Duanesburg........

Dunbar............

Dundee............

Dunkirk..........

Dunkirk quadrangle

Durkeetown........

Dutch Hill.........

Dwaarkill..........

Dysinger Corners. . .

496,497,499,503,507,539

490

490

518

542

495

517

516-517

485

447

523

527

442,459,540

442,459,540

480

513

497

545

Eastport............

Ebenezer....... . . . .

Eden Center........

Eden quadrangle. . . .

Eden Valley.........

Edenville...........

Edgewood..........

Edwardsville........

Elba...............

Elkdale.............

Ellenville...........

Ellenville quadrangle,

Ellery.............

Ellington...........

Ellsworth...........

Elma Center........

Elmira.............

Elmira quadrangle...

Elpis...............

Elsmere............

Elting..............

Ennerdale..........

Enos...............

Erie Canal..........

Erieville............

Erin...............

Erwins.............

462

536

547

459,547

547

498

493

499

546

443

497

497

542

541

527

536

.........445,454

444-445,453,528

506

490

453

526

471

508

509

516

444

E.

Eagle Harbor. .. .

Earlville.........

East Amherst.. . .

East Aurora......

East Berne........

East Bloomfield...

East Boylston.....

Fast Clarence.....

East Corning......

East Freetown

East Gaines......

East Galway.....

East Homer......

East Ithaca......

East Martinsburg East Northport...

East Oakfield.....

East Onondaga.... East Palmyra.

East Pembroke.... East Pharsalia....

East River........

East Shelby.......

East Spencer......

East Springfield. . . East Steamburg.. .

East Steuben.....

East Williamson..

East Windsor.....

East Winfield.....

East Worcester....

East X...........

Easton Corners....

545

513

545

536

485

532

506

545

444

513

546

481

514

516,517

440

461

546

507

523,524

546

513

514

545

515

483

527

440

523

511

484

447,495

525

480

Esopus...................

Esperance................

Essex-Hamilton County line

Etna.....................

Evans Mills...............

Exeter...................

488

447

467

517

502

484

F.

Fabius.............

Factory village......

Fair Oaks...........

Fairfield............

Fairhaven..........

Fairport............

Fairview............

Fairville............

Faison, E. L., work of,

Falconer............

Farmer.............

Farmingdale........

Farnham...........

Fawn Lake.........

Fayette.............

Felts Mills..........

Fenner............

Fentonville.........

Fillmore............

Findley Lake........

Fishers Landing.....

Fleischmans.........

Fleming............

Flemingville..........

Flockville............

Floodwood...........

Florence.............

G5

00

508

481

497

469

Page.

Fluvanna..............

Fonda.................

Fonda quadrangle......

Forest Glen............

Forest House...........

Forestburg.............

Forestlawn.............

Forestport.............

Forestville..............

Forge Hollow..........

Forks.................

Fort Covington.........

Fort Edward...........

Fort Plain.............

Fosterville.............

Fourth Lake...........

JFowler, A. T., work of..

Fowlerville.............

Frankfort..............

Franklin...............

Franklington...........

Franklinville quadrangle,

Fredonia...............

Freeville...............

French ville.............

Friend.................

Friendship.............

Fulton................

Fulton Chain...........

Fulton quadrangle......

Fultonville.............

542

478

478

489

467

498

525

471

442

484

536

438

480

486

520

475

475

455,504

469

451

487

538

540

517

504

528

443

521

472

521

478

G.

Gainestown.

Galena.....

Gallatin ville

545

512

491

Gallup ville.............

Galway................

Gannett, S. S., work of..

Gansevoort............

Gardenville............

Gardiner...............

Gardners Corners.......

Garwood...............

Gasport...............

Gayetty, J. I., work of. .

Genesee Junction.......

Genesee Valley Junction

Geneseo...............

Geneva................

Geneva quadrangle......

Genoa.................

Genoa quadrangle......

Georgetown............

Gerry.................

Ghent.................

Gibson Corners.........

Gibson ville............

Giffords..............

Gilbert, W. W., work of.

485

481

435

480

Gilboa................

Gilboa quadrangle.....

Gill, A. W., work of. . .

Gilman Lake..........

Glenco Mills...........

Glenfield..............

Glenhaven............

Glens Falls quadrangle.

Gloversville...........

Gloversville quadrangle.

Goshen...............

Goshen quadrangle.....

Gouverneur quadrangle.

Gowanda quadrangle...

Grand Gorge..........

Grant Mills...........

Great Bend...........

Great Valley..........

Greenboro............

Greene...............

Green, W. E., work of. .487,494,510,515,528

Greene quadrangle........

Greenfield station.........

Greenhurst...............

Greenville................

Greig...................

Greigsville..............

Grey court...............

Gridleyville.............

Griffin..................

Griffith.................

Griswold................

Groton City.............

Groveland..............

Guerdrum, G. H., work of.

Guilford................

Gulf Summit............

Gulicksville.............

Guymard...............

494

493

482,507

474

492

440,504

518

480

478

478

497

453,497

500

442,547

495

495

440

539

505

511

511

438

542

498

504

534

498

515

474

542

536

518

534

460

512

452

528

453

536

489

505

456

545

503

455

..455,532

533

525

525

527

526-527

.509,510

541

492

515

534

542

465,

473,475,482,507,515,528

H.

Hadley..........................

Hagedorns Mills..................

Halcottsville......................

Hales Eddy......................

Half Acre........................

Halls ville........................

Halsey Valley....................

Hamburg........................

Hamilton........................

Hamilton-Essex County line.....

Hamlin...................

Hamlin quadrangle........

Hammond, W. F., work of.

Hammondsport............

Hammondsport quadrangle

Hancock.................

Hancock quadrangle......

Haney, L. T., work of.....

Hankins.................

Hannibal................

Hansons,................

439,482

481

495

452

519

486

515

547

510

467

543

543

525,528,531

530

530

451,452

451,452

468

452

522

Page.

Page.

Hardys...................

Harford..................

Harford Mills..............

Harford quadrangle........

Harpersville...............

Harris....................

Hartfield.................

Hartland.................

Hart wick quadrangle.......

Hartwick Seminary........

Hartwood.................

Hastings...................

Hauppauge...............

Havens, A. S., work of.....

Hawley ton................

Hayt Corners..............

Helena...................

Hemlock..................

Hempstead quadrangle.....

Herkimer.................

Herkimer County poorhouse,

Hermitage................

Hessville..................

Heuvelton................

Hibernia..................

Highland.................

' Highmarket quadrangle....

Hilton....................

Himrod...................

Hinckley.................

Hinmansville..............

Hinsdale..................

Hobart...................

Hobart quadrangle..........

Hodges, J. H., work of......

Hogansburg...............

Hogansburg quadrangle. . . .

Holcomb.................

Holland quadrangle........

Holley....................

Holmesville...............

Holtsville.................

Homer...................

Honeoye..................

Honeoye Palls.............

Honeoye Junction.........

Honeoye quadrangle........

Honnedaga...............

Honnedaga Lake..........

Hooker...................

Hooper...................

Hope.....................

Hornellsville..............

Hornellsville quadrangle....

Horseheads...............

Horseshoe................

Houghton.................

Houseville................

Howe Cave.............

Howells..................

Hubbardsville.............

Hudson...................

537

514

514

513-514

446,511

535

540

544

485

483

498

507

462

503

511

527

501

533

460

470

470

537

486

499

488

487

505

543

527,528

470

521

443,539

495

495

485

501

438,501

532

547

546

450

462

514

533

532

455

455,532-533

471

473

505

445

474

_____444,457

444,456-457

444,445,528

475

537

504

447

453

484

Hudson River, Humphrey....

Hunter.......

Huntington... Hyndsville....

466,467

539

493

461

496

I.

Ilion..................

Indian Lake............

Indian Lake quadrangle,

Indian Lake Village.....

Indian River Bridge.... Inghams Mills..........

469

466

465

467

466

469

Ira.

522

Irondequoit,

Irving......

Italy.......

Ithaca......

525

459

531

517

J.

Jamestown............

Jamestown quadrangle.

Jamesville............

Jeddo................

541,542

541

508

545

Jennings, J. H., work of. . .468,475,477,483, 487,494,503,507,510,515,520,525,528, 531,535,538,543,547

Jericho.........

Jerseyfield Lake. Jerusalem Hill.. Jewett Center...

Johnson........

Johnstown......

Jordan.........

461

471

484

493

498

478

522

K.

493

Kaaterskill quadrangle

Kanona.............

Kasoag..............

Kasoag quadrangle....

Keeney..............

Keepawa............

Kelley, William, work of. .477,494,501,531,540

Kelleys...............

Kelleys Corners.......

Kelloggsville..........

Kendaia..............

Kendall, C. B., work of

Kendalls..............

Kennedy.............

Kenwells.............

Kerhonkson...........

Kiantone.............

Kildare...............

Kildare quadrangle....

Kile..................

Killawog..............

Killbuck..............

Kinderhook............

Kinderhook quadrangle

Kings................

Kings Flow dam.......

531

506

506

508

475

447

494

518

527

435

529

541

473

496

541

437

437,476

515

513

443,539

492

492

439

Page.

Kings Park................

Kingston..................

Kingston Creek Bridge......

Kipps.....................

Kirkwood..................

Knapp Creek................

Knapps..............'......

Knickerbocker, C. E., work of

Knowelhurst...............

Knox.....................

Krause, A. F., work of. ..... Krumville.................

461

488

488

497

452

539

501

490

474

485

465,477

488

L.

Lackawack...............

Lackawaxen quadrangle. . ,

Lafargeville..............

Lafayette................

Lake....................

Lake Clear...............

Lake Clear Junction.......

Lake Como..............

Lake Massawepie.........

Lake Placid..............

Lake Placid quadrangle...

Lake Pleasant............

Lake Pleasant quadrangle.

Lake View...............

Lakeside..............

Lakewood...............

Langdon.................

Lansing.................

Laona...................

Lassellsville..............

Lassellsville quadrangle...

Lathams Corners.........

Lawton..................

Lebanon.................

Lebceuf..................

Leicester.................

Leonardsville.............

Leroy...................

Lestershire...............

Lewey Lake..............

Lewis-Oswego County line

Lexington...............

Leyden..................

Lillydale.................

Lima.....................

Limerick................

Limestone...............

Lincklaen................

Linwood.................

Lisbon.................

Lisle...................

Little Falls..............

Little Falls quadrangle.. .

Little Moose Lake.......

Little Ridge.............

Little Tupper Lake......

Little Valley............

Little York.............

496

498

502

518

498

464

464

518

476

463

463

474

474

459

524

542

452

521

540

477

477-478

450

547

510

437

534

449

534,535

445

465

505

493

440

540

532

441

539

513

534

499

513

469

469-470

473

454

476

443

Li vingstonville........

Livonia...............

Livonia Center........

Lloyd................

Locke................

Lockport.............

Lockport quadrangle...

Lodi.................

Long Eddy...........

Long Eddy quadrangle

Long Lake............

Long Lake quadrangle.

Long Lake West.......

Lordville.............

Lorrings..............

Lovell, W. H., work of.

468,473,477,479,501,532,535,540

Lowville............

Lowville quadrangle,

Ludlowville........

Luzerne...........

Luzerne quadrangle.

Lyons.............

Lyons Falls........

M.

494

532

532

453,4S9

517

545

545

527

452

452

467,476,477 ....437,476 ....475,476

452

514

465,

440

440

527

482

439,482

523

440

McDiarmid, M. S., work of

McDonough.............

McGrawville............

McIntyre...............

McKeever................

McKeever quadrangle.. . .

McLean................

McNair, E. L., work of....

442,448,454,457,468,538,543,544

McNalls Corners,

Macedon quadrangle... .

Madrid................

Maguire, J. B., work of..

Maine.................

Mamakating...........

Manchester............

Manheim..............

Manlius................

Manorkill..............

Manorville..............

Maple Lake.............

Marathon...............

Marcellus..............

Marcellus Falls.........

Margaretville..........

Margaretville quadrangle

Marietta...............

Marion.................

Marion River carry.....

Marshville.............

Martindale.............

Marvin................

Marvin, C. W., work of..

Maryland...............

Massena...............

Massena quadrangle......

468

512

514

491

472

472

514,517,518

438,

545

524

500

477,503,507,510

511

497

526

469

507

494

462

471

513

518

519

495

494-495

519

524

476

486

491

5'2

510

447

500

Page.

Page.

Massena Springs..........

Maybury................

Mayfield.................

Mays Point..............

Mayville.................

Maywood................

Meacham Lake quadrangle Meade, A. P., jr., work of. .

Meadowbrook............

Mechanicstown...........

Medina..................

Medina quadrangle........

Merrick..................

Merrickville..............

Messengerville............

Metcalf Lake.............

Mexico..................

Mexico quadrangle........

Michigan Mills............

Middle Falls..............

Middle Island............

Middleburg..............

Middlegrove..............

Middleport...............

Middlesex................

Middletown..............

Middleville...............

Midway.................

Midway Grove............

Milford..................

Millbrook................

Millbrook quadrangle......

Millers Mills..............

Millerton................

Millgrove................

Millport.................

Mills, G. C., work of......

Milo Center..............

Milton...................

Mineola..................

Minerva.................

Minetto..................

Minnehaha..............

Mitchell.................

Modena..................

Mohawk.................

Moira...................

Mongaup................

Monroe..................

Monterey................

Montezuma.............

Monticello quadrangle....

Montour Falls...........

Montville...............

Moore, W. S. D., work of..

Moose Pond.............

Moravia................

Moravia quadrangle......

Morehouseville..........

Moriches quadrangle.....

Morristown.............

Morrisville..............

500

514

478

525

540,542

450,451

437

460,463

490

453

545

545-546

460

451

513

479

506

506-507

505

480

462

486,487

481

545

531

453

469,470

517,542

542

483

490,491

490-491

484

491

536

528,529,530

490

.528

■ 487

460

466

521

472

525

453

482

438

498

490

530

523

498

529

518

487,493,496

467

518

517

471,479

462

499

Morrisville quadrangle

Mortons Corners......

Mount Morris........

Mount Pleasant.......

Mount Ridge.........

Mount Upton........

Mountainviile........

Moubray............

Mud Lake dam.......

Munnsville......*    .

Murray..............

509

547

455,456,534 .....    493

491

450

489

453

473

510

546

N.

Nanticoke.............

Naples................

Naples quadrangle......

Narrowsburg...........

Narrowsburg quadrangle.

Neeley town............

Nehasane..............

Nelson................

New Berlin............

New Berlin Center......

New Berlin Junction.. . . New Berlin quadrangle..

New Forge.............

New Hartford..........

New Kingston..........

New Oregon............

New York quadrangle...

Newark................

Newark Valley.........

Newburg..............

Newburg Junction......

Newburg quadrangle... .

Newcomb..............

Newcomb quadrangle. . .

New Paltz.............

Newport.............! .

Newville...............

Ninemile Creek.........

Nineveh...............

Nineveh quadrangle.....

Niverville..............

Nobleboro.............

Norfolk................

North Boston..........

North Brookfield.......

North Candor..........

North Clymer..........

North Collins...........

North Creek............

North Creek quadrangle.

North Easton..........

North Evans...........

North Gage............

North Galway..........

North Harporsfield......

North Hector..........

North Kortright.......

North Lake............

North Lansing..........

513

531

531

453

453 •

453

475

509

450

450

450,512

450

492

449

495

547

460

524

510

489

489

453.489 463,466 466-467

488.489 469,522

.483

468

446

446,452,511

492

471

501

547

484

515

542

547

439

439

480

459

469

481

495

527

495

472,473

Page.

North Norwich.......

North Osceola........

North Pitcher........

North River..........

North Rose..........

North Woods.........

Northampton........

Northeast quadrangle.

Northfield...........

Northport quadrangle

Northville...........

Northwood...........

Norway.............

Norwich.............

Norwich Corners......

Norwich quadrangle..

Norwood............

• Nunda.........

Nunda Junction......

Nunda quadrangle... ,

481,482

512    Otisco Lake...........

505 Otisville..............

513    Otselic...............

465    Ovid Center...........

523    Ovid quadrangle.......

467    O wasco...............

481 Owego................

543 Owego quadrangle.....

451 Oxford...............

461 Oyster Bay quadrangle.

470

470

512

468

512-513

501

456

456

455,534

519

453

513

526

527

518

445,515

445,515

490,512

461

O.

Oak Orchard.............

Oak Orchard quadrangle...

Oakland Valley...........

Oakville.................

Obi.....................

Odessa..................

Ogdensburg..............

Ogdensburg quadrangle....

Ohio. ....................

Olcott quadrangle.........

Old Forge................

Old Forge quadrangle.....

Olean...................

Olean quadrangle.........

Olive Branch.............

Omar....................

Onativia............'.....

Onchiota................

Oneonta.................

Oneonta quadrangle.......

Onondaga Castle..........

Onondaga Indian Village. .

Onoville.................

Ontario..................

Oppenheim..............

Oquaga..................

Oramel..................

Oran....................

Orchard Park............

Oregon..................

Oriskany Falls............

Oriskany quadrangle......

Orwell...................

Orwell quadrangle........

Osceola..................

Ossian...................

Oswego..................

Oswego quadrangle.......

Oswego-Lewis County line, Otego.

545

546

498

485

538

529

499

499-500

470-471

544

472

....472-473 . ...443,538 443,538-539

488

503

508

464

446

446,451

508

508

457

524

477

452

537

508

536

466,478,479

484

449,485

506

505-506

505

534

521,522

522

505

Paines Hollow........

Painted Post.........

Palmyra.............

Palmyra quadrangle..

Panama.............

Pansy...............

Paris................

Parish...............

Park.......’.........

Parker..............

Patchin..............

Patchogue...........

Paul Smith..........

Pavilion Center.......

Pearl Creek..........

Pembroke............

Pendleton............

Penn Yan............

Penn Yan quadrangle

Perch River..........

Perry...............

Perrysburg...........

Perry ville............

Peru................

Peruville.............

Peterboro............

Petit, I. W., work of..

Phelps...............

Phelps Junction......

Phelps quadrangle.. .

Phillips Mills........

Philmont...........

Phoenicia..........

Phoenicia quadrangle.

Phoenix.............

Piffard..........

Pike................

Pike Five Corners. . .

Pine...............

Pine Bush..........

Pine Hill...........

Pine Island.........

Pine Plains.........

Pine Valley.........

Piseco..............

Piseco quadrangle.... Pitcher quadrangle...

Plainfield Center.....

Plain ville...........

446 Platfekiil,

P.

482

444,530

524

523-524

542

531

483,485

507,531

516

512

547

462

464

535

535

546

545

528

528

501

537

442

509,517

522

517

509

547

526

526

526

542

492

493

493

521,522

455

537

537

451

497

493,494

498

491

528

479

478-479

513

484

522

489

Q.

457

480

470,471,541

Page.

Page

487

Pleasant Valley..........

Point Rock.............

Poland.................

Pomme, A. B,, work of. . .

Poolville................

Port Byron.............

Port Crane..............

Port Ewen............

Port Jefferson...........

Port Jervis..............

Port Jervis quadrangle.. .

Port Leyden............

Port Leyden quadrangle.

Portage quadrangle......

Portageville.............

Portville................

Potter Center...........

Poughkeepsie............

Poughkeepsie quadrangle.

Prattsburg..............

Prattsville..............

Preble..................

Preston Pond...........

Prospect................

Pulaski quadrangle......

Quaker Bridge. Quaker Springs,

R.

Rainbow Lake..............

Randolph..................

Raquette Falls.............

Raquette Lake.............

Raquette Lake quadrangle...

Rathbone..................

Raymondville..............

Reading Centre............

Red Creek.................

Red Mills..................

Red Mills quadrangle........

Redfield...................

Redhouse..................

Redhouse quadrangle........

Redwood................

Reeds Mills..............

Remsen...................

Remsen quadrangle.........

Reniff.. .*..................

Rensselaer Falls............

Rensselaerville..............

Reubens...................

Rexford...................

Rhinebeck quadrangle.......

Ricard....................

Rich Lake.................

Richards Landing...........

Richfield Junction..........

Richfield Springs...........

Richfield Springs quadrangle, Richford,..................

Richmondville............

Richmondville quadrangle,

Ridgeroad...............

Ridgeway quadrangle

Rif ton.'..................

Riverhead...............

Riverhead quadrangle....,

Riverside................

Roberts, A. C., work of...

Rock City Falls...........

Rock Rift................

Rockdale................

Rochester................

Rochester quadrangle.....

Rockville Center.........

Rockwells Mills..........

Rockwood...............

Ronkonkoma.............

Rosendale...............

Rosendale quadrangle.....

Roslyn.................

Ross...................

Rossman................

Roxbury................

Rudiston................

Rush Junction...........

Rushford................

Rushmer Road...........

Rushville................

Ruland Hill..............

S.

Sabael................

Sage.................

St. Elmo..............

St. Johnsville..........

St. Lawrence..........

St. Regis Falls.........

St. Regis quadrangle..

Salamanca...........

Salamanca quadrangle.

Salem...............

Salisbury............

Salisbury Centre.....

Salisbury Corners.....

Salt Point...........

Sammonsville........

Samson ville..........

Sanford.............

Sangerfield...........

Sangerfield quadrangle

Sanitaria Springs.....

Santa Clara..........

Santanoni quadrangle.

Saquoit..............

Saranac Inn..........

Saranac Junction.....

Saranac Lake........

Saranac quadrangle...

Saratoga.............

Saratoga quadrangle. . Saratoga Springs......

447

505

469

447,495-496

544

468,515

545

510

488

522,523

462

446

462

488

462

453

....439,452

477,531,539

481

453,498 440,504 440,504

451

450

537

538

_____454,455

454-455,525

460

538

450

528

478

453,487

453,487

462

488

531

488-489

493,494

461

514

456

463

492

495

506

479

532

538

468

526

462

464

541

465

476

450

476

453

476

477

444

502

501

438

530

522

500

500

....437,464 ....443,457 443,457,539

468

506

470

457

443,457,541

469,470

469

502

488

471

478

. . .440,471 440,470-471

496

502

516

484

500

449,483-484

486

446

513

437

448

463

488

449

606

464

4G6

464

500

464

449

463-464

483

480

482

514

438,481

438

Page.

480

Sarles Ferry.............

Savannah...............

Savona.................

Sayles Corners..........

Schenectady............

Schenectady quadrangle..

Schenevus..............

Schoharie...............

Schoharie Junction.......

Schoharie quadrangle.

Schroon Lake quadrangle,

Schunemunk quadrangle.

Schuyler................

Schuyler Junction........

Schuyler Lake...........

Schuylerville............

Schuylerville quadrangle.

Scio....................

Scipio..................

Scott...................

Scottsville..............

Selden..................

Semper, C. H., work of. . . .437,440,448,452, 453,460,463,468,475,477,510,520,525,531 Seneca Falls,

523

530

518

438,447,448

438,447-448

447

486

447

447,486

466

489-490

480

480

485

479,480

479-480

443

519

539

454

462

525

Setauket.............

Setauket quadrangle..

Severance............

Seward..............

Shandaken...........

Sharon..............

Sharon Center........

Sharon Springs......

Sheds Corners........

Shekomeko..........

Shelby Town.........

Sheridan.............

Sherman............

Shokan.............

Shongo.............

Shongo quadrangle...

Shutts Corners......

Sidel, George, work of

461,462

461-462

454

496

493,494

486

486

486

509

491

545

442

542,543

496

457

443-444

486

460,

Sidney..................

Sidney quadrangle........

Silver Creek..............

Silver Creek quadrangle.. .

Silver Lake..............

Silver Lake Junction......

Silver Springs............

Sixth Lake...............

Sixth Lake dam..........

Skaneateles..............

Skaneateles Lake.........

Skaneateles quadrangle....

Slate Hill................

Slaterville Springs........

Slide Mountain...........

Slide Mountain quadrangle

463,503,532,535,540

........446,450

446,450-451,512

459

459

474

537

537

472

472

518

518

518-519

498

516

493

496-497

Smith, G. S„ work of...460,463,473,475,485 Smithboro,

445

Smiths Mills............

Smith town.............

Smithtown Branch......

Smithville Flats........

Sodus.................

Sodus Center...........

Solon..................

Solvay water tank......

Sonyea................

South Albion...........

South Avon............

South Barre............

South Butler...........

South Byron...........

South Carrollton........

South Columbia........

South Edmeston........

South Gilboa...........

South Haven...........

South Lima............

South Livonia..........

South New Berlin.......

South Schenectady......

South Sc.riba...........

South Trenton..........

South Unadilla.........

South Valley...........

South Warsaw..........

South Worcester........

Southport..............

Spafford...............

Sparrowbush...........

Speculator.............

Speed sville.............

Spencer................

Spencerport............

Spring Brook...........

Spring Cove............

Spring Glen............

Springfield Center.......

Springtown............

Spring water............

Sprout Brook..........

Spruce Lake...........

Stafford...............

Stamford..............

Stanley................

Starkville..............

Starr Farm............

State Line.............

Sterling................

Steuben...............

Stewart............. .. .

Stockport..............

Stockton...............

Stokes................

Stone Mill.............

Stony Brook..........

Stony Creek...........

Stony Creek quadrangle

Stony Ford...........

Stony Hollow..........

442

461

462

512

523

524

514

508

456

506

533

546

523

546

539

484

450

495

462

533

532

450

447

521

469

450

496

537

495

454

519

453

465

517

515

543

536

437

497

483

488

533

486

473

480,534

495

526

483

542

457,511

522

440,504

496

452,492

540

504

502

462

439,482

474

453

488

Page.

Page.

Stottville.............

Stratford.............

Strykersville..........

Stuyvesant Falls.......

Summerdale...........

Summit..............

Summitville...........

Sundown.............

Sutton, Frank, work of,

Swains...............

Swart wood............

Sweden Center........

Sweets................

Syosset...............

Syracuse..............

Syracuse quadrangle.. .

492

477

494

492

542

496,512,537

497

497

538,539,544

456

516

544

450

461

507

507-508

Union Springs... Union Square. . . .

Unionville.......

Upper Ebenezer..

Urbana..........

Utica............

Utica quadrangle,

519

506

498

536

530

. . . .449,468 449,468-469

V.

T.

Taberg quadrangle.........

Tabor Corners.............

Tahawus..................

"The Glen”...............

Theresa...................

Theresa quadrangle........

Third Lake...............

Thirteenth Lake House.....

Thirteenth Lake quadrangle

Thomas, J. E., work of.....

Thompson, R. P., work of..

Thompson Ridge..........

Threemile Bay............

Throopsville...............

Thurman.................

Tioga Center..............

Townsend.................

Transit...................

Trenton..................

Trumansburg..............

Truxton..................

Tucker, L. E., work of......

Tufts, W. O., work of......

Tully.....................

Tully Center..............

Tully quadrangle..........

Tunnel...................

Tupper Lake...............

Tupper Lake Junction......

Tupper Lake quadrangle....

Turin....................

Turners...................

Tuscarora.................

Tusten...................

Tuttles...................

Twelve Corners............

Tyrone...................

505

533

466

439

502

441,502

472

466

465-466

479

503,547

497

502

520

439,482

445

529

545

470

526

514

473,503

497

508

508

508

446

,476,477

437,476

475-476

504

490

456

453

532

518

530

Valatie................

Van Etten.............

Van Etten Junction.....

Van Loan, Seth, work of,

Van Nostrands.........

Van d alia...............

Varick.................

Varna... .•.............

Varysburg.............

Venice Center..........

Vermilion..............

Vermontville...........

Vestal.................

Vestal Center...........

Victor.................

Victory Mills...........

Vintonton.............

Virgil.................

Volusia................

492

516

516

485,487,490

481

443

525

517

535

527

521

464

511

511

532

479

487

514

541

W.

Waddington quadrangle,

Waites................

Wakely dam...........

Walden.................

Wales Center...........

Walker, A. M., work of

500

459

465,467

453,489

536

465,

U.

Ulster Park..

Unadilla.....

Union........

Union Centre, Union Hill...

488

446

“45,510,511

511

524

Wallace..............

Wallington............

Wsllkill..............

Walton...............

Walton quadrangle....

Walworth...........

Warners..............

Warrensburg.........

Warsaw..............

Warwick..............

Washington Mills......

Wassaic..............

Water Valley..........

Watertown............

Watertown quadrangle

Waterville.............

Watkins..............

Watkins Glen.........

Watkins quadrangle...

Watts Flats...........

Waverly..............

Waverly quadrangle...

Wawbeek.............

Way land.............

Wayland quadrangle. .

468,473,475,477,482,485,507

530

523,524

489

451

451

524

522,542

482

535,537

498

449

491

547

441,503

441,503

484

529

529

528-529

542

445

445,516

464

533

533

Page.

Wayne Center.................

Webster...................

Webster Crossing..............

Weedsport...................,

Weedsport quadrangle..........

Wells.........................

Wells Bridge..................

Wellsburg.....................

Wellsville.....................

Weltonville...................

Wende.......................

West Amboy...........

West Bloomfield...............

West Branch. 4................

West Camden.................

West Canada Creek............

West Canada Lakes quadrangle.

West Candor..................

West Chenango................

West Eaton...................

West Edmeston...............

West Exeter..................

West Fulton..................

West Galway..................

West Hurley..................

West Junius...................

West KUl.....................

West Leyden..................

West Park....................

West Portland.................

West Rush....................

West Salamanca...............

West Seneca..................

West Shandaken...............

West Stony Creek.............

West Taghkanick..............

West Winfield............

Westerlo......................

Westerville....................

Westfield.....................

Westfield quadrangle...........

Westons Mills.................

Wethersfield Springs...........

Wetmore.....................

Westtown.....................

Wheat, J. H., work of..........

Wheatville....................

523

524

533

523

522-523

474

446

445

443

510

536

506

532

504

506

470

473

515

511

510

449,450

484

486

481

488

525

493

504

488

540

532

443

458

495

474

492

484

485

504

Wheeler.......................

White Creek..................

White Lake...................

White Lake quadrangle.........

Whiteport....................

WThite’s store..................

Whites.......................

Whites Corners................

Whites Mills..................

Whitman, J. M., work of........

Whitney Point................

Willard.......................

Willets Point.................

Willett.......................

Williamson....................

Williamstown.................

Williamsville..................

Willow Creek..................

Willow vale....................

Willseyville...................

Wilmurt......................

Wilmurt quadrangle............

Wilson, H. M., work in charge of,

Wilson Corners................

Winchells.....................

Windham.....................

Windsor.................

Winfield quadrangle............

Winterton....................

Winthrop.....................

Wolcott......................

Wolf Run.....................

Woodbury....................

Woodhull.....................

Woods Lake..................

Woodwards Hollow............

Wooglin......................

Worcester.....................

Wurtsboro....................

531

470

472

498

489

450

454

547

513

460

512

511,527

460

512

523,524

506

536

526

449

516

471

471

435

518

491

494

.....511,525

449,484-485

497

501

523

457

489

472

475

547

540

447

497

541

541

538

537

505

498

520

545

Y.

York..................

Young, Gilbert, work of, Youngs................

Zurich,

455

547

450

524

REPORT

ON THE

ESTABLISHMENT OF GAGING STATIONS

AND THE

MEASUREMENT OF DISCHARGE OF STREAMS

IN CONNECTION WITH THE

BARGE CANAL IMPROVEMENT

X

■

REPORT ON GAGING STATIONS AND DISCHARGE OF STREAMS.

State of New York,

Department of State Engineer and Surveyor.

Albany, N. Y., January 2, 1906.

Hon. Henry A. Van Alstyne, State Engineer and Surveyor, Albany, N. Y.:

Sir.—I have the honor to submit the following report on the establishment of gaging stations and the measurement of the volume of discharge of streams which will be utilized or influenced by the construction of the Barge canal:

The first work undertaken by this Department to obtain a continuous record of the fluctuation of the water-surface of the various waterways affected by the Barge canal improvement was done in April, 1904, by establishing gages at desirable locations on the Hudson, Mohawk, Oswego and Seneca rivers. These gages have since been maintained and others have been added, at various times, on these rivers and their tributaries, also on the Genesee river, Tona-wanda and Wood creeks. Readings of the stage of the stream are taken twice each day by regularly employed observers, who report them once a week to the Division offices. Thirteen of these gaging stations, located on the Hudson and Mohawk river watersheds, were established and are maintained in co-operation with the U. S. Weather Bureau. Duplicate readings are sent by the observers to the Albany Station of the Weather Bureau, which uses the information for its freshet and flood predictions.

A list of the gaging stations maintained by this Department is appended hereto, giving the location, date of establishment, observer’s name and elevation of zero of each gage.

Following instructions issued by Mr. Henry C. Allen, Special Deputy State Engineer, the Resident Engineers of the various residencies on the Mohawk river have established gages on all permanent structures, at which readings are taken of the stage at least once a week, and in flood time every day. Observations are taken of the extreme high water of each rise and at some stations the rate of rise is noted by taking hourly observations. These readings are reported each week to the Albany office, where the records are kept in tabulated form. These records will be of value in the design of coffer-dams for the construction work on the river and in the management of locks and dams on the finished canal. Observations of water-surface were also taken by the Resident Engineers on the Mohawk river simultaneously at frequent points during the low-water stage in August, thereby giving the actual slope of the water-surface and a low-water profile of the river.

Previous to August, 1905, the work done by this Department to obtain a daily record of the volume of discharge of the streams upon which gages had been established, was confined to stations located at dams where the flow could be computed by means of the weir formula. At all such stations discharge curves were made showing the discharge for different heights on the crest, but the results obtained were in many cases unsatisfactory and unreliable, owing to the leakage, especially in timber dams, the irregularity of the crests and the difficulty of measuring and keeping a continuous record of the water diverted for power purposes and for the supply of the present State canals. The calculated discharges at these stations give some desired information, but it was not thought advisable to include in this report a daily record of the flow, except at three or four stations where the conditions were known to be favorable.

Current-meter gaging stations have been established since last August on various streams where a daily record of the flow is needed for the intelligent preparation of plans for the Barge canal improvement, and for the purpose of having a record that may be compared with the changed conditions after the completion of the proposed canal. Stations have also been established at several locations for the purpose of checking existing records. Numerous meter measurements have been taken during the past fall at these stations at different stages of the streams, but they are not of sufficient extent yet to make rating tables from which to estimate the daily discharge. Meter measurements have also been - taken at different times on several of the canal feeders and on raceways and power canals, but no attempt has been made to make a continuous daily record of these artificial waterways.

The methods adopted in the field work have followed in general those employed by the United States Geological Survey, a description of which is given in the “ Report on the Gaging of Volume of Discharge of Streams” in the Supplement to the Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor for 1902,

Descriptions and tables of discharge of the various gaging stations where a record has been maintained that is of value to the work in connection with the Barge canal improvement, also descriptions of the recently established current-meter stations, are appended hereto. Much of the data and information used in the compilation of the tables was kindly supplied by Robert E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, to whom our thanks are due, and separate acknowledgment of which is made in the text. The descriptive matter in the text, the tables and the hydrographs follow the forms heretofore used in previous reports on stream measurements to the Stato Engineer and Surveyor. The only matter that requires special attention, to avoid misapprehension, is in the tables of maximum and minimum discharges which are the means for twenty hours and do not represent the highest and lowest flows of shorter duration.

No work has been done by this Department during the past year in the establishment of gages or the measurement of the discharge of streams outside of the territory directly affected by the Barge canal improvement, our operations being confined to creating records and obtaining such information as is required for the proper execution of the proposed improvement.

Respectfully submitted,

C. ARTHUR POOLE,

Assistant Engineer.

it

Gage

established.

Gaging Stations Established and Maintained for the Barge Canal Improvement.

Observer.

Elevation

of

zero.

S. H. Pearson....... Jan. 22, 1905

Sept. 19, 1904 Mar. 9, 1905 April 11, 1904 April 11, 1904 April 11, 1904 April 11, 1904 Mav 1, 1904 April 11, 1904 April 11, 1904 Oct. 23, 1905 Aug. 14, 1905 Aug. 15, 1905 Aug. 16, 1905 Aug. 18, 1905 Aug. 18, 1905 Oct. 30, 1904 April 1, 1904 April 3, 1904 April 3, 1904 Dec. 1, 1904 April 1, 1904 July 9, 1905 Aug. 24, 1905 April 3, 1904 April 3, 1904 Jan. 1, 1906 Nov. 18, 1904 Nov. 23, 1904 Mar. 21, 1905 April 3, 1904 Nov. 18, 1904 Nov. 10, 1904 i Oct. 18 1905

lO Tfl ^ rt< lO ^    rf -rtl ^ Tfi Tf< rf ^ rjH rfl    rfl rf r^t Tf ^ ^ Tf< ^ rj< rt* rf Tfl lO lO

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo oo ooooooo

Cfo 05 05 05 <ji 02 05 05 a a a a a a a a o> cn os a os a a a 05 a a os cs os a 05 a o> a a a <ji a a o a

HrlrlHrtHHHHHrlrtnHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HH HHHriHHH

Tf'co CO CO CO O CO CO W <N (N (M CO CO COCO t^COCOCOC^ 05 05 05 rH T-H 00 00 tCtCtCrJi Tt< CO CO rf OOHHTfON (M (MCKNCKNWhhhhhhh    hh    hhh hh C'd <N (M hCI

> >>!>>>>a•crS:3:c:3rS:S:H:a:3:H:S:3:H:H:H:2:HrH:3:5:c:H:H:c *3 b !S:3 b^ >>a

O G3 c3 cj cj p TO C3 — 0,QHQ,Q<p,C}.0,Q,&Q,Q,Q,0,0,Ci,Q,D<0,&Q<ftCi,Q<QHCLi P-P» P-P*^ ^ ^

hi

S. H. Pearson Frank Sisson.

B.    F. Thebo..

R.    S. Metcalf.

F.    C. Bristol..

L. C. Brazier.

L.    C. Brazier.

! L. C. Brazier..

G.    Hammond. Wm. Dunstan.

j R. B. Searles.. Marvin Elms.. W. E. Downing

H.    C. Tinker. .

H. C. Tinker. .

J. B. Mackey..

J. B. Mackey..

S.    L. Cluett.. .

G.    W. Baldwin A. H. Pickard. Wm. Butler...

R.    Wils

J. Reepmeyer, Jr J. J. Vrooman...

S.    S. Fonda.....

A. Devendorf.. .. W. Quackenbush

H.    Edick, Jr. . . . J. B. Mahoney...

M.    K. Freemeyer E. L. Hoffman...

C.    W. Young. . . . C. W. Young....

oSoioSoooSS^SS^o^^⁰⁰

COt-'-i>t>.Tt<iO',tfTt<(MOeOrHCOOOCOC5C50

Location.

Eastern Division.

• mi

rHNCOCCHNHCOHHOCOCO

»O^iMrHj>t^rfC0^G0C0i0O»0

<MCO<MoooO^OOt^TFOOO’-iO>

^‘Ol>OOC005CDI>O5C000t0O

N H H

<MC^<M<MCOCOCO*OC^t^O

E. D. Jones..........

John Phillips.........

John Phillips.........

Daniel Brown........

Daniel Brown........

Fred Miller...........

E. A. Evans..........

E.    A. Evans..........

F.    B. Randall........

G.    H. Meeker.........

Adniram Hart........

Adniram Hart........

L. McArthur.........

L. McArthur.........

J. Chamberlain.......

G. Archambo.........

G. Archambo.....

F. M. Hughes........

F. M. Hughes........

F. M. Hughes........

J. M. Johnson........

] Read by men from

-    Barge canal office,

) at Fulton.

Smith Sharp.........

Smith Sharp.........

Roy L. Smith........

Roy L. Smith........

S. L. Purdy..........

S. L. Purdy..........

D. D. Tompkins......

Solomon Walts.......

Solomon Walts.......

Frank Shane.........

j Read by men from

-    Barge canal office,

) Syracuse.

A. A. Fuller..........

A. A. Fuller..........

Ed. Carlton..........

Wm. Prettie..........

James Ray...........

Edward Jones........

Edward Strong.......

481.72

426.46

428.10 454.97

464.63 479.00

502.30

507.63

365.88 367.06 365.69

363.93

360.64 360.13

359.17 356.82 352.90

348.64

345.94

345.64 347.76 355.7* 338.0*

306.25 305.03

301.10

295.18 286.61

280.37 266.07 264.23

360.32 358.27

361.26

360.88 369.55*

372,17

374.37

373.30 375.56

376.33

381.46 429.53

STREAM.

Lake Champlain Wood creek. . . .

Hudson river...

Hudson river. . .

Hudson river. ..

Hudson river...

Hudson river. . .

Hudson river. . .

Hudson river. . .

Hudson river...........I    Above

Hudson river...........j    On free bridge at Clark’s    Mills

Hudson river...........J    On toll bridge at Schuylerville..............

Hudson river.......I    On B. & M. R. R. bridge    above Mechanicville

Hudson river........... On toll bridge at Mechanieville.............

Hudson river........... Above    Electric Power Company’s    dam    below    Mechanicville

Hudson river........... Below    Electric Power Company’s    dam    below    Mechanicville

Hudson river........... Above    State dam at Troy.....................

Hudson river........... Below    State dam at Tr

Hoosick river........... Above dam at Hoosick Falls................................

Hoosick river........... Above upper dam at Schaghticoke................

Sacandaga river......... On highway bridge at Northville.............................

Mohawk river........... Above Cohoes Water Company’s dam at Cohoes. •..............

Mohawk river........... Above West Troy Water Company’s dam above Dunsbach Ferry

Mohawk river........... Above State dam at Rexford Flats...........................

Mohawk river........... On Scotia highway bridge at Schenectady.....................

Mohawk river........... On Suspension bridge at Tribes Hill..........................

Mohawk river........... On highway bridge at Fort Plain.............................

Mohawk river...........j Above State dam, Little Falls...............................

Mohawk river...........! On highway bridge between Mohawk and Herkimer

Mohawk river........... On Black River R. R. bridge at Utica.............

Schoharie creek.........[ On D. & H. R. R. bridge at Schoharie Junction....

Schoharie creek..........J On West Shore R. R. bridge at Fort Hunter......

West Canada creek......[ Below Utica Light & Power Co’s, power-house......

West Canada creek......| Above Utica Light and Power Co’s, dam..........

Below dam at Whitehall Above dam at Whitehall

Above feeder dam at Glens Falls.......

On Bridge street bridge at Fort Edward Opposite Snook kill..................

! Above Crocker’s Reef...........

i Above dam at Fort Miller.......

Below dam at Fort Miller.......

About one mile below Fort Miller dam at Northumberland..

oy

{i

Middle Division.

:■

On Powell’s bridge below Stittville.............

Below State dam at Rome....................

Above State dam at Rome....................

Below dam at Ridge Mills.....................

Above dam at Ridge Mills....................

On highway bridge about two miles below Delta Below dam at Delta..................

Above dam at Delta...............

On highway bridge at Sylvan Beach On bridge at Brewerton............

Above lock at Caughdenoy.............

Below lock at Caughdenoy.............

Above dam at Oak Orchard............

Below dam at Oak Orchard............

On highway bridge at Three River Point Above dam at Phoenix.. .

Below dam at Phoenix...

On highway bridge at Hinmansvjlle..............

Above site of old Horseshoe dam.................

Below site of old Horseshoe dam....... ..........

At mouth of Ox creek..........................

Above Oswego falls dam...................J. ’ |

Above lower Fulton dam....................

At mouth of Black creek.................... ... .

Above Battle Island dam.......................

Below Battle Island dam.......................

Above Minetto dam............................

Below Minetto dam............................

Above High dam............................. '

Below High dam...............................

Above dam at Oswego.........................’

At head of Gaskin Reef.........................

On highway bridge at Belgium............] ! ’ ” ’

At Mud lock..................................

At outlet near Long Branch.....................

At head of lake...............................

At foot of Jack’s Reefs.........................

Above Jack’s Reefs.........................' ''

On highway bridge one-half mile west of Cross lake

On highway bridge at Mosquito Point............

At N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. bridge near Fox Ridge.

At West Mud lock, foot of lake..................

Above State dam at Fayetteville.................

Nine Mile creek Mohawk river.. Mohawk river.. Mohawk river.. Mohawk river. Mohawk river. Mohawk river. Mohawk river. Fish creek.... Oneida river.. Oneida river.. Oneida river.. Oneida river.. Oneida river.. Oneida river.. Oswego river.. Oswego river.. Oswego river.. Oswego river... Oswego river.. Oswego riv Oswego river Oswego riv Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Oswego river... Seneca river. . . . Seneca river. . . . Seneca river. . . , Ononadaga lake Ononadaga lake

er

Seneca river Seneca river river river iver

yuga lake. . . . Limestone creek

Seneca Seneca Seneca r Ca

* Readings to be subtracted.

Gaging Stations Established and Maintained for the Barge Canal Improvement—(Concluded).

Gage

established.

Observer.

Elevation

of

zero.

Location.

STREAM.

LOiOiOiOiOiO vO vO    VO VO ^ Tf VO

oooooo oo    ooooo

05 05 05 05 05 05    05 05    m    05 05 05 05 05

r—I ?H t—I rH rH t—I    i—H rH    bO    •    T—* 1 1—1 r—*

O00OiHrH*Cr    coco    -S §    CO oT CO CO o'

<M<NCO<M<NCO    <N<N    T3    t-i hh^

J. F. Wickham. .......

B. C. Office, Lyons Wm. J. Swartz,

G. E. Krill....

Jas. Farrell....

Jacob Snell, Jr........

) Read by men from >• Barge canal office,

) Tonawanda.

380.00 390.00 406.00 506.00 508.00 560.00

560.00

560.00

Lloyd Kast....

B. Kellogg.....

Chas. Brannock. Chas. Brannock, Wm. Moran....

412.69 450.16 361.75 372.27

506.70

Western Division.

On Sodus street bridge at Clyde...........

On Geneva street bridge at Lyons..........

On highway bridge 1£ miles west of Newark On W. S. R. R. bridge at Genesee Junction. On Brown’s bridge near Scottsville.,

On Change bridge at Pendleton,

Above dam at Tonawanda.....

Below dam at Tonawanda.....

Readings are also received from the following gages established by the U. S. Geological Survey.

On highway bridge at Kast bridge.....

On Main street bridge, Chittenango. . . .

Below Baldwinsville dam.............

Above Baldwinsville dam.............

On Elmwood avenue bridge, Rochester.

Clyde river.......

Clyde river.......

Ganargua creek...

Genesee river.....

Genesee river.....

Erie canal........

Tonawanda creek. Niagara river.....

West Canada creek Chittenango creek.

Seneca river......

Seneca river......

Genesee river.....

HUDSON RIVER DRAINAGE.

HUDSON RTVER AT FORT EDWARD, WASHINGTON COUNTY, N. Y.

This station, which is located at the dam of the International Paper Company, was established in 1895, in connection with Upper Hudson storage surveys.* The darn is of framed timber on slate rock foundation, and has but little leakage. The crest is straight, very nearly level, and 587.6 feet in length. The crest gage zero stands at the level of the lip of the dam proper. Flash-boards are usually maintained on the dam from 15 inches to 18 inches in height. A record is kept of the height of flash-boards, and of the times of their setting and removal.

There are 62 water-wrheels in the adjoining mill. These are nearly all of modern types which have been tested at the Holyoke flume. A record is kept of the daily run of each in hours, as well as of the working head, which is usually 19 feet. The discharge through the turbines is taken from diagrams expressing the flow as a function of the working head and number of wheel-hours run.

In the winter of 1896-1897, a flood spillway was cut around the south end of the dam, over which the water begins to flow whenever it reaches the level of the crest of the flash-boards. The profile of the spillway is very irregular and causes some uncertainty in the calculated flow during times of high water.

Whenever the flash-boards are off from the main dam, the flow is computed by means of coefficients derived from the U. S. G. S. experiments on a model dam of similar cross-section.

With the flash-boards on, the flow has been computed from Francis’ well-known formula for the thin-edged weir. During the dry season, but little water passes over the dam, the entire flow being employed to drive the turbines.

A new and accurate profile of the crest of the dam, obtained in 1903, has been used to determine the discharge for 1903, 1904 and 1905.

The drainage area tributary to the Hudson above Fort Edward is 0.62 of that of the same stream above Mechanicville gaging station. The principal intervening tributaries are the Hoosic river and Batten kill, having drainage areas of 730 and 460 square miles, respectively.!

*See Report of State Engineer and Surveyor of New York, 1895, p. 105.

fWater-power of the Upper Hudson river is described in report of New York State Engineer and Surveyor, 1895, pp. 124-154.

During the navigation season, water is diverted from Hudson river at Glens Falls feeder dam, seven miles above Fort Edward, for the supply of the Champlain canal.

Current-meter measurements have been made in the Glens Falls feeder as follows:

By R. E. Horton and H. R. Beebe in 1904, at Glens Falls, N. Y.

DATE.

Water-surface below top of Bridge seat.

Discharge.

August 25

9.57

Second-feet.

302

By C. A. Poole in 1905, at Change bridge below Guard Lock.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Water surface below dock Discharge, stick.

Sept. 25, 11 a. m. Sept. 25, 3 p. m..

Feet.

42.2

42.2

Square feet.

262

262

Ft. per second. 1.13 1.11

Feet.

1.5

1.5

Second-feet.

295

292

Mean Monthly Run-off of Hudson River, at Fort Edward, N. Y. [Drainage area, 2,800 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-Feet.

MONTH.

1896.

1897.

1 vis.

1899.

1900.

1901.    1902.    1903.

1904.

January. . February.

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October.. . November. December.

3,400 2,492 6,363 16,212 3,910 3,714 2,672 1,312 1,581 3,352 8,759 6,340

1,578 1,721 5,635 12,674 9,229 9,737 8,743 6,679 1,456 1,384 7,529 2,720

CO ^ C CO Cf) <N lO CO COhcOhtHtHCOCOO'OOCO CO"tC5CC'-DOCOXOCOINO

cocc

Cn Ui Cn *v|

3,527 1,902 5,005 16,811 9,561 1,617 1,150

1,347

1,033

5,098

5,157

714

3,211 7,074 3,934 16,914 6,358 2,83*1 1,248 1,652 1,110 1,243 5,077 5,331

1,827 2,422 1,547 2,218 3,445 13,316 21,154. 7,060 8,395| 4,692 6,256' 5,293 2,190, 7,204 2,531 4,743 2,463' 2,466 2,679 4,841 2,138 5,191 4,807 4,961

G000C500rf*.4^<JK>C5^lOi00

^ o co /Doootooa^o^coto

OiO — 005^^^00 000000

4,889

3,403

7,009

16,028

10.247

5,090

2,211

2,949

2,753

6,440

2,844

2,248

Second-Feet Per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1896.

1897.    1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February. .

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.21

0.89

2.27

5.79

1.40

1.33

0.95 0.47 0.56 1.20 I 3.13 : 2.26

OtOOOlOWWW^tOOO

o^tooo^

1.26 0.68 1.79 6.00 3.4L 0.58 0.41 0.26 0.48 0.37 1.82 1.84

1.15 2.55 1 .40 6.04 2.27

1.01

0.45

0.59

0.40

0.44

1.13

1.18

0.65

0.55

1.23 7.55 3.00

2.23 0.78 0.90 0.88 0.96 0.76 1.06

0.

0.79

4.75

2.52

1.67

1.53

2.57

1.69

0.S8

1.73

1.87

1.76

1.75 1 .22 2.50 5.72 3.66 1 .82 0.79 1.05 0.98 2.30 1.02 0.80

r

r.‘

crq

rt

T)

o

I-*-

e-

*<

1905.

000+

0009

OOO 2/

0009/

00002

000+2

1905

asooo

-1

0002?

yy *»s

JAN. 10 20

FEB. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAY. 10 20

JUNE 10 20

JULY 10 20

AUG. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

DEC. 10 20

MONTH.

January.. February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

The year

DAY

1905

2. . .

3...

5...

6.. .

8. ..

10... 11... 12. ..

13.. . 14. ..

15.. .

16

17.. .

18.. .

19

20. . .

22. ..

23.. . 24. . .

25.. .

26

27.. .

28.. . 29. ..

30.

31

Inches on Drainage Area.

1896.

1897.

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1 .40 0.96 2.62 6.46

1.61

1.48 1.10 0.54 0.63 1.38

3.49 2.61

0.65 0.64 2.32 5.05 3.80 3.88 3.60 2.75 0.58 0.57 3.00 1.12

1.51

1.27

5.75

4.11

2.93

1.40

0.56

1.18

0.80

1.38

2.11

5.80

1.95 0.70 2.05 6.69 3.83 0.63 0.47 0.30 0.53 0.42 2.03 2.12

1.32

2.64

0.75

0.57

1.61

1.41

6.74

2.61

1.13 0.51 0.68 0.44 0.50 1.26 1 .36

8.46 3.45 2.50 0.90 1.03 0.99 1.10 0.85 1.22

0.99 0.82 5.47 2.81 1.93 1.71 2.96 1.95 0.98 1 .98 2.09 2.03

1 .53 1 .95 7.02 2.54 1.05

2.87

1.88 1.84 1 .23 2.75 1.48 1.46

2.02

1.27

2.88

6.38

4.22

2.03

0.91

1.21

1.10

2.65

1.14

0.93

24.28

27.96

28.80 21.72! 20.80

23.23

25.72

27.61

26.74

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hudson River, at Fort Edward, N. Y.*

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June.

2,660 2,479 2,070 38,907 11,420 3,279 4,323 2,429! 2,282 36,435 11,005 3,415 3,898 1,98412,171 30,865 8,313 1,143 3,566 2,589| 1,903 24,235 9,469 3,390 3,028 2,284! 1,759 23,445 8,095 3,162 2,913 2,251 2,326 26,355 5,572 2,778 2,244 2,281 2,160 27,215 7,660 2,663 2,109 2,420 2,370 22,785 6,795 4,897 3,968 2,568 2,350 19,520 7,073 8,087 3,596 2,459 2,055 15,765 6,795 12,007 3,604 2,004 1,714 15,375 6,605 9,112 3,214 2,133    544    17,185    6,175    7,804

3,118 2,257 2,084 18,045 5,779 7,121 1,288 2,47212,055 17,705 6,177 8,525 2,188 2,534:2,077 16,065 5,789 7,865 3,755 2,523 2,250 17,940 6,175 6,362 3,058 2,428 2,245 13,985 5,789 3,521 3,058 1,790 2,988    941

2,713 2,232 1,884 2,307 2,660 2,192 3,09312,162 3,003 2,397 2,693)1 ,948 2,46211,633 2,502 2,307 1,964:2,215

1,567!.....

.511.....

to to

July.

4ug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Mean.. . .

|2,843 2,222

1,713 11,555 5,428 11,393 444 9,725 4,880 12,035 ,318 8,095 2,471112,466 ,615' 7,888| 5,060 15,868 ,496115,200 5,428 17,986 ,590 16,990 4,325 16,83? ,392|16,345 4,325 13,952 , 734' 14,745 3,665 11 ,078 ,523 11,420 3,665 11,245 ,737 11,1401 2,009,13,572 ,603 9,7251 5,462114,470 8,405) 5,147 12,993 9,8101 3,529 11,620

..... 3,339 ......

- -1 - . ,

4,436 17,762; 5,917 9,021

884

9,089 8,544 9,560 8,026 14,611 6,505 17,047 5,495 16,681 2,682 14,775 3,701 12,700 4,085 9,846 3,873 9,112 3,007 9,461 3.007 8,147 3,007 5,311 2,057 5,520 2,771 4,604 3,649 2,110 3,007 4,418 3,759 4,437 5,495 3,512 7,537 4,397 4,443 4,222 4,012 4,199 3,472 1,980 3,122 2,773 3,007 1,739 3,007 3,122 3,007 3,122:1,487 3,122 1,702 3,007 2,349 1,237 1,911 237 1 ,747 7,361 1,246

6,499

3,701

1,841 3,908 4,228 5,928 2,409 5,093 4,897 3,424 4,219 3,824 6,255 6,427 10,263 3,759 3,92419,639 17,943 3,623)6,725 8,506 18,279 3,508 7,024 8,506 16,958|1,197 6,758 8,631 14,574 2,180 7,776 7,606 11,71513,757 7,457)5,049 9,810 2,506 7,44216,486 ,083 3,007 4,479 5,179 7,922 2,757 2,099l3,529 8,337 5,894 5,829 4,221 7,537 6,510 5,530 3,823 6,424 6,130 5,591 3,823 3,257 6,027 5,059 1,335 4,647 4,986 5,272:1,702 7,274 4,364 2,773 2,913 10,811 4,325 4,219 2,663 12,397 4,574 4,840 3,279 13,969 4,979 3,372)3,665 11,138 6,247 3,007 4,009 10,380 6,666 3,411)2,498 9,221 5,561 3,372)5,772 8,549 4,503 1,383)9,099 6,958 4,503 3,741 4,487 6,108 4,093 3,513)3,665 5,378 1,5963,122 3,415 4,938 5,201 3,257 3,415 2,521 5,112 4,212 2,605 4,075 ..... 5,891

8,829

4,338

4,686

4,871

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hudson River- at Fort Edward, N. Y. [Drainage area, 2,800 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

4,323 2,5S9 35,578 38,907

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

January. February March... April. .. .

1,288

941

411

7,888

2,843

2,222

4,436

17,762

1.02 0.79 1.58 6.34

CO CO 00

rH 0C0CO

i—i O tH l>

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hudson River, at Fort Edward, N. Y.—(Continued).

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

11,420

17,986

17,047

8,544

18,279

6,666

7,776

9,639

2,009

2,663

1,246

1,841

1,197

1,383

1,335

237

^^^00COO5COOl

b~ rH 05 rH 05 00 CO HNO3ONW00N 05 o ^ t> 00 CO CO 00

1—‘COH-^tOCOfcO

a ox t-⁴ co w to t—4 ^    & o\ to to to

05 00 <N <N 05 b- y-< T^iOCOidOt^OOO

<N CO <N t-i CO »-i t-H

30.33

Total

HUDSON RIVER AT FREE BRIDGE, NEAR CLARK’S MILLS, WASHINGTON COUNTY, N. Y.

A meter gaging station was established at the highway bridge over the Hudson river near Clark’s Mills, October 23, 1905, by C. A. Poole.

This bridge, which is commonly known as “Free Bridge,” is about three-quarters of a mile south of the State dam at Northumberland and about one-quarter of a mile north of the mouth of the Batten kill. A record of the flow of the Hudson river was desired at Northumberland, but the difficulty of obtaining a continuous record of the water diverted for the use of the mills at Thomson and the changing of the crest of dom by the use of flash-boards made it impracticable, and this station was selected as a favorable place for making meter measurements, inasmuch as it is near enough to the Northumberland location to furnish a record and give all information desired for that location. The entire yield of the watershed passes the station, except that diverted at the dam at Northumberland for the supply of the Champlain canal.

The gage is of the weight and chain type, and is attached to the lower cord of the north truss of the east span at first panel point from pier.

The datum to which all gage readings are added is 83.12, which is the elevation of bottom of weight when the end of chain is opposite the zero of the gage. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken twice each day by Wm. Dunstan.

Several current-meter measurements have been made here, but they are not of sufficient extent yet to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge.

The meter measurements are made from the bridge, which consists of three spans, with a total length of 426.2 feet between abutments.

The river channel is partly of rock and partly of gravel and of uniform cross-section under the bridge. About 400 feet below the bridge are rapids, which do not influence the meter readings, except perhaps in extremely low stages when back water might be formed. The channel is straight for several hundred feet below the bridge where the stream is divided by an island. Above the bridge the river bends slightly to the south.

HOOSIC RIVER AT BUSKIRK, RENSSELAER COUNTY,

N. Y.    .

A gaging station was established at the highway bridge in Buskirk village, September 25, 1903. Bert C. Henry, observer. Gage readings are taken twice each day from a chain gage attached to the • bridge.

Current-meter discharge measurements have been taken and rating table made under the supervision of R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. G. S., and the accompanying tables have been computed from data furnished by him.

Hoosic river has its head waters on the west slope of Hoosac mountains in Vermont and Massachusetts. Two head branches, one flowing southerly, the other northerly along the west slope of this range, join at North Adams, Mass. The stream then flows in a northwesterly direction, entering Hudson river three miles north of Mechanicville. The drainage basin above Buskirk is rugged and precipitous, the distribution of tributaries affording rapid concentration of the run-off from the steep rock slopes. The soil is generally firm and tenacious in the valleys. The ridges are sparsely wooded. The general elevation of the valley at the junction of the head waters is 1,000 feet.

Numerous dams, affording power for textile, agricultural implement, and other industries, are scattered throughout the length of the stream from North Adams to Schaghticoke.* There are no important lakes and but one storage reservoir in the drainage basin, this being at Farnham, near the head of the south branch.

The State boundary to the south of Hoosic river follows the Taconic ridge, which forms the divide between the Hoosic in Massachusetts and the Little Hoosic river in New York.

* Water-power as it existed in 1880 is described in Vol. 16, 10th U. S. Census, 1880, Water Power, Pt. 1, pp. 375-380.

List of Discharge Measurements on the Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Dis

charge.

1905.

Mar. 28

Mar. 29

Aug. 8.. Aug. 9..

S H. R. Beebe... l C. A. Swancott J H. R. Beebe... I C. A. Swancott C. C. Covert C. C. Covert

Feet.

143.6

143.6

127.0

125.0

Square

feet.

1,094.8

1,090.7

421 .0 404.0

Feet per second.

5.516

Feet.

7.00

5.63

1.19

1.03

6.98

2.18 1.92

Second-

feet.

a6,035.0

6,141.0

499.3

417.1

a River frozen over below bridge. Ice along shore above. Indications, back water from ice pond below.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y.

DAY. ) Jan. Eeb.

Mar.

April. May.

June. July, j Aug. ) Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1903.

308

396

317

524

317

507

480

434

lt’iS

247

346

524    *

35U

5MI

480

557

429

840

618

424

480

407

5:;r,

::s(

10

11

12

13

5,167 3,225 1,621 1,395 1 .067

546

5-J I

5" 7

507

412

480

346

14

’899

491

524

15

7S0

16

7'. u

17

80S

Is

19

20

21

1 ,465 1,415 1 ,067 921

22

s:;:;

23

Mis

24

766

25

270:    718

26

279

754

27

247

634

28

407

601

391

31

317

580

552

524

412 1,050 381 1,227 507i2,043 858|1,841 1,840 1,631 1,049)1,526 718)1,590 658:4,608 694 1 ,695 718 1,164 718    962

524 1 452:1,736 634 2,134 .....|2,157

,876

Mean

318

979

625)1,138

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1904.

10

1,695:7,40'22,375!    2,344    802 1,375

1,662 3,840:15,1651    4,130    885114,985

1,50512,416|l0,310l    4,270|    760[ 6,360

585    2931

172 1.256

tin.-.

552

772

r:;u

652

225

176

'941

486    356

440

396|

261

381

247

INS

778

322

332

312

284

176

195

234

184

435

557

346

4S0

284

502

217

535

184

172

234

557

502

612

WOiCOOCOCO^^OW

OiCO cn ►— I—> to C5 Qi O

*—¹ to to ^ o cr.o

totocoooo^

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT

10 20

SEPT 10 20

ill

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

I9Q3

JUNE 10 20

MAV 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Hoosic Kiver at Buskirk, N. Y., 1903.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

•Sec ff

0009

Z 000

6.000

OOO’P

4,000

000'e

ooo'z

0007

/

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1004

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

§MAR. 30 20

Discharge of Hoosic River at Buskirk, N. Y., 1904.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

<9.000

7.000

6.000

3.000

■4-000

3.000

3000

/ooo

DEC. 10 20

Til

a

8

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

O

jj

MAR. 10 20

J

Discharge of Hoosic River at Buskirk, N. Y., 1905.

g

3

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

/j

OOOff

7000

6000

3000

■4000

3.000

2.000

ooo'/

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

2x

29

.:n

31

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y.— {Concluded).

DAY.

1904.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

ugisas: gb ggbb ®b2 g ss*g sfg s

Ui 00 05 as ^4 CD as Cn CO COQi COOO-vJH-tCHCHCnCHOi h* I— to to CO 05 Cn MMHHM    h-( to

t—to to CO

>-‘i-‘>-*tOCnOOtOtOCni—‘tO^COCOCO^CnOiOiaiOO

^►£-MOiCOOCO©COtO»—‘O^tO to O ‘ -xj tO “xj CO COMCOOtOOCHCOtOi—CO^iCOf—4^.tO — toto^lto oaiao aiOCTiQcaiOOOiOMCooo oioioot

• to CO CO to to to H-*    h-*    H-*

OtOOiOi-ii-^COOOtO^GCCntO^^GCfO^CO

COCOCOOOCOtOCO^cOOOCOeo^^ooou^OO

toccotcotoaiojwffioitooscnoioitvoo

960 3,159 865 2,065 760 1,652 700: 1,375 6401 1.137 1,295 1,887 1,200 1,345 2,087 1,365 1.164

’976

826

778

706

7:.u

640

’983

640

596

x ;;;

552

784

4Mt.

1,237

914

457

475

796

440

1.52

676

Mean.... 1,455 2,016| 5,639 2,170 1,

DAY.

1905.

475

457

469    234    265 766    376;i,042

322    376    256 £08    391:1,155

469    293    221 808    327 1,395

396    168    217 730    519!1,276

332    279    4,050 718    502 1,295

265    234    1,821 646    519 1,247

188    217    846 646    4754,182

230    184    706 536    407 1,067

279    155    452 519    407 1,200

261    225    417 519    317    990

234 1,025    457 1,405    670 1,025

261    541    417 4,255    748 1,128

225    502    402 2,008    640 1,025

168    463    381 1,526    612 1,067

270    317    417 1,119    670    969

225    336    486 1,119    475 1,067

261    288    552 1,119    475 1,705

279    172    452 892    574 4,950

391    242    452 826    446 1,684

293    214    2,019 790    557 1,093

176    191

766

,536,    329    294    560    943    535 1,272

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y.*

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. I May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct. Nov.

Dec.

>'■

10

12. . .

13

11

15

16

17

18

19

960 6,450 955 3,960 1,011 3,118 941 2,606 941 3,385 960 4,360 1,025 3,273 955 2,380 1,025 1,600 1,182 1,920’ 1,182 3,720 1,415 4,5301 1,345 3,2251 2,562 2,380 1,789 1,375 1,705 1,8651 1,375

20

21

22

23

•2 I

25

26

27

28

29

30

820 1,684 899 1,495 1,067 1,395 969 1,375 2,476 1,475 2,440 1,475 3,720 1,621 3,830 1,579 2,145 1,445 1,600 1,516 1,375 1,415 1,621 1,375 2,750 1,395 1,832 1,315 1,395 1,155 1,295! 1,276

I, 345 1,315 1,315 i1,247 1,375

II, 02511,495 8724,315 SOS 1,345 885'1,295 712 1,200 1,547 1,684 748 1,110 1,516 1,200

8,730 1,128 3,900 1,025 2,168 1,475

885

790

730

872

772

748

730

7i.ii

652

670

670

748

712

670

612

640

629

'.HI

612

748

670

688|

670

585

312

562

497

1,146

664

.-51

872

266

574

496

293

351

513

412

429

327

279

266

327

346

261

191

252

463

510

629: 1,011 519: 3,705 446 1,931 446j 1,276 417!    796

341! 1,435 429 1,435 30, 1,033 °'tI 796

327

125    664

155

«£>19

496

481

279

463

402

351

402

391

381

303

381

270

541

4Wi

356

366

760

1,726 1 ,042

730

6 in

270 1,375 351 1,445 303,1,182 332I 730

351

519

293    596

2561    541

188    530

2471    486

332

407

2,053 2,145

1,025

3,310 ,455 3,620 2,087 1,600 1 ,247 1,155

541

712

530!

557

640

574

557

463

407

790

772!

366

376

356

4171,705 308 1 ,276. 279 8,075 356 6,740 446 3,077 446 2,380 640 1,942 596 1,547 585 1,395 475 1,067 955

463

712

790

391

969

I - XX

990!

833

712

670 2,0"0 3,010 2,008 2,284. 1 ,375 1,128: 941

852:

530

446

475!

475

429

£02

688

772

530

574

530

557

429

407

366

391

391

417

391

341

x-,.9

899 .

730

790

7(111

£08

700

670

700

341 1,155 293 1,247 955

::nx

'21-1

772

772

417

Mean....

1,765

1,343

3,091

2,248

5631    695

518.    722

1,414    513

.54511,516

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y. [Drainage area, 579 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. ! Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches. •

1903.

October.. November December

5,167

1,840

4,608

247

346

346

1,138

1.69

1.08

1.95

1.20

1.97

2.27

1904.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

6,035

7,400

22,375

4,270

2,476

14,985

652

1,025

4,050

4,255

748

4,950 :

492

1,210

1,076

< .4*1

4 10

168

155

172

180

317

1,455

2,016

5,639

2,170

1,146

1,536

2.51

3.48

9.74

3.75

1.98

2'.' 1

590

943

1,272

2.65 0.57 ! 0.51 i 1.02 1.63 : 0.92 2.20

Wl-‘>^F-‘O©t0b0hf.l-‘Wk3

OiOOOl—‘OiCiCObOi—‘tOM© WWOO^CCCTSCROOOOW©©

Total

35.14

Run-off.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hoosic River, at Buskirk, N. Y. [Drainage area, 579 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum. i Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. . . February. ..

March......

April.......

May........

June.......

July........

August • September.. October November.. December..

3,830

1,684

11,110

6,450

772

3,705

2,971

2,145

4,455

790

4,360

8,075

712

941

7::o

30

1.91

I .ss

279

585

356

261

670

1,76

1,34

3,091

2,248

no;,

5 1 .S

722

1,414

51 :

545

1,516

29.15

Total

HUDSON RIVER AT MECHANICVILLE, SARATOGA COUNTY, N. Y.

A record of the flow of Hudson river at Mechanicville has been kept by the Duncan Company, beginning December, 1888. The record includes two daily readings of the depth on the crest of the dam, and a continuous record of the run of the water-wheels in the adjoining paper mill. The accompanying tables show the monthly and daily mean flow at Mechanicville, computed by Mr. R. P. Bloss, the engineer of the company.

The flow over the dam has heretofore been computed by the Francis formula for the Merrimac dam:

Q =3.012 L H¹-⁵³;

L being 794 feet. H = depth on crest of dam in feet. The same formula has been used in all cases, whether flash-boards are on or off.

The water-supply of Champlain canal is drawn from Hudson river above Mechanicville; the gagings at Mechanicville do not, therefore, represent precisely the natural yield of the drainage basin.

During 1904 the dam was increased in height by the addition of a rounded concrete crest, raised to the height of the flash-boards formerly used. A new apron has also been constructed. These changes have caused a break in the record. A new discharge table for the dam has been prepared, using coefficients derived from the experiments of the U. S. Geological Survey at Cornell University.

Mean Monthly Run-off of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y., Calculated by Means of the East Indian Engineers’ Formula.*

[Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH. 1888.

1889. ! 1890. I 1891. 1892. j 1893. ¹ 1894.

1895. j 1896. ! 1897. J 1898. ; 1899.

January... 6,367 10,983 11,270* 8,284:18,857 3,192! 6,757 February.. 3,714 3,790 7,913 11,664 9,263 4,805 4,836 6,845j 8,280 11,129 17,736; 10,929! 8,250 14,738 21,200 13,690 15,053 20,02ll21,554,17,889:11,135 21,420 8,871:17,931 5,533 19,622|22,285: 7,566 4,917! 6,869; 7,392 3,200; 12,395! 4,801! 7,097 1,537 5,727 1,950 August.... 1,725! 4,272 2,019 September' 2,851 1,963 8,844 October...; 4,608; 3,740 9,215 November.! 10,642 7,888 9,121 December.! 10,014! 13,226 3,244 8,577 4,031 7,217

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

4,367 10,889 6,913 13,741 5,436 7,303

7,895 2,617

* Special Report on Water-Supply, by George W. Rafter, U. S. Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways.

Mean Monthly Run-off of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y., Calculated by Means of th East Indian Engineers’ Formula.

[Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893.

1894.

1895.

1896. 1897.11898. 1899.

January... February.. March

April.....

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

WUihOOOh^^hOh

tOCOOCiCOCoOM^lCnQO^

toa>toooocrfi.©C5CototOH-i

2/44 0.84 1.84 3.04 1.97 1 .52 1.28 0.95 0.44 0.83

■CO

to CO ^ O Cl CO ^    o

hOOOOOOh^COM

©©CO4xCnOi<JtO4^COOiQ0 >-* t—1 CO 01 © to H-* to 4^ 00 ^

©H-i©©i—‘tOt04^i^tOtOi£k.

©OCOCOtOQO©© © CO©©

©O^H-O

C£QOQOCnh-‘OiO<OcOQO©l,<l Oh‘a>£OH-©^jcn(X)COMH-

1.50 0.86 1.08 0.79 3.28 0.93 2.471 5.31 1.68 1.52 1.58 0.63 0.70 0.50 0.55 0.87 0.41 0.58 0.81 0.58 1.42 1.87 0.97 2.42

hWOOOOhhcjiCOhh

OiOOOiOiClOOOiOOOi

WtOOO^tOtOtO^tOO©

1.72

1.50

4.49

3.07

2.47

1.17

0.57

1.13

0.84

1.75

2.05

1.22

1.49

1.17 2.14 5.25

2.17 0.58 0.54 0.31 0.46 0.58 1 .42 1.02

«rl

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1888. 1889. 1890. 1891. 1892. 1893. 1894. 1895.

1896. 1897. 1898. 1899.

January... February.. March....

April.....

May......

June......

July......

August September October. .. November. December.

tOtOMOOOMOiOlH-OH cd cs —1i*vj^coto^-to-^ooo5

^CDtOOOiOiCOtO

2.81 0.88 2.12 3.39 2.27 1 .70 1.47 1.09 0.49 0.96 1.96 3.39

2.89 1.83 2.85 3.73 4.59 1 .83 0.50 0.52 2.19 2.36 2.26 0.83

tOH-OOOOOH^^tOtO

tOOWCuOQM^COOi^M

N^-OOt-OOOOtONQOtO

tO OO CD CD tO tO

1.851 1.12 2.79 1.77 3.67 1.40 .....

0.82

Mean Monthly Run-off of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y., Calculated by Means of Francis’ Formula for Merrimac Dam.

[Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.'    1903.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October.. . November. December.

I—‘ h-⁴1—‘

OOOCOOSOO

toooi oo o no oiboio t-*

CD^4»—‘i-*tOCnCDtOi^»-“CO*<| ^OOOsOcOH-cOCn^J^OOCO

to

CD O

GO ob> oV ^ 04 CDbibo h-* ^ OOhop-OWOOhJxW

Cd GO <1 CO CD to CD

a> to tobo to co

Ci

5,841    3,087    ......

7,034

9,885

30,938

14,013

3,509

8,472

4,863

5,905

4,118

10,117

5,769

5,297

Mean Monthly Run-off of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y., Calculated by Means of Francis’ Formula for Merrimac Dam.

[Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.

January... February..

March.....

April.....

May......

June......

July......

August September October. .. November. December.

1.81

1.34 4.36 2.90

2.34 1.12 0.61

1 .11

0.85

1.67

1.99

1.17

1.43

1.14

2.07

5.47

2.11

0.56

0.53

0.31

0.45

0.58

1.36

1.62

1.30

to

OCOOOtOOi

.77

72

.00

.91

.52

.60

.42

.47

1.11

1.13

HOOO^C^tOOMOO

oooocoocOM<ja5tooociO

OOCO^COOOCOCOOjt.O^O

1.52

5.53 3.38 1.76

1.40 1.98 1 .40 0.81 1 .53

1.41 1.83

COSNr-iOOOOOOi-i'HiOOOOO

‘O'HCOhNOOOCOCiWIN'H

NOCCOhhhO^hh

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

January.. February March. . . April.

1.64

2.08 1 .39 5.02 3.23

1.18

2.38

6.12

1.50

2.88

1.98

5.60 0.79

0.67

2.00

7.03 1.58

6.36

3.77

1.80 2.28 7.92 3.47

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

La it

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1904

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Hudson River at Mech^nicville, N. Y., 1904,

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

Sec. 52

3-0 000

33000

30 OOO

OOO 02

/5 000

/oooo

5000

MONTH.

Inches on Drainage Area—{Concluded).

1898.    1899.    1900. | 1901.    1902.    1903.

May......

June......

July......

August September October. . . November. December.

2.69 1 25 0.70 1.28 0.95 1.92 2.22 1.35

2.43

0.62

0.61

0.35

0.50

0.66

1.56

1.86

hhOOOOhm

WtOCni^OOiOCO C54^^MCOO-—‘O

2.99 1.93 0.91 1.18 1.00 1.08 0.92 2.16

2.03

1.56

2.28

1.61

0.90

1.76

1.58

2.11

0.90 2.10 1.25 1.51 1.02 2.59 1.43 1.36

The year.

24.08    19.91    20.17    22.66

27.63

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y,

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1904.

2.....

4.....

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22.....

23

24

25

26.....

27 .....

28 .....

29

;n

31

410 5,770 5,770 16,812 29,022 970 4,730 4,930 20,678 28,403 550 4,320 6,030 19,274 26,387 450 4,370 11,180 17,637 25,354 350 3,560 9,130 18,449 22,656 250 3,980 7,968 19,974 20,861 ,330 5,500 6,732 22,700 18,275 ,910 15,130 16,468 24,412 14,522 ,930 9,910 14,54432,127 14,437

,920 8,020 11,611 ...... 13,159

,870 7,680110,560 36,305 12,286 ,780 7,770 9,305 34,358 11,388 ,730 7,270 8,82731,054 8,728 ,840 8,060 8,653 26,537 8,512 ,550 7,380 7,880 22,377 6,897 ,840 5,410 7,378119,549 8,487

,140 5,580 6,910;......11,037

,640 5,500 6,16216,03911,817 ,510 4,270 5,754 15,429 10,362 ,850 5,320 7,266'14,473 12,257 ,600 6,660 7,585|12,921 11,817 ,360 7,310 7,682 11,756 11,369 ,310 11 ,850 9,792 11,198 11 ,245 ,970 9,780 13,754;10,700    ,237

7,770 14,062 13,9 ,800 6,700 22,844116,836 ,790 6,260 23,362 17,962 6,450 20,450 22,387 770 6,550H7,471l25,572

OiO......[16,058 29,131

910 ......116,5831......

,160

84

05 05 05 M 00 CO GO CO

.600

867

338

700

5,616 .....

5,610 .....

5,596 .....

4,518 .....

2,949 .....

4.965    .....

6,377 .....

7.349    .....

21,636 .....

20,225 .....

15,050 .....

12,748 .....

11,719 .....

9.350    .....

7,787 .....

6,825 .....

5,845 .....

5,529 .....

4,395 .....

4.966    .....

4,015 .....

3,913.....

3,899 2,608

2,578

2,851

2,739

2,548

2,564

2,578

12,368 12,914

2,828

2,919

3,016

3,062

5,800

5,672

5,200

4,578

5,231

4,665

5,573

5,012

4,499

3,258

15,000

14,610

9,095

7,539

7,542

6,269

5,491

5,470

4,938

14,518

14,993

13,621

10,327

9,508

8,889

2,585

4,400

3,388

14,239

Mean.

5,805 6,858|ll ,055 20,737 13,

6,765

2,622

6,259

6,660

14,145

12,353

10,646

8,796

11,780

7,754

6,708

6,065

5,867

5.636 5,042 5,722 4,987 4,773 4,916 4,213 3,913 3,623 5,335 4,230 4,337 4,078 4,210

3.637 3,012 4,453 4,831 3,999 4,131 : ,660 4,374 3,359 3,860 4,156 4,432

::

4,644

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y.*

4>>COtOtOtOCOCOtOCOtOCOCOCOCOtOCOtOtOWCOtOtOGOtOtOOOCO

W -o'© cO 05 05 00 CD CD to CnO CO >—* t—¹ CO MD C500 cO 05 to CD CO 00 O CD Cn 04 ^OCn^JtOCHMCDCDCn^OOJ^lOXICDCO^CDOOOOODi^tOCD^kUCOtOOO

►—oocncoto^^ascocnocoooxicocoajH-o^^i^co-qcotowcococo

r—< CO CO CO

3,922

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

6......

10

05^JQC0004>fi.^050504

COCSQOtOOiOOCO-JOOOCO

tOCO-^OtOOiOCr-tOUCO

3,288

3,903

3,800

2,927

4M93

3,885

3,175

3,435

3,476

2,966 48,877 13,063 4,466 10,394 10,194 4,068 .....

2,966 44,936 12,466 4,430 8,326 9,940 4,066 6,965 2,966 38,229 12,112 4,346 14,444 8,610 4,506 6,586 2,951 31,254 11,105 3,590 13,265 7,025 13,839 6,284 3,574 28,584 11,504 4,623 11,374 5,911 19,544 5,932 3,067 31,678 11,130 4,719 14,932 4,004 20,704 5,463 2,951 33,585 9,254 4,273 12,695 5,840 19,846 5,167 2,951 33,010 10,259 4,203 10,621 4,911 17,573 3,118 2,951 23,784 9,573 6,959 8,503 5,195 15,110 6,158 3,028 22,110 9.972 13,724 8,494 5,676 11,274 5,181 3,018 21,670 9,386 9,955 7,655 5,60S 11,855[4,749

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

12

13

15

hi

17

18

20

22

22.

25

26

27

29

30

31

Mean..

6,659 8,624 7.630 5,538 6,984 5,896 6 461 6,461 6,526 5,421 4,484 5,263 4,950 5,004 4,276 4,112 4,721 4,168 4,213 3,517

6,097

4,564

3,333

3,710

3,264

3,532

4,027

3,705

5,204

3,309

2,927

3,380

3,105

2,954

3,095

4,168

3,080

2,996

3,846

2,982

2.981

2.982 2,951 2,951 3,291

10,067

10,714

8,967

7,166

7,067

6,994

19,276

17,788

24,161

23,881

24,631

32,103

42,838

25,231

24,481

24,031

22,550

21,612

18,715

16,084

13,776

12,186

11.714 15,652 17,326 18,208 17,378 15,450 13,925 13,477

11.715 11,209

7,928

7,632

8,053

8,186

7,173

5,888

5,709

11,067

10,867

14,426

20,395

18,664

15,422

11,915

3,544

9,388

22,748

8,620 8,361 7,539 8,327 7,577 8,736 7,576 7,707 7,356 5,487 7,355 6,396 5,678 5,429 5,056 12,407 5,195 14,109 4,184 14,932 6,203 14,123 6,007 12,364 4,692 ......

6,209

5,922

5,594

5,430

3,638

5,746

4,568

4,721

5,444

5,302

4,974

2,715

4,573

4,429

3,587

3,632

3,839

3,749

3,638

6,562

7,018

4,455

5,812

5,191

6,551

7,396

8,379

5,874

4,981

6,546

5,055

4,828

4,623

4,357

2,524

2,168

3,656

3,520

3,436

5,265

10,564 5,185 11,462 5,344 10,535 8,189 8,853 6,464 7,432 7,374 5,870 6,370 10,617 5,772 15,721 5,612 18,214 5,918 19,708 7,530 18,703 6,463 15,835 8,232 11,297 7,374 12,294 6,770 10,278 5,836 8,810 5,836 8,037 5,533 7,516 4,119 6,823 6,346 ...... 6,128

8,171

9,418

6,870

5,631

12,032

6,067

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile, j

Depth

in

inches.

1904.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November December.

12,970 15,130 I 23,362 j 36,305 29,022 21,636

3,390

3,560

4,930

10,700

6,338

2,509

5,805

6,858

11,055

20,737

13,323

6,765

1.29

1.52

2.46

4.61

2.96

1.50

1.49

1.64

2.83

5.14

3.41

1.68

15,000

Y, 754 I 11,973

2,828

3,0i2 2,726

6,660

4,644

3,922

1.48

1.65

1.03

0.87

1.15

1.00

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Hudson River, at Mechanicville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 4,500 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November

„8o»oSK»o

COC^C<tT-J

SSSSSSSSSS

LO 03 05(M >-<    rH.

<£> COOS

M    to

Ci to oi a co oo to

1.56

0.82

2.41

5.64

2.09

2.34

1.76

1.44

2.98

1.55

DEC.

10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

T

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

I

MAR 10 20

Ob

Discharge of Hudson River at Mechanicviile, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN 10 20

. /'A

•?o. ooo

3£, OOO

30, ooo

es. ooo

eaooo

/£ OOO

/o, ooo

£.000

A gaging station was established at the toll bridge in Mechanicville, August 16, 1905, by D. B. LaDu of this Department. The gage is a vertical board, graduated to tenths, and is fastened to the down-stream end of the east pier of said bridge. Readings are taken twice each day and the appended table shows the mean of these observations reduced to elevation of water-surface. Current-meter measurements have been made from the bridge as follows:

List of Discharge Measurements on the Hudson River, at Toll Bridge, Mechanicville, N. F.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Elevation of water-surface.

Discharge.

1905.

Feet.

Square feet.

Oct. 10. Nov. 13

457.0

461.5

4,640

4,870

Feet per second. 1.06 1.37r

Feet.

(i ::

0.8

B. C. Datum. 49.07 49.57

Second-

feet.

4,900

6,649

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of the Hudson River, at Toll Bridge, Mechanicville, N. Y.

DAY.

.Ian.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June, j July.

Aug. Sept.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

in

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

21

23

25

26

27

28

26

30

31

ooS^ocoSScsSc^oo^^ScoSoSSc^ofo^ooS^^§oc '

...............NWNNNNNN

...............rf<TfCO<MCi-H>i-i(Mt^T^t^i>G©T^OC

...............0000000005 0 05 05 0:0:0:05

...............

cocooo<o<o<ococo<ocbo<o<o<o<o<ooooocoocooooo<o<o£ocococo

tOfcOOOtOtOtO^OOOOOOO^OJtOC7iM^tOO<lOOtOOi^lOObO^O<JMCn

49.12

49.22

49.62

49.

49.62

49.92

50.02

50.07

50.27

50.07

49.97

49.47

49.77

49.67

50.02

50.

50.37

50.22

49.17

49.27

49.02

48.87

48.77

48.77

48.82

48.72

48.87

48.82

49.27

50.92

Elevation of zero of Gage = 48.77, B. 0. datum.

MOHAWK RIVER DRAINAGE.

MOHAWK RIVER AT HIGHWAY BRIDGE, NEAR DELTA, ONEIDA COUNTY, N. Y.

A current-meter gaging station was established at the highway bridge over the Mohawk river just below Lock No. 7, Black River canal, and about two miles below Delta, August 20, 1905, by C. A. Poole. The gage is a vertical board, graduated to feet and tenths, and is secured to the south wing of the east abutment of bridge with its zero at elevation 479.0, Barge canal datum. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken each morning and evening by Fred Miller.

During ordinary stages of the river, discharge measurements are made from the bridge, which consists of one span of 101.6 feet. In low water the measurements are made by fording the stream about 1,000 feet above the bridge, where there is a straight channel of uniform cross-section. The channel at the bridge is of gravel and of uniform section directly under the bridge, but there is a small island about 150 feet up-stream, which affects the flow during the low stages.

The current-meter measurements, which have been made here, are not of sufficient extent yet to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge.

This station is located within 1,000 feet of the site of the proposed dam for the Delta reservoir and the drainage area is practically the same, being 140.16 square miles.

The yield of the watershed above this point is influenced considerably by the Black River canal, which receives its initial supply from the Black river watershed and an additional supply from the Mohawk river at Delta. The diversion at Delta is in some measure counterbalanced by the water which returns to the river from seepage through the canal banks and flow of waste-weirs.

Current-meter measurements of the flow in the Black River canal have been made during the past year by C. A. Poole, at the farm bridge about one mile south of Boonville, where the total flow diverted from the Black river watershed to the Mohawk river can be measured. Measurements have also been taken of the flow in the canal, opposite the rhTer gaging station, from the highway bridge below Lock No. 7. The results of these gagings are given in the accompanying tables. No attempt has been made to obtain a continuous record of the flow

in the canal, the measurements being taken simply to get some idea of the average flow.

A description of the upper watershed of the Mohawk river and additional data and information regarding the flow in the Black River canal may be found in the report of Mr. Kuichling in the State Engineer’s “Report on Barge Canal,” and in the report of Mr. Horton in the Supplement to the Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor for 1902.

List of Discharge Measurements on the Black River Canal, at the Highway Bridge, Below

Lock No. 7.

DATE.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean

velocity.

Elevation of water-surface.

Discharge.

Aug. 17 Aug. 18 Sept. 7 Sept. 22 Nov. 8

1905.

Feet.

41.7

41.7

41.7

41.7

41.7

Square feet. 145

149

153

148

148

Ft. per second. 0.94 0.79 1.03 0.97 0.89

Feet.

488.22 488.32 488.40

488.29

488.30

Second-feet.

136

117

158

143

131

List of Discharge Measurements on the Black River Canal, Below Boonville, N. Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean

velocity.

Below dock stick.

Elevation of water-surface.

Discharge.

1905. Aug. 19.. Aug. 19. . Sept. 1. . Nov. 15. .

Feet.

40.4

40.4

40.4

40.4

Square feet. Ft. per second. 175

Feet.

177

179

185

1.18

0.99

1.10

1.18

1.75

1.70

1.65

1.50

Second-feet.

206

175

197

218

NINE MILE CREEK AT POWELL’S BRIDGE, NEAR STITT-VILLE, ONEIDA COUNTY, N. Y.

A gaging station was established at Powell’s bridge, one mile below the village of Stittville, November 4, 1905, by C. A. Poole. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken once each day by E. D. Jones, from a weight and chain gage attached to the bottom chord on the down-stream side of the bridge.

The datum to which all gage readings are added is 481.72, and the elevation of bench mark on west side of the bridge seat of south abutment of bridge is 504.435, Barge canal datum.

Nine Mile creek drains a large portion of the territory on the north side of the Mohawk river between Utica and Rome, emptying into the latter stream near Oriskany. Its channel will be improved and used as a feeder for the diversion of water from West Canada creek

to the summit level of the improved Erie canal, according to present plans. The drainage area above the station is 62.6 square miles.

A gaging station was maintained at this point by the U. S. Deep Waterways Commission during their survey in 1898. At that time there was a dam about 200 feet below the bridge, which has since been destroyed leaving the flow unimpeded. The channel is of rock, of uniform cross-section and straight for several hundred feet each way from the bridge, and the conditions are very favorable for current-meter discharge measurements. Several meter measurements have been made since the gage was established, but not in sufficient number or range to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge. Mr. Horton of the U. S. Geological Survey made several discharge measurements at this bridge during 1904, referencing the elevation of water-surface by measurements to tie bar on down-stream side of bridge.

ORISKANY CREEK NEAR ORISKANY, ONEIDA COUNTY,

N. Y.

Oriskany creek rises in Oneida county and receives the inflow from storage reservoirs at the head of Chenango river and flows in a northerly direction, emptying into the Mohawk river. Gagings of the diversion from these reservoirs to supply the Erie canal are described in the State Engineer and Surveyor’s Reports for 1903 and 1904.

The flow of the creek is diverted, as a whole or in part, at the State dam during the navigation season of the canal. The dam affords an opportunity to determine the freshet discharge of the stream during the spring period from the time the ice goes out until the opening of the canal.

A record of the flow of this stream has been kept at various locations near Oriskany at different times as follows: In 1898 a station was established at the State dam, at head of Erie canal feeder, and a continuous record of the flow was kept for two years and was then discontinued owing to the uncertainty of the accuracy of the discharge, due to the leakage of the dam and the diversion of water in feeder. The data and information regarding this record may be found in the State Engineer and Surveyor’s Report for 1902. Another record kept at Colemans is described in the Report of the U. S. Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, 1900, Pt. II, pp. 594-595.

A gaging station was established by R. E. Horton, at Wood road bridge, one mile above Oriskany village, June 5, 1901. Discharge measurements were made during low water by fording the stream a short distance below the bridge, but conditions were unsuitable for measuring the high water, so this station was discontinued No-

vember 30, 1904. A new station was established by R. E. Horton at Colemans, one mile up-stream, where a cableway has been erected for use in making meter measurements.

Observations at this cable station were begun August 13, 1904, and are taken twice daily by Peter Gambel.

The accompanying tables show the mean daily gage height and discharge measurements made at this station. A table of discharges computed from these observations will give a reliable record for the summer months, but will be inaccurate during the winter months when ice obstructs the creek very seriously.

List of Discharge Measurements of Onskany Creek, at Colemans, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1904.

Sept. 28. . . . Oct. 7... . Nov. 16. .. . 1905.

July 7.... Aug. 26. . . .

Aug. 26. . . .

Sept. 1. . . . Sept. 1... .

C. C. Covert. A. M. Evans. H. R. Beebe.

f eet.

Square feet.

Ft. per second.

Feet.

0.80

0.84

0.68

Second-feet.

112.0

126.0

101.0

H. R. Beebe........

J R. E. Horton.. . I

i C. J. Wood..... f

J R. E. Horton.. . ( 1 C. J. Wood. y C. C. Covert.

, C. J. Wood.

C. J. Wood...

121.0

94.3

86.2

123.4

125.5

2.13

1.14

1.18

0.68

258.3

107.8

1.01

1.89

1.82

0.55

1.34

1.28

87.2

233.6

225.0

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, Oris/cany Creek, at Colemans, N. Y.

DAY. i Jan. Feb.

Mar. April, i May. June. [ July, j Aug.

Oct.

Nov. Dec.

1904.

10

II

12

0.

14

15

16

17

IN

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

29

10

31

1.40

1.75

1.68

1.60

1.78

1.60

2.04

1.62

1.18

1.80

1.12

1.95

0.85

0.78

0.68

0.70

0.62

0.60

©©©©©©©©©o©©©©

©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©

GOOOOOOOOOOOCnCnMOOC005CnC5<| OOtOtOOTtOCPCnQO©©tOtOtOOO Oi

0.82 0.82 0.88 0.75 0.75 0.80 0.S0 0.72 0.72 0.90 1.15 1.05 0.98 0.981 0.62 0.75 0.82 0.82, 0.80 0.78 2.10 1.98 1.35 1.25 1.15 1.15! 1.20 1.18 1.00 1.00

1.02 1.05 1.18 1.00

oooooooooooooooooooooooooo

.70

.95

.92

SN

.85

.00

.75

.78;

.70

.80

.65

■50

52

.62

.92

NN

. 82

.78

.88

r,s

.70

.78

.82

ooooooooo

©OOOOOOOOOOOCXNOO

1.12

DAY.

1905.

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, Oriskany Creek, at Colemans, N. Y.*

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

2.35

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

25

26

27

30..

31.

1.85 2.17 1.80 1.75 1.63 1.55 1.73 1.90 3.35 3.20 3.25 3.40 3.25

3.10 3.15

2.95 1.53 1.50

1.45 1.53 2.03

1.95

2.10

2.45 2.43 2.27 2.23

2.75

2.90

2.47

2.40

2.45

2.57

2.53

2.57

2.57

2.50

2.65

2.45

2.45

2.47

2.50

2.57

2.37

2.33

2.30

2.35

2.30

2.23

2.27

2.20

2.10

2.30

2.23

2.25

2.30

2.20

2.33

2.30 2.27 2.23 2.17 2.17 2.15 2.10 1.93 2.20 2.40

6.35

5.70

4.70

4.30 3.95

5.35

7.60

1.25 1.15 1.10 1.10 0.65 1.30 1.68 1.32 1.30 1.35 1.35 1.20 1.12 1.05 1.05 1.05 0.98 0.98 1 .08 0.98 0.95 0.88 0.82

0.82 0.85 0.68 0.72 0.85 1.08 1.02 1.55 1.12 0.70 1.05 1.20 1.15 0.92 0.82 0.75 0.88 1.15 1.72 2.30 3.75 2.80 1.82 1.45 1.22 4.40 2.35 1.85 1.50 1.22

1.10 1.20

2.32    1.08

2.25    0.92 1.55 0.75 1.50 0.68 1.30 1.05

1.25    1.38 1.05 1.00 0.98 0.78 0.90 0.70 0.85 0.75 1.00 0.62 1.15 1.55

1.32    1.02 1.28 1.40 0.98 3.05 0.90 1.90 0.72 1.38 1.08 1.08 0.92 1.02 0.78 1.02 0.68 0.95 0.55; 0.88 0.75! 0.80 0.72 0.85 0.48 0.58 0.62 0.651 0.50 0.90 0.62 1.45 1.55! 1.88

0.78

0.78

1.25

1.02

2.55

4.80

2.70

2.35

2.15

1.85

1.50

1.45 1.40

2.45 1.85 1.60 1.42 1.42 1.32 2.05 1.62 1.62 1.40 1.32 1.22 1.12 1,0S

0.92

0.92

2.00

1.28

1.08

1.00

0.90

0.92

0.90

0.90

0.98

3.00

2.15 1.72 1.38 1.28 1.20

1.15 2.10

1.70

1.50

1.68

1.50

1.02

1.05

0.98

0.82

0.90

1.38 1.32 1.25 1.12 1.10 1.10 1.02 1.05 1.05 1.02

1.48 1.32 1.35 3.70 1.22 2.35 1.08 2.10 1.58 1.95 1.70 1.80 1.70 1.85 1.60 1.78 1.35 1.72 1.18 1.72 1.18 1.48

1.12    1.48 1.15! 1.45 1.02 1.45 1.22 1.28 1.40 1.38 1.28 1.48 1.28 1.28 1.35 1.22 1.22 1.65 1.051 1.05 2.15 1.10 1.98 1.30 1.68 1.22 1.78 1.22 1.62 1.18 1.58

2.12    2.22 1.82 2.20 .... 1.78

3.38

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U.' S. Geological Survey.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Oriskany Creek, at State Dam, during Freshet Season, 1904,

near Oriskany, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June. I July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1904.

1,250

1,140

635

5511

635

875

825

765

765

10...

1,190

11

12

730

550

13

14

510

15

:;:n

16

5: u

17

4-’ll

18

420

19

385

20

350

22

2-0

2-0

24

27

1,340

2,710

3,855

1,542

2-11

280

280

2-0

28

780

2S0

30

925

31

875

MOHAWK RIVER AT UTICA, ONEIDA COUNTY, N. Y.

A current-meter gaging station was formerly maintained at the Genesee street bridge in Utica, by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, but was discontinued May 1, 1903, owing to changes in the channel, due to the river straightening work begun by the City of Utica. A description of the drainage area of the Mohawk river, above Utica, and a record of the discharge for several months at this station are given in the Supplement to the Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor for 1903.

The present gaging station is located at the bridge on the Black River branch of the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R., crossing the river about three-quarters of a mile west of Genesee street. It was established March 21, 1905, b3r C. A. Poole, in co-operation with the U. S. Weather Bureau. The gage is a vertical board, graduated in feet and tenths, and is secured to the southeast wing of the south abutment of said bridge, with its zero mark at elevation 394.81, Barge canal datum. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken twice each day under the direction of J. B. Mahoney, Superintendent of the Utica Division of the Hudson River Electric Power Co.

This station was established originally for the purpose of obtaining a record of the fluctuation of the water-surface in that vicinity, and has been maintained for that purpose principally. Several current-meter measurements, however, have been made here during the past fall, from which the discharge has been calculated for the different stages of the river at the time of measurement. The location is not favorable, however, for meter measurements, the flow of the stream being sluggish, especially during low water, and the accuracy of the results is questionable, so no attempt has been made to make a continuous record of the discharge at this point.

MOHAWK RIVER NEAR MOHAWK, HERKIMER COUNTY,

N. Y.    ,

This gaging station, which is located at the highway bridge over the Mohawk river between Herkimer and Mohawk, was established November 23, 1904, by C. A. Poole. The gage is a vertical board secured to the east wing of the north abutment of said bridge. It is graduated in feet and tenths and the elevation of zero is 377.43, Barge canal datum. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken twice each day by Henry Edick, Jr.

Current-meter measurements have been made here during the past year, but are not of sufficient extent yet to make a rating table

from which to estimate the daily discharge. The measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge, which has a single span of 124.3 feet. The river channel is of uniform cross-section and straight for several hundred feet below the bridge. About 200 feet above the bridge there is a slight bend to the south. During extreme high water the river overflows its banks and flows through additional openings in the dike formed by the highway, and it will be necessary to measure this additional flow in order to get the total flood discharge at this station.

This gaging station is located about one and one-quarter miles above the junction of the Mohawk river and West Canada creek, and the record here will show the comparative volume of discharge of the watersheds of West Canada creek, as measured at Kast bridge, and the upper Mohawk river, and will, with the record at Kast bridge, serve as a check on the record of the combined flow at Little Falls, kept by Mr. Horton of the U. S. Geological Survey. The drainage area of West Canada creek, above its junction with the Mohawk river, is 569 square miles and the drainage area of the Mohawk, above the same point, is 712 square miles.

WEST CANADA CREEK AT TWIN ROCK BRIDGE, ONEIDA

COUNTY, N. Y.

A current-meter gaging station was established at Twin Rock bridge, September 7, 1900, by Robert E. Horton. A gage board, divided decimally, is attached to the up-stream side of the right-hand abutment, the coping of the abutment over the gage being used as a bench mark. The bridge is 167.5 feet long between abutments, and consists of two spans. The bed is of gravel and cobble, and the entire flow passes underneath at all stages. In the winter the stream becomes completely ice-covered, requiring special discharge measurements. The gage is read each morning and evening by George Rood, and the record is furnished by the Utica Gas and Electric Company. The drainage area is shown on the Utica, Little Falls, Remsen, Wilmurt, Old Forge and Canada lakes quadrangles, U. S. Geological Survev Topographic map, New Nos. 127, 128, 140, 141, 142 and 155.

There are about fifty small lakes and a few undrained ponds in the watershed of the stream. Most of these are situated near the head waters and above the gaging station, the largest single water surface being Honnedaga lake, 1.4 square miles in extent. There is also a small amount of controllable storage, in reservoirs formed by three dams. Swamps and marshes are numerous in the region of the head waters, usually adjoining lakes and tributaries and having an extent of one-half square mile or less each.

Much of the region above the gaging station is timber covered. There are extensive sand areas in the central and upper drainage basins. The soil of the upper watershed is underlaid by granitic gneiss usually at or near the surface, excepting in alluvial valleys. From a point just above Twin Rock bridge, and extending downstream beyond Trenton Falls, the underlying geological formation is Trenton limestone.

Compacted snow accumulates in the woodlands in winter, often to a depth of three or four feet, and representing an inch of water for each five or six inches of snow. This melts slowly, feeding the stream in March and April, which months may show a run-off greatly exceeding the precipitation.

The drainage area above Twin Rock bridge is 364 square miles. Current-meter measurements have been taken and rating table made under the supervision of Mr. Horton, from whom the data for the accompanying tables have been obtained.

List of Discharge Measurements on West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

April 27. . Oct. 11.. Aug. 27. .

Aug. 28. .

Aug. 30. . Nov. 15. . Nov. 17. . Nov. 23. .

H. R. Beebe. ... I

E. F. Weeks.. . . f

D. L. Mott........

J R. E. Horton. .. ( j E. F. Weeks. . .. I

E. F. Weeks.. ..

C.    J. Wood.....

H. H. Halsey.....

D. L. Mott.......

D. L. Mott.......

D.    L. Mott......

E.    F. Weeks. . ..

Feet.

167.5

162.5

158.5

160.0

162.5

167.5 167.5

345.0

Square feet. 1,232.0

375.4

290.5

Ft. per second. 4.06 0.96 0.76

Feet.

6.18 fl .07 t0.63

Second-feet. *5,004.0 *361.0 *220.0

312.4

360.6

643.6 580.0

0.73

0.85

1.12

1.41

t0.83 tl.05 t2.65 t2.15

, *228.9

*307.2

718.9

818.0

* Log jam on center pier 30 feet wide, t Log jam in stream i mile below bridge,

causing back water.

Mean Monthly Run-off of West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, N. Y. [Drainage area, 364 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February. .

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

396

IS ;

1 ,882

.V.s

497

545

520

1,408

2,698

1,441

1.054

’439

487

431

422

531

2,976

4,121

1,957

1,318

1,452

1,772

1,294 1,367 4,321 2,534 470

348

505

785

467

1,555 1,008 1,510

1,352

998

1 ,518 462

2,386

187

415

1,808

4,012

2,561

828

472

984

1,012

1,160

319

278

MONTH.

Second-feet per Square Mile.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January. . . February. .

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.36

1.65

3.87

7.42

3.96

2.90

1.21

1.08

1.32

5.17

1.52

1.34

1.18

1.16

1.46

8.19

1.49

1.43

11.33

5.39

3.63

3.98

4.86

2.16

1.28

4.29

2.77

4.15

3.56 3.76

11 .88 6.96 1.29 3.72 2.74

4.16 1.27

6.56

2.16 1.14

0.96

1.39

4.97

11.00

7.01

2.18

1.30

2.70

2.80

3.19

0.88

0.76

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January. . . February. .

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.20

1.52

5.77

1.75

1.57 1.72 4.46 8.28

4.57 3.24 1.39 1.54 1.32 1.34 1.63 9.44

00 H*

OCKO^OOCOO^OOH-OOOtO

4.10

3.91

13.69

7.76

1.49

4.15

3.16 4.79 1.42 7.56 2.41 1.31

1.10

1.50

5.73

12.28

8.08

2.43

1.50

3.11

*3.12

3.68

0.98

0.88

The year..

40.50

55.75

44.39

Mean Daily Discharge, Second feet, West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, N. Y *

DAY.

Jan.

Feb. Mar. j April. May.J June. July. ! Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

772

674

458

492

509

407

7......

390

424

9......

526

in

526

12

Vis

13

598

Vis

14

7 VI

15

16

750

1.9.1.

17

598

18

560

19

543

20

21

526

22

475

373

23

24

475

25

458

26

424

475

a Interpolated.

7,522 3,655 ■ 3,995!2,768 4,005 206; 4,016 192 7,714 199 6,973 322j 4,813 192j 2,607 220 2,607 1 254 2,659 254 2,871 560 6,973 254; 6.470 237 4;319 254 4,198 150 4,441 1,3631    581

150 2,154 1,363 1,363 390 2,007 1,557 390 1,605 543 1,521

741

201

326

1,145 1,1451 712 6,190 1,1451 1,210 8,888 1,010 750; 6,612    838

712 4,750    727

8821 4,016 1,018 4,844    782

1,216 4,9701 980

782

,724

,766

650

581

727

559

810

591

342

473

755

473

2,768

8,120

8,700

3,710

2,479

1,252

1,040

1,075

638

515    376

650(1,363 713 1,252 1,040,1,198 ,721    72711,145

268

240

395 1,363 3,950 494 1,810 3,350 395 2,382 5,000 358 1,438 4,300 755 2,850 414 1,325 2,020 452 2,768 1,810 376 2,089 1,236 358 1,902

750

326

311

581 1,180 342 1,948 326 1,557

342

376

755 1,066

838

636

755

970

1,252

920

712

750

700 1,075 626 1,075

674

441

675 j

1,995    700    700

838

204

3,111 2,624! 2,042 2,915! 1,252 1,9951 810 1,456 920 1,252 1,010 1,162; 311    995

,080    755

,721    865

184

311

782

727

.■('9

475

526

755 526 755 458 650 970 537 1,018 473 838 626 560

950    950

865

579.

DEC. § 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

c>

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

19

JUNE 10 20

>9.

<CVJ

0££?

APR. 10 20

m3

Discharge of West Canada Creek at Twin Reck Bridge, X. Y., 1905.

Ui

JAN. 10 20

•yy

4000

3'300

3000

?500

?ooo

/soo

/ooo

oo<?

i

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, N .Y.—(Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

28.

1905.

29

492

526

192

31

492

390

1,694 1,900 3,620 7,358

4,938

5,580

6,330

755

882

755

727

1,438 1,216 1,252

1,401 1,438

288

240

494

687

247

1,025

311

727

581

494

473

980

1,401

3,710

579

617

1,262 1,288

Mean...

575

299

855

4,686

1,532

1,442

1,440

588

1,558

926

1,195

1,332

Estimated Monthly Discharge of West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, N. Y. [Drainage area, 364 square miles.]

Run-Off.

Discharge in Second-Feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second feet per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.....

February. . . .

March.......

April........

May.........

June........

July.........

August......

September.. .

October......

November... December... .

The year

772

526

356

185

7,358

8,888

3,655

4,150

8,100

1,363

8,700

2,915

3,710

5,000

I'D

1,521

727

494

184

311

311

473

441

575

1.58

.82

855

4,686

1,532

1,442

1,440

r.vs

1,558

926

1,195

1,332

2.35

12.87

4.21

3.96

3.96

1.62

4.28 2.54

3.28 3.66

1.82

0.86

2.71

14.36

4.85 4.42 4.56

1.86 4.78 2.93 3.66 4.22

51.03

WEST CANADA CREEK AT TRENTON FALLS, ONEIDA

COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the dam of the Utica Light and Power Co., was established October 17, 1905, by C. A. Poole. The gage board is secured to face of dam in a vertical position and is placed above the water-surface, the readings being taken by means of chain and plumb-bob passing on pulley over top of gage. The observations are taken by placing plumb-bob at water-surface and reading the gage at a point .marked on chain ten feet above plumb-bob. The elevation of zero of gage is 1,009.56, to which all readings are added. The gage is graduated in feet and inches and is read twice each day by C. W. Young.

The dam is of concrete with masonry coping and has a spillway 97.9 feet long. Another spillway or by-pass two feet lower than crest of main spillway allows the water to pass through a rock channel on east side of dam. The crest of this lower spillway is 163.4 feet long at an elevation of 1,017.12, Barge canal datum. The discharge over the two spillways has been calculated by means of the weir formula, using coefficients derived from the United States Geological Survey experiments.

The discharge diverted by the Power Company has been computed from diagrams expressing the flow as a function of the kilowatts used. These diagrams were made from tests made by the Power Company to determine the discharging capacity of the turbines, which are a special Swiss design. These tests were made by computing the discharge over weirs placed in the tail-race.

A daily record is kept of the total kilowatts used in twenty-four hours, also the number of hours every day each turbine runs, there being four turbines in all.

The mean discharge has been calculated from each observation taken at the gage, thereby giving a mean for twelve hours, and the maximum and minimum discharges given in the accompanying table are, therefore, means for twelve hours and do not represent the highest or lowest flow of short duration.

A description of the watershed of West Canada creek is given for the gaging station at Twin Rock bridge, which is about six miles up-stream from Trenton Falls. The drainage area at the latter place is 375 square miles.

The following current-meter measurements have been taken in the creek below the power-house to check the calculated flow over dam and through turbines.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

! Elevation | of water- ' Discharge, surface.

1905 October 17 . November 3.

Feet.

109.0

109.Q

Square feet. Ft. per second. 621 i    1.29

2.18

Feet.

3.0

686

3.6

Feet.

754.0

754.6

Second-feet.

801

1,496

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, West Canada Creek, at Trenton Falls, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. ; Feb. Mar.

April. May.

June. | July. Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov. Dec.

1..

1905.

10

11

12

13

1,573! 1,527 2,177 1,078 1,66714,157 1,556 4,611 1,200 2,457 1,1101,776 2,70511,375 2,15511,118 1,785;    968

1,197    r'~~

953    377

964j 669 860 ---

926

699

14

15

1,149    63g

907    55₆

16

887

38₅

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

ill 4. L

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

190

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of West Canada Creek at Trenton Falls, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

■Se>c. />*

OOOff

7000

3000

3-000

■4, ooo

3.000

2,000

ooo'/

Iff-Sol

>

i -    ■.....

*■

r.:

• .* •' -S I,v » ■    <

.*

f

{

;

\

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, West Canada Creek, at Trenton Falls, N. Y.—(Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. May. j June.

July.

Aug. | Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

18

1905.

857

717

19

21

23

24

2,305

2,504

2,070

1,687

1,147

1,081

255

202

458

485

189

535

367

I,HI

25

964

615

26

1,483

1,636

1,328

1,025

823

869

27

730

28

29

750

772

541

579

762

631

601

30

372

31

1,095 3,638

821

524

1,612

1,599

Mean

1,183

1,136

1,205

Estimated Monthly Discharge of West Canada Creek, at Trenton Falls, N. Y. [Drainage area 375 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.*

Minimum.*

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

Octoberf.

November

December

2,995

3,808

5,332

347

180

327

1,183

1,136

1,205

3.15

3.03

3.21

1.64

3.38

3.70

* Means for twelve hours.

+ Record only from the 18th to the 31st of the month.

WEST CANADA CREEK AT EAST BRIDGE, HERKIMER

COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located on West Canada creek about four miles from its junction with the Mohawk river, was established in May, 1905, by R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, and was placed under the supervision of this Department, July 16, 1905.

The gage is of the weight and chain type operated on a reel which is placed in a box secured to the north railing of bridge at first panel point from east abutment. The readings are taken by measuring down from a scale in the box to the water-surface by means of an iron weight suspended by graduated tape, which is attached to the reel. The scale in box is one foot long, graduated to tenths and hundredths, with its zero at elevation 464.04, Barge canal datum. The end of weight used to locate the water-surface is 51.35 feet from zero of tape, which is graduated to feet. The elevation of bottom of weight, when zero of tape is opposite zero of scale, is, therefore, 412.69.

The elevation of bench mark on north end of bridge seat of west abutment is 458.02.

Observations are taken twice daily by Lloyd Kast and the accompanying table shows the daily mean of these observations. Current-meter measurements have been made under the supervision of Mr. Horton as shown in the following list, but they are not of sufficient extent yet to make a rating table from whiich to estimate the daily discharge. A description of the upper watershed of West Canada creek is given for the gaging station at Twin Rock bridge. Between that point and Kast bridge the basin is narrow and its drainage enters mostly through small streams, the main tributaries being Steuben creek from the west and White creek from the east. The drainage area above Kast bridge is 525 square miles.

List of Discharge Measurements on West Canada Creek, at Kast Bridge, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean    j Gage

velocity. ! height.

Discharge.

1905.

April 26. . May 9. . May 15. .

July 8. . Aug. 27.. Aug. 31..

Oct.

7. .

Nov. 14 . . .

J H. R. Beebe 1 Mills........

C.    A. Cockroft j C. A. Cockroft... I i H. H. Halsey.... f

D.    L. Mott.....

D. L. Mott.........

Feet.

195.8

195.8

190.0

195.8

168.5

178.5

177.7

195.0

Square feet. 921.5

614.1

511.0

513.0

264.2 387.7

368.3

583.4

Ft. per second. 4.81

3.30

2.60

Feet.

30.68

29.57

29.39

2.73

1.32

1.77

1.82 3.02

29.44

28.26

28.78

28.67

29.74

Second-feet.

4,438.0

2,026.0

1,331.8

1,402.7

350.0

687.5

593.9

1,763.4

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, West Canada Creek, at Kast Bridge, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. May.

June. J July. Aug. j Sept.

Oct. I Nov.

Dec.

1905.

10

ll

12

13

15

16

17

18

19

21

22

23

24

29.50

29.23

29.43

29.17

29.57

29.37

29.10

29.27

29.03

29.87

28.93

Igtggcocoggghgtogtggtgtotototggtogtotototo

Mvj^torooiMW£)OOCTD^Miocc(X)Oco>-‘C5Ms*q(X)

CO CO Cn QiOCOQi^SOJN O CO M COjvj -4 vINCQvj MOrqCO

totototototototototototototototototototococococoto

OOOOOOOOCOCOCDCOOOOCDCOOOOOOOCDCDOOOCOO^tOtOO

28.

28.78 31.25 34.70 34.48 31.60 30.80 30.20 29.62 29.55 29.18 29.38 29.28

29.

28.92

28.88

28.75

30.72

31.25

30.40

30.52

29.80

29.58

29.22

29.00

28.55 30.3230.30 28.60 30.62 >9.88 29.00 £0.12 33.55 29.10 30.02 32.10

28.88    29.98 31.00 28.65 30.35 30.45 28.60 31.08 30.00

28.60    30.82 29.90

28.58    30.40 29.58

28.55    29.92 29.50

28.45    29.75[29.00

29.55    29.62129.08 30.48 29.58129.30 30.201 29.78i29.08 29.72 29.58 28.60

29.45    29.45 28.60 29.22 29.45 28.60 29.28 29.32 28.78

30.88    29.35 28.82 31.00 29.22 28.92

30.60    28.68 29.72 30.20 28.90 30.68 29.82 28.92 30.38

29.58    29.12 29.88 29.52] 29.42 29.40

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, West Canada Creek,at Kast Bridge, N. Y.—{Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

Mayi

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

26

27

28

30

31

28.77

29.05

29.15

28.97

29.00

28.97

31.35

30.83

30.55

29.70

29.57

28.80 28.03 28.63 28.23 28.47 28.07 28.45 28.32 28.55 28.42 29.73 28.92

28.88 29.40 28.78; 29.20 28.78: 29.05 28.62 28.95 28.68 28.90 .....    28.90

29.42

29.48 29.30

31.48 31.48

29.30

29.18

29.08

29.98

30.25

29.95

MOHAWK RIVER AT LITTLE FALLS, HERKIMER COUNTY,

N. Y.

This gaging station is located at the lower, or Gilbert’s dam, at Little Falls.

The dam is of masonry, having the form of a circular arc in plan, and furnishes power for the Astoronga knitting mill and the Little Falls Paper Company’s mills. In the Astoronga knitting mill there are installed two turbines, one 43 inches and the other 54 inches in diameter, built by T. H. Risdon & Co., Mount Holly, N. J. In the Little Falls Paper Company’s mill are three Camden turbines, and one 60-inch Day turbine, built in little Falls.

•>

There are three dams at Little Falls. The lower two are used for water-power development. The upper one is a State dam diverting water for the supply of Erie canal. The gage record as kept at the lower dam shows the amount of water flowing down-stream from Little Falls, but does not include diversion at the State dam above the gaging station, and hence does not represent the total yield or inflow, from the tributary drainage area of 1,306 square miles.

Current-meter measurements have been made in the canal feeder, below the State dam, as follows:

By R. E. Horton in 1900.

DATE.

May 23......

September 19

Discharge.

Second-feei.

143

179

By C. A. Poole in 1905.

DATE.

Width.

Mean

Area of section. j velocity.

Water-surface

below

bridge floor.

Discharge.

1905.

Feet.

August 31... September 2. November 14

19.0

19.0

19.0

Square feet, j Ft. per second. 86 ;    2.03

1.67 1.93

88

84

Feet.

5.4

5.3

5.5

Second-feet.

175

147

162

In calculating the discharge for 1903, 1904 and 1905, use has been made of the experiments of the U. S. Geological Survey at Cornell University, 1903, on flow over dams.

Mean Monthly Run-off of Mohawk River, at Little Falls, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,306 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January.. . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

2,753

1,5.10

3,757

8,102

2,651

1,014

5,523

3,862

2,469

8,142

2,063

801

803

943

223

2,378

2,493

2,891

2,036

298

694

-.;u

899

1,699 3,360

3,854

3,240

1,741 1,125 4,574 7,061 2,874 3,290 1,124 1,167 1,171 1,472 1,600 3,970

1,433

1,173

9,457

3,513

2,641

3,171

4,984

2,202

1,350

3,284

3,508

3,448

2,309

3,776

10,980

4.323

’929

2,912

1,779

2,541

1,117

4,643

1,862

1,662

1,524

2,447

5,914

8,335

3,987

1,972

1,343

2,033

2,009

3,405

1,148

1,511

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1898. | 1899.    1900.    1901. j 1902.    1903.    1904.

January. . . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.84

1.91

2.21

1.56

2.11 1.15 2.88 6.20 2.03 0.78 0.61 0.17 0.23 ' 0.39

1.30

2.57

tOtOOOOOOMOJHtO^

i4^COC5^Cn«<JOiCntOOOCOtO

OOCn<OOOCOtOt-‘QOCOCOCiCO

COt—‘t—‘©©OtOtOCnCO© OtO^OOOOOOifcO^CnOOCO

tOCOCOO©OitO©i—‘OOiCO

1.10

fcOt—‘bOt—‘H-‘COfcOfcOtO*<I©

.90

.25

99

.02

.43

.82

Os

.51

.92

64

t—‘t—‘COOt—‘t—‘tOOCOOOtO

1.17

1.87

4.53

6.38

3.05

1.51

1.03

1.56

1.54

2.61

0.88

1.16

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.    1904.

January.. . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

2.05

2.20

2.46

1.74

tO^OOOOOtOOOOH-tO

‘•mJQOCOCOCOI—‘GO CDCnGnCncDOM^tOtOCDOi

4.86

3.08

2.18

6.95

1.82

0.68

0.83

0.61

0.53

0.79

3.30

2.85

COhhhhOWIOOJ^Om

^WWOOOGOOiOOCiOOi

MOOO^tOCDtOCOOitOCOCO

1.27

‘^tOlOCOOO©

9-1

.34

.00

.33

.71

.40

.91

. 15

Ml

.21

.95

f—‘8-‘fcOOCOCOCOfcO ’^OSH-iCDtOCn^OCOiMOO

OiOOCiCn^cOtOCOOi-*^

1.35

N CO HHHHCO O

22

52

69

19

Ml

72

01

Ml

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

h9

eg

SEPT. 10 20

ir

>6

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

0©l

0 Z 01

3Nnr

at Little Falls, N. Y.,

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

Discharge of Mohawk

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

Sec.fr

/6. OOO

/4,OOC

/2,000

ooo'o/

ooo'ff

6.000

OOO

2,000

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Mohawk River, at Little Falls, N. Y.*

DAY. Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. I May.

June.

July.

Aug.

U1

o

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905

1..

2..

3..

4. .

5. .

6. .

7..

8. .

9. .

10..

11..

12..

13..

14..

15..

16. .

17..

18..

19..

20. .

21..

22... .

23. .

24.. 25. .

26..

27.    .

28.    .

4,519 4,375 4,258 4,183 3,959 3,579 2,047 2,155 3,585 2,098 1,786 1,795 3,472 3,414 2,403 2,157 1,944 1,621 1,874 1,921 1,649 1,310 1,481 1,438 1,384 1,384 1,099 1.197

1,137 1,178 1,137 1,067

1,063 1,096 1,094 1,099

651

651

995

1,098 1,136 1,134 1,062 1,029

1,024 1 ,059 1,060 1,060 1 ,214 1 ,065

770

511

921

29..

'900

30..

31..

1,178

1,176

1 ,031 1,026 1,061 1,043 1,173 1,132

730 1,923 1,173 5,109 1,173 5,211 1,079 5,203 1,079 5,429 1,079 4,954 1,251 6,308 730 9,180 1,132 14,921 1,132 20,883

..... 14,219

..... 18,341

..... 19,629

885

921

VS6

921

889

18,334 13,521 9,623 8,722 12,051 12,932 11,245 8,446 6,053 5,515 7,056 9,347 8,371 8,351 6,847 5,150 3,715 3,009 2,588 2,701 4,224 10,223 7,380 5,613 4,584 4,680 5,060 4,829 4,825 6,281

5,238 3,885 2,665 3,231 2,839 4,460 5,603 3,520 3,208 2,513 1,926 2,074 1,599 1,801 2,122 1,862 1,267 1,349 1,926 1,820 1,337 1 ,521 1,273 1,298 1,141 1,026 1,313 1,488 1,332 1,204 1,300

1,142 1,027 1,178

903

1,184 1,668 2,175 3,137 3,260 3,196 613 2,640 2,407 2,169 1 ,518 1,270 1,278 3,753 4,381 4,381 6,965 7,306 6,244 5,201 3,597 6,076 6,075 6,154 3,342 2,175

1,725 3,229 3,648 1,728 7,514 1,716 7,351(1,300 4,568 1,029 1,028 3,735 2,358 1,518 1,265 ! ,179 1 ,727 3,642 2,936 1 ,972 5,233 5,08r 3,536 2,002 1 ,681 1,399 1,273 1.142

2,696

2.117 1,731 1,792 1,525 1,229 1 ,583 1,438 2,223 2,823 1,863 1,576 1 ,716 1 ,757 2,518 1,975 1,511

1.118 1,182 1,298 1,300 1 ,072 1,027

’992

917

786

571

797

H*fcO

95s

M.9

4,346

1,222

2,869

^MOCOOO^CJirfi.t0 4^000iCOWC2<ItOCOtOtO^OiCntOOO<lOOO<r

986 3,809 1,027 5,310 2,426 4,037 2,180 3,695 1,028 3,454 1,280 4,311 929 6,328 1,030 6,178 892 5,155 953 3,953 827 3,159 2,912 2,767 3,005 2,407 2,181 2,229 2,176 2,211 1,863 1,480 1,437 1,523

4,245 5,434 4,950 3,597 2,665 2,138 2,031 2,024 5,973 5,620 3,964 3,359 2,778 1,667 2,4! 1 2,105 2,082 2,267 1,870 2,172 1,736 1,973 1,748 4,712 1,399 7,694 1,441 .....

5,325

3,569

13,650

10,989

8,709

6,714

5,808

4,012

3,050

2,854

2,045

2,126

2,126

2,076

1.074

’980

789

1,283 1,351 1 ,658 4,758 6,393 5,577 3,452 3,452 2,312 2,349 2,013 2,285 3,768 4,670

Mean...

2,301

1,051

4,798

7,376

2,230

3,214

2,258

1,962

4,248

2,42013,272

3,910

♦Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological ( Survey.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Mohawk River, at Little Falls, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,306 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March.... April.....

May......

June......

July......

August... September October... November December.

4,519

1,251

20,883

18,334

5,603

7,306

7,514

5,233

18,287

5,973

7,694

13,650

651

511

2,588

1,026

613

sou

571

1,112

827

1,437

789

2,301

1,051

4,798

7,376

2,230

3,214

2,258

1,962

4,248

2,420

3,272

3,910

1.76

0.80

3.67

5.65

1.71

2.46

1.73

2.03

0.84

4.24

6.30

1.97

2.79

1.95

1.50

1.73

3.25 1.85 ! 2.51 2.99 |

3.63

2.14

2.80

3.45

Total

33.87

Additional data and information in regard to the flood discharge of the Mohawk river at Little Falls may be found in the Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor for 1904, pages 560 and 588.

A gaging station has been maintained by this Department in cooperation with the U. S. Weather Bureau above the State dam at Little Falls since November 18, 1904, to get a record of the fluctuation of the water-surface in the pond above the dam. The gage is located about 400 feet north of the canal feeder bulkhead on wing of culvert to waste-weir No. 12, Erie canal. It has been observed twice each day and the following table shows the mean of these observations reduced to elevation of water-surface.

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of Mohawk River, above State Darn, at Little Falls, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1904.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

363.71 363.61 363.61 363.71 363.61 363.61 363.51 363.51 363.41 363.41 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363.51 363 76 363.81 363.81 363.71

27

28

29

30

31

1363.66 |363.56

1363.66

363.66 1363.56 363.66 363.71 363.71 363.71

|363.66 363.96 363.61 365.06 |363.61 365.01 1363.86 365.01 l...... 365.01

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of Mohawk River, above State Dam, at Little Falls, N. Y.

DAY. Jan.

Feb.

Mar. ; April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

19 05.

1 ..... 365.01 363.81 363.711368.96 364.56

2 .....[364.91 363.81 363.7l[367.26 364. 26

364.81 363.81 363.7l[366.56 364.06 364.71 363.81 363.81,366.56 364.26

364.71    363.81 363.81i367.26i364.26 [364.71 363.81 363.81 367.66[364.71

1364.71    363.81 363.8li367.26 364.41

1364.71    363.81 363.81i366.lli364.41 [364.71 363.81 363.81 [365.21 [364.41 [364.71 363.81 363.81 [365.26 364.31 364.51 363.71 363.81 365.46 364.21 364.41 363.71 363.71 366.361364.21 364.66 363.71 363.71 [366.16 364.21 364.61 363.81 363.71 [366.16,364.56 363.81 364.11 364.51 363.81

16..... 364.16 363.91

364.111363.91

4.

5.

6.

9,

10.

11

12.

13.

14..

15..

17.

364.31 364.11 364.01 363.86 363.81 363.91 364.56 364.16 363.96

363.86 364.26 363.86 364.01 364.11 364.26 364.51 [364.46 364.36[364.26 363.71 [365.761364.61 363.711364.46 364.76 364.11 363.71 365.16[364.71 363.7U364.il 365 0l|364.11 363.81 [364.81 [364.61 363.76.363.911364.961364.51

364.01 364.01 364.01 364.01 364.11 364.21 364.36 364.41 364.66 364.61 363.96 364.46 363.81 364.0U363.96 363.911363.81

364.06 365.61 366 26 365.46 364.86 364.26 364.21 364.21 364.06

364.06 363.91 364.36 365.06 364.11 364.01 364.31 364.96

365.91    364.11 364.16 367.26 367.76 364.11 364.21 367.06 369.86 363.91 364.31 366.81 366.81 363.81 364.41 365.36 366.36 363.81 365.36 364 96 365.06 363.81 365.16 364.61

364.66363.91    365.01 364.46

363.81    365.11 364.46 364.11 364.36 364.36 364.71 364.31 364 26 365.06 363.91 364.16 365.1lj363.76i364 06 364.71 !363.51 (363.96 364.06 364.26[363.86

363.96.364.561363.81

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of Mohawk River, above State Dam, at Little Falls, N. Y.

—(Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905. 18_____

19

20.....

21.....

23

24.....

25

26

27

28.....

20

30.....

31

364.01 363.91 363.91 364.71 364.41 364.81 364.46 364.61 364.96 364.21 364.41 364.91 365.36 364.26 363.81 364.71 366.56 364.16 363.81 365.21 365.71 364.-01 363.81 365.36 365.26 363.91 363.81 365.86 365.01 363.81 363.81 367.22 365.06 363.81 363.71 368.01 365.16,364.06 363.71 368.01 365.21 363.86

...... 367.81 365.11j363.96

...... 368.56 365.06 364.01

...... 369.31 ......1364.01

364.01 363.91 364.01 363.91 364.01 363.86 364.01 363.81 363.91 363.81 363.81 363.81 363.81 363.81 363.81 363.81

364.11 363.91 364.56 365.31 363.81 364.56 364.06 364.06 365.41 364.91 364.51 364.16 364.01 365.01 365.41 364.81 364.01 364.01 364.96 365.11 365.76 363.86 363.86 364.61 364.81 365.36 363.86 363.81 364.21 364.31

365.16    363.86 363.81 364.11 363.86 364.96 363.91 363.81 364.11 363.86 366.06 363.86 363.81 364.01 363.76 365.41 363.81 363.91 363.96 363.71 365.76 363.76 363.61 363.91 363.71 365.01 363.76 363.91 363.91 363.71

364.16    363.96 364.01 363.91 [363.71

...... 364.76,364.1 lj......J364.06

364.36

364.21

363.96

363.86

363.76

363.56

363.61

363.61

364.11

364.11

364.36

365.36 365.76

363.81 363.81 363.61 363.81

365.96

365.36 365.31 364.71 364.26

364.16 364.06

364.36

365.16

364.96

Elevation of zero of gage=360.31, B. C. datum.

Current-meter measurements have been taken in the raceways on the north and south side of river, showing diversion of water from State dam. These diversions do not affect the tables of discharge given above as the tailwater enters the river again before reaching the lower, or Gilbert’s, dam.

Discharge Measurements of Raceway, North Side of River, at Little Falls, N. Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Water-surface

below

bridge floor.

Discharge.

1905.

Feet.

August 31... September 2. November 14

13.7

13.7

13.7

Square feet. Ft. per second.

2.66 3.66 3.66

Feet.

58

65

OCnO

Second-feet.

173

212

238

Discharge Measurements of Raceway, South Side of River, at Little Falls, N. Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Water-surface

below

bridge floor.

Discharge.

1905. September 2.. November 14.

Feet.

37.4

42.6

Square feet. 128

156

Ft. per second. 1.99 1.32

Feet.

• 2.2

1.5

Second-feet.

255

206

EAST CANADA CREEK AT DOLGEVILLE, HERKIMER COUNTY, N. Y.

This creek rises in Hamilton county and flows in a southerly direction between Herkimer and Fulton counties into Mohawk river at East creek. A portion of the stream and drainage area is included on the Little Falls topographic atlas sheet of the United States Geological Survey. Observations are taken at High Falls, near Dolgeville, about seven miles from the outlet of the stream. The

gaging station is located at the dam of the Herkimer County"Light and Power Company. Readings of the depth on the crest are taken from a vertical gage board, attached to the bulkhead, 6 feet upstream, twice each day by Willard Hayward. The mean of the readings is used in computing the discharge. A record is also kept of the run of the water-wheels and the elevation of water in the tail-race.

The dam is of rubble masonry 19 feet high, and has a flat crest 6 feet in width and 190.25 feet long between abutments. The elevation of the up-stream edge of the crest is one foot below that of the lip. The impounded water is conducted to the power-house, 500 feet below the dam, through a wrought iron flume 10 feet in diameter. The record, since January 1, 1903, has been computed from a discharge curve based on TJ. S. G. S. experiments on a full-sized model of the dam, made at Cornell University. The flow through the turbines for this period has also been computed from current-meter measurements made in the tail-race of the electric power plant, instead of from the manufacturers’ rating tables for the water-wheels, as formerly.

The turbines are of a special Victor cylinder gate type, the two main wheels are 36 inches in diameter each and their speed is controlled by Lombard governors.

Spruce creek is the principal tributary of the East Canada creek. It enters East Canada creek one mile above Dolgeville, and drains an area of 50 square miles. Water is diverted from this stream at Diamond hill and from Beaver creek, one of its tributaries, and is carried to Little Falls through a vitrified conduit, nine miles in length. The water-supply of Dolgeville is taken from Cold brook, a tributary of East Canada creek. No allowance for diversion for water-supply has been made in computing the run-off for East Canada creek.

Mean Monthly Run-off of East Canada Creek, at Dolgeville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 256 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.    1904.

January.. . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August.... September October... November. December.

816

FI'.i

o:;n

7, s|

fs'.t

564

531

235    257

-7"

248

178

564

196

:::u

101

156

919

166

97

221

174

MI4

448

144

190

194

92 I 133

112

195

249

377

957

252

2 If,

187

706

368

359

864    1,068

5S5

935    1,049

257

♦

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

1

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

N

*

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1009

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

♦

Discharge of East Canada Creek at Dolgeville, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

m

Sec. S/.

■40 oo

3S.OO

30 00

ssoo

SO oo

/s.oo

OO'O/

s.oo

MONTH.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July. August September October... November. December.

MONTH.

January. . . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August. . . . September October.. . November. December.

Second-feet per Square Mile.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.    1904.

2.49

2.27

2.69

2.20

3.19

1.71

2.03

7.72

2.47 0.76 0.65 0.38 0.36 0.43

1.47 2.72

2.08

3.43

1.08

8.15

1.90

1.44

0.86

0.56

0.52

0.76

3.73

1.44

COH-OOOOtOtOOOtOO©

OiOOO<|^OCOCJiCJiCO<ltO

1.00

0.69

6.59 3.17 0.39

2.59 3.14 0.76 0.96 3.36 2.28 4.10

2.60

3.79

11.88

4.85

0.61

3.59

1.75

2.71

0.73

4.17

1.24

1.00

0.66

0.85

2.96

9.15

4.35

1.50

0.97

1.93

1.55

4.09

0.99

0.97

Inches on Drainage Area.

1898.    1899. i 1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.

1904.

2.79

2.61

3.01

2.53

3.67

1.77

2.34

8.65

2.84

0.85

0.75

0.43

0.40

0.49

1.64

3.13

H-^OOOOi— tOCOH-*COtO

C5»-‘OOOTCiCOC5>-lt-*tsDOiCO

Ci0o<ioorfi.co©<otorf>.a>co

rfkHHHOOtOtOOWH

tOOiHOOO^^OOHOOO

©C5CO<OCn00O5>-ltOCOH-*O>

1.15

0.72

7.35

3.65

0.45

2.99

3.50

0.84

1.07

3.87

2.28

4.71

3.00

3.95

13.70

5.41

0.70

4.02

2.02

3.12

0.81

4.81

1.38

1.15

OOMO

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, East Canada Creek, at Dolgeville, N. Y.*

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May.j June, j July. Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov. Dec.

1905.

137

136

129

137

596

!    448

286

324

i 410

304

401

129

110

127

b 1 b 1 3.864

84]

139

101

131

oll7

129

117

89

in

399

112

112

94

113

123

II

12

277

327

100

42

123

95

13

¹    411

115

14

404

120

123

5 NO

121

16

5. is

17

142

125!

150

149

18

612 j 386

131

146

148

4,379

4,097

2,768

1,894

b

1,514 2,713 1 3,342 1 3,047 1 2,750 1 2,295 1 1,652 1 1,264 1 1.177 1

19

348

On

’881

21 >

267

al21

21

22

249

126

738

777

882

23

229

24

172

1171

116

739

700

1,974

2.146

25

169

175

124

600

26

27

132

124

779

2S

136

119

29

126

31

202

125 1,166 123 1,470 1351 2,062 . . . 2,546 . . . 4,045 . . . I 5,004

1,902 1,610 1,606 1,548 1 ,610 1,659 1,843

Oi <1 CO O qiQOO to CO 00 CO ¹iCOCnGi*—^¹ CO tO h-* Oi»—¹‘OOi^OiOWOOiO^D

291

408

223! 2,321 2811 3,299 2131 1,920 228! 1,229 5781    818

1,011

1,069

465

327

2f.lt

200

Ins

617

493

684

165

7 ns

6J"

478

400

319

■155

335!

1,011

1,016

2,003;

1,717!

2,087,

1,178

1,040

423

2-S5

250

269

•226,

314

276

213

227

289 j

382

400

281

218

281

336

250

191

I N5

178

183

617

1-SS

168

134

117

155

172

200

258

427

716

464

306

281

2U s

170

138

122

115

IMS

73

129

231

138

4,065

4,070

2,305

4,422

3,108

1,766

968

213

347

270

287

224

254

1,009

1,213

972

1 ,626 3,300 5,572

876

619

7211

617

376

246

654

519

394

01III

1,028

1,517

1,295

1,152

1,079

748

632

354

344

294

2 S3

249

219

223

192

166

181

878

1,001

1,53

559

632

391

850

1,287 1.292

SOI,

64 1

589

447

458

395

376

276

271

344

1,055

1,523

1,124

1,117

1,982

1,348

1,089

821

668

685

616

537

50 I

443

180

455

409

331

315

329

51 I

285

281

292

422

320

1,195

2,128

455

613

464

401

136

150

196

335

',211

984

858

625

5 in

402

317

322

554

l,22.

490

Mean... 307    116!    762 2,177    914!    834    579    230 1,191    513    699    904

* Record furnished byR. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey. a Feb. 7-20, inclusive, dam obstructed by ice. Record probably deficient. b Record not available.

Estimated. Monthly Discharge of East Canada Creek, at Dolgeville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 256 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.*

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January. . February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October.. . November December.

612

142

5,004

4,379

1,696

2.299

3.299

716

4,420 1,292 2,128 5,572

307

116

762

2,177

914

834

5 711

2.:n

1,191

513

699

904

1.20

0.45

2.98

8.50

3.57

3.26

2.26 0.88 4.65 2.00

2.73

3.53

40.80

Total

* One day minimum controlled by pondage.

MOHAWK RIVER AT TRIBES HILL, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the suspension bridge over the Mohawk river between Fort Hunter and Tribes Hill, was established April 3, 1904, by E. A. Lamb of this Department in co-operation with the U. S. Weather Bureau. The gage is a vertical board attached to the down-stream end of the north abutment of the suspension bridge. It is graduated in feet and tenths and the elevation of zero is 267.71, Barge canal datum.

The elevation of bench mark, marked “U. S. Weather Bureau Tablet No. 13,” set in second course of the northeast anchorage of said bridge is 295.021, referred to the same datum. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken twice each day by S. S. Fonda, Station Agent at Tribes Hill.

Several current-meter measurement s have been taken here since last August, but are not of sufficient extent yet to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge. The meter measurements are taken from the down-stream side of the suspension bridge, which is 535.6 feet long between abutments. The channel of the river is straight for some distance each way from the bridge, and the cross-section directly under the bridge and below the bridge is quite uniform. About 300 feet above the bridge rapids are formed during low water, the river being shallow and having a rough and stony bed.

This gaging station is located about 1,000 feet below the junction of the Mohawk river and Schoharie creek, and the record here will show the combined discharge of these streams from a total drainage area of 3,100 square miles.

The drainage area of Schoharie creek, about its junction with the Mohawk river, is 947 square miles. Measurements of the discharge and records of the flow of Schoharie creek at the State dam, located about 1,000 feet above its mouth, have been made for short periods by several parties in the past few years. The accuracy of the records is questionable, however, especially in low water, owing to the large leakage at the dam and the unevenness of the crest.

A gage has been maintained above the dam by this Department since November 18, 1904, and several current-meter measurements have been made of the water diverted from Schoharie creek, through the feeder, for the supply of the Erie canal.

MOHAWK RIVER NEAR DUNSBACH FERRY, SARATOGA

COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging record is kept at the dam of the West Troy Water Company, one-fifth mile above Dunsbach Ferry bridge, nine miles from the mouth of the river. The dam is in two sections, situated on opposite sides of a Hudson river shale island. The left wing at the upper end of the island has a crest length of 380 feet. The right wing, 500 feet down-stream at the foot of the island, has a crest 280 feet long.

The record was established, March 12, 1898, for the primari^ purpose of checking a system of levels for the United States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, by D. J. Howell, C. E., who has furnished the earlier portion of the record. No record was kept from April 1, 1899, to August 1, 1900.

In the pumping station adjoining the dam, are two turbines of the old American type, one 66 inches and the other 75 inches in diameter. A new 54-inch Victor turbine w^as installed during 1902. The discharge is calculated from the recorded daily run of the water-wheels and working head. The turbines drive pumps, taking water from the river for wrater-supply purposes, at the rate of 1,500,000 gallons per day, equivalent to a continuous flow of two and one-quarter second-feet. The capacity is being increased.

The dam is of masonry, with a flat granite crest 5.5 feet wide. It wras rebuilt in 1903, and a new profile obtained. The crest gage is attached to the timber cribbing 50 feet above the lower section of the dam, with its zero mark at elevation 172.00, referred to the United States Deep Waterways datum. Gage readings are taken twice daily at intervals of about 12 hours, by Robert Wilson. The mean of the two daily readings is used in computing the flow. The discharge over the main dam has been calculated by means of the

weir formula, using coefficients derived from the United States Geological Survey experiments.

During high water the current of the stream through the cross-section of the channel leading to the lower dam has a velocity of several feet per second. The head due to this velocity has been added to the observed head as a correction for velocity of approach to the lower dam. The upper dam is situated 450 feet up-stream from the crest gage.

Mean Monthly Run-off of Mohawk River, at Dunsbach Ferry, N. F. [Drainage area, 3,440 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1902.

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1903.

1904.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

5,681

6,068

9,261

930

6,321

8,007

4,252

672

vs:,

4,922

5,362

2,567

1,141

9,332

18,068

6,622

6,300

1,633

1,580

1,672

2,066

2,004

8,055

O^OtOtO^COCOMO^CO

OM^COOitOOiCOCOCDOtO CO*4 03 00«OOi^003 00^0t O^CiOtOH-^OH-OOOCO

27,430

10,091

1,737

10,338

6,404

12,070

4,270

4,188

2,127

2,231

13,721

18,403

8,039

4,435

2,477

3,763

2,831

6,624

2,790

3,467

a Record incomplete; flow for days of maximum discharge not available.

Second-feetIperISquareIMile.

MONTH.

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.    1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.65

1.77

2.69

1.83

2.33

1.24

0.27

0.20

0.26

1.43

1.56

lOOOOOOHHCntOOO

^cno^^^OocotOMCOM

tOOOOOOMCOCOOtOCOOl

tOHHOOHKHtO^OO

C3COOOC3^lobt-,HCOOiO

COCOQOCOCJirf^COrt^rf*.rf^<ICn

7.97

2.93

0.51

3.01

1.86

3.51

1.24

1.22

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.    1904.

January.. . February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

1.90

1.84

3.09

2.10

2.60

1.43

0.31

0.22

0.30

1.60

1.79

toooooototooicooo

MOCiCnOiCnOtOOO^COOO

COCnCOCnCOrf^CntOCOCOrf^O

COHtOOOHHHtOOlOH

OCRM-sjoot^MCOWOiOiO

COCO^J^JOCOCn^OOCKOCO

to COO coco

h-* CO Cn tO h-* ^03 00^1©

4.05 1 .38

1.41

HOtOOMOHtOOu^OO

tobtooo^g^gg^ |

DEC.

NOV.

MAY

Discharge of Mohawk River at Dunsbach Ferry, N. Y., 1905.

Ser,'. ft

/ 6-000

/4.0O0

/g.OOO

OOO'O/

6.000

6.000

■4000

2000

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Mohawk River, at Dunsbach Ferry, N. Y.*

DAY. ! Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June.a July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

1.....

2.....

4.....

6.....

7.....

10.....

11.....

12.....

13 .....

14 .....

15

16

17

18.....

19 .....

20 .....

21

22.

23 .....

24 .....

25 .....

26 .....

'27

28.....

29 .....

30 .....

31 .....

12,270

8,360

16,660

35,030

21,700

14,610

17,780

9,480

7.420 6,090

5.620 5,490 5,060 5,060

4.620 4,410 3,760 3,260 3,100 3,260 4,410 7,180

13,420

10,120

9,280

7,430

6.420 5,060 5,270 8,720 8,190

Mean.

5,309 1,361,11,527 15,601)4,645 6,080 4,197 3,662 8,602 4,778 5,435 8,953

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, a Dam undergoing repairs; flow slightly obstructed after June 6.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Mohawk River, at Dunsbach Ferry, N. Y. [Drainage area, 3,440 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January. . February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

11,550 1,980 44,890 38,440 8,720 15,370 11,240 13,730 27,480 10,120 15,980 35,030

2,680

757

841

6,420

2,600

2,430

1,640

1,640

2,760

2,100

2,430

3,100

5,309

1,361

11,527

15,601

4,645

6,080

4,197

3,662

8,602

4,778

5,435

8,953

1.54 0.39

3.34

4.54

1.35 1.77 1.22 1 .06 2.50 1.39 1.58 2.60

1.78

0.41

3.86

5.06

1.56

1.97

1.41

1.23

2.79

1.60

1.76

3.00

Total

26.43

MOHAWK RIVER AT COHOES, ALBANY COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the Cohoes Water Company’s dam, was established April 1, 1904, by E. A. Lamb of this Department in conjunction with the United States Weather Bureau.

The gage board is secured to inside of breakwater at north end of forebay about 200 feet above the dam, with its zero mark at elevation 153.47, Barge canal datum. The gage is graduated in feet and tenths and is read twice daily by Wm. Butler.

The present dam is of masonry, and is built in rear of old wooden dam which now acts as a timber approach, having a slope of 1 on 2}. The top of masonry dam slopes away from crest at the rate of 1 on 5, the total width being ten feet. The average elevation of crest is 154.2 and its length is 1,279 feet; there is an additional spillway in gate house of 24 feet, making total length of spill, 1,303 feet. The discharge over the dam has been calculated by means of the weir formula, using coefficients derived from the Cornell University experiments made in 1898. The gate house at entrance to hydraulic canal has four 7x8 foot and five 8x9 foot openings controlled by gates.

The mean discharges given in the accompanying tables are the sums of the computed flow over the dam and the estimated flow in the hydraulic canal, the latter being estimated by averaging the results of meter measurements taken at different times. Using this average as a constant flow for the daytime and f of it, which is approximately the relation, for the night flow, give an average constant flow of 1,200 second-feet for twenty-four hours, which has been added to the calculated flow over the dam to obtain the total flow at this point.

The mean discharge has been calculated from each observation taken at the gage, thereby giving a mean for twelve hours, and the maximum and minimum discharges given in the accompanying table are, therefore, means for twelve hours and do not represent the highest and lowest flow of short duration. The discharges given in table of ‘‘Mean Daily Discharges” are means for twenty-four hours, however.

The record does not include the diversion of water at Rexford Flats for the supply of the Erie canal and, hence, does not represent the total yield from the drainage area of 3,456 square miles.

List of Discharge Measurements on Cohoes Company’s Hydraulic Canal, at Cohoes.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Elevation of water-surface.

Discharge.

1605. April 28.. Aug. 5.. Sept. 27.. Sept. 27..

C. A. Poole C. A. Poole. C. A. Poole. C. A. Poole.

Feet.

100

95

95

Square, feet. 630

621

611

Ft. per second. 2.38 2.36 2.65 2.55

Feet.

154.0

154.0

154.1

154.1

Second-feet.

1,500

1,465

1,620

1,561

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

li

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1004

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

n I l .nil kMiiu

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Mohawk River at Cohoes, N. Y., 1904.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

See ft

•40, OOO

35,000

OOP'02

2,5.000

20,000

OOP'?/

ooo'o/

5000

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

cr

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Mohawk River at Cohoes, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

Sec ft

OOO 'OP-

35,000

30. OOO

25,000

20,000

ooo'S't

ooo 0/

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Mohawk River, at Cohoes, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. ' Feb.

Mar.

April. May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1904. I

2.

3.

4.

5.

9.

10.

11

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17

IN

19

21

22

25

26

28

31

20,880 22,750 3,470 1,780 2,520 32,495|l7,440 2,965 1,620 1,940 34,05545,240 2,965 1,780 1,620

20.76511.260    2,965 2,310 1,620 4,360 19,06013,620 3,235 1,620 2,125 4,360

19.80011.260    4,050 2,125 1,620 4,385

19,300 11,710 4,0,4) 1,780 2,125 9,040 24,960 12,170 5,390 2,125 2,730 2,730 27,370! 8,190 11,260 1,780 2,730 2,730 33,140 6,930 16,890 1,940 2,730 2,310 31,345 6,13513,660 1,380 2,310 2,310 !21,740    5,390 11,260!    1,200:    2,310    1,940

2,310

9,180

7,7701 7,765 8,130! 6,135 1,290 11,415 4,695' 1,290 12,315 3,470 1,780 20,890 3,470 1,290 16,340 3,470 1,200 23,375 4,050 1,200 23,375 4,695 1,200 23,375 4,695! 1,200 5,390!......

cotococototoco^osMCsojrf^axi^iMMCsoajcjiooGi

,135

,520

5 .<)

,340

275

360

520

,520

100

,775

150

875

3,500 3,5C0 3,000 3,500 3,600 3,600

Mean.

19,305

7,676! 4,223

1,716 3,408

2,878

8,700

6,600

5,825

5.100 4,425

4.100 4,100

7,011

4,425 3,500 3,500 4,100 3,000 2,550 1,800 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1 ,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1 ,200 1,200 1,200 1,200 1 ,200

10,450 6,225 3,800 4,760 6,200 5,460 6,200 7,000 6,600 2,400 5,460 12,250 4,760 10,450 ...... 11,360

2,688

a Record not available.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Mohawk River, at Cohoes, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. j June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.

Dec.

1905.

r 1.....

2.....

3.

o to to

4    .....

5 .....

6 .....

7.....

10.....

11.....

12.....

13 .....

14 .....

15.

16.....

17 .....

18 .....

19 .....

20 .....

21.....

22.....

23.

24 .....

25 .....

26 .....

27.....

28

29.....

30.

31

800 14,800 100:11 ,800 425123,500 500 29,650

,800    1,200 42,900    10,900    1,250    6,600    ,425    7,000 5,825

,800    1,200 37,350    10,025    1,400    8,275    ,500    6,200 4,425

,800    1,200 35,825    8,275    1,650    11,800    ,250    5,82513.250

,8001    1,200 39,000    9,575    1,400    11,800    ,2£0;    7,000 2,400

,425 1,20032,850 12,725- 1,650 9,575    ,775130,700 1,660

,100l 17200 35,250    12.,250    1,6£0|    8,275    ,350    28,000 1,650

,500; 1,200 35,800    10,900    2,150;    7,425    ,800    24,775 1,400

,G00j 1,25033,575 10,900 3,250 6,225    ,550 23,500,1.4

5,825    ,800119,825 1,

5,450    ,250    17,000 1,200

6,600    , 250    13,250 1,400

5,825    ,800    14,275 1,500

1,650 12,72515,100 5,600 5,100    ,260    12,725 2,350

1,650 12,725    6,625    4,425    4,425    ,100    11,350 3,800

000 1,650115,350    5,100    4,425    4,100    ,600    10,450 5,825!

1,975jl5,3£0! 5,100 3,500 4,100;    ,600 10,000 5,100

,550 2,350    15,350    6,200 4,100    4,100    ,250    9,125 4,425

,550' 3,000    14,800!    6,625 4,100    3,500    ,450    8,275 3,800

.,975l 3,500 13,725!    7,450    5,8251    4,425|    ,425    8,275 6,600

,450 1,250 23,100 12,725;    7,030    6,625!    3,800!    ,000    7,425 7,000!

,825 1,200 15,350!l4,275    6,200    9,575,    3,800    ,000    6,600 8,700

,200 1,200 13,725118,100    5,450    15,350!    3,000    ,450    6,200 9,125

,750 1,200 11,800    18,100    3,800 16,450    2,550    ,200    7,000 6,600;

,750 1,200 14,800    14,800    2,400 15,900    1,800    ,200    5,825 5,825

,100 1,200 17,000    12,725!    1,250 11,400    1,800;    ,000    6,600 4,750!

,500 1,200 47,050 12,725!    1,250    7,875!    1,400|    ,125    6,600 4,100!

,500 1,200 50,325!l0,900    1,200    5,825    1,800    ,600    5.825 4,100!

,000 1,200,54,600 9,150    1,300|    5,100    1,500    ,000;    5,475)3,375

,000 ..... 41,300 8,275    1,400    5,825    1,250    ,825!    6,200 3,000:

,250:.....145,300 9,575!    1,250    5,100!    2,350!    ,600!    6,200 2,550!

,800 ..... 45,300 ...... 1,350 ......j 2,175    ,000 ...... 2,350

,

,425!

, 1UU

,625

11,

COCOCOCOCOCO^^^^OiOiOi^CO

tOtOtOGOWCOrf».COGOCOCOOOrf».^OOCOCOCO

,000 1,300 17,550 0,025 4,750 ,500; 1,300 16,450 10,025 6,200 ,500;16,450! 8,275 6,625 ,50045,350! 7,450 5,825

100 1,

,550

<ia50i<JOico<io^a50i<iM<iotocooi^wcococococo)-*t5tocococo^

250

,650

450:12,250 200 11,800

000 8,275 200 6,225 450 3,550 750 1,650 450 1,400 450 1 ,400 7' 0 1,800 100 3,000 825 5,475 750 9,225 100 13,200 425 11,800 200 11,350 825 10,450 825 8,275 750 7,425 225 6,600 600 8,275 550 8,275 ...    8,700

H-‘

CO

00

CO

Estimated, Monthly Discharge of Mohawk River, at Cohoes Water Company’s Dam,. [Drainage area, 3,456 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1904.

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

36,420

22,750

17,990

2,730

14,690

9,040

32,850

1.2,250

7,090

3.200

1.200 1,200 1,200 1,200 2,150

i',200

19,305

7,676

4,223

1,716

3,408

2,878

7,011

2',688

5.59

2.22

1.22

0.50

0.99

0.83

2.03

6.23

2.56

1.36

0.57

1.14

0.93

2.34

0.78

0.90

1905.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

15,350

4,750

59,000

43,700

13,200

17,550

12,250

12,250

31,400

9,550

17,550

35,800

3,000 1,200 1 ,200 7,850 1,200 1,200 1,200 1,800 4,750 1,200 1,800 1,300

6,976

2,645

13,248

19,991

6,369

5,827

4,860

5,602

11,250

3,894

5,581

10,730

03 O CO *0 i—l HHH CO rH t—¹ CO

►-‘C5^-‘t004^Ci00^100<I©

2.33

0.80

4.42

6.45

2.12

1.88

1.62

1.87

3.63 1.30 1 .80 3.58

Total

31.80

ONEIDA RIVER DRAINAGE.

LIMESTONE CREEK, AT FAYETTEVILLE, ONONDAGA COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located above the State dam at the head of the Erie canal feeder in Fayetteville, was established August 27, 1905, by C. A. Poole.

The gage is a vertical board, graduated in feet and tenths, and is secured to retaining wall on south side of gates at entrance to feeder, about 55 feet above crest of dam. The elevation of zero of gage is 429.53, Barge canal datum. The elevation of bench mark on east end of north retaining wall of feeder, 42 feet east of gates, is 434.74. Observations are taken twice daily by Edward Strong.

The dam is of masonry and in good condition, having been rebuilt in 1897. It is of trapezoidal shape with an approach slope of 1 on 6 and vertical back. The length of crest is 99.1 feet at an average elevation of 431.18. The discharge over the dam has been calculated by means of the formula, using coefficients derived from the Cornell University experiments made in 1898.

’"nuted flow over the dam and the estimated flow in

¹ ffing estimated by averaging the results

The mfean discharges, given in the accompanying tables, are the sums of the canai ic^ .

of current measurements taken at different times. The flow in the feeder is controlled by gateways at entrance. There are four openings in the bulkhead, which are regulated by placing, by hand, horizontal planks. The rate of flow in the feeder is fairly constant, the amount of opening at entrance being regulated to keep the water-surface at a constant elevation.

During the closed season of the canal, water is diverted through the cement mill on east side of creek. Current-meter measurements have been made in the raceway to mill, to determine this diversion, and a record of the number of hours the mill is running is kept. This diversion is added to the flow over dam to give the mean daily discharge.

The record of discharge given for this station may be corrected slightly when more discharge measurements have been made in the feeder and raceway.

The flow of Limestone creek is regulated by storage in DeRuyter reservoir, which receives its supply mainly from the upper watershed of Tioughnioga creek, which has been diverted for additional supply to the Erie canal through Limestone creek. The drainage area thus diverted is 18.15 square miles, which, added to the natural watershed of Limestone creek, gives a drainage area above this station of 103 square miles.

A gage has been maintained in the canal feeder at Fayetteville, but the fluctuation was so slight that it has been discontinued.

List of Discharge Measurements on the Erie Canal Feeder, at Fayetteville, N Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 25... September 21

Feet.

£0.5

50.5

Square feet. 251

251

Ft. per second. 0.23 0.25

Feet.

7.4

7.4

Second-feet.

58

62

List of Discharge Measurements on Raceway to Cement Mill, Fayetteville, N. Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Below

floor.

Elevation of water-surface.

Discharge.

1905.

December 27.

Feet.

15.4

Square feet.

42

Ft. per second.

2.12

Feet.

2.35

Second-feet.

89

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Limestone Creek, at Fayetteville, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May. June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

Kit

CO

2.

164

€0

102

102

450

217

(0

102

470

25s

HI

102

4.' 0 4f 0

258

i i)

78

4,r0

ISO

130

78

394

130

60

78

394

130

13°

78

10

130

fen!

78

342

11

130

330

78

242

12

116

130

78

242

13

130

130

78

242

14

130

DO

78

242

15

130

130

130

242

7>

24 2

16

60

242

17

60

18

60

102

78

342

19

60

130

78

342

20

95

21

116

102

130

130

1301

78

78

78

342

342

130

78

23..

72

78

78

394

470

450

24

i ii

7s

292

60

66

78

292

60

6,6,

78

27

60

6,6,

7N

28

63

60

6,6,

78

29?

60

60

30

•26,9

Ml

31

409

130    230

130 130

280

292

Mean,

95

113

113

336

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Limestone Creek at Fayetteville, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

<9000

7000

6000

3.000

4 000

3000

0003

0007

Estimated Monthly Discharge of TAmestone Creek, at Fayetteville, N. Y. [Drainage area , 103 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-fef.t.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1C05.

September October... November , December.

280

330

450

60

78

242

113

113

95

336

1.10 1 10

1.22

1.26

0.92

3.26

1.03

3.76

CHITTENANGO CREEK AT CHITTENANGO, MADISON

COUNTY, N. Y.

A current-meter gaging station was established at Main street highway bridge in Chittenango village, May 22, 1901, by R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, and was maintained by him until July 9, 1905, when it was transferred to the care of this Department. Current-meter measurements have been taken and rating table made under the supervision of Mr. Horton, from which the accompanying tables have been computed.

The stream at this point is entrained between parallel walls, affording a channel 50 feet wide, over which the bridge passes at a single span. The bridge stands at an angle to the thread of the stream, and has a span between abutments of 57 feet. The gage board is secured in a vertical position to the right abutment on the up-stream side, and reads decimally from 0 to 8 feet. The stage of the stream is observed twice daily by the gage reader, Bessie M. Kellogg. The bench-mark is on the up-stream corner of the coping of the right hand bridge abutment.

458.39

450.16

Elevation bench-mark Elevation gage zero. ..

The gaging station is one-half mile above the State dam, diverting water for the supply of the summit level of Erie canal. The flow of Chittenango creek, above Chittenango, is regulated by storage in Cazenovia lake and Erieville reservoir.¹

Erieville Reservoir.

Tributary watershed Storage capacity. . .. Water-surface.......

.. . .5.4 square miles 318,424,000 cubic feet ............340 acres

Cazenovia Lake.

Tributary watershed Storage capacity.... Water-surface.......

....8.7 square miles 206,997,000 cubic feet .....1.7 square miles

The drainage basin is deeply rolling, mostly cleared and has a heavy, impervious soil with extensive sodded-meadow areas. The soil is underlaid by shale rock, often outcropping, and affording numerous springs. The stream tributaries are somewhat sparse. Marsh and swamp areas are very limited, with the exception of the Nelson swamp, about two square miles in area.

Cazenovia lake is located at elevation, 1,190. From its outlet to the foot of the plateau at Erie canal crossing, the stream descends 770 feet, the distance, following the general trend of the valley, being 11 miles. The freshet of December 15, 1901, changed the cross-section of the stream at the gaging station. Separate rating curves have been prepared for the periods preceding and following that date.²

Drainage Areas of Chittenango Creek.f

Location.

Above Chittenango falls Above gaging station... Above mouth......

Area,

square miles

63.0

78.9

326.3

List of Discharge Measurements on Chittenango Creek, at Chittenango, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. Aug. 30.. Aug. 31..

C. J. Wood C. J. Wood.

Feet.

53

53

Square feet. 182.8 183.2

Ft. per second. 1.87 1.77

Feet.

2.55

2.50

Second-feet. 341.9 324.3

Mean Monthly Run-off of Chittenango Creek, at Chittenango, N. Y. [Drainage area, 79 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January.. February March....

April.....

May.....

June.....

July.....

August...

94

171

119

175

191

i,l

65

I'M

163

579

400

222

360

305

87

56

91

238

141

71

52

55

60

48

63

Mean Monthly Run-off of Chittenango Creek, at Chittenango, N. Y.—(Concluded).

MONTH.

1901

1902.

1903.

1904.

September October... November. December.

64

66

67

232

Second-feet per Square Mile.

•is

48

•J-’s

117

79

43

48

52

MONTH.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January.....

February...,

March.......

April........

May........

June.......,

July........

August......

September..

October.....

November.., December. ..

2.22

2.43

0.81

0.83

0.69

0.70

0.85

2.95

©’^OOCOMtOO^OiW^H-*

OOCnOOQOCOOitO^OOOi4^cO

^H^bOOOOOOtOCnCOtO

O^cOOi-vIMCOMOOOCOh-*

©COO^OiOO^tOQOOO^l

1.51

COrf*.tO

.06

.67

..sO

.16

©oooooo

Of,

.61

.79

01

.64

.61

.66

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

coooooototo

WCOQO-sJCOCOMCJ*

^H-ito^tOCOCOH-tDOOtOl—‘

^OiH-OCxiOOfcOOO^CTiCO

©tOC5COC5^QO^QOC5^^1

MMWOOOHOW^WtO

1.74

OOOOOOOh^Cjiw

.22

.27

.31

.34

.74

.70

.91

.68

.62

.68

.76

Total,

13.08

32.97

25.33

19.97

Rainfall in Inches.*

MONTH.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1905.

Fanuarv. .. Jebruary. .

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August.....

September. October... November. December.

1.48

3.94

3.36

Total

Oi co co co (N r-co a

t" CO CO 00 GO CO Tj< 05 rH 1O4OCOC0<M<NC0TJ< <N CO

1.96

2.96

2.59

4.69

2.08

3.75

6.18

7.12

3.65

2.50

4.83

0.11

8.76

2.92

5.19

1.34

1.62

4.25

7.78

2.24

3.36

44.64

44.02

4.16

2.58 2.51

3.58 3.06

2.29

7.02

3.65

3.21

2.93

0.82

3.25

WtOCOWOi^CilOtOtOtOK)

tO©COtO~4COCO^OOCn»—*00 iDOiOii—‘^O^CnOCOOOGC

39.06

43.31

* Mean of Bouckville and Fayetteville records.

DAY.

10

11

1905.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

85

102

111

102

72    40

72

s'.

45

226

78

49

45

102 102

226

120

40

9.3

102 102

906

318

195

120

102

180

382

36

45    36

669

359

4 26

19

40

359

S'.

49

78

72

78

72

195

49

45

54

85

60

72

102

49

46

78

72

66

49

54

49

72

54

102

130

155

120

111

120

210

259

276

297

259

78

72

78

72

102

102

12

120

24 2

276

72

102

72

49

49

259

40

13

49

40

429:

338!

195

72

16

....

49

40

45

45

78

276

102

72

14

120

46

40

167

s'.

40

46

60

60

54

54

259

405

359

72

15

130

40

32

142

12(1

40

382

54

142

102

111

78

102

49

78

72

78

16

130

40

180

17

111

49

40

18

130

40

45

142

167

102

120

60

S5

102

210    454

130!

130

111

54

66

49

93

66

19

102

111

21

85

22

72

242

102

120

85

195

167

60,

60

54

66

102

85

167

195

1211

78

78

60

■HI

613

757

454

49

66

78

46

45

32

49

120

78

72

49

54

102

66

24

45

25

26

49

66

27

28

29

49

60

698 40 1,205 40 846 45 999 40 876

728

85

93

32

276

I 12

32

49

54

85

72

72

78

S'.

72

45

40

45

46

180

210

167

120

56

40

32

40

49

45

56

40

56

56

56

54

66

93

45

93

45

45

66

78

S5

40

40

60

102

30

66

31

72

66 s

78

45

49

102

54

72

585

382

36

60

85

120

Mean...

129    53    306

224

71

147

86

94    84    140    86

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Chittenango Creek, at Chittenango, N. Y. [Drainage area, 79 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February.

March.....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November December.

tOH-‘4i.tOOtCOM>-‘05tO»-*CO

■sjtOOOiQOGOOUOOsOOO

49

40

32

72

32

36

32

56

40

66

6.0

126

55

306

22 1

71

147

86

01

84

140

S6

130

MHHHMMMOtOW©

22.31

Total

ONEIDA RIVER AT SCHROEPPEL’S BRIDGE, EUCLID

P. O., ONONDAGA COUNTY, N. Y.

The gaging station is seven miles up-stream from Three River Point. Observations of the stream stage have been taken by meas-

DEC.

10 20

02 01 AON

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

I9Q5

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

ini milllUHl

in nun 'n

IfclL

ft

MAR. 10 20

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

aL

Discharge of Chittenango Creek at Chittenango, N. Y., 190a.

3<p<s. />

3,000

7,000

6,000

3000

4,000

3 000

z.ooo

000V

uring down to water-surface each morning and evening from a reference point on the bulkhead coping of the lock at the Oak Orchard State dam, 0.4 mile above Schroeppel’s bridge. Flash-boards placed on the dam during the low water season of 1904 have modified the stage during the period when they were in use. The observations are taken by Arthur McArthur.

A calibration curve, for the cross-section of the stream at Schroep-pehs bridge, has been obtained by current-meter measurements made under the supervision of R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, and the accompanying tables have been computed from data furnished by him. The gage readings have been taken above the dam, as stated, to avoid back water from ice or other causes as far as possible.

Above a certain stage the dam becomes submerged and the discharge modified. A special rating table, deduced from measurements made during the period of submergence, has been used to calculate the discharge in the high-water season of 1904. Allowance is made for opening of lock paddles in winter.

The drainage area above the gaging station has been taken provisionally at 1,400 square miles.

Oneida lake has a water-surface area of 80 square miles and lies at elevation 370 feet above tide. The drainage basin within a radius of ten miles to the south and west is relatively flat, with numerous marshy tracts. The lake receives, through Chittenango and Oneida creeks, drainage from an extensive area of the central New York plateau, and through Wood and Fish creeks on the east, drainage from a portion of the west slope of the plateau bordering the Adirondack mountains. On the north the drainage area is less extensive and the inflowing streams are small.

The outflow from the lake through Oneida river, 16 miles in length, joins Seneca river at Three River Point, forming Oswego river, which is tributary to Lake Ontario.

Oneida lake affords a large evaporation surface in summer. In winter, however, the evaporation rate is greatly reduced by freezing of the lake surface. At the same time the precipitation on the drainage basin to the north and east is chiefly held back as surface storage in the form of snow, this portion of the area lying in the region of maximum snowfall of the state.

a From Bien’s Atlas of New York. A portion of the drainage area is shown on the Syracuse, Chittenango, Oneida, Oriskanv, Morrisville, Cazenovia and Tully quadrangles, U. S. Geological Survey Topographic map.

b For additional data concerning Oneida river, see Report on St-eam Gagings, contained in Supplement, Report of State Engineer and Surveyor for New York, 1902, pp. 82-84.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

June 3.....

August 29...

C. C. Covert C. C. Covert

Feet.

265

270

Square feet. 933.0 995.4

Ft. per second. 2.33 1.46

Feet.

4.10

4.64

Second-feet.

2,174.8

1,457.3

Mean Monthly Run-off of Oneida River, at Schroeppel’s Bridge, Euclid P. O., N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,400 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February.. March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

1,694 1,633 2,093 2,814

4,186

6,179

10,619

9,143

2,635

1,853

1,829

1,422

1,230

2,800

2,712

2,007

2,162

3,403

5,934

9,474

5,944

2,592

1,439

1,204

1,151

1,517

1,535

1,344

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February.. March

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

1.21

1.17

1.49

2.01

4^COOXOCOCOOOOi<g^g

1.64

2.59

4.52 7.22

4.53 1.97 1.10 0.92 0.88 1.16 1.17 1.02

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February..

March.....

April

May......

June......

July.......

1.35

1.35 ] 1.66 2.32

August September October... November. December.

Total

37.49

32.50

a Record possibly in excess, owing to ice.

I

%

DEC. fO 20

02 01 AON

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

9Q$I

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

Discharge of Oneida River at Schroeppel’s Bridge, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

Oec ft

/o.ooo

/O.OOO

000 2/

/0,000

0,000

0,000

4.000

2,000

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Oneida River at Schroeppel’s Bridge, Euclid P. O., N. Y.*

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. i April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

3    .......

4 .......

5 .......

6 .......

7.......

9......

10.

11

12

13......

11

15.;.....

16.......

17 .......

18 .......

19.......

21

22......

23

•25

26

27 .......

28 .......

:;n

31

. 2,040 2,450 1,250 12,010 5,560 .2,160 2,300 1,250 12,2-30 5,930 .2.ISO 2,010 1,210 12,320 5,680 . 2,450 1,800 1,250 12,880 5,440 .2,370 1,660 1,200 12,960 5,560 .2,300 1,560 1,250 13,120 5,190 .2,230 1,560 1,150 13,120 5,080 2,230 1,610 1,200 13,200 4,970 .2,300 1,660 1,250 12,9604,520 .2,370 1,660 1,200 12,560)4,740 .2,450 1,660 1,150 12,160 4,520 .2,540 1,660 1,200 12,010:4,410 .2,540 1,560 1,200 11,710 4,290 .2,710 1,610 1,200 11,260 4,180 .2,630 1,610 1,150    ,900    4,070

.2,630 1,560 1,150 .2,450 1,460 1,150    ,5203,670

.2,370,1,510 1,150    ,100 3,560

©©©©©ooaooooooot^t^ooco©

3,870

i—bototototototototototobooooooocoooGooo

iSsiiiiiliSillliliiiiiiiisSiisl

fsff 2 sfppe ggli § s§T

NOOOOOMOOOOOOOOO'OOOOOOOrtHMSO 00 00 • IN IN N IN IN T-< in IN IN IN IN Cl IN IN (N N IN IN IN N IN IN IN CO IN N IN CO 01 IN •

©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©oo©©©©©©©©©©

N(N(NWCN00 0C00OlN00^XXINO^(»00(NTrNO©U5y)'rO©O(i0 OOOOONNNOOJGONNNOCOCCOOOOMOvCOOOIN’TUi^CD

bO>—‘tObObObObObObObObObObObObObObObObObObObOtOtObO'—

© CO M© CO © © ©1o CO bo ~bO "bo CO CO Oi 00 CO V rfx Vj OI Cn CH 00 "to bO © Vj

bO X NT b •'©©-''—» JX I—no on Cft 00 M *^T Cn *—* CTI -^1 lix rn K-i fn 00

©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©©

©©©©©©

o oocooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

O OU (N CM uu CQ CO 0C CO CO l'- CC 00 C» TP <M CM <M l'- <.N <M <.N C.N CN CO CQ Go CO i'- CO

hjCO^OOOO^HrtOOOHNWCO^C'KN'tCONONOOXOHCOOJ

WC^CO CO_CO^    00 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO coco

oooooo o ooooooooooooooooooooooo

CO Q0 uj u0 CO © GO CO CO »-< TT © 00 QJ © X Gg 05 O © CM <N 00 CO CN U, rH • COOOG}»OiO*OCOO©r-H^H,-iCr. Oa500Goa5GiOOOGC*jt'-t^COCOTfTtiCOO •

(M(N(NC^(N<M(MCOC^COCOCO(NCOC^(N(MC^<M(N<M(M(N(M(M(N<N(N!M<N •

o © o © © oo© © © © © ©oooooooooooooooooo

X ’’T O NT •'T O ''T    X X O ' ^ I r- O O t''- X 1 ~ © ^ CN © 00 OC 02 tO RJ tO

r^©to©©ioioio©©r>x©©©©©©^©©(NTMot^©©©iOH:io

Mean... 2,459 1,592 2,977 10,210 3,905 2,279 2,362 1,714 2,240 2,078 2,805 3,833

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Oneida River, at Schroeppel’s Bridge, Euclid P. O., N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,313 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

! Maximum.

Minimum,

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November December.

3,520

2,450

11,410

13,200

5,930

3,160

3,260

2,070

2,720

2,980

3,160

5,180

©©©©©©©©©©©o

TT lo lO UjOjiiihOIXO CN1 © OC^rHC^COOlOCit'-lOTt^LQ

NhhCWhh hhC](M

MHbO

CObObObO^bObOCO©

0000©b0^100t0c0b0c00*4^ CO©^j-tx>-*oiM©—‘MCOCn COOiOO©4^tOCOOi©^ltOCO

COi-*C^<lCOOO«^©MtObOGO

2.16

1.26

2.61

8.68

3.43

1.94

2.07

1.51

1.90

1.82

2.38

3.37

Total

33.13

SENECA RIVER DRAINAGE.

CLYDE RIVER AT CLYDE, WAYNE COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the Sod us street bridge in the village of Clyde, was established October 20, 1905, by E. V. R. Payne of this Department. The gage is of the weight and chain type and is attached to the railing at center of bridge on downstream side. The datum to which all gage readings are added is 380.0, which is the elavation of bottom of weight when the end of chain is opposite the zero of the gage. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken each day by J. F. Wickham.

Several current-meter measurements have been made here since the gage was established, but not in sufficient number or range to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge. The meter measurements are made from the bridge which consists of three spans, with a total length of 174 feet between abutments. The cross-section of the channel under the bridge is fairly uniform; the bed is of gravel with some boulders which do not, however, materially affect the uniformity of the flow. The river channel is straight for a considerable distance each way from the bridge.

The Clyde river, a tributary of the Seneca river, is formed by the junction of Canandaigua outlet and Ganargua creek at Lyons. The latter stream rises in the southern part of Ontario county and flows first north and then east, draining a narrow and hilly territory to the west of Canandaigua lake and the flat and marshy lands to the north thereof. The watershed of this creek above Lyons is 298 square miles and that of Canandaigua outlet above the same point is 431 square miles. The flow of the latter stream is influenced by storage in Canandaigua lake. The total drainage area above the gaging station at Clyde is 807 square miles.

SENECA RIVER AT HIGHWAY BRIDGE ABOVE CROSS LAKE, ONONDAGA COUNTY, N. Y.

A gage was erected May 1, 1904, by H. U. Lyon of this Department at the highway bridge, commonly known as “Iron Bridge,” over the Seneca river about one-half mile above Cross lake, for the purpose of obtaining a record of the fluctuation of the water-surface of the river at this point and of Cross lake. The elevation of water-surface is practically the same, there being very little appreciable

slope in the river between the lake and the gaging station, except, perhaps, in time of high water.

The gage is a vertical board, graduated in feet and tenths, and is fastened to a willow tree on bank of river, on up-stream side of bridge, about 20 feet from south abutment, with its zero mark at elevation 373.30, Barge canal datum. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken daily by Ed. Carlton.

Current-meter measurements have been made here during the past fall, but their value for obtaining a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge is doubtful, owing to the uncertainty of the influence of the back water from Cross lake.

The discharge calculated from the meter measurements is undoubtedly reliable for the time when the measurements were taken, but it is questionable whether the discharge will be the same for the same stage of the river at some other time. The flow of the stream is sluggish, especially during low water, but quite uniform. The river channel is of mud and straight for a considerable distance each way from the bridge.

The drainage basin of the Seneca river is described for the station at Baldwinsville. The drainage area above the station at Cross lake is 3,025 square miles, being 78 square miles less than at Baldwinsville.

SENECA RIVER AT BALDWINSVILLE, ONONDAGA COUNTY, N. Y.

This station was established November 12, 1898.* The gaging station is located at the State dam in Baldwinsville, 12 miles along river from the junction of Seneca river with Oneida river. These two streams unite at Three River Point to form Oswego river.

Seneca river receives the drainage from the central group of lakes lying southward from Lake Ontario. The drainage basin is rolling, though not precipitous, excepting for the deep, narrow valleys crossing it, in which the lakes are situated, and certain additional valleys not at the present time occupied by lakes.

The location of the gaging station is shown on the Baldwinsville sheet, United States Geological Survey Topographic map. The topographic maps also show the entire drainage basin, and from them the drainage areas given in the accompanying table have been deduced.

The gaging record at Baldwinsville includes the discharge over the main dam, which is calculated by the formula for a broad, flat-crested weir when flash-boards are removed. Discharge over flash-

* By George W. Rafter for U. S. Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways.

boards is calculated by the Francis formula. Gage readings in the river channel below the dam are utilized to determine the average working head on turbines. Discharge through the three main canals is determined from records of the run of water-wheels, kept in each mill, and from the recorded lockage and opening of paddles at the Oswego canal lock at the foot of the canal.®

Current-meter measurements, to determine the leakage of the several mills, have been made during 1904, as in preceding years, the necessary allowance for leakage having been found larger than as formerly estimated. The record has also been checked by current-meter measurements made during 1901, 1903, 1904 and 1905 at Belgium.

The following discharge measurements have been made at New bridge, Belgium, by C. A. Poole, during 1905:

Discharge Measurements on the Seneca River, at Belgium, N. Y.

DATE.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. September 14 October 6..... October 27.. . November 24.

Feet.

282.8

281.8

282.8

282.3

Square feet. 2,588 2,419 2,588 2,503

Ft. per second. 0.90 0.96 1.14

Feet.

4.7

4.1

4.7

1.14

4.4

Second-feet.

2,328

2,333

2,944

2,843

Mean Monthly Run-off of Seneca River, at Baldwinsville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 3,103 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-fef.t.

MONTH.

1898.

1899.

1900. |

1903.    1004.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

2,851

1,769

3,875

4,543

2,568

1,573

2,150 3,129 4,441 6,845 3,120 1,508

776

455

IS!

720

551

471

3,142

2,689

637

1,612

1,722

1,063

1,498

4,126

COtOH*h-*tOtOvtxOiOO iKh-L to co o oo sboVoiobcooi

QCMCOMCOtOM^Cn^COCO

M^tOOiCD^tOOiH-CDOO

tototoi-*cotototooiootoco

to Cn tO 00 h- oo to MO CO CO "to tOCOOG0^4».4i.coaiCni—‘CO

to^rf^-tO^tOtO^OOMCnCO

00 to ^ CO 00 o V| k-o Oi CO V COMOM^QoOiCOCn^i-^tO

tOtOtOh-itOtOtf^CiOOOi^tO

C5 to m o oo oV oco 4*- vi i-*4»-Cii-*c3^Mtoooooo<o I ►^MOJ^tOOOi-*^COC3M4* ‘

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1898.

1899.

1900.    1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January.. February March April

0.92

0.57

I'

1.25

1.46

0.69 1.01 | 1.43 2.21

0.85

0.62

1.30

2.88

1.06

0.75

2.70

1.10

1.71

1.63

2.43 2.59 !

0.84 1.45 2.25 2.79

%

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT.

10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

t

Q>

8\

Discharge of Seneca River at Balchvinsville, N. Y., 1905.

FEB.

10 20

JAN.

10 20

Sort: /Y

OOO&

7000

6000

3000

*000

3 OOO

ooo z

/0O4

MONTH.

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

MONTH. ,

January......

February.....

March........

April.........

May..........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September... . October......

November... . December....

The year

DAY.

1905.

2.......

4.::::::

5 .......

6 .......

7......

a..

11

12

13......

14

15......

17

IS

111

20

21......

22......

23

24

25 ......

26 ......

27

28

ill

Second feet per Square Mile—(Concluded).

1898.

1899.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

1.01

0.87

0.83

0.51

0.22

0.15

0.15

0.20

0.52

0.55

1.00

0.48

0.23

0.18

0.15

0.34

0.48

1.33

1.79

1.37

0.65

0.68

0.57

0.90

0.73

0.92

1.00

1.35

2.07

0.61

0.66

1.09

0.60

0.71

0.82

0.72

0.89

0.67

0.59

0.96

1.32

1.38

0.91

1.51

0.91

0.66

0.55

0.73

0.85

0.78

Inches on Drainage Area.

1898.    1899.    1900.    1901.    1902.    1903.    1904,

1.15 1.00

OOOOOOOOh-‘i—‘Oh*

CsCntOH-H^tOCnCDOi^CnO

CO0C4^<lMCn<ICnW^.COCi

HOOOOOOHtOHHO

CnCnCO^tOtOCHH-^^OJO^I

i-» o O O O O t-¹ toco ►-* © ©

t0<IM05<J**40iOt00iC5C0

DWOWOOOiWOi-'O^OO

hOCChhOh

HrlNNHOOO h:h rH

, .§> "■

gg^s^sls&sss

........oooo

§28583888383

OOOOOMHtOWtOHO

COCOQOGi^OOCOt-iCnCncO

OCnrfi.tO<JCHOOCOH*cDa505

8.28    10.75    14.77

14.16    17.92

17.42

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Seneca River, at Baldwinsville, N. Y.*

Jan. | Feb. [ Mar. April. May.] June. July. Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec.

"o5 co to to co co co co co co co co co co co coco coco coco coco to cocococorf^co •    • "• b0 to h-to to to to to to-to to to tONCOM*-CO CO SO CO CO to CO to CO CO

CDCDCDCDcOM^0^CH^^^ts5t0^^)t0^⁾^h-^^^^^b0HJt0fc0t0fc0

¥£g¥i¥gl¥lWEaMl¥§i§££lli§g3

OiCnCDOClCnCnCnCnOi^^tOtOtOtOtOCOtOt—‘totototototo^tototo

►^CnCHOiCJtCnCnrf^CnCHCH0505C5CHOiC505M*<J*v|“^J<JCOGOOOOOOOOOCD

: W^§lW§¥ll§8WSl^¥illii'58S

tOtOtOtOCOCOCOCOCOCOtOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO^rfi.4^^^C04^^4^4i*-^Ol

ililiiliiaMiissisiMliiiS ' iiiiisiiisMSiisillliiii

tOH-itOtOtOtOtOCOtOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO^^COCO^^CO^^OiCnOiOT^Cn

VoV^V®0    tg CO CD CO OJ 00

§2 2 2 Zd H^CO ^ CO 00 00 00 00CO h- —‘ OOO o K)OM S CD Q\G) Q0 0Qi-*O

l-i tO tO tO H-* tO tO tO tO tO tO to to to to to to to to to to to ^ to to to to to

COMhCOCn a> ^OOH-th-Kg^l^qcOOSjSgObO^OJtO^Q^OSCOOSi-iga^aa

_.to.*,_.tOtO>-'>-ii-‘>-“-*tOtO>-‘tOtOtOtOtOtO'-‘tOtOtOtOtOtO>-‘tOtO

i§llSgl!S!!llSS3S58sBll§l!§a§g

totototowcocococotococototocowtototototototo-totototototo^

wtototototototototototocococowcocotowwcococowtocowcoto

OO^^rf^^^^COtfkCOWCOWfcOfcOOOCOWObCOWCOCOWCOCOCOCOfcOfcOW

SSSSS623*2S582SKl§S8aS3S2£a*32S®s

tOQOCiCi>“,4COWtOH*CiOCi<OOOCiOiCn<0<OCO*vlOOOOOCOOOOOO<OCOQO

Mean... 3,467 2,793 4,165 6,720 3,749 3,762 3,848 2,127; 1,980 2,536 2,930 3,616

* Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Seneca River, at Baldwinsville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 3,103 square miles.l

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet-

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

4,276 4,965 9,514 9,416 5,001 6,0^0 5,658 2,696 2,161 3,114 3,247 4,433

"to it. it.

rf*. G5 tO •—‘00*—

GsCOCO^Oi*—‘OQO-sjCOCO-vj

3,467

2,793

4,165

6,720

3,749

3,762

3,848

2,127

1,980

2,536

2,930

3,616

1.12

0.S0

1.34

2.17

1.29

0.94

1.55

2.42

1.21

1.21

1.24 0.69 0 64 0.82 0.94 1.17

1.39

1.35

1.43

0.79

0.71

0.94

1.05

1.34

15.20

Total

A gaging station has been maintained by this Department at New bridge, Belgium, since April 14, 1904. The gage is placed in a horizontal position on top of first pier from east abutment, down-stream side. Readings are taken daily by means of chain and plumb-bob, by Solomon Walts, and the following table gives these observations reduced to elevation of water-surface for 1905.

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Svrface of Seneca River, at Belgium, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

1...

2...

3 ..

4 ..

7 ..

8 ..

10 ... 11 ... 12 ...

366.87 367.27 367.52 367.57 367.77

367.57    364.47 361.87 364.37 362.37 363.07 362.37 362.97 362.87

367.47364.27    361.77 ...... 362.27 363.07 362.37^362.97 362.87

367.37    364.17 361.67 364.17 362.27 ...... 362.47 362.87 363.37

367.27    364 07 ...... 364.17 362.17 363.27 362.47 362.87 363.47

367.27 364.07 361.67 364.07 362.071363.27 362.37,362.97 363.67

367.27    363.97 361.67 363.97 ...... 363.37 362.47 363.17 363.77

367.17 363.77 361.77 363.87 362.07 363.17 362.37 362.97 363.67

367.17    363.67 361.87 363.77 361.97 363.17 362.37 363 07 363.77

367.07 363.67 361.87 ...... 361.97 362.97 362.37 363.07 363.77

366.77    363.571361.87 363.57 362.37 ...... 362.27    363.17 363.67

366.67 363.571...... 363.47 362.37 362.97 362.47 363.17 363.77

366.67 363.47 361 .97 363.37 362.47 362.87 362.77 363.27 363.77

366.67    363.27 362.17 363.27 ...... 362.87 362.87 363.17 363.77

366.57    .....[362.07 363 37 362.77 362.87 363.07 363.07 363.67

366.27    363.07(361.97 363.27 362.77 362.87 363.27 363.07,363.47

366.17    362,97|361.77|...... 363.07 362.77 363.07 362.971363.27

366.17    362.97 362.17 363.27 363.37 362.77 363.07 363.07 363.37

366.07 362.87 ..... 363.07 363.47 362.77 362.97 362.97 363.27

365.87    362.77 363.17 363 07 363.47 362.67 363.07 362.97 363.07

365.67    362.67 363.47 362.87 ....... 362.77 363.07 362.97 362.67

365.57    ...... 363.77 362.77 363.27 362.67 362.87 362.87 363.37

365.47 362.57 363.97 362.67 363.17 362.57 363.07 362.77 363.67

365.37    362.47 364.27 ...... 362.97 362.57 363.17 362.67 363.87

365.27    362.37 364.27 362.57 362.87 362.67 363.17 362.67 364.07

365.17    362.27 ...... 362.27 362.67 362.67 363 .07 362.671364.07

365.07 362.17 364.67 362.27 362.57 362.57 363.07 362.67[364.07

364.87    362.17 364.67 362.07 ...... 362.47 362.97 362.57 363.97

364.77    ...... 364.67 362.07 362.47 362.37 362.97 362.67 363.87

364.57    361.87 364.57 362.071362.37 362.47 362 87 362.77 364.17

364.57 361.77 364.47 ......!362.97 362.27 362 87 362.67 364.17

...... 361.87 ...... 362.37i363.17 ...... 362.77 ...... 364.27

Mean,

Elevation of zero of gage=358.27, B. C. datum.

¹

Data below from New York Barge Canal Report, 1900.

²

or results of gagings of Chittenango creek at Bridgeport just above the inflow to Oneida lake, see Report on Stream Gagings, contained in Supplement, Report of State Engineer and Surveyor of New York, 1902, pp. 52 to 57.

t From U. S. Geological Survey Topographic map, Morrisville, Oneida, Cazenovia, Chittenango, Tully and Syracuse quadrangles.

OSWEGO RIVER DRAINAGE.

OSWEGO RIVER AT HINMANSVILLE, OSWEGO COUNTY,

N. Y.

This gating station, which is located at the highway bridge over the Oswego river at Hinmansville, was established April 13, 1904, by Howard U. Lyon of this Department.

The gage is of the weight and chain t}rpe, and was located on the farm bridge over the small creek that joins the river just above the highway bridge until December 18, 1905, when it was moved to its present location, which is ten feet west of the middle pier on the north side of the Hinmansville bridge. The datum to which all gage readings are added is 348.643, which is the elevation of bottom of weight when the end of chain is opposite the zero of the gage. Observations of the stage of the stream are taken each day by F. M. Hughes.

Current-meter measurements have been taken here at various stages of the stream, but not in sufficient number or range to make a rating table from which to estimate the daily discharge. The meter measurements are made from the bridge which consists of two spans, with a total length of 288.6 feet between abutments. The river channel is of fairly uniform cross-section. There are, however, the remains of two old bridge piers that were not entirely removed when the bridge was rebuilt, which might slightly affect the uniformity of the flow. The channel is straight for some distance below the bridge and for about 500 feet above the bridge, where it bends sharply to the east.

The watershed of the Oswego river is described for the station at Battle Island which is about 10 miles down-stream from this stai ion.

The drainage area at Hinmansville is 4,809 square miles, being 91 square miles less than that at Battle Island.

OSWEGO RIVER AT BATTLE ISLAND, OSWEGO COUNTY,

N. Y.

This station was established September 14, 1900, by R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, and is located three miles above Minetto and six-tenths of a mile below the State dam at Battle Island. Current-meter measurements have been taken from car suspended by cable and rating table, made under the super-

vision of Mr. Horton, and the accompanying tables have been computed from data furnished by him and show the actual flow past the gaging station, not including the flow in the Oswego canal.

Oswego river is formed by the confluence of Oneida and Seneca rivers, at Three River Point. The stream is shown throughout its course of 24 miles on the Oswego special and Baldwinsville quadrangles, United States Geological Survey Topographic map. The drainage tributary to the river below the junction of Oneida and Seneca rivers is of small extent. The tributaries of Oswego river proper are neither large nor numerous, receiving the drainage from a number of small lakes and marshes in a moderately rolling basin. Oneida and Seneca rivers are both notable for the large extent of lake and marsh area contained within their basins; Oneida lake in the former, and the Finger lakes tributary to the latter streams affording extensive natural storage regulation of flow to Oswego river.

A fall of 100 feet in the course of Oswego river is mainly utilized by seven dams, which also partially canalize the stream. The intervening stretches are covered by the Oswego canal, which drawrs its water-supply from the river.¹

Mean Monthly Run-off of Oswego River, at Battle Island, N. Y. [Drainage area, 4,900 square miles.]

Mean Monthly Flow in Second-feet.

MONTH.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January... February. .

March.....

April......

May.......

June......

July.......

August. . . . September October... November. December.

1,644

1,823

2,797

9,465

tOCOWCOt04¹.<l©00©COOi

£■¹2> — oooY. to tomVoi 4^-otg5t-tOh-to--‘©totDcn-i OOOOOOMWOOOi-IH-tOOCii

cnoiww®oocs®tooo®oo

^saotooMinMOiM-)

t-t04^0it0 0i>—©.t.4.C0tO ©-•JOOMOCCiOl-JCnOMtO

© Eo S m o~!2~cd £iq 5

MOOOiWXOli-OWMOi

I—i >—i    ¹ ►—¹

lfc.>t>.4»-COWt&.MWtOOOW©

W -J tD to'tOVY CO COY 4^¹ W tot-ococDt-cotocoo oo©

WCDrf>.l-¹ H-03<U>S©tsSl--‘©

Second-feet per Square Mile.

MONTH.

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

January. February March... April

1.09

0.73

1.90

3.74

1.64

1.25

3.71

2.47

1.81

1.98

3.45

3.25

2.08

2.70

3.69

3.87

DEC 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT.

10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY

10 20

1905

imnr^

JUNE 10 20

MAY

10 20

MAR. APR. 10 20 § 10 20

Ik 1

Discharge of Oswego River at Battle Island, N. Y., 1905.

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

Sec. ft.

OOO Oc?

/7300

OOO 3/

/2 300

/oooo

7300

3000

oosf

MONTH.

Second-feet per Square Mile—(Concluded).

1900.

1901.

1902.

1903.

1904.

May________

June......

July.......

August September October... November. December.

0.32

0.36

0.56

1.89

Gi ^ 00 CO <N CO CO

1-1 oo co co oo

NhOOOOOh

mhOOhhhm

1.31

0.90

0.85

0.70

0.87

1.59

1.62

1.28

2.67

1.50

0.88

0.66

0.65

0.98

0.95

0.88

Inches on Drainage Area.

MONTH.

1900.

1901.

1902. I 1903.

1904.

January.....

February. .. .

March.......

April........

May.........

June........

July.........

August......

September.. .

October......

November.... December....

The year,

0.36

0.41

0.62

2.18

tOOOOO^HbO^WOH

i-‘OOOOO^C50C5Cni-*i-*«<ItO

18.61

20.83

2.10.

2.06

3.98

3.62

1.51

1.00

0.98

0.81

0.97

1.83

1.81

1.48

22.05

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Oswego River, at Battle Island, N. Y.*

1—‘00>—‘t—

^MMobsbcotococo

COtOCnts5^lOOfcOC«i-lCO

1.06

1.01

24.31

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

11,172 4,973 10,958[ 4,895 11,172 4,694 10,748 1,000 10,958 5,265 10,645 5,555 9,200 5,330 9,302 5,298 9,200 5,215

8.851    5,004 8,290 4,360 8,290 5,555 6,820! 5,432 7,690! 5,330 8,320 5,265 7,890: 5,165 7,990 4,895 7,690! 6,877 7,590 8,690 7,492 8,490 6,896 8,490 7,048 7,297 6,672 9,508 6,542 9,815 6,432 8,390 6,283 10,645

5.852    10,440

L * Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey.

1.

2.....

3.

4    .....

5 .....

6 .....

7.....

9 .....

10......

11......

12......

13.

14..,. . .

17

18......

19.....

20.....

21.....

22

23

24......

25

26...

27

.8,590 4,220 4,075 19,714 ,9,138 4,220 4,075 19,476 .8,490 4,220 3,930 19,119 .9,712 4,000 3,860 19,357 .8,290 4,694 3,525 19,357 .8,290 4,290 4,000 19,357 .8,290 4,290 3,860 19,357 . 7,890 4,290 3,790 19,238 .8,892 4,508 3,790 18,415 .8,790 4,508 3,720 18,415 .8,790 4,360 3,720 18,064 .9,056 4,220 3,400 18,064 .8,690 4,895 3,790 17,710 .8,690 4,662 3,790 17,230 .8,790 4,662 3,790 16,990 .8,090 4,662 3,655 16,174 .8,790 4,662 3,790 15,718 .8,729 4,585 3,790 15,264 .8,8513,790 4,220 15,264 . 8,690 4,662 10,125 15,038 . 8,490 4,360 11,495 14,925 . 8,190 4,360 11,710 14,586 . 9,098 4,360 11,602 13,798 . 8,490 4,360 12,040 13,910 .:7,590 4,075 1 7,110 13,240 .. . 7,890 3,655 17,830 13,130 ...18,690 4,290 20,311 12,698

10,335 5,215 8,090 5,132 10,850 4,945 10,645 4,817 10,440 4,895 10,542 4,476 8,490 5,330 8,090 5,298 7,690 5,132 8,090 5,100 8,190 4,895 8,390 4,740 7,990 4,585 7,297 5,298 7,105 5,132 6,358 5,100 5,004 5,100 4,945 4,220 4,817 4,663 4,476 4,430 4,360 4,332

7,200

7,010

6,915

6,542

5,817

5,905

4,332

5,957

5,380

5,004

4,694

916

4,585

4,631

5,993

6,172

6,172

6,265

6,210

6,210

6,172

4,740

5,905

5,905

6,080

6,028

5,957

5,678

4,585

5,050

4,973

4,430

4,849

4,817

4,663

4,290

5,215

5,050

4,817

2,366

4,507

4,430

4,430

4,360

4,332

4.105

'890

4,360

4,290

4,290

5,004

5,132

5,298

4,248

4,507

4,430

4,430

4,360

4,430

4,388

4,740

5,817

5,905

5,957

5,993

6,080

6,210 6,580 6,265 6,505 6,265 8,892 6,210 8,590 7,590 8,590 7,790 8,290 7,200 8,490 7,200 8,390 7,297 8,290 7,297 7,395 7,258 8,090 . 5,555 7,990 7,297 7,890 7,200 7,990 7,143 7,690 7,143 7,690 7,105 7,990 7,067 9,405 5,853 9,302 6,580 8,490 6,542 8,934 6,4.r0 8,690 6,265 8,490 6,265 8,190 6,172 9,610 6,028 9,508 6,728 9,200

DAY.

Mean Diily Dis-harge. Second-feet, Oswego River, at Cattle Island, N. Y.—(Contluded).

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

28

29......

30

31......

8,700 4,220 20,674

4,1 50 ..... 20,795

4,50-?..... 20,533

4,503..... 20,432

to

. h- ►—

• to to

,698 , 150

4,942 10,125 5,782 10,335 5,380 10,125 5,265 ......

4,585 4,248 4,480 4,075 4,585 4,663 5,298 4,663

4,585

4,507

4,332

6,135 6

995

6,172 6, 6,028

8,490

Mean.. 8,188 4,360 8,620 16,365 7,979 6,749 7,171 4,677 5,296 4,730 6,732 8,388

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Oswego River. at Battle Island, N. Y. [Drainage area, 4,990 square miles.]

Discharge in

>-FEET.

Run

-OFF.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March....

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

Augnst... September October... November, December.

9,712

4,895

20,795

19,714

11,172

10,645

10,850

5,330

6,265

6,172

7,790

9,610

4,150

3,655

3,400

12,150

4,942

1,000

4,332

916

4,290

800

5,555

6,505

co ^ Vi to a ^ co co o co >-» 00COCO<O-*4-*4^^4C2l''O200 OOtOOCi"'-!*—‘COCOC'OOOO

1.64

0.87

1.73

3.28 1.60 1.35 1.44 0.94 1 .06 0.95

1.35

1.68

CO CD O - OC2CDOOC2COCOOO <OQOCCC5K-‘^OiCO>—CO

Total

20.26

'hr ■'

GENESEE RIVER DRAINAGE.

GENESEE RIVER AT ROCHESTER, MONROE COUNTY,

N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the Elmwood avenue bridge in Rochester, was established in February, 1904, by E. A. Fisher, City Engineer, under whose direction readings of the stage have been taken. Readings have also been taken by Wm. Moran for this Department, beginning March 20, 1905. The gage board, which is 16 feet in length and graduated decimally, is secured to the down-stream face of the first pier from the east abutment of the bridge.

This gage is located above the State diverting dam, which causes, however, but little fluctuation in the level. The total yield of the watershed passes the Elmwood avenue bridge, except the water diverted from Allen creek at Scottsville, which is brought down the abandoned Genesee Valley canal for the supply of the Erie canal at Rochester, and the water drawn from Hemlock lake, the outlet of which is tributary to Genesee river, for the water-supply of the City of Rochester.

During the low-water seasons of 1903 and 1904, a series of current-meter measurements were made in the Carrol and Fitzhugh, and Johnson and Seymour raceways, which received their water-supply from the Johnson and Seymour dam. The results of these measurements, also data and information in regard to the flood discharge ’ of the Genesee river, may be found in the Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor, for 1904, pages 515-519.

Current-meter measurements have been taken at the Elmwood avenue bridge under the supervision of R. E. Horton, hydrographer, U. S. Geological Survey, and the accompanying tables have been computed from data furnished by him. Meter measurements have been taken during 1905 as follows:

List of Discharge Measurements on Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, near Rochester, N. Y.

Date.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

Mar. 22.. . .

Mar. 22.. .. Mar. 25.. . . Mar. 27.... Mar. 27....

j C. C. Covert.... I I E. F. Weeks.... )

E. F. Weeks E. F. Weeks E. F. Weeks E. F. Weeks

Feet.

382.5

382.5

382.5

382.5

382.5

Square feet. 4,222.0

4.201.8 4,304.3

4.198.8

4.163.8

Ft. per second. 5.87

5.92

5.92

6.00

6.94

Feet.

10.00

9.95

10.20

9.92

9.82

Second-feet.

24.707.4

24.863.4 25,&7.8 25,184.0

24.760.4

List of Discharge Measurements on Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, near Rochester,

N. Y.—{Concluded).

Date.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. Mar. 28.. Mar. 29.. April 2.. April 3.. April 4.. Aug. 28..

o

^ ® (D

® ® ® ® ® ® 2.

c+m ai to to a

Feet.

382.5

382.5 373.0 372.0 372.0

352.5

Square feet. 4,045.6

3.959.4

2.136.4 1,891.2 1,818.6

973.8

Ft. per second. 5 82 5! 69 3.06 2.75 2.52 0.45

Feet.

9.50 9.08 4.18

3.50 3.28 1.11

Second-feet.

23,547.9

22,525.2

6,530.0

5,197.5

4,576.2

440.8

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April, j May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. j Nov. Dec,

1904.

2.

3.

4.

5.

i,

8...

10

11

12

13

14.

15..

io

17

Is

19

21

22.

23.

24.

25.

2li,

27

28

31

31

. 3,710 . 13,910 . 16,210 . 16,210 . 14,900 . 14,240 . 18,880 . 20,550 . 22,210 . 20,220 17,210 11,060 . 6,760 . 4.350 . 4,570 . 3,710 . 3,100 . 2,900

. 6,250

! i 2 ’ 3 i 0 . 17,550 . 18,220' . 23,550 . 26,510 . 26,870 . 22,210 . 12,950

8,670 8,100 8,960 12,950:7,290 8,960 12,630 3,920 5,750 9,250 3,500 3,920 6,760 3,300 3,500 6,000 3,100 3,710 5,750 2,900 [ 3,300 5,260 2,700 2,700 5,260    ~

10,110

13,910

,570

,570

,570

,560

2 j 510 2,510 2,320 3,100 2,130 3,100 2,040 2,700 1,950 2,130 1,770 1,770 ,320 1,770 ,920 1,770 ,130 1,600 ,300 1,280 ,500 1,120 ,750, 1,045 ,500: 1,045. ,570 1,440 ,920l 1,600 ,500 1,600 ,100 1,280 .900 1.120

,060

,510

’970

,100 1,120

970

>o»

680

680

C.MI

970    550

970

970

to to to

vjo

VJO

680: 5501

55Q'

5511

550

55(1

550

130

1,770 1,440 1,280 1,120; 970

970

820

1,120 1,600: 1,770 1,4401 1,280 1,280 1,280

820

820

820

820

820

I.MI

(.Ml

680

550

550

.Vi,

550

550

550

550

550

550

550

550

550

550 550 7

550

Mean,

13,901 7,778 3,558 2,555 1,584

__to

1,212:

659 1,731

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y.*

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. ^ April. May. June. July, i Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. | Dec.

1905.

,3,815 '4,025 4,460 5,145 2,800 3 ,815

10

2,605

:2,415

2,225

11

2,225 . . 2,225 . . 2,225 . ••

GOtOtOCOCOCOrfi.^^OiOOO

o CO

OOOOOOOOOOO Cn

22*sag'ss*s*sasss

0000000000 00

t—'‘Cnn>h‘ CO CO CO ►—¹¹ ‘‘i—‘H-‘i—1 >o-^coocncococococo

0000000000 00

980 1,130    550    420:    1,960 2,510

980 1,130    550 :    420    1,870 3,100

905 1,610:    420    420[    1,780:2,700

980,1,6101    5501    4201    1,440'2,320

905 5,500 830 2,700 980 1,960 420 1,130 4,140 420 1,130|5,260 980:3,300 420 1,130 2,700 420 2,320|2,510

420

♦ Record furnished by R. E. Horton, Hydrograj:her, U. S. Geological Survey,

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

.r • ■

vn&rA

FEB. 10 20

Discharge of Genesee River at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y., 1904.

JAN. 10 20

•Sec //•

/6. OOO

/<ooo

ooo

/o. ooo

s.ooo

6,000

4,000

ooo'z

DEC. 10 20

NOV 10 20

OCT 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1905

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

MAR. 10 20

FEB 10 20

Discharge of Genesee River at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y., 1905.

JAN. 10 20

Se-e

0009/

/-*f OOO

/2 OOO

OOO Of

3 000

000 9

OOO*-

2000

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y.

—(.Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct. Nov.

Dec.

13

1905.

14

15

16

17

IS

19

21

22

24

25

26

27

2S

3,815]

2,225

5,145

6,375

6,125

4,685

3,815

3,400

3,200

3,200

3,000!

3,000

3,000

2,800

12,605

550

420

::n

31

...... 3,930 1,960    2,510    1,780 1,610

......    3,720    1,960|    2,140    2,140]1,780

...... 3,510 1,960    1,780    3,720 1,610

...... 3,100 1,960    1,440    3,1004,610

...... 2,900 1,960    1,280    2,320 1,610

...... 2,900 1,870    3,930    1,780,1,440

13,290 ...... 1,130 ...... 4,800'    690......

1,130

980

830

'.'Ml

420

550

O'.-i i

690

660

1,440 1,960 1,280 1,780 1,130 1,610 1,130 1,960 1,130 1,130 1,130    980

1.130

1.130

s::<>

’980

660

£05

830

760

660

7' ii

830

830

830 5,640

s:;u

1,130

1.960 7,830 4,800 4,140 3,510 3,100 2,700 2,320 9,250

8.960

Mean... 3,495

22,316 4,462 1,691 2,96711,633 1,478    680    695 1,296

3,108

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Genesee River, at Elmwood Avenue Bridge, Rochester, N. Y. [Drainage area, 2,365 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

March. April..

May... June... July... August . September October... November. December.

1904.

26,870

13,910

8,100

8,960

3,500

1,440

1,120

2,900

970

13,910

2,900

4,570

1.770

’820

SJH

420

420

550

.VO

13,<01 7,778 3,558 2,555 1,584

763

I.HJ

1,212

' ..Mi

1,731

lOCOHHOOOOOO

6.78

3.67

1.73

1.21

0.77

0.37

0.28

0.59

0.31

0.84

1905.

January. . March*...

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

6,375

25,955

13,270

2,320

8,100

4,800

4,140

1,130

1,280

5,640

8,960

2,225

13,290

2,900

1.130

1.130

’905

420

420

i'.li i

690

to

toco

t—¹ to C5 05 05 0 05 ^ CO ^ OOCOOOMC005COC5I—CO OOOSC^OOOCO^sIH^tOCJOi

CO b-i

1.48

9.44

1.89

0.72

1.25

0.69

0.62

0.29

0.29

0.55

1.31

1.70 4.21 2.10 0.82 1 .40 0.S0 0.72 0.32 0.34 0.61 1.52

GENESEE RIVER AT GENESEE JUNCTION, MONROE

COUNTY, N. Y.

This gaging station, which is located at the West Shore R. R. bridge, was established March 21, 1905. The gage is placed in a horizontal position and secured to the lower chord of the south truss at center of bridge.

* Record only from the 20th to the 31st of the month.

Readings are taken daily by means of chain and plumb-bob attachment, by G. E. Krill.

The West Shore R. R. bridge is about 5J miles south of the Elmwood avenue bridge in Rochester. The only tributaries to the Genesee river between these points are the little Black creek on the west with a drainage area of 19 square miles, and Red creek on the east with a drainage area of 24 square miles. The total difference of drainage area between this gaging station and the Elmwood avenue gaging station is 43 square miles.

Current-meter measurements have been taken here by C. A. Poole, as follows:

List of Discharge Measurements on the Genesee River, at West Shore R. R. Bridge.

DATE.

Width.

Area

of

section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Elevation ' of water-surface.

Discharge.

1905.

October 3.. . October 26. . November 27

Feet.

169.5

170.5 170.0

Square feet. 1,604 1,723 1,672

Ft. per second. 0.23 0.49 0.38

Feet.

1.7

2.4

2.1

Feet.

507.7

508.4

508.1

Second-feet.

364

844

627

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of Genesee River, at Genesee Junction, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

8'

10

11

12

13

14

15

514.5    509.5 508.2 ..... 609.4 £08.2

511.8    £09.2 508.2

511.4    £09.1......

510.4    £08.9 508.3

510.8508.8    £08.3 510.7:

510.4 508.9 510.4 .....509.1 510.3

509.8    508.8 509.7

509.6    £08.7 £09 8 £08.5 511.1 508.4 510.3

509.9

509.6

£09.2 £09 2

£09

16

17

19

21

23

24

25

521.6

521.4

521.9

521.9

26

27

521.8

521.2

520.5

519.5

517.5

.4 510.8 . . 510.6 .2 510.1 .2 £09.1 .2 £09.1

.3 £08.4 .4 £08.4 . . £08.3 .1 £08.2 .1£08.5 .1 £08.6

M <1 <1 <1 M <1 • MM

•    Cn Cn Cn cn cit rn*    g g g g g g •    g g ct, m rn cn •    c™ rnfnfigg •    g g

•    *q *q *sj ■    00 GO GO 00 00 00 •    GO 00 00 v| s    M M M M M *    N *4

Cu g Cn g • Q Q Q Q ^ Q ' Cn Ct Cn <*y? Cn Ct, . Ct. fn Cn g g g • g

oooooooooogo• oogoooooooco• oSooooooqo- 00oo0000OO00• 00

.2

Ctt n Ct* Crx

oooo

.2 511.8 .2 510.3

8.2.....

8.2 510.1

...... 511.5

£08.3 510.3 £09.5 £09.8 £09.5 £09.6 £09.5 £09.7

£09.4 .....

£08.9 £09.9

...... £09.6

£08.7 £09.4 £08.7 £09.2 £08.5 £08.9 £08.5|£08.7

£08.3|.....

£08.3 £08.3

...... £08.3

£08.3'£08.3 £08.3i£08.8 £08.4 £09.2 £08.2 511.7

£08.2.....

£08.2 510.5

......1510.1

£08.2 £09.5 £08.2 £09.7 £08.2 510.7 1 511.5512.7

£07.6

£07.9

£07.9

£07.8

£07.8

£07.8

'£07.7

£07.7

£07.7

£07.7

£07.7

£07.7

£08. i £08.1 £08.1 £08.1 £08.2 £08.3

£08.5 £ 08.5 £08.5 £08.5 £08.5 £08.4

.1 £08.8 £08.8 £08.8 .4 £08.8 .9 £08.4 .5 £08.3

^ CnM •-

£08.8 508 £08.9 £08 508.7 £08

£08.7......

£08.7 511.7 508.6 511.4

..... 511.8

£08.4 511.4 £08.3 513.8 £08.3 512.2

£08.3 ......

£08.3 509.8 £08.3 509.7

..... 509.4

509.5 508.3 508.9 £08.3 508.7 508.2 ......

£09.7

509.6

509.5

£09.9

509.9

516.2

513.2

511.4

£09.9

£09.8

£09.7

.5

.4

.4 £08.1 .2 £08.1 . . £07.9 .2 £07.9 .2 £07.9 .2 507.8

.1 £07.8 .1 £07.8 . . £07.8 511.1 £07.8

£08.

£08.

Elevation of zero of gage = 506.7, B. C. datum.

LAKE CHAMPLAIN DRAINAGE.

WOOD CREEK AT WHITEHALL, WASHINGTON COUNTY,

N. Y.

A record of the discharge of Wood creek has been kept since September 19, 1904, when a gage was established above the stone dam of the Champlain silk-mills, by D. B. LaDu of this Department. The gage board is fastened to retaining wall on east side of creek, about seventy feet above the dam and directly under Clinton avenue bridge. The gage is graduated in feet and tenths and is read twice daiiy by S. H. Pearson. The zero of gage is placed at same elevation as crest of dam, the elevation of which is 107.5, Barge canal datum.

The dam has a flat crest four feet wide, and total length of spillway is eighty-three feet. There is an additional spillway on west side of creek at elevation 113.6, which is seventy-nine feet long. The discharge over the dam has been calculated by means of the weir formula, using coefficients derived from the Cornell University experiments made in 1898.

There are five openings with gates in breast wall, but only two are used at present for supplying the silk-mill; the other three are now used as waste-gates and are seldom open. There has been no allowance made, in the record of flow, of the diversion of water for the silk-mills, the gage readings being taken in the morning before the gates are open and in the evening after they are shut. There is very little pondage in the creek, the water-surface quickly assuming the level due to the natural flow.

The mean discharge has been calculated from each observation taken at the gage, thereby giving a mean for twelve hours, and the maximum and minimum discharges given in the accompanying table are, therefore, means for twelve hours and do not represent the highest and lowest flow of short duration. The discharges given in the table of “ Mean Daily Discharges ” are means for twenty-four hours, however.

The record does not include the water used or wasted for lockage purposes in the Champlain canal at Whitehall and, hence, does not represent the total yield from the drainage area of 428 square miles.

A description of the watershed of Wood creek and Mettawee river will be found in the State Engineer and Surveyor’s Report for 1904, pages 535-547.

A gage has been maintained below the dam at Whitehall by this Department since January 22, 1905, giving a record of the

fluctuation of Lake Champlain. It has been observed twice each day and the appended table shows the mean of these observations reduced to elevation of water-surface.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, Wood Creek, at Whitehall, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

^ 1904.

1,175

615

445

405

630    417

615    345

460

615

28S

445

600

287

395

288

7.7.

367

447

245

330

348

245

10

355

367

225

117.

393 j

205

635

::.v,

225

12

13

825

405

225

405

14

15..

660

472

485

225

542

225

16

573

225

17

487    225

18

19

225

445

430

205

205

20

215

405

405

205

21

22

187

23

188

24

25

167

1,320 3,048 2,042 1,530 1,003

405

460

485

460

558

205

205

225

225

225

26

358

912

542

245

27..

28

430

405

1.155

’982

500

4SS

287

29...

677

860

472

30

1,295

773

473

1,140 1 ,615 1 ,245

31

790

Mean

399

804

487

373

1,

1905.

690

185

2.

692

185

350

185

5.

225

185

6.

225

185

9.

10.

I 752 1,660 1,360 810

185

135

150

11

543

120

120

12

570

120

13

670

167

14.

692

15

225

16.

205

225

268

18

330

225

19

332

225

20

355

225

21

355

205

22..

355

185

23

333

185

24.

287

205

25

265

225

26

27

225

265

265

29

265

311

265

225

225 5,580 225 3,875 225 2,490 225 2,235 225 2,295 225 3,090 225 3,717 225 2,613 225 2,235 225 1,710 225 1,815 225 2,677 225 2,423 225 1,910 225 1,615 225 1,435 265 1,395 287 1,355 1,265 1,195 3,208    965

1,435 1,445 1,435 1,705 1,157 1,400 825 1,115 3,393 1,115 6,325    965

7,070    895

7,070,

7,070 7,070    825

6,855 ......

825

755

630

755

790

755

965

825

825

860

825

825

755

825

860

895

895

860

57(1

5711

188

602

755

755

690

690

690

660

690

790

690

I,Ml

690

723

755 1,435 755 1,355 690 1,320 690 2,612 570 2,185 600 1,525 570 1,355 630 1,880 690 2,613 690 2,612 660 1,725 690 1,275

690

1,195

1,355

1,615

1,355

1,050

1,040

600

690

825

790

755

722

630

570

570

515

515

515

432

433

460

432

405

433

380

355

310

355

460

757

1,195

790

755

630

570

515

ls7

433

407

355

405

405

355

380

408

670

790

«'.:u

515

570

570

542

515

460

460

515

570

51.5

515

600

570

1,195 1,615 1,525 1,435 1,355 895    570

755

722

690

660

570

755

515

690

515

515 1,365 542 1,195 543:1,530 51512,692 5151,815 662 1,525 825 1,435 790 1,435 760 1,195 690 1,040

460

•662

515

575

790

690

i,' n

660

690

860

690j 790 660J 755

600

690

ii

i.' ii

600

630

1,585'

3,015

2,880

3,430

3,018

2,235

1,525

1.120

’965

S2.5

825

722

5 13

515

542

570

54::

570

515

432

405

•It ii

460

460

51.5

515

570

542

570

542

515

630

825

543 1,078

570

860

570 825 630 860 570i 860

600

825

828

1,755

1,085 1,570 1,275

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

nvrn

SEPT. 10 20

ft

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

1004

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

Discharge of Wood Creek at Whitehall, N. Y., 1904.

MAR. 10 20

FEB. 10 20

JAN. 10 20

OOOff

7000

6.000

S.ooo

■4000

3000

oooe

/.ooo

DEC. 10 20

NOV. 10 20

OCT. 10 20

SEPT. 10 20

AUG. 10 20

JULY 10 20

9061

JUNE 10 20

MAY 10 20

APR. 10 20

Discharge of Wood Creek at Whitehall, N. Y., 1905.

MAR. 10 20

FEB 10 20

JAN. 10 20

ooos>

7.000

6000

sooo

4000

3.000

e.OOO

/ooo

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Wood Creek, at Whitehall, N. Y, [Drainage area, 427.8 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1904.

October.. November December

3,080

630

:: :ii

Ml 1

1.88

:o

487

1,615

ls>

373

1.14

0.85

2.17

1.27

1.00

1905.

January.. February. March.... April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

1,705

265

7,070

5.580

’965

2,745

1,615

1,040

3,570

755

1,805

3,150

185

120

225

S25

570

460

310

855

460

405

515

460

475

195

1,882

1,926

1.11

0.46

4.40

4.50

1.28

701

1.79

1,127

677

547

1,269

569

2.63

1.58

1.28

2.97

1.33

663

1.55

1,045

2.44

to ►-* >-» 00 I-* to to 04 04 o

48

.02

.06

.94

.82

.47

.31

. 53

.73

Total

29.53

Mean Daily Elevation of Water-Surface of Lake Champlain, at Whitehall, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May.

June.

July. Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

,95

(94

94.

94.

91.

94.

10

11

94.

12

94.

91 .

13

14

94

15

(94.

16

94.

17

is

,94.

gj^^j^OOQOOOOOOOMMOOOOOOOOOO

19......

21

94.7

94.55

94.5

94.5

94.6

94.7 94.45

94.5

94.6 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.6 94.55 94.55 94.55

94.5

95.5

22

23.

24

2'.

.....'94.6 (

.....[94.7

.....94.6 [

[94.7 i 95.6 95.0 94.7 95.0 194.7 94.95 94.7 94.9

26

.6

27......

95

95.45

95.4

95.4

96.05

98.75

99.65

28

.0

29

95.0

195.0

(95.15

94.6

94.7 94.7 94.65100.15

..... 99.65

..... 99.4

..... 99.6

99.3    198 S 99.15(98

98.3    98

98.8    98 98.7 '98 99.0 97 99.05,98 99.05 98

98.9    98 98.85 98 98.9 97 98.9 98 99.0 97

99.2    97 99.0 97 99.0 97 98.9 |97 99.0 97 98.65 97

98.3    97 .98.8 97

99.0 97 98.9 97 98.65(97

98.7    '96

98.8    96

98.9    197.2 98.7 97.2 98.6 97.3 99.0 97.6

... . 97.45

OOOOH O 00    04    05 h-i © O 04 04 Ol i-* o I-¹ to rfi. H-¹ O Co <1 Ci    <|    (

04    Oi    04    Oi    Oi

97.15

97.05

97.2

97.5

97.2

97.6 96.75 96.95

96.8

96.9 96.9 96.85

96.7 96.45 96.45 96.4 96.4

96.45 96.75 96.6 96.6 97.0 97.05

96.8

96.2 96.95

97.45 97.15 97.0 96.85

OiOiOOOOi—©©OtOtOOOCDMH-OtOtfOOOOH*©^ Ol    -01-04    04    04 Ol

96.8    97

96.9    97 97.0 97 97.15 97 97.3 97

97.2    97 97.25 97 97.25 97

97.3    97

97.3    96 97.6 96 97.6 96 97.15 97 97.15 97 97.05 97 97.0 97 96.85 97 96.75 97 96.85 96 97.0 96 96.9 96 96.8 96 96.65 96.5

96.4    96.4 96.55 96.9

96.5    96.6 96.4 96.65

96.3    '96.55

96.45.96.3

96.6    196.2 97.1 '96.7

96.3

96.4 96.4

mi

96.8

96.75

96.8

96.8

96.6

96.6

96.4

96.5

96.6

96.8

96.5 96.0

96.1

96.2

96.9 96.8

97.5 97.35 97.0

97.1

97.6 97.2

96.7 96.4

96.8 96.8

COCOCO<OCOCOCO<DCO<OCOCOCOOCOCDCOCOO<OCOCOCDCOOOCCCOCOCOCO

OO^OOH-OOt-atOtOtOH-ObOCOCO^OCOOtOtOCOOiOOOiOS^l 04 Oi    Ol 04 Ol Ol    Ol

<too

Oi

95.85

95.8

95.8

95.8

95.75

95.8

95.75

95.7

95.7

95.7

95.6

95

94

94

94

95

95

95

95

95

95

95

95

fcO^OiOitO^OiOiOOn-iOOO-viO^COOiOi Cli O1O1 Oi Oi Oi    Oi

95.2

95.5

95.7 95.95

96.4

96.5 95.9

95.8 96.0 95.95 96.0

95.9 95.95 96.0 95.9 95.9 95.9 95.65

95.6

95.5

95.6

95.7

95.8 95.8 95.75 95.8 95.8 95.7

95.6

95.7 95.65 95.6

Elevation of zero of gage = 93.0,"B. C. datum.

Water-Surface Elevations on Cayuga and Cross Lakes and Seneca River.

(Taken on 8th and 9th day of the months shown. Referred to B. C. datum.)

DATE.

Cayuga lake.

Mud lock.

Canandaigua river, south of canal.

Seneca river aqueduct.

Canandaigua river, north of canal.

West Shore R. R. bridge.

N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. bridge.

Point

Mosquito

bridge.

Bridge, J mile above Cross lake.

1884    August. ...383.515 383.215 380.815    380.595    380.435 380.165 379.605 376.095 374.695

December.    381.905 381.795 379.335    379.035    379.00 >1378.815 377.825 375.205 374.465

1885    March..... 382.015 381.845 379.475    379.355    379.1851379.315 378.535 375.315 374.015

August....    382.685 382.475 380.085    379.825    379.535 379.135 378.535 375.975 374.165

December.    383.235 383.105 380.925    380.755    380.535 380.535 379.355 377.785 376.635

1886    March..... 383.905 383.755 382.405 382.295 382.085 381.775 381.275 379.865 378.005

August... . 383.525 383.255 380.135 379.895 379.775 379.255 378.705 375.755 374.305 December. 383.685 383.555 381.815 381.665 381.425 381.225 380.405 378.625 376.625

1887    March..... 385.195 385 195 384.125 383.875 383.715 383.195 382.835 381.495 379.925

August... . 383.795 383.665 381.145 380.925 380.505 380.015 379.465 376.605 374.845 December. 382.265 382.045 ....... 379.595 379.375 379.105 378.345 375.445 374.595

1888    March..... 383.015 382.905 381.875 381.755 381 .445 381 .065 380.565 378.795 377.485

August... . 383.135 382.925 380.595 380.385 3*0.035 379.725 379.015 376.385 374.615 December. 382.735 382.535 381.355 381.175 380.895 380.665 379.825 377.325 377.185

1889    March..... 383.085 382.975 382.135 381.945 381.735 .381.545 381.045 379.765 377.885

August... . .385.095 .385.015 .383.195 382.985 382.685 382.175 381.545 379 .095 378.695 December. 385.455 385.055 383.725 383.455 383.285 383.275 382.845 381.425 380.265

1890    March..... 382.605 382.465 383.095 .382.785 382.745 3S2.265j382.235 381.105 .379.065

August... . 384.545 384.345 381.505 381 .235 380.785 380.515j379.705 376.855 375.785 December. 384.555 384.415 382.555 382.225 382.035 381.675 381.405(380.685 378.645

1891    March..... 386.125 386.055 384.855 384.535 384.565 384.365 384.175 383.375 381.615

August... . 383.055 382.745 379.325 379.305 379.045 378.725 378.095j375.315 374.535 December. 382.495 382.355 379.895 379.715 379.555 379.355 378.385 376.545 375.795

1892    March..... 383.345 383.225 381.465 381.215 3*0.955 381.245 3*0.705^379.055 378.265

August.... 384.325 384.165 384.455 3*0.965 3«0.735 3*0.355 379.895 377.105 375.455 December. 382.955 382.685 381.475 3*0.475 3*0.415 379.515 378.815 377.505 376.405

1893    March....    382.555    382.465    3*1.175 3*0 825 3*0 665 380.305 379.585 377.535 376.235

August... .    383.725    383.385    380.825 3*0 065 3*0 015 379.595 378.885 376.635 .374.975

December. 382.005 381 .875 379.82.5 378.765 378.745 378.725 378.055 375 965 375.255

382.415 382 381.065 3*0

380.955 379 685 379.895 382.265 381 .775 381.555 3*0 025 379.045 379.145 378.975 378.575 378.635 383.795 383.455 383.375 3*0.235 379.525 379.435 3*0.375 379.975 379.965 379.335 378.975(377.395 381.315 3*0.925 3*0.985 3*0 675,3*0.315j,379 035 4451.3*0.365 379.72.5 378.935 378.725 376.365 378.5151378.375 378.315 37*.---------

1894    March....; 382.975 383.025 382.675 382.415 382.245 .382.255 381.765 3*0 075 379.355 August... 384.355 384.145 381 .685 381 ,065 3*0.82.5 380.225 379.515 377.795,375.175 December. 382.805 382.615 380.955 379 685 379.895 379.505 378.675j377.985 375.475

1895    March..... 382.925    382.835    382.265 381 .775 381.555 381.355¹3*0.715 378.935 377.275

August...    383.005    382.615    3*0 025 379.045 379.145 378.745 378.265:376.005 373.865

December. 381.645 381.765 378.975 378.575 378.635 378.615 377.7451375.595 374.335

1896    March..... 384.185 383.995 383.795 383.455 383.375 382.675 382.445 [381.535 379.995

August... . 383.435 383.335 3*0.235 379.525 379.435 379.145 378.9751376.545 374.915 December. 382.685 382.635 380.375 379.975 379.965 379.335 378.9751377.395 376.295

1897    March..... 383.315 383.115 381.315 3*0.925 3*0.985 3*0 675,3*0.315j.379 035 377.445

August... . 382.895 382.885 3*0.4451.3*0.365 379.725 378.935 378.725j376.365 375.245 December. (381.765 381.605 .378.515(378.375 378.315 378.165j377.655|375.305 375.045

1898    March.....1.383.255 383.165 3*1 .545 381 .235 381.16513*0.715 3*0.375j,379.035 378.025

August.... 383.095 382.975 3*0 085 379.725 379..3651.379.115)378.805:376.165 374.305 December 383.165 382.965 381 .005 3*0.665 3*0.545(3*0.155j379.805j.377.885 .376.535

1899    March..... 383.155 382.795 382.975 .381 .045 382.515 3*0.985,3*0.66.5 .378.995 .377.865

August... . 382.4.55 382.435 .379.28.5 .379.465 379.055 378.245(378.205(375.615 .374.375 December. .381.945 381.705 378.755 378.63.5 378.9851378.715(378..36.51375.805 374.665

1900    March..... 384 035 383.795 382.485 382.375 382.7251381.985 .381.615 .380.145 .377.975

August.. . . 382.975 382.835 378.985 378.875 379.22.5j.378.565 378.195(37.5.745 373.645 December. 384.277 384.161 383.514 .382.899 383.245 j.382. .366 381.99813*0.269 379.036

376.456 .375.216 377.056 382.426 378.742

974

1901    March..... 382.757 382.831 3*0.714 380.669 380.575 380.316 .......j.377.619

139

August.. .. 384 657 384.481 380.714 380.589 381.305(380.036 379 449)376 December. 383 027 382.901 381 .235 .381 .024 380 949 380.786 380.259|.378.

1902    March..... 386.217 386.141 384.965 .385.794 385.749|385.046 384.7591384.115

Avgust.... 386.217 386.081 38.3.601 .383.224 383.273:382.6.39 .382.237|380.490 December. 383.487 383.331 381 .426 3*0.564 381.106,3*0 040 .379.519'377.289 376.446

1903    March..... 385.407 38.5.301 383.990 38,3.764(383.679(383 046:382.659:381.199 380.126

August... . 384.807 384.611 381 .363 3*1 034j381 .044 .3*0 356,3*0 009 377.449 376.376 December. 383.887 383.751 381 .043 3*0 984 3*0.743 .3*0.466 .379.919 378.0651376.965

1904    March..... 385.787 38.5.671 385.045j.384.814|.384.7*9 3*4.206(38.3.909:382 369 3*0.318

August... . 385.361 38.5.031 381 .625 381 .464 381 .3*6 3*0.596 380.279 .377.789 376.333 December. 3*2.9*7 382.871,379.526 379.344 379.266 378.986,.378.309 375.909 374.256

¹

For additional data of gagings of Oswego river, see Report on Stream Gagings, contained in Supplement, Report of State Engineer and Surveyor of New York for 1902, pp. 84-96; also 1903 pp. 41-42.

1905    March..... 382.507 382.281 3*0.595 3*0.364 3*0.241 379.866,379.589(376.879 375.4S3

August... . 384.457 384.181,3*0.615,3*0.314 3*0.219 379 916 379.779 377.669,376.408 December. 383.607 383.381 i381.085 380.864 380.689, .380.604 380.229 378.25913 77.

Compiled from the Annual Reports of the State Engineer.

No.

PLACE

LIST OF GAGING STATIONS, 1905

STREAM

No.

PLACE

STREAM

Ufptr

L.

Whitehall, below Dam.... Whitehall, above Dam....

♦Northville..................

♦Glens Falls Feeder Dam......

_ ort Edward....

Opp. Snook Kill.

Crocker’s Reef..

Her, abov Her, belo\

Fort

e Dam w Dam

Fort Mi

Fort Miller, 1 mile below Northumberland (McElroy’s) ..

ile belotf......

Thomsons, J i

Schuvlerville.........

Mechanicville, above I

Mechanicville, below Dam......

Hudson V. Power Co. above Dam Hudson Y. Power Co. below Dam ♦Troy, State Dam, above Dam. ♦Troy, State Dam, belo ♦Schaghticoke.

♦Hoosick Falls.

♦Cohoes W.Tro

Dam

ow Dam..

Water Co’s Dam......

oy W. Co’s Dam, Emerick,

Rexford Flats.............

Aqueduct, above Dam.........

♦Schenectady.......

♦Tribes Hill........

♦Fort Hunter........

♦Schoharie Junction. Fort Plain..........

above State Dam.

Herkimer..

Kast’s Bridge................

Trenton Falls, above Dam ♦Trenton Falls, below Dam tittville, 2 miles below ♦Utica, Black River R.

Rome, below State D Rome, above State Dam Ridge Mills, below Dam .

Ridge Mills, above Dam.

Lake Champlain. Wood Creek. Sacandaga River. Hudson River. Hudson River, Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson Hudson Ri Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River. Hudson River.

Hoosi Hoosic River. Mohawk River. Mohawk River.

Erie Canal Feeder. Mohawk Ri wk

Mohawk Ri Schoharie Creek. Schoharie Creek. Mohawk River.' k River, wk River. Canada Creek. Creek. Creek.

River.

River.

c River.

R. Br..

am

Moha

ver.

River.

ver.

Above Oswego Falls Dam Above Lower Fulton Dam Mouth of Black Creek.... Battle Island Dam. Battle Island Dam. Minetto Dam Minetto Dam Above High Dam. %.

Below High Dam...

Above Oswego Dam Gascon Reef.

Belgium.

Lock.. . winsvi

Baldwinsville,

Below Jack’s

Above Jack’s Reef.........

Above Cross Lake.....;....

Mosquito Point Bridge........

N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R. Crossing.

Mud Lock....................

Clyde........................

Ly

Newark, 1 mile above.........

Elmwood Ave. Br., Rochester..

dge......

isville....

Above

Below

Above

Below

Bald

West

Mohaw Mohaw West¹

ille,

ille.

, below Dam above Dam Reef.......

ve.

R.

R. Bri

Shore

Brown’s Bridge, Scotts Pendleton Change Bridge Above Dam, Tonawanda.

Tonawanda.

Below Dam,

Oswego River. Oswego River. Oswego River. Oswego River. Oswego River.

Oswego River. Oswego River. Seneca River. River, eca River. Seneca River. Seneca River. Seneca River. Seneca River. Seneca River. Seneca Ri Seneca River.. Cayuga Lake. Clyde River. Clyde River. Ganargua Creek. Genesee River. Genesee River. Genesee River. Erie

Tona wanda Niagara River.

eca

Creek.

MAP

OF A

PORTION OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK/³!

Showing Location of Gaging Stations Established and Maintained for the Barge Canal Improvement.

Route of Proposed Barge Canal.

SCALE

12

24

36

ATERTOWX

Pi

“v,

Os>v

e<jt>tch/e

E WJAI.

•vj. J

x/S

L>»(e

Tapper*

<r

Ul

KForKed L

—7£

r;

Whitehall

Miles.

Delta,

Delta.

>■. i dii

% LD

, above; Beach

ow State Dam.......

State Dam.......

Chittenango.

Fayetteville..

Fayetteville.

ray

Bre¹

Brewerton...................

Caughdenoy, above Dam.......

Caughdenoy, below Da Oak Orchard, above Dam.... k Orchard, below Dam....

Three River Point..........

Phoenix, above Dam........

Phoenix, below Dam........

Hinmansville........

Above Old Horseshoe Below Old Horseshoe Mouth of Ox Creek...

Oa

Th

West Canada West Canada Cree Nine Mile Creek. Mohawk River. Mohawk River. Mohawk Ri Mohawk wk Ri Mohawk River. Mohawk River. Mohawk River. Fish Creek. Chittenango Creek. Erie Canal Feeder. Limestone Creek. Oneida Lake.

~ ' ’ River. River.

Moha

River.

ver.

''V'

.Sj

^fCOSWEGD _ S&&4

eS4»&

EGO

ij

J/

».

ton

LocKport ff

Pendleton'*    -

N \/A

U.I___

fizt.....

RochesTejr4₈4

lb

-a

>!

sXpfe 5<WV9

j— T4<T

f\5*.

y 43_/

Eg d

ci Yojp⁹

.33.

(A

14

iv

W A V N E¹

53**'*^ 51 73V°

!ns Falls o

orIf EdArard

7(

uneiaa

Oneida

Oneida

One

One

Tonawi

it

ida

ida

River.

River.

Oneida River. Oswego River.

BUFFA!

___p.

Oswego River. Oswego River. Oswego River.

weg Osweg

•Shows gages maintained by U. S. Weather Bureau during Dec., Jan., Feb. and Mar.

Dam

Dam:....

Os

Os

o River.' o River.

,E

r:

~f'—!

O N T/j

cWir,

AJ    /lAuburnlo

Geneva

r-

IB

!9

•.!

L.

Ono/tdatJA Jl

> SYRA

Oneidao

Tied

mz /

32

f XT-

\v

Me Falls'

Clovers

rille

ONONDAG

\.£

faiW'

E»t

14—

n’:

SaVato

»ga

Bi

»s. "

13

rhnstowno

2i^Ani6tendam ]

AT

•^SCHENECTAii^,

34

iyiNGS|roN/i

iu

______!

IjROY ^

______

//

\YOMI

Codperstoi

a/t /£ s

V)

(V

____LU

irtland

^TLAND

O [T S

ALBAl

to

crt

r)

“—T"

ol'

tv

1 Ithaca

i CHEN

tf.

TOW'ftKIN

Oneonta

i/SCHUjRLER /;

C7T

—-----\

■i

v-

sJTJr

jj5P(slr

V-—

t»

G U S'

ALL lIG ANY

i-----r—r-—1

if

/GY R E E N

dso

i-

>n

c\H\A

Corning

I 0[G/

ARE

CHEM

Heat

XMTRA

H B * O O MJE

i / IbinchamtoiC^

oyL-

/•

-J

O'

t__

v.

:ingj1*ff o

Ml

i mm

f;

■

.

'

fi£!K.isi

__ M

}

REPORT

ON THE

Gagings of Volume of Discharge of

Streams

IN THE

STATE OF NEW YORK.

1905.

By the Division of Hydrography, United States Geological Survey, under direction of F. H. Newell,

Chief Engineer.

Robert E. Horton, Hydrographer.

i.

;:15:    *

-; : / .

; ■ ■ \

< V i;

■ r?

'

! **

Report on Progress of Gaging of New York Streams by the United States Geological Survey,

1905.

As no appropriation for co-operative stream gaging was made by New York State during 1905, the usual report of the District Hydrog-rapher of the United States Geological Survey was not prepared. In order to maintain the series of stream records and reports, as published in the State Engineer’s Reports for the years 1900 to 1904, inclusive, application was made and permission was obtained from Charles D. Walcott, Director, United States Geological Survey, to republish portions of certain Water-Supply Papers, containing the reports of Robert E. Horton, District Hydrographer, on work done in New York during 1905.

This report has been made up as follows:

Hudson, Delaware and Passaic river drainage, from Water-Supply Paper No. 166, by R. E. Horton, N. C. Grover and J. C. Hoyt;

Susquehanna, Chenango and Chemung river drainage, from Water-Supply Paper No. 167, by N. C. Grover and J. C. Hoyt;

Allegheny river drainage, from Water-Supply Paper No. 169, by M. R. Hall, F. N. Hanna and J. C. Hoyt;

Lake Erie, Lake Ontario, St. Lawrence river and Lake Champlain drainage, from Water-Supply Paper No. 170, by R. E. Horton, F. N. Hanna and J. C. Hoyt.

HYDROGRAPHIC FEATURES OF THE YEAR 1905.

The precipitation during the year 1905 was generally above normal in the State of New York. Streams did not generally suffer any serious period of drought. Comparatively little snow had accumulated on the lower-lying portions of the state on December 31, either of 1904 or 1905, so that the run-off of the calendar year 1905 resulted chiefly from contemporaneous precipitation, excepting as modified by differences in ground-water storage and in the stages of lakes and reservoirs at the ends of 1904 and 1905, respectively. The amount of snow storage in the Adirondack and other highlands was considerable, both at the beginning and at the end of the year 1905.    .

Before these Water-Supply Papers were available, the results of the gagings at certain stations had been furnished in manuscript form by the District Hydrographer and are incorporated in the report of

stream measurements in connection with the Barge canal improvement, at pages 563 to 634.

Water equivalent of accumulated snow on ground, at Utica, N. Y. Observed by Robert E. Horton.

DATE.

Depth of snow on ground.

Condition.

Equivalent water depth.

Ratio, water depth

Inches snow per inch water.

snow depth.

1903.

October 27.. November 15 December 9.. December 16 December 21. December 28 December 31

Inches.

Inches.

H* (J

HMOM00. I CD O CD    <

2.260

2.77

2.64

2.39

0.180

0.254

0.220

0.202

5.57

3.94

4.55

4.96

1904.

January 2.. January 5.. January 11. January 19. January 25. February 1. February 8. February 15 February 22 February 29 March 2.... March 7... . March 11. .. March 14... March 21. . . March 25. ..

21

o o o o o »o

22

22

21

18

15

13

14.5

5.5

.39

.52

.56

.65

.28

.92

.165

.42

.67

.04

.04

.42

.52

.67

.92

1.65

oooooooooooooooo

COd^tOCO^tOlOCOtOCOtOLOH-tOH-t-i

OCC50t-‘DC~-lCOCD^lOCncD<lQOOO

CCCOH-COMOiWtOtOCD^tOtfc-Oi^

5.44

5.39

3.65

5.20

3.98

4.37

2.92

3.42

3.00

3.64

3.48

2.42

3.32 2.78 2.45

3.33

1904. November 29. December 5... Dei ember 12.. December 19.. December 27.,

2.75

1.0

2.75

4.5

0.75

Dry, loose ....do... ... .do.. . —.do...

Ice

0.25 0.125 0.25 0.564 0.189

0.09

0.125

0.09

0.125

0.252

11.11

8.000

11.11

8.000

3.968

1905.

January 3... January 9.. January 16. January 23. January 30. February 6. February 13 February 21 February 28 March 6. . . .

5.0

6.75

2.25

10

19.25

14.5

12

10.25

Dry, light.......

....do.........

....do.........

Dry, ice bottom.

Dry............

. ...do.........

Dry, settled.....

....do. .......

....do.........

Damp..........

tocococoro^O'-‘H-o

OOH-tOtOCOH-tOH-050

CDOO-<IMOOCOinCOOOtO CO 05 tO tO CD H-OlQO

0.126

0.242

0.283

0.11

0.188

0.238

0.171

0.226

0.265

0.282

COCOrfkOi4K.CntOCOif-<I

cs W ,£>. O I-* to CO to 05

Water equivalent of accumulateI snow, at Hancock, N. I. D. B. Van Etten, Observer.

DATE.

Accumu

lated

snow.

Water.

Ratio,

water

Inches snow per inch water.

snow.

January 2. . , February 6. , February 14. February 20, February 27. March 6...., March 13..., March 20...

1905.

o o oo os to 5°

Oi

CD

(MIOCCOJIOGOIO

So^C^COC^C^f-ii-H

0.168 0 116 0.163 0.124 0.245 0.267 0.260 0.338

5.952

8.620

6.134

8.064

4.081

3.745

3.846

2.958

Water equivalent of accumulated snow, at Graejenberg reservoir, near Utica, N. Y. R. O. Salis

bury, Observer.

DATE.

Accumu

lated

snow.

Water.

Ratio,

water

Inches snow per inch water.

snow.

December 1.. December 5.. December 12 December 19. December 26,

1904.

Inches.

3.5

3.75

Inches.

6.0

9.0

4.5

0.24

0.35

0.70

1.14

0.81

0.069

0.093

0.117

0.123

0.18

14.49

10.75

8.547

8.130

5.555

January 1.. January 9. . January 16. January 23. January 30. February 6. February 13 February 20 February 27 March 6.., i, March 13..., March 20..., March 27....

1905.

oo oo oo

CDCnCnbinOOOOOiOOiOi

!-* to to to to to >-* oo^H-^totoo<io

OO^CiOMCiOiCntOtO*-⁴!-⁴©

coocbobtobbocoooboo <I00WCi©Oi^ICib-00Q0 00^I

0.249

0.233

0.27

0.28

0.261

0.295

0.298

0.285

0.325

0.28

0.281

0.336

0.397

4.016

4.291

3.703

3.571

3.831

3.389

3.355

3.508

3.076

3.571

3.558

2.976

2.518

ZD

Obsebver.

Gaging Stations Maintained in New York During 1905, by U. S. Geological Survey.

Drainage

area,

square lerence.j Reciprocal. 1 Record from, j Record to. miles.

.000609 Sept. 4, 1903 Con.........G. H. Smith.

.0005402 Aug. 29, 1902 Con.........Frank W. Kidder.

.006702    Mar.    1,    1898 Mar. 31, 1902 T. P. Yates.

.000420    Sept.    7,    1903 Con.........Dan. L. Orcutt.

.012674    May    22,    1901 Con.........F. A. Sutter.

.003802    July    4,    1901 Con.........Eugene Stewart.

.0006544    July    31,    1901 Con.........E. F. Weeks.

.001460 Oct. 15,1902 Con.........David Pulver.

Oct. 15, 1902 Con.........D. B. Van Etten.

July 5, 1901 Con.........John Douglas.

Sept. 23, 1898 Con.........Willard Hayward.

Aug. 25, 1904 Con.........G. R. Warner.

.0007082 |May 22, 1903 Con..........I. T. Trewer.

.0009346

.0004228

3.546 June 7, 1903 Con .......... Sept. 25, 1903 Con

.000357 Dec. 1,1895 Con .000222 jJan. 1, 1888 Con 0009803 jOct. 23, 1900 Con Feb. 13, 1903 Con July 22, 1903 Con July 15, 1903 Con Aug. 24, 1904 Con

City Engineer.

R. O. Salisbury. Bert C. Henry.

F.    E. Chapman.

R. P. Bloss.

G.    H. Monroe.

J. W. Wiley. Frank Pelon.

E. H. Fitch.

C. E. Carpenter. Robert Wilson. John Smeltz.

Wm. Hoffman. Chris. Hannan. John Adrean.

C. H. Smith.

Peter Gambel. Arthur McArthur. May Parmley. Rolla Dunlap.

Jos. H. LaRue.

G. L. Buffham.

E. II. Fitch.

.....<•

A. C. Hare.

E. F. Weeks.

S. J. Fox.

James Brennan. Geo. Savage. Chas. Brannock. Edward Conron. George Rood. Lee Jackson. Wm. McComb.

001088

003082

003906

00424

.0042017

.0068493

1.2658

.00455

.0002907 |Oct. 1, 18981Con

.0007657

.002673

.8475

.006993

.00709

.0007616

.0002004

.007012 J |May 16. 1903 July 1,1904

. 0006341 | April 22, 1903 Con.........

.0008554 I Sept. 21, 1903 Con.........

.2222    Jan. 1,1901 Con.........

.033178 I Feb. 10, 1903 Con.........

•1

Sept. 23, 1898 Con June 5, 1900 Con June 12, 1903 Con June 25, 1901 Con Aug. 13, 1904 Con Aug. 31, 1902 Con Sept 14, 1900 Con

§§§!§§§§§! o oodcooooq

gSggggiggSK

CiCiOiGiOiCCCCOiOicC

HHHHiHHHHHH

^~rH <oV>Tcocm czcZo f

01 CO NHn |

Itllllllll

0016025

0004166

003788

004167

2624

0003223

013477

002747

004636

00012903

Ref-

Xi

1,642

1,851

149.2

2,381

78.9

Jo:;

1,528

685

919

324.5

256

236

1,412

1,070

2,365

0.282

CO t> lO 1-H

County.

GAGING STATION.

STREAM.

^ CO

OOOOOCOOO O CO Tf »-• C0i-» CO O <M t> 00 o OONCO^ CM Tji ON Tt< TT T-. o ^ CO CO 00»OOCMH CM COCO

CM i—l

COO-HlOrH

00 CM

(NO¹®^ CNCflr-OO

co^cmcm th cc cm p~

CO TH

CM

CO

Cattaraugus. Jefferson... .

Tioga........

Chemung. . . Madison.

Greene......

Broome......

Delaware... Delaware. ..

Ulster......

Herkimer...

Saratoga.....

Livingston.. Livingston..

Monroe......

Herkimer... Rensselaer..

Saratoga.....

Saratoga.....

Litchfield...

Monroe......

Hamilton...

Oneida......

Essex.......

Saratoga.....

Herkimer...

Lewis.......

Oneida......

Oneida.....

Oneida......

Oswego......

Oswego......

Orleans......

St. Lawrence St. Lawrence

Oneida.....

Rockland...

Clinton......

Broome......

Oswego......

Greene......

Herkimer... . Onondaga.... Onondaga....

Oneidh......

Dutchess.....

Clinton......

>•

:.s

:⁻S

Buslurk

Gaylordsville, Conn

ill

s!

Dunsbach Ferry, N. Y.

:; >•: >::.: : : : :£ : : :

id i i i *t i : ••

ini il*®

%n

Wood

mb,

Deerfield. N. Y

Plattsburg, N. Y..................

Binghamton, N. Y................

Fox Bridge, near Pulaski, N. Y.....

Prattsville, N. Y..................

New Hartford, N. Y...............

Baldwinsville, N. Y...............

Willow Glen, N. Y................

Twin Rock Bridge, N. Y.........

Wappinger Falls, N. Y.............

Ft. Montgomery, Rouses Pt., N. Y. .

Allegheny river........

Black river...........

Cayuta creek.........

Chemung river........

Chittenango creek.....

Catskill creek.........

Chenango river........

Delaware river, W. Br. Delaware river, E. Br.

Esopus creek..........

East Canada creek.....

Fish creek............

Genesee river.........

Genesee river.........

Genesee river.........

Graefenburg creek.....

Hoosic river..........

Hudson river.........

Hudson river.........

Housatonic river......

Honeoye creek........

Indian lake...........

Johnson brook........

Lake George outlet

Mohawk river.........

Mohawk river.........

Moose river...........

Sylvan Glen creek.....

Oriskany creek........

Oriskany creek........

Oneida river..........

Oswego river..........

Oak Orchard creek

Oswegatchie river.....

Raquette river........

Reel’s creek......

Ramapo river.........

Saranac river.........

Susquehanna river.....

Salmon river........ . .

Schoharie creek.......

Starch Factory creek...

Seneca river..........

Skaneateles outlet.....

West Canada creek. . . .

Wappinger creek......

r-⁴ Lake Champlain.......

a, U. S. Top. Map; b, Bien’s Atlas; c, To be checked or recomputed from U. S. G. S. maps; d, Map, Genesee River Watershed.

LAKE ONTARIO DRAINAGE.

General Features.

In the northwestern part of the State of New York, between Niagara and St. Lawrence rivers, is an area aggregating 12,400 square miles drained by streams which flow into Lake Ontario. The divide which controls this drainage is very irregular. Extending to the south and southeast from Fort Niagara, it passes around the head waters of the Genesee a short distance into Pennsylvania; thence reentering New York it runs southward and eastward from the interior group of lakes, turns to the north, encircles the sources of Black river, turns again to the west, and descends to the lake. The country thus included is level or gently undulating in the counties bordering the lake, but farther south it becomes more rolling, and a series of ridges, gradually increasing in height, stretch down between Cayuga and Seneca, and their companion lakes, finally becoming merged with the elevated, broken country forrhing the principal divide, the abrupt slopes of which attain altitudes of from 2,000 to 2,500 feet about the head waters of the Genesee.

The easterly or Black river lobe of the drainage basin receives the run-off from the southwestern slope of the Adirondack mountains—largely a rugged and forest-covered area, receiving heavy precipitation, especially in the winter.

Drift deposits are generally scattered over the section, and the soil is in part derived from that source and in part from the disintegration of native rocks.

The principal streams of the area are the Oswego, formed by the union of Seneca and Oneida rivers, which drain the chain of lakes in central New York, and Genesee, Salmon, and Black rivers.

OAK ORCHARD CREEK BASIN.

OAK ORCHARD CREEK NEAR MEDINA, N. Y.

Oak Orchard creek drains a swampy plateau, having an elevation of 600 to 650 feet above tide, and lying in an east-west direction south of Medina and Albion, N. Y. At the western border of this swamp the stream turns northward, crosses Erie canal at Medina, and enters Lake Ontario at Point Breeze.

The original Tonawanda swamp had two outlets, the east end draining into Sandy creek, near Holly, N. Y., and the west end being tributary to Tonawanda creek. In 1824 a channel was cut across the west end of the Tonawanda swamp to Oak Orchard creek, the object being to divert a portion of the flow of Tonawanda creek to feed the long level of the Erie canal extending from Lockport to Rochester. This feeder channel intercepts the drainage from a portion of Tonawanda creek watershed, including Whitney creek, a small tributary. The flow from the diverting dam on Tonawanda creek into the feeder channel is controlled by gates and is cut off except during the season of canal navigation.

Water brought from lower Tonawanda creek and from Lake Erie through the Erie canal is passed over the waste-weir at Medina, entering Oak Orchard creek. The amount thus received by the watershed at times greatly exceeds that taken from Oak Orchard feeder for the supply of the canal. Hence the importance of the stream for water-power purposes is chiefly confined to its lower course, about 18 miles, from Medina to its mouth. In this distance occurs a fall of 250 feet. Throughout much of the distance the stream flows through a gulf cut in the drift overlying the Medina sandstone and affording a narrow flood plain.

A temporary gaging station was established on Oak Orchard creek at Coon’s bridge, which is located 6 miles from Medina along the stream and is just below the junction of Tdnawanda feeder and the so-called Acker ditch, an artificial channel 2 miles long, leading Oak Orchard creek into the lower end of the feeder channel.

The stream bends about 100 feet above the bridge, but is straight below, and the current passes normal to the bridge, which has a single span of 60.8 feet between vertical masonry abutments. The low-water flow is confined in a central channel about 25 feet in width, with hard, gravel bed and smooth, uniform current. This channel was excavated by the State of New York in 1894. The remaining channel unoccupied by the low-water course is covered with silt and sand and has numerous willow bushes. A secondary flood channel, having a , width of 26 feet between abutments, is 283 feet to the right of the main bridge. Water also flows over a highway between the two bridges in extreme freshets.

A low-water gage, reading from zero to 4.5 feet, is attached vertically to a brace post underneath the down-stream side of the bridge, at the right-hand side of the low-water channel.

Regular gage observations were not taken during 1905. The discharge measurements listed below were made at a highway bridge 1 mile below Coon’s bridge.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description : 97, pp. 412-415; 129, pp. 79-80.

Discharge: 97, pp. 415-416; 129, p. 80.

Gage heights: 97, p. 416; 129, p. 81.

Discharge Measurements of Oak Orchard Creek, near Medina, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. March 25. April 3...

Covert and Weeks. C. C, Covert.......

Feet.

s'»

74

Square feet. 618

■I I I

Ft. per second. 2.21 1.76

Feet.

10.80

8.00

Second-feet.

1.368

’770

Station Rating Table for Oak Orchard Creek, near Medina, N. Y., from May 17, 1903, to August

9, 1904.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

1.00

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.50

Second-feet.

13

18

28

::::

38

70

50

Ml

56

62

mi

l,S

10

74

so

so

■10

93

'■"

100

60

107

80

114

121

Feet.

2.90 3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50

3.60

3.70 3.80

3.90 4.00

4.10

4.20

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.60

4.70

Second-feet.

128

135

142

149

157

165

173

181

190

199

208

217

226

236

246

256

200

277

288

Feet.

4.80

4.90    j 5.00 5.10

5.20 5.30

5.40 5.50 5.60 5.70

5.80

5.90 6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

Second-feet.

299

310

321

345

357

369

;;m

394

■|o7

■120

433

I 17

177,

7>o |

534

565

597

629

Feet.

7.40

7.60

7.80 8.00 8.20

8.40

8.60

8.80 9.00 9.20

9.40 9.60 9.80

10.00

10.20

10.40

10.60

10.80

11.00

Second-feet.

663

697

732

768

804

842

881

921

1,003

1,045

1,089

1,133

1,177

1,222

1,268

1,316

1,366

1,416

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Oak Orchard Creek, near Medina, N. Y. [Drainage area, 143 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1903.

May 17-31

June.....

July......

August. . . September October... November December.

38

20

53

10

17

122

68

38

•I

74

24

19

24

26

29.1

13.2 26.1 41.4

43.3

32.6

33.7

46.3

0.203

.092

0.113

. 103

.183

.290

.303

.228

.236

.52 1

.211

.334

.338

.263

.263

.374

1904.

March 5-31

April......

May.......

June......

. July.......

August 1-9

1,321

1,041

461

319

959

576

404

53

149

6.57

4.03

1.04

6.60

4.50

1.20

93

56

10

12

11

40.8

29.5

.285

.206

.318

5.2

.036

.238

.012

GENESEE RIVER BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Genesee river rises in Potter county, Pa., 8 or 10 miles south of the New York-Pennsylvania boundary, flows northwestward for about 32 miles by general course, then turns to the northeast, and empties into Lake Ontario, 7 miles north of Rochester. The entire length of the stream, following bends, is about 135 miles, and the drainage area is 2,496 square miles.

In the northern counties the surface is rolling, with long, easy slopes, except along the streams, which usually lie in deep ravines hemmed in by steep banks. On the whole there is a gradual rise away from the lakes, and in the upper half of the basin the country becomes rough and is broken by ridges, the summits of which attain elevations of from 2,000 to 2,500 feet above tide.

In the 39 miles between Belmont, in central Allegany county, and Portage, in southwestern Livingston county, the fall of the water-surface is 253 feet, an average of 6.4 feet per mile. At Portage the river plunges down in three magnificent falls, and thence nearly to Mount Morris flows at the bottom of a deep gorge. From Mount Morris to Rochester the valley is broad and open and the stream is bordered by meadows subject to occasional overflow. At Rochester there is another abrupt descent over three heavy falls, amounting to about 260 feet within the city.

The series of remarkable lakes tributary to the Oswego basin is continued westward into the basin of the Genesee and includes Conesus, Hemlock, Canadice and Honeoye lakes. These lakes serve as natural reservoirs and have inlets draining considerable areas at their upper ends. The slopes adjacent to the lakes themselves are narrow and steep and are drained by gulleys and torrential brooks. The area below the lakes is rolling and the soil is rich and extensively cultivated. The areas and elevations of these lakes are shown in the following table:

Areas and Elevations of Lakes in Genesee River Basin.a

LAKE.

Elevation.

Water-

surface

area.

Drainage

area.

Per cent water-surface.

Hemlock lake Canadice lake Honeoye lake.

Feet.

896

1,092

800

Square miles. 2.8

.7

2.5

Square miles. 46.8 12.6 39.6

6.12

5.57

6.41

Above all the private dams at Rochester the State has a dam for diverting water'to the Erie canal, and in the basin of Black creek, one of the upper tributaries of the Genesee from the west, are two reservoirs, owned by the State, also used for the benefit of the Erie canal.

Cuba reservoir, on the Genesee-Allegheny divide, receives the drainage from a tributary area of 26.6 square miles. The storage volume is 454,000,000 cubic feet. The overflow from this reservoir enters Allegheny river. The storage water may be turned into the summit level of the abandoned Genesee Valley canal and thence into Genesee river.

GENESEE RIVER AND CANASERAGA CREEK NEAR MOUNT MORRIS

N. Y.

This station was established May 22,1903, It is located at the highway bridge near Mount Morris, a short distance below the inflow of Canaseraga creek.5

About 300 feet above the bridge the channel bends abruptly, but it is straight for several hundred feet below the gage. The bed of the stream is of clay. During flood stages both banks are overflowed and the discharge can not be determined at this station.

Discharge measurements are made from a footbridge erected on the outriggers of the down-stream side of the highway bridge, which consists of two spans of 174.3 and 31.7 feet, respectively. The initial point for soundings is the top of the face of the left abutment, down-stream side. Measurements of Canaseraga creek are also made from a bench-mark station near the mouth of the stream.

A standard chain gage, which is read twice daily by J. T. Trewer, is secured to the truss uprights near the center of the main bridge span on the up-stream side. The length of the chain is 15.50 feet. The bench mark is the corner of the wing wall, left abutment, up-stream side; elevation, 30.36 feet above datum plane of gage.

A temporary gaging station has also been established at the dam of the Mount Morris Water-Power Company, in the village of Mount Morris. The dam is of masonry, having a horizontal crest of ogee cross-section, suitable for accurate determination of discharge. A gage has been placed in the pond above the dam and observations were taken during the spring freshet of 1905 and also from September 1 to the end of the year. A portion of the flow is diverted through a section of the Genesee Valley canal, which is utilized as a head-race, the power being used to drive a number of mills and factories. In order to determine the

a These lake basins are shown on the Honeoye, Canandaigua, Naples, and Wayland topographic atlas sheets of the United States Geological Survey, from which the areas have been taken, with the exception of those for Hemlock and Canadice lakes, which are from surveys of Rochester water-works.

b The location of the gaging station and the course of the river from Jones Bridge to its outlet into Lake Ontario near Rochester is shown on the Caledonia, Honeoye, and Rochester topographic atlas sheets of the United States Gsological Survey.

amount of this diversion a gage has been placed in the tail-race below the mills and a number of current-meter measurements have been made, as listed below.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Description: Ann. 19, iv, pp. 262-264; WS. 97, p. 411; 129, p. 81-82.

Discharge: WS. 97, p. 411; 129, p. 82.

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 20, iv, pp. 225-226.

Discharge, yearly: Ann. 20, iv, p. 52.

Gage heights: WS. 97, p. 412; 129, pp. 82-83.

Hydrographs: Ann. 19, iv, p. 263; 20, iv. p. 227.

Discharge Measurements of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 23a.... March 22a.... March 24a....

March 30.....

March 30.....

March 31.....

April 1.......

August 25....

Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. C. C. Covert.......

Feet.

177

177

198

174

168

165

75

Square feet. 3,581 3,296 3,786 2,196 2,070 1,644 1.285

’223

Ft. per second. 3.56 3.30 4.04 4.44 4.42 4.40 4.05 1.22

Feet.

23.68

23.40

24.60

17.07

16.80

14.12

11.78

4.28

Second-feet. 11 ,040 10,870 15,290 9,386 9,152 7,233 5.206

’272

a Pondage on flats below, causing backwater at gaging station.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

7.65

N.7

9.05

8.25

9.55

10.55

12.0

12.0

11.65

11.3 11 .05 11.0 11 .25 12.0

12.35

11.35 10.6 10.55 10.45

10.3

8.2 6.7 8.15 6.55 7.9 6.45 7.8 6.4

7.5    6.35

7.6    6.25 7.6 6.35 7.5 6.35 7.35 6.4 7.4 6.65

7.4

6.75

7! 15 7'o 7.1    6.9

7.1

6.85

6.95 6.6 6.85 6.65 6.65 6.8 6.7    7.9

6.5

6.4

10.1

6.45

9.85

6.5

9.5

9.35

9.1

8.85

8.5

8.6

8.55

8.45

8.3

6.65 23. 6.65 24.

6.6    24. 6.8 24. 6.8 24.

6.7    23. ....20. . . . . 16. . . . . 13.

tO M Cm Cm

C5C505^J<IOOCO>-‘-'JCm«s|«<1^JMMM^IOOCO-<IM<I<IOOOOOOOOOOCO»-‘

4xCM00tO00CM^COCOM©4^4i-CM4^CO©i^.H-CO©4^COtO4^4i.>-‘00CO4^ Cm Cm Cm CmcmCmCm    CmcmCm Cm Cm Cm Cm

^Ox4x^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^CmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCmCm©©

■vJG5^1^JMC5<!<l^J0000©O©'—H^tOtOCOC04i>»4^C5COC5Cna5'*4COOtO to MtOtOM^ltO^JMtO^ltOtOtO to CM_Cm Cm Cm Cm _Cm__CM

• CM CM Cm 05 05 <100 >-* CO M M <100 Cm 4*. Cm Cm CM 05 CM Cm 05 <105 CM 4=» 4^    4* 4*»

• CO CM 3D »-* C5 4^ M M 00 M ^ CO^J ^    ^ W ^    ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^    ^ to

(X>COM£>‘4i‘.4^4^CM4*-4^CMCMCMCMCMC5«siMCMCM4^4^4^4^4^4>'‘CMCHCMCnCM

00 00 00 05 C5C0C0©C500©t%*>-‘t0^lC0C0-slCOCO05<l<l0000C0©>-‘OO>-i

4^- CO CO CO 4^- £>• .£>•__Cm Cm Cm CmCmCmCmCmCmCmCm Cm Cm Cm

• ©©©I-©£*>-*wgjOi05g»*tojjiooKjc*a>£jOtototogtocococico

4^4^rf*CMCMCMCMCMCMCMCM^^.^^4^4^^C0C0C04^4^>*^»*^W

C505<|00O>-*t0CMNjrf*0i0ifc0t0WCM05gjt0©C0gg©>-*C0C0C0t0©00

toC5^^4*4>-4^4*.4^4^CMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMCMC5C5C5CMCMCMCMCM4*.

»-‘CMMOOOO£lgi,<lOOCOi-‘HjjtO£-*i-‘tOCOCMC5C5CDCOCO©tOO©£^»-‘'<l

.......................

«—i    HH    H

h-¹ oo oo to

4*.<lCMC5C5tO45|COWtO£|CMtOQ0CO

Note.—River frozen entirely across January 1 to March 31, approximately. Thickness of ice 1 to 1.4 feet. Gage heights are to the water-surface in a hole in the ice.

Station Rating Table for Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y., from May 22,1903, to December 31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge. ^X.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

4.00

4.10

4.20

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90 5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90 6.00

6.10

6.20

Second-feet.

180

201

225

251

279

310

380

4 Is

458

500

544

5s s

632

676

720

764

SOS

852

896

942

990

1,040

Feet.

6.30

6.40

6.50

6.60

6.70

6.80

6.90

7.00

7.10

7.20

7.30

7.40

7.50

7.60

7.70

7.80

7.90

8.00

8.10

8.20

8.30

8.40

8.50

Second-feet. 1,092 1,146 1,200 1,254 1,303 1,362 1,416 1,470 1,524 1,579 1,635 1,692 1,750 1,810 1,872 1,934 1,996 2,060 2,124 2,190 2,256 2,322 2,390

Feet.

8.60

8.70

8.80

8.90

9.00

9.20

9.40

9.60

9.80

10.00

10.20

10.40 10.60 10.80 11.00 11.20

11.40 11.60 11.80 12.00 12.10

12.40 12.60

Second-feet. 2,458 2,526 2,594 2,662 2,730 2,868 3,008 3,152 3,300 3,450 3,602 3,754 3,908 4,064 4,220 4,376 4,532

,690

,8.0

5,010

5,1.0

5,330

5,492

Feet.

12.80

13.00

13.20

13.40

13.60

13.80 14 00

14.20

14.40

14.60

14.80 15.00

15.20

15.40

15.60

15.80 16.00

16.20

16.40

16.60

16.80 17.00

S3

c*

-!h

«ocooo<x>ooooooawsrsi<!sja5Ci®®a>C5CnOioi

ooofcsao^oorfitooto^ocQOUojsaorfsooi'

applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1903-1905. It is not very well defined. Above gage height, 17 feet, there is liability of backwater at this station; hence no estimates have been made for gage heights above that stage.

Note.—The above table is

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1904.

6,902 5,130

..... 3,754

,692 2,798 ,142 2,190

tn CO CO CO CO 05

602

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

10

20

22

24

26

27

C5CSO>tOCOGOWWCOCOWC2COtOtOfcOtOtf^4i.<t

,410 1,579 ,152 1,416 ,226 1,227 ,210 1,092 . . . . 1,040 ,028    990

919

142    830

,628 1,362 ,190 1,934

716

,564

,116

716

,602

,798

,107

650

6,986 3,947 2,662 1,996 2,356 1,965 1,416 1,227 1,389 1,721 1,173 874 764

327

362

344

4 is

720

7'. I

531',

15 s

438

£00

698

380

327

279

294

220

206

526

475

676

632

588

1,470

1,965

1,416

1,750

1,146

246

304

220

246

764

53,3,

750

1,362 2,560 3,564 2,560 2,060 ' ,552

50(1

438

438

522

5s s

373

479

330

38 0

327

310

20 I

380

]'.o

422

475

218

::is

395

: ul

348

358

317

257

243

243

271

257

218

206

218

230

22 s

268

268

235

251

265

35s

35s

341

35S

324

251

246

2211

220

2U-

233

186

250

4E0

410

410

1,333 1,4,0 1,996 1,579 1,040

310

327

279

279

310

206

786

310

I- I

676

294

182

203

20 :

203

i" :

1S2

5s s

522

4 70

700

852

942

204

251

204

270

294

294

31

1,579 2,028 1,416 2,124 2,798 1,607 1,303 5,738

566

458

2.00

362

327

344

327

500

1,092

1,040

471

450

38 7

172

22s

852

273

462

(,5 s

1,119

874

265

251

720

279

30 s

235

65 i

273

442

, os

ISO

1,335

257

213

73 1

230

504

294

566

184

518

Mean

2,029

1,229

735!    323

267

704

308

Mean Daily Discharge Second-feet, of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1903.

310

720

184

294

566

446

294

294

01

479

369

426

294

294

479

2,778

1,946

1,373

1,050

317

334

388

575

388

487

351

265

919

265

654

2,472

2,302

1,373

1,000

817

707

641

619

446

1,508

883

388

407

531

279

500

795

317

729

l P,

10

327

438

751

256

11

12

362

13

418

379

379

707

707

575

438

379

531

1,562

883

14

458

379

15

16

438

17

418

362

466

407

6,247 2,603 1,675 1 ,535 1,211

44f;

407

426

388

388

362

351

663

619

509

952

817

729

388

388

426

418

344

334

641

f'.v5

18

418

19

380

327

317

351

362

.-up

317

1,238 952

663

21

22

588

487

'. O'.

619

v;

1,284

905

23

380

24

:ni

1,335

966

509

619

553

426

729

500

426

641

597

25

26

327

:: l l

27

28

344

1,524

1,443

1,996

1,362

795

553

446

407

351

7II¹. i

509

407

388

57.:;

351

55:;

334

285

509

458

2,847 6,835 3,058 1,884 1,535 1,292 1,103 1,319 1,238 1,025

817

380

919

351

317

466

773

20

418

80S

351

30

418

362

808

317

334

8,422

6,289

3,963

334

487

285

446

446

773

773

Mean

a370

626

476

1,208

757

982

1,061

a Ten days.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

is

19

20

•21

22

23

25

26

27

28

29

4,571 3,374 2,628 2,157 2,322 2,356 2,190 1,996 1,721 1,497 1,664 2,798 2,322 1,810 1,635 1,721 1,780 1,721 1,721 1,8 0 8,140

4,930

3,226

2,424

1,934

1,579

1,362

1,200

1,146

1,066

942

919

808

764

742

351

351

334

285

271

707

786 1,346 896 1,909 786 1,232 676    812

6761 724

654 1,097 834

632

588

1,8(1

588.    570

566    483

553

509

£09

£09

446

426

407

407

388

::ou

407

3 Ns

388

369

388

592

2,533 2,002 1,727 1,909 6,490 4,423 2,533 1,698 1.259

’995

878

724

632

50 r.

522

522

544

500

479

458

438

362

919

919

1,872

1,664

1.119

’80S

610

588

500

434

358

518

496

496

376

358

1 ,959 3,330 2,621

2,519

1,804

1.303

’961

7i.ii

584

51 8

518

454

496

loo

760

799

(.0 7

535

535

4711

391

288

288

273

246

241

213

201

ISO

201

201

265

2 05

310

251

251

225

I'.'’.8

225

225

225

180

213

344

720

•500

438

399

588

070

438

344

310

294

251

201

213

I' 'i

211

190

180

190

150

190

225

251

251

251

380

544

50,0

522

522

588

201 1,443 ISO 1,092 170 1,092 170    919

1701 1801

225

327

362 i

310

251

225

225

786

786

676

610

742

610

566

£00

438

362

344

764

764

720

6321 588'

544

566

588

566

544

458

I .8

380

362

399

418

418

380

1,200

5,130

Mean

598

1,346

828

583

311

359

784

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Genesee River, near Mount Morris, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,070 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1903.

May 22-31

June.....

July.. August... September October... November December.

418

327

370

0.346

1,996

919

265

317

476

.585

.445

0.129

.653

.513

8,422 2,778 6,247 6,835 1 ,853

IM

285

317

351

369

1,208

1.13

1.30

757

982

1,061

1,006

.707

.918

.992

.940

789

1 .06 1.11 1.08

1904.

January (28 days).....

February (22 days).. . .

March (15 days)......

April (28 days).......

May.................

June................

July.................

August..............

September...........

October..............

November............

December (30 days).. .

1905.

April (29 days).......

May.................

June................

July.................

August...............

September...........

October..............

November............

December............

8,422

9,043

9,205

7,028

5,738

6,986

1,965

952

3,022

4,376

2.190

’808

327

294

184

2,264 1 4,983 | 6,240 i 4,245 2,029 1,229

2.12

4.66

5.83

3.97

1.90

1.15

2.21

3.81

3.25

4.13

2.19

1.28

658

172

1.996

’475

25 I

180

4,142

8,140 1,066 6,490 3,330 2,519

720

786

5,130 6,986

190

1,146

369

271

358

180

180

150

362

588

735

535

267

704

308

939

2,405

598

1,346

828

583

311

559

784 | 1,921 !

.687

.302

.250

65.S

.288

.878

2.25

.559

1 .26

.774

5 15

.291

55(1

.733

1.80 .

.792

.348

.279

.759

.321

.980

2.43

.644

1.41

892

.628

.325

5S7

.818

2.08

Note.—On the omitted days of January, February, March, April and December, 1904, and April 22, 1905, the gage height was greater than 17 feet. No estimates were made for these days on account of probable backwater.

Discharge Measurements of Canaseraga Creek, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 24a....

March 30.....

March 31.....

April 1.......

August 25... .

Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. C. C. Covert.......

Feet.

100

100

82

60

Square feet.

1,446

772

546

374

92

Ft. per second. 1 .47

3.72 3.87 3.86

2.73

Feet.

6.12

15.12

21.28

Second-feet.

2,011

2,877

2,115

1,444

253

a Backwater from Genesee River.

Discharge Measurements of Tail-race of Mount Morris Power Canal, near Mount Morris, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 30.....

March 31.....

March 31.....

August 24....

Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. C. C. Covert.......

Feet.

....

Square feet. Ft. per second. 106    2.32

102    2.22

2.06

95

85

1.91

Feet.

2 62 2 35 2.11 2.08

Second-feet.

245

189

158

GENESEE RIVER AT ROCHESTER, N. Y.

This station was established February 9,1904. It is located at the Elmwood avenue bridge, in Rochester, N. Y.

The stream bed is of gravel and is clean and fairly permanent. The bridge consists of six spans of about 125 feet each. Conditions are favorable for the use of a current-meter. This gage is located above the State diverting dam, which causes, however, but little fluctuation in the level.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of Elmwood avenue bridge. The initial point for soundings is the top of the face of the left abutment, down-stream side. A standard cypress staff gage, which has been read during 1905 under the direction of E. A. Fisher, city engineer, is secured to the down-stream face of the first pier from the right-hand abutment of the bridge. The gage is 16 feet long and is graduated decimally with galvanized-iron division marks.

During the low-water seasons of 1903 and 1904 a series of current-meter measurements were made in the Carroll & Fitzhugh and the. Johnson & Seymour raceways, which receive their water-supply from the Johnson & Seymour dam on the Genesee in Rochester. This dam is located below the point of diversion from Genesee river to the Erie canal feeder, and the pond above the dam receives only the supply available beyond that used by the extensive development at the three falls on the river which occur within the city limits. The dam is of masonry and is practically water-tight. An accurate profile of the crest of the dam has been obtained.

Measurements were taken both in the daytime and at night, in order to determine the relative day and night use of the water for power purposes. The water being drawn down to the minimum stage, the measurements represent, as nearly as possible, the natural low-water flow of the stream at this point.

Gage readings have been taken by the engineer department of the City of Rochester for a number of years, and the data have been used in computing the full discharge of the river.

The information furnished by the measurements at the dam will serve to extend the rating curve at Elmwood avenue bridge. The record at that point will, on the other hand, afford a basis for estimating the diversion of the two large power canals adjacent to the Johnson & Seymour dam.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 65, pp. 139-140; 97, p. 398; 129, pp. 83-84.

Discharge: 97, p. 399; 129, p. 84.

Discharge, flood: 65, p. 141; 97, pp. 400-403.

Elevation of water-surface: WS. 65, pp. 141-142; 129, p. 85.

Discharge Measurements of Genesee River, at Rochester, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. March 22. March 22. March 25. March 27. March 27. March 28. March 29. April 2... April 3... April 4... May 28...

Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. Covert and Weeks. C. C. Covert.......

Feet.

3VJ

382

382

382

382

382

3S2

373

372

3 72

352

Square feet. 4,222 4,202 4,304 4,199 4,164 4,046 3,959 2,136 1,891 1,819

Ft. per second. 5.87 5.92 5.92' 6.00 5.94 5.82 5.69 3.06 2.75 2.52

Feet.

10.00

9.95

10.20

9.92

9.82

9.50 9.08 4.18

3.50 3.28

Second-feet.

24,710

24,860

25,490

974

.45

1.11

25,180

24,750

23,550

22,530

6,530

5,197

4,576

441

Additional results of the gagings of Genesee river at Rochester during 1905 will be found at pages 627-629.

CANADICE LAKE OUTLET NEAR HEMLOCK, N. Y.

Canadice lake is tributary to Genesee river through Hemlock lake outlet and Honeoye Creek.a The area drained by the lake forms an irregular rectangle, the lake lying somewhat to the left of the longitudinal axis and the greater portion of the drainage being on the eastern slope. The western slope is narrow and precipitous. Bald Hill rises from an altitude of 1,090 feet at the lake to 1,800 feet at the summit and has its axis parallel to the lake at an average distance of three-fourths of a mile from it. The lake has a water-surface area of 0.7 square mile and drains a total area of 12.6 square miles, 5.6 per cent of which is lake surface.

A weir was constructed at the outlet at the foot of the lake by the city engineer’s department of Rochester, N. Y., in February, 1903. The entire yield of the drainage basin passes this weir.

A standard thin-edged weir, with a 5-foot crest and two end contractions, is so arranged with needle timbers at the ends that during high water the length may be increased to 14.96 feet with no end contractions. The weir crest stands 3 feet above the stream channel and is never submerged by backwater. There are two additional rectangular gates, each 1 foot square, with three complete contractions and a fourth partial contraction at the bottom. The outflow from the lake above the weir is controlled by gates.

A reading of the depth of the weir is taken each morning, and also for each change of the gates, the depth being read to hundredths and corrections being made for velocity of approach for the larger discharges. The discharge is calculated by the Francis formula. The record has been furnished by E. A. Fisher, city engineer, and John F. Skinner, principal assistant city engineer, of Rochester, N. Y.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, pp. 404-406; 129, p. 86.

Discharge: 97, pp. 407-409.

Discharge, monthly: 129, p. 87.

Diversions: 97, p. 410.

Gage heights: 97, p. 409.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Canadice Lake outlet, near Hemlock, N. Y. [Drainage area, 12.6 square miles.]

MONTH.

Mean

Mean elevation of discharge in lake above second-feet. low water, in feet.

Run-off.

Second-feet per square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

January... February..

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

1904.

8.70

26.51

40.85

32.46

25.27

17.19

9.72

8.35

6.06

5.04

2.84

3.97

1.42 2.38 2.90 2.69 3.15

2.79

2.43

1.80 1.22

.15

—0.24

»-* to to CO too

COtO^^OMCOOCntOi—‘CT> Ox Oh O

0.796

2.27

3.74

2.88

2.32

1.52

.888

.764

.537

.460

.251

.362

The year,

15.58

1.79

1.24

16.79

January... February..

March.....

April......

May......

June......

July......

August September October... November. December.

1905.

12.2

.297

.968

1.12

5.5

.044

.437

.455

18.2

21.8

11.2

16.8

19.7

18.0

.670

7.5

6.1

5.2

6.1

2.055

1.942

2.573

2.806

2.386

1.578

1.44

1.73

vvi

1.33

1.56

1.43

1.66

1.93

1.02

1.48

1.80

1.65

.596

.665

.926

.484

.558

.464

.413

.461

.509

.484

.558

The year

12.36

1.354

.980

13.36

a This drainage basin is shown on the Honeoye and Wayland topographic atlas sheets of the United States Geological Survey.

HONEOYE CREEK AT EAST RUSH, N. Y.

Honeoye creek, the outlet of Honeoye lake, enters Genesee river at Genesee Valley Junction. Four miles below its source it is joined by the combined outlet of Hemlock and Canadice lakes. The drainage area of the creek, approximately rectangular in form, is about 30 miles long and has an average width of 9.5 miles. The fall of 280 feet in the course of the stream has been largely used in the construction of dams. The diversion from Hemlock lake by the City of Rochester is to be added to the measured run-off at East Rush to obtain the total yield of the drainage basin. The average diversion rate is about 22 second-feet.

The gaging station was established February 13, 1903. It is located at the gristmill dam in the village of East Rush.

The dam is of timber, and its crest, 150.15 feet long, varies somewhat in level. The record includes the flow over the dam and the discharge through two Leffel standard turbines, one 48 inches and the other 35 inches in diameter. Record is also kept of the head on the turbines, the number of hours each runs per day, and the average gate opening. This last is obtained by noting the number of gear teeth out of the total possible number through which the wheel-gate stems may be turned to open the gates, allowance being made for lost motion. The bench mark is on the window sill near the flume. Its elevation is 5.145 feet above the datum of the crest gage and 12.62 feet above the datum of the tail-race gage, the difference between the datums of the two gages being, therefore, 7.475 feet.

During 1905 the dam was repaired, and the discharge subsequent to September 30, 1905, has been calculated from a profile and survey made after these repairs were completed.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97 pp. 403-404; 129, pp. 87-88.

Discharge, mean daily: 129, pp. 89-90.

Discharge, monthly: 129, p. 90.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Honeoye creek, at East Rush, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

43

45

s::

62

41

39

53

41

61

41

-42

41

15

41

20

20

103

52

15

20

28

15

15

107

52

39

35

70

12

5::

41

15

47

16

40

42

64

20

22

15

15

41

41

41

58

10

41

41

42

61

32

37

15

69

52

39

50

41

45

44

48

40

12

41

55

42

64

15

58

20

16

52

39

39

43

43

55

13

41

41

42

26

24

os

25

14

41

15

42

42

43

i .11

42

42

15

42

43

74

20

42

64

28 241

16

15

39

52

41

42

61

87

39

47

15

20

15

42

34

26

39

61

61

101

165

169

77

(il

24

39]

28

70

52

15

77

41

15.

14

77

31

77

42

15

25

19

16

26

25

62

59

40

43

87

16

75

67

55

61

' 56

44

45

87

46

16

28

77

16

20

37

43

49

61

17

12

50

77

18

42

82

19

42

15

20

88

::s

21

22

98

23

15

39

24

70

60

2,705

1,290

494

42

42

42

130

23

26

34

31

41

21

15

42

37

55

155

324

29

54

39

46

15

21

42

40

42

25

66

66

288

54 5

15

180

112

15

15

42

42

70

43

25

42

53

42

58

26

41

40

1,265

1,265

89

40

42

232

45

37

626

42

113

71

15

20

53

53

53

53

76

43

37

124

75

Of,

49

57

41

37

41

15

785

473

7, Os

27

40

41

388

366

500

42

42

ir

15

55

73

44

37

283

28

40

41

21

274

216

15

39;

24

40

55

29

16

216

262

22

39;

42

15

34

52

41

30

55

20

43

25

321

121

30

40

163

162

15

31

5S

213

26 j

30

18!

42

37

42

53

53

55

52

45

42

37

50

43

33

31

42

42

34

57

S5

85

85

124

222

219

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Honeoye Creek, at East Rush, N. Y. [Drainage area, 238 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet 1 per

square mile. |

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.. February. March. . . .

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August. . . September October. . . November December.

98

66

14

2,705

626

43

324

62

107

76

61

61

321

15

15

16

15

15

15

15

12

15

25

25

46

39

346

138

27

67

27

47

40

43

101

0.193 1 .164 i 1.45 .580 |

0.222

.171

1.67

.647

.113

.281

.113

.227

.197

.168

.181

.424

.130

.314

.130

.262

.220

.194

.202

.489

The year

2,705

14

81

.341

4.65

OSWEGO RIVER BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Oswego river is formed by the union of Seneca and Oneida rivers about 12 miles northwest of Syracuse, N. Y., whence its course is northwestward to Oswego, where it enters Lake Ontario. The length of the river, from the junction to the mouth, is about 20.5 miles, and the drainage basin along this distance is a narrow strip of country, moderately rolling. Above the junction of Seneca and Oneida rivers the basin spreads out, attaining an extreme width east and west of about 100 miles and north and south of from 70 to 80 miles. There is, on the whole, a gradual rise from the low, level lands which border Lake Ontario to the north-south ridges which separate the various lakes south of Seneca river and which farther south become merged with the still more elevated country lying along the southern boundary of the Lake Ontario watershed.

The most remarkable feature of the drainage basin is the chain of lakes stretching across its southern border. From west to east the principal lakes are, in order, Canandaigua, Keuka, Seneca, Cayuga, Owasco, Skaneateles and Oneida. These seven lakes include a water-surface of, approximately, 280 square miles, increased by four smaller lakes—Cross, Onondaga, Otisco and Cazenovia—to about 295 square miles. The larger of the lakes, Oneida, Cayuga and Seneca, are used for steam-towing navigation, having connection with the Erie and Oswego canals. Cayuga and Seneca lakes are noted for their depth and for the abrupt slopes of their beds. The influence of the lakes on Oswego river is of the utmost importance in contributing to the steadiness of its flow.

A fall of 100 feet in the course of the main river is largely utilized by seven dams, which also partly canalize the stream. The intervening stretches are covered by the Oswego canal, which draws its water-supply from the river.

OSWEGO RIVER AT BATTLE ISLAND, N. Y.

Oswego river is formed by the confluence of Oneida and Seneca rivers at Three River Point. The stream is shown throughout its course of 24 miles on the Oswego Special and Baldwinsville topographic atlas sheets of the United States Geological Survey. The drainage into the river below the junction of Oneida and Seneca rivers is of small extent and the tributaries are neither large nor numerous, receiving the drainage from a number of small lakes and marshes in a moderately rolling basin. Oneida and Seneca rivers are both notable for the large extent of lake and marsh area contained within their basins, Oneida lake in the former and the Finger lakes tributary to the latter stream affording extensive natural storage regulation of flow to Oswego river. The accompanying tables of discharge show the actual flow past the gaging station, not including the flow in Oswego canal.

This station was established September 14, 1900. It is thiee miles above the mouth of the river and 0.6 mile below the State dam at Battle Island. The discharge measurements from which the rating table has been deduced were made from a cableway crossing the stream 2,900 feet below the gage. The bed of the stream is of rock, and the current is smooth.

The stream is paralleled at the gaging station by the Oswego canal, through which a small amount of diversion takes place.

A board gage in two sections is used. The bench mark is the top of a wire spike driven in a shelf cut in the base of a chestnut tree 300 feet northwest of the gage. Its elevation is 17.35 feet above gage datum. Gage readings have been taken twice each day during 1905 by Miss May Parmley.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological survey:

Description: 65, p. 134; 82, p. 72; 97, p. 378; 129, pp. 93-94.

Discharge: 47, p. 39; 65, p. 136; 82, p. 76; 97, p. 378; 129, p. 94.

Discharge, daily: 82, pp. 72-74; 97, p. 380.

Discharge, monthly: 82, p. 75; 97, p. 381; 129, p. 95.

Gage heights: 65, pp. 134, 135; 97, p. 379; 129, p. 94.

Rating table: 129, p. 95.

Results of gagings of Oswego river at Battle Island, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 623-626.

SENECA RIVER AT BALDWINSVILLE, N. Y.

Seneca river receives the drainage from the central group of lakes lying south of Lake Ontario and unites with Oneida river at Three River Point to form the Oswego. The drainage basin is rolling, but the slopes are not precipitous except in the deep, narrow valleys in which the lakes are situated, and in certain other valleys not at the present time occupied by lakes.

The gaging station was established November 12, 1898. It is located at the State dam in Baldwinsville, 12 miles along the river from the junction of Seneca and Oneida rivers.a

The record at this station includes the discharge over the main dam, which is calculated by the formula for a broad, flat-crested weir when flash-boards are removed; the discharge over the flash-boards is calculated by the Francis formula. Gage readings in the river channel below the dam are utilized to determine the average working head on the turbines. The discharge through the three main canals is determined from records of the run of water-wheels kept in each mill and from the recorded lockage and opening of paddles at the Oswego canal lock at the foot of the canal. Current-meter measurements to determine the leakage of the several mills, have been made during 1905, as in previous years, and allowance for this leakage has been made. The record has also been checked by current-meter measurements made during 1901, 1903, 1904 and 1905 at Belgium.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Description: WS. 36, pp. 183-184; 49, pp. 222-223; 65, pp. 128-129; 82, p. 69; 97, p. 394; 129, P. 96.

Discharge: WS. 47, p. 39; 49, p. 223; 65, p. 129.

Discharge, daily: WS. 36, p. 184; 65, p. 130; 82, p. 69; 97, p. 394; 129, p. 97.

Discharge, monthly: WS. 35, p. 24; 65, p. 131; 82, p. 70; 97, p. 395; 129, p. 98.

Hydrograph: Ann. 21, iv, p. 180.

The results of gagings of Seneca river at Baldwinsville during 1905 will be found on pages 619-622.

CAYUGA LAKE AT ITHACA, N. Y.

A gaging station was established by E. C. Murphy at the head of Cayuga lake August 6, 1905. A staff gage is used, attached to the wall of the breakwater about 150 feet from the light-house. Gage readings are taken once each day during the open season, and once a week during the winter by Fred Thomas.

a The location of this station is shown on the Baldwinsville topographic atlas sheet of the United States Geological Survey.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Cayuga Lake, at Ithaca, N. Y.

DAY.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

DAY.

Aug.

Sept. Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

2.3

1905.

2.1

1.6

0.9

17

2.05

2.2

2.35

2.45

2.35

2.45

2.1

1.55

1.35

2.1

1.4

.95

18

2.4

2.35

2.15

2.15

1.35

.9

19

2.3

2.2

2.4

2.0

1.4

1.35

1.05

1.0

20

21

22

2.2

2.2

2.25

2.28

2.25

2'35 2.35 2.4 ¹

2.0

1.05

2.3

1.85

2.05

1.95

1.1

1.15

2.2

2.45

2.35

2.0

1 .4

10

11

12

2.15

2.27

2.3

1.95 1.85

1.35

1.05

23

2.3

2.25

1.3

.95

24

13

14

15

16

2.32

2.25

2.35

2.45

2.5

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.0

2.15

2.15

2.05

2.05

1.25

1.25

1.3

1.25

1.1

1.1

1.1

1.0

.95

1.05

1.1

1.05

.95

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

2.32

2.35

2.38

2.35

2.25

2.35

2.3

2.2

2.3

2.35

2.4

2.1

1.0

2.25

2.1

2.15

2.1

2.1

1.95

1 .9

.9

1.85

1.85

1.751

1.6

1 .7

1.65

1.55

1.6

.9

.75

.75

.8

N.4

95

.8

.95

1.2

1.35

SKANEATELES LAKE OUTLET AT WILLOW GLEN, N. Y.

Skaneateles lake outlet enters Seneca river above Cross lake, crossing the Erie canal at Jordan. The fall from the foot of the lake to this point is 465 feet.

The surface of the lake has an elevation of 865 feet above tide. The valley on each side of the lake has an average width of 2.5 miles, and in this distance there is a rise of 400 to 800 feet, the greater part of it being within a mile of the lake. The inflow to the lake is through numerous short lateral feeders flowing down these slopes. The drainage areas of the lake are shown below:

Drainage areas of Skaneateles Lake.a

Square miles. ....    60.25

....    12.75

Land surface above State dam at Skaneateles...........................

Water-surface of lake at Skaneateles..................................

73.00

74.25

93.00

Total drainage area above foot of lake (water-surface = 17.46 per cent)

Total area above Willow Glen weir...................................

Area above Erie canal at Jordan.....................................

The station was established March 10, 1895. It is located in the village of Willow Glen, 1.5 miles below the foot of Skaneateles lake.

Observation is made of the daily discharge over a thin-edged weir, having a crest length of 27 feet, with two end contractions. The discharge is calculated from the observed depth on a stake set with its top at crest level, 5.2 feet upstream from the weir, by means of the Francis formula, including corrections for end contractions and velocity of approach.

Since July 1, 1894, the water-supply of the City of Syracuse has been drawn from Skaneateles lake, and the amount of this diversion should be added to the discharge over Willow Glen weir to obtain the total run-off of the drainage basin. The calculated diversion, as determined from the record of gate openings and head at the inlet gates, using the formula for orifices with a constant coefficient stated as 0.62, has been furnished by the City of Syracuse. The observations at the weir and gates were taken by Edward Conron.

A complete description of the gagings which have been made on this stream is contained in the report on stream gagings in Supplement to Report of State

a Areas here given have been taken from proceedings in condemnation of water-powers on Skaneateles outlet. The lake and its tributary area are shown on the Skaneateles, Tully, Cortland and Moravia topographic atlas sheets of the United States Geological Survey.

Engineer and Surveyor of New York for 1902, pages 61-76. Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, p. 67; 97, pp. 395-396; 129, p. 91.

Discharge: 65, p. 121.

Discharge, daily: 65, pp. 118-119, 123-126; 82, p. 67; 97, p. 396; 129, p. 92.

Discharge, monthly: 65, p. 122, 128; 82, p. 68; 97, p. 397; 129, pp. 92-93.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Skaneateles Lake outlet, at Willow Glen, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

12..

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31.

COCOCOCO©©COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOrHC5COXXOOr-HCOI>COCOr-nt>00*OrH^H

O5OiO5O5O5O5O5O5O5O5O5O5O500*OO5<MTfTtlTfU-O5Tt<^Tt<MO5’^©<O<O

COCOcOwCOCOCOCOCOCOcOCOCOCC,'fTt<iOiOiO*0©©t^COCOCOiOiO''TCOCO

O©t>-C0<0<0C0C00ie3<Nr^<MC0©C0C0C0C0 CO© © CO CO CD CO CO CO • • •

O O ^ 05 05 05 05 05 C^KN 03 Tt< 05 05 05 C5 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 • * * ou 00 L- CO CO CO CO CO t> I> 1> u- CO cc CO co co CO CO CO CO CO CO co co co co • • •

<20000000*000000X0 ©oobb dooooooodd do o

WINOOOO'ONOOONOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO

OOGOOOQOCX)QOXCCOOQOQOGC)GiO(X)GOOOOOOOOOOOCOOOGOOOGCOOQOOOQOOOOO

36.1

36.1

36.1

38.3

38.3

38.3

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

38.3

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

36.1

34.0

32.0

32.0

32.0

36.1

34.0

CnCnOiOiCnCnCJtOtCnCnCTtCnOiOiOiOiCnOJCnCJtCnCn^^CnCnCnCnCOCOCO

oocooocoococDcooocoocoootococococo^co^coocotototc

•    05 C5 C5 05 05 05 05 05 <1 00 -vj © 05 00 05 O* Cn Cn Cn 05 Oi Cn 05 05 Cn Cn Or Cn Cn Cn

•    05 05 05 05 t—¹ 05 05 05-^1 O <1 tO O Ol C5 M    I—‘-*4 *<I 05 05    <1 <1 <1 <1 <1

59.7    72.2 ......

97.2

91.2 91 .2 91 .2 91.2 91 .2

91.2

94.2

97.2

91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2

91.2 91.2 91.2 91.2 91 .2 91.2 91.2 91.2

91.2

88.3 88.3 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5 85.5

•    ^ du. 0^. ilx Ox Ltx Ox Ox CO CO CO CO X X

•    OOOOOOOOOOhi-'hmOiOi

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Skaneateles Lake outlet, at Willow Glen, N. Y. [Drainage area, 74.2 square miles.]

Run-off.a

Dischakge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

In outlet.

Through

conduit.

Total.

Second-feet per square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January......

February.....

March........

April.........

May..........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September.. . .

October.......

November. ... December 1-16

80.5

71.1

60.8

35.8

56.2

69.1

61.5 62.8

76.7 92.2

89.5

58.8

18.9

19.2

619.4

19.6

19.1

18.2

19.1

CO <M ^ CO CO CO •

1.34 1.22 1 .08

1.54

1.27

1.24

.747

.833

1.01

1.18

1.09

1.16

1.31

1.26

6 Interpolated.

a Including diversion for water-supply of Syracuse.

ONEIDA RIVER NEAR EUCLID, N. Y.

Oneida lake has a water-surface area of 80 square miles and lies at an elevation of 370 feet above tide. The drainage basin within a radius of 10 miles to the south and west is relatively flat, with numerous marshy tracts. The lake receives, through Chittenango and Oneida creeks, drainage from an extensive area of the central New York plateau and, through Wood and Fish creeks on the east, drainage from a portion of the west slope of the plateau bordering the Adirondack mountains. On the north the drainage area is less extensive and the inflowing streams are small.a

The outflow from the lake through Oneida river joins Seneca river at Three River Point, forming Oswego river. From Brewerton to Three Biver Point the distance, in a straight line, is but 8 miles; following the windings of the stream it is 16 miles.

The gaging station was established August 30, 1902. It is located 7 miles upstream from Three River Point.

Observations of stream stage, which are taken each morning and evening by Arthur McArthur, are made by measuring down to the water-surface from a reference point on the bulkhead coping of the lock at Old Orchard State dam, 0.4 mile above Schroeppel’s bridge. The gage readings have been taken above the dam to avoid backwater from ice or other causes as far as possible. A calibration curve for the cross-section of the stream at Schroeppel’s bridge has been .obtained by current-meter measurements.

Above a certain stage the dam becomes submerged and the discharge is modified. A special rating table deduced from measurements made during the period of submergence was used to calculate the discharge during the high-water period of 1904. Allowance is made for the opening of lock-paddles in winter.

Information in regard to Oneida river is contained in the report on stream gagings in Supplement to Report of State Engineer and Surveyor of New York, 1902, pages 82-84. Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, pp. 381-382; 129, p. 102.

Discharge: 97, p. 382; 129, p. 103.

Discharge, daily: 97, pp. 384-385; 129, p. 103.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 386; 129, p. 104.

Rating table: 97, p. 383.

The results of gagings of Oneida river near Euclid, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 614-617.

CHITTENANGO CREEK AT CHITTENANGO, N. Y.

This station was established May 22, 1901. It is located at the Main street bridge in the village of Chittenango and is one-half mile above the State dam, diverting water for the supply of the summit level of Erie canal.

The stream at this point is confined between parallel walls, affording a channel 50 feet wide, over which the bridge passes in a single span, having a length of 57 feet between abutments. The bridge is built at an angle with the normal to the stream.

Discharge measurements are made from the up-stream side of the Maih street bridge. The initial point for soundings is the face of the right abutment, upstream side.

The gage board, which is observed twice daily by Miss Bessie M. Kellogg, is secured in a vertical position to the right abutment on the up-stream side, and reads decimally from zero to 8 feet. The bench mark is on the up-stream corner of the coping of the right abutment; its elevation is 8.23 feet above gage datum.

The flow of Chittenango creek above Chittenango is regulated by storage in Cazenovia lake and Erieville reservoir.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 65, pp. 114-115; 82, pp. 65-66; 97, pp. 386-387; 129, pp. 104-105, 107.

Discharge: 65, p. 115; 82, p. 66; 97, p. 387; 129, p. 105.

Discharge, daily: 97, pp. 390-392.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 393; 129, p. 106.

Gage heights: 65, p. 116; 82, p. 66; 97, p. 388; 129, p. 105.

Rainfall data: 97, p. 393,

Rating table: 97, pp. 388-389; 129, p. 106.

Water-powers: 65, p. 116.

The results of gagings of Chittenango creek aVChittenango will be found on pages 611-614.

SALMON RIVER BASIN.

SALMON RIVER NEAR PULASKI, N. Y.

Salmon river rises in the southwestern part of Lewis county, N. Y., flows first southward then northwestward, and enters Lake Ontario near Port Ontario. The basin above the gaging station is rolling and very sandy, rock lying near the surface in the upper part of the watershed, where there are also extensive tracts of original forest. The region is subject to heavy falls of snow, which sometimes accumulates in the forest areas to a depth of several feet and the gradual melting of which during March and April feeds the stream.

The gaging station was established September 5, 1900. It is located at Fox bridge, near Pulaski, N. Y.a

The stream bed is of gravel and cobble, relatively flat and shallow. The bridge consists of two spans, 183.5 feet between abutments. There are two small overflow channels and a flood plain.

Current-meter measurements are made at 5-foot intervals across the stream from the down-stream side of the bridge. The initial point for soundings is the face of the abutment at the right end of the bridge on the down-stream side.

The original gage was a vertical board scale attached to the up-stream end of the center pier, having its zero mark 11.59 feet below the bench mark, which was the top of the capstone of the central pier, up-stream end. This gage was carried away by ice in the winter of 1901-2, and was replaced July 23, 1902, by a standard weight-and-chain gage, having its datum at elevation 12.79 feet below the bench mark. The gage readings are taken twice each day by S. J. Fox, and have been continued throughout summer and winter, the winter readings being obtained by observing the height to which the water rises in a hole in the ice. Owing to the obstruction of the river channel by ice, the discharge for the winter period has not been deduced.

A measurement made June 2, 1905, by C. C. Covert showed a discharge of 404 second-feet at gage height 3.03 feet.

a The location of the gaging station is shown on the Pulaski topographic atlas sheet of the United States Geological Survey.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 49, p.-234; 65, p. 105; 82, pp. 64, 65; 97, p. 373; 129, pp. 107-108.

Discharge: 47, p. 39; 49, p. 234; 65, p. 106; 82, p. 64; 97, p. 374; 129, p. 108.

Discharge, daily: 65, pp. 106-107; 82, p. 65; 97, p. 377.

Discharge, monthly: 65, p. 107; 82, p. 65; 97, p. 377; 129, p. 109.

Gage heights: 49, p. 234; 97, p. 375; 129, p. 108.

Rating table: 97, p. 376; 129, p. 109.

Water-powers: 65, p. 106.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Salmon River, near Pulaski. N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug. ' Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

2......

3......

3.94

3.86

3.64

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

25

26

27

_'N

29

30

31

6.49

6.59

6.39

5.54 5.19 5.19

7.14

6.54 5.44

4.74 4.34

4.54 4.99 5.29 5.29 5.36 4.79 4.49 4.16 3.92

3.74

3.74 4.94

5.64 4.96 4.09 4.62 4.62

4.64

4.74 4.79

5.14

4.62

4.22

4.04

4.26

4.39

4.12 4.49

4.39 4.04 3 92 3.69 3.52 3.46 3.34 3.54 3.56 3.52 3.591 3.99 3.94 3.54 3.42 3.29 3.16 3.06

3.12 3.86 3.56 3.32

3.39 3.32

3.16

3.04

3.1

3.18

3.35

3.65

3.7

2.9

3.02

3.02

3.32

3.38

3.5

3.38

3.1

3.3

4.12

3.75

3.42

3.18

3.08

4.55

6.05

4.58

4.6

4.25

3.85

3.62

3.3

3.18

4.3

5.02

4.02

3.58

3.35

3.15

3.02

2.98

2.95

2.92

2.88

3.4

3.15

2.95

2.8

2.S8

3.75

3.38

2.72

4.0

4.32

3.7

::

3.1

3.22

3.05

2.9

2.8

2.9

2.88

2.98

2.9

2.8

3.22

3.0

3.68

3.35

3.05

2.92

2.88

3.15

3.08

3.8

3.5

3.2

2.92

2.98

2.

2! 98

2.9

2.75

2.7

2.7

2.72

3.02

2.82

2.78

2.75

2.62

2.65

2.82

2.75

2.75

2.72

2.85

2.88

2.9

2.82

2.72

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.6

2.65

2.62

2.62

2.55

2.6

2.6

2.7

5.02

4.55

2.6

2.6

2.62

2.78

3.02

2.62

2.

COCOCOCOCOC04^uU4^4^^4*-4^COCOC04^0iOi4^tOtOtOtOtOtOCOCOCOtOtO

totOCO4^Oi00©tO<—¹'•—CnOi^C04i»OOtOi--*OiOiC5Ci<l,fc>4MOOi--i—¹ Cn Oi to 00 Cti 00 Cn 00 Oi    Cn to 00 to tocnoicn Cn CnCnCnCn

3.6

3.7

3.45

3.4

3.38

3.68

5.05

4.55

4.35

4.05

3.85

3.72

4.02

4.25

3.82

3.7

3.55

3.48

3.45

3.25

3.15

3.15

3.2

3.22

3.5

3.72

3.8

3.5

4.42

5.55

3.95

3.9

5.48

5.1

4.28

4.0

3.72

3.55

3.5

3.12

3.32

3.32

3.25

2.98

3.0

3.1

3.15

3.25

3.28

3.5

4.78

4.8

4.2

3.75

3.55

3.9

4.25

4.75

4.3

Note.—River frozen solid to bottom January 1 to night of March 29. Flow sometimes entirely out, of channel on flats, at other times water flowed over ice.

Station Rating Table for Salmon River, near Pulaski, N. Y., from January 1, 1903, to December

31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

I!

Gage

height.

Discharge, j

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

2.40

2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20 3.30

3.40

3.50

4^ CO CO tO tO ^ ootoo^o^oo^H-*™ Ot04^tOC7i00^4^0«.

550

620

697

Feet.

3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50

4.60

Second-feet. 781 865 ; 965 I 1,060 1,170 j 1,300 1,420 1,450 1,680 1,830 1,980 |

Feet.

4.70 4.80 4.90 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.30 5.40 5.50 5.60

5.70

►^COCOCOCOCOtOtOtOtOtO^

roco <i ^ to O oo 05 4^ co

O £

ooooooooooo^.

tOb-OOQO<lC5CnOi^ 4^?^

OOOOOCOOOOO-

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1902-1905. It is well defined between gage heights 2.45 feet and 3.25 feet. Above gage height 3.25 feet the curve is based on three measurements at 6.3 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Salmon River, near Pulaski, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

T8

19

6,492 2,012 3,800 1,446 3,002 1,222 3,002 1,498 9,720 1,667 7,094 1,324

3.55611.815 2,204 1,667 1,502 T,222 1,890 1,082 2,623 3,218 3,218 3,372 2,284

1.815 1 ,372 1,082

857

714

.....

578

731

647

714

773

457

387

422

376

:;ro

504

606

697

606

550

1,324

915

635

468

410

468

585

823

510

351

376

554

338

322

303

265

354

364

848

585

505

m-.5

620

451

338

265

303

915

606

4 J'J

312

312

494

781

451

410

312

227

262

262

781

1,170 1 ,476

451

N05

697

494

59 :

312

303

265

322

354

322

451

364

312

242

218

218

200

200

605

658

620

606

848

2,740 1,905 1,515 1,235 1 ,012

20

905

1,159

1,104

21

22

23

,538

,050

731

635

1,605 5,265 1,950 1,980 1 ,485 1,012

322

965

274

242

1,905 4,000 2,840 1.420

’984

697

242

682

303

265

354

312

480

570,

274

227

504

2 ns

N.S5

1,196 1,485 984

no:.

739

682

24

25

26

27

28

29

•n

2,572

2,124

2,012

2,012

2,044

2,204

2,284

2,912

543

798

242

256

303

5 12

457

5P9

434

1 ,022

747

50.4

613

57(1

468

1,450

2,680

1,196

764

5n5

218

242

188

274

227

218;

200

218

227

218

188

181

218

181

181

200

1,755 1,830 1,830 1,300 1,360 1 ,420 1.274

658

515

451

451

480

494

262

188

’965

697

181

181

188

739

682

885

965

097

31

564

2,680

1,905

INN

174

585

256

376

536

494

1,710

3,825

Mean

2,927

955 1,043

488

411

374

972

1,048;

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Salmon River, near Pulaski, N. Y.

[Drainage area, 264 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

j Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August. . . September October... November December.

9,720 2,012 5,265 2,680 965 i 1 ,476 4,000 3,825 3,652

905

399

570,

181

181

174

200

451

354

2,927

955

1,043

488

411

374

972

1 ,048 1,131

11.09 3.62 3.95 1.85 1 .56 1.42 3.68 3.97 4.28

12.37

4.17

4.41

2.13

1.80

1.58

4.24

4.43

4.93

BLACK RIVER BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Black river rises in the western part of Hamilton county, N. Y., flows south-westward across Herkimer county into Oneida county, turns near Forestport and runs somewhat west of north through Lewis county to eastern Jefferson county, and then flows westward to Black River bay, at the eastern extremity of Lake Ontario. The upper part of the basin is very rugged and mountainous and contains a large number of lakes.

The regimen of the river is controlled by storage on its upper tributaries, including Beaver river at Beaver, a series of reservoirs at the head waters of Moose river, and additional reservoirs at Forestport and on the head waters of the main river.

Water is diverted from Black river through Forestport feeder to supply the Black River canal at Boonville. A portion of this diverted water flows northward from Boonville and enters Black river again at Lyons Falls; the remainder flows southward through the Black River canal and enters the Erie canal at Rome. The amount of this diversion, which takes place during the season of canal navigation, is not recorded.

Measurements made by the New York Barge canal survey in 1900 and by the United States Geological Survey in 1905 showed the following amounts of flow in the Black River canal south of the Forestport feeder:

Discharge Measurements of Black River Canal, at the highway bridge below Lock No. 7, near

Boonville, N. Y.

DATE.

Discharge.

Elevation of water-surface.

August 21... . September 24 November 7.. December 1..

1900.

Feet.

Second-feet.

197

242

254

181

August 17.... August 18.. . , September 7. September 22 November 8..

1905.

488.22 488.32 488.40

488.29

488.30

136

117

I -,s

143

131

BLACK RIVER NEAR FELTS MILLS, N. Y.

This station was established August 29, 1902. It is located at the dam of the Black River Traction Company, near the village of Felts Mills. The dam is 9 miles up-stream from Watertown and 7 miles up-stream from the old Hunting-ton ville gaging station on this stream. The drainage area is estimated at 1,851 square miles, or 37.5 square miles less than at Huntington ville. The intervening area is mainly drained by two small streams, Townsend and Rutland Hollow creeks.

The dam is of squared timber, rests on limestone foundation, and is very nearly water-tight. It has a slope on the up-stream face of 2.88 horizontal to 1 vertical. The crest is protected by boiler plate and the down-stream face is vertical, giving free overfall. The main crest is 380.6 feet long. There are two additional sections on the right-hand side, one 14.1 feet long and the other 17.9 feet. A similarly constructed dam, 117 feet long, at the left bank serves as an auxiliary spillway and as a head-race wall. The head-race is closed by a bulkhead, no water-wheels having been installed.

The gage, which was read twice daily during 1905, at 7 a. m. and 6 p. m,, by William Vineall, is attached vertically to a crib at the junction of the main and auxiliary spillways, 12 feet up-stream from the crest, and correction is made to the gage readings for velocity of approach during high water. The discharge over the spillways has been calculated by means of the weir formula, using coefficients derived from experiments of the United States Geological Survey for a dam of similar cross-section.

Owing to continuous discharge over the dam to a considerable depth during the years 1903 and 1904, it has not been possible to obtain a new profile of the crest. The discharge has been calculated from the known elevations of the ends of the crest, and the results given are subject to revision. Settlement of the crest, if any has taken place, would have the effect of making the discharge at a given gage height greater than that given in the accompanying tables.

During 1905 a wood-pulp mill was erected at one end of this dam, but was not operated. The record will be continued when the mill is in operation by including the recorded discharge through the turbines in the calculation of the flow.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description; 82, pp. 62-63; 97, pp. 363-364; 129, pp. 110-111.

Discharge, daily: 82, p. 63; 129, pp. 111-112.

Discharge, monthly: 82, p. 64; 129, p. 113.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Black River near Felts Mills, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

11

13

14

17,

16

17

18

19

20......

21

23

24

25

27

28

29

31

2.210    2,150 2,210 2,340 2,210 2,470 2,210 2,210 2,150 2,080

1.970    1,920 1,860 1,970 2,340 1,970

2.470    2.340 2,4(0 2,030 2,600 1,920 2,410 1,970 2,280 2,210 1,970 2,340 1,640 1,970 1,750 1,750 1,800 1,520 1,920 1,640 1,970 1,520 1,750 1,370

1.690    1 ,320 2,280 1,370 1,860 .....

1,520 1,520 1,520 1,0^0 1,CL0 1,420 1,320 1,120 1.120

’932

M7

804

1,020

975

1,020

1,120

975

s; I I

(o)

1.520 2,860 3,830 3,830 4,270 4,750 6,660 8,250

9.520

10,200

10.700

14.700

17,600 6,860 17,000 7,700 15,(00 7,300 12,£00 6,500

10.700    5,560 9,750 4,910

10,400 4,560 9,960 4,200

7.920    2,800 6,890 3,270

0000 00 00 O5CDM«'4C0©OC0<J05C04»-4k.CDC0C0C0C0C0C0b0»-‘H-b0b0C0 4^. CD 4*- — 05 CD O CD -Cnki too CO ^ —‘CD >-*bOtO00 00 4^CO'<l00 00bO0r)—*

oocoooJ^.coctjcotocftOO'-tttoOOto'—— oco

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

bo—‘^tOCO^^^COtOtOtObOtOtOtsDtOtOCO—‘4^CDOiCDCDO<l

<TcD 05 05 05 00 CD "to t—‘"cd^D CD Cd"cD M 4»- 05 bO ►—© CO M —* 00 4^ CD —* M M CO 05 CO-^lkfck4*.CO©bO—'COCOC©cnUi.COCO-T©—'‘(•■"COOi.COCO-^COO)*— bO bO © ©

ooooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo

3,970

3,760

3,470

3,0.0

2,540

2,030

2,030

1,660

2,280

2,930

6,010

5,320

4,510

3.470

2.470 2,210 1,660 1,660 1,370

9 75

633

419

4*7

351

419

633

1.470 1,220 1,220

4.200 4,350 7,060

9.750 4,510 3,600

3.470

3.340 2,540 2,540

2.340 1,640

1.750 1,370 1,640 2,800 3,270 2.730 3,970 3,660

3.200 2,540

2,080

1,750

1,750

1,580

1,370

1,320

1,520

1,420

1.970 1,860 1,640 1,520 1,320 1,520 1,320 1,320 1,320 2,210 2,600 3,130

3.970 3,270 2,600 2,340 3,540 5,070 4,120 3,830 3,400 3,000 1,750 2,080 2,340 2,730 2,340 1,860

1,750

1,580

1,860

1,860

3',270 5.0,0 5,0.0 5,0.0 4,910 4,430 3,620 3,540 3,620

3.540 3,130 3,000 3,000 2,600 2,410

2.340 3,830

3.660 3,200 2,860

2.660

2.540 2,660

3.340 4,910

CDCDCOC04^4^bOCOCObOtO—‘CObObOCOCOCOCOC04^4^4^4^4^COCOC04^4»-

CD4k,4xCDH-*CDCO—‘b04^O00 00 05CD4^b04^i-‘4».4».4kO5-<iCD4k.00b000CDb0 05 O O wU bo I—¹ OX CO M 00 05 05 CD 4*. > O C'*¹ O O CO -O Cn CO CO CO CO <r* O

oooooooooooooooooooooooooooooo©

a Record doubtful.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Black River, near Felts Mills, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,851 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January (30 days).....

February............

March...............

April................

May....................

June................

July...................

August (26 days)......

September...........

October..............

November (29 days)... December............

3,970

2,730

17,000

18,200

7,700

10,500

7,600

6,0.0

9,750

5,070

5,0,0

5,560

1,640 1,320

804

5,400

316

1,860 1.640

’351

1,220 1,320 1,580 1,860

2,279

2,034

3,816

10,710

3,161

5,583

3,3.73

2,324

2,969

2,395

3,288

3,607

1.23

1.09

2.06

5.79

1.71

3.01

1.82

1.26

1.60

1.29

1.78

1.95

1.42

1.14

2.35 6.46 1 ,97

3.36 2.10 1.22 1.79 1.49 1.92

2.25

MOOSE RIVER AT MOOSE RIVER, N. Y.

Moose river is tributary to Black river at Lyons Falls, N. Y. Its drainage basin lies chiefly in Herkimer and Hamilton counties and comprises a wild, rugged, and uninhabited region, largely forest-covered, but containing also extensive tracts of cut and burned-over lands. The flow of the stream is more or less regulated by lumbermen’s dams, the storage of which is utilized for floating logs.

The gaging station was established June 5, 1900. It is located at Moose River village.

The stream is smooth above the gaging station to the foot of McKeever dam, 2 miles up-stream, but a short distance above the gage it is divided by an island which creates an ice jam during freshets. A short distance below the station a fall occurs. The bed of the stream is of cobble with occasional boulders, the current is smooth, and the depth is fairly uniform. The stream freezes over in winter, alternate layers of ice and snow or slush often forming in such a manner as to prevent discharge measurements being made.    •

A cableway, having a clear span of 269 feet, was erected in June, 1903, from which current-meter measurements have since been made. The initial point for soundings is the left support of the cable.

The gage, which is read twice daily by Chris Hannan, consists of a graduated board scale, attached to posts on the left bank of the stream, and comprises a high-water and a low-water section. During the ice season the gage is read once each week. The gage was carried out by an ice freshet in February, 1903, and was replaced at a slightly different elevation. The bench mark is on the top of a boulder on the left bank, 300 feet up-stream from the cableway. Its elevation above the gage zero, prior to February 28, 1903, was 15.36 feet; after February 28, 1903, 15.53 feet.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 49, pp. 234-235; 82, p. 60; 97, p. 371; 129, p. 114. Discharge: 97, p. 371; 129, p. 115.

Gage heights: 49, p. 235; 65, p. 99; 82, p. 61; 97, p. 372; 129, p. 115.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Moose River, at Moose River, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

totototototototototototototototototototototototototototototoco

C74^COtOtOCOCOCOCO4^O4O5Q0© 04 04    Oi Oi    OiOi Oi

totototototototototototototototototototoi-^tototototobo

4^COtOtO>--0<0<00©©0^-‘i-1 04 04    Oi to to    04 04

2.3

5.9

CO to to to CO to

04    04    04

co^ ^co^cococo

Ot 04 04    04    04

toco

8—¹ M I—* tO CO to to to 04

coco

coco

04

2.4

5.1

2.35

2.4

4.7

2.3

4.55

6.05

2.22

2.22

2.22

2.22

2.3

2.22

2.22

2.22

2.35

3.0

2.8

2.35

2.35

2.45

2.55

2.75

3.0

3.15

3.0

3.15

3.25

3.45

3.6

8.9

4.5

6.6

6.2

5.25

4.6

4.35

4.55

5.0

4.7

4.9

5.05

4.8

4.35

4.05

3.7

3.4

3.27

3.9

7.1

5.2

4.4

4.25

4.4

4.2

4.5

5.3

^tototototototototocococococococococo^^cococo^x

15

55

2.7

2.2

2. I

3.45

4.05

3.35

2.85

65

25

95

85

75

45

15

55

75

45

55

65

35

1.67

2.5

2.7

2.85

2.95

3.3

2.07

5.0

2.2

2.1

2.3

4.25

3.85

3.45

2.1

1.8

2.75

3.45

3.05

3.15

3.3

3.85

3.65

3.15

2.5

4.5

6.6

4.85

4.8

4.95

4.65

4.2

3.8

3.35

4.9

5.85

4.95

4.25

3.9

3.3

2.95

2.75

2.2

2.05

1.95

2.2

2.65

3.0

2.55

2.65

3.35

4.1

3.25

2.8

2.35

2.0

2.05

1.95

1.9

1.82

2.25

3.7

1.75

2.45

2.5

2.3

1.95

1.75

2.05

2.2

2.1

2.0

3.2

3.1

2.6

2.4

2.25

2.05

1.95

1.75

1.5

1.25

1.17

1.25

1.5

1.5

1.6

2.8

tOtOtOCOCO^^COCOtO^i-^tOtOtOtOCOCOCO^^OSO^tOtO

tO tO to to *0*0 to to to to to to to to to to (M • b- CO CO CO CO rH 00    to CO CO 051> CO O CO 00 O to O to <M h 05    ©

2.9

2.45

2.8

3.35

3.3

3.15

3.4

2.3

2.65

2.55

2.35

2.25

2.35

2.4

2.4

2.55

2.8

2.8

2.35

3.4

1.9

3.55

3.25

2.0

1.95

2.8

1.8

2.65

2.65

2.45

2.05

1.72

1.75

1.85

1.95

2.0

2.05

1.9

1.75

1.95

2.25

3.05

2.2

2.15

2^0

2.0

1.95

2 'o

2.1

L9

1.82

2.1

2.1

2.45

2.1

2.05

1.9

2.2

2.65

3.1

Note.—River frozen January 1 to March 31; readings are to the surface of the water in a hole cut in the ice. January 20-28, ice at gage 14 inches thick. January 31, 2 inches of water on ice, also deep snow; stream frozen over throughout; no anchor ice; ice at gage 14 inches thick. February 4, conditions as above, but ice thickness 19 inches at gage and elsewhere. February 11, same; stream not frozen at rapids under bridge. February 18, same as preceding; ice thickness 19 to 20 inches; 2 feet of snow on ice. February 25, same as preceding; ice thickness 16 inches. March 4 and 11, same as preceding. March 18, layer of snow arid water on ice has frozen; total ice thickness 2 feet. March 30, river breaking up. No ice during December.

Station Rating Table for Moose River, at Moose River, N. Y., from June 5, 1900, to December

31, 1903.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

I Gage I height.

Discharge.

Gage

heigiit.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

0.20

Second-feet.

127

.30

140

.40

.50

154

170

.60

187

7()

205

.60

22.".

.10

1.00

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

242

262

282

304

328

354

Feet.

1.50 1.60

1.70 1.80 1.10 2.00 2.10 2.20 2.30 2.40

2.50 2.60

2.70

Second-feet.

382

412

444

477

511

547

585

626

669

715

763

812

862

Feet.

2.60

2.10

3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50

3.60

3.70

3.80

3.10

4.00

Second-feet.

914

'.MiS

1,023 1,00 1,139 1 ,200 1,264 1,330 1,399 1,470 1,545 1,622 1,700

Feet.

4.10

4.20

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.10

5.00

•OOOOOOOOOO

JNOOOiOrH^WTjOON

........

c

to to to to to to to

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on 12 discharge measurements made during 1903-4. It is well defined between gage heights 1 foot and 5 feet. Measurements above about 6 feet gage height are impossible at this station owing to the flashy character of the stream and the quantities of runninsf ice or logs during high stages. Hence estimates above gage height 6 feet should be used with caution.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Moose River, at Moose River, N. Y. [Drainage area, 346 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1900.

June 5-30.

July......

August.. . September October... November

547

140

272

0.786

0.760

1,051

547

397

547

2,110

133

162

251

154

162

241

.702

.725

.624

.809

.836

.696

232

805

.697

.804

2.33

2.60

1901.

April 11-30...........

May.................

June................

July.................

August..............

September...........

October..............

November............

December (26 days).. .

5,880

2,260

3,910

1,330

1,277

773

374

■jr.r,

2,623

1,229

1,437

787

218

454

5.64

4.09

4.63

1.46

1.51

*12

914

1,023

2,645

346

492

620

1.58

2.06

309

417

910

1.35

2.54

1902. March 21-31..

April......

May.........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September

October......

November.... December 1-5.

4,855

2,700

2,760

1,051

2,370

1,200

1,200

847

266

227

2,072 1 ,597 912

751

634

4*6

99

62

17

83

40

2.45

5.16

3.04

2.42

2.11

1.61

397

191

.996

1,780

1,080

266

491

1.42

1.70

1.64

1.S0

763

477

611

1.77

.329

1903.

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November

5.005

’511

511

262

1,648

324

4.76

.936

1,622

1,169

1,915

6,280

495

1.43

223

252

178

382

507

593

358

1,340

::**

1.47

1.71

1.03

3.87

1.12

HCOOON1O01O CO o CO 1> 05 rH T* <N

lO rH tH »—1 HT}lH

1904.

April 9-30.

May.......

June......

July.......

August September October... November;

4,705

5,400

3,180

888

847

773

227

2,328

1,996

445

1,915

4,050

2,535

1,023

246

246

634

467

887

1,266

686

6.47 5.77 I

2.48 1.29 1.39 2.56 3.66 1.98

5.29

6.65

2.77

1.49

1.60

2.86

4.22

2.21

1905.

April.....

May......

June.....

July......

August... September October... November December.

5,640

1,915

4,855

2,700

1,232

4,930

1,622

1,232

1,232

1,181

434

574

4*4

297

418

460

4E0

4*4

2,496 1,117 1,651 1,062 618 1 ,298

786

740

8.04

3.72

5.22

3.54

2.06

4.18

2.62

2.39

2.43

Note.—Ice conditions January 1 to April 5, 1901. Ice jam took the gage out April 5, 1901. No ice in December, 1901. Gage washed out by high water December 15, 1901. River frozen: January 1 to March 17, December 6-31, 1902; January 1 to March 12, December 1-31, 1903. January 1 to April 8, December 1-31, 1904; January 1 to March 31, 1905.

Miscellaneous. Measurements.

Miscellaneous Discharge Measurements made in Lake Ontario Drainage Basin by C. C. Covert.

DATE.

Stream.

Locality.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. June 3..

Aug. 28

Feet.

Onondaga lake outlet.

Long Branch, N. Y.

82

Square feet. 452

Ft. per second. 0.86

Feet.

1.32

Second-feet.

387

do

do

82

516

.78

2.22

402

ST. LAWRENCE RIVER DRAINAGE.

General Features.

St. Lawrence river receives the flow of a number of New York streams having their sources in a northerly slope of the Adirondacks and fed by the innumerable lakes with which the region is dotted. Some of these rivers, as the Grass, Ra-quette and St. Regis, lie entirely within the United States; others, notably Salmon, Trout, Chateaugay and English rivers, cross the international boundary and flow northward into the St. Lawrence in Canada, as does also Richelieu river, the outlet of Lake Champlain. The following table gives a list of the principal tributaries of the St. Lawrence in the United States, with the areas drained by them:

Drainage areas of St. Lawrence River tributaries in the United States.

Oswegatchie river

Grass river.......

Raquette river......

St. Regis river......

Little Salmon rivera

Square miles. |

1,609 I Salmon rivera

637 I Trout riverb......

1,219 I Chateaugay riverb 910 English ri verb... . 103 | Lake Champlainb.

Square miles-......    273

129

53

8,187

The St. Lawrence drains, through Lake Champlain, an area of 4,560 square miles in the State of Vermont. This drainage is practically all from Missisquoi, Lamoille, and Winooski rivers and Otter creek.

CHATEAUGAY RIVER BASIN.

Chateaugay river rises in northern New York, flows northeastward, and unites with the St. Lawrence about 20 miles north of the international boundary. The river has an extensive surface in Upper and Lower Chateaugay lakes, lying on the north slope of the Adirondacks.

A measurement of the ordinary spring discharge of the stream was made by the engineers of the United States Deep Waterways Board at Ormstown, April 19, 1899. The discharge was 2,720 second-feet, or 13.6 second-feet per square mile of drainage area.

ENGLISH RIVER BASIN.

English river rises near the international boundary in the Dominion of Canada, flows southeastward into New York, and then recrosses into Canada, draining an area above the crossing of the boundary line of 53 square miles.

A measurement of the spring flow of this stream was made near the New York-Canada line on April 26, 1899, by the engineers of the United States Deep Waterways Board, at which time the discharge was 392 second-feet.

aAbove junction near international boundary. bAbove New York State line.

A current-meter measurement of this river was made September 1, 1905, by R. E. Horton and E. F. Weeks, at the second highway bridge south of the international boundary, 2 miles from the point where the stream crosses into Canada. The discharge was 13 second-feet; the water-surface was 13.10 feet below the top of the bearing plate at the right-hand end of the bridge, down-stream.

OSWEGATCHIE RIVER BASIN.

OSWEGATCHIE RIVER NEAR OGDENSBURG, N. Y.

Oswegatchie river has its source in the region of lakes and timbered swamps in the southern part of St. Lawrence county, N. Y. The largest of the lakes is Cranberry lake, which affords valuable storage to water-power users on its outlet, East branch of Oswegatchie river. East and west branches flow in a general northwesterly direction and unite near Talcville. From Gouverneur to Oxbow the river flows southwestward; it then turns sharply and flows northeastward to Rensselaer Falls, turns again to the northwest, receives the outlet of Black lake at Galilee, and finally enters the St. Lawrence at Ogdensburg.

The gaging station was established May 16, 1903. It is located at Eel weir bridge, just below the junction of Oswegatchie river and Black lake outlet.

The channel is in rock and is partly artificial, rock underneath the bridge having been removed by blasting to increase the bridge opening. The bridge consists of two spans, the right being 129.6 feet long and the left 130.1 feet.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge. The initial point for soundings is the top of the face of the right abutment, downstream side.

A standard chain gage, which is observed twice daily by Joseph H. La Rue, is attached to the ironwork of the bridge on the up-stream side of the right-hand span. The bench mark is a square chisel draft on the up-stream side of the right-hand abutment; elevation, 16.72 feet above gage datum.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 360; 129, pp. 118-119.

Discharge: 97, p. 361; 129, p. 119.

Drainage areas: 97, p. 361.

Gage heights: 97, p. 362; 129, p. 120.

Discharge Measurements of Oswegatchie River, near Ogdensburg, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1C05. March 26. March 26. April 14.. April 16. . April 17..

Horton and Mott. . Horton and'Mott. .

C. C. Covert.......

C C. Covert.......

C. C. Covert.......

Feet.

269

269

267

267

267

Square feet. Ft. per second. , 1,200 1,226 1,000

7.70

7.35

7.23

Feet.

975

925

7.10

6.09

C5<1M00Q0

.02

.15

.24

.12

92

Second-feei.

9.237 9,014

7.238 6,926 6,187

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar.

April.

May. June. July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Oswegatchie River, near Ogdensburg, N. Y.

1905.

10

11

12......

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

-'ll

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

29......

30

31......

*o 10*0

©C0rHt>C0tN-tN-f>-

*o*ocococo*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*oio*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*OTt|,^Tt<^’^

*o

CD CD CD CD CD CD CO CD CD CD CD CD *0 *0 *0 *0 *0 *0 •

*o *o *o    *o *o

*OCONCOCO!NC1h0 000 00 000005 00NNN

10*0    10*0*0 *o

io*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*o*oi^^cDxo5*o<MC5oocot^o^

Tfr^'^Ttlr^Tt,T^Tf^^T^TfTflTt<T^',^Tf^T}4LO*0*0*OCDt^t>OOC50500

*o *o

'A A

10.1

10.05

5.7

5.7

Ox

9.8

9.55

5.6

9.2

9. 1

8.7

8.35

8.2

8.

7.8

7.5

7.4

7.2

7.2

7.05

6.9

6.7

I '. 7

6.3

5.95

5.85

5.95

5.9

5.85

5.75

5.75

6.25

5.95

5.95

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.9

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

5.

[MQOOOCOOOCOCOCOCOCOOO O* Cn___Ox

5.7 ¹

5.7

5.7

5.6

*0*0

CD *0 i—«<N CO CO TtH

I0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0coc0©©©©c0©©©c0©©©c0c0©©c0c0©

h^WCOOOCnOCCOOOCO^^ in Cr*    Ox____CnCnCn

*0    IC»C

*0 l> CO ^ <N

5.5

*0 *0 >0*0 *0 ''t CO CO CO

C0c0©c0©c0©c0c0c0*0*0v3*0*0»0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0

5.6

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.65

5.55

5.4

5.3

OMOO

CO >—11—‘ h-* to i—⁴ to Cn Ox • 0*0*

5.35

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.25

5.1

5.15

5.35

5.6

5.9

6.05

6.1

6.0

5.75

5.7

5.65

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.3

10*0*0*0 I—I © I—I d

iO*0*0*0*0»0*0*0*0*0*0»0*0*0*0*0*0»0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0*0’^TfTtiTti

4.8

4.8

4.8

4.8

5.45

5.4

5.3

5.9

5.95

Ox 4^.

CDCDCDCD*—‘COCOi—‘t—‘i—‘i—■‘tOOOCOCOhf^.^CnOCiOlCn Ox    Ox Ox    Ox

4.8

5.25

4.85

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.9

4.8

5.0

5.0

5.2

5.5

5.5

5.4

5.4

5.9

5.7

5.35

5.45

5.6

5.6

5.6

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.2

5.4

5.45

5.7

5.75

5.9

5.8

5.9

i,

5.4

*q©cocococo4^cocococo> Cn Ox    O*

5.9

5.9

7, 9

5.75

5.7

5.7

5.7

5.65

5.45

5.4

5.4

5.4

5.35

5.1

5.4

5.55 5.85 6.15

6.3

6.4

6.4

6.45

6.8

7.1

Note.—No ice at this station on account of swiftness.

RAQUETTE RIVER BASIN.

RAQUETTE RIVER AT MASSENA SPRINGS, N. Y.

Raquette river drains a long, narrow basin extending from northern Hamilton county to St. Lawrence river. Its sources are on an elevated plateau, dotted with mountains interspersed with lakes. The region is timbered, but numerous marsh and swamp areas exist, many of which are on the divide and feed streams flowing in opposite directions. The lakes of the head waters afford ample opportunities for storage development.

Observations at the dam of the Hannawa Falls Power Company were taken from September, 1902, to March 31, 1903. The discharge has not been computed.

A gaging station was established at the highway bridge at Massena Springs, September 21, 1903. Observations were continued until October 17, 1903, when the station was temporarily abandoned. It was resumed April 9, 1904.

The channel is straight for 300 feet above and 1,000 feet below the bridge, which consists of a single span of 167.5 feet. The banks are not subject to overflow. The current is swift and uniform.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the Massena Springs highway bridge. The initial point for soundings is the top of the right bridge abutment on the up-stream side of the bridge.

The gage, which was read during 1905 by G. L. Beeffum, consists of a vertical scale attached to the right abutment on the up-stream side of the bridge. The bench mark is a cross painted on the outside down-stream corner of the foundatio n adjacent to the sulphur springs; elevation above gage datum, 12.21 feet. The Sunday flow of this stream, like many others in this State, is often held back during the low-water season while ponds at mills above are being refilled. Where there is extensive pondage of this character the resultant effect may be shown in the stream for several days.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 359; 129, pp. 120-121.

Discharge: 129, p. 121.

Gage heights: 129, p. 122.

Discharge Measurements of Raquette River, at Massena Springs, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 28a.... Horton and Mott. .

March 29a.... D. L. Mott........

March 30a.... D. L. Mott........

March 316.... D. L. Mott........

D. L. Mott........

D. L. Mott........

D. L. Mott........

C. C. Covert.......

C. C. Covert.......

Horton and Murphy

March 31 April 16. April 2.. April 15. April 18. July 26..

Feet. Square feet. Ft. Tper second. 1,709 1,537 1,744 2,138 2,138 1,709 1,253 1.128

174

173

172

172

172

172

172

174

172

171

’999

723

3.14

3.07

3.57

3.20

3.21 3.63 3.80 3.95

4.22 3.20

Feet.

10.31

8.77

9.73 10.90 10.90

8.53

5.74 5.45 4.84 3.15

3

t04^^^05050505^0x?-

CObO^<lNOOOOOtO<lCO$ ►—¹    Ox C5 O Ox CO tO ►— 05

©OxtOCOr-OOMOirfi.©*

aMeasured through ice 2.5 feet thick.

6Ice gone at bridge, but backwater continued.

Daily Qage Height, in Feet, of Raquette River, at Massena Springs, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

2.8

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.3

10

2.3

11

2.3

12

2.1

13

2.1

2.1

17.

2.1

4.95

5.15

4.95

4.95

5.15

5.2

5.4

5.6

5.85

5.95

5.8

5.0

5.6

10

2.1

1.8

i95

5.8

17

2.1

18

2.1

I"

2.1

20

2.0

21

1.9

22

E9

1.9

24

1.9

25

1.9

26

1.9

27

1.9

2X

H9

29

30

1.9

1.8 1.1 1.8 1.2

1.8    1.75 1.85 8.25

1.9    10.4 1.8 11 65 1.8 10.05 .... 9.05 . .. . 10 05

5.4

5.3

5.95

e'o

4.75

4.6

4.45

4.5

4.7

4.75

4.55

4.5

4.5

4.45

4.4

4.3

5.9

5.9

5.7

5.3

4.9

4.85

4.8

4.75

4.7

4'75

4.85

4.7

OOOOOOOS-xIMOOxOx^^^OxOi^^COO^^COCOCOCOCO^^^

.45    7.3

10.

.15 9.65 .85 8.7 .75 7.8

.6

O.X

.45    6.45

.05    5.95

.0

5.6

.2 5.35 .5 3.95 .55 3.85

.4

4.

.35    4.4

.7

4.4

.35    3.9

.15    3.65

. 75

3.4

CO CD (

3.05

'I

CO CO C<3 CO C<5 CO M »0 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO."t ■*#< •'T CO P3 05 C<5 CO CO C<3 CO CO CO CO Ci

t0C5Wfc3O£JWrfktfn^0tClt0O>-‘W0>M0j

I*

OiOiC7iOi05*vjOOCOObOCOt-*OOOOCOCOOOOOcOOCOCO<l^^4^4^ Ox Ox Ox Cl_Ox Ox_Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox

toto^tococotocococococototocowcoGocotototototocowoowcococo

cOcOcOcO--l»-‘COW<lO>-‘ — cD00OC0t04^H-‘05*xj^q<i00C0Oi^OOOC0 Or Or Or Ox Ox ~ Ox._Or Or Ox Ox Ox Or

tototocoH-totototocototococotobococo>—cocococococotocotototo

W^^OM^Cji^hOOO^OOcOOOOOcOWMWhmw^OCO Ox Ox Or OrOr Ox Ox OxOx    Ox OrOrOr Or

05 00

£».^42M^OiOxOx^OxOx4^0505>^4^Ox^rfxC0G5Ox4^OxOxOxOiO5^>-i05C0

O^^OO-*OxOxCOh-Orf^QOOOt-iO^—c0MC0©©^t04^00©OC0<J^t0 S/x Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox    Ox    Ox Ox Ox Ox    Ox Ox

Station Rating Table for Raquette River, at Massena, N. Y., from April 9, 1904, to December

31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

0.00

0.10

0.20

0.30

0.40

0.50

0.60

0.70

0.80

0.90

Second-feet.

190

226

265

310

400

445

495

545

595

1.00

650

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.50

1.60

705

760

M'l I

SMI

940

1.70

1,005

1,070

Feet.

1.80

1.90 2.00 2.10 2.20

2.30

2.40

2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80

2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50

Second-feet.

1,140

1,210

1,285

1,360

1,435

1,515

1,595

1,680

1,770

1,860

1,950

2,040

2,130

2,220

2,310

2,400

2,490

2,580

Feet.

3.60

3.70

3.80

3.90 4.00

4.10

4.20

4.30 4.40 4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90 5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

Second-feet.

2,675

2,770

2,865

2,960

3,055

3,150

3,245

3,340

3,435

3,530

3,625

3,720

3,820

3,920

4,020

4,120

4,220

4,320

Feet.

5.40

5.50 5.60 5.70 5.80

5.50

6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80

8.00

Second-feet.

4.420 4,520

4.620 4,720

4.820 4,920 5,020

5.220

5.420

5.620

5.820

6,020

6.220

6.420

6.620

6.820 7,020

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1904--5. It is well defined between gage heights 0.1 foot and 1.9 feet; also between 5 feet and 6 feet. .

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Raquette River, at Massena Springs, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,169 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1904.

April 9-30.....

May..........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September.. ..

October.......

November.....

December l-9o

tOCOCOtOH^tOrf^CTiCn

CO 00

g$2£2S£oK

,-h CO OS <N CO CO OS-H rH

H-‘bOfcOH-i

CD *-* Qi O C7 CO Q to >4 G5tOOOt--OMCOCnCO

3.80

3.64

2.30

3.11

4.20

2.57

.837

.965

.518

.865

2.21

1.82

1.68

.597

.965

2.55

2.03

.562

1905.

April 2-30

May......

June.....

July......

August.. • September October... November December.

5.570 5,020 6,370

9.570 3,625 3,340 2,770 2,445 5,070 j

3,340

3,625

2,175

2,130

2,130

2,410

1,248

1,105

1,105

4,257 4,349 ‘ 4,219 i 3,929 2,542 2,869 ! 2,167 1,943 | 3,688 |

3.64

3.72

3.61

3.36

2.17

2.45

1.85

1.66

3.15

3.93

4.29

4.03

3.87

2.50

2.73

2.13

1.85

3.63

a River frozen December 10-31, 1604.

LAKE CHAMPLAIN DRAINAGE BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Lake Champlain occupies a long and narrow valley, extending in a north-south direction and forming a part of the boundary between New York and Vermont. The elevation of the lake is about 95 feet above tide and the water-surface area is 436 square miles.

The drainage basin is irregular in form, being about 75 miles wide from a point opposite Middlebury, Vt., northward to the outlet of the lake at Rouses Point, on the international boundary. South of Middlebury the average width of the basin is about 35 miles and the lake itself is very narrow, forming virtually a drowned river.

The tributary region is rugged and mountainous, mostly covered with forest and with little depth of soil except in the stream valleys. The drainage is received almost entirely through large tributaries, there being little direct coast drainage into the lake. The outlet of the lake is Richelieu river, which flows northward from Rouses Point to St. Lawrence river.

In estimating the run-off from this basin in previous years the drainage area has been taken as 7,500 square miles. Maps have recently become available from which the area of the lake and its tributary drainage basin have been accurately determined, as shown in the following table:

Drainage areas tributary to Lake Champlain.

LOCALITY.

Area.

Total area.

Pike river and adjacent area in Canada.............

Missisquoi river in Canada.........................

Land area in Canada above outlet.........

Missisquoi river in Vermont.......................

(Total Missisquoi river, 860 square miles.)

Lamoille river...................................

Winooski river..................................

Otter creek.....................................

Eastern coast drainage...........................

Mettawee, Poultney and Castleton rivers in Vermont

Square miles. O242.0 6245.0

Square miles.

6615.0

6725.0 6995.0 6935.0 6534.4 c376.0

a487.0

(Castleton river, 101 square miles.)

Land area in Vermont, except islands.

(Poultney river, including Castleton river, c265.8 square miles.)

Wood creek.............................................

(Mettawee river, including Wood creek, e427.8 square miles.)

Mettawee and Poultney rivers in New York..................

Lake George outlet.......................................

Bouquet river............................................

Ausable river.............................................

Little Ausable river.........................,..........

Saranac river.............................................

Little Chazy river.........................................

Big Chazy river..........................................

Western coast drainage....................................

Land area in New York, except islands................

4,180.4

c205.0

cl 12.6 220.1 c268.9 <2521.3 <275.1 <2629.6 c63.8 <2299.4 <2344.6

Islands

e55.2

2,740.4 55.2

Total land area above outlet..........

Water-surface in Canada..................

Water-surface in United States..............

Total water-surface..................

Total drainage above outlet...........

Richelieu river. Rouses Point to Chambly....

Total drainage area above Chambly.... Richelieu river, Chambly to mouth...........

(Total Richelieu river, 936.3 square miles.) Total drainage area above mouth......

al6.5 6419.1

a310.0

a626.3

7,463.0

435.6

7,898.6 310 0

8,208.6

626.3

8,834.9

a From maps of Canadian Geological Survey. Scale: 4 miles =1 inch.

6 From United States post-route maps. Scale: 12.5 miles = l inch, c From topographic maps of United States Geological Survey. Scale: 1 mile = l inch. <2 From Bien’s Atlas of New York. Scale: 2.5 miles = 1 inch. e From charts of United States Coast and Geodetic Survey. Scale: 1:40,000.

The land drainage area above Rouses Point is 7,463 square miles. Hence the run-off as heretofore computed represents substantially the outflow expressed as depth in inches on the land surface. As the precipitation on the lake probably exceeds the evaporation, the water-surface of the lake, 436 square miles, should be added to the land area and the run-off computed for the whole drainage basin, 7,899 square miles.

The daily discharge of the lake has been determined from observations of the depth and discharge over the Chambly dam, 35 miles below the head of Richelieu river, made in 1898 by the United States Board on Deep Waterways. A rating table has been derived from the observations at the Chambly dam and the gage readings taken at Rouses Point. The area tributary to the river between Rouses Point and Chambly is 310 square miles, making the total drainage basin above Chambly, 8,209 square miles.

Arrangements have been made with the Montreal Light, Heat and Power Company to obtain additional observations to corroborate the rating table.

RICHELIEU RIVER AT FORT MONTGOMERY, N. Y.

A record of the height of Lake Champlain at Rouses Point, at the head of Richelieu river, the outlet of the lake, has been kept by the United States Corps of Engineers, beginning in 1875. Through the courtesy of Capt. Harry Taylor, the gage readings taken by William McComb, the fort keeper, at 9 a. m. each day, are reported weekly to the United States Geological Survey.

The depth of the water is taken on a reference mark on the base of the scarp wall, at the north face of bastian B, about 3 feet from the angle with the east curtain of Fort Montgomery. This reference point is 1.50 feet above an assumed zero, and 1.50 is added to the measured depth to determine the gage reading. In winter the depth as the water rises in a hole in the ice is commonly taken. On windy days the depth is taken in a well within the fort inclosure, by measuring the depth on a flagstone in the bottom of the well.

Feet

above tide. 94.998 93 .f 01 102.611 93.361

Elevations at Fort Montgomery, N. Y.

Elevation of reference point on scarp wall of Fort Montgomerya

Elevation of gage zero..........................................

Assumed high water, Lake Champlain........................

Assumed low water, Lake Champlain........................

The range of rise and fall of the lake is thus seen to be 9.25 feet, representing an available storage volume of 6.24 feet on the entire catchment area. A variation in level of 1 foot per month is equivalent to a continuous storage or draft at the rate of 4,685 second-feet.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, p. 77; 97, p. 340; 129, p. 125.

Discharge, daily: 82, p. 78; 97, p. 342; 129, pp. 126-127.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 343; 129, p. 127.

Gage heights: 129, p. 126.

a United States Deep Waterways Report, pt. 1, p. 429.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April. ] May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1605.

1.3

1.28

1.25

4......

1.2

1.25

1.25

1.35

1.35

1.32

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.25

1.28

1.15

1.15

1.2

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.2

.9 ! 4.5

4.6

.03 4.5

.1

CO CO IN CM

1 .3

1.15

1.4

1.33

1.2

in

1.3

1.3

1.2

11

12

1.35

1.45

1.28

1.3

13

1.4

14

1.43

15

1.48

1.25

1.25

1.28

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.15

1.1

.05 4.7 .151 4.35 ,25| 4.3 .3    4.35

.35 4.3 .5 i 4.2 .2    4.25

.3 , 4.15 .451 4.0

4.0 .3    4.05

.3

16

1 .4

1.3

1.15

.28

4.0

• 17

1.4

1.3

1.2

. 25

4.1

is

1.35

1.25

1.25

19

1.4

1.3

1 .3

.2

.3

4^05

3 !)

20

21

22

1.45 1.3 1.28 1.25

1.35

.15

3.8

1.4

1 .4

1.5

.0

3.8

23

1.7

05

3.7

1.38

1.2

24

1.35

1.2

1.85

2.05

25

1.3

1.25

2.2

.15

3.65

3.75

3.75

26

1.3

1.2

27

1.4

1.23

2.55

2.85

.95

3.7

3.5

•JS

1.35

1.28

:: 2

29 ......

30 ......

31 ......

1.3

1.33

1.3

3.55

.85

.2

3.

4.45

.4

3.45

3.5

3.45

3.35

HOHOOrtOOOOHOHOHNnSrtNCOINHIN

CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO (N CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO to •

: “1°,

WWbOOJCOWCOWWCOWWCOCiWWWCOWWWWWOJto^^WOCWCO

b0l-‘t0i-‘OOt0^>£.h&-C0l£>.rf‘.||*.|&.i&.rf>.<!CW'J-sl0050®O>-‘00CJ!&.C0 -gCnOr OiOiCrc OOOiQO tn_Cn_Oi Oi Oi Oi

tObObObObOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO

MOOOOOOCOCOOOH-H^tOCO Ox Ox OxOx

toCOrfi.O*0*OtCn<l<!OOMQOOiC* Ox OxOx OxOx Or Ox Ox

CO ^ 4^ 00

Ox Ox

COCnCOOiOiCnC50i^H-*COtOi-‘tOOi-*tOCOOOOOCOtOi-«OCOOM( Ox Ox Ox Cn Ox OlOiOi CnOi 0x00 OxOx Or

3.2

tototototototototototototocotototobocococotobotocotocococococo

t0C005^C0054^Oi0i00CnO050000<lOC0i-‘00 00OOcDOC0t0C0b0 Or Or_On__Cn Ox Crc Or Or Or Or    pi

CObO

mMhmmhMhi to h-»    h- i-‘tOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtObOlOtOtOtObOtO

■slH-OOOJOoioH-JooioiocOCDOfcOMO^fcO^MMMfcOH-iOH-COOH-* Or_Oi QrQrOrOx Qi Ox Cn Or_Ox Ox Ox Or Or

tOtOtOtOtObOtOtOH-itOtOH^tOtOtOtOtOtOtObOtOtOtOtObOtOtOH^h-itOh-i

’i_i'o OOOOOOcOHOOOOHOOHHHOOMMMtCiHCOOHOO Ox Ox Ox Ox Or Ox OiOi Or Or Ox Or Or Ox

Note.—February 1, lake frozen from shore to shore; ice 15 to 22 inches at different places on the lake. February 10, ice 18 to 20 inches thick. February 25, top of ice 1.35 feet; thickness of ice at gage, 18 inches. March 10, top of ice, 1.25 feet; thickness of ice at gage, 23 inches. March 17, top of ice, 1.25 feet; thickness of ice at gage, 15 inches.

Station Rating Table for Richelieu River, at Fort Montgomery, N. Y., from January 1 to December

31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

0.00

.10

.20

:<»

.40

.50

60

.70

.80

11

1.00

1.10

1.20

1.30

1.40

1.50

1.60

1.70

1.80

Second-feet. 3,300 3,640 3,980 4,320 4,660 5,000 5,340 5,6S0 6,020 6,360 6,700 7,040 7,380 7,720 8,060 8,400 8,740 9,080 9,420

Feet.

1 .90 2.00 2.10 2.20

2.30

2.40

2.50 2.60

2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50 3.60

3.70

Second-feet.

9,760 10,100 10,440 10,780 11,120 11,460 11,800 12,160 ! 12,520 12,880 13,240 13,600 13,980 14,360 14,740 15,120 15,500 15,880 16,260

Feet.

3.80

3.90 4.00

4.10

4.20

4.30

4.40

4.50 4.60 4.70

4.80

4.90 5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

Second-feet.

16,640

17,020

17,400

17.820 18,240 18,660 19,080 19,500 19,940 20,380

20.820 21,260 21,700 22,180 22,660 23,140 23,620 24,100

Feet.

5.60 5.70

5.80 5.90 6.00 6.20 6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80

8.00

8.20

8.40

8.60

Second-feet.

24,620

25,140

25,660

26,180

26.700 27,860 29,020 30,220

31.460

32.700 34,020 35,340

36.700 38,100 39,500 40,980

42.460 43,940

Note.—The above table is based on measurements made at Chambly dam in 1898 by the U. S. Board on Deep Waterways.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Richelieu River, at Fort Montgomery, N. F.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

31

21,260 19,500 21,700 19,940 21,844 19,500 22,180 19,500 21,940 20,380 22,420 18,870 22,900 18,660 23,140 18,870 23,380 18,660 24,100 18,240 22,660 18,450 23,140 18,030 23,860 17,400 23,140 17,400 23,140 17,610 23,044 17,400 22,900 17,820 22,660 17,610 23,140 17,020 22,420 16,640 21,700 16,640 21,940 16,260 21,700 16,070 22,420 16,450 21,260 16,450 21,480 16,260 20,820 15,500 21,040 15,310 22,660 15,500 19,080 15,310 ...... 14,930

14,930 14,930 14,740 15,120 14,360 15,880 14,360 16,830 14,170 17,820 13,790 17,400 14,170 17,310 13,600 17,020 13,790 16.640 13,980 16,450 13,790 16,260 13,600 16,260 13,600 15,880 13,600 16,260 13,980 15,310 13,420 15,120 13,980 15,120 13,790 15,120 13,980 15,310 14,550 15,120 14,740 15,044 14,170 15,310 14,170 15,424 14,360 15,120 14,740 14,550 14,360 13,790 13,980 13,790 14,360 13,980 14,550 13,420 14,740 14,170 ...... 14,626

15,500

15,690

16,640

16,450

16,640

16,450

16,260

15,690

15,690

15,500

15,690

15.310 14,740 14,550 14,360 14,740 14,930 15,120 15,120 14,930 14,740 14,360 13,980 13,980 16,830

17.310 13,240 13,060 12,880 12,880 12,700

12,880

12,700

13,600

13,240

13,790

14,170

14,360

15,044

14,930

14,740

14,930

14,550

13,980

13,600

14,550

14,170

14,550

14,740

14,170

15,120

15,500

16,070

15,500

15,690

15,500

14,930

15,500

14,930

14,740

14,360

14,550

14,740

14,360

14,930

13,790

13,240

13,790

13,240

12,880

13,060

13,980

14,740

13,790

12,520

12,880

13,060

12,160

13,790

11,800

12,880

11,800

Mean

22,300

17,490 14,140

15,500

15,030

14,550

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Richelieu River, at Fort Montgomery, N. Y. [Drainage area, 7,750 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January. . February. March....

April.....

May.......

June.....

July......

August.. . September October... November December.

8,332

7,822

19,290

24,100

20,380

14,930

17,820

17,310

16,070

14,930

12,700

10,780

7,380

7,380

7,040

19,080

14,930

13,420

13,420

12,700

12,700

10,780

8,740

9,590

7,890

7,608

9,233

22,300

17,490

14,140

15,500

15,030

14,550

12,410

1.02

.982

1.19

2.88

2.26

1.82

2.00

10

10

,060

,250

1.94

1.88

1.60

1.30

1.32

1.18 1.02 1.37 3.21 2.61 2.03 2.31 2.24 2.10 1.84 1.45 1.52

The year

24,100

7,040

13,040

1.68

22.88

Note.—Discharge not affected by ice conditions on the lake.

BIG CHAZY RIVER.

Big Chazy river is tributary to Lake Champlain from the New York side near the north end of the lake, a few miles below Rouses Point. The stream has two chief upper branches, which rise in the rugged, precipitous region of western Clinton county, flow in a general northeasterly direction, and unite at Mooers Forks. The flow of the branches above the junction is comparatively rapid, the descent being made in many places over smooth, sluice-like inclines. The source of the south branch is Chazy lake, which was formerly used as a storage reservoir. Owing to the cutting of the timber and to the lower cost of iron materials, factories along the branches of this stream have gone out of business, and there are several abandoned dams.

Below Mooers Forks the main stream flows southeastward, then northeastward, and then southeastward again to the lake, a distance of 20 miles measured along its general course, descending in this distance from an elevation of 300 feet to 100 feet. The country is moderately rolling, and the river bed, which is shallow, is underlain by Potsdam sandstones. These sandstones also extend beneath the two main branches nearly to the head waters of the stream. The soil, which covers the sandstone to a very slight depth over the greater portion of the area, is sandy and loamy, and the ground is chiefly utilized for pasturage. Numerous areas of bog and marsh exist, though the tributaries of the river are rather sparse. The conformation of the greater part of the drainage basin is conducive to moderate floods, except when influenced by ice, and to a low run-off during the dry season. A small part of the drainage area below the junction lies in Canada.

A measurement of the spring freshet discharge April 25, 1899, was made by the United States Deep Waterways engineers at Lake Champlain, 6 miles above the mouth of the stream. The discharge was found to be 1,038 second-feet, equivalent to 4 second-feet per square mile from the tributary drainage area of 257 square miles.

Current-meter measurements of the discharge in the two branches at highway bridges a few miles above the junction were made by Robert E. Horton, September 1, 1905, as follows: the south branch, at Wood falls, discharge 74 second-feet, equivalent to 0.895 second-foot per square mile from the tributary drainage area of 83 square miles; the north branch, at bridge above Park creek, discharge 62 second-feet, equivalent to 0.65 second-foot per square mile from a tributary drainage area of 94 square miles.

A timber dam, having an up-stream face with an inclination of 4.5 horizontal to 1 vertical and a horizontal crest 125 feet long, was constructed in 1904 at Mooers Junction, on Big Chazy river. The drainage area at this point is 202.6 square miles. A gage has been placed at this dam, and the discharge has been determined as follows: spring freshet of 1905, discharge 3,680 second-feet, or 18.1 second-feet per square mile; summer freshet of 1905, discharge 4,830 second-feet, or 23.84 second-feet per square mile. September 1, 1905, the flow at the dam was, approximately, 68 second-feet. The stream was very low at this date, but was not at its minimum stage.

The drainage areas tributary to the river are shown in the following table:

Drainage areas of Big Chazy River.

POINT OF MEASUREMENT.

Area.

Total area.

From entrance of Chazy lake...........

Above foot of Chazy lake..............

South branch above Wood falls.........

South branch above forks..............

North branch above Park bridge........

North branch above forks..............

Total area at forks....................

Mooers Forks and Mooers Junction dam Mooers dam near mouth...............

Square miles.

61.0

9.0

11.0

5.8

96.4

Square miles.

2.1

22.1

83.1

92.1 93.7

104.7

196.8 202.6 299.0

SARANAC RIVER NEAR PLATTSBURG, N. Y.

Saranac river rises in southeastern Franklin county, N. Y., and flows northeastward to a point near Cadyville and thence eastward into Lake Champlain at Plattsburg. The southern boundary of the basin is the Ampersand mountain range, and the stream drains the north slope of the most elevated region of the State of New York. About 16.2 per cent of the upper drainage area is water-surface. The areas tributary to the river are shown in the following table:

Drainage areas of Saranac River.a

LOCATION.

Area.

Total area.

Above Saranac lake State dam Above Saranac Lake village...

Above Franklin Falls..........

North branch Saranac river. ..

At junction North branch.....

Above High Falls.............

Above Cadyville..............

Above Kent Falls.............

Above Morrisonville..........

Above Lozier dam............

Above mouth...............

Square miles.

44.9

104.3

136.6

19.6

74.6

2.9

2.0

26.1

•..C

Square miles.

157.5

202.4

306.7

136.6

498.8

518.4 593.0

595.9

597.9 624.0

629.6

In 1854 a timber dam was built below Lower Saranac lake for the purpose of flooding logs. In 1899-1901 a masonry dam and lock were erected by the State at this point, raising the water-level of Lower Saranac lake, 18 inches.

A gaging station was established at the dam of the Plattsburg Electric Light and Power Company, 6 miles above Plattsburg, March 17, 1903.

The record includes the flow over a straight spillway crest 171.25 feet in length, the discharge through two 5-foot waste gates when open, and the discharge through five 33-inch Victor turbines controlled by automatic governors. The gages are read and the record is furnished by A. E. Hare. Experiments have been made at Cornell University hydraulic laboratory on a model of the ogee section of the dam, from which coefficients have been derived for the calculation of the discharge.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97. p. 355; 129, pp. 128-129.

Discharge, daily: 97, p. 356; 129, p. 129.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 356; 129, p. 130.

a From Bien’s Atlas of New York.

Jan, Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

DAY.

1905.

1 Mi

800

565

i:;

487

270

346

100

507

10

537

11.......

347

IL>

277

13

303

14

384

15

16

ris

17

604

288

10

342

20

452

21

22

325

23

382

24

25

::<>s

265

26

27

2S

259

20

492

4M

194

455

31

•I.;-'

:;; ggggi£sSS§ia§giSS!i!33§iiiH

§ll¥lill¥a§s'S§llggl3S§ils§gglil

2,970 1,016 1,720 1,129 1,446 1,223 1,401 1,485 1,370 1,431 1,468 1,389 1,278 1,542 l,246i 1,709 1,012 1,526 1,180 1,540 1,878 1,383 2,033 1,222 1,867 1,220 1,530 1,240 1,473 1,289 1,108 1,545 973 1,654 1,003 1,675 931 1,581 1,027 1,520 1,001 1,288 1,293 1,180 1,511 1,024 1,741    934

943 1,604 938 3,682 980 2,833 1,134 2,127 974 1,681 908 1,129 953 1,825 1,012! 1,477 1,179; 1,366 1,267 1,357 1,267 1,093 1,627 1,128 1,577 1,154 1,461    962

1,342 1,012 1,286    825

1,134 1,001 1,2661 1,084 1,432| 1,251 1,441 1,831 1,571 1,442 1,871    958

1,029 1,623 973 1,978 716 1,838 954 1,829 899 1,782 800 1,636 778 1,345 700 1,199 448    999

558 521 614 731 821 797 835 800 762 565 691 867 563 871

702

756

769

710

723

865

430

721

909

716 1,006 1,783    955

1,740    817

1,462 1,512 1,334 1,870 1,150 1,654 737 1,506 946 1,459 747 1,155 597    866

is;,

92 i

488 856 419 774 673 772 656 723 653 722

991

562

ID

791

664 1,154 492 1,084

767

667

525

767

901

N76

815

854

......

768

700

745

811

773

925

914

876

749

564

317

s:: 1

I IS

715

758

912

5IU

NSC,

406

741

857

s:;r,

769

378

622

713

613

716

716

075

637

726

687

567

234 1,075

2 10

645

519

683

< 'S' .

745

766

034

534

soi

914

7S 1

655

505

705

'.70

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Saranac River, near Plattsburg, N. Y. [Drainage area, 624 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-

■OFF.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

| Second-feet per

; square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.....

February....

March.......

April........

May.........

June........

July.........

August. September.. .

October......

November... December

The year

Min

100 i

148

370

363

4,199

2,970

1,709

1,871

4,189

2,543

1,978

999

1,154

953

4,199

187

931

761

908

511

419

722

234

::;s

246

100

1,261 1,403 1,261 1,322 1,386

961

1,219

703

766

680

975

© (N<MCSJ(MCNlr-lT-HrHrMrH

OtOHJ<OCntO>-*©tOOCnCn

cototoen^tototo^fcoooco

0.682

.605

2.33 2.50 2.33 2.36 2.56 1.78 2.18 1.29 1 .36 1.26

1.56

21.24

LAKE GEORGE OUTLET AT TICONDEROGA, N. Y.

Lake George occupies a valley extending in a northeast-southwest direction, between Schroon river on the west and the south arm of Lake Champlain on the east. The lake has an average width of from 1 to 2 miles, contains numerous islands, and has precipitous, forest-covered slopes reaching to the shore on either side. The inflow is through small tributaries in deep-cut gullies on the side slopes. The lake lies at an elevation of 323 feet above tide, and the adjacent hills rise to elevations ranging between 1,200 and 2,000 feet within 1 to 2 miles of the lake margin. Outside of the main lake there is but little water-surface within the drainage basin. The total area tributary to the lake above its outlet is 220 square miles, 20.5 per cent (45 square miles) of which is water-surface.a

The outlet of Lake George is a stream 3 miles long, entering Lake Champlain at Fort Ticonderoga. This stream leaves Lake George at a distance of 1.5 miles from Lake Champlain and at an elevation 220 feet greater. It makes an abrupt bend, in which occur, naturally, several cascades over rock. The water-power is at present developed by dams located successively along the stream, the uppermost dam controlling the outflow from Lake George.

A gaging station was established August 24, 1904, at the “B” mill of the International Paper Company at Ticonderoga. This is the second dam below Lake George.

The dam is of masonry, is without leakage, and has a horizontal crest 6 feet in breadth and substantially level.

Observations of the depth on the crest of the dam and in the tail-race are taken four times each day by C. E. Carpenter. The discharge through the turbines is determined from current-meter measurements in the tail-race below the pulp mill.

A description of this station, with gage height and discharge data, is contained in Water-Supply Paper No. 129, United States Geological Survey, pages 133-134.

Discharge Measurements of Lake George outlet, at Ticonderoga, N. Y.b

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1S05.

August 30.. . August 30... .

R. E. Horton E. F. Weeks..

Feet.

31

31

Square feet. 155

I 5S

Ft. per second. 2.20 2.15

Feet.

2.60

2.60

Second-feet.

.342

.341

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Lake George outlet, at Ticonderoga, N. Y.

DAY.

Aug. Sept. I Oct.

Nov. ¹ Dec.

DAY.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

K04.

200,

255

311

193

200

51

255

313

235

238

17

34

12

254

261

319

307 i

223

36

18

19

20

241

240

242

193

227

271

199

272

46

247

170

2 16

225

25

199

20 s

241

215

226

232

304;

53

143

229

21

22

251

231

260

242

198

185

272

202

228

272

173|

260

252

226

229

214

23

10

214

179

197

260

12

202

258

258

208

25

26

228

260

2i.5

264

194

186

46

27

192

160

28

34

185

268

214

251

162

45

151

255

302

290

261

100

235

97

13

222

25,5

193

14

223

238

227    205

29

16

249

320

202

155

217

205

30

205.

m 261

275

241

15

229

208

336

16

242

283

202

202

31

199

252

77

243

244

202

199

a The drainage basin of Lake George is shown on the Glens Falls, Bolton, Whitehall, Ticon -deroga, and adjacent topographic atlas sheets of the United States Geological Survey. b Tail-race International Paper Company’s "B” mill.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1E05.

97.

136

193

188

174

182

348

3 19

438

is

522

411

445

174

172

179

315

515

173

174

177

309

521

442

119

445

296

425

•IMS

106

Ml

453

203

200

70

438

514

294

221

176

149

84

189

HI

172

182

169

167

438

472

533

223

179

153

438

100

M 7,7.

430

302

430

430

7.M

12

222

174

177

351

488

512

430

449

438

449

70

13

205

185

133

497

515

449

72

456

224

14

214

62

487

15

211

56

16

163

17

18

19

221

217

I—i I—i

M 05 00 00M Oi OSCnQOvlQO

139

182

182

174

168

445

488

461

472

319

445

456

302

426

415

MM 7,

445

•117)

411

434

407

442

£0

401

434

274

::s::

70

430

445

308

91

221

1£0

438

445

405

£0

413

304

392

21

223

165

136

449

438

IMS

1 13

II.:

22

213

1E0

174

462

429

2". o

434

476

94

23

98

182

177

•is:

29 s

438

438

430

M99

387

24

153

178

182

62

25

217

182

182

333

446

453

408

438

450

434

438

70

307

70

250

356

362

362

26

.9 J

27

28

£05

223

177

215

528

434

97

430

70

70

524

29

193

141

164

529

445

185

244

515

438

286

434

359

415

442

367

Ml

423

30

31

151

260

196

337

495

317

92

361

404

4S0

426

438

434

434

80

301

2 17,

3"0

324

349

GCCSO •OCOQiNHOOCCDQlMO^'^iCOOQ'-oOTrOJCCfNHTfO) OrJitJO •<NTjiTriTjiiO(A/t>»iOTfTtiiO-^Tf(MCUCO',^CO‘Oa5COLCCDCOiCCD COCO -(MCOCOCOCO <N CO CO CO CO CO T-t <N CO CO CO CO CO 03 CO CO CO CO CO

84

269

361

353

355

358

97

291'

358

348

349

349

59

251

343

335

324

321

75

'2 I 2

307

321

317

321

311

46

238

329

8-‘1—¹MOl00C0*vJ^lO^^O5^^«-⁷O^TCj0C!!T>0r)'y)i—‘,V)^ND'--‘^I—‘Oxto

263

254

60

177

247

217

260

1£0

241

241

244

254

260

80

I SJ

2 II

247

247

2 14

257

60

24

180

247

241

254

244

60

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Lake George outlet,"at Ticondtroga, N. Y. [Drainage area, 220 square miles.1

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1904.

August 24-31.........

September (29 days). .

October (30 days).....

November............

December............

228

263

320

241

16

12

34

27,

36 |

178

199

223

233

187

0.809

0.241

£05

F01

.976

1.06

1.13

1.18

.850

.980

1905.

January (30 days).....

February (25 days)

March...............

April................

May.................

June................

July.................

August..............

September (29 days). .

October..............

November............

December............

223

193

361

529

533

449 449 i 456

M99

361

342

263

79

70

60 |

80

84

70

:<i

Ml

46

41

24

tOtOtOMCOCOCOOOCOH-*8-iK_i

O^GOOCOWMOMMSOO tool*—‘COOCOiCO^M^COi—‘

.823

.949

,7s9

.731

.791

1.71

1.80 ! 1.68 j

1.53

1.54    ] 1.38

1.28 1.12 .918

HUDSON RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

.912

1 .91 2.08 1.87 1.76 1.78 1 .49 1 .48 1.25 1.06

Description of Basin.

The principal sources of Hudson river lie in the wildest portion of the Ad ion-dack mountains, in Essex county, northeastern New York. A number of branches,

any one of which might possibly be considered the main stream, form its upper waters; but if the highest collected and permanent body of water be assumed as the true head, then the source of the Hudson becomes Lake Tear-of-the-Clouds, which lies at an elevation of 4,322 feet above tide, in the center of the triangle formed by Mounts Marcy and Syklight and Gray Peak.

The river flows rather irregularly southward until it reaches the northern boundary of Saratoga county, when it makes a sharp turn and flows eastward for about 12 miles by general course, passing through the mountains and forming, as it cuts across the rocky strata, several falls of great height and beauty. At Sandy Hill, just below Glens Falls, it makes another abrupt turn and flows southward, continuing in this direction until it empties into New York Bay.

From Lake Tear-of-the-Clouds to the mouth of the river the distance by water is probably about 300 miles. The total area drained is 13,366 square miles. The river is tidal to Troy, which is also at the head of navigation.

The head-water region is mountainous in character, in general heavily wooded, and dotted with numerous lakes and ponds. The rocks, belonging to the oldest formation and mainly granitic, are either bare or covered only with a layer of spruce duff, humus, and forest litter. The river emerges from the mountain region a few miles west of Glens Falls, and thence to Troy the topography is moderately rolling and the surface soil is chiefly sand. Below Troy the river follows the great depression which extends almost due north and south between New York Bay and the St. Lawrence, flowing in an open valley bordered by well-cultivated lands, which rise with moderate slope from the stream. The Catskill mountain region is reached 20 or 30 miles below Albany, and thence to the mouth of the river the immediate valley is flanked by high hills, the Highlands of Orange county and the precipitous Palisades being especially noticeable.

The fall in the upper portion of the course is very rapid, amounting to about 64 feet per mile from Lake Tear-of the-Clouds to North creek, a distance of about 52 miles. From the mouth of North creek to the mouth of the Sacandaga the descent is nearly 14 feet per mile, distributed among rapids which diminish in frequency as the Sacandaga is approached. In the succeeding 26 miles to Fort Edward the river descends 418 feet more, but of this 175 feet is comprised within the three abrupt pitches at Palmer, Glens, and Bakers falls, while most of the remainder occurs in the rapids between Jessups Landing and the oxbow above Glens Falls. Between Glens Falls and Troy nearly the entire fall of the river is utilized for the development of water-power.

The tributaries of the Hudson are numerous, and many of them are large and important. Indian river, Schroon river, and the Sacandaga unite with the main stream above Glens Falls, and between the latter point and Troy it receives Batten kill, Fish creek, Hoosic river, and the Mohawk. The tributaries below Troy include Catskill, Esopus, and Rondout creeks, and Wallkill river from the west, and Kinderhoolc creek, Jansen kill, Wappinger creek, Fishkill creek, and Croton river from the east.

Mohawk river, the largest of the tributary streams, rises in the sandy hills south of Boonville, in western New York, about 40 miles from the east end of Lake Ontario. Its uppermost tributaries are fed by large springs, and in addition the stream receives considerable water brought in from the adjacent Black river drainage basin for the supply of the Black river and Erie canals.

The Mohawk flows southward until it reaches the City of Rome, at which point it turns to the east, flowing across the State in a course a little east of south until it enters the Hudson at Cohoes, a few miles above Troy. It has a length by actual course of 140 to 145 miles, and a drainage area, measured at the mouth, of 3,468 square miles.

The immediate valley of the Mohawk is broad and open, at many places a mile or two in width, from which there is a rise, usually gradual but sometimes abrupt, to hills which attain altitudes several hundred feet above the stream. Toward the mouth of the river the valley becomes more contracted and the meadows disappear. The flats which border the stream have a rich alluvial soil, finely adapted to the raising of grass, grains, and broom corn; the more elevated lands are covered with sandy and gravelly loam.

Above Rome the Mohawk flows through a deep gorge in shale rock; from Rome eastward to Little Falls the valley is deeply filled with alluvial deposits, and the flood plains on either side become submerged during freshets, thus acting to some extent as storage reservoirs. At Little Falls the river cuts through a rocky gorge, whose walls rise precipitously 500 or 600 feet.

Below Rome, the fall of the river is small and rather uniform, being made up of long quiet reaches with slight riffles; but at Little Falls this uniformity is broken, and the stream descends in a succession of falls about 45 feet in 2,500. The average fall between Rome and the lower aqueduct at Crescent, a distance of 110.7 miles, is 2.43 feet per mile; thence to the level of slack water above Troy dam there is a farther descent of 149.5 feet in 4.4 miles, but of this 105 feet is included within the improved power at Cohoes.

The principal tributaries of the Mohawk below the source are, successively, Oriskany, West Canada, East Canada and Schoharie creeks.

The Erie canal runs parallel to the Mohawk through most of its course below Rome and derives a part of its water-supply from the river. Feeder dams for purposes of diversion are located on the river at Delta, Rome, Little Falls, Rocky Rift and Rexford Flats. A dam at Oriskany creek also diverts into the canal a portion of the flow of that tributary, as well as waters brought into the Mohawk basin from storage reservoirs located in the upper drainage basin of Chenango river near Hamilton, N. Y. There is also a diversion dam near the mouth of Schoharie creek, the largest tributary of the Mohawk.

The annual precipitation in the Hudson river basin, as determined by observations at twelve or more stations, is about 37 inches, but the amount is undoubtedly much greater in the elevated country near the head waters.

The flow of the upper Hudson is controlled to some extent during the dry season by the use of Indian lake storage reservoir, and the facilities for storage works in this part of the basin are unsurpassed. The entire region is dotted with ponds and lakes, many of them of large size and fed from extensive drainage areas. Saratoga lake serves as a regulator of Fish creek, and there is a small reservoir at the head waters of the Hoosic. Storage is also extensively developed in the basin of Croton river for the purpose of supplying the City of New York with water. The flow of the Mohawk above the gaging stations at Little Falls and Dunsbach Ferry is modified during the season of canal navigation, extending from about May 1 to December 1.

Except that of the Delaware, the basin of the Hudson contains a greater population in proportion to its size than any other important river basin in the United States. This population is largely concentrated along the great highway of traffic which follows the valley of the Mohawk from the west and then continues down the lower Hudson.

HUDSON RIVER AT FORT EDWARD, N. Y.

This station was established in 1895, in connection with the upper Hudson storage surveys. It is located at the dam of the International Paper Company. The drainage area of the Hudson above Fort Edward is 2,800 square miles, which is 62 per cent of that above the Mechanicville gaging station, the principal intervening tributaries, Hoosic river and Batten kill, having drainage areas of 730 and 460 square miles, respectively.

The dam is of framed timber on slate-rock foundation and leaks but little. The crest is straight, very nearly level, and 587.6 feet long. The crest-gage zero stands at the level of the lip of the dam proper. A new and accurate.profile of the crest of the dam, obtained in 1903, has been used to determine the discharge since that date.

Flash-boards from 15 to 18 inches high are usually maintained on the dam. A record is kept of the height of the flash-boards and of the times of their setting and removal. When the flash-boards are off the dam the flow is computed by means of coefficients derived from the United States Geological Survey experiments on a model dam of similar cross-section; with the flash-boards on, the flow is computed by the Francis formula for the thin-edged weir.a

In the winter of 1896-97 a flood spillway was cut around the south end of the dam, and the water flows over this when it reaches the level of the crest of the flash-boards. The profile of the spillway is very irregular and causes some uncertainty in calculating the flow at times of high water.

During the dry season but little water passes over the dam, the entire flow being employed to drive the turbines, of which there are 62 in the adjoining mill. These are nearly all of modem types, which have been tested at the Holyoke flume. A record is kept of the daily run of each, in hours, as well as of the working head, which is usually 19 feet. The discharge through the turbines is taken from diagrams expressing the flow as a function of the working head and number of wheel-hours run.

In the navigation season the water is diverted from the Hudson at the Glens Falls feeder dam, 7 miles above Fort Edward, for the supply of the Champlain canal.

Information concerning the Hudson at Fort Edward is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York, and in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper) :

Description: WS. 35, p. 58; 47, p. 75; 65, p. 48; 82, p. 100; 97, pp. 221-222; 125, pp. 19-20.

Discharge: WS. 47, p. 39.

Discharge, daily: WS. 47, p. 76; 65, p. 49; 82, p. 101; 125, p. 23.

Discharge, high-water: WS. 65, p. 50.

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 22, iv, p. 107; WS. 35, p. 24; 65, p. 49-50; 82, p. 102; 125, p. 23.

Hydrograph: Ann. 22, iv, p. 108.

The results of gagings of Hudson river at Fort Edward, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 569-572.

HUDSON RIVER AT MECHANICVILLE, N. Y.

A record of the flow of Hudson river at Mechanicville has been kept by the Duncan Company since December, 1888. The record includes two daily readings of the depth on the crest of the dam, and a continuous record of the run of the water-wheels in the adjoining paper mill. The accompanying tables, computed

a Water-Sup. and Irr. Paper No. 150, U. S. Geol. Survey, 1906.

by Mr. R. P. Bloss, the engineer of the company, show the daily and monthly mean flow at Mechanicville.

The dam of the West Virginia Pulp and Paper Company at Mechanicville was raised during 1904, a concrete crest and apron being added, so that the dam has now a rounded or ogee profile. A discharge curve has been calculated, using coefficients of discharge derived from United States Geological Survey experiments on models of dams of ogee cross-section by Robert E. Horton.

Information concerning the Hudson at Mechanicville is contained in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Description: Ann. 19, iv, pp. 117-118; WS. 35, pp. 58-59; 47, p. 77; 65, pp. 50-51; 82, p. 102; 97, p. 218; 125, pp. 22-23.

Discharge: WS. 47, p. 39.

Discharge, daily: WS. 35, pp. 59-61; 47, pp. 78-79; 65, p. 52; 82, p. 103; 97, p. 218; 125, p. 2 3-

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 19, iv, pp. 119-122; 20, iv, p. 81; 22. iv, pp. 109-110; WS.35, p.24; 65, pp. 52-53; 82, p. 104; 97, p. 219; 125, p. 23.

Discharge, yearly: Ann. 20, iv, p. 47.

Hydrographs: Ann. 19, iv, p. 118; 20, iv, p. 80; 21, iv, p. 72; 22, iv, p. Ill; WS. 75, p. 23.

The results of gagings of Hudson river at Mechanicville during 1905 will be found on pages 576-581.

CHAMPLAIN CANAL AT FORT EDWARD AND MECHANICVILLE, N. Y.

About 7 miles above Fort Edward, at the Glens Falls feeder dam, water is diverted from the Hudson for the supply of the Champlain canal, and the recorded flow of the river at Fort Edward and Mechanicville does not, therefore, represent the total natural yield of the drainage basin at those points.

Measurements of flow of Champlain canal were made during 1905, as follows: August 29, at Saratoga street bridge, Mechanicville, by E. F. Weeks, discharge, 84 second-feet; at Notre Dame street bridge, Fort Edward, by E. F. Weeks, discharge, 78 second-feet. A measurement made at the latter place on September 25, 1905, showed a discharge of 138 second-feet.

FISH CREEK AT BURGOYNE, N. Y.

Fish creek forms the outlet of Saratoga lake and has a length of 8 miles below the limit of slack water from the lake. It descends 100 feet in the lower 4 miles of its course, the greater portion of this fall being concentrated at Victory Mills, and enters the Hudson at Schuylerville, where power is developed. It has a total drainage area of 235.8 square miles, as shown by the following table:

Drainage area of Fish Creek.a

Area in Square Miles.

POINT OF MEASUREMENT.

Piece

to

place.

Total.

Kayaderosseras creek above Middle Grove

Middle Grove to Ballston Springs.........

Ballston Springs to mouth...............

Saratoga lake water-surface..............

Total direct drainage!)...................

Square miles. \ Square miles.

43.8

109.6

194.7

43.8

65.8 85. 1

o.s

41.1

235.8

a From United States Geological Survey topographic maps, Saratoga, Schuylerville. Schenectady, Glens Falls, Luzerne and Broadalbin sheets. b Above Brandt’s bridge.

A temporary gage was established at Burgoyne station on August 25, 1904, and discontinued June 30, 1905. The gage was attached to the right-hand abutment of Brandt’s bridge, and observations of stage were taken once each day by G. R. Warner. Current-meter measurements were made from the bridge. The discharge is not a continuous function of the stage of the stream, however, owing to the fact that grass and aquatic plants growing in the channel cause the velocity to vary with the season. The channel is occasionally cleared of this growth by the water-power users in order to facilitate the flow.

Discharge measurement of Fish creek at Burgoyne, N. Y., by Horton and Mott, September 25, 1905; gage height, 2.48 feet; discharge, 683 second-feet.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Fish Creek, at Burgoyne, N. Y.

10

1!

12

13

14

15

16

17

IS

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

29

2.0

31

DAY.

K05.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. April. May.

June.

1.1

1.15

1.45

1.45

1.3

1.3

1.35

1.5

1.9

1.95

1.0

1.9

1.95 1.95 1 95

1.9

1.8

1.75

1.8

1.85

1.7

1 .3

1.2

1.1

1.1

1.0

.9

.9

85

l’.O

COtOtOCDOCXOOOCOOtOiOiMOOMOOCD^OCOCOCOOOOOCDajOOO

.15

8.1

1.6

0.05

.1

.1

1*8

15

1.1

.2

.2

.3

.3

.35

.75

.8

.85

.85

.8

.s

.0

1.0 I

1.0

'.9

.85

.95

1.1

1.2

2.5

i;

5 I)

6.75

8.0

7.6

7.0

6.3

6.1

5.9

4.6

4.1

4.1

4.0

3.7

3.5

3.4

3.1

2.9

2.7

2.6

2.5

2.4

2.3

2.2

2.13

1.92

1.8

1.73

1.65

1.52 1.45

1.36

1.25

1.2

1.15

1.15

l .1

1.0

1.05

.95

.9

.05

.9

.75

.73

.0

.7

.35

.35

.3

.2

.18

.15

.1

.05

.0

.0

.11

.0

.0

.0

—    .05

—    .08

.3

! 05

.02

.0

1.5

!03

—    .04

—    .08

.0

!o5

.4

.22

.2

.28

.29

KAYADEROSSERAS CREEK NEAR SARATOGA LAKE, N. Y.

Kayaderosseras creek, the chief tributary of Saratoga Eke, drains the highland region lying north and west of the lake and has its source in the range of hills which rise about 800 feet above the general plateau and trend northwest and southeast. The area of the basin, measured at the mouth of the creek, is 194.7 square miles. The topography of the main plateau is moderately rolling, the soil is sandy, and tributaries are sparse, with few marsh or lake areas.

A measurement of the discharge of this creek was made by Robert E. Horton and D. L. Mott on September 25, 1905, at the first bridge above Saratoga lake. The water-surface was 7.93 feet below the top of the upper horizontal tie board, 5 feet from the left-hand end of the bridge, up-stream side. The area of the cross-section was 301 square feet; the discharge, 250 second-feet.

INDIAN RIVER AT INDIAN LAKE, NEW YORK.

A record of the stage of water in Indian lake reservoir, located in the upper Hudson river basin, as described in preceding reports, has been continued. The reservoir gates were open during the greater portion of the year, the closed period extending from April 1 to July 26. The reported stage of water in the reservoir is shown in the accompanying table.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 47, pp. 71-72; 65, pp. 42-44; 82, p. 98; 97, p. 222; 125, p. 24.

Stage of water: 47, p. 72; 65, p. 44; 82, p. 99; 97, p. 223; 125, p. 24.

Stage of Water, in Feet, in Indian Lake reservoir. New York.

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

22

24

25

26

27

2*

2'. I

31

DAY.

1905.

Jan.

17.16

16.92 16.79 16.62 16.42

16.42 16.46

16.46

16.33 16.21 16.12 16.0

15.92

15.84 15.75 15.66

15.58

15.42 15.25 15.08 15.0

14.92

14.84 14.71

14.58

14.46

14.33 14.08

13.84

13.58

13.42

Feb.

OOOOOOOOOOOOCOCOCOCOCOOOOOOO^H-h-H^H^tOtOtOtOtOCO

b^cocD-qcobto^cnoob^cocDCsoobto^asoobtorfi.cso^ OSCO I—¹ tO 00 CD tO 00 OS CO Qs^^CDOSOSQOOOCDOSQStOOS

Mar. April. May. June July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.

TtH CO CO »C TJH O o CO 00    00 CO 00 X CO CO CO CC CO CO °° Tfl^COOSCO(N

OOCOTjttMOXCOiOCOOXiOCOOXiOCOCOCOCOCOCOXO^XCNCOlMCOTji

i>i>t^t>r>-cococococoio»oio*0’,tfTt<’'tf*^^'<tfTFTttTtHioio*ococoN>oocs

10.66    26.33 11.46 26.66 12.04 27.0

•    COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO

•    CDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCDCD^^WCOCOtOtOtOtOtOtOs-^H^H-H-*)-*^^

. Mco^^^to^^oicobo5W<ibbco^ioicoMb^oi^wtobbb •_ CD CO tO tO QS CD tO Cs_OJQOCsCOCdOO tOCPQOMCS CD to Co t—* 4^ 00 rf*

COWCOGOCOCOCOCOCOCOGOCOCOWCOCOCOCOCOCOWGOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO

^^^^►^h^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^otCdCdCdCdGsCdCd

CUoboOOOOtOMHi—‘HO^lOHlOMlO^OiOOOHOiOJOOOiM CD^OOOOOOOOOQH-iCSGSCSCSOOCS^CSCDCSCDtOOO^ CS CO OS OS 00 to

cococococococococococococococococococococococococococococococo

COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOC0^4i.^^4^4^i4^4^^4^^4^^4^4^^4^4^4^

<ibocobcobcobbbbcobbb^bbbbbbbbbbbbto^CD CD to to to to os OS os OS os    ^00 to 00 00 00^    GO 00 GO GO 00 CD to

33.62 33.58 32.58

35.29 34.08 31.75 35.16 34.21 31.79 35.12 34.33 31.84 34.84 34.37 31.88 34.71 34.42 31.92

34.5    34.33    31.96

34.25    33.92 32.0

34.0    33.54    32.08

33.75    33.16 32.25

..... 32.84 ......

HOOSIC RIVER AT BUSKIRK, N. Y.

Hoosic river has its sources on the west slope of the Hoosac mountains in Vermont and Massachusetts. Two head branches, one flowing southward, the other northward along the west slope of this range, unite at North Adams, Mass., and the stream then flows northwestward, entering the Hudson 3 miles north of Mechanicville. Above Buskirk the drainage basin is rugged and precipitous, the distribution of tributaries affording rapid concentration of the run-off from the steep rock slopes. The ridges are sparsely wooded. The soil in the valleys is generally firm and tenacious. The general elevation of the valley at the junction of the head waters is 1,000 feet. Numerous dams, affording power for textile, agricultural implement, and other industries are scattered throughout the length of the stream from North Adams to Schaghticoke. The drainage basin contains no important lakes and but one storage reservoir, at Farnam, near the head of South branch.

South of Hoosic river the State boundary follows the Taconic ridge, which forms the divide between the Hoosic in Massachusetts and the Little Hoosic in New York.

A gaging station was established September 25, 1903, at the highway bridge in Buskirk village. The channel is straight near the gaging station. The bank are high and seldom overflow. The current is exceptionally smooth, but is rather slow during low water. A standard chain gage is attached to the covered wooden highway bridge. The length of the chain is 28.17 feet. The gage is read twice each day by Bert C. Henry. A bench mark is located on the up-stream corner of the left abutment; elevation, 36.03 feet above gage datum.

Information concerning this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, pp. 219-220; 125, pp. 24-25.

Discharge: 97, p. 220; 125, p. 25.

Gage heights: 97, p. 221; 125, p. 26.

Discharge Measurements of Hoosick River, at Buskirk, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. March 28. March 29. August 8. August 9.

H. R. Beebe.. H. R. Beebe.. C. 0. Covert.. C. C. Covert..

Feet.

Ill

144

127

125

Square feet. 1,095 1,091

42 I

404

Ft. per second. 5.52 5.63 1.19 1.03

Feet.

7.00

6.98

2.18

1.92

Second-feet.

6,035

6.141

’499

417

The results of gagings of Hoosic river at Buskirk, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 573-576.

MOHAWK RIVER AT LITTLE FALLS, N. Y.

This gaging station is located at the lower (Gilbert’s) dam at Little Falls, N. Y. The dam is of masonry, having the form of a circular arc, and furnishes power for the Astoronga Knitting Mill and the mill of the Little Falls Paper Company. In the Astoronga Knitting Mill are two turbines, built by T. H. Risdon & Co., Mount Holly, N. J. In the mill of the paper company are three Camden turbines and one 60-inch Day turbine, built in Little Falls.

There are three dams at Little Falls. The upper one is a State dam, diverting water for the supply of the Erie canal; the lower two are used for water-power development. The gage record kept at the lower dam shows the amount of water flowing down-stream from Little Falls, but does not include the diversion at the State dam above the gaging station, and hence does not represent the total yield from the tributary drainage area of 1,306 square miles.

In calculating the discharge for 1905, use has been made of the experiments of the United States Geological Survey at Cornell University in 1903 on flow over dams.

Information concerning this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Description: WS. 35, p. 51; 47, p. 52; 65, p. 162; 82, p. 92; 97, p. 196; 125, pp. 26-27.

Discharge: WS. 47, pp. 39, 52-53; 65, pp. 162, 163.

Discharge, daily: WS. 35, p. 51; 47, pp. 54-55; 65, p. 163; 82, p. 93; 125, pp. 27-28.

Discharge, flood: WS. 47, p. 53; 65, p. 165.

Discharge, low-water: WS. 47, p. 54; 65, p. 165.

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 22, iv, p. 94; WS. 35, p. 24; 65, p. 164; 82, p. 94; 125, pp. 28-29.

Hydrographs: Ann. 21, iv, p. 67; 22, iv, p. 95.

The results of gagings of Mohawk river at Little Falls during 1905 will be found on pages 595-599.

MOHAWK RIVER AT DUNSBACH FERRY, NEW YORK.

This station was established March 12, 1898, for the primary purpose of checking a system of levels for the United States Board of Engineers on Deep Waterways, by D. J. Howell, civil engineer, who has furnished the earlier portion of the record. The station is located at the dam of the West Troy Water Company, one-fifth mile above Dunsbach Ferry bridge, 9 miles from the mouth of the river. No record was kept from April 1, 1899, to August 1, 1900.

The dam is of masonry, with a flat granite crest 5.5 feet wide. It is in two sections, situated on opposite sides of an island of Hudson river shale. The left wing, at the upper end of the island, has a crest length of 380 feet; the right wing, 500 feet down-stream, at the foot of the island, has a crest 280 feet long. The dam was rebuilt in 1903 and a new profile obtained.

During high water the current of the stream through the cross-section of the channel leading to the lower dam has a velocity of several feet per second. The head due to this velocity has been added to the observed head as a correction for velocity of approach to the lower dam. The upper dam is situated 450 feet up-stream from the crest gage.

The crest gage is attached to the timber cribbing 50 feet above the lower section of the dam, with its zero mark at an elevation of 172.00 feet, referred to the United States Deep Waterways datum. Gage readings are taken twice daily at intervals of about twelve hours by Robert Wilson. The mean of the two daily readings is used in computing the flow.

The discharge over the dam has been calculated by means of the weir formula, using coefficients derived from the United States Geological Survey experiments.

In the pumping station adjoining the dam are two turbines of the old American type, one 66 inches and the other 75 inches in diameter. A new 54-inch Victor turbine was installed during 1902. The discharge is calculated from the recorded daily run of the water-wheels and the working head. The turbines drive pumps taking water from the river for water-supply purposes at the rate of about 1,500,000 gallons per day, equivalent to a continuous flow of 2.25 second-feet.

The results of gagings of Mohawk river at Dunsbach Ferry, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 603-605.

ORISKANY CREEK AT COLEMANS, N. Y.

A gaging station was established at Wood Road bridge, 1 mile above the village of Oriskany, June 5, 1901. This station was discontinued November 30, 1904, a new station having been established at Colemans, 1 mile up-stream, where a cableway was erected for use in making current-meter measurements during high water. Observations at the cable station were begun August 13, 1904.

The stream flows in a single channel. The bed is composed of gravel and boulders. There is a flood plain at the left bank.

A staff gage is attached to piling and braced to trees along the bank. It is read twice each day by Peter Gambel.. The bench mark is the top of a spike driven into the root of a basswood tree which supports the right-hand end of the cable; elevation, 8.83 feet above the zero of the gage.

A dam at Reeder’s mills, one-fourth mile up-stream from the cable station, affords opportunity for checking the freshet discharge and is also some protection against ice, which very seriously obstructs Oriskany creek in winter.

Oriskany creek receives the inflow from storage reservoirs at the head of Chenango river, in addition to the yield of its natural drainage area, which comprises about 140 square miles above the gaging station. During the navigation season the flow of the creek is diverted, as a whole or in part, at the State dam below the gaging station.

Information in regard to this station is contained in Water-Supply Paper No. 35 of the United States Geological Survey: Description, p. 47; discharge, monthly, p. 24.

Discharge Measurements of Oriskany Creek, at Colemans, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1E05.

July 7.......

August 26a.. August 26a.. September 1. September 1.

H. R. Beebe. R. E. Horton R. E. Horton C. C. Covert.. C. J. Wood...

Feet.

75

70

70

79

72

Square feet. Ft. per second.

2.13

1.14 1.01 1.89 1.82

121

Feet.

1.18

Second-feet.

258

94

so

123 j 123 ¹

.os

108

87

1.34

1.28

234

225

a Wading below cable.

Daily Gage Height in Feet, of Oriskany Creek, at Colemans, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. j April. | May.

June. | July. ! Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov. ¹ Dec.

1905.

9......

MMHtOH

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

I-

19

21

H-*tOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOH‘v—‘

to to • to to • to to to to to

CnCn- Cn 4^- • ^k^CO’vjCO ■vj CO •    -<I Cn • -g Cn Cn

2.2

2.1

2.3

2.23

2.25

2.3

2.2

2.33

2^3

2.27

2.23

2.17

2.17

1.25

1.15

1.1

1.1

.95

rH tH tH

rH C4 iH tH i-H i-4 rH

Oi tO CO CnCntO

1.2

1.08

.92

.75

CO Cn

68

1 '.05 1.38

1.0

.78

.7

. 75

.62

22

23

24

25......

26

27

2S

29

30

31

to to to to to •—¹ to

tototototototototototototototo

tOtOCOCOCOCOCOCnCn^^^C^CnCn

•viCO cn CO*vj*vJ    —q Cn Cn Cn hi

2.15

1.3

1.55

1.02

2.1

1.93

1.68

1.32

1.3

2.4

6.35

1.35

1.35

5.7

4.7

4.3

3.95

5.35

7.6

1.2

1.12 1.05 1.05 1.05

9S

98

1 .08

.98

9.5

ss

.82

1 .4

3.05

1.9

1.38 1.08 1.02 1.02

.95

.88

.8

.85

,5s

.78

1.45

1.88

COOOCOOOO*—‘CO-vjQOCnOtO tOOOCntOOOtOtOtO tOtOCntOtOtO CnQi Or Cn Cn Cn Cn to Cn

0.92

1.68

92

2.0

1.28

1.08

1.0

.9

.92

.9

.9

.98

3.0

2.15

1.72

1.38

1.28

1.2

1.15

2.1

1.7

1.5

1.38 1.32 1 .25 1.12

1.1

1.1

1 .02 1.05

1.05

1.02

1.5

1.35

1.22

1.08

1.58

1.7

1.7

1.6

1.35 1.18 1.18 1.12 1.15 1.02 1.22

1.4

1.28

1.28

1.35

1.22

1.05

1.05

1.1

1.3

1.22

1.22

1.18

2.12

1.82

1.48

1.32

3.7

2.35

2.1

1.95

1.8

1.85

1.78

1.72

1.72

1.48

1.48

1.45

1.45

1.28

1.38 1.48 1.28 1.22 1.65

3.38 2.15 1.98 1.68 1.78 1.62 1.58 2.22

2.2

1.78

Note.—Ice conditions January 1 to March 26. approximately; stream frozen entirely across most of the time. Thickness of ice varied from 0.1 to 1.3 feet.

ORISKANY CREEK AT STATE DAM, NEAR ORIS KAN Y, N. Y.

Readings were taken from a reference point on the right-hand abutment of the State dam to determine the freshet discharge, beginning on the day when the ice left the stream in the spring of 1905, and continuing until the opening of the feeder gates for the supply of the Erie canal. The dam is in good condition, and a discharge curve has been prepared from the data of a survey and profile.

A measurement of the leakage of this dam was made by means of the flow through a rectangular channel, August 26, 1905, and an allowance of 10 second-feet for leakage has been calculated in the discharge.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS—Water-Supply Paper):

Description: WS. 35, pp. 47-48; 47, pp. 45-46; 65, pp. 145-146,147-148; 82, p. 79; 97, p. 217; 125, pp. 32-33.

Discharge: WS. 47 pp. 39, 46; 65, p. 148; 82, pp. 79-80 ; 97, p. 217; 125, p. 33.

Discharge, daily: WS. 35, p. 48; 47, pp. 46-47; 125, p. 34,

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 22, iv, p. 88; WS. 35, p. 24; 65, p. 147; 125, p. 35.

Gage heights: WS. 65, p. 149; 82, p. 80; 125, pp. 33-34.

Hydrographs: Ann. 21, iv, p. 66; 22, iv, p. 89.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Oriskany Creek at State dam, near Oriskany, N. Y., during

spring freshet season, 1905.

DAY.

Mar.

April.

DAY.

Mar.

April.

DAY.

Mar.

April.

T-KNCO^iOCDlNOOCiOrH i-l T-<

25.

27

28

29

1,500

3,100

1,580

1,300

1,080

520

10

21. .

22

1,530

1.120

’960

380

;o

1,030

1,250

STARCH FACTORY CREEK NEAR NEW HARTFORD, N. Y.

Starch Factory creek is tributary to the Mohawk, near Utica, N. Y. Its drainage basin, which includes Graefenburg creek and reservoir, is shown on the Utica sheet of the United States Geological Survey topographic atlas, from which the following drainage areas have been taken:

Drainage areas of Starch Factory Creek.

Above Graefenberg reservoir dama

Above gaging weir...............

Above Savage reservoir dam......

Above mouth...................

The region tributary to Starch Factory creek consists of cleared farm land, chiefly sodded slopes, rising from the stream to the divide on either side in a distance of about a mile from the main stream, which flows in a gulf 300 feet below the level of the general plateau. A few small lateral creeks drain the more remote portions of the area.

A gaging weir was erected on this creek above the head of the former Savage reservoir May 26, 1903. The weir has a horizontal iron crest 6 feet in length, with end contractions. The weir gage is placed 6 feet up-stream from the weir and is observed twice daily. The discharge is calculated by the Francis formula. In extreme freshets the discharge is observed at the masonry intake dam, a short distance down-stream.

a The yield is developed from this area by tiling from springs.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905 and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 206; 125, p. 35.

Discharge: 97, p. 206.

Discharge, daily: 97, p. 207; 125, p. 36.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 207; 125, p. 37.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Starch Factory Creek, near New Hartford, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept.

Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

IS

19

20

21

22

23

25

26

27

28

22

31......

1-^

►-* i—‘ i—¹1—* i—‘hmhhCOOOOh

cocobbboMMCo^oi^i^^^^io^o)booiocno)cn^o5Mbcib

(-‘OtOOOOOOOCOCDH-cOCnOiCnCOCOOxOiasOO^OOCObOOMO^bOO^OK)

.71 6.23    5.53 2.30 ......

.76    5.06    4.05    2.08    ......

.71 15.63    3.64 1.88 ......

.76    (c)    2.82    1.81......

.71    (c)    2.52 2.45 ......

.66    (c)    2.52 2.45 ......

.66    (c)    2.52 2.16 ......

. . . .    (c)    2.23 2.16 ......

. ...    (c)    2.30    1.81......

.... 29.50 ...... 1.62 ......

13.32    1.77

13.32    1.28

13.32 28.30 9.01 159.00 7.39 13.94 7.39 11.46 7.39 22.02 al5.40    9.12

9.33    3.92 ......

H-H <N <N (N rH rH tH rH 1-f t> l> 10 <M Cs|l> 1C CO CO CO <N    <N 1—I 1—1 CO

rH tH

26

2.49

3.26

25.20

9.12

4.45

5.37

5.18

5.56

5.75

4.81

3.92

3.58

3.58

2.94

1.77

1.77

1.64

1.77

1.91

2.19

12.68

(cj

9.12

5.37

3.92

3.26

3.26

3.75 25.20

8.90

5.75

d No record. e Approximate.

a Not including waste over spillway August 8-15. b From record at intake dam July 9 to August 20. c Exceeded capacity of weir.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Starch Factory Creek, near New Hartford, N. Y [Drainage area, 3.40 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

Rainfall.

MONTH.

Maxi

mum.

Mini

mum.

Mean.

Corrected mean.a

Second-feet per square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

Inches.

1905.

January..........

February.........

March (24 days) .. .

April.............

May..............

June (20 days).....

July (23 days).....

August...........

September........

October...........

November........

December (30 days)

17.50

0.91

3.44

.86

.66

.71

34.80

10.80 11.00

515.40

15.40

159.00

17.63

36.56

66

2.23

1.62

.96

2.77

1.05

1.28

1.16

2.05

1.64

4.35

8.54

3.44

2.65

29.35

7.86

11.16

4.00

5.13

5.91

4.21

1.48

5.12

9.31

4.21

3.42

30.12

8.63

11.93

4.77

5.90

6.68

1.24

1.43

1.99

.44

.458

.84

1.50

2.74

1.34

3.06

1.24

1.00

1.43

.744

8.86

2.54

3.51

1.40

1.74

1.96

7.58

52.93

3.92

1.61

1.94

2.19

3.33

3.68

4.16

10.00

7.70

6.88

7.03

4.72

3.36

3.36

o Including diversion to Graefenburg reservoir. b This does not include waste over spillway, August 8-15.

Precipitation at Savage Reservoir, near Utica, N. Y. a

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

0.0S 0.07

0.04

3......

0.49 .

16

10 .

.10

0.26

0.27 96    .02

0.71

1.21    1.15

04    0.02

1.40

!04

0.18    .27

.92

.28

ooio

CO CD O

10

.18

11

27

.28    .29

.30    .34

.25

69

.87

03

55

1.33

^03

06 .07 .10 14 1.20 .41

26

SO

10

.51

04

11

12

13

.39    .26

.21    .04

.35

.35

.36    .05    .17    2

19    1.15

14

15

.09    .86

.04

31

46

54

.65    '.04

62    1.70

.57    .03

.03

.02 .18

.49

16

1.10    .33

28

17

18

19

20

.23

.10

.03

03    .42

.02

. "0

.55

.49

36

49    .04

1.10    .67

.34

16

10

22

23

.18

.45

.95    .18

.68 . . .

1.60

.21    .57

.27

63

.04

.10

.55

24

44

.24    .12

.36

.24

25

.12

.75    .02

27

28

.52

1.82

.41

1.54

26

.10

.03    .04

.10

29

30

.26 .21

.05

.03

09

02    .38

91    .37

.07

.91

61 .18 25    .12

Total.. 2.17 1.14 3.50    3.45 3.54    9.64    8.57    7.38    7.35    5.25    4.02    3.58 a Precipitation observed at 8 a. m., and credited to day of observation.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Sylvan Glen Creek, near New Hartford, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1.18 square miles.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

RAINFALL.a

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum. Mean.

Second-feet Depth per square in mile. inches.

Inches.

1905.

January 1-14, 29-31

February...........

March..............

April...............

May...............

June...............

July...............

August.............

September..........

October.............

November..........

December..........

3.91

.12

35.10

13.31

3.41

40.00

70.00

13.49

45.00

6.26

7.50

14.89

0.15    1.14

05

.076

i05    5.63

26 2.00

!05

.05

.10

.21

.15

.38

.21

.538

3.69

4.27 1.05 2.78

1.27 1.19 2.44

o

obbwcoo5H^03s05o

^ji-^OOOtOtoCOOJCOMOiCi

O 05    ^05

to h* to I-* CO h-i Cn O

611

.068

526

17

.24

.13

.39

1.49

.’84

3.33

3.68

4.16

10.00

7.70

6.88

7.03

4.72

3.36

3.36

a Mean of Savage and Graefenburg records.

GRAEFENBURG CREEK NEAR NEW HARTFORD, N. Y.

This small catchment basin, having an area of 0.282 square miles, consists of cleared farm land, chiefly meadow and pasture, and lies between elevations 1,100 and 1,300 feet above tide, near the summit of the general plateau south of Mohawk

river. The geologic strata backward from the Mohawk in this region are, successively, the Hudson river shale, Medina sandstone, and Clinton limestone. The Hudson river shale yields few permanent springs and but little ground water. The Graefenburg basin lies above the shale and a large part of its water is derived from springs, probably in the Clinton series, which are supplied from points outside the topographic basin and the yield of which has been developed by tile drainage. The measured discharge exceeds the precipitation on the basin. Sylvan Glen creek, an adjacent drainage basin at a lower level and entirely within the Hudson river shale, sometimes becomes entirely dry in summer.

A gaging weir was erected above the inflow to Graefenburg reservoir June 7, 1903, and a standard rain gage was placed on the adjoining meadow slope, some distance from trees and structures. The weir is compound in form and has a crest length of 5 feet, with two end contractions and a central notch 2 feet long, 0.21 foot deeper. The discharge is calculated by the Francis formula. The flow of the stream is very steady. The gages are read by Richard Owen and the record is furnished by the Consolidated Water Company, of Utica, N. Y.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 213; 125, p. 39.

Discharge, daily: 97, p. 214.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Graefenburg Creek, near New Hartford, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. | Oct.

Nov. Dec.

1905.

•<

10......

11

12

13

14

15.....

16

17

18

19

20

21

22......

23

24

25

26

27

28

29.....

30

SS8aBBSSS8SSSSi8i88SS88S8pl88

...........<N

toboootototototototototototototototototo

saaa^aagsggsgsggggg'gggggggggggg

‘ I—‘ tO tO tO    H-i

gg'aggggggggsgsggsgssgggabssssss

fe55S8$SS8SS$8w«S888g!S8Ssa!?2gS : :

TH T—( T—I

HHHtOO

COWhhh    hhhhh

S§ggSSSS?SgSSS§SS882S!S8gS88S8Se

Nhhhh

rH    r—I Hrl rH rH i—I

.............................^ rH

t—<

rH

O CONhhWhhhhhhh

t-*CO

S8SSSS$j2j2§g5Sg88525S5!gSS:828g8S

1.00

2.27

3.65

1.60

1.38

1.29

1.29

1.29

1.38

1.29

1.19

1.19

1.10

1.10

1.00

1.00

91

!91

1.00 1.10 2.92 3.35 1.60 1.38 1.29 1.19 1.19 1.19 3.35 1.38 1.29

Mean..

.825 .681 3.82    1.42 .862    1.39    1.22    1.011    1.30    1.09    1.14    1.52

Precipitation at Graefenburg Reservoir, near New Hartford, N. Y.a

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

02 0.04 36    .04

0.02

0.20

60

0.47

54

.60 0.22

45

1.20    1.09

03    0.01

1.27

11

03

.12    .19

.87

02

61

10

.07 T. 25 T. T.

11 T......

04 .06 .09 01 .04 .11

05    .86

.60

28

93

.25 .21 .41 .12 .33 .50

04 .08 !()8 03 1.07 .40

i02

.23

.83

10

.26

31

04

25

12

13

48

!02

.35

i35    .50    .10    1

05 T.

14

09

T.

20

1.20

15

T.

16

T.

.60 1.01

.40

26

46

32

.56

.64 1.88 .03 .36 .01 .07

01

15

.01

17

T.

18

05

19

20

15    .02    .28

.04    .50    .50    .25

.26 .20 .17    .28

02

"'T CO CO COOH

.19    .01

02

21

.33

.80

27

.41

So

11 .01

.12

22

23

10

.70

1.00 .16

1.59

.34

06

' 04

.01

.07    .08

24

46

OmWOi

■sj

25

26

.76    .08

31

27

T.

.02

.39

1.57

.31

1.23

.05

.01    .23

29

31

.26

.21 .18

.02

.04

CO -CO • CD o • O • too*

HJH

1.81    .54 3.16    3.88 4.77 10.35    6.82    6.38    5.71    4.19    2.69    3.13

a Precipitation observed at 8 a. m., and credited to day of observation.

JOHNSTON BROOK NEAR DEERFIELD, N. Y.

Johnston brook, a small torrential stream having a drainage area of 0.79 square mile, forms one of the tributaries of Reel’s creek, which enters the Mohawk at Utica. The surface soil is heavy and impervious and is nearly all sod covered, forming pasture land. It is underlain by shale rock at a slight depth. There is very little surface run-off during the summer season and the amount of ground - water supplied to the stream is small.

A gaging weir was erected near the mouth of the stream in 1903 and observations were continued until the end of May, 1905. The drainage area above the gaging weir is shown on the Utica sheet of the United States Geological Survey topographic atlas. The precipitation at Deerfield reservoir, adjacent to this drainage basin, is shown in the accompanying table.

Information concerning this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 212; 125, pp. 41-42.

Discharge, daily: 97, p. 212; 125, p. 43.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 212; 125, p. 44.

DAY.

Daily Discharge, in Second-feet, of Johnston Brook, near Deerfield, N. Y.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. April. May.

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May.

1905.

••

10

11

12

13.

14

15

16

COtOtOtOrf^COtOtOH-i

COf-^CnOOMOOOO^tOrf^ QOtOH-‘i—

2.77

82

! 82

1.15

.57

0.64 17. .52 18. .52 19. .83 20. .57 21. .92 22. 1.99 23.

.92 24. 1.51 25. .82 26. .57 27. .64 28. .52 29.

30. .

31

I—¹ to to H-* t—‘

00    4^ CO CO

CO CO CO

HHH

0.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

.13

Oi tO CO CO © Ct tO M

©    •    • ©    ©    X lO    -NCONOO^N

CO    •    ■ t-h    CM CM    • © CM © CO CM ©

0.42

.34

.30 . . .

1.20

1.51

.82

.52

47

:.37

.20

.30

1.15

.74

52 .

42

211

27

24

37

27

24

27

20

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Johnston Brook, near Deerfield, N. Y. [Drainage area, 0.79 square mile.]

Discharge in Second-feet.

Run-off.

Rainfall.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet per square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

Inches.

1905.

January (24 days)

February......

March (28 days).. April (28 days)... May (24 days)....

2.12

.13

6.26

4.70

1.99

0.13

0.417

.13

130

13

!30

.20

1! 36 1.57

.601

0.528

.164

0.471

1.93

1.72

1.99

.761

.171

1.79

2.07

.679

1.34

2.26

3.69

3.48

Precipitation at Deerfield Reservoir, near Deerfield, N. Y.a

' DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July.5 Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

(c)

0.08

T.

dO. 83

0.02

1.18 0.09    0.21

0.08

tO i—i

t-.°

oo

18

.33    .04

24

11

1.44    0.83

0.20

2.22

.78

10

98

1.52

.18

.18

35    .06

20

54

.52 T. .98    .40

.64

’ 03

.32

.25

.11

41

'.02

10

.45

11

12

.35    .31

.35    .08

41

.25

02 T

17

oi

tc

T.

13

.12

14

15

.25 (e)

.64 .71 1.46 .82 .04 .71

.06

16

17

.12

19

>o©

.21 .01

18

19

20

.23

42

79

50

T.

1.11

!44    .62 dl',70    .23

1.05

.18

Hi. . . r*. h.

‘ H-i ©    ©

©    05

10

"02

T.

.01

a Rainfall is credited to day on which it fell or day preceding measurement. b No record.

c No record January 1-7, inclusive. d Mean of Savage and Graefenburg reservoirs used e No record May 14-20, inclusive.

Precipitation at Deerfieli Reservoir, near D :erfidi, N.Y.—(Concluded).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July. Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec

1905.

22

23

.12

(a)

.65

1.32 fc. .02

.13

.17

14

.52

19

.32

24

. 25

26

5.22

.41

it -17

06

02

.14

.02

27

.17

.41

T.

01

2.s

.05

.06

.44

.15

.07

.16

.19

.15

1.07

-02

11 .03

.63

.06

T.

.18

T.

24

1.93

1.34

2.26

3.69

1.78

3.48

5.53

5.89

7.19

4.76

3.05

4.29

WEST CANADA CREEK AT TWIN ROCK BRIDGE, NEW YORK.

West Canada creek rises in West Canada lakes,, in southwest-central Hamilton county, and flows southwestward, then southeastward into the Mohawk at Herkimer, N. Y. The drainage area is shown on the Utica, Little Falls, Remsen, Wil-murt, Old Forge and Canada Lakes sheets of the United States Geological Survey topographic atlas. There are about fifty small lakes and a few undrained ponds in the watershed of the stream, most of them situated near the head waters and above the gaging station, the largest single water-surface being Honnedaga lake, 1.4 square miles in extent. There is also a small amount of controllable storage in reservoirs formed by three dams. Swamps and marshes are numerous in the region of the head waters, usually adjoining lakes and tributaries, and having an extent of one-half square mile or less each. Much of the region above the gaging station is timber covered, and there are extensive sand areas in the central and upper drainage basins. The soil of the upper watershed is underlain by granitic gneiss, usually at or near the surface, except in alluvial valleys. From a point just above Twin Rock bridge down-stream beyond Trenton Falls the underlying geologic formation is Trenton limestone.c

Compacted snow accumulates in the woodlands in winter, often to a depth of 3 or 4 feet, representing an inch of water for each 5 or 6 inches of snow. This melts slowly, feeding the stream in March and April, so that these months may show a run-off greatly exceeding the precipitation.

A current-meter gaging station was established September 7,1900, a t Twin Rock bridge, by R. E. Horton. The drainage area of the creek at this point is 364 square miles; above Trenton Falls, 375 square miles.

The bed of the stream is gravel and cobble. The bridge is 167.5 feet long between abutments, and consists of two spans. The entire flow passes beneath at all stages. In winter the stream becomes completely ice covered, requiring special discharge measurements.

A gage board is attached to the up-stream side of the right-hand abutment, the coping of the abutment over the gage being used as a bench mark. The gage is read twice each day by George Rood, and the record is furnished by the Utica Gas and Electric Company. Elevation, 15.50 feet above gage datum.

a No record January 22-29, inclusive.

b Mean of Savage and Graefenburg reservoirs used.

c For geologic description of Trenton Falls, see Prosser, C. S., and Cummings, E. R., Rept. New York State Museum, 1895, pp. 619-628.

At the Trenton Falls dam, tests by weir to determine the discharging capacity of the turbines, which are of a special Swiss design, have been made by the power company, and observations taken at this dam during the freshet season have been used to complete and extend the gaging record at Twin Rock bridge.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 47, p. 49; 65, pp. 153-154; 82, p. 87; 97, pp. 196-197; 125, pp. 46-47.

Discharge: 47, p. 39; 65, p. 154; 82, p. 88; 97, p. 197; 125, p. 48.

Discharge, daily: 97, pp. 200-203; 125, p. 49.

Discharge, flood: 65, p. 155.

Discharge, monthly: 97, pp. 204-205; 125, p. £0.

Gage heights: 47, p. £0; 65, p. 154; 82, p. 88; 97, p. 198; 125, p. 48.

Rating table: 97, p. 199.

Discharge Measurements of West Canada Creek, at Twin Rock Bridge, New York.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

April 27......

August 27a. ■ ■ August 28a.. . August 30a. . . October 11a. . November 155 November 176

Beebe and Weeks. •. Horton and Weeks. Weeks and Wood. .

H. H. Halsey......

D. L. Mott........

D. L. Mott........

D. L. Mott........

Feet.

M'.s

158

ICO

162

162

168

168

Square feet. 1,232

Ft. per second. 4.06

Feet.

6.18

Second-feet.

5,004

290

312

375 ! 644 580 !

.76

.58

220

.73

.78

229

.85

.96

1.12

1.41

1.00 1 02 2.10 2.10

307

.".id

719

- IS

a Log jam below bridge; also obstruction on pier.

6 Log jam below bridge.

The results of gagings of West Canada creek at Twin Rock bridge, N. Y., during 1905 will be found on pages 588-591.

WEST CANADA CREEK AT EAST BRIDGE, NEW YORK.

This station was established May 15, 1905. It is located on the bridge opposite the railway station at Kast bridge, New York, about 4 miles along the stream above the mouth of the creek at Herkimer. The drainage area at this point is 574 square miles, or 58 per cent greater than at Twin Rock bridge.

This portion of the basin is underlain by Hudson river and Trenton shales. The topography is moderately rolling. The soil is ordinarily rather impervious and usually under culture. The precipitation and snow storage are considerably less than in the upper part of the drainage area.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge to which the gage tape is attached. The initial point for soundings is the top face of the left abutment, down-stream side. A tape and reel gage is used.

A gage chain is fastened to the up-stream hand rail of the bridge 100 feet from the left abutment. The length of the chain from the end of the weight to the marker is 49.80 feet. During 1905 the gage was read twice each day by Lloyd Kast. Gage readings at this station are paid for by the State of New York. The bench mark is on the down-stream corner, nearest the water, on the plate of the bridge on the left-hand abutment, down-stream side; elevation, 48.53 feet above the gage datum.

Discharge Measurements of West Canada Creek, at Kast Bridge, New York.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

April 26......

May 9........

May 15.......

July 8........

August 27.... August 31.... October 7... . November 14..

Beebe and Weeks. Beebe and Mills... Swancott & Weeks Beebe and Mills...

C.    A. Cockroft.... Cockroft & Halsey

D.    L. Mott.......

D. L. Mott.......

Feet.

196

196

168

irx

17X

195

Square feet. 922

551

611

513

264

388

368

583

Ft. per second.

4.81 3.28 2.60 2.73 1.32 1.77

1.82 3.02

Feet.

30.68

29.57

29.39

29.44

28.26

28.78

28.67

29.74

Second-feet.

4,438

1,819

1,332

1,403

688

511 I

1,763

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of West Canada Creek, at Kast Bridge, New York.

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

is

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

2X

29

:: I

DAY.

1905.

May.

29.5

29.23

29.43

29.17

29.57

29.37

29.1

29.27

29.03

29.87

29.93

28.77

29.05

29.15

28.97

29.0

28.97

June.

28.83 28.77 28.75

28.77 29.67 29.13 29.37

29.97 29.87

29.37 29.23

29.77 29.43 29.5 29.07 29.03

28.97

30.37 30.15 30.53 30.2 31.25 30.45 29.73 29.13 31.35

30.83 30.55 29.7 29.57

July. Aug.

29.23

32.1

32.7

31.45 30.4 29.87 29.43 28.93 29.03 29.03 28.73 28.77 28.85 29.23 29.43 29.05 28.9 29.17 29.13 29.75 29.3 28.9

28.8 28.77

28.73 28.8 28.63 28.47

28.45 28.55

29.73

tototototototototototototototocotototototototototototototototo

OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOCDCOOQOOOCOOOOOOOOOCCXOOOOOOOOOCOCO

<o^co©tootowcocDCDa>©i-Looi-‘oooo‘-^*<iCDa>C5©rfi.oocDMOOto

tO tO tO *xl CO GO CO COCdCdCO CO <|COCOM^lCD -4    CDM

Sept. Oct.

29.18

28.78

31.25

34.7 34.48 31.6

30.8 30.2

29.62 29.55 29.18 29.38 29.28 29.18 28.92 28.88 28.75 30.72 31.25 30.4 30.52

29.8 29.58 29.22 29.0 28.88 28.78 28.78

28.62 28.68

ocoooocoaococococooo^ocoSJoSooocDOoaooooooooooooooooo

eOCOCOOtO^CDCDQOtOCiOOOtOtOO^-vltO^CD^CDCDaiCiOOOH^OCiCD CDCD tOOOtO    OOOOtOCDtO OOCDCdCdOO CD Q0    CD

Nov.

Dec

COCOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOCOCOCOCOtOCOCOCOCO

h-‘r-‘CDCO©COCOOOOOOO©©COCOCOCOCO©CO©©OOl-*©COO©©0

4*.^co^^^>-»<ococ>tococo^^O!^ioia5,<icorf>.oo©w<o©^a>co 00 00 oo to to to to 00 to CD to CD CD 00 00 00 to CD to to 00 CD 00 to to to to

COOoS^©^©C5»OlO©OCOOOCO<0?SoOc!bicOCOOO’rfCoSHOc£cN§

©O5C0<Ni-H©©a>0iO5050505©00CCG00000000iO©05©0505C505©0i

CO<NCOCOCOCQCO(N<N<NfrJ<N<M<N<N<NC4<N<N<N<MCOCO<N<N<N(N<M<NCOC4

EAST CANADA CREEK AT DOLGEVILLE, N. Y.

This creek rises in Hamilton county, flows southward between Herkimer and Fulton counties, and joins the Mohawk at East creek. A portion of the stream and drainage basin is shown on the Little Falls and Lassellville sheets of the United States Geological Survey topographic atlas.

Observations are taken at High Falls, near Dolgeville, about 7 miles from the outlet of the stream. The gaging station is located at the dam of the Herkimer County Light and Power Company. The dam is of rubble masonry, 19 feet high, and has a flat crest 6 feet wide and 190.25 feet long between abutments. The elevation of the up-stream edge of the crest is 1 foot below that of the lip. The impounded water is conducted to the power house, 500 feet below the dam, through a wrought-iron flume 10 feet in diameter.

Readings of the depth on the crest are taken from a vertical gage board attached to the bulkhead, 6 feet up-stream, twice each day by Willard Hayward. The mean of the readings is used in computing the discharge. A record is also kept of the rim of the water-wheels and the elevation of water in the tail-race. The record since January 1, 1903, has been computed from a discharge curve based on the United States Geological Survey experiments on a full-sized model of the dams, made at Cornell University. The flow through the turbines for this period has also been computed from current-meter measurements, made in the tail-race of the electric-power plant instead of from the manufacturers’ rating tables for the water-wheels, as formerly. The turbines are of a special Victor cylinder-gate type. The two main wheels are each 36 inches in diameter, and their speed is controlled by Lombard governors.

Spruce creek, the principal tributary of East Canada creek, enters 1 mile above Dolgeville, and drains an area of 50 square miles. Water is diverted from this creek and from Beaver creek, one of its tributaries, at Diamond Hill, and is carried to Little Falls through a vitrified conduit, 9 miles long. The water-supply of Dolgeville is taken from Cold brook, a tributary of East Canada creek. No allow-• ance for diversion of water-supply has been made in computing the run-off for East Canada creek.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following publications of the United States Geological Survey (Ann=Annual Report; WS=Water-Supply Paper):

Description: WS. 35, p. 52; 47, pp. 55-57; 65, pp. 158-159; 82, p. 89; 97, p. 195; 125, pp. 50-51.

Discharge: WS. 47, pp. 39, 56-57; 65, p. 159; 82, p. 89.

Discharge, daily: WS. 35, p. 52; 47, pp. 57-58; 65, p. 161; 82, p. 90; 125, pp. 51-52.

Discharge, flood: WS. 65, p. 160.

Discharge, low-water: WS. 65, p. 161.

Discharge, monthly: Ann. 21, iv, p. 68; 22, iv, p. 96; WS. 35, p. 24; 65, p. 161; 82, p. 91; 97, p. 196; 125, p. 53.

Gage heights: WS. 97, p. 195.

Hydrographs: Ann. 21, iv, p. 68; 22, iv, p. 97.

Rainfall data: WS. 97, p. 196.

Water-powers: WS. 65, p. 160.

The results of gagings of East Canada creek at Dolgeville during 1905 will be found on pages 599-602.

SCHOHARIE CREEK AT PRATTSVIILE, N. Y.

Schoharie creek above Prattsville drains a rugged, mountainous area, almost entirely wooded. The watershed, 243 square miles in extent, lies wholly within Greene county. Rocks of the Catskill formation, chiefly sandstones and conglomerates, lie at or near the surface over most of the area. The basin is surrounded by nearly continuous mountain ranges, and intervening ridges divide the main stream from its principal tributaries, Batavia kill, East kill and West kill.

A gaging station was established November 7, 1902, at the highway bridge in the village of Prattsville, by C. C. Covert.

The bridge has a single span of 185 feet. In extreme low water the current underneath the bridge is sluggish, and meter measurements are made by fording the stream a short distance below the bridge.

A standard chain gage is attached to the steel floor beams of the bridge on the up-stream side; length of chain, 25.74 feet. Gage readings are taken each morning and evening by James Brennan. The gage datum is referred to the United States Geological Survey bench mark—a circle marked on a boulder at the right-hand end of the bridge on the down-stream side; elevation, 1,151.00 feet. Elevation of gage z ero, 1,130.0 3 feet.

The great freshet of October 9-11,1903, apparently changed the stream bed and cross-section in the vicinity of the gage. Measurements made during 1904 and 1905 have been applied toward the construction of a new rating curve.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, pp. 95-96; 97, pp. 191-192; 125, p. 54.

Discharge: 82, p. 96; 97, p. 192; 125, p. 54.

Discharge, daily: 25, pp. 57-58.

Discharge, monthly: 125, p. 59.

Gage heights: 82, p. 96; 97, pp. 193-194; 125, p. 55.

Rating table: 125, p. 56.

Discharge Measurements of Schoharie Creek, at Prattsville, N. Y.

DATE.

Ilydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 11a... August 11a...

C. C. Covert. C. C. Covert

Feet.

32

32

Square feet. 20.5 21.2

Ft. per second. 1 .40 1.39

Feet.

4.20

4.20

Second-feet.

28.6

29.4

a Wading below bridge.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Schoharie Creek, at Prattsville, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

2.

5.4

5.4

3.

4.

5.

5.4

6.

6.2

6.2

7.

8.

9.

10

11

12

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19

20

21

22.

7.

23.

24.

26

27

29

30 ......

31 ......

OOOOOOOOOOO-HtOMWtMO^OiOJ^OWOtO

Cn GO Cn

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.07

5.04

4.98

4.96

4.96

4.96

4.96

4.96

4.91

4.91

^00-^M<J05O05Cn0i05-^00 054^4^4^CnCn0i0iCnC7i4^4^^4^4^4^4^4^

SHNjtoOOOMCOCn'l^OSlOWOOOO^^^O^OOOCDOOOO Cn M Or    Cr»Q04^>-t—¹4^4^’-a05Q5^ 05 05 05»—>4^0^05 05 05 05 051—*

. >£.    4*. Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn Cn 05 05 05 Cn Cn Cn 05 05 Cn Cn 05 05 05

•    OOOOMOOOOOOOtOtOH-tOCO^CSOS^OOitOCnOSOtOtOO^OtOOO

•    to to O to Cn CO CO Cn CO CO Cn__Cnoi CO Cn Cn CO M Cn Cn

• tOtOUDCOCOOCkj^45k4-k^COtC>COCOCOC04^0iCOCOtOC04^4^COtOCOtOCOCO

co co co cc

cd ^ co to to to 00

g;b.h.‘o.'o>g^gc>og<igg»ob,^aggggoegbMgo.§g

Vlo!tn00 00oitooiiooooot':>to⁰⁰to»oit0§iC³oioooobO£noot''oo

05 4^

gM>^Cn0T0i*.^j05*j^0l0itnOi-‘0T0503fflC3O'JC30'0i0>g0SC5

lO

(MOO

OOOCOOOOOtObOMtOOOOOOOMOGOCObOH-fcOtOCOCO^OtOOM

Note.—River frozen entirely across as far as the rifts from January 23 to March 18, except for narrow channel of open water, March 10-18. During the frozen period gage heights are to the surface of the water in a hole in the ice.

The following comparative readings were also made;

DATE.

Water-

surface.

Top of ice.

Thickness of ice.

January 23.. January 31.. February 10 February 15 March 3.....

Feet.

Feet.

eet.

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.1

5.0

5.2

5.2

5.2

5.15

5.1

otoootto

Station Rating Table for Schoharie Creek, at Prattsville, N. Y., from January 1 to December 31,

1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 5.00

5.10

Second-feet.

18

2'N

42

61

85

125

165

I’M-,

245

285

345

Feet.

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

6.10

6.20

Second-feet.

405

465

525

585

66 ;

741

819

897

975

1,070 1,170

Feet.

6.30

6.40

6.50

6.60

6.70

6.80

6.90

7.00

7.10

7.20

7.30

Second-feet. 1,270 1,370 1,470 1,600 1,720 1,850 1,970 2,100 2,260 2,360 2,540

Feet.

7.40

7.50

7.60

7.70

7.80

7.60

8.00

8.10

8.20

8.30

Second-feet.

2,680

2,830

2.960 3,150 3,300 3,460 3,620 3,760

3.960 4,130

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1904 and 1905. It is well defined between gage heights 4.1 feet and 8 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits. Above 4.4 feet the table is the same as for 1904.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Schoharie Creek, at Prattsville, N. Y. [Drainage area, 240 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905. January 1-22.. March 18-31.. .

Anril.........

May..........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September

October.......

November.... December.....

4,045

5,610

1,910

297

990

201

117

44

245

2,540

2,610

6 17

2,990

647

201

56

29

15

29

7.:

52

73

173

2,580

69:;

84.2 51.7 26.1

69.3

321

285

138

534

4.00

10.75

2.89

3.27

5.60

3.22

.351

.215

.109

.289

1.34

1.19

.575

2.22

.405

.240

.126

1.50 1 .37

6 12

2.56

Note.—Ice conditions, January 23 to March 17; no estimate.

CATSKILL CREEK AT SOUTH CAIRO, N. Y.

The basin of this stream receives the run-off from the north slope of the Catskill range and lies, for the most part, in the timbered highlands of Greene county. The slopes are precipitous, there are no lakes, and the amount of artificial storage is small. The underlying rock formation is chiefly Devonian shale. The topography of the area is shown on the Durham, Coxsackie and Catskill sheets of the

United States Geological Survey topographic atlas. The stream flows over a rock bed through much of its course and enters tide-water of Hudson river at Catskill.

The gaging station was established July 4, 1901, and is located at the highway bridge in village of South Cairo.

The stream channel is rock, covered in some places with earth. The bridge has a single span of 194.5 feet between abutments.

The stage of the stream is observed each morning and night from a standard chain gage which is attached to the bridge and the elevation of which is referred to a circle near the outer corner on the up-stream side of the bridge seat on the right-hand abutment. The elevation of the bench mark is 21.29 feet above gage datum.

The erection of a dam a short distance below the gage for purposes of boating necessitated withholding a portion of the record for 1904. This dam was removed in the spring of 1905, and the discharge for 1905 has been calculated from the rating table as formerly used.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 65, p. 61; 97, pp. 178-179; 82, pp. 109-110; 125, p. 60.

Discharge: 65, p. 62; 82, p. 110; 97, pp. 179-180;. 125, p. 60.

Discharge, daily: 97, pp. 186-188; 125, p. 62.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 189; 125, p. 63.

Discharge, winter: 65, p. 63.

Gage heights: 65, p. 62; 82, pp. 110, 111; 97, pp. 181-183; 125, p. 61.

Rating tables: 97, pp. 184-185; 125, p. 62.

Water-powers: 65, p. 62.

Discharge Measurements of Catskill CreeJc, at South Cairo, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 10a... August 10a.. .

• C. C. Covert C. C. Covert

Feet.

23

39

Square feet.

It,

Ft. per second. 0.52

.28

Feet.

2.11

2.12

Second-feet.

8.5

9.9

a Wading below bridge.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Catskill Creek, at South Cairo, N. Y.

DAY.

I I 'U j    I

Jan. Feb. j Mar. j April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov. | Dec.

1905.

CD 00 <1 05 CD ^ CO to

10

}l

la

12

la

le

0i005^tn05t00i^c7i00iwt04^0000

Or Ox___bO 00    _____CD

C*3eOM<N<N<NOq<NINCOMCOCOCCCOCOCO

88 SjisTSS g « N S S « 8888

COCOCOfOCOCOCOCOCOCCCOCOfOCOCOCOCO

tOtOWtOlOtOtOWtOWlNStOtNSU'tObOtO

ioobobobboHHMHHtoKiM

cototototototobototototototsowto¹—⁴

lOlO

oo

oi-'tsgjboo^.’^.i^.cnwgooioai^gj

i>t-5o«5sotosoi'-®Sotocoiou§£§3

<nei in’ ei ci <n <m « e« <n ci cq ei ci e* in <n

OOOCOt-O^^^^^OOOOO

.................

CO(Nt^CDCOCOCOCCCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO(N

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Catskill Creek, at South Cairo, N. Y.—(Concluded).

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

is

J9

20

oo a co

21

22

23

24

25

27

28

29 ......

30 ......

31 ......

COCO£k.4^£t^COGOCOCOCOCO£t£k.

bocobrf*.^bcoboobo<i

Ox    Ox

CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO • •

•    • o o o o o I-" o h-*    bo i

•    • GO GO 00 00 CO CD CO 00 CO

3.87

8.42

3.81

6.21

5.17 4.67

4.17 4.42

9.32

8.32 8.82 7.49 8.37 7.97

6.79 .

3.71

3.66

3.66

3.56

3.46

3.34

3.27

3.26

3.26

3.21

3.16

3.06

tototototototobotototgtototo

H‘MHI—‘MMtOWCOW^^^OT 05 o -4 Ox 00 00 CO

2.04

2.12

2.14

2.18

2.34

2.9

2.64

2.44 2.39 2.54

2.45 2.44 2.44

1.89 1.89 1.94 1.94 1.94

1.84 1.89 1.92 1.89 1.88

1.85 1.85 1.94 2.09

2.78

2.9

2.92

2.5

2.5

3.3

3.5

2.5

2.82

2.85

2.28

2.25

2.21

2.2

2.2

2.2

2.18

2.18

2.2

2.35

3.3

3.2

3.4

3.15

3.0

2.88

2.68

2.6

2.6

2.5

2.46

3.55

2.5

2.8

3.5

3.35

3.19

3.19

3.05

2.95

2.78

2.78

2.78

2.78

2.75

2.49

2.48

2.48

2.4

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.55

3.08

3.82

3.95

3.94

3.76

3.45

3.35

3.14

3.0

3.58

3.7

3.28

Note.—Creek frozen entirely across from January 20, approximately, to March 4, except for narrow channel under gage. Open channels on each side appeared March 4 and lasted till ice went out March 19. During the frozen period the gage was read to the surface of the water.

The following comparative readings were also made:

DATE.

Water-

surface.

Top of ice.

Thickness of ice.

February 4 . February 11 February 18 February 25 March 4_____

Feet.

CO CO CO CO CO

Feet.

3.7

35

3.4

3.2

Feet.

©►-‘COCOH

Station Rating Table for Catskill Creek, at South Cairo, N. Y., from July 4, 1601, to December 31

1605.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

I Gage height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

1.80

Second-feet. \

coootobototctotototoboto>

(i

Hi

12

10

20

::u

40

80

(0

10

14

16

20

21

28

37

45

55

72

vs

^.^^.^^WCOCOCOCOCOGOGO,*'

&S8S8§83§§S§8*

Co

Cb

4^4^jxCOCOtOtObOK-i(—»i—it—»

cO^OOiOs^mOoOiCOIOO^

ooooooooooooo

ooooooooooooo

.............

^0CDNNNNNOOOOOOOOOOO

Cq

Cb

©OOiOi^^COCOCOtOtOtOtO

OiO^OOiH'M^OOOOiCO¹— COMCOt—‘OJMChOCitOOitOO^. O^OO^tOOOOO^tOOOOCJ-

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1601-1905. It is well defined between gage heights 2.5 feet and 7 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits, being based on one measurement at 8.65 feet.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Catskill Creek, at South Cairo, N. Y. [Drainage area, 263 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

ieo5.

January 1-19. March 19-31..

April.........

May..........

June.........

July..........

August.......

September.. . .

October......

November.... December....

3,250 7,56 7 1,497

243

386

82

1,057

3,252

493

4.02

12.36

1.87

2.84

5.98

2.09

I,;,

i-.::

15

22

13

72

11

30.7 21.1

12.7 20.2

.117

,0:0

135

!089

2,494

712

26

24

180

100

048

.017

.055

.089

.684

.763

.380

.438

s.5

-O

34.7

.132

.147

2,217

55

216

.821

.946

Note.—No estimates during frozen period.

ESOPUS CREEK AT KINGSTON, N. Y.

Esopus creek has its source in northwestern Ulster county and enters Hudson river near Saugerties. Between Olivebridge and Kingston it passes successively over the shales of the Ithaca and Hamilton series. The course of the upper portion of the stream is southeastward; at Binnewater it encounters the Onondaga limestone barrier and turns abruptly to the' northeast, following the western margin of this formation closely to Glen Erie, where it breaks over the Onondaga and the sandstones of the Oriskany and Helderberg series, forming precipitous falls. Finally at Saugerties it cuts through the easily eroded Hudson river shales making its descent to tide-water level of the Hudson in an abrupt fall of about 40 feet.

In general the notable falls in the stream occur at the transition from one geologic formation to another, as follows:

Falls in Esopus Creek.

LOCATION.

Formation.

From—

To—

Approxi

mate

fall.

Olivebridge Glen Erie.. Saugerties..

Catskill.... Onondaga. Helderberg

Ithaca.......

Oriskany.....

Hudson river

Feet.

28

56

40

Between Binnewater and Saugerties, a distance of about 20 miles, the course of the creek lies parallel to that of Hudson river, though the two streams flow in opposite directions. At Kingston the creek is 2.5 miles from the Hudson and at an elevation of 140 feet above tide.

A gaging station was established July 5, 1901, at the Washington street bridge over Esopus creek at Kingston.

The channel is straight at the point of gaging, but curves a short distance above and below. The right bank is subject to overflow during high water, but at ordinary and low stages the flow is all confined in one channel.

A standard chain gage is attached to the bridge; length of chain, 31.04 feet. The gage is read twice each day by John Douglas. The bench mark is a cut on the up-stream corner of the right-hand abutment; elevation, 31.73 feet above the datum of the gage.

In winter and at times when the stream was more or less obstructed by ice special discharge measurements have been made, from which a rating curve applicable to periods when the stream is frozen has been derived. This gives a discharge considerably smaller at a given stage of the stream than is indicated by a regular rating curve for the cross-section derived from measurements in open section.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of th'e United States Geological Survey:

Description: 65, pp. 63-64; 82, pp. 107; 97, pp. 165-166; 125, pp. 66-67.

Discharge: 65, p. 64; 82. p. 103; 97, pp. 166-168; 125, p. 67.

Discharge: daily, 97, pp. 174-175; 125, p. 69.

Discharge, monthly: 65, p. 65; 97, pp. 175-176; 125, p. 69.

Gage heights: 65, p. 64; 82, pp. 107, 109; 97, pp. 168-170; 125, p. 67.

Rating tables: 97, pp. 171-173; 125, p. 68.

Water-powers: 65, p. 66.

Discharge Measurement of Esopus Creek, at Kingston, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 13... .

C. C. Covert

Feet.

7s

Square feet. 156

Ft. per second.

0.30

Feet.

3.82

Second-feet.

46.6

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Esopus Creek, at Kingston, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

7.72

7.56

7.78

10

11

12

7.55

7.18

7.32

10.85

12.9

10.9 9.72 8.95 8.75

13

14

.45

.15

15

.12

16

17

18

.89

19

.5

20

.5

.5

21

.12

22

23

.45

24

.2

25

.25

26

.38

27

.1

28

.52

OiOtCnCHOtCnOtOtOtOiCnCnOtOiOtOiOiOtOtOiCnOiOtOtCnCHOiOi

coco oo

CO to JO

OOC5C5<IOOOO<I<IMOOMOOCOOOOOCOCOCOCOCOCOC totocn to    04 OOtO to to 0404 toe

29

.42

30

.3

31......

.2 .

h-j¹ >—i ►—> h-¹ h—‘ ‘I—*    ‘-‘HHHH

t0C0t0t0t0>-lH-c0Ot0t0 4*‘t0C5C5C5C505C504C5C5040404040404040404 C5CO4xtOtOC5COO4H-‘O4tOO4H-‘XtOtOC0 00 a4COCOC5M4^C0COCO4^4»>O4O4

to 04 04 to Q0O4O4MQ0O4Q0O4tOtOQQO4OlCn C5 04    04 to X 04 04 _04

04 04 0404O104O4C5C5C5C5C5C5C5MMM0D00MM00 00 00C000C090C0O

C5C5C5MMGCCOOlOCOCOOiC5CDM^*sjOM05C5C5b-l0004^tOOOC5CO _GO_04Q0 00 04t004 tOQOOiQOQOQO to    >—¹ 04 tO 04    JO 04 04 tO

^».4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^4^ 04 0445k4^044k.04C40404040404Cn0404

’ 2«8'e8ggg~

Of 04 C5 C5

X 40 x 40

*0 rfl Tf Tt< CO

oj cqioo5toooo5coa> cnochn XXt^t>t^CCCOt'-XXt^Xt^COX COTt^^CO'^CO'^TtiCO^COT^COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO

eOOOOOcOOOcOOcOtOCOO CO 4^ to >-*04 to 04 JO 00 00    4^-Cn

CO 00

^ COCO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CC CO ^ ^ Tf 00 CO CO CO CO CO CO 00 00 CO CO CO CO

4.25

4.02

7.46

14.68

11.2

8.32

7.92

6.38 5.86

5.38

5.:;

7.2

7.42

6.65

f, 2

5.89

5.74

6.15

6.9

6.6

7.35

6.72

6.3

5.96

5.52

5.38

6.3

5.14

5.06

£tOt0^4^C5MOCCOO:ocOC5 M'CO ^CncOXMCO^OiOiCiMOOOH-QOQO OOQOtO OOtOH^h-JtOJOOO C5 00 tO 00 tOQOQO tO 04 GO 04 QOtO i— GO

C5MC5C5C5C5C5C500MOOMCOCOOOCOOOO 04 CO to C5 OOtOtOOOOOi—

tOtOtOCStOOOO^tO 00 Or tO 4^- JO tO 4>- tO

C5MC5C5C5C5C5MMCOC5CnOiOiO4O4O4OtC5C5C5MC5MM00COt-l00MC5

O4>-‘C5OtO4^C5O4^O4M4^O54>.MQ0CDCO>—‘4^COMCOCOM4^04MQOh-*QO

CO 00 CO i—‘ ¹ Or t0000400t0t0c00000c5t0t0040«t000t0 Ot to to

Note.—Creek frozen over January 1 to March 19. Thickness of ice increased from 0.7 foot to 1.5 feet. Gage heights are to the surface of the water in a hole cut in the ice.

Station Rating Table for Esopus Creek, at Kingston, N. Y., from July 5, 1901, to December 31,

1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

hSght. Discharge.

Feet.

3.50

3.60 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40

4.50

4.60

Second-feet.

22

36

19

77

94

110

127

1 13

160

180

Feet.

4.70

4.80 4.90 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.30 5.40 5.50 5.60

5.70

5.80

Second-feet.

200

220

240

260

285

::n9

334

07. s

oso

412

441

469

Feet.

5.90

6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80

vy,

Second-feet.

498

527

7.96

667,

741

823

907.

997.

1,085

1,179

1,276

M M I—¹ I—* M M H    Sj

Cn^MMHOOOCOOOOO^

boooboibaiocob?-

00000000000

cotoooco^ootoooco^

OOCnOOOtOOiOOW

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1901-1905. It is well defined between gage heights 3.8 feet and 11 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits, being based on two measurements above 11 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Esopus Creek, at Kingston, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July.! Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

787

707

787

707

575

641

10

11

12

13

14

2,518

3,856

2,587

1,804

1,348

1.245

2.246 1.456

15

’955

16

97..-.

17

18

848

624

19

624

624

22

516

23

475

24

342

25

287

26

197

217

27

163

28

247

‘t—‘i—‘I—*1—*1—*H-‘h-‘t—‘i—‘H-ih-iH-il—‘I—‘H-Al—¹

OOOOOOOOtsOtOOO^H-H-tOtOtOtOfcOtO^^tOW^tOtOrf^OiO

QOQOQOCn^OO^^tOtOtOOOOOOOOOOMOiOCOO^W

81 3,360 74 2,350 67 1,820 67 1,510 52 1,610 45 1,990 52 1,820 59 1,450 163 1,710 146 1,200 197 1,180 267 1,430 410 1,380 365 1,270 365 1,120 342    986

412

383

::ys

334

309

304

322

285

280

244

272

27.6

240

267,

236

130 70 127 84 127 127 114 123

110

74

342

884

252

227

197

180

489 774 4,390 708 6,890 631 4,575 648 4,900 603 2,720 544 2,310 521 3,755 492 4,025 455 4,530 441 4,530 412 4,670 412 6,230 435 4,910 .......

256

240

210

190

190

180

180

160

.....

176

152

157

135

94

48

7.2

304 j

56

60

Mean..

934    122 2,000 1,138    245    116    62

59    950    5011    292

28,94213,419 62,008 34,146 7,590 3,483 1,922! 1,832 28,510jl5,523) 8,776 .....

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Esopus Creek, at Kingston, N. Y. [Drainage area, 324 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

January.....

February. . . .

March.......

April........

May.........

June........

July.........

August......

September.. .

October.....

November. . . December...

The year

3,856

163

163

88

934

122

6,873

3,375

492

-•(10

127

153

6,977

3,260

1,179

4,088

6,977

15

412

135

74

29

33

80

127

iso

29

2,002

1,139

253*

116

62.3

59.0

95:;

504

1,007

620

2 NS

3.32

.377

.393

6.18

3.52

7.12

3.93

.781

.358

.192

182

2! 94 1.56

.904

3.11

1.92

.900

.399

.221

.210

3.28

1.80

1.01

3.58

26.16

Note.—During frozen period the discharge is taken from special rating curve for ice conditions.

WAPPINGER CREEK NEAR WAPPINGER FALLS, N. Y.

Wappinger creek rises in northern Dutchess county and flows south westward into Hudson river at New Hamburg. The drainage basin comprises a hilly plateau, 400 to 600 feet above tide, nearly rectangular in shape and including numerous lakes and marsh areas. Winding, branched tributaries gather the run-off from the numerous hills which dot the area. About 16 miles from the mouth of the stream the basin becomes much narrower and the differences of elevation are of less magnitude. The stream flows near the right-hand side of a valley, 3 to 4 miles in width, the slope being gradual to Wappinger Falls, where it makes a sudden descent to nearly tide-water level, the elevation of Wappinger pond being about 78 feet. The topography of the basin is shown on the Poughkeepsie, Rhinebeck, Millbrook and Clove sheets of the United States Geological Survey topographic atlas, from which the following drainage areas have been determined:

Drainage areas of Wappinger Creek.

Area.

POINT OF MEASUREMENT.

Place

to

place.

Total.

East branch Wappinger creek above Stamfordville East branch above junction with West branch....

West branch above mouth......................

Total area of East and West branches............

Wappinger creek above Van Wagners........,. ..

Wappinger creek above Central Falls.............

Wappinger creek above gaging station............

Wappinger creek above Wappinger Falls..........

Wappinger creek above mouth..................

Square miles. Square miles.

■I"

lu

67.4

33.8

107.4

33.8

141.2

33.

14.

4.

7.

13.7

175

189.7

194.4

202.2

215.9

But little power is developed on the stream. At Wappinger Falls a bleaching and dyeing establishment utilizes 22 feet fall.

The following comparative readings were also made:

A gaging station was established May 19, 1903, at the first highway bridge crossing Wappinger creek above the village of Wappinger Falls. The gaging record was discontinued July 1, 1905.

The channel is straight for about 250 feet above and 300 feet below the bridge. The bed of the stream is of sand and gravel, with some boulders. The bridge from which the gagings are made has two spans of 43.4 and 46.5 feet, respectively.

A graduated vertical scale attached to the central bridge pier was read twice each day by Lee Jackson. The bench mark is a spike in the root of a blazed tree on the south side of the road, 50 feet east of bridge; elevation above datum plane of gage, 9.19 feet.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 137; 125, p. 70.

Discharge: 97, p. 137; 125, p. 71.

Gage heights: 97, p. 138; 125, p. 71.

Discharge Measurement of Wappinger Creek, near Wappinger Falls, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 14. ...

C. C. Covert

Feet.

94

Square feet. 161

Ft. per second. 0.28

Feet.

0.15

Second-feet.

45.5

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Wappinger Creek, near Wappinger Falls, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

1905.

<M 00 (NIC iCINOOCOOO 00 >0 lO <N lO (N NHCOlO!»n(30t'COOO)00(DNONK5MN

COCOCOINMNCDOiON'N'N⁽roCCCOCOM(NN(NNC4(N(N<N<N(NINC<IM(N

2.1

2.1

2.1

2.1

1.65

1.6

1.6

1 .6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1 .6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1 .55

1.55

1.55

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1.5

1 .5

1.5

1.98 4 85 4.45

3.75

3.52

3.22

3.32

3.75

7.15

7.25

4.1

3.45

3.85

4.25

5.6

5.4

5.68

5.52

4.65

3.92

3.68

DATE.

Water-

surface.

Top of of ice.

Thickness of ice.

February 7.. February 11, February 14 February 18 February 2! February 28 March 8_____

Feet.

Feel.

Feet.

1.0

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.6

1.55

1.5

1.8

1.0

1.8

1 .0

X.S

1.8

1.8

1.8

1.0

1 .0

1.0

1.0

1.0

DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL AT CREEKLOCKS, N. Y.

The Delaware and Hudson canal runs parallel to Rondout creek from the feeder dam below High Falls to tide-water at Eddyville. The canal receives its entire water-supply from Rondout creek. The section from High Falls to Eddyville is the only portion of the canal remaining in operation in New York State. At Rosendale the canal carries a portion of the yield of Rondout creek past the gaging station.

In order to determine the run-off from the Rondout creek drainage basin, gagings of the flow in the Delaware and Hudson canal at the foot of the Rosendale level have been undertaken. The diversion to the canal, added to the measured discharge of Rondout gaging station, represents the total flow from the drainage basin.

The discharge of the canal was determined from observations of the depth of flow over the waste-weir, of the number of lockages, and of the opening of the lock-gates. Observations wTere made from June, 1901, to December, 1903, inclusive, and were resumed in December, 1905. The observations in 1905 have been made in co-operation with the New York water-supply commission.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, p. 113; 97, p. 152.

Discharge, daily: 97, p. 152.

Diversion from Rondout creek: 65, pp. 68-69; 82, p. 114; 97, p. 153.

RONDOUT CREEK AT ROSENDALE, N. Y.

This station was established July 6, 1901, at the highway bridge at Rosendale, discontinued November 7, 1903, and reestablished in December, 1905, in cooperation with the New York water-supply commission.

The Delaware and Hudson canal, now abandoned above High Falls, draws its water-supply for the section from High Falls to Eddyville from Rondout creek at the feeder dam above Rosendale. The flow' in the canal is, therefore, to be added to that at the gaging station to obtain the total run-off from the drainage area above this point.

The bed of the channel is composed of rock. The entire discharge, w'ith the exception of the diversion into the canal, passes under the highway bridge at all stages.

Discharge measurements are made from the bridge, except at low water, when they are made by wading at a ford 1 mile down-stream. The bridge has a single span of 136 feet.

Gage readings are made twice each day by means of a chain gage supported by outriggers fastened to the floor beams near the center of the down-stream side of the bridge. The bench mark is a circle cut in the up-stream corner of the bridge seat on the right-hand abutment. Its elevation is 32.03 feet above gage datum. The observer is Anna Huben.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 65, pp. 66-67; 82, p. Ill; 97, p. 153.

Discharge: 65, p. 68; 82, p. 112; 97, pp. 154-155.

Discharge, daily: 97, pp. 161-163.

Discharge, monthly: 97, p. 164.

Diversion from, to Delaware and Hudson canal: 82, p. 114.

Gage heights: 65, p. 68; 82, pp. Ill, 113; 97, pp. 156-158.

Rainfall data: 97, p. 164.

Rating table: 97, pp. 159-160.

Discharge Measurement of Rondout Creek, at Rosendale, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

August 14... .

C. C. Covert

Feet.

107

Square feet. 449

Ft. per second. 0.14

Feet. 1 Second-feet.

6.12

■ A-

Miscellaneous Measurements in Hudson River Drainage Basin.

The following discharge measurements have been made in the Hudson river basin in 1905:

Miscellaneous Discharge Measurements in the Hudson River Basin.

DATE

Stream.

Place.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

I’U.Y

Aug. 12 Aug. 14

Esopus creek. Walkill river.

Near Olivehridge At New Paltz...

C. C. Covert.... C. C. Covert ...

Feet.

136

111

Square feet.

177

599

Ft. per second. 2.80

Feet.

.19

.087

5.70

Second-feet. 49.5

115

PASSAIC RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Passaic river rises in Somerset and Morris counties, N. J. Above its confluence with Pompton river, its main tributary, it meanders through a flat country of Triassic red sandstone, to which in large measure must be attributed the turbidity of its waters. In contrast with the sluggish, muddy character of the Passaic, the Pompton is a rapid stream, and its waters are clear. It drains parts of Sussex, Passaic, Morris and other adjoining counties, and traverses for a large part of its course a country of hard crystalline rocks and heavy forests, the general level of which is several hundred feet above that of the Passaic. At their confluence the Pompton enters with a current which carries it well toward the right bank of the Passaic, and at times of flood causes much backwater in the lattei.

The flow of the Passaic is of special interest from the fact that several large cities in its drainage basin take their public supply from it, and because of the

valuable water-power privileges along its course, particularly at the City of Pater-Several cities, including Paterson and Passaic, throw their sewage into

son.

this stream, and in the lower part of its course it becomes so polluted as to be offensive to property holders along its banks, and to seriously interfere with the

comfort and health of the inhabitants of several towns.

The highest recorded flood which has occurred in this drainage basin was that of October, 1903. The flood began at 6.30 p. m., October 8, and lasted until midnight, October 18, the maximum height being reached at 9 p. m., October 10. There was a total rainfall of 11.74 inches between October 8 and 11. The estimated maximum discharge at the Dundee dam was 35,800 second-feet. This flood is fully described in Water-Supply Paper No. 92.

During 1905 the United States Geological Survey maintained gaging stations in this basin as follows:

Passaic river at Millington and near Chatham, N. J. Ramapo river near Mahwah, N. J.

Wanaque river near Wanaque, N. J.

RAMAPO RIVER NEAR MAHWAH, N. J.

This station was established February 10, 1903, by the United States Weather Bureau, by which it is maintained. It is located at a concrete-arch highway bridge, about 1 mile west of Mahwah, N. J.

The channel is straight for 300 feet above and 200 feet below the bridge. About 200 feet below the bridge there is a rift with about 1 foot fall. The right bank is low, and during high water the lowlands on this side of the river are flooded. The left bank is high, wooded, and not liable to overflow. The bed of the stream is composed of gravel and scattered boulders, and there is but one channel.

Discharge measurements are made from the up-stream side of the bridge to which the gage is attached. The bridge has a single span of 68 feet between abutments. The initial point for soundings is the end post of the hand rail on the left bank.

A standard chain gage is bolted to the hand rail on the down-stream side of the bridge. The length of the chain from the end of the weight to the marker is 20.65 feet. The gage is read once each day by M. F. Brooks. Bench mark No. 1 is a cross chiseled on the coping of the up-stream parapet wall at the left bank. Its elevation is 17.72 feet above gage datum. Bench mark No. 2 is a square chiseled on the edge of the coping 3.5 feet west of the gage pulley. Its elevation is 17.43 feet above gage datum.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 97, p. 229; 125, pp. 79-80.

Discharge: 82, p. 127; 97, p. 229; 125, p. 80.

Discharge, monthly: 125, pp. 81-82.

Gage heights: 97, p. 230; 125, p. 80.

Rating table: 125, p. 81.

Discharge Measurement of Ramapo River, near Mahwah, N. J.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905. June 23..

R. M. Packard.

Feet.

52

Square feet. .216

Ft. per second. 0.87

Feet.

3.68

Second-feet.

188

DAY.

1905.

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Ramapo River, near Mahwah, N. J.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

4^. 4*- 4^- CO

bbbb

3.1

3.4

3^3

3.3

3.3

10

11

12

13

14

15

If,

17

IS

19

20

21

22

23

25

20

C0C0C0C0C04^4»>4^4^4*4^4*,4^Cn4».0iCnO*<I0}

i—¹ -0 GO 00 O O OC^MlO^COOMM^OiWlO

3.1

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.3

3.3

3’8

4.1

4.4

4^3

4.1

4.1

4.0

4.0

4.1

4.3

5.5

6.4

0.1

27

28

29..

5.4

31

5.3

2.9

3.2

2.7

2.9

3.1

2.7

3.1

3.0

3.0

2^8

3.2

4.5

2.'8

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2*8

3.1

3.0

3.0

3.0

2.8

2.8

2.8

2*8

.2.8

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.6

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.7

2.S

2.7

2.7

2.7

3.4

3.1

3.0

2.9

2.9

2.8

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.0

2.8

2.8

2.7

2.7

5.0

4.2

:: 7

3.4

3.2

3.2

3.1

4.1

3.8

3.5

3.3

3.2

3.1

3.5

3.9

3^8

3.6

3.5

3.2

3.2

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.4

3.4

3.0

2.9

4.0

4.0

3.3

3.2

2 9    3.8

2.9    3.8

2.9

3.0

2.7

3.0

3.5

2.7

3.2

3.2

4.4

4.0

4.4

4.2

a Frozen.

Note.—January 5-6 and January 26 to February 22 river frozen entirely across; ice 0.9 to 1 foot thick; weekly readings to surface of water in hole in ice. February 23 to March 3 ice broke up and went out.

Station Rating Table for Ramapo River, near Mahwah, N. J., from January 1 to December 31

1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.""]

Feet.

2.60

2.70

2.80

2.90

3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

Second-feet.

Feet. 3.40 3.50 3.00 3.70 3.80 3.90 4.00 99    4.10

30

:::

46

56

ON

82

Second-feet.

119

142

167

19 I

224

257

293

331

Feet.

4.20

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90

Second-feet.

371

Second-feet.

743

4 13

850

456 500 | 546

593

641

691

901

1,075 1,191 1 ,310

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on six discharge measurements made during 1904-5 between gage heights 2.65 feet and 6 feet. It is fairly well defined between these limits.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Ramapo River, near Mahvoah, N. J. [Drainage area, 118 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905.

February 23-28

March.........

April.......

May...........

June..........

July...........

August........

September.....

October........

November.....

December......

119

82

106

1,560

743

119

224

167

119

743

371

456

796

99

119

46

46

24

24

30

...

37

670

342

79.5 74.7

44.5 41.3

158

109

71.3

257

0.899

5.68

2.90

.674

033

'.ZT7

.350

1.34

.924

.604

2.18

0.201

6.55

3.24

.777

.706

.435

.404

1.50

1.07

.674

2.51

Notf..—Ice conditions, January 1 to February 22; no estimates made.

DELAWARE RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Delaware river rises in Delaware, Greene and Schoharie counties, N. Y., the source of the main stream, which is commonly known as West branch, to distinguish it from the smaller East or Pepacton branch, being a small lake almost on the line of Schoharie and Delaware counties, at an elevation of 1,886 feet above tide. From this lake it flows southwestward across central Delaware county to Deposit, where it receives Oquaga creek, a large tributary draining eastern Broome county, and turns abruptly to the southeast, forming the boundary line between New York and Pennsylvania until Port Jervis is reached. Here it turns again to the southwest and flows for a distance of about 40 miles along the base of the Shawangunk range until it passes through the water gap, from which point it flows irregularly southward to Trenton. Below Trenton the course is in general southwestward to Delaware Bay. South of Port Jervis it forms the dividing line between Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and for a few miles between Delaware and NewVersey.

East branch rises at Grand Gorge in northeastern Delaware county, and flows parallel to West branch across southern Delaware county, uniting with the latter stream at Hancock.

The total length of the river from the mouth to the head of West branch is about 410 miles; its drainage area, measured at Philadelphia and including Schuylkill river is 10,100 square miles, of which about 2,580 square miles lie in New York, 5,720 in Pennsylvania, and 1,800 in New Jersey. The river is tidal to Trenton, which lies also at the head of navigation.

The upper drainage area is relatively long and narrow, with numerous short, lateral tributaries. From its head streams in New York it flows in a tortuous course through a deep, narrow trough in an elevated table land, the mean level of the plateau remaining nearly constant, the valley growing progressively deeper, and the river hills becoming higher and steeper. On leaving the plateau in Wayne and Pike counties, Pa., the river emerges into a broad, open valley, bordered on the west by fertile cultivated flats, behind which rise numerous rolling hills, and on the east by the forest-covered flanks of the Kittatinny mountains. Passing through the mountains by means of the celebrated water gap, it descends obliquely southward across the entire Appalachian valley to the point where it enters the South mountains below Easton. The topography of this portion of its course is marked by no striking features, the surface of the country being elevated only 100 or 200 feet above the stream. Between Easton and Trenton the river is bordered by an alternation of hills and narrow intervening valleys, while below Trenton it becomes a wide, tidal stream flowing between shores which are in many places only low banks of sand or gravel, and in others broad, slimy marshes covered with reeds and grass.

The fall of the river is rapid; the bed is principally gravel, sand, and boulders, and at many places rock, and the banks are generally high. The flow is extremely variable, and would no doubt be much more so were it not for the great number of lakes which are tributary to the stream from northern Pennsylvania and New Jersey as well as from New York. The influence of these lakes in moderating floods must be considerable.

The Delaware receives a number of important tributaries, among which may be mentioned Mongaup and Neversink rivers and Callicoon creek from New York; Lackawaxen, Lehigh, and Schuylkill rivers and numerous creeks from Pennsylvania, and Rancocas creek, Musconetcong river, and Maurice river from New Jersey.

Measurements of the flow of Delaware river were made during the last half of June, 1891, by Prof. Dwight Porter and students at Delaware Watergap, Pa. The results show a flow from 2,000 to 2,200 second-feet. This was said to be the lowest June stage for five years. Measurements were made during the drouth of 1895 by Prof. L. M. Haupt at Point Pleasant, Pa., near the intake of the Delaware and Raritan canal feeder. The discharge above the bridge was 1,657 second-feet and below the bridge 1,328 second-feet. The discharge was measured by E. G. Paul June 4, 1899, at Martins creek, Pa., 7 miles above the mouth of Lehigh river, and found to be 2,724 second-feet.

During 1905 the following gaging stations were maintained in the Delaware river basin by the United States Geological Survey:

West branch Delaware river at Hancock, N. Y.

East branch Delaware river at Hancock, N. Y.

Delaware river at Lambertville, N. J.

Musconetcong river near Bloomsbury, N. J.

In addition to the work at these stations measurements have been made for several years by Mr. John E. Codman, hydrographer of the water department of the City of Philadelphia, on the following streams in the vicinity of Philadelphia: Perkiomen, Tohickon, Neshaminy, and Wissahickon creeks, and Schuylkill river.

WEST BRANCH DELAWARE RIVER AT HANCOCK, N. Y.

This station was established October 15, 1902, by P. M. Churchill. It is located one-half mile west of the Erie railroad station at Hancock, N. Y., and about 1 mile above the mouth of East branch.

The channel is straight for 400 feet above and 800 feet below the bridge. The current is swift. Both banks are high and rocky and are not subject to overflow. The bed of the stream is composed of earth and cobblestones.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge, at which the gage is located. The bridge has a single span of 235 feet. The initial point for soundings is the top of the face of the left abutment on the down-stream side. The bridge floor is marked at intervals of 5 feet with black paint.

The original wire gage was attached to the up-stream side of the bridge. It was replaced July 20, 1903, by a standard chain gage. The location and the gage datum were not changed. The length of the chain from the end of the weight to the marker is 30.44 feet. The gage is read twice each day by David Pulver, the collector of tolls at the bridge. The bench mark is a circular chisel draft on the up-stream corner of the left abutment. Its elevation is 24.25 feet above gage datum. The elevation of the top of the pulley is 30.54 feet above gage datum.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, p. 128; 97, p. 262; 125, p. 96.

Discharge: 82, p. 128; 97, p. 263; 125, p. 96.

Gage heights: 82, p. 129; 97, p. 263; 125, p. 97.

Discharge Measurements of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 22.....

March 23.....

March 24.....

March 25.....

March 26.....

August 18.. .

Beebe and Swancott. Beebe and Swancott. Beebe and Swancott. Beebe and Swancott. Beebe and Swaneott. Covert and Weeks ..

Feet.

245

245

253

300

295

222

Square feet. 1,130 1,025 937 1,633 1.689

’543

Ft. per second. 4.89 5.08 4.29 6.96

5.42

1.42

Feet.

6.38

5.92

5.55

8.05

7.45

3.90

Second-feet.

5,525

5,211

4,022

11,380

9.165

’774

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May.

June.

July. Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

10

11

12

13

15

16

17

Is

19

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30 ......

31 ......

Tt< tji    co co co co ro co co co co co co ^ co co ^ ■'f ^ co • • •

ilslgsssss iss

^^^^^^COCO^-COCOCO^COCOCOCO^Oi^^^CnOCi^COCO^^^

^©►-‘CiCOCOO*© Cn o* 0*0*0* O*

to

05C5<l^tOO«<J<IO*ai05<lOOOOrfi.COCOCOCOCOCOCO^COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO

©©00*00*tOCibo*tO©CitOCDOOQOQO(Xg5gDtOgg<I<lOO<lOO£JgJ

•    COCO COCOCOCO^rf^^rf^^^^^^CnCnCn^^CnOiCn^^^CnO*

•    MC5COCO©CO©i-iCOCO©H-‘tOCOO*0*^IOCO©©<lOO^cOcOCOtOOO

j_eng* 0*0*    0*0*    0*0*0*_ O* O* 0*0*

cococococococococococococococococococococococococococococococo

o*

i-‘>-*coo*cotococort^corf>.rfk.©c>©o*<io*o*tf>.cocobob©i^coo*o*^ O* 0*0* O* 0*0*    0*0*    o* 0*0*0* o*

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.95

3.15

4.2

4.0

3.85

3.85

3.6

3.45

3.65

3.45

3.45

3.35

3.3

3.22

3.05

3.35

3.35

3.25

4.1

4.0

3.85

3.7

3.35

3.25

3.2

3.35

3.25

iO *0    *0    10*0*0    10    10*0*0    *o

HCCCOO^COCO^fOMWHOOOOHHOMOOHOOOOJOOJOCO

COCO^COCOCOCOCOfOCOfOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO(MCO(N(NCO

3.6

3.7

::

::

tOCO©<Oi-‘t-‘>-‘h-‘i-‘COCO£».OiOOi-‘O^COOOtOtOH-‘i—

00 O* 00    0*0*0* O*    0*0*    0*0*    0*0*    0*0*00

COCOCOC04^^rf^O*0*^^4*-COCOCOCOrfxrf>.COCOCOCO^^^^^COrfi.

o*©<tbobb*£>.<i©boM<o^bobobocoto^©<ibbbco<i©bboto o* O* 0*0* O*    O*O*00 to toO*O* 0*0*0* to

3.4

3.6

3.4

3.5

3.32

3.75

3.45

3.35

3.22

3.4

3.4

3.4

3.45

4.0

3.2

4.0

5.15

4.85

3.18

3.18

3.9

3.9

4.6

4.4

3.1

3.8

4.3

4.6

4.52

4.05

3.8

3.75

3.65

3.6

3.7

4.3

4.25

4.1

3.95

3.9

3.9

3.75

3.65

3.7

3.55

3.55

3.45!

3.75

4.2

3.7

3.6

3.55

3.52

3.5

3 IS

3.4

3.35

3.25

3.2

::.3

3.2

3.15

3.15

2.

4.6

6.18

4.05

3.9

3.65

3.45

3.95

4.75

4.25

3.95

4.2

4.65

4.25

3.9

3.75

3.75

3.6

3.85

4.05

3.85

Note.—Ice conditions February 1 to March 18, approximately.

Station Rating Table for West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y., rent October 15, 1902

to October 10 1903.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height..

Discharge.

Feet.

2.00

2.10

2.20

2.30

2.40 2.50 2.60 2.70 2.80 2.90 3.00 3.10 3.20

3.30

3.40 3.60

Second-feet.

20

27

58

85

120

161

208

260 ! 317 !

378

443

511

582 I

856

733

Feet.

3.60

3.70

3.80

3.90 4.00 4.10 4.20 4.30 4.40 4.50 4.00

4.70

4.80

4.90 5.00

5.10

Second-feet.

814

■.....

992

1,091

1,198

1,315

1,443

1,583

1,734

1,895

2,065

2,244

2,431

2,625

2,826

3,033

Feet.

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80 5.90 6.00 6.20

6.40 6.60

6.80 7.00 7.20

7.40

Second-feet.

3,246

3,465

3.690 3,920 4,155 4,395 4,640 4,890 5,150

5.690 6,250 6,820 7,400 8.000 8,600 9,240

Feet.

7.60

7.80 8.00 8.20 8.40

8.60

8.80 9.00 9.50

10.00

10.50 11.00

11.50 12.00 13.00

Second-feet.

9,880

10.520 11,200 11,880

12.560 13,240 13,960 14,680

16.560

18.520

20.520 22,600 24,780 27,000 31,600

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on seven discharge measurements made during 1902-3. It is fairly well defined between gage heights 2.5 feet and 6 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits.

Station Rating Table for West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Yfrom October 11, 1903

to December 31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

2.70

2.80

2.90

3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50

Second-feet.

50

79

113

152

196

245

::u;i

■1 10

^4^^4^^COCOCOCO^

tf^COtO>-lOcOOO--JG5?'

ooooooooo

Second-feet.

523

91 I

714

822

1,066

1,204

1,352

1,511

Feet.

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90

5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

Second-feet. 1,680 1,859 . 2,047 2,245 2,453 2,670 2,896 3,130 3,370

Feet.

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

Second-feet.

3,610

3,860

4,110

4,370

4,670

4,890

5,150

dischai^e"⁻measmemen^s mad^duringl^'i—5.r °D;eis"fairiyewelindefined between^age^eighfts 3 feet and 8 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits, being the same as the preceding table above 6 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July. Aug.

Sept. Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1902.

5,

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

oooo

OI CO

CO CO >—*    I-*

£gf§82S22§822282gSi

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.—{Con)

DAY.

Jan.

Feb. Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug. Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1902.

18

656

::rn

19

710

288

20

21

733

260

22

672

6191

271

288

2::

497

184

24

25

26

497]

260

511

224

27

378! 477’

317

477

28

30

31

8,090

7,490

4,084

2,826

463

410

335

5,774 3,690 3,203 2,685 12,662 7,700 3,920 3,312 2,281 1,980 1,658 1,256 1,513 1,198

Mean,

1,812

622

30,808

18,671

2,439

75,610

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb.

Mar. April.

May.

June.

July. I Aug. j Sept.

Oct.

Nov. Dec.

1903.

2.

4.

5,

6.

10

12.

13

[4

15

16

17,

IS.

19.

21

22.

23

25.

26

27

28

29

30

3i

Mean

497!

546'

857

937

765

504

306

288

749

694:

582]

410;

1.1"

575

470

372

180

229

194

136

283

157

180

300

436

404

1,245

15,952

33,740

10,328

7,226

4,474

3,154

2,432

2,028

1,841

4,994

3,960

2,990

2,106

1,823

1,479

1,248

1,041

857

746|

596

•    425

425

388

425

410

388

12 .

320

2V.i

289

262

236

212

190

262

5,501

5,582

3,202

2,205

1,479

1,176

1,176

1,107

746

352

551)

465

694|    465

■ 6941    857

596!......

3,492| 1,014

2,431

55,534 35,087 3,69lj23,470 11,824 34,090|18,125|l08238|30,405 75,366

16 days in March.

DAY. Jan. Feb.

Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1904.

2,

-l

5.

8.

10

12.

13

14

15.

16

17

18

19

21

22.

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

M'l

31

......    4,604

....... 6,791

...... 4,214

...... 3,154

....... 2,966

....... 2,966

24,296 3,760 25,484 4,526 26,144 4,708 18,680 5,774 13,564 4,448 12,118 3,442 7,730 2,738 6,082 2,205 5,528 1,734 4,396 1,511 4,656 1,562 4,864 1,322 4,812    977

9,688 1 5,258 2 3,586 3,130 3,226 2,896 2,760 ......

,149;

,806

■.mi

578

845 1,528 587 1,080

498

MM '

498

:: n;

1,308 1,094 1 ,094 1,163 904

1,805 1 ,384 1.190

’845

1,028

684

790

457

346

346

418

892

654

425

410

410

532

596

Mini

278

217

250

164

183

203

226

226

145

116

183

126

160 2,349 2,670 332 1,278 1,511 1,135 1,002 1,680 523    800    1,596

1,204    634    822

822    714    1,953

714    440    ......

i-‘i-‘i-‘tOtOCOOi©CO

00Q0C0C0M^«<IC0t005**4i-‘t0t0CXIi-‘0it0C5^^OC0©Q00ii-‘*005CO

COO«OiOOOOOOOit.WtOlOOOMWtO^OOWN2tOtC^^tOOiW

768

i.i.l

«... 1

568

482

482

523

440

mu:,

402

365

402

365

523

mo:.

482

332

300

332

402

822

1,680 1,511 1,595 1,278 1,066

SMI

523

482

1 ,002

<ito^cocococo^oo

HvjOWOWCOOJtO

8,920 4,500 2,783 1,859

Mean,

10,803 2,666 1,013    432    413 1,247    761 1,582    669 1,696

270,087 79,983 31,402 12,970 12,812 38,656 22,826 49,043 20,065 22,050

25 days in March.

13 days in December.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feel, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb.

Mar.

April. | May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

<NW^iOCOI>00O5©

13,240

11,200

8,760

6,675

5,285

4,110

8,664

9,560

11,200

4,760 3,250 2,453 2,453 2,5621 2,896 2,783: 2,670 2,047 2,453 2,670 3,370 2,783 2,047 1,770 1,680 1,432 1,204 1,135 1,002 1,352 1,432 1,135

440

160

222

523

1,234

365

402

440

440

332

402

568

523

300

332

300

365

440

440

614

482

523

523

568

mu-,

102

332

939

880

880:

822;

365

332

148

135

148

222

1,204

939

768

768

523

402

:,i is

402

402

332

MHO

256

179

332

332

272

1,066

768

300 614 272 332 332! 272

332

1,352

568

365

300

300

365

332

300

ion

222

160

179

160

179

198

198

160

245

179

160

198

179

179

160

014

289

J.'J

160

198

402

222

198

245

245

768

hOCOW

440

222

222

198

198

523

714

Mli:.

440

939

313

365

1,953

2,146

1,432

1,352

SMI

880

634

541

1 ,646 1,278 880

714

714

714

1 ,511 2,453 2,047 4,630 2,783 2,047 1 ,596 1 ,278

9 MO

768

664

402

332

256

2 15

236

236

198

1 ,859 1,716 1,002

714

mu

568

523

614

1,352

1,278

1.066

’880

822

822

664

568

mi,:,

365

402

939

822

822

714

664

614

523

482

457

4 10

425

365

332

272

245

300

245

Ml",

222

222

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.—(Con).

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905. 28.....

29

31

9,720

8,000

7,700

6,965

822

523

614

I In

,;un

222

198

245

332

272

160

135

148

inn

155

614

614

155

179

523

482

::nn

482

482

1,859 5,636

1,322

102

Mean,

8,544

1,894

397

454

270

397

1,344

670

682

111,079

56,816

12,294

13,632

8,370

12,311

40,322

20,704

20,454

13 days in March.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of West Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Mean.

Maximum.

Minimum.

October 15-31 November.... December....

1902.

8,090

1,980

12,662

378

184

366

1,812

2,439

622

March 16-31

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September. .

October.....

November.. December...

1903.

12,560 2,726

3,421

1,256

9,368

2,509

33,740

5,582

7,460

’208

1,341

378

:;7

21

92

184

109

136

187

•418

3,471

1,170

119

782

381

1,100

dill

3,492

1,013

2,431

March 7-31.........

April...... . .......

May...............

June...............

July...............

August............

September.........

October............

November..........

December 1-9, 28-31

1904.

31,830

6,791

2,627

1,528

1,680

3,860

2,670

9,560

1,680

8,920

2,760

857

346

53

10,803

2,666

1,013

420

129

I Hi

196

332

410

1,247

761

1,582

dd-.i

1,696

January. March 19-31

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September. .

October.....

November.., December...

1905.

7,850

13,240

4,760

1,204

1,352

1,322

4,630

1,859

5,636

10,520

614

473

4,110

523

196

113

113

144

482

196

144

402

1,899

8,544

1,894

396

454

270

397

1,344

652

681

2,026

Note.—No estimates during frozen period.

EAST BRANCH DELAWARE RIVER AT HANCOCK, N. Y.

This station was established October 14, 1902, by P. M. Churchill. It is located at the highway bridge one-half mile southeast of the Erie railroad station at Hancock, N. Y., and 1 mile above the junction with West branch of the Delaware. The Erie railroad bridge is just below the station.

The channel is straight for 600 feet above and 300 feet below the station. The current is swift. Both banks are of medium height and are not liable to overflow. The bed of the stream is composed of rocks and gravel. There are three channels at low water and five channels at high water. During low water the elevation of the water-surface at the station is lower than the water-surface on West branch of the Delaware, but there is no danger of the gage heights being affected by backwater from West branch, as there is considerable fall between the gaging station and the junction of the branches.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the five-span iron highway bridge to which the gage is attached. The bridge has a total span of 425.5 feet between abutments. The initial point for soundings is the face of the right abutment at the top.

A standard chain gage is attached to the lower chord of the second span from the left end of the bridge on the up-stream side. It was installed July 21, 1903, to replace the old wire gage. The gage datum was not changed. The length of the chain from the end of the weight to the marker is 32.43 feet. The gage is read twice each day by D. B. Van Etten. The bench mark is a circular chisel draft on the top of the left abutment on the down-stream side. It is marked “B. M.” Its elevation is 27.93 feet above gage datum. The elevation of the top of the gage pulley is 32.40 feet above gage datum.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the Annual Reports of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York prior to 1905, and in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 82, pp. 129-130; 97, p. 264; 125, p. 98.

Ll

Discharge: 82, p. 129; 97, p. 265; 125, p. 98.

Gage heights: 82, p. 130; 97, p. 265; 125, p. 99.

Discharge Measurements of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DATE.

H ydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 22.....

March 23.....

March 24.....

March 25.....

March 26.....

August 16.... August 18....

Beebe and Swancott Beebe and Swancott Beebe and Swancott Beebe and Swancott Beebe and Swancott

C. C. Covert........

Covert and Weeks..

Feet.

351

337

336

352

352

321

318

Square feet. 1,568 1,420 1,309 2,028 1,879

.....

043

Ft. per second. 4.38 4.62 3.85 6.04 5.57 1.26 1.23

Feet. 6.18 5.85 5.42 ' 7.59 7.00 3.45 3.40

Second-feet.

6,863

6,554

5,046

12,260

10,470

VJ'J

791

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

4.0

4.5

4.95

4.35

4.05

4.22

6.5

7.0

5.55

10

5.1

11

4.7

12

4.7

13

5.7

14

4.S

15

4.2

00CD

1C lO iO lO 00 CQ

CDCn

CD

C04^CDOMOCOtO»-⁴t-‘H-‘tOts3tOCO

CdOiCdCd CdCDCdCdOi    Cd

6.85 3.62 5.95 3.55

5.12 3.48 5.18 3.4 5.45 3.4 5.45 3.5 5.1    3.48

4.85 3.35 4.68 3.32

4.7    3.28

5.0    3.3

4.8    3.38 4.62 3.35 4.52 3.32

3.0

5.1

2.92

3.32

3.28

3.35

3.45

3.28

3.42

3.4

::

3.32

2.9

2.9

2.88

2.8

2.8

2.95

3.2

3.05

3.05

4.55

4.25

4.05

3.85

3.72

3.2

3.12

3.1

3.05

3.02

3.35

;; s

3.7

3.7

3.6

3.6

3.5

4.6

4.5

4.1

3.85

4.48

4.22

3.85

3.7

3.55

3.52

3.5

3.48

3.38

CIOOCDOM cocnM©c*;fcoboobo© to CD 00    C71 cn Oi Oi    CD CD

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N.Y.—{Concluded).

DAY.

Jan. Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1905.

Hi

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29 ......

30 ......

31 ......

O’ Oi QUO to QO CC Otto to Oi

to    GO (M 00

lO’^^CC^COCOCC’^’COCO • •

4.35

4.35

4.3

6.05

8.0

6.7

6.25

5.9

7.92

7.35

8.2

8.05

7.9

8.4

7.85

4.45

4.32

4.2

4.08

4.0

4.2

4.2

4.05

3.92

:: s

3.8

3.72

3.65

3.75

3.32

3.32

3.32

3.35

3.32

3.25

3.05

3.4

3.7

3.6

Oh

2.92

2.85

3.65

3.4

3.68

3.65

3.5

•2 S

3.2

4.2

3.48

3.52

3.38

3.38

3.32

3.3

3.55

3.6

3.5

3.65

3.2

3.2

3.18

3.12

3.1

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.0

3.0

3.08

3.15

3.2

3.08

2.95

2.9

2.9

2.9

2.85

2.8

3.1

3.1

3.05

3.05

2.92

2.88

2.8

2.95

3.05

2.92

2.82

2.8

3.15

3.55

3.0

2.95

2.9

2.9

3.02

2.92

2.85

2.82

4.05

5.05

4.52

4.25

4.05

3.85

3.75

3.62

3.58

3.48

4.0

4.1

4.08

3.98

3.9

3.28

3.5

3.2

3.2

3.1

4.5

3.4

3.85

3.75

3.65

3.55

3.52

3.48

3.42

3.22

3.12

3.15

3.15

3.55

4.35

3.95

3.82

3.68

3.6

3.1

3.1

4.1

6.65

3.7

3.62

3.65

3.82

3.62

Note.—River frozen entirely across February 1 to March 18, approximately. There was a large quantity of needle ice. During this period the gage was read to water-surface in a hole cut in the ice.

The following comparative readings were also made:

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.'

DATE.

W ater-surface.

Top of

Thickness of ice.

February 4.. February 11 February 18 February 25

March 4.....

March 11... March 18...

Feet.

Feet.

4.7

4.6

4.5

4.4

4.2

4.7

4.3

^ a> CO CO rfi. ** 00 Oi

Feet.

0.9

1 .0

1.1

1.0

1.2

1.3

1.3

Station Rating Table for East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y., from October 14, 1902,

to October 10, 1903.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

| Gage height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

8o§§§y§SSo8S§8§Sg§

Second-feet.

190

.230

'.’SO

:: lu

410

490

5m i

>•7"

787

903

1,027

1,159

1,298

1,443

1,594

1,751

1,915

2,086

Feet.

4.30

4.40

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90

5.00

5.1

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

Second-feet.

2,265

2,453

2,650

2,857

3,075

3,304

3,544

3,795

4,055

4,320

4,590

4,865

5,150

5,440

5,735

6,035

6,345

6,665

Feet.

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80

8.00

8.20

8.40

8.60

8.80

9.00

9.20

9.40

9.60

Second-feet.

7,330

8,020

8,730

9,460

10,210

10,980

11.760 12,560 13,360 14,200 15,040 15,920 16,820

17.760

18.740

19.740 20,780 21,820

Feet

9.80

10.00

10.50 11.00

11.50 12.00

12.50 13.00

13.50 14.00

14.50 15.00

15.50 16.00

16.50 17.00

17.50

Second-feet.

22,880

23.960 26,700 29,520

32.440 35,460 38,600 41,880 45,280 48,780 52,400 56,120

59.960 63,900

67.960 72,140

76.440

Note.—-The above- table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based upon nine discharge measurements made during 1902-3. It is fairly well defined between gage heights 2.7 feet and 6 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits.

Station Rating Table for East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y., from October 11, 1903,

to December 31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

2.50

2.60

2.70

2.80

2.90

3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

3.40

Second-feet.

120

151

195

252

322

402

492

5 s'. i

sol

^coto^©©oo*<i©oi^ oooooooooo .

Discharge.

Second-feet.

924 1,054 1,196 1,351 1,519 1,700 1,892 2,094 2,306 2,526

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

4.50

4.60

4.70

4.80

4.90

5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

5.40

Second-feet.

2,752

2,984

3,222

3,464

3,710

3,960

4,215

4,475

4,740

5,010

Feet.

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

Second-feet.

5,285

5,565

5,850

6,140

6,435

6,735

7,365

8,025

8,730

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based upon nine discharge measurements made during 1904-5. It is well defined between gage heights 3 feet and 7.5 feet. Above gage height 6.5 feet the table s the same as the preceding one.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb.

Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

Ss88SSsgSSSS8££sl55S:M5H:p«?ori®P.^MMM₅

I—IMH‘ MlH-‘H-‘tOtOtOCO

p’S ¥§ § g s g s s 2s Vst s a s*s

QiOiQO CO CO <1M CD © o co CO    i—* Cn ©

• K* 1-1 l-i

© ©    © © h-i H-* H-i to ^ © <1 © M ^

K)©Cn©COMOO^IMMOOOOOO©©©tOCnC7iOiCn©^MOiH^<tOiOTtO

MCO©CjiCO©<I©©©<IMMCOCOCOM©©©©00COtOb-*Cn©CO^4^

cococjim©

to

^tototococo^cn^co

©CO©CJT^<IOOOOCOtOCOM^CC©COOiH-£».tOCO>^OOtO©©tOtO©©©

^Cn©04©©©Ooai©©©Cni^©M©©4^©^^QOCOtOtOCOCOtO©©

OiOOtOOOiOiOiOOrf^OrOOiOOOiOOCnOTOaiOO^MOCOC^lOJCO

Mean.

2,879 1,270 5,065

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar.

April.

May.

June.

July.

Aug.

Sept.

Oct.

Nov.

Dec.

1903.

2.

4.

5.....

6.

9.

10

11.....

12

13 .....

14 .....

15

16.....

17 .....

18 .....

I'.'

20.....

21.....

23.....

24

25.....

26.

27 .....

28 .....

20

31

1,518

1,443

2,265

3,190

2,359

2,086

1,817

1,817

1,284

1,146

1,215

1,657

2,158

3,053

3,520

3,520

3,400

2,836

2,247

2,247

2,733

3,899

2,733

3,053

8,694

9,982

9,054

7,296

7,210

12,120

5,855

4,029

3,520

4,428

4,563

6,633

4.428 3,520 2,836 2,532 2,247 2,069 7,296 4,563 3,644 2,944 2,733 2,158 1,215 1,503 1,983 2,069 1,983 1,817 3,644 1,356 1,503

1.428 11,136

27,988

7,810

5,411

4,294

3,644

3,520

3,400

3,644

12,520

9,608

16,476

12,920

8,874

6,962

6,159

5,558

4,428

3,899

3,520

3,520

3,281

7,466

8,874

19,834

9,982

6,633

4,838

3,899

3,167

2,733

4,161

3,281

2,733

2,532

2,712

2,611

2,140

2,229

3,745

6,601

5,528

4,401

3,619

3,144

2,712

3,873

2,712

2,321

1,966

1,800

1,641

1,488

1,342

1,270

1,201

1,106

1,002

903

880

787

744

240

21 s

.'.Ml

i.

562

490

517

474

474

434

410

382

679

r.s

396

361

361

328

328

20 s

270

270

270

270

280

270

270

270

2 is

218

198

198

198

240

310

322

10,668

9,349

4,108

3,847

2,901

2,359

2,069

1,735

1,625

2,397

3,925

2,836

3,281

3,053

2,591

2,122

1,784

1,672

2,247

1,784

1,400

1.146

’965

845

776

733

553

535

508

466

426

426

403

450

403

426

1.00

1,298

903

4,055

1,949

1.327

’965

787

07.0

600

733

880

7.;::

562

490

2,359 1,882 2,265 1,751 1,327 1,473 1,298 1,443 1,228 1,002

3,520 2,671 2,158 1,807 1,503 1,312 1.119

’990

891

868

915

soo

• I*. (i

i.2i»

SMI

787

965

810

701

787

701

659

7.so

659

1,414

1,015

SOS

10,746

7,636

7,915

334

IIS

466

403

3S!

466

499

690

1,097 1,028

924

900

1,002

1,485

1,196

1,002

571

499

571

1,256

953

O'. 0

571

526

482

466

403

403

389

403

418

368

44,752

46,540

14,998

8,406

5.822 4,449 3,562 3,008 2,684 4,502 4,138 3,319

2.822 2,482 2,264 2,094 1,892 1,664 1,519 1,452 1,351 1,289 1,196

!".0

963

900

900

900

£04

782

840

4,554 9,571 5,453 4,164 3,222 2,752 2,482 2,306 1,953 1,485 3,174 3,367 3,055 2,938

2,482 2,158 2,526 1,953 1,700 1,573 1,815 1,442 1,320 1,664 2,372 2,707 2,938 5,202 4,138 3,270 2,798 2,460 1,834 2,033 12,440 5,908 4,138 3,587 2,914 2,504 1,469 2,033 1,873 2,684 2,914

Mean..

3,787

3,349

7,388

2,434

416

2,252

909

1,8171    962

5,479

2,205

2,931

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov.

Dec.

1904. 1.....

2.....

::

4.

5.

6.....

7 .....

8 .....

9.....

10.....

11..

13.

14.

15.

16.

17

18.....

19

20

21.....

22.....

23 .....

24 .....

27.

26.

27

28.....

29.

::u

31

Cnrfi'QOCoSSSccSoiOirf^WCOCOCOtOtOtOtOtOCOtOtOCOtOtOfcOtOtOCOCO

OD^tOOOtO^tQMHQOO H-^Qs^^OSCs^H^cootoosCOCOCOQCni-⁴

•    •    t—l l_i

•    • CO CO tO CO CO CO rfx CO tO CO tO COCO CO Oi OS C© !-» Ol Or CO fcO tO tO COC04*»

•    • O © CnOCOOfcOHOob *40 to CO <1 CO Oj <1 00 o olo Vcn 05 <1 o'CO <1

•    • OO^OCiOO^tOCOO^O^OOCiOcOO^asH^OOCOcOMOOCOCOCOCO

•    * 00 00 CO 00 "sj OS ^4 I-* 00 CnOOOS OS M bO 4^» OS 00 CO tOtOMM^ 00 JO b-⁴ 4^_

►—‘OSOiCn4^4^COCOCO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO~4^-^ m ^rf^CnOOCOCOCOCnOOH-CnCn^OiCS^M^JOOGOKiOSCncOtOOSOiCOCOCOCO

^ CO OI CO OS 00 Oi OS o"tO O asV O i-⁴ to OX to b-¹ h- 00 M o Cn CO h-CO os⁰⁰ ^ 4i.OOCOCOOOii—l004i*-^1^0004i*-0s000s00t0t0rf^t0i4i.cor0i-⁴b-⁴i-‘0s00 4^

CO CO os cs 4^ OS OO 00 QtQ4^4^4^4^4^^4^^4^4^4^ ^ tO QS O h-* CO tO O CO OS

cnot^tototoi-itototototototocococn<icoco£o

ICO

COCq (N (N    t-H rH i—H i—H

iOCOt>

§28 s s 2    8 & 6 2 8§ £ S S&8&23883g¥8g

4^ CO CO i—¹¹ Or Cn MCOOCn tOC^CnO 4^ to CO 0iM^0iO05C0Of-^0iO«^

s7 0

474

354 6,615 456 2,798 .. . 1,700

Mil

386

715

610    950

511    924

00    804 1,932

804: 1,320 1,700 715...... 1,485

1 ,351 1,196 1,082 1,054

950

1,054

1,028

900

804

£04

804

MM

748

00

828

924

864

804

£04

804

1,054 2,200 2,054 1,993 1,892 1,738 1,485 1,274 3,464 4,215

2,639 2,350 1,932 2,136 1,519 1,796 1,993 1,796 1,519 1,274 1,796 2,416 2,526 2,416 2,639 2,868 3,103 3,222 3,222 3,222 3,222 3,103 3,103 2,868 4,345 3,587 4,088 10,590 6,140 4,088 3,464

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. 1

1905.

2.

4.

5,

6.

9.

10

11

12

13.

14.

15

16

17

18

in

21

22.

2,984 2,752 3,835 2,416 1,796 2,136 8,370 10,-210 5,425 4,215 3,222 3,222 5,850 3,464 2,094 2,200 2,306 2,350 2,136 1,796 1,664 1.485

23

'950

24

804

25.

26

27

2S

29.

■"•II

31

1,385 2,200 3,222 4,345 4,215 4,215 3,835

wtoiotototototoiotobotototJtotstotobstototototowwwio

llllllllllslslsllllllsllsssl

2,416 2,094 2,094 2,094 1,993 1,993 1,993 2,200 2,416 2,984 3,222 3,103 2,868 2,639 2,416 2,416 2,416 2,306 6,890 14,200 9,090 7,528 6,435 5,010 13,864 11,565 15,040 14,410 13,780 15,880 13,570

it*.Ol<ll-‘l-‘tOCliO>>fc.if*.04*.rf*.©CDOOW^©t04*.~ICnOOOOWs)©CnOl

1,082

989

924

S00

804

804

924

‘.no

748

715

672

693

782

7is

715

715

715

715

748

715

641

5v>

589

570

511

492

492

492

447

402

402

950

748

540

474

402

338

322

322

308

252

252

362

5. s', i

447

■I 17

804

1,125

804

589

492

447

402

362

322

322

420

:: s

287

•Ji.i-.

492

1,519 1,028 3,222 3,960 4,215 2,868 2,200 1,796 1,435 1,227 1,054 2,984 2,752 1,892 1,435 1 ,196 1,168 1,125 2,094 1,796 4,088 2,798 2,200 1,796 1,435 1 ,274 1,082 1,028

'.mi

715

672

74 n

SOI

672

5 Vi

511

492

447

420

924

2,707 2,136 1,435 1,196 1,054

924

900

950

1 ,700 1,892 1,854 1,664 1,519 1,435 1,274 1 .125

’989

950

828

804

715

748

1,351

1,196

1,196

1,054

......

95 0

924

(HI

782

782

782

715

693

672

789

610

511

5. Ill

540

492

492

'.'V

2,752

804

900

828

1,892

8,910

Mean.. 3,267 2,744 6,159 3,123    698    555    455    548 1,946 1,112 1,088....

Estimated Monthly Discharne cf East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

j Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

October 15-31 November. ... December....

1902.

10,400

3,424

23,960

903

C.70

903

2,821

1,270

5,093

March 16-31

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September. .

October.....

November.. December..,

1903.

20,210

6,601

679

10,670

4,055

10,770

3,520

£0,510

9,571

12,440

2,733

744

6,010

2.434

270

198

Hi.:

490

368

334

782

1,320

’416

2,252

909

1,817

962

5,724

2,205

2,914

March 22-31

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September. .

October.....

November.. December...

1904.

72,480 11,680 4,554 2,054 6,615 3,222 1,435 19,240 4,215 10,590

4,449

1,892

7'. 13

308

322

589

322

589

748

1,274

33,320

5,162

1.677

’848

897

1,305 1    656

2,842 1,329 3,064

Note.—No estimates for frozen period.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of East Branch Delaware River, at Hancock, N. Y.—(Concluded).

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Mean.

Maximum.

Minimum.

January.... March 19-31

April.......

May........

June........

July........

August.....

September. .

October.....

November.. December...

1805.

10,210

15,920

9,645

1,082

1,227

1,485

2,752

4,215

2,707

8,910

17,760

804

5,010

1.125

’402

3,261

11,330

3,123

698

252

252

252

804

420

924

555

455

548

1,946

1,112

1,088

2,837

Note.—No estimates for frozen period.

ALLEGHENY RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Allegheny river, which, with the Monongahela, forms the Ohio at Pittsburg, rises in northern Pennsylvania, flows north into the State of New York, then flows south through western Pennsylvania. The head waters have an elevation of about 2,500 feet and join those of Genesee river on the north and of the Susquehanna on the east. The total length from the source to the mouth at Pittsburg is about 300 miles, 47 of which are in the State of New York. The principal facts concerning this river have been given in a report by George Lehman, assistant engineer, contained in House Document No. 72, Fifty-fifth Congress, third session. Although this river drains a large area, much of which is of an elevated and even mountainous character, yet it is of comparatively small value for waterpower. The total fall in 255 miles between Olean, N. Y., and the mouth is only 725 feet, or an average of less than 3 feet per mile. This descent is,accomplished without abrupt pitches, and even with few rapids having a fall of much consequence. The drainage basin of Allegheny river above Red House is comparatively rugged and precipitous. It is mostly covered with brush and light forest. A considerable amount of snow accumulates in the winter and feeds the stream until late in spring. The basin is underlain by shales of the Chemung series, and the depth of soil is usually small, excepting in stream valleys. There are no lakes and no artificial storage tributary to the stream. The Cuba reservoir, which feeds the Erie canal through Genesee river, lies on the divide between the Allegheny and Genesee drainage basins. A part of the overflow from this reservoir passes into the Allegheny, the rest passes into Genesee river. During about half of the year the river is navigable for small steamers to Franklin, 123 miles above Pittsburg.

The drainage areas of the river and its chief tributaries are given in the following table:

Drainage areas of Allegheny River and tributaries.

STREAM.

Locality.

Drainage

area.

Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Allegheny river... Conewango creek. Tionesta creek....

French creek......

Clarion river......

Redbank creek.... Mahoning creek. . . Kiskiminitas river Kiskiminitas river Blacklick creek...

Mouth......................

Kittanning..................

Above mouth of French creek

Franklin....................

W arren.....................

Salamanca..................

Olean, below Olean creek.....

Port Allegheny..............

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Mouth......................

Salina......................

Blacklick...................

Square miles.

11,100

8,688

5,950

5,670

3,050

1,560

1.100

’220

935

458

1,180

1,175

526

397

1,846

1,770

403

ALLEGHENY RIVER AT RED HOUSE, N. Y.

This station was established September 4, 1903, by R. E. Horton. It is located at the Red House bridge, near the stations of the Erie and Pennsylvania railroads and about 5 miles below Salamanca, N. Y., about 13 miles above the point where the river leaves New York State. At Olean, N. Y., the wasteway from the Cuba reservoir enters the stream through Olean creek. This reservoir is located on the divide between Oil creek, tributary to Allegheny river, and Genesee river. The storage is commonly turned into Genesee river through the abandoned summit level of Genesee Valley canal, but may be diverted into Oil creek through the guard-lock at the head of the canal.

The discharge measurements from which the accompanying rating table has been prepared were mostly made during the gradual decline of the stream after the culmination of the spring freshet of 1905. The stage of the stream remained constant or fell slightly during each measurement, so that the rating table represents the discharge for conditions when the stream is statical or falling slightly.

The channel is straight for 800 feet above and below the station, 494 feet wide between abutments, broken by two piers. The current velocity is well distributed. The right bank is high and does not overflow. The left bank overflows only at flood stages. At extreme high water there is an additional flood channel on the left bank. The bed is of gravel and is regular.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge. The initial point for soundings is the left end of the down-stream side of the bridge.

A standard chain gage is fastened to the up-stream side of the bridge near the middle of the left span; length of chain, 24.16 feet. The gage is read twice each day by G. H. Smith. The bench mark is a circle cut on the down-stream side of the left abutment; elevation, 21.09 feet above the datum of the gage.

Information in regard to this station is contained in the following Water-Supply Papers of the United States Geological Survey:

Description: 98, pp. 240-241; 128, pp. 45-46.

Discharge: 98, p. 241; 128, p. 46.

Gage heights: 98, p. 241; 128, p. 46,

DATE.

Discharge Measurements of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 25.....

March 27.....

March 28.....

March 28.....

March 29.....

March 30.....

March 31.....

April 1.....

April 1.......

April 2.......

April 3.......

April 3.......

April 4.......

April 5.......

July 31.......

August 26....

W . B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman.... Murphy and Covert C. C. Covert.......

Feet. Square feet. Ft. per second. 368 368

:;ps

368

368

368

::os

:;os

::r,N

:;os

363

362

357

3,313

3,412

3,385

3,353

3,168

3,007

2,764

2,489

2,415

2,286

2,045

2,003

1,867

1,797

1,214

5.88

6.25

6.07

6.01

5.65

5.33

4.73

4.09

3.89

3.51

99:;

2.94

2.84

2.40

2.32

0.93

0.45

COCO©©©©©<1<10000©©©©©^

O-4i£-©©>-‘<It04*.b000C0-<l00©©r-

Oi^h-OOGOh-M^^^GO^MOO^CO

Co

©COC5<l©©H^©7-

©© © CO h-¹ © © © i—¹ Oj CO ^ ^ ^coasooooH-^toooM^^cooiMtOMS. © © t-¹ 4* h-» © ©©©©©©©©©©*

£».£».©© 00 ©

Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y.

DAY. Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

2d

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

JN

5.52 4.5 5.76 4.85 4.43 5.86 4.95 4.43

4.46    4.75 4.43 5.16 4.74 4.43 5.16 4.69 4.43 4.91 4.54 4.43 .... 4.54 4.43

4.34    4.54 4.58 4.21 4.52 4.83 4.26 4.44 5.02

4.26    4.44 5.22 5.06 4.44 5.17

5.46    4.44 4.92 5.01 4.39 4.92 4.81 4.39 4.92 4.71 4.39 4.92 4.64 4.39 6.52

4.36 11.42 4.37 4.34 11.57

4.27    4.34 11.67 4.23 4.33 11.12 4.15 4.33 9.94

4.33 9.64 3.85 4.33 9.64 4.33 9.7

3.35    4.33 9.92 4.41 9.76

4.43

4.5

4.1

3.4

4.1

29 ......

30 ......

31 ......

4.2

4.4

s.s

4.45.....

8.15

COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO^^i^^^.^^*-^*-^^*-

•    Oi Cn © © -sj ZJi Oi Oi Or CO    ^ Oi Oi CO CO CO W W 05

CO^COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO^^^CnOJCn^h^^CnOiCNOTi^^^^CO

tOtOlOMWtOlOWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWWCOCCWCO

tototobototocococococococococococococotototocococotototototo

oooooo©©©©©^totocooicocococgMM©Qo©©©©©©©©©

COOoCOCOrfx^^i^CnOi^rf^^COCOCOCO^^COtOtOtOtOCOGOCOCOtOtObO

©©00 00

COrf^4^rf^CO©4^.£ktf^*>sJ©©tOfcOCOCOCOOi©©fcOtO©©00©©©H-lOO

Ox OjOiOiCtiOi    00    Oi

CiMOrf^tf^CnCNCnOOrf^COCOCOCOCO^tf^^^rf^CnC^OiCnOSCiMCiCJi^l

Note.—River frozen entirely across from January 1 to March 18, with the exception of a , narrow channel near one bank, which appeared February 25 and lasted during the remainder of ice period. During frozen period gage was read to surface of ice. Thickness varied from 0.6 to 0.95 feet.

728

Report op State Engineer.

Station Rating Table for Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y., from September 4, 1903, to

December 31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

2.70 2.80

2.90 3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30 3.40 3.50 3.60

3.70 3.80

3.90 4.00

4.10

4.20

4.30

Second-feet.

195

260

328

499

47S

564

65 S

759

866

9 7s

1,095 1,216 1,341 1,471 1,605 1 ,745 1,891

Feet.

4.40

4.50

4.60 4.70 4.80 4.90 5.00 5.10 5.20 5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

Second-feet. 2,043 2,200 2,365 2,540 2,725 2,920 3,130 3 ,3£0 3,580 3,820 4,065 4,315 4,570 4,830 5,100 5,375 5,660

Feet. 6.10 6.20 6.30 6.40 6. £0 6.60

6.70

6.80

6.90

7.00

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80

8.00

8.20

Second-feet.

5,9£0

6,245

6,545

6,845

7,l.r0

7,460

7,770

8,090

8,410

8,7^0

9,400

10,0'0

10

11

,790

,530

12,300 13,120 i

Feet.

8.40 8.60 8.80 9.00 9.20

9.40 9.60 9.80

10 00 10.20 10.40 10.60 10.80 11.00 11. £0 12.00

Second-feet.

13,960

14,800

15,6(0

16,540

17,420

18,300

19,220

20,140

21,100

22,100

23.100

24.100

25.100

2'6

28

,200

,91 0

31,800

Note.—The above table is applicable onlv for open-channel conditions. It is based on 19 discharge measurements made during 1903-1905. It is very well defined between gage heights 3.1 feet and 10 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1903.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

is

19

2(1

22

23

24

..... 1,095

.....    1,278

1,967 1,095 1,675 1,862 1,471! 2,365 1,316! 1,921 1,2411 3,130 1.192¹ 8,905 1,095 2,043 3,130 1 ,818 1,675 1,278 1,156 1,095 3,130 2,365 1,774 1 ,538 1,341 1,156 1 ,095

1,095

1,095

978

97s

97s

1,538

1,471

1,278

1,156

1.036

25

’956

29

866

27

S99

759

29

780

::n

708

6,695 4,965 3,580 2,764 2,282 1,967 1,818 1 ,675 1,675 2,540 2,200 1,891 1,774 1,745 1 ,605 1,471 1 ,278 1 ,278 1,036 1,216 1,216 1 ,095

1,095 1,341 1 ,095 1,036 978

’978

97s

978

978

97 s

97s

22

1,036 1,095 1,095

866

866

866

‘‘■"‘tOtOCOCOCOOlCSCiCOtOCO

978

97s

,740

105

998

joo

,534

,130

122

'967

,745

866

1,605 1,745 1,745 1,745 1,774 1,818 1 ,818 1,818 1,774 1,818

(a)

Mean

1,462

2,262

2,918 1,337

a Stream frozen over.

DAY.

COOOMOOi^COtOH*

1904.

10

11

12

14

15

16

17

18

19

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

in

31

Mean

DAY.

1605.

6.

10

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26...

27

2! I

30

31

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y.

Jan. [ Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

2,822

2,365

2,605

2,540

4,160

5,320

4,442

13,330

15,880

16,452]

26,750

24,600!

18,760

13.720

9,740 13,750 11,720 9,672 8,346 7,305 6,395 6,009 11,530 13,624 11,456 10,430 9,0,0 7,150 5,660 4,315 4,830 5,100 4,700 3,942 3,580 3,580 3,130 2,764 3,628 3,942 3,580 5,100

9i570 7,770 8,346|......

2,764 3,240 1,241 2,365 2,822 1,341 2,169 2,365 1,156 2,043 2,365    978

1,818 2,074 5,805 1,745 1,818 5,660 1,633 1 ,471 3,580 1,538 1,406 4,190 1,341 1,216 3,025 1,53811,216 2,043 1,774 1,156 1,675 1,675    922    1,406

1,745    866    1,216

,098    866    1,095

812 2,200 939 1,717 812 1,538 564 1,095 1.471 812

245    845

888

,942 1,001 ,465 1,216 ,100 1,036

M.'i

700    759

564

,046    564

.700    564 1

866

845

739

i,:,s

956

S I L'

678

658

i-.5s

1,072 ¹ ,036 812!

10,660, 6,945 3,927 2,134:1,557

678

564

564

564

56,-1

495

1,341

1,278

1,216

1,119

1,001

759 1,192

866

678

866

658 1,095 583 1,216 564 1,471 564 2,540 564 3 495 3 478 3,130 478 2,540 478 2,122 564 1,818 611 1,605 583 1,406 495 1,192 978    439    1,072

1,471 1 ,967 2,043 1,675 1,745 2,920 1,341 2,632 2,365 1,341 2,540 2,365 1,471 2,122 2,200 1,095 1,675 1,891 888! 2,200 1,745 812 j......    1,471

478

.inn

400

400

inn

400

400

400

400

400

400

521

797

,130

,350

400 1,675 400 3,350 439 3,360

914| 1,985

866

Snn

866

812

759

M.n

S6.6,

SI 2

812

759

70S

658

(,:,s

6.5s

658

658

658

658

611

759

839

5,805

12,600

8,410

6,245

4,160

7,430

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y.

Jan.

Feb. Mar. April. May. jjune. July. Aug. Sept. Oct.

Nov. Dec.

.. 3,130, 1,818 ,580 4,065 .. 2,822 1,967 ,700 5,238 . . 2,365 1,717 ,822 3,820 T 2,282 1,471    ,9672,122

2,200 1,341, ,122 2,122 2,452 1,216|2,540 2,822 2,920! 1,21612,200 3,370 2,540 1,216 1,891 3,700

...... 2,365 1,216 1,498 3,580

...... 2,365 1,119 1,367 2,365

...... 2,200 1,095 2,043 1,818

...... 2,200 1,095 3,700 1,538

15,660 2,365

12,910......

to 8-toco

739

620

877

877

866 1,53811,689 1,393

Mill

<N<MccTrv’OV<co(Nc^(Noo<MOOTrrta5t>iocco2—irtOOmaico^rHOO)

Ni-n-Hi-l rtWNCCCONttHHHHH

liSl!lllIlIl“§si!!!gils!lllil!

r—I rH

co a

"sJOCntOtOCOrf^kUOO*—¹    t—^

H^h-*H-tOtOtOCOCOtf>.CJiCXICOMCOOO

aiisiisiig!§iiiaiWesiiS8ggg¥sS

Estimated, Monthly Discharge of Allegheny River, at Red House, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,643 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1903.

September 4-30.

October........

November......

December 1-25

3,130

8,905

12,105

1,818

708

708

97 s

866

1,462

2,262

2,918

1,337

0.890

1.38

1.78

.814

0.894

1.59

1.99

.757

1904.

March 16-31....

April..........

May.......

June..........

July...........

August........

September.....

October........

November 1-27. December 27-31

26.750

13.750 10,430

9,808

5,805

2,043

2,632

3,350

1,341

12,500

2,365

2,764

1,341

7.0 I

611

400

400

1,072

611

4,190

10,690

6,945

3,927

2,134

1,557

6.51

4.23

2.39

1.30

.948

3.87

4.72

2.76

1.45

1.09

797

914

1,985

S7.9

7,430

.485

.559

7.7.0

.620

1.21

1.40

.511

.513

4.52

1905. March 19-31..

April......

May..........

June.........

July..........

August......

September.. .

October......

November.... December....

29,885 10,980 2,122 9,334 5,238 1,228 1,119 3,130 9,740 10,430

12,910

2,200

759

0.7,s

O.JH

.... l

260

208

708

80,0.

21,620

3,734

1,241

2,905

1,992

13.20

2.27

6.38

2.53

.755

.870

1.77

1.21

1.98

1.40

640

496

1,269

2,201

4,275

.390

.450

.302

.337

.772

>90

1.34

2.60

1.50

3.00

Note.—No estimates for frozen period.

SUSQUEHANNA RIVER DRAINAGE BASIN.

Description of Basin.

Susquehanna river rises in Otsego lake, in northern Otsego county, N. Y., at an elevation of 1,193 feet above tide and flows in a general southerly direction into Chesapeake bay. Its course is in many places extremely tortuous, crossing the State boundary between New York and Pennsylvaina three times. The entire length of the river is about 500 miles, and it drains an area of 27,400 square miles, of which 21,060 square miles lie in Pennsylvania, 6,080 in New York, and 260 in Maryland.

The topography of the basin varies widely in character. In New York the stream and its tributaries flow through a rolling and in places rather broken country, bounded on the north by a mountainous area. In this part of the course its bed is of gravel or sand, with occasional rock ledges, and its banks are moderately high and not extensively subject to overflow. In Pennsylvania the river enters a mountain region, its banks are high, and it winds and twists among the parallel ranges in a bed composed generally of drift materials, gravel, sand, and boulders. In the lower part of its course, from Marietta to Havre de Grace, it occupies a broad, deep valley, varying in width from a few hundred feet to more than a mile, and is for the most part bounded on either shore by rocky bluffs and table-lands elevated from 100 to 500 feet above its waters.

Above the mouth of the West branch the fall of the stream is uniform and gradual; below that point the fall becomes more irregular, and there are at many places rapids where the stream flows over a rocky bottom. The elevation of the river at the mouth of the West branch is 400 feet above mean sea level at Havre de Grace, the distance between the two points being 125 miles. The slope is, however, extremely variable.

In early days a complete system of canals was built along the river from the New York State line to the bay, but these have been abandoned with the establishment of railroads. The head of navigation is at the fall line, near the mouth of the stream, but various stretches are navigable for flat boats.

All available hydrographic data for Susquehanna river basin have been collected and published in Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers Nos. 108 and 109. No. 108 treats principally of the quality of the water, and No. 109 gives in detail information relative to fluctuations in stage and quantity of water flowing. No. 109 contains also records of flow at the gaging stations described in this paper and at the following additional stations:

West branch at Allenwood, Pa.

Tioughnioga river at Chenango Forks, N. Y.

Cayuta creek at Waverly, N. Y.

Chenango river at Oxford. N. Y.

Eaton and Madison brooks in Madison County, N. Y.

Diversions from Chenango river drainage basin.

During 1905 the United States Geological Survey has maintained the following gaging stations in this basin:

Susquehanna river at Binghamton, N. Y., and at Wilkesbarre, Danville, Harrisburg and McCall Ferry, Pa.

Chenango river at Binghamton, N. Y.

Chemung river at Chemung, N. Y.

West branch at Williamsport, Pa.

Juniata river at Newport, Pa.

Broad creek at Mill Green, Md.

Deer creek near Churchville, Md.

The United States Weather Bureau maintains river stations in this basin at the following points:

Susquehanna river at Towanda and Selinsgrove, Pa.

West branch at Clearfield and Lock Haven, Pa.

Juniata river at Huntington, Pa.

SUSQUEHANNA RIVER AT BINGHAMTON, N. Y.

This station was established July 31, 1901. It is located at the Washington street bridge, about 800 feet up-stream from the junction of Chenango and Susquehanna rivers.

On account of the unfavorable conditions produced by a rift which extends diagonally across the stream underneath the Washington street bridge, discharge measurements are made at the Exchange street bridge, 1,900 feet up-stream.

A standard chain gage is attached to the up-stream side of the left span of the Washington street bridge. The gage is up-stream from the crest of the rift and over a stretch of smooth water extending to the dam, 2,800 feet above. Gage readings are unaffected by backwater from Chenango river at ordinary stages. The gage is read twice each day by William Ray Monroe. The bench mark is a chisel draft on the corner of the left bridge abutment on the up-stream side. Its elevation is 23.71 feet above gage datum.

All records for this station for years prior to 1905 have been revised and republished in Water-Supply Paper No. 109.

DATE.

Discharge Measurements of Susquehanna River, at Binghamton, N. Y.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

May 17.......

August 19.... August 25....

H. R. Beebe C. C. Covert. E. F. Weeks

Feet.

314

315

308

Square feet. 1,504 1,732 1,227

Ft. per second. 2.04 2.29 1.22

Feet.

2.95

3.39

2.32

Second-feet.

3,075

3,966

1,501

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Susquehanna River, at Binghamton, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

4.72    3.04 2.38

4.7    3.14 2.42 5.32 3.07 2.08 4.52 2.87 2.08 3.42 2.87 2.15 3.34 2.74 2.1 5.84 2.67 2.42

7.2    2.79 2.08

5.87 2.59 2.1 4.81 2.54 2.15 4.06 2.7    2.45

3.91 3.0    2.48

4.73    2.56 2.45 5.03 3.13 2.48 4.26 2.54 2.4

3.71    2.92 2.3

2.72    2.28 8.52

2.8    2.42 8.18 3.12 2.2 12.65 3.25 2.2 14.7

3.3    2.65 13.9 3.25 2.15 13.6

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

19

20

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

9.08

7.42

6.22

5.55

7.48

7.38

2.98

2.85

2.78

2.72

2.62

2.75

2.25

2.22

2.25

2.28

2.3

2.9

2.9

3.7

6.7

2.9

3.1

5.88

5.38

5.45

6.28

2.75

2.65

2.7

5.98

5.2

2.62

2.55

2.55

2.88

2.82

2.55

2.48

2.5

4.72

4.68

2.6

4.4

4.25

4.05

3.75

2.95

2.92

2.85

2.85

2.85

2.52

2.52

2.35

2.25

2.2

2.3

2.42

4.0

2.7

2.7

4.78

4.28

2.6

2.5

7.52

7.3

3.8

3.55

3.35

3.2

2. OS

2.9

.9

2.42

2.38

2.45

2.45

2.45

2.48

2.32

2.28

5.7

4.3

3.6

3.25

3.3

3.3

3.1

lotototoiototototototototobototobotofcototototoiotofcototococoto

‘tOtOCOOOOJOiOiGOvDCOOOO lO 00 00 Ox to to Ox to_OxOOtOOxOxOxOOOx Ox 00 00 Ox tO Ox 00 tO Qx tC tC Ox Ox

CUtOtOts3l>OtOMt>3tOtN3WtOWi£.i£.K>tOMtOtN3tOK>tOtOtO!s3tOtCWWtO

.....    2.55 ......

^^COtOtOOOCO^Oi^tOtOtsOtOtOtOWGOWCO^^^^OxOOO^OOOJOx ls300COtOO5O5O5Oib0L'0OiO5O5O5COO3^C55O5rf^ W <1 W CO Ox M Ox Ox

Note.—During the entire frozen period there was an open channel of varying width at the gage. From January 26 to February 20, aporoximately, the river was frozen entirely across a short distance below the gage. Ice finally broke up March 18.

Station Rating Table for Susquehanna River, at Binghamton, N. Y., from August 1, 1901, to

December 31, 1905.

Gage

height.

Discharge

Feet.

1.75

1.80

1.90

2.00

2.10

2.20

2.30

2.40

2.50

2.60

2.70

2.80

Second-feet. 210 = » 315 525 ■m-    740

960 f 1,180 I ! 1,400 1,625 1,855 2,085 2,315 2,545

g*j

O'o djCO ■'* ■'*    ■'t ** ■<# ^ ■*’

Discharge.

Gage'

height.

■4

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Second-feet. 5,255 5,510 5,770 6,030 6,300 6,570 6,845 7 125 7,405 7,690 7,980 8,280

Feet.

7.20

7.40

7.60

7.80 8.00

8.20

8.40

8.60

8.80 9.00 9.20

9.40

Second-feet.

15,260

15,920

16,590

17,270

17,950

18,650

19,350

20,060

20,780

21,500

22,220

22,940

Feet. 11.60 11 .80 12.00 12.20 12.40 12.60 12.80 13.00

13.50 14.00

14.50 15.00

Second-feet. 30,860 31,580 32,300 33,020 33,740 34,470 35,210 85,950 37,820 39,720 41,650 43,600

Station Rating Table for Susquehanna River, at Binghamton, N. Y., from August 1, 1901, to December 31, 1905.—(Concluded).

Gage:

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gags

height.

Discharge.

Gags

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

2.90

3.00

3.10

3.20

3.30

3.40

3.50

3.60

3.70

3.80

Second-feet.

2,785

3,025

3,265

3.505

3.755 4,005 4,255

4.505

4.755 5,005

Feet.

5.20

5.40

5.60 5.80 6.00

6.20

6.40

6.60

6.80

7.00

Second-feel.

8,880

9,495

10,120

10,760

11,400

12,040

12,680

13,320

13,960

14,600

Feet.

9.60

9.80

10.00

10.20

10.40 10.60 10.80 11.00 11.20

11.40

Second-feet. 23,660 24,380 25,100 25,820 26,540 27,260 27,980 28,700 29,420 30,140

Feet.

15.50 16.00

16.50 17.00

17.50 18.00

18.50 19.00

19.50 20.00

Second-feet.

45,550

47.500

49.500

51.500

53.500

55.500

57.500

59.500

61.500

63.500

Note.—The above table is applicable only for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1901-1905. It is well defined between gage heights 2 feet and 5 feet. The table has been extended beyond these limits, being based on one measurement at 16.3 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Susquehanna River,"at Binghamton, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feh.

I * -    * '*«

Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec. ]

1905.

OO tO bO tO CO CO 4a. 4a. 4^ 4^ 05 OO *'-1 C7» 04 —-4 © 04 O CO 4*- 05 C© "“J “^4

2,785 1,444    3,265    1,138    1,224    2,200    2,039    14,864

1,224 4,055 ....... 2,039 ......

2,085 ......

2,315 ......

1,358

Mean

6,074]

28.283    8.847 2,219    3.635 1.607 2.326    7,176    3,231 2.843

*151,842

t337,681 265,417 68,801 109,053 49,827 72,099 215,291 100,169 85,295

* January 1-25. t March 19-31.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Susquehanna River, at Binghamton, N. Y. [Drainage area, 2,400 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Second-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum.

Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905. January 1-25.. March 19-31..

April.........

May..........

June.........

July.........

August.......

September.. .

October......

November.... December....

15.260 42,430 21,790

2,977

16,320

3,805

5,900

27.260 10,020 14,700 28,880

2,361

10,500

2,785

1,356

1,180

1,224

2,154

1,466

1,334

2,292

850

6,074

27,510

8,847

2,219

3,635

1,607

2,326

7,145

3,166

2,740

6,868

2.53

11.46

3.69

.925

1.51

.670

.969

2.98

1.32

1.14

2.86

2.36

5.54

4.12

1.07

1.68

.772

1.12 3.32 1.52 1.27 3.30

Note.—Ice conditions January 26 to March 18, approximately; no estimates made.

CHENANGO RIVER AT BINGHAMTON, N. Y.

Chenango river rises in central Madison county, N. Y., in the towns of Eaton and Madison, flows southward, and unites with the Susquehanna at Binghamton. Its head-water valleys lie at an elevation of about 1,200 feet above tide. The elevation of its mouth above tide is 864 feet. Its length is, approximately, 70 miles, and its drainage area is 1,580 square miles.

The gaging station, which was established July 31, 1901, is located at the Court street bridge, Binghamton.

The bridge to which the gage is attached stands squarely across the stream at a point where there is a good bed of gravel and small cobblestones and a smooth, uniform current. The channel is obstructed by three masonry piers supporting the four spans of the bridge, 79 feet clear width each, the bridge having a total length of 337 feet between abutments. A small rift between the station and the confluence cf Chenango river with the Susquehanna, about 2,500 feet below, cuts off backwater at ordinary stages of the rivers. For periods during freshets or at times when there is an abnormal rise on one or both streams, either record may be affected by backwater and too great a discharge indicated.

A standard chain gage is attached to the hand rail of the bridge on the upstream side of the first span from the right bank. The gage is read by William Ray Monroe. The bench mark is a circular chisel draft on the up-stream corner of the bridge seat on the left abutment. Its elevation is 34.02 feet above gage datum.

In estimating the run-off of Chenango river the area directly tributary to storage reservoirs, from which diversion is made to supply Erie canal, has been deducted from the total natural drainage area. The diversion area of six reservoirs at the head of Chenango river, whose outflow is turned into Erie canal through Oriskany creek, is 30 square miles. The diversion area of De Ruyter reservoir, at the head of Tioughnioga river, whose outflow is turned into Erie canal through Limestone creek, is 18 square miles. These two areas have been subtracted from the natural drainage area of 1,580 square miles, giving an effective area of 1,532 square miles. This estimate is approximate, as no allowance for direct inflow to feeder channels from additional areas, nor for waste into the

original stream, has been made. The gross area from which more or less run-off is diverted is about 105 square miles.

All estimates and records for this station for years prior to 1905 have been revised and republished in Water-Supply Paper No. 109.

Discharge Measurements of Chenango River, at Binghamton, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer.

Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

May 16.......

August 19.... August 25....

H. R,. Beebe. C. C. Covert. E. F. Weeks

Feet.

305

320

290

Square feet. 770

84 1

566

Ft. per second. 2.22 1.83 1.29

Feet.

6.37

6.42

5.64

Second-feet.

1,706

1.545

’728

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Chenango River, at Binghamton, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sapt. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

8.32

8.45

r.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17......

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29......

on

31......

05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05 05*<l<l<l<l<100<00c0c505“'l(

85

82

92

55

12

22

42

98

'.IS

18

91

74

58

74

46

34

34

18

36

61

55

33

• Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox 05 Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox Ox 05 05 05

5.37 12.56 5.57 10.68 5.49    9.44

5.41    8.76

5.47 ft). 36 5.39 10.96 5.57 10.86 5.47 10.0 5.46    9.1

5.56    8.63

5.66

5.63

5.76

5.63

5.76

5.5

5.78

8.87

12.42

13.55 12.79 12.17 11.97

16.45

18.45

17.55 17.22 15.54 14.21 13.81

8.8

9.67

9.13

8.37

8.05

8.07

7.8

7.69

7.49

7.22

7.74

8.86

8.04

7.54

7.19

6.99

6.84

6.65

6.53

6.73

0x0x0x05050x0x0x0x05050505050505050505050505050505050505050505

..... 6.82

5.7

5.8 | 6.18 6.15 5.95 6.42 7.38

7.0

6.35

6.08

5.95

5 '.1

5.85

5.72

5.55

5.52

5.48

5.45

5.45

5.48

7.58

OM0x0x0x0x0«0x0x0x050505 0:05050505050505<l<l<r050505050505

OOCOOOOCOCDOOOCOCOi-¹tOCOOOOxOT05 05<IOOCOtOl005tOfcOW4^(X⁾CO Ox Ox GO Q» to 00 to to 00    00 Ox Ox Ox tO 00 10 Ox Ox Ox 30 Ox 00    00

8.78 7.28

12.92

14.70

11.55

9.42

8.55

8.18

7.90

7.78 7.50 7.22

7.12

6.95

6.58

6.12 6.18 6.25 6.32 6.32 6.68 9.42 9.35 8.40

7.58 7.38 7.08 6.85

7.12

8.95

8.12

Note.—During the entire frozen period there was an open channel of varying width at the gage. From January 26 to February 20, approximately, the river was frozen entirely across a short distance below the gage. The ice finally broke up March 18. Gage heights interpolated November 15 to 18, inclusive.    _

Station Rating Table for Chenango River, at Binghamton, N. Y., from August 1, 1901, to

December 31, 1605.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

Feet.

5.00

5.10

5.20

5.30

5.40

5.50

5.60

5.70

5.80

5.90

6.00

Second-feet.

160

27.1.

352

4 7n

550

7.n

875

9'. 17,

6.10

6.20

6.30

6.40

6.50

6.60

6.70

6.80

6.60

7.00

1,115

1,235

1,365

1,495

1,625

1,755

1,885

2,025

2,165

2,305

2,4/0

2,600

cocooooooooooooooooooooo<i-<i*^<im<i<1'<i-*4~j

000000000000000000000

Second-feet. 2,750 2, £00 3,050 3,200 3,3/0 3,500 3,6/0 3,800 3,9/0 4,100 4,2/0 4,400 4,5/0

4.700 4,8/0 5,020 5,160 5,360 5,530

5.700 6,060

Feet.

9.40

9.60

9.80

10.00

10.20

10.40 10.60 10.80 11.00 11.20

11.40 11.60 11.80 12.00 12.20

12.40 12.60 12.80 13.00 13.20

13.40

Second-feet.

6,420

6,780

7,140

7,500

7,860

8,220

8,590

8,970

9,350

9,730

10,110

10,490

10,870

11.250

11.650 12,050 12,450 12,850

13.250

13.650 14,050

Feet.

13.60

13.80 14.00

14.20

14.40

14.60

14.80 15.00

15.20

15.40

15.60

15.80 16.00

16.20

16.40

16.60

16.80 17.00 18.00 19.00

Second-feet.

14,460

14,880

15.300 15,720 16,140 16,560 16,980 17,400

17.820 18,240 18,660 19,080 19,500 19,940 20,380

20.820 21,260 21,100 23,9:0

26.300

Note.—-The above table is applicable onlv for open-channel conditions. It is based on discharge measurements made during 1901-1905. It is well defined between gage heights 5 feet and 9 feet. The table has been extended above 9 feet, being based on one measurement at 19.8 feet.

Mean Daily Discharge, Second-feet, of Chenango River, at Binghamton. N. Y.

DAY.

Jan.

Feb.

Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov Dec.

1905.

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

21

22,

4,580

4,775

5,445

2,735

2,333

2,480

6,402

8,495

5,916

4,430

3,230

2,990

4,070

4,070

2,870

2,465

2,221

1,997

2,221

1,833

1,677

1,677

1,287

25

26

27

28

2'5

31

pjsillsiSiM

; ^ ^    5° ^ f*5° ^ wwwrfk.4^^0i050i0i0ivlc0<0000i0500t0

IliiilillMtlllMII mill 3il¥g§ii§8giiii§'s'g'i-g|-i'i'ayg'i'§55-i

32

Ox CJi

*-* to to to CO C" O — CO to to >-»

¥¥¥¥g¥¥¥i¥¥¥g¥§¥¥t¥i¥¥¥§ggi§

4,17/

2,786

3,23(

9,19/

030

Mill

600

630

13,450 7,320 5,054 3,770 2,930 2,420 7,230 5,666 4,070 2,870 2,480] 2,450; 4,220! 4,986I 3,770! 4,280 3,620 2,630 2,165 1,859 1,690 1,495 1,365 1,300 1,235

1,175 1,729 1,091 2,305 1,729 1,859 2,780 1,690 1,885 1,599 1,521 1,560 1,300 3,575 1,175 2,975 1,091 2,930 1,055 2,570 1,091 2,333 6,870 2,235 6,096 2,095 3,620 2,095 2,825 1,997 2,375 1,885 2,095 1,729 1,913 1,625 2,720 1,521 3,425 1,391 3,275 1,211 2,525 1,139 2,305 1,115 2,137 1,055 1,997 1,115 1,859 1.211 1,651 1,055 1,560 1,115 1,469 4,025 1,391 8,970

Mean.

3,335

83,371

15.945 5,120 1.442 2,593; 1.347] 1,339 4.351 2,237 2,121 207,287 153,590 44,702 77,804 41,754 41,518 130,520: 63,338 63,709

Note —River frozen January 26-March 19.

Estimated Monthly Discharge of Chenango River, at Binghamton, N. Y. [Drainage area, 1,532 square miles.]

Run-off.

Discharge in Seconb-feet.

MONTH.

Maximum. Minimum.

Mean.

Second-feet

per

square mile.

Depth

in

inches.

1905. January l-25a March 19-31..

April........

May.........

June........

July.........

August......

September.. .

October.....

November.... December....

*-*    >-* to

to 4^00

CO CO GO CO

rH    t-H

^jcOOOOO^^OOtOCO:©^

•^~4M>-‘^itococn-<iOoco

OOOOOOOOiOODi

*—»Cn H*

WOOM ®<1M OCKO ^ to

SOCDOiCOOCOOMtO^lOO

CDCnC7iOOOOiOr^CD**4

CD CO

i^tOtO^v-^tO^CD

4*. >-* to CO CO CO Cn 4^ *—* O CO COtOCOCHC04»>C04^tOCTCO H-‘4i.^4^CO«*sjCOtOOOC7i

2.18

10.42

3.35

.942

1.69

.880

.875

2.84

1.46

1.39

2.90

COl—lH-*COH-‘h-ll—‘H-‘COCD to

*COCnO>>—b©00O«vl©O CO 0 4* CO CO

a Ice conditions, January 26 to March 18; no estimates made.

CHEMUNG RIVER AT CHEMUNG, N. Y.

Chemung river is formed at Painted Post, N. Y., by the confluence of Tioga and Cohocton rivers. Cohocton river lies entirely in the State of New York. Tioga river receives, just above its mouth, Canisteo river, a large tributary, which also has its drainage basin in New York to the south of the Cohocton. The drainage area of Tioga river, above the Canisteo, is mainly in Pennsylvania. Chemung river flows southeastward through Corning, Elmira and Chemung, crosses the State line and flows for a short distance in Pennsylvania, then returns to New York, and crosses again to Pennsylvania near Waverly, finally emptying into the Susquehanna near Athens, Bradford county, Pa. The total length of the river is about 40 miles, of which 30 miles lie in New York; the drainage area, measured at the mouth, is 2,520 square miles.

The topographic features of the basin are, as a rule, bold and broad. The hills rise to a height of several hundred feet on either side, within a short distance of the stream. The upland plateau is to a large extent wooded, has impervious soil, no lake storage, and few marsh areas. Tributaries are ramifying and uniformly distributed, though not very numerous, and dry gullies or flood channels are common. The main river is sluggish, with low banks and a broad valley or flood plain which is often overflowed. The concentration of storm waters from the three large streams, which unite just above Corning, makes possible excessive floods. Dikes have been erected in the Cities of Elmira and Corning for protection. One of the highest recorded freshets in the stream occurred June 1, 1889. It was preceded by phenomenal rainfall, aggregating several inches in a few hours during the night of May 31. The discharge at this time has been estimated at 67 second-feet per square mile from 2,055 square miles, or 138,000 second-feet.a

The gaging station was established September 7, 1903, by R. E. Horton. It is located at the suspension highway bridge, midway between Chemung, N. Y., and Willawana, Pa., near the State line.

The channel is straight for 700 feet above and 800 feet below the station. The right bank is high, cleared, and not subject to overflow; the left bank is of medium height, wooded, and will overflow at high water. The bed of the stream is com-

a Report of Francis Collingwood, C. E., on the protection of the City of Elmira, N. Y., against floods.

posed of gravel and is clean and permanent. The current is good. There is but one channel at all stages.

Discharge measurements are made from the down-stream side of the bridge, which has a single span of 395 feet. The initial point for soundings is the face of the right abutment on the down-stream side.

A standard chain gage is attached to the up-stream side of the bridge, near the right bank, and is read twice each day by Daniel L. Orcutt. The bench mark is formed by three nails driven into a telephone pole 70 feet to the right of the initial point for soundings and about 30 feet up-stream. The pole is marked with black paint “ U. S. G. S. B. M.” Elevation of bench mark above gage datum, 29-88 feet.

All records and estimates for this station for years prior to 1905 have been revised and republished in Water-Supply Paper No. 109.

Discharge Measurements of Chemung River, at Chemung, N. Y.

DATE.

Hydrographer. j Width.

Area of section.

Mean

velocity.

Gage

height.

Discharge.

1905.

March 21.....

March 22.....

March 22.....

March 26.....

March 26.....

May 18.......

July 20.......

August 23... .

F. H. Brundage.... F. H. Brundage.... F. H. Brundage.... W. B. Freeman.... W. B. Freeman....

H. R. Beebe.......

Murphy and Covert Covert and Weeks..

Feet.

391

389

393

216

197

Square feet. 3,381 3,412 3,094 4,462 4,194 1,010 1,060

Ft. per second. 4.87 4.87 4.48 6.58 6.16

.69

.75

S04

.49

Feet.

9.46

9.49

8.84

12,10

11.39

2.64

2.62

2.28

Second-feet.

16,480

16,630

13.860 29,310

25.860

’714

748

135

Mean Daily Gage Height, in Feet, of Chemung River, at Chemung, N. Y.

DAY.

Jan. Feb. Mar. April. May. June. July. Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.

1905.

10

11

12......

\EE

13

17

19

20

21

23......

24

25

27

28

29 ......

30 ......

31 ......

totocotototototototococo4^oxoxox^cocococo^^ox^cototocococo

•    • • CO CO CO CO CO CO to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to to

•    •    • ©©©©©© ©000000<O©©Q0^4MM^4M©©©giM00 00©g

©MOXOO^CO^COCOoEcOM^COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCOtOCOCOCO

©a>oxcococotoai©co^H-ocob-*gooco©oo©oo^toOH-o©ooo

IO lO Tt< Tf IO ^ ^ ■'tf ^ »0 TF    rJH Tt< CO 1C »0 ^ ^ ^ CO CO CO CO •

• Ox Ox <1 be © to g >-» g © © h-j tO CO Ox tO tO M tO <1 to <1 ©

CO

00

tototototototototototototototototototototototototototococococo

ts3C04^t04^C04>.COOiOxOx©©©<J<l<l©MOx©©OOCOOO Ox_Ox Ox 00 OxQxOOOOOOtOOxtO

• CO COCOC04».OiOxM©Oi©<iaJtOtOtOtOCOtOtOtO w co to to to to to to to

to to

ooooo

•    to 4*-© oo >$* © co oo ox © © >-* 4*. m <i co ?o © oo oo co ►-» co co w h-i co to © co

•    QxQxQOQO 00 OOQxQxOx Ox Ox_Ox^ Or 00 Ox__Ox_ Ox_Ox _

wwtototototocotototototototototototototocotototocococooxcoco

tfu.4i.£».rfi.CiOocOtO>-*tO^O*<OOOOSOc0^1MC5<0©COOOCO>“*COOOO£».0 OxOxtO Ox    to Oi Oi to to Ox to Or Ox to Ox Ox Ox to Ox Ox

iH-‘i-‘tOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOCOrf^tOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOCO

<ICDM Ox Ox

COCD<OCO<OOp^W^^Oxg>OOQO£JOOK-Og5tOCOtOCOCOOO

H-i^i-iH-itOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOH^l-^H-i^tOtOtOtOtOtOi-¹

tOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOtOCOtOi—l>-‘t-‘H-‘i-*tOtOtOt-¹>-‘H-*

SSSfcSb,S8i3;e2SS£5Sfe'0,j3b:oig82SS©SioSS8S

rfnotototototototototototoioiototcitotototokstototofototototo

Note.—River frozen entirely across January 16 to March 18, approximately, except for open water at the rapids below the station. The gage heights are to the surface of the water in a hole cut in the ice.

The following comparative readings were also made:

DATE.

Water-

surface.

Top of

ice.

January 28. , February 4. . February 11 February 18 February 26

March 4.....

March 11...

Feet.

2.93

2.83

2.72

2^9

3.0

2.95

3^9

Feet.

00 00 W lO HHOONOO

KRAKOW

\

/<

U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

MAP OF THE DRAINAGE SYSTEMS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK SHOWING LOCATIONS OF GAGING STATIONS.

1905.

/f'h'

otocrisopat,. L j ^

/»

\N

S'

ii*&S

T»

!

f/a

'jW

5JV

x S£\\\V

rn

•j

5U

4

■s

CAoW-fS)

»o

//7r~

eJ7f ‘

C/CHAZY U LAKtr -

/ /V⁷

o/v

0/^ C>*

/V >1 ^y4-

/4/5

W' vn “

[A

yrvpp^l^-

little. a >ruppe« // la**. 71

(0mk.

v^J

65^

/.

0V

't

l***

ON TA Ft / o.

-- ij

7^%

'/,

ffAOutrft.

la*c. y

l \sc)

2<

A'£fy7*\

t F// \\

Sfe

r$

A''I

,<7

W/nfAul

x ua.

,l<

fj

**

(f

/-

venmont:

,1

22

y<3W ^ QNTZFt/O.

-"d),

>A7

vC:

'c*£EH' j(4j

TEl

'fee

- \ONE-!

IV i

26

\<c

7'/

>!N

*r

flf    /

jA/r*7»6*/

' |\

s»rr*« f'

\»>*

•J___

2'

7A\f|o

f \i$W y

s’I*

l\-

.1

(\

6U

4!

5

<j

o#'

JJZN

•S

I-

VaFmj6‘

v^¹-

>y

r':

^ / o7 /

\1|

I.

r\>w

<&?A

■w*

U /, ;

ri.

MASS.

_L/ir

%v/

■3>

LIST OF GAGING STATIONS, 1905.

"\ x

:_fg^Vz w5

£YiA/VA’ya QS) \

grp

p/5

If

H >-

fa)

/,

*>V

°>

-F—

T'JA

/f/7r

r/

No. on

[Map.

Stream.

3;

Place.

County.

No. on Map.

Stream.

Place.

PENNSYLVANIA.

1    Genesee River

2    Oswego River

3    Seneca River

4    Skanea teles Outlet 6 Oswegatchie River

6    Allegheny River

7    Black River

8    Salmon River

9    Chenango River

10 Susquehanna River

Rochester    Monroe

Battle Island    Oswego

Baldwinsville    Onondaga

Willow Glen    Onondaga

Ogden sburg    St Lawrence

Red House    Cattaraugus

Felts Mills    Jefferson

Pulaski    Oswego

Binghamton    Broome

Binghamton    Broome

11    W⁷est Canada Creek Twin Rock Bridge Oneida

13    Oriskany Creek    Colemans    Oneida

16    Chemung River    Chemung    Chemung

17    East Canada Creek Dolgeville    Herkimer

18    Mohawk River    Little Falls    Herkimer

19    Raquette River    Massena Springs    St. Lawrence

20    Indian River    Indian Lake Dam Hamilton

22    -Hudson River    Fort Edward    Washington

23    Fish Creek    Burgoyne    Saratoga

24    Genesee River    Mt. Morris    Livingston

f Graefenburg Creek]

J Starch Factory [

1 Creek    f

(.Sylvan Glen Creek J

27    Hoosic River

28    Mohawk River

29    Hudson River

30    Wappinger Creek

01 j Reel’s Creek a    ( Johnson Brook

32    Catskill Creek]

33    Esopus Creek¹

36    Lake George Outlet

37    Ramapo River

39    E Br. Delaware River Hancock

40    W. Br. Delaware River Hancock

Chittenango Creek    Chittenango

42    Saranac River    Plattsburg

44    Moose River    Moose River

45    Honeoye Creek    East Rush

46    Lake Champlain

47    Schoharie Creek

49    Oneida River

41

County.

Rensselaer Saratoga Saratoga Dutchess Oneida Oneida G reene Ulster Essex Rockland Delaware Delaware Madison Clinton Lewis Monroe Fort Montgomery Clinton Greene Oswego

Buskirk

Dunsbach Ferry

Meehanicville

Wappinger Falls

Deerfield

Deerfield

South Cairo

Kingston

Ticonderoga

Suffern

Prattsville

Euclid

26

New Hartford

Oneida

-s:

'⁵UTv

Note.—Run-off from tinted watershed areas is measured at the gaging stations indicated by circles and numbers.

\/F-

'/I

wik/

t/

CONN.

•W

(If A

&

V*.

MEW JERSEY.

*jk:

ft'

Ot*⁶

m#.b. 4*

|

/

ut\

t

£*)►

.*

A

H

Index of Maps, Diagrams and Illustrations.

MAPS.

Barge canal gaging stations New York drainage system.

Koad map of New York State, showing proposed system of improved highways

Facing Page.

634

740

In pocket at cover.

DIAGRAMS.

Bridge-dam with Boule gates proposed for Mohawk river..........

Chart showing organization of State Engineer’s department.......

Export trade of five leading Atlantic ports......................

Hydrographs. (See General Index.)

Seven diagrams illustrating instructions for preliminary work on Barge canal...............................................

28

222

47

202

ILLUSTRATIONS.

Cement testing laboratory.............................

Chenango tow-path road, No. 175, Broome county.......

Cold Spring bridge over Seneca river...................

Concrete abutment for highway bridge over Barge canal.

Delaware turnpike, Sec. 3, Road No. 178, Albany county Delaware turnpike, See. 4, Road No. 198, Albany county

“Grab” machine, Contract No. 6, Barge canal..........

Greene-Smithville Flats, Road No. 218, Chenango county

Honeoye-Hemlock road, No. 191, Ontario county.........

Lubccker excavator, Contract No. 4, Barge canal.......

Movable dam on Moldau river, Bohemia................

Park Bridge road, No. 127, Broome county..............

Penfield, Sec. 1, Road No. 166, Monroe county...........

Rock breaker, Contract No. 1, Barge canal..............

Steam shovel, Contract No. 11, Barge canal.............

Steel hydraulic dredge, Contract No. 4, Barge canal.....

Steel hydraulic dredge, Contract No. 5, Barge canal.....

Steel hydraulic dredge in process of construction........

Town Line Extension road, No. 126, Broome county.....

Vertical Avail at lock approach, Contract No. 2, Barge canal Wynantskill-West Sand Lake road, No. 195, Rensselaer county.... 252, 254

376, 378, 380, 382

136, 140,

24, 26,

300

286

34

246, 248 256, 258

352

302

346

30, 292 144, 148

308

338

240

242

36, 294

32

296

304

238

V

'■

.

'

Index of Streams and Gaging Stations, 1905.

Stream.

Allegheny river...........

Big Chazy river...........

Black river...............

Canadice lake outlet.......

Canaseraga creek.........

Catskill creek.............

Cayuga lake..............

Champlain canal..........

Champlain canal..........

Chemung river...........

Chenango river...........

Chittenango river.........

Clyde river...............

Delaware river, E. branch. Delaware river, W. branch East Canada creek........

Esopus creek.............

Fish creek...............

Genesee river.............

Genesee river.............

Genesee river.............

Graefenburg creek........

Honeoye creek...........

Hoosic river..............

Red House......

Mooers Junction

Felts Mills......

Hemlock........

Mount Morris...

South Cairo.....

Ithaca..........

Fort Edward.... Mechanicville...

Chemung.......

Binghamton....

Gaging Station.

Chittenango.....

Clyde............

Hancock.........

Hancock.........

Dolgeville........

Kingston........

Burgoyne........

Mount Morris....

Rochester........

Genesee Junction New Hartford....

East Rush.......

Buskirk.........

County.

Cattaraugus

Clinton.....

Jefferson....

Monroe.....

Livingston..

Greene.....

Tompkins... Washington. Saratoga Chemung.. . Broome.....

Madison....

Wayne.....

Delaware.. . Delaware.. . Herkimer. ..

Ulster......

Saratoga Livingston..

Monroe.....

Page.

726

676

662

651

645

701

684

684

737

734

j 611

658

618

714

714

698

Till

684

645

627

Hudson river........

Hudson river.........

Hudson river........

Indian river.........

Johnston brook......

Kayaderosseras creek Lake George outlet..

Limestone creek.....

Mohawk river.......

Mohawk river.......

Mohawk river......:

Mohawk river.......

Mohawk river.......

Mohawk river.......

Mohawk river.......

Moose river.........

Nine Mile creek......

Oak Orchard creek... Oneida river........

Oriskany creek......

Oriskany creek......

Oriskany creek......

Oswegatchie river....

. Oswego river........

Oswego river........

Ramapo river.......

Raquette river......

Richelieu river......

Rondout creek......

Salmon river........

Saranac river.........

Schoharie creek......

Seneca river..........

Seneca river..........

Monroe.... Oneida.. .. Monroe....

Rensselaer. Washington.... j

Free bridge, near Clark’s Mills.,. Washington

Fort Edward

Mechanicville...........

Indian Lake...........

Deerfield...............

Saratoga lake...........

Ticonderoga............

Fayetteville............

High bridge, near Delta

Utica..................

Mohawk............

Little Falls.....

Tribes Hill......

Dunsbach Ferry.

629

692

652

686

569

683 572 576 683

Hamilton....... 685

Oneida........694

Saratoga..

Essex....

Onondaga Oneida.. .

Oneida.. .

Herkimer.

Saratoga

Herkimer

685

678

609

582

587

587

595

0*7

Montgomery.... 602 603

Saratoga

688

Cohoes....................... Albany

Moose River.................. Lewis..

Powell’s bridge, near Stittville.. . Oneida Medina.......................

Orleans

Schroeppel’s bridge..

Colemans...........

State Dam, Oriskany.

Oriskany............

Ogdensburg..........

Hinmansville........

Battle Island........

Onondaga

605

664

583

6 12

614

658

l,"S

Oneida Oneida Opeida St. Lawrence.... 668 Oswego

Oswego

Mahwah, N. J....

Massena Springs.

Fort Montgomery

Rosendale..................... Ulster....

Pulaski....................... Oswego...

Plattsburg.................... Clinton...

Prattsville.................... Greene.. .

Highway bridge above Cross lake Onondaga

Baldwinsville

689

584

62 ;

623

654

............... 711

St. Lawrence.... 669 Clinton......... 673

709

659

677

699

618

Onondaga

619

655

Stream. Skaneateles lake outlet Starch Factory creek..

Susquehanna river.....

Wappinger creek......

West Canada Creek... . West Canada creek. . . . West Canada creek.... Wood creek...........

Gaging Station.

Willow Glen.... New Hartford.. Binghamton.... Wappinger Falls

Twin Rock Bridge

Trenton Falls.....

Kast Bridge.......

Whitehall.........

County. Page. Onondaga..

Oneida.....

Broome.....

Dutchess...

Oneida.....

Oneida.....

Herkimer. . Washington

690

731

707

588

696

591

i 593

697

631

INDEX.

Annual Report of the State Engineer and Surveyor of New York, 1905.

Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers:

Correspondence ............................

Resolutions ...............................

Allegheny river, at Red House, Cattaraugus county

Discharge .................................

Drainage area .............................

Gage readings..............................

Gage station established.....................

Allegheny river drainage basin, description of.....

Appropriations:    '■

Improvement of public highways.............

Recommendations for:    I

Co-operative Survey of State............

Court of Claims survey.................

Arch over Canastota creek.......................

Assessment, Board of Equalization of............

Atlas sheets, U. S. Geological Survey............

Barge canal:

Appendices I to VII, inclusive...............

Appropriation for survey of.................

Azimuths, Irondequoit valley crossing........

Bids ......................................

Borings . .. . ...............................

Bridge Bureau’s report on................

Bridges ...................................

Bridges crossing navigable streams...........

Bureaus:

PAGE.

32

32

726

727

736

727

726

725

to to O 00

291, 325, 328

404

Or 05 CD

352

26

294, 296, 351, 355

387

20, 62

62

Bridge Design and Inspection:

Duties of.........................................

Increased demand for lift-bridges....................

Old bridges.......................................

Bridges—Checking—Computing—General drafting—Locks —Rivers ............................................

20

21

21

Barge Canal—Continued :

Canalization of Hudson River between Troy and Northumberland:

Appeal to Congress..................................

Celebrated Champlain iron district......................

Comparison of commercial interests of New York State

with those of foreign countries........................

Comparison showing relative importance of New York in

the United States....................................

Distance of Champlain region from Ocean navigation......

Earlier routes projected................................

Exports from principal Atlantic ports...................

Extracts from discussion in House of Representatives.....

Hopes of U. S. Government improving these rivers........

Interior water transportation in Europe.................

Maps furnished to U. S. Assistant Engineer relating to

Hudson river ........................................

Policy of U. S. Government toward natural waterways.... Proportion of Federal expenditures received and of foreign

commerce contributed................................

River and canal traffic in fiscal year....................

Route connecting New York city and St. Lawrence river..

Shipments from Vermont and Canada....................

Six and one-half millions saved..........................

State invokes Federal aid..............................

State not receiving due share of Federal appropriation....

Traffic on Chambly canal...............................

U. S. Government adopted Hudson river.................

Vermont dependent on an artificial outlet................

Contracts ...............................

Contracts pending........................

Correspondence relating to use of concrete:

Communication from Acting Chief Engineer, U. S. A.....

General conclusions....................................

52

45

36

47

54

35

44

35

35

50

53

38

48, 49

35

46

37

39

63

242, 288, 293, 296, 353

69

68, 79

Letter from Advisory Board of Consulting Engineers

Report of investigations by Resident Engineer......

State Engineer’s letter to Canal Board.............

67

69

67

Dams..............................

Depth of..........................

Division of State...................

Dredges ...........................

Eastern Division Engineer, report by

29, 67, 68, 71, 133, 138

60

26

63

Barge Canal—Continued:

Engineering expenses (see “ Engineering expenses.”)

Estimated water-surface of Seneca river...........

Estimates, monthly..............................

Estimates of cost................................

Gaging and discharge of streams..................

Gaging stations:

Index of....................................

Map of, facing...............................

General plans of:

History of canal-building.....................

Natural waterways utilized...................

Key to greatest internal waterway in world........

Law (chapter 147, Laws of 1903) :

Text ........................................

Index to ...................................

Lock-culverts, valves for..........................

Lock-gates ..................................

Locks:

PAGE

Ci to Or o h co

563

743

634

27

28

42

151

193

388

387

Concrete

Correspondence concerning dimensions of.................

Resolutions of Advisory Board concerning dimensions of.. .

Size decided upon......................

Middle Division Engineer, report by.........;

Office ...................................

Organization of engineering force............

Preliminary work .........................

Preliminary work, instructions for..........-

Proposed change in route of................

Regulation of surface elevation of Cayuga lake

Report of Special Deputy State Engineer.....

Reports (see “Reports.”)

Residencies ................................

Report on Erie No. 1..................

Report on Erie No. 2..................

Report    on    Erie    No.    3..................

68

31

32

30

285

26

25, 203

25

151

56

61

56, 57

26, 237, 292, 350

238

238 *

239

239

292

293

293

351

Barge Canal—Continued:

Residencies—Continued:

Report on Erie No. 10.....

Report on Erie No. 11.....

Rules governing construction

Routes ........................

Seneca river and Cayuga lake...

FAGE.

357

359

240

241

242

293

203

57

56, 57, 297, 324

Special investigations:

Bridges ......................

Dams, movable.................

Dams, needle..................

European practice on waterways

Lock-gates ....................

Mohawk river, canalization of.. Valves for lock culverts........

388

29,

133, 387

388

136

387

132

388

State Engineer’s report on.................,.......

Summit level, Rome, water-supply for:

Enlarged prism...............................

Leakage at lock-gates and valves...............

Loss over spillways...........................

Report on water-supply—Appendix II..........

Review of report on water-supply—Appendix III

Seepage and percolation.......................

Source of water-supply for.....................

Total water-supply for........................

Water for lockage............................

Water for power for electric lighting...........

Water for power to operate locks...............

25

no, 130

86

87

81

112

82

90, 109

93

GO 00 CO CO

Surveys ..........................

W’ater-power development ..........

Western Division Engineer, report by

Work of construction...............

Beaver river dam.......................

292, 296

62

350

62

236, 269,

Bench Marks. (See “ Results of Spirit Leveling in N. Y. State.”)

277, 280

Big Chazy river:

Discharge ................

Drainage areas.............

Binghamton State Hospital road

676

677

292, 321, 325, 328

Black river:

Constructing retaining wall at Carthage bridge

Eebuilding pier, Carthage bridge..............

Black river basin, description of..................

Black river:

Near Boonville...............................

Discharge ...............................

Near Felts Mills.............................

Discharge ..............................

Drainage area...........................

Gage readings...........................

Gaging station established................

Black Biver canal................................

Blue line survey.................................

Boards:

Canal ......................................

Canvassers ..................................

Commissioners of Land Office.................

Equalization of assessment....................

River Improvement...........................

Boundaries of State, Connecticut..................

Braadock’s dam, Oswego river....................

Brasher Falls dam...............................

Bridge Design and Inspection, Bureau of..........

PAGE.

.. .. 290, 328 320, 325, 328

661

662

662

662

663

662

662

662

285, 313, 325

360

24

289, 318, 325, 328

......... 321,    325

......... 20,    386

Bridges:

Carthage, Black river... Cold Spring, Seneca river

View of, facing.....

Lockport, Main street. . . Resort, Great Sodus bay. Syracuse, Willis avenue.. Syracuse, Willow street ..

290

286, 319, 325, 326, 386

286

.....361, 367, 369

.333, 362, 367 369

........ 317, 328

287, 325, 326, 386

Bureau:

Bridge Design and Inspection................

Land ......................................

Caledonia Fish Hatchery, plans for..............

Canada creek:

East. (See “East Canada creek.”)

West. (See “West Canada creek.”)

Canadice lake outlet, near Hemlock, Monroe county

Discharge ..................................

Drainage area..............................

20, 386 20, 384

335

651

652

Canal:

PAGE.

Barge canal (see “Barge canal.”) Black river. (See “Black River canal.”)

Board ............................

Breaks:

Champlain canal.......

Erie canal, Durhamville.

235

285

Bridges ..............................................

Cayuga and Seneca (see “ Cayuga and Seneca canal.”) Champlain (see “Champlain canal.”)

Contracts (see “ Contracts.”)

Engineering expenses (see “ Engineering expenses.”)

Erie (see “Erie canal.”)

Maintenance .........................................

New York State system, history of .....................

Oswego (see “Oswego canal.”)

Canals and special appropriations:

Contracts completed during year:

Great Sodus bay, bridge at Resort..................

Pile and timber revetment at Corning...............

Contracts pending Sept. 30, 1905:

Barge canal, No. 4................................

Barge canal, No. 5.................................

Barge canal, No. 6........................,.........

Cold Spring bridge Continuing improvement of harbor, Canandaigua lake

Raising and completing High dam.........

Willow street bridge, Syracuse.............

Canandaigua lake, improvement of harbor...........

Canaseraga creek, near Mt. Morris, Livingston county

Discharge ....................................

Gage readings................................

Gaging station established.....................

Canastota creek, arch over.........................

20, 386

63

333

334

288

288

... 353, 368 286, 325 ... 287, 325 .. . 286, 325 ... 287, 325 ..287, 325, 326 ......    645

645

645

645

291, 317, 325, 328

Carthage bridge:

Constructing a retaining wall..........

Rebuilding pier.......................

Catskill creek, at South Cairo, Greene county

Discharge ...........................

Drainage area.........................

Gage readings.........................

Gaging station established.............

. . . . 290, 328 320, 325, 328

701

702

704

702

PAGE.

Cayuga and Seneca canal................

Cayuga lake:

Dredging of inlet...................

Repairing State pier................

Water records.....................

Cayuga lake, at Ithaca..................

Gage readings......................

Gaging station established..........

Cayuga lake, water records..............

Cayuga lake and Seneca river, survey of

Cazenovia lake.........................

Cement:

57, 290, 313, 325

289, 320, 325 .290, 320, 328

330

655

656

655

...... 330, 634

56, 57, 297, 324 ...... 612, 659

Increasing use of Portland

Laboratory..................................

Views of, facing.........................

Report of tests...............................

Specifications ...............................

Tests for State work..........................

Champlain canal.................................

Champlain canal, at Fort Edward and Mechanicville

Discharge ...................................

Drainage ...................................

Gage readings...............................

Champlain lake (see “Lake Champlain.”)

Chateaugay river:

Discharge ...................................

Drainage area................................

Chemung river, at Chemung, Chemung county.......

Discharge ...................................

Gage readings................................

Gaging station established....................

Chenango river, at Binghamton, Broome county.....

Discharge ...................................

Drainage area................................

Gage readings................................

Gaging station established....................

Chittenango creek, at Chittenango, Madison county.

Cazenovia lake...............................

Discharge ...................................

Drainage area................................

Erieville reservoir............................

........ 20, 376

376, 378, 380, 382

376

380

.....20,    50, 376

28, 235, 261, 277

684

684

684

684

667

667

737

738

738

737

734

735

737

735

734

611,    658

612,    659 612, 658

612

Chittenango creek, at Chittenango, Madison county—Continued:

Gage readings........................

Gaging station established...........

Hydrograph, 1905, facing.............

Clyde river, at Clyde, Wayne county......

Drainage area.......................

Gaging station established...........

Cold Spring bridge......................

View of, facing......................

Commissioners of the Land Office, Board of

Commissioners, River Improvement.......

Concrete:

Bridges ............................

Cohoes dam for Champlain canal.....

Conclusions from investigations......

Correspondence relating to use of.....

Cost ..............................

Dams ..............................

PAGE.

611, 658 611, 658

614

618

618

618

286, 319, 325,

326, 386

286

Or Or

76, 77

68

68, 80

67

68, 80

70

Locks ..................................

Mechanicville dam........................

Partial failure of concrete work...........

Universal use of..........................

Work expeditiously executed..............

Concwango creek bridge.......................

Constantia, Scriba creek, harbor improvement at Construction, Rules governing, Barge canal..... Contracts:    i

Canal, pending:

Eastern Division.....................

Middle Division......................

Western Division.....................

Canal, terminated:

Eastern Division.....................

Middle Division......................

Western Division.....................

Highway, awarded.......................

Highway, pending:

Eastern Division......................

Middle Division......................

Western Division.....................

67, 70

67

67

321,

to K)

LO to -4

230,

230,

228,

68, 80 69,    80

362, 367 325, 328

203

242, 278 286, 326 227, 368

236, 280 288, 328 230, 369

13

252, 279 299, 327 228, 368

Contracts—Continued:

Highway, terminated:

Eastern Division.................

Middle Division..................

Western Division.................

Recapitulation ......................

Convention, supervisors’...................

Co-operation with U. S. Geological Survey:

Disbursement of funds for............

Hydrography ........................

Recommendations of appropriation for.

Survey of State......................

Co-operative Survey of State:

Adjustment of spirit leveling:

Erie county......................

Herkimer county.................

Lewis county.....................

Madison county..................

Oneida county...................

Orange county...................

St. Lawrence county..............

Sullivan county..................

Uncompleted work...............

Atlas sheets..........................

Classification of roads................

Engineering expenses.................

Gaging and discharge of streams......

Office work...........................

Plans for............................

Primary control......................

Primary traverse:

Erie county......................

Herkimer county.................

Lewis county.....................

St. Lawrence county..............

Progress to date.....................

Recommendation of appropriation for. .

Report on...........................

Results of spirit leveling in New York State, 1896 to 1905

Resume of results.....................................

Secondary locations...................................

PAGE.

.........231, 244, 281

.........231, 302, 329

...............231, 369

227, 228, 229, 230, 231

12

393

CO CJ1 -4 K)

394

421

422

420

422

422

424

425

424

427

404

401

272

635

402

395

397

412

414

414

417

396

23, 397

393

429

394

Co-operative Survey of State—Continued:

Spirit leveling.....................

State Engineer’s report on..........

Summary:

Field work....................

Office work....................

Topographic survey................

Triangulation stations:

Herkimer county, Madison county, Oneida county, Otsego

county.........................................

Woodlands .......................................

Corning, slope wall........................................

Correspondence:

Concerning dimensions of locks.........................

Relating to use of concrete on Barge canal.............

County Engineers or Superintendents of Highways, appointed Court of Claims:

Engineering expenses

Surveys for..........

Cross lake, water records.

Dams:

PAGE.

401

22

400

403

272, 277, 394

409

401

363, 367

i—i r—

CO CO

10, 374

271, 277, 323, 324, 325, 366, 367

................20, 235, 296, 333

........................ 330, 634

Beaver river...................

Brasher Falls, St. Regis river.... Cohoes dam for Champlain canal Concrete dam at Mechanicville.. .

Cost of dams..................

European practice...............

Existing bridge-dams in Europe.

Views of, facing............

Location of dams, Mohawk river.,

Modifications in dams..........

Movable ......................

236, 269, 277, 280 ........ 321, 325

63

67

135

137

135

136, 140, 144, 148

133

138

29, 77, 78, 79, 132, 137, 387

Diagram of, facing............

Needle-dams ......................

Old Forge dam...................

Oswego river:

Braddock’s ..................

High dam...................

Minetto .....................

Repair of State Dam at Sixth lake Stoppage of leakage in movable dams, European waterways.... Type of dams..............................................

28

........ 137, 388

236, 270, 277, 280

. .. .289, 318, 325, 328 33, 286, 318, 325, 326 33, 288, 318, 325, 328 . .. .236, 270, 277, 280

143

PAGE.

Deerfield reservoir, precipitation at...........

Delaware river:

East branch, at Hancock, Delaware county.

Discharge ..........................

Gage readings.......................

West branch, at Hancock, Delaware county

Discharge ..........................

Gage readings........................

Gaging station established...........

Delaware river drainage basin, description of. .

Depth of waterways, European...............

Diagrams, index of..........................

Dikes:

695

719

720

720

715

715

715

714

co r-r-H CO

741

Delaware river:

At Port Jervis..........

Near Barryville.........

Neversink river, at Deer Park Rose’s Point................

270

271, 277 236, 280

237

Division Engineer, report of:

Eastern Division.................................

Middle Division.................................

Western Division.................................

Drainage systems of New York State, map of, facing.. .. Dredging:

Canandaigua lake.............................

Cayuga lake ....................................

Scriba creek....................................

East branch, Delaware river. (See “Delaware river.”)

East Canada creek, at Dolgeville, Herkimer county......

Discharge ......................................

Drainage area....................................

Gage readings....................................

Hydrograph, 1905, facing........................

Engineering expenses:

Bureau of Bridge Design and‘Inspection............

Eastern Division:

Barge canal, construction:

Champlain canal.........................

Erie canal..............................

Head office account.......................

235

285

333

740

.. .. 287, 320 289, 320, 325 291, 325, 328

599, 698

;y

600

600

599, 699

601

226

226, 268 226, 264 226, 262

Engineering expenses—Continued:

Eastern Division—Continued:

Improvement of public highways........

“ Money System ”—Repairs of highways

Ordinary repairs:

Champlain canal...................

Erie canal.........................

Special surveys........................

Special works..........................

Summary .............................

Middle Division:

Barge canal construction:

Erie canal........................

Oswego canal.......................

Improvement of public highways........

Ordinary repairs:

Black River canal..................

Cayuga and Seneca canal...........

Erie canal.........................

Oswego canal......................

Special surveys.........................

Special works..........................

Summary .............................

Western Division:

Barge canal construction:

Erie canal.........................

Extraordinary repairs..................

Improvement of public highways.........

Ordinary repairs, Erie canal............

Special surveys........................

Special works..........................

Summary .............................

Engineering force, organization of...............

English river:

Discharge .................................

Drainage area..............................

Enlarged prism, Barge canal....................

Erie canal.....................................

Erieville reservoir..............................

PAGE.

225, 273

276

224, 261

224,    261

225,    271 224, 269

226,    277

226, 314 226, 316 225, 322

.. 224, 313 ... 224, 313 . . 224, 312 . . 224, 312 .. 225, 323 ., 224, 317 .. 226, 325

.. . 226, 364 . .. 224, 361 ... 225, 363 . . . 224, 361 . .. 225, 366 .. . 225, 362 .. . 226, 367 25, 203, 219

O Ci —I

........ 110,    130

261, 277, 312, 325 ........ 611,    659

PAGE.

Esopus creek, at Kingston, Ulster county.........................

Discharge .................................................

Drainage area....................;.........................

Gage readings..............................................

Gaging station established..................................

Establishment of gaging stations and measurement of streams, Barge canal .......................................................

704

705

707

705

704

563

Estimates:    ,

Barge canal.......................................

Highway .........................................

European practice on waterways—Appendix V...........

Examination, monuments and maps..................

Extraordinary repairs to canals........................

Field notes and maps, old..............................

Fish creek, at Burgoyne, Saratoga county...............

Discharge ........................................

Drainage area ..................................

Gage readings......................................

Gaging station established.........................

Flood discharge, Oriskany.............................

Gages established at Tonawanda and Pendleton..........

Gaging streams :

In connection with Barge canal, report on...........

In connection with U. S. Geological Survey, report on Gaging stations:    ¹

Established and maintained for Barge canal.........

Map of, facing................................

Index of.........................................

.... 162, 360 260, 309, 349

136

272

361, 367 272, 277

685

685

684

685

685

586, 690

359

563

637

566

634

743

Maintained by U. S. Geological Survey Map cf, facing...................

640

740

Gates, lock

387

Genesee river:

At Genesee Junction, Monroe county

Discharge ....................

Drainage area.................

Gage reading..................

Gaging station established.....

At Rochester, Monroe county.......

Discharge ....................

Drainage area.................

Gage reading..................

629

630

630

630

629

627

627

627

Genesee river, at Rochester—Continued:

Gaging station established.....................

Hydrographs, 1904, 1905, facing...............

Near Mount Morris, Livingston' county..............

Discharge ....................................

Gage readings.................................

Gaging station established.....................

Gage readings.....................................

Survey .....................................*.....

Genesee river basin, description of......................

Genesee river drainage.................................

Geneva, guard-lock, improvement at.....................

Geological maps, United States survey...................

Good roads. (See “ Improvement of Public Highways.”) Graefenburg creek, near New Hartford, Herkimer county. .

Discharge ........................................

Drainage area.....................................

Gaging station established.........................

Graefenburg reservoir, precipitation at..................

Great Sodus bay, bridge across at Resort...............

Guard-lock, Geneva, improvement at....................

290, 319,

333, 362, 290, 319,

627

628, 629

645

646

645

645

354

354

644

627

325, 328 22, 393

692

693

693

693

694

367, 369 325, 328

Harbor improvement:

Canandaigua lake.......

Scriba creek, Constantia High dam, Oswego river....

.........287,

... ......291,

33, 286, 318,

Highway improvement. (See “Improvement of Public Highways.”)

325, 326 325, 328 325, 326

History of New York State canal system. .. . Honeoye creek, at East Rush, Monroe county

Discharge ............................

Drainage area.........................

Gaging station established.............

Hoosic river, at Buskirk, Rensselaer county.. ,

Discharge ............................

Drainage areas......... ...............

Gage readings........................

Gaging station established.............

Hydrographs, 1903, 1904, 1905, facing. . .

63

652

653

652

652

573,    686

574,    687

574

573

573,    686

574,    575

Hudson river:

At Fort Edward, Washington county

Discharge.....................

Drainage area.................

Hydrograph, 1905, facing......

569,. 683

569

569

Hudson river—Continued :

At Free Bridge, Washington county..........................

Gaging station established..............................

At Mechanicville, Saratoga county...........................

Discharge .............................................

Drainage area...........................................

Gaging station established..............................

Hydrographs, 1904, 1905, facing.........................

Canalization of. (See “Barge canal: Canalization of Hudson.”)

Hudson river drainage..........................................

Hudson river drainage basin, description of......................

Hydrographic features of the year 1905..........................

Hydrographs:

Chittenango creek at Chittenango, 1905, facing page...........

East Canada creek at Dolgeville, 1905, facing page............

Genesee river at Elmwood avenue bridge, Rochester, 1904, 1905,

facing pages.............................................

Hoosic river at Buskirk, 1903, 1904, 1905, facing pages........

Hudson river at Fort Edward, 1905, facing page..............

Hudson river at Mechanicville, 1904, 1905, facing pages........

Limestone creek at Fayetteville, 1905, facing page.............

Mohawk river at Cohoes, 1904, 1905, facing pages............

Mohawk river at Dunsbach Ferry, 1905, facing page...........

Mohawk river at Little Falls, 1905, facing ptge.. .............

Oneida river at Schroeppel’s bridge, 1905, facing pages........

Oswego river at Battle Island, 1905, facing page..............

Seneca river at Baldwinsville, 1905, facing page..............

West Canada creek at Trenton Falls, 1905, facing page........

West Canada creek at Twin Rock bridge, 1905, facing page .... Wood creek at Whitehall, 1904, 1905, facing pages

Hydrography ......................................

Illustrations, index of..............................

Improvement of public highways:

Amount expended...............................

Appropriations for.............................

Comparison of progress during period of State Aid Law

Contracts awarded under chapter 115, Laws of 1898.....

Contracts completed during year:

Broome county:

Fenton road, No. 134........................

Harpursville, No. 210........................

Nineveh, No. 209.............................

PAGE.

572

572

577, 683

577

577

581

579, 580

569

680

637

614

601

628, 629 574, 575

571

579, 580

610

606, 607

605

597

617

625

621

592

590

............ 632, 633

24, 273, 277, 563, 637

741

13

305, 329 308, 329 308, 329

Improvement of public highways—Continued:

Contracts completed during year—Continued:

Broome county—Continued:

Town Line Extension, No. 126.......

View of, facing.................

Chenango county:

Oxford-McDonough, No. 224.........

Clinton county:

Plactsburg-Mooers, section 1, No. 138 Cortland county:

Dryden, No. 215...................

Delaware county:

Grand Gorge, No. 217...............

Roxbury, No. 216..................

Dutchess county:

Hughsonville, No. 222...............

Erie county:    I

Aurora-Buffalo, section 1, No. 128. . .

Main Street, section 3, No. 130......

Main Street, section 4, No. 131......

Jefferson county:

Adams-Henderson, section 1, No. 183.

Burr’s Mills, No. 147...............

Depot road, No. 186................

Pierrepont Manor-Ellisburg, No. 184.

State, section 1, No. 185............

Watertown-Sacketts Harbor-Henderson, section 1, No.

PAGE.

304, 329

304

308, 329

246, 281

308, 329

250, 281 250, 281

252, 281

336,    369

337,    369 337, 369

306

305, 329 307, 329 307, 329 307, 329

181

306, 329

Monroe county:

Dugway, section 1, No. 168...............

Dugway, section 2, No. 169...............

Dugway, section 3, No. 170...............

Hudson Avenue, section 2, No. 173........

Lake road, section 1, No. 171.............

Little Ridge, section 2, No. 165..........

Penfield, section 1, No. 166..............

Montgomery county:

Mohawk River turnpike, “ East,” No. 180 Oneida county:

Hamilton Bridge, No. 139...............

248, 281

Improvement of public highways—Continued:

Contracts completed during year—Continued: Onondaga county:

East Lake, section 1, No. 122..........

Fabius-Apulia, section 1, No. 49.......

Eabius-Apulia, section 2, No. 75.......

Genesee turnpike, No. 132............

Marcellus-Marietta, No. 74............

Ontario county:

Bristol road, No. 187.................

Bristol Valley, section 1, No. 188......

East Side-Lake, section 2, No. 189....

Gorham-Stanley, No. 203..............

Naples-Atlanta, No. 204..............

Naples-Woodville, No. 205............

Orange county:

Central Valley-Turners, No. 115.......

Chester-Goshen, No. 156..............

Cochecton turnpike, section 1, No. 113

Middletown-Slate Hill, No. 159........

Turners-Monroe, No. 46...............

Otsego county:

Oneonta, No. 162 Richfield Springs-Cherry Valley, No. 219 Worcester, No. 220 Rensselaer county:

Brick Church-Rock Hollow, No. 197. . .

Old Northern .turnpike, No. 200......

Troy-Sand Lake, No. 194.............

Ulster county:

Kingston-Ellenville, section 3, No. 141 Westchester county:

Cross River-Turk Hill, No. 150.......

Contracts pending September 30, 1905:

Albany county:

Albany-Schenectady, No. 176.........

Beaver Dam, No. 192................

Delaware turnpike, section 3, No. 178

Views of, facing................

Delaware turnpike, section 4, No. 198. Views of, facing.................

PAOE.

303, 329

302,    329

303,    329

304,    329 302, 329

245, 281 247, 281 245, 281 247, 281 244, 281

248, 281 251, 281 251, 281

249, 281 249, 281 248, 281

246, 281

247, 281

254,    279 256, 279

255,    279 246, 248 258, 279

256,    258

Improvement of public highways—Continued:

Contracts pending September 30, 1905—Continued: Albany county—Continued:

Delaware turnpike, section 5, No. 199.......

,    River road, No. 193....................

Schoharie road, sections 1 and 2, No. 177.. Broome county:

Chenango tow-path road, No. 175..........

View of, facing........................

Centre Village, No. 211.....................

Endicott road, No. 174.....................

Ouaquaga road, No. 212...................

River road, section 1, No. 214.............

River road, section 2, No. 213..............

Chenango county:

Green-Smithville Flats, No. 218.............

View of, facing........................

Guilford road, No. 225.....................

Dutchess county:

South road, No. 223........................

Jefferson county:

Redwood-Alexandria Bay, section 1, No. 182 Monroe county:

Portland Avenue, section 1, No. 172. .......

Penfield road, section 2, No. 167. ...........

View of, facing...........................

258, 279 256, 279 254, 279

299, 327

300

300, 327

299,    327

300,    327

301,    327 301, 327

301, 327

302

302, 327

259, 279

300, 327

342, 368 339, 368

338

Ontario county:

Geneva-Canandaigua, section 2, No. 207

East Side-Lake, section 1, No. 190.....

Honeoye-Hemloclc, No. 191.............

View of, facing...................

347, 368 345, 368 345, 368

346

Orange county:

Chester-Vail’s Gate, No. 154............

New'burgh-Campbell Hall, No. 153.......

Newburgh-Shawangunk, No. 161.........

Slate Hill-Unionville, No. 160...........

Rensselaer county:

Boston and Albany, No. 202.............

East Nassau, No. 196..............

Troy-Poestenkill, No. 201...............

Wynantskill-West Sand Lake, No. 195.. . Views of, facing....................

259, 279 257, 279 259, 279 257, 279 252, 254

Improvement of public highways—Continued:

Contracts pending September 30, 1905—Continued:

Schenectady county:

Schenectady-Albany, No. 179...............

Westchester county:

Turk Hill-Putnam county line, No. 151.....

Convention. (See “Supervisors’ convention.”)

County Engineers and Superintendents of Highways Division:

Eastern .....................................

Middle .......................................

Western .....................................

Duties of highway commissioners.................

Fuller-Plank law...............

Higbie-Armstrong law..........

Highways:

Built or under construction

Miles of...................

How to obtain good roads......

Laws ........................

Map of State, showing proposed system of improved highways ..................................

Money tax system of maintenance:

Miles in State, under.................

Number of towns adopting............

Prison labor..............................

Rapid progress made during last seven years

Recapitulation ....................

Recommendations:

Maintenance of State-built roads

Prison labor for highway improvement..................

Power to prosecute....................................

Shade trees............................................

Report required, showing money expended by highway commissioners ..............................................

Roads for which contracts have been awarded................

Roads improved............................................

Roads improved under special laws..........................

Roads petitioned for........................................

Roads surveyed..........................................

Supervisors’ convention.....................................

Wide tires.................................................

PAGE.

255, 279

252, 279

10

235, 244, 273 .. .. 298, 322 .. . . 335, 363

7, 298

N*

In pocket at cover.

11

.260, 309, 349

10

11

11

11

13

299

277, 310

299

299

12

Indian river, at Indian Lake, Hamilton county....................

Stage of water in Indian Lake reservoir......................

Investigations, special. (See “ Barge canal: Special investigations.”

Johnston brook, near Deerfield, Oneida county....................

Discharge .................................................

Drainage areas.............................................

Gaging station established...................................

Kayaderosseras creek, near Saratoga lake........................

Drainage area.............................................

Discharge .................................................

Lake Champlain drainage.......................................

Lake Champlain drainage basin:

Drainage area.............................................

Report on................................................

Tributaries ...............................................

Lake Champlain outlet, at Fort Montgomery, Clinton county......

Discharge ................................. ............

Drainage area............................................

Lake George outlet, at Ticonderoga, Essex county.......... . .....

Discharge .................................................

Drainage area..............................................

Gage readings..............................................

Gaging station established..................................

Lake Ontario drainage..........................................

Lakes

685

685

694

695

694

694 •

685

685

685

631

672

673

672

673

674

675

CIS

679

680

679

679

642

Blue Mountain ...

Canadice .........

Canandaigua .....

Cayuga ..........

Cazenovia ........

Champlain........

Chazy ...........

Conesus .........

Cranberry ........

Cross.............

Erie .............

Hemlock .........

Honeoye .........

Honnedaga.......

Indian ..........

Lower Chateaugay

.225,

55, 57, 225, 289, 297, 320, 324, 567,

..........................296, 612,

.....28, 36, 235, 242, 566, 667, 671,

96

644, 651 320, 618 634, 655 654, 659 673, 676

676

644

668

618, 634, 654, 656

588

96, 685

Lakes—Continued:

Lower Saranac..........................

North .................................

Oneida.................................

Onondaga ..............................

Ontario.................................

Otisco .................................

Otsego ................................

Saratoga ...............................

Seneca .................................

Sixth .................................

Skaneateles ............................

Upper Chateaugay.......................

West Canada...........................

Land Bureau:

Duties of...............................

Lands sold..............................

Maps ...................................

Report of..............................

Law, Barge canal (chapter 147, Laws of 1903) : Text ..................................

PAGE.

677

96

......28, 293, 615, 624, 658

.................. 28. 654

615, 619, 642, 654, 659, 661

654

730

685

....    55, 57

.236, 270, 277

656

667

696

20, 384

385

384

384

151

Index of ..............................

Leakage at lock-gates and valves, Barge canal

Legislation recommended....................

Loss over spillways, Barge canal.............

Level, Rome summit, water-supply..........

(See also “Barge canal: Summit level.”)

Leveling, spirit, adjustment of. (See “Co-operative Survey of State.”) Leveling, spirit, results of. (See “ Results of Spirit Leveling in N. Y. State.”)

Limestone creek, at Fayetteville, Onondaga county

Discharge ........................

Drainage area.....................

Gaging station established.........

Hydrograph, 1905, facing..........

Lock-culverts, valves for...............

Lock-gates:

European waterways..............

New plans........................

Plans made.......................

Lock, guard, at Geneva, improvement of Lockport, Main street bridge...........

193

....... 86, 113

10, 20,    23, 397

87

34, 81, 112, 295

609

610

610

609

610

388

140

CO OO ^

290, 319, 328 361, 367, 369

Locks:

Correspondence concerning dimensions..............

European waterways:

Design of....................................

Floors .......................................

Gates, valves, spars, etc.......................

Guide cribs or walls..........................

High lifts and mechanical lifts................

Materials of construction.....................

Operation ...................................

Resolutions of Advisory Board concerning dimensions

Size decided upon for Barge canal.................

Maintenance:

Canal ..........................................

State-huilt roads, recommendation for..............

Maps and field notes, old.............................

Maps:

31

139

141

140

141

142

139

142

30

30, 34

10

272, 277

Furnished to U. S. Assistant Engineer relating to portion of

Hudson river ..............................

Index of .....................................

Instructions for making Barge canal...........

Land Bureau ................................

Location ....................................

Roads, distinction between macadamized and dirt

U. S. Geological...............................

Woodland as a topographic feature.............

Measurement of flow of streams....................

Minetto dam, Oswego river........................

Mohawk river:

35

741

162

384

359

.....24, 272, 563, 637

33, 288, 318, 325, 328

At Cohoes, Albany county..........

Discharge .....................

Drainage area..................

Gaging station established......

Hydrographs, 1904, 1905, facing. At Little Falls, Herkimer county....

Discharge ....................

Drainage area..................

Gaging station established......

Hydrograph, 1905, facing.......

At Tribes Hill, Montgomery county. . Drainage area of Schoharie creek. Gaging station established......

605

606

606

605

606, 607 595, 687

597

.. . . 595, 687 595, 598, 687

597

602

603

Mohawk river—Continued:

At Utica, Oneida county....................

Gaging station established..............

Canalization of—Appendix IV...............

Character of ..............................

Cost of a bridge -and trestle-dam.............

Existing bridge-dams in Europe, as examples

Location of dams, Barge canal..............

Movable dams ............................

Near Delta, Oneida county..................

Discharge, Black River canal............

Gaging station established..............

Near Dunsbach Eerry, Saratoga county......

Discharge .............................

Drainage area..........................

Gaging station established..............

Hydrograph, 1905, facing................

Near Mohawk, Herkimer county............

Discharge ............................

Drainage area..........................

Gaging station established...............

Reservoir at Delta.........................

PAGE.

587

587

132

132

135

135

133

29, 132, 387

582

582

582

604, 688

604

604

603,-688

605

587

587

588

587

99

Type of dam, Barge canal Mohawk river drainage......

133

582

“ Money system ”—Repairs of highways, engineering expenses Monuments, maps, etc., examination of... .

Moose river, at Moose River, Lewis county

Discharge .........................

Gaging station established..........

Movable dams

277

272, 277

664

666

664

Views of, facing Needle-dams ........

.29, 77, 78, 79, 132, 137, 387

..........136, 140, 144, 148

. ...........137,388

Neversink river:

Building dikes, Deer Park...................

Clearing channel, Rose’s Point...............

Nine Mile creek, at Powell’s bridge, Oneida county

Drainage area...............................

Gaging station established..................

Oak Orchard creek, near Medina, Orleans county..

Discharge ................................

Drainage area..............................

Gage readings.............................

236

237

583

583

583

642

642

643

PAGE.

Oak Orchard creek basin.

Oak Orchard feeder.....

Old field notes, maps, etc

Old Forge dam.........

Oneida river:

At Schroeppel’s bridge, Euclid P. 0., Onondaga county

Discharge .....................................

Drainage area..................................

Hydrograpb, 1905, facing.......................

Near Euclid, Onondaga county......................

Drainage area..................................

Gaging station established......................

Oneida river drainage..................................

Ordinary repairs of canals:

Division:

Eastern ........................................

Middle ......................'................

Western ......................................

Summary .........................................

Organization of engineering force........................

Oriskany creek:

At Colemans, Oneida county........................

Discharge ....................................

Gaging station established......................

Near Oriskany, Oneida county......................

Discharge ....................................

Flood discharge ...............................

Gage readings.................................

Gaging station established..................., . .

Oswegatchie river, near Ogdensburg, St. Lawrence county. .

Discharge ........................................

Gage readings.....................................

Gaging station established..........................

Oswego canal.........................................

Oswego river:

At Battle Island, Oswego county.....................

Discharge .....................................

Drainage area................!.................

Gage readings.................................

Gaging station established......................

Hydrograph, 1905, facing......................

642

........ 362,    367

........ 272,    277

236, 270, 277, 280

614

616

615

617

658

658

658

609

261, 277 312, 325 361, 367

224

25, 203, 219

688

689

688

585

585

668

668

669

668

286, 312, 325, 326

623

625

625

624

623

Oswego river—Continued:

At Hinmansville, Oswego county.....

Drainage area...................

Gaging station established.......

Oswego river basin, description of........

Oswego river dams:

Braddock’s ........................

High dam..........................

Minetto ...........................

Oswego river drainage...................

Passaic river drainage, description of basin Piers:

289, 318, 28G, 318, 288, 318,

PAGE.

623

623

623

654

325, 328 325, 328 325, 328

623

710

At Carthage bridge, rebuilding...................

At mouth of Ithaca inlet, Cayuga lake, repairing of

o cT

325, 328 320, 329

Plans:

Caledonia hatchery drainage system..........................

Instructions for making, Barge canal........................

For consideration of Advisory Board.........................

For co-operative Survey of State.............................

For final approval by Canal Board...........................

For improvement of public highways.........................

For lock-gates, movable dams, needle-dams, valves for lock-

culverts and bridges......................................

Bevised plans for locks.....................................

Preliminary work, Barge canal, instructions for...................

Primary control, co-operative geological survey....................

Primary traverse. (See “Co-operative Survey of State.”)

Prison labor for highway improvement..........................

Bamapo river, near Mahwah, N. J...............................

335

162

26, 295

395

26

387, 388

34

151

397

11

711

711

Drainage area....................................

Gage readings ..................................

Gaging station established........................

Baquette river, at Massena Springs, St. Lawrence county

Discharge .......................................

Drainage area....................................

Gage readings...................................

Becapitulation, improvement of public highways........

Becommendations:

Amendment to Higbie-Armstrong law concerning shade trees... Amendment to Highway Law concerning State inspection of town bridges.............................................

260,

713

712

711

669

670

671

670

309, 349

11

390

Recommendations—Continued: Appropriations for:

Co-operative Survey of State......

Court of Claims survey..........

Maintenance of State-built roads.....

Power for State Engineer to prosecute, Prison labor for highway improvement

PAGE.

23, 397

20

10

11

11

Reports:

Barge canal:    ,

Division Engineer’s report:)

Eastern ...........................................

Middle ...........................................

Western ..........................................

Resident Engineer’s report. (See “Barge canal: Residencies.”)

State Engineer’s report.................................

Bureau of Bridges.........................................

Canalization of the Mohawk river...........................

Cement tests...............................................

Co-operative Survey of State................................

Division Engineers:

Eastern ...............................................

Middle ...............................................

Western ..............................................

European practice on waterways............................

Gaging and discharge of streams, Barge canal................

Gaging and discharge of streams, U. S. Geological Survey.....

Improvement of Public Highways:

Division Engineer’s report:

Eastern ..........................................

Middle ...........................................

Western ..........................................

State Engineer’s report.................................

Investigation concerning use of concrete for Barge canal.......

Land Bureau..............................................

Review of report on water-supply for Rome summit level.......

Special Examiner of Highways..............................

Spirit leveling. (See “Results of Spirit Leveling in New York State.”)

State Engineer and Surveyor ..............................

Survey to connect Barge canal with Cayuga lake..............

Water-supply for Rome summit level of Barge canal.......

237

292

350

25

386

132

376

393

235

285

333

136

563

635

244

298

335

69

384

112

373

N r-H

lO 00

PAGE.

Reservoir, Elmira reformatory

Residencies, Barge canal......

Results of Spirit Leveling in New York State, 1896 to 1905 (reprint of U. S. Geological Survey bulletin) :

Contents, table of.................................

Index of.........................................

Text ............................................

Retaining wall at Carthage bridge........;.............

Richelieu river, at Fort Montgomery, Clinton county. . . .

Discharge ........................................

Drainage area....................................

River Improvement Commission.......................

Rondout creek, at Rosendale, Ulster county..............

Discharge ........................................

Gaging station established........................

Road, State hospital, at Binghamton...................

(See “ Improvement of Public Highways.”)

Rome summit level, water-supply.....................

(See also “Barge canal: summit level.”)

Rules governing construction Barge canal—Appendix VII

Salmon river basin...................................

Salmon river, near Pulaski, Oswego county.............

Discharge ..........................»............

Drainage area....................................

Gaging station established........................

Saranac river, near Plattsburg, Clinton county.........

Discharge ......................................

Drainage area....................................

Gaging station established........................

Schoharie creek, at Prattsville, Greene county..........

Discharge .......................................

Drainage areas..................................

Gage readings ...................................

Gaging station established........................

Scriba creek harbor improvement at Constantia........

Secondary locations, U. S. Geological Survey...........

Seneca river:

At Baldwinsville, Onondaga county................

Discharge ...................................

Drainage area................................

Gage reading................................

335

26, 237, 292, 350

431

548

437

292, 320

673

675

675

709

292, 321, 325, 328

Roads.

34, 81, 112, 295

203

659

659

659

661

659

677

678

677

677

699

700

701

700 ’

699

291, 321, 325, 328

401

619

620

620

620

Seneca river, at Baldwinsville—Continued:

Gaging station established.......................

Hydrograph, 1905, facing.......................

At Highway bridge, above Cross lake, Onondaga county

Drainage area above station....................

Water records......................................

Seneca river drainage...................................

Skaneateles lake outlet, at Willow Glen...................

Discharge .........................................

Drainage area.....................................

Gaging station established..........................

Seneca river and Cayuga lake, survey of..................

Seepage and percolation, Barge canal.....................

Slope wall, Corning....................................

Snow storage, on ground, water equivalent of.............

Special Examiner of Highways, report of.................

Special works:,

Divisions:

Eastern .......................................

Middle ........................................

Western .......................................

Summary ..........................................

Specifications, standard.................................

Spirit leveling:

Co-operative Survey of State...........'..............

Results of, in New York State, 1896 to 1905...........

Index to results of.................................

Starch Factory creek, near New Hartford, Herkimer county,

Discharge ...................................

Drainage areas...............................

Gaging station established.....................

Precipitation at Savage reservoir...............

Sylvan Glen creek, discharge...................

State boundary lines. (See “Boundaries of State.”)

State Court of Claims. (See “Court of Claims.”)

State Dams at Sixth lake and Old Forge, repairs of

PAGE.

619

621

618

619

330, 634

618

656

657

656

656

56, 57, 297, 324

...... 82, 110

. . .363, 367, 369

709

373

236, 269, 277 . . .. 317, 325 . . .. 362, 367

224

401, 420

429

548

690

691

690

690

692

692

236, 270, 277, 280

State Engineer:

Duties ....................

Organization of Department Chart showing, facing..,

219

222

Report.

State Engineer—Continued:

Report on Barge canal......................

Report on co-operative survey................

State hospital road, Binghamton..................

State industrial farm, town of Rush, Monroe county Stations, gaging. (See “ Gaging stations.”)

Stations, triangulation, Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and- Otsego

counties ....................................................

St. Lawrence, Franklin, Lewis, Herkimer, Hamilton, and Essex county boundary line, engineering expenses. .

St. Lawrence county boundary line...........

St. Lawrence river drainage................

Stone arch, Canastota creek.................

St. Regis river, Brasher Falls dam...........

Summit level, Rome, water-supply...........

(See also “Barge canal: summit level.”)

Superintendents of Highways or County Engineers, appointed Supervisors’ convention...................................

PAGE.

25

394

292, 321,

291, 317,

34, 81,

325, 328

335

409

261, 277

271

667

325, 328 321, 325 112, 295

10, 374

12

Supply

r*

Total water supply for Summit level, Barge canal............

Source of water-supply for Summit level, Barge canal........

(See also “ Barge canal: summit level.”)

Survey of State, Co-operative. (See “ Co-operative Survey of State.”

93

90, 109

Surveys:

Barge canal Blue line....

.162, 292, 296, 297

360

Engineering expenses....................

Genesee river...........................

Reservoir spillway at Elmira Reformatory

225, 277,

325, 367

354

335

Special:

Court of Claims

20, 235, 271, 296, 323, 324,

333, 366

Examination, monuments and maps

Hydrographic ...................

Old field notes....................

Seneca river and Cayuga lake.... St. Lawrence county boundary line.

Topographic .....................

Susquehanna river:

At Binghamton, Broome county.......

Discharge .......................

Drainage area....................

24, 273,

56, 57,

22, 272,

272

563, 637 272, 277 297, 324

271

393, 429

731

732

Susquehanna river, at Binghamton—Continued:

Gage readings............................

Gaging station established.................

Including Chenango river:

Discharge ...............................

Drainage areas...........................

Susquehanna river drainage basin:

Discharge ...................................

Drainage areas................................

Sylvan Glen creek, near New Hartford, Oneida county

Discharge ...............

Drainage area...........

Tests, cement ...............

Topographic surveys.........

Towing, European waterways:

Electric traction........

Locomotive versus tug. . .

Methods of..............

Triangulation stations, Herkimer, Madison, Oneida and Otsego

counties ....................................................

United States geological maps...................................

Use of concrete for Barge canal.................................

Valves for lock-culverts.........................................

PAGE.

732

731

CO CO

730

730

692

692

692

.............................. 20, 376

.22, 272, 277, 295, 352, 355, 393, 394, 429

146

148

144

409

388

Wappinger creek, at Wappinger Falls, Dutchess county......

Discharge ..........................................

Drainage areas.......................................

Gage readings .................................,....

Gaging station established............................

Water equivalent of snow on ground.......................

Water for lockages, Barge canal...........................

Water for power for electric lighting, Barge canal...........

Water-power to operate locks, Barge canal.................

Water records of Cayuga and Cross lakes and of Seneca river

Water-supply for Borne summit level, Barge canal..........

Waterways, European practice on

West branch, Delaware river. (See “Delaware river.”)

West Canada creek:

At Kast Bridge, Herkimer county................

Discharge ..................................

Drainage area............................

Gage reading...............................

Gaging station established...................

707

708

707

708

708

709

594, 697 594, 698

594

594, 698 593, 697

West Canada creek—Continued:

At Trenton Falls, Oneida county.....

Discharge .....................

Drainage area.................

Gage reading..................

Gaging station established......

Hydrograph, 1905, facing.......

At Twin Rock Bridge, Oneida county

Discharge .....................

Discharge during freshet........

Drainage area.................

Gage readings.................

Gaging station established......

Hydrograph, 1905, facing.......

Supply from...................

PAGE.

591

592

592

592

591

592

588,    696

589,    697

696

589, 696 589, 697

588

590

103

Wide tires................................

Willis avenue bridge, Syracuse..............

Willow street lift-bridge, Syracuse...........

Wood creek, at Whitehall, Washington county

Discharge ............................

Drainage area.........................

Gaging station established..............

Hydrographs, 1904, 1905, facing.........

Woodlands, U. S. Geological atlas sheets.....

Works, special. (See “Special works.”)

335

292, 319

386

631

632

633

631

632, 633

_

y

A

■-o

i

O

c

\

-VJ

i

S'

JO

s

* " ’

. <*

Is.*

-^s

1

X.

! '•Wk

jv

X.

: N

t

"X,

'

•-V

\

""-x

■k

%

y

r

l

/

%>£

\

<r ■

Biblioteka PK

J.X.44