Abstract:Problems with parking individual cars, particularly in urban areas, were already experienced by the inhabitants of developed countries in the interwar period. These problems continue to appear, as the number of cars increases and there are fewer and fewer parking spaces. Therefore, solutions are sought after to ensure the largest possible number of parking spaces with the smallest occupied area, especially in large agglomerations of highly developed countries. The article presents one of the possible solutions – rotary car parks (The Rotary Automated Car Parking System; RACPS). The research results reffered to in the article are the effect of works conducted at the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering of the Cracow University of Technology in the field of modelling and optimisation of a rotary car park [5, 6, 8].
Abstract:The aim of the study was the estimation of the ability of hyperelastic material models for the fitting of experimental data obtained in the tensile testing of silicone liners used in lower-limb prosthetics. Three groups of liners were analysed: I – silicone liner, II – part of the liner in which the silicone has a fabric reinforcement, III – silicone liner with an outer covering material. Both longitudinal and circumferential samples were taken. The Neo-Hookean, Mooney-Rivlin and Ogden parameters of constitutive models of hyperelastic materials were calculated.
Abstract:Safety is a term referring to lack of threat, guarantee of liquidation or minimizing threats. With regard to drinking water, consumer safety is understood as the probability of avoiding threat resulting from consuming water with quality that is incompatible with applicable normative or lack of water. However, an assumption that the measure of loss of safety is a risk function has become the paradigm. The classical definition of risk implies that it means the possibility of loss, harm with a certain probability. At the same time, there is a term of uncertainty which means lack of certainty and often refers to lack of safety. The main purpose of this paper is to present methods of analysis and risk assessment and the characterization of risk function in probabilistic and fuzzy (possibilistic) aspect.
Abstract:In this article, the results of computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modelling of the hydraulic jump conditions occurring in the experimental prismatic rectangular stilling basin with sudden crosswise expansion are presented. The FLOW 3D software program was used to numerically solve Reynolds Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with the application of the k-ε turbulence model. The influence of the depth magnitude of the stilling basin and the ending sill installation on the hydraulic jump turbulent characteristics and submergence condition changes was investigated. Based on the results of the numerical modelling, it was found that various spatial flow processes contribute to the submergence condition of the hydraulic jump. These processes include: crosswise flow expansion within the stilling basin; local tail water surface level increase and total head loss due to vertical flow contraction; installation of the additional terminal sill. This contribution to the submergence condition allows a reduction in the required depth of the stilling basin, calculated on the basis of a one-dimensional simplified approach without consideration to the spatial characteristic of the hydraulic jump.
Abstract:In urban areas, particulate matter (PM) are the leading cause of air pollution. They can adversely affect human health. One of the solutions to reduce pollution and improve air quality is the use of plants as natural, biological filters which trap the particles on the leaves. Studies on the assimilation capacity of species (Hedera helix, Parthenocissus quinquefolia, Fagus sylvatica) were analyzed. In addition, based on two examples of structures in Krakow, the storage capacity of vines such as Hedera helix and Parthenocissus quinquefolia and Fagus sylvatica tree, for fraction of PM (0.2–2.5 μm; 2.5–10 μm; 10–100 μm) was estimated. Analyses have shown the particular efficacy of creeping vines in PM capture.
Gaska, Krzysztof, Generowicz, Agnieszka, Ciuła, Józef
Type: Article
Release date:
2018
Abstract:The article presents the conception of an intelligent system for monitoring and managing the municipal waste disposal in metropolises. Applying advanced IT solutions using intelligent computational techniques enables the passage from the passive position of selfgovernment units (JST) in managing the waste disposal to the active position, especially in decision making during the problem solving of planning systems associated with the organisation management of the complex infrastructure of the waste disposal. The aim of using ICT systems is an increase in the reliability of the economy of systemic waste, monitoring in real time, the stabilization of the work of the system and the optimization of logistic and technological processes in the context of the raw material, energy application and simultaneously limiting the influence on all components of the environment.
Abstract:In this paper, the K readiness index was adopted in order to evaluate the reliability of the rural water distribution system; complete systems were assessed using the partial survey method. Hydraulic calculations were performed, followed by reliability evaluation with our own NSW programme. In addition, the lengths of the ring and branched sections of the analysed water distribution systems were calculated and 256 computational variants were obtained. Taking into account the values of the K readiness index and the cable lengths, the influence of the pipework system on the level of reliability of a water distribution system with a pumping-hydrophore structure was determined. In the case of a branched system, a moderately strong negative correlation was identified between reliability and the length of pipework.
Abstract:The paper presents selected causes of problems related to the widely understood phenomenon of secondary contamination of drinking tap water caused by corrosion. The legal aspects, related to the formal responsibility for water quality in water supply systems: cold water and hot water, according to the way it is prepared, have been analysed. The main causes of the deterioration of water quality in water supply systems were characterized by the criteria for assessment of the corrosivity and aggressiveness of the water. Proposals for actions which should be undertaken to prevent secondary water contamination in water supply systems have been drawn up.
Abstract:This article describes the main properties of an iterative method of simple knowledge structure creation. The method is based on an inductive learning scheme. The knowledge structure is built automatically and takes the form of a simplified ontology. Knowledge transformation plays a key role in the process of creating the knowledge structure. In order to regular describe many kinds of these transformations the article provides the relevant theoretical background. The task of finding the proper ontology (knowledge structure) is extremely complex. This paper highlights the necessity to investigate efficient search methods; additionally, the work draws attention to the advantages that arise from building the knowledge structure at the minimal possible size. The paper points to possible areas of the method application, especially in connection with problems of the automatic understanding of images and websites.
Abstract:The effectiveness of signal processing using discrete wavelet transformation depends on the correct choice of basic wavelet function. A model of multi-criteria optimisation of selection of wavelet function was developed based on fuzzy logic. An experimental study of the model was carried out for the most common types of signals selected from the MATLAB database package.
